Clamping jaw mechanism and power tongs

Abstract

The invention provides a clamping jaw mechanism. The clamping jaw mechanism comprises a headstock, a first clamping component, a second clamping component, a split ring, a movement mechanism, a machine body and a lifting mechanism. A sliding rail is arranged on the headstock; the first clamping component is installed on the sliding rail in a sliding mode. The second clamping component is installed on the sliding rail in a sliding mode. The first clamping component and the second clamping component are matched to clamp a workpiece; a split ring is mounted at the lower end of the headstock; the movement mechanism is mounted on the headstock; the split ring drives the movement mechanism to operate; the movement mechanism enables the first clamping component and the second clamping component to be closed or opened. A notch is formed in the front portion of the machine body, and a notch gear is installed in the notch. The headstock is mounted on the notched gear; the lifting mechanism is mounted on the machine body; and the lifting mechanism is used for pushing the split ring to move.

Description

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power clamp technology, and particularly to a gripper mechanism and a power clamp. Background Technology

[0002] During well workover operations in oil and water wells, each time a tubing or sucker rod is pulled out or driven in, the threads between the tubing or sucker rod need to be engaged or disengaged. Currently, the common method involves the worker pulling the tubing or sucker rod threading tool (also known as a "power tong") to the wellhead and, under hydraulic pressure, engaging or disengaging the threads.

[0003] For example, the invention patent with application number "201020642890.3" and titled "Three-in-One Hydraulic Powered Pliers" includes a main clamp and a back clamp. Its features are: the main clamp includes a hydraulically driven open gear, the main clamp body is fixedly mounted on the open gear, two pairs of main clamp ramps are fixedly mounted inside the main clamp body, the two pairs of main clamp ramps are symmetrical, a main clamp jaw plate frame is provided inside the two pairs of main clamp ramps, left and right main clamp tooth seats are provided on the main clamp jaw plate frame, left and right main clamp jaw plates are respectively provided on the left and right main clamp tooth seats, and left and right main clamp jaw plates are respectively provided on the left and right main clamp jaw plates. The left and right main clamp rollers that contact the main clamp ramps are respectively fixed to the inner sides of the left and right main clamp jaw blocks; the back clamp includes a hydraulically driven back clamp body, in which two pairs of back clamp ramps are fixedly installed, and a back clamp jaw plate frame is set on the inner side of the two pairs of back clamp ramps. Left and right back clamp jaw blocks are set on the back clamp jaw plate frame, and left and right back jaw plates are set on the left and right back clamp jaw blocks respectively. Left and right back clamp rollers that contact the two pairs of back clamp ramps are set on the left and right back clamp jaw blocks respectively. A cover plate is fixedly installed on the top of the back clamp body, and a hand-operated mechanism is installed on the cover plate.

[0004] The above-mentioned technology is currently the most widely used technology. The biggest problem with this solution is that the extension and retraction of the left and right main jaw blocks can only be achieved with the rotation of the main jaw plate frame. In other words, the clamping or loosening of the sucker rod by the left and right main jaw blocks is driven by the rotation of the main jaw plate frame. When the main jaw plate frame rotates, the left and right main jaw blocks often do not fully clamp or fully loosen the square shaft of the sucker rod, which causes severe friction between the two, causing the sucker rod to wear out too quickly, reducing the service life of the sucker rod, and causing economic losses to the oil field.

[0005] Secondly, most existing power pliers use manual gearboxes, which are slow and inaccurate. They cannot automatically shift gears based on changes in the tightening load of the oil pipes or sucker rod threads, resulting in low shifting efficiency. For example, if the speed is too fast when the threads are almost tightened, it will cause excessive torque and damage the threads. This is because excessive speed will cause excessive rotational inertia of the main plier jaw plate, requiring a large counter torque to stop completely. When uncoupling, if the low gear is not switched to in time, insufficient torque will result in the threads not being uncoupling. After uncoupling, failing to switch to the high gear in time will also waste uncoupling time. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gripper mechanism that, by setting a motion mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and an opening ring, can open or close the first and second gripping components without rotating the notching gear. In other words, their opening and closing do not depend on the rotation of the notching gear and have an independent control mechanism, allowing them to be opened or closed at any time. This prevents the first and second gripping blocks from scraping against the square shaft of the sucker rod. By sliding the first and second gripping components, the first and second gripping blocks can be closed or opened, making it easier for them to detach from the sucker rod after fastening or unfastening it.

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides a gripper mechanism, comprising: Head frame, on which slide rails are provided; The first clamping component is slidably mounted on the slide rail; The second clamping member is slidably mounted on the slide rail; the first clamping member and the second clamping member cooperate to clamp the workpiece; An open ring is installed at the lower end of the head frame; A motion mechanism is mounted on the head frame and driven by the open ring. The motion mechanism causes the first clamping member and the second clamping member to close or open. The fuselage has a notch at the front, and a notch gear is installed inside the notch; the headframe is mounted on the notch gear; A lifting mechanism is installed on the machine body; the lifting mechanism is used to drive the open ring to move.

