Impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer board honeycomb sandwich structure and preparation method thereof
By bonding and hot-pressing heterogeneous multilayer boards with a honeycomb core to form a composite material structure, the problem of rapid crack propagation in carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structures under impact is solved, thus improving impact resistance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511708911.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-02-17
AI Technical Summary
Carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structures are prone to brittle fracture of the panel upon impact, with cracks rapidly propagating along the thickness direction, leading to rapid failure and weak impact resistance.
A honeycomb sandwich structure is formed by bonding and hot pressing heterogeneous multilayer boards with honeycomb cores. The heterogeneous multilayer boards are made of metal foil and unidirectional prepreg tape laid up according to an optimized model to form a composite material structure, which deflects the crack during the propagation process and extends the propagation path.
It effectively inhibits crack penetration, improves impact resistance, prolongs crack propagation speed, and significantly improves the impact resistance of traditional carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structures.
Smart Images
Figure CN121536056A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of composite material structure design, and particularly relates to an impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer plate honeycomb sandwich structure and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] The honeycomb sandwich structure has the characteristics of high specific strength, high specific stiffness and excellent cushioning performance, and can reduce the self-weight while ensuring the structural strength and stability. The carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structure couples the excellent properties of advanced carbon fiber composite materials and honeycomb sandwich structures, and becomes a high-efficiency lightweight high-strength structure form, which is widely used in many fields such as architecture, shipbuilding, automobile, aerospace and the like. However, the carbon fiber composite material as a panel is prone to brittle fracture when impacted due to its brittle characteristics, and the panel crack propagation path is short and the damage rapidly expands when impacted due to its thin plate characteristics. Therefore, although the carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structure has excellent static mechanical properties, the dynamic impact performance is weak.
[0003] In view of the weak impact resistance of the carbon fiber sandwich structure, researchers have proposed different improvement schemes, including improvement from the aspects of reinforcing materials and matrix. The improvement from the aspect of reinforcing materials, for example, the paper “Experimental study on low-velocity impact and post-impact compression of carbon / aramid hybrid composite honeycomb sandwich panels” published in the journal “Composite Materials” shows that the addition of aramid with better toughness in carbon fiber finds that the carbon / aramid hybrid composite sandwich structure has better impact resistance; the improvement from the aspect of matrix, for example, the paper “Novel panel-core connection process and impact behaviors of CF / PEEK thermoplastic composite sandwich structures with truss cores” published in the international journal “Composite Structures” uses a thermoplastic matrix with higher toughness and deformation recovery capacity, and the results show that the CF / PEEK thermoplastic composite sandwich structure has better impact resistance.
[0004] Although the impact resistance of the structure can be enhanced by replacing the reinforcing materials and the matrix, the crack of the panel of the honeycomb sandwich structure still propagates directly along the thickness direction when the structure is damaged, and the problem of rapid penetration of the panel is not fundamentally solved. SUMMARY
[0005] In view of the above problems, the application provides an impact-resistant heterogeneous multi-layer plate honeycomb sandwich structure and a preparation method thereof, so that when the honeycomb sandwich structure is impacted, the internal cracks of the panel no longer directly expand along the thickness direction, but are deflected, the crack propagation path is prolonged, and the impact resistance of the honeycomb sandwich structure is improved.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the following technical scheme is adopted: In one aspect, the application provides an impact-resistant heterogeneous multi-layer plate honeycomb sandwich structure, which is formed by bonding and hot pressing of a heterogeneous multi-layer plate and a honeycomb core, The heterogeneous multi-layer plate is formed by hot pressing and curing of a plurality of metal foils and a plurality of unidirectional prepreg tapes according to the heterogeneous multi-layer plate layering sequence designed according to an optimization model, The optimization model sets the proportion and position of the metal foils in the heterogeneous multi-layer plate in combination with the effect of the metal foils on the impact resistance, and specifically, , Among them, X, F are the displacement and average contact force of the structure when impacted, I 、 J are the static bending stiffness and static torsional stiffness of the structure, I 0 、 J 0 are the original static bending stiffness and static torsional stiffness of the structure, g i is an optimization design variable.