[0008] Preferably, a first clamping block is installed inside the first clamping member; a second clamping block is installed inside the second clamping member; the first clamping block and the second clamping block are closed or opened by sliding the first clamping member and the second clamping member.

[0009] Preferably, the motion mechanism includes: A gear shaft; a cam is mounted on the gear shaft; the gear shaft drives the cam to rotate. A rack; vertically slidably disposed on the side of the head frame; the gear shaft meshes with the rack; The open ring drives the rack to move; the rack drives the gear shaft to rotate, and the gear shaft drives the cam on it to rotate; the cam drives the first clamping member and the second clamping member to close or open.

[0010] Preferably, a side block is vertically mounted at the rear of the head frame; the rack is slidably mounted inside the side block; one end of the gear shaft is rotatably mounted inside the side block; and the other end of the gear shaft is rotatably mounted on the head frame.

[0011] Preferably, the cam has a first protrusion and a second protrusion; the first clamping member is provided with a first mating part; the second clamping member is provided with a second mating part; when the open ring swings upward, the first protrusion pushes the second mating part, and the second protrusion pushes the first mating part so that the first clamping member and the front end clamping part of the second clamping member move away from each other.

[0012] Preferably, it further includes an energy storage unit; the energy storage unit is located inside the side block; when the open ring swings upward to lift the rack, the rack drives the energy storage unit to store energy; when the open ring descends, the energy storage unit releases energy to drive the rack to move downward; the rack drives the gear shaft to rotate, the gear shaft drives the cam on it to rotate, and the cam brings the front end clamping parts of the first clamping member and the second clamping member closer together.

[0013] Preferably, the energy storage unit includes a pressure plate; the pressure plate is rotatably mounted inside the side block; one end of the pressure plate presses against the upper end of the rack; a spring A is fitted to the lower side of the other end of the pressure plate; when the rack slides upward, the rack pushes one end of the pressure plate to rotate upward; the other end of the pressure plate presses down on the spring A, causing the spring A to store energy and accumulate force.

[0014] Preferably, the spring A is located inside the side block; a spring sleeve is fitted on the upper end of the spring A; and the upper end of the spring sleeve abuts against the lower end of the pressure plate.

[0015] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder is disposed inside the machine body; a piston is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder; the upper end of the piston is connected to a top plate; the top plate is used to push the open ring to move.

[0016] A second aspect of this application provides a power clamp, comprising: A gripper mechanism, wherein the gripper mechanism is any of the gripper mechanisms described above; an arc-shaped mounting portion is provided on the upper part of the notched gear; the head frame of the gripper mechanism is mounted on the arc-shaped mounting portion; Hydraulic motor; the hydraulic motor is mounted at the rear of the machine; An automatic torque converter is installed on the machine body; the hydraulic motor drives the automatic torque converter to operate. An intermediate gear set is located inside the machine body; the automatic torque converter transmits power to the intermediate gear set; the intermediate gear set drives the notched gear to rotate.

[0017] Preferably, the automatic torque converter includes: A central shaft; the central shaft is driven by the hydraulic motor; a drive gear is provided on the upper part of the central shaft; A planetary reduction gear includes planetary gears and a planetary gear carrier; the planetary gears are mounted on the planetary gear carrier; the planetary gears mesh with the drive gear; the planetary gear carrier drives the intermediate gear set to rotate; An outer cylinder; fitted around the planetary reduction gear; an inner gear tooth is provided inside the outer cylinder; the planetary gear meshes with the inner gear tooth; a groove is provided inside the outer cylinder; Torque limiting assembly; installed inside the outer cylinder; the torque limiting assembly is located above the planetary reduction gear; the upper end of the drive gear drives the torque limiting assembly to rotate; Anti-reverse device; installed on the machine body; used to limit the rotation of the outer cylinder in the opposite direction to the central axis; When the central shaft rotates in one direction and the load on the workpiece is relatively small, the central shaft drives the planetary reduction component, the torque limiting component, and the outer cylinder to rotate together. The automatic torque converter does not reduce the speed, so that the planetary gear carrier outputs synchronously with the central shaft. When the load on the workpiece continues to increase and the torque limiting component reaches the preset torque value, the torque limiting component and the outer cylinder rotate relative to each other, and the outer cylinder reverses direction. At this time, the anti-reverse device restricts the outer cylinder from reversing, the central shaft drives the planetary reduction component to operate, and the automatic torque converter begins to reduce the output speed and increase the torque output.