[0007] Further, the unidirectional prepreg tape is composed of polyether ketone ketone thermoplastic resin and carbon fiber.
[0008] Further, the metal foil is 6061 aluminum foil.
[0009] Further, the honeycomb core material is 5052-H18 aluminum foil.
[0010] In another aspect, the application provides a preparation method of an impact-resistant heterogeneous multi-layer plate honeycomb sandwich structure, which is used for preparing an impact-resistant heterogeneous multi-layer plate honeycomb sandwich structure, and includes the following steps, S1. The proportion and position of the metal foils in the heterogeneous multi-layer plate are determined by an optimization model, and then the layering sequence of the metal foils and the unidirectional prepreg tapes is determined; S2. According to the layering sequence determined by the optimization model, the metal foils and the prepreg tapes are layered and placed in a hot pressing mold in sequence at room temperature, and the heterogeneous multi-layer plate is hot pressed and formed in a hot press; S3. The formed heterogeneous multi-layer plate is bonded with the honeycomb core by bonding glue to form a sandwich structure of the heterogeneous multi-layer plate and the honeycomb core, and is statically set and shaped at room temperature. S4. The shaped sandwich structure is cured and molded in a hot press to form the final product.
[0011] Furthermore, the hot pressing process of the heterogeneous multilayer board in the hot press is as follows: first, the temperature is raised to 260 ℃ at room temperature with a pressure of 0.7 MPa, then the pressure is increased to 6 MPa and the temperature is raised to 350 ℃, and finally the board is cured at a pressure of 7 MPa for 60 min and then naturally cooled at a pressure of 7 MPa.
[0012] Furthermore, the adhesive is prepared by mixing E-51 epoxy resin and polyamide curing agent at a mass ratio of 2:1 in an oil bath at 70°C.
[0013] Furthermore, the hot pressing process of the sandwich structure in the hot press is as follows: first, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃ at room temperature with a pressure of 0.1 MPa, then the pressure is increased to 0.6 MPa and held for 80 min, and finally, it is naturally cooled under a pressure of 0.1 MPa.
[0014] One or more technical solutions provided in this invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages: This invention uses heterogeneous multilayer boards as the face panel of a honeycomb sandwich structure, and combines the heterogeneous multilayer boards with the honeycomb core through bonding and hot pressing processes to obtain an integral honeycomb sandwich structure, giving the structure an interface with significantly different performance in the thickness direction. The heterogeneous multilayer boards are formed into a composite material structure by hot pressing according to the layup sequence of metal foil and unidirectional prepreg tape. Under impact load, the cracks generated in the face panel continuously encounter the interface between the metal foil layer and the unidirectional prepreg tape layer during the propagation process, making it difficult for the cracks to penetrate the structure in a straight line along the thickness direction. The cracks are forced to deflect, and the crack propagation path is extended. The extension of the crack path allows the honeycomb sandwich structure to absorb more energy during impact, thereby reducing the crack propagation speed, improving the impact resistance of the structure, effectively suppressing penetration damage, and significantly improving the defect of traditional carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structures being easily penetrated under impact. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 Force-displacement curves of the HMP-HSS product prepared in Example 2 and the traditional CF-HSS product under 25J impact energy.
[0016] Figure 2 Velocity-time curves of the HMP-HSS product prepared in Example 2 and the conventional CF-HSS product under an impact energy of 25J.
[0017] Figure 3 Force-displacement curves of the HMP-HSS product prepared in Example 2 and the traditional CF-HSS product under 75J impact energy.
[0018] Figure 4 Velocity-time curves of the HMP-HSS product prepared in Example 2 and the conventional CF-HSS product under an impact energy of 75J. Detailed Implementation
[0019] Example 1 The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments.
[0020] The following embodiment provides an impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure, which is formed by bonding and hot-pressing heterogeneous multilayer boards and a honeycomb core. Heterogeneous multilayer boards are formed by hot-pressing and curing several metal foils and several unidirectional prepreg tapes according to a layering sequence designed by an optimized model. The optimized model determines the proportion and position of the metal foils in the heterogeneous multilayer board, taking into account the role of the metal foils in enhancing impact resistance. , in, X, F These represent the structural displacement and average contact force upon impact. I , J These are the static bending stiffness and static torsional stiffness of the structure, respectively. I 0 , J 0 Here, represents the original static bending stiffness and static torsional stiffness of the structure, respectively, and gi is the optimization design variable. In this embodiment, a composite heterogeneous multilayer board is made by alternating lay-up of three layers of metal foil and unidirectional prepreg tape. According to the optimization model, the specific lay-up sequence is set as [Al / 90° / +45° / -45° / 0° / Al / 0° / -45° / +45° / 90° / Al], which means that there are three layers of metal foil, appearing in the outermost, middle and innermost layers; while the unidirectional prepreg tape is arranged in pairs according to 0° / ±45° / 90° as the typical angle composition of impact-resistant composite materials.
[0021] In this preferred embodiment, the unidirectional prepreg tape is composed of polyetherketoneketone thermoplastic resin and carbon fiber.
[0022] In this preferred embodiment, the metal foil used is 6061 aluminum foil.
[0023] In this preferred embodiment, the honeycomb core material is 5052-H18 aluminum foil.
[0024] Example 2 The impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure based on Example 1 is prepared by the following method, including the following steps. S1. Set the layup sequence of the three-layer metal foil and unidirectional prepreg tape according to the optimization model, specifically [Al / 90° / +45° / -45° / 0° / Al / 0° / -45° / +45° / 90° / Al]; S2. In the heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure of impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer board according to Example 1, the thickness of the unidirectional prepreg tape and the metal foil used in this example is 0.15mm and 0.1mm respectively. The unidirectional prepreg tape and the metal foil are cut into standard test specimens with a length of 150mm and a width of 100mm. The metal foil is subjected to sanding mechanical pretreatment. At room temperature, according to the layup sequence in step S1, the metal foil and the prepreg tape are placed into a hot press mold in sequence. The heterogeneous multilayer board is hot-pressed in a hot press. The hot press process parameters matching the forming conditions of the heterogeneous multilayer board are set as follows: at room temperature with a pressure of 0.7MPa, the temperature is first raised to 260℃, then the pressure is increased to 6MPa and the temperature is raised to 350℃, and finally cured at a pressure of 7MPa for 60 min. The heterogeneous multilayer board is naturally cooled at a pressure of 7MPa. The thickness of the obtained heterogeneous multilayer board is 1.5mm. S3. According to the impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure of Example 1, the honeycomb core in this example has a wall thickness Tc of 0.07mm, a side length Lc of 3.6mm, and a thickness of 16mm. The honeycomb core is cut to a length of 150mm and a width of 100mm. The formed heterogeneous multilayer board is used as the face panel and bonded to the cut honeycomb core with adhesive to form a sandwich structure of heterogeneous multilayer board and honeycomb core. The structure is then left to set at room temperature. The adhesive is prepared by mixing E-51 epoxy resin and polyamide curing agent in a mass ratio of 2:1 in an oil bath at 70℃. S4. The shaped sandwich structure is solidified in a hot press. The hot press process is set as follows: first, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃ at room temperature with a pressure of 0.1 MPa, then the pressure is increased to 0.6 MPa and held for 80 min, and finally, it is naturally cooled under a pressure of 0.1 MPa to form an impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure as described in Example 1.
[0025] An impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure prepared according to the preparation method of Example 2 was compared with a traditional carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structure in a drop hammer impact test. The impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure prepared according to the preparation method of Example 2 is denoted as HMP-HSS, while the traditional carbon fiber honeycomb sandwich structure is denoted as CF-HSS. according to Figures 1-4 The analysis and comparison results are shown below. As can be seen from the force-displacement curves, under an impact energy of 25J, the contact forces of the two structures rise to their maximum values with similar slopes, then fluctuate to maintain a large contact force for a long period to resist damage from low-velocity impacts, and finally decrease rapidly. Figure 1 Among the large contact force platforms of HMP-HSS and CF-HSS, HMP-HSS exhibits a significantly higher contact force, averaging 27.98% higher than CF-HSS, indicating that HMP-HSS has stronger resistance to damage from low-velocity impacts; simultaneously, according to Figure 1 When the contact force decreases rapidly, the displacements of the two structures are as follows: HMP-HSS has a displacement 10.94% smaller than that of CF-HSS at this point. This shows that HMP-HSS only needs a smaller displacement to resist the same energy.
[0026] They also exhibited similar characteristics under a 70J impact energy, as the upper panels of both structures were completely penetrated under 70J energy. Figure 3 The two structures exhibit a similar first peak; a second peak is generated when the lower panel of both structures is damaged. Compared to CF-HSS, HMP-HSS has significantly greater contact force and smaller displacement. Its average contact force is 20.03% higher than that of CF-HSS, and its displacement is 10.59% smaller, indicating that HMP-HSS has significantly better impact resistance than CF-HSS.
[0027] As can be seen from the velocity-time curve, Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, compared to CF-HSS, the time for HMP-HSS to drop to 0 velocity is significantly shorter under both 25J and 70J impact energies. Specifically, under 25J and 70J impact energies, the time for HMP-HSS to drop to 0 velocity is 17.08% and 14.24% shorter than that of CF-HSS, respectively. This indicates that HMP-HSS has a stronger ability to resist drop hammer impacts and can reduce the velocity of the drop hammer to 0 more quickly, demonstrating better impact resistance performance.
[0028] Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. An impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure, characterized in that, This structure is formed by bonding and hot-pressing heterogeneous multilayer boards and honeycomb cores. The heterogeneous multilayer board is formed by hot-pressing and curing several metal foils and several unidirectional prepreg tapes according to the heterogeneous multilayer board layup sequence designed by an optimized model. The optimization model combines the effect of metal foil on enhancing impact resistance to determine the proportion and position of metal foil in heterogeneous multilayer boards. Specifically: ， in, X, F These represent the structural displacement and average contact force upon impact. I , J These are the static bending stiffness and static torsional stiffness of the structure, respectively. I 0 , J 0 These are the original static bending stiffness and static torsional stiffness of the structure, respectively. g i To optimize design variables.
2. The heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unidirectional prepreg tape is composed of polyetherketoneketone thermoplastic resin and carbon fiber.
3. The heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The metal foil is made of 6061 aluminum foil.
4. The heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The honeycomb core material is made of 5052-H18 aluminum foil.
5. A method for preparing an impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure, used to prepare the impact-resistant heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps, S1. The proportion and position of the metal foil in the heterogeneous multilayer board are determined by optimizing the model, and then the layup sequence of the metal foil and the unidirectional prepreg tape is determined. S2. At room temperature, according to the layup sequence determined by the optimization model, the metal foil and prepreg tape are placed into the hot press mold in sequence, and the heterogeneous multilayer board is hot-pressed in the hot press. S3. The formed heterogeneous multilayer board is used as the face panel and bonded to the honeycomb core with adhesive to form a sandwich structure of heterogeneous multilayer board and honeycomb core, and then left to stand at room temperature to set. S4. The shaped sandwich structure is cured and molded in a hot press to form the final product.
6. The method for preparing a heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hot pressing process of the heterogeneous multilayer board in the hot press is as follows: first, the temperature is raised to 260 ℃ at room temperature with a pressure of 0.7 MPa, then the pressure is increased to 6 MPa and the temperature is raised to 350 ℃, and finally the board is cured at a pressure of 7 MPa for 60 min and then naturally cooled at a pressure of 7 MPa.
7. The method for preparing a heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The adhesive is prepared by mixing E-51 epoxy resin and polyamide curing agent at a mass ratio of 2:1 in an oil bath at 70°C.
8. The method for preparing a heterogeneous multilayer honeycomb sandwich structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hot pressing process of the sandwich structure in the hot press is as follows: first, the temperature is raised to 100 ℃ at room temperature with a pressure of 0.1 MPa, then the pressure is increased to 0.6 MPa and held for 80 min, and finally, it is naturally cooled under a pressure of 0.1 MPa.