[0018] Preferably, the torque limiting component includes a sliding frame; a movable frame is movably mounted inside the torque limiting component; a spring B is mounted at the rear of the movable frame; a roller is rotatably mounted at the front of the movable frame; when the roller rotates to the groove, the roller is pushed and locked into the groove of the outer cylinder by the spring B and the movable frame, and the roller will not come out of the groove when the load on the workpiece is relatively small; when the load on the workpiece continues to increase and the torque limiting component reaches a preset torque value, the roller can come out of the groove.

[0019] Preferably, the lower part of the sliding frame is provided with an internal spline; the upper end of the drive gear is inserted into the internal spline of the sliding frame and can drive the sliding frame to rotate.

[0020] Preferably, the clamping portions of the first and second clamping blocks are provided with V-shaped openings.

[0021] Preferably, there are two movable frames; the movable frames are L-shaped; the two movable frames are slidably installed in the sliding frame; and the spring B is installed between the two movable frames.

[0022] Because the present invention adopts the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention, by setting up a motion mechanism, a lifting mechanism, and an opening ring, can open or close the first clamping component and the second clamping component without rotating the notched gear. In other words, the opening and closing of the two components does not depend on the rotation of the notched gear and has an independent control mechanism, which can open or close at any time. This prevents the first and second clamping blocks from scraping against the square shaft of the sucker rod. By sliding the first and second clamping components, the first and second clamping blocks can be closed or opened, making it easier for the first and second clamping components to detach from the sucker rod after fastening or unfastening it.

[0023] When clamping a workpiece, the cam will self-lock after rotating to the end point. That is, the reaction force generated by the first clamping component and the second clamping component clamping the workpiece cannot cause the cam to reverse, thus ensuring the reliability of clamping.

[0024] The head frame of this invention is provided with a mounting plate; bearings are installed in both the mounting plate and the side blocks; one end of the gear shaft is installed in the bearing in the side block; the other end of the gear shaft is installed in the bearing in the mounting plate; by setting the mounting plate and the side blocks, the gear shaft can be stably supported.

[0025] This invention also includes an automatic torque-changing device, which can automatically change speed and torque according to load variations. When the load is relatively small, the automatic torque-changing device does not decelerate or increase torque, which is beneficial for quick initial tightening or quick uncoupling. Conversely, when the load is relatively large, the automatic torque-changing device begins to decelerate and increase torque output, which is beneficial for low-speed final tightening and prevents high-speed tightening impact that could damage the threads. When uncoupling, the low speed and high torque also make it easier to loosen difficult-to-remove threads. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gripper mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is an exploded structural diagram of the gripper mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the top plate structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the head frame structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the open ring structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the side block structure of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure plate structure of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second clamping member of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first clamping member of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first mating part of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cam structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic torque converter of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the torque limiting component structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary deceleration component of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 15 This is an exploded view of the automatic torque converter of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the transition gear structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-reverse device of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the direction rod structure of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the central shaft structure of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear carrier structure of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the internal gear tooth structure of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 22 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding frame structure of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the movable frame structure of the present invention.

[0049] Icon labels: Body; 20-Lifting mechanism; 30-Head frame; 40-First clamping component; 50-Second clamping component; 60-Notched gear; 70-Rack; 80-Gear shaft; 90-Energy storage unit; 100-Automatic torque converter; 200-Transmission gear; 300-Center gear; 400-Transition gear; 500-Hydraulic motor; 21-First cylinder; 22-Second cylinder; 23-First piston; 24-Second piston; 25-Top plate; 31-Opening ring; 32-Side block; 33-Mounting plate; 301-Slide rail; 41-First mating part; 42-First clamping block; 43-First V-shaped clamp; 51-Second mating part; 52-Second clamping block; 53-Second V-shaped clamp; 81-Cam; 811-First protrusion; 812- Second protrusion; 91-Pressure plate; 92-Spring sleeve; 93-Spring A; 110-Central shaft; 120-Planetary reduction component; 130-Outer cylinder; 140-Torque limiting component; 150-Cover; 160-Anti-reverse device; 112-Drive gear; 113-Embedded gear; 121-Planetary gear; 122-Planetary gear carrier; 131-Reverse limiting groove; 132-Inner gear tooth; 133-Groove; 134-Forward limiting groove; 141-Sliding frame; 142-Modible frame; 143-Roller; 144-Spring B; 170-Driving bevel gear; 180-Driven bevel gear; 1601-Direction rod; 1602-Pin; 1603-Pawl; 1604-Positioning pin; 1605-Tension spring; 1606-Positioning hole. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be practiced in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0051] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or it can be an element placed in between. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0052] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0053] See Figure 1-23 To address the issue that the extension and retraction of the existing left and right main jaw blocks must be achieved with the rotation of the main jaw plate frame, meaning that the clamping or loosening of the sucker rod by the left and right main jaw blocks is driven by the rotation of the main jaw plate frame, when the main jaw plate frame rotates, the left and right main jaw blocks often do not fully clamp or fully loosen the square shaft of the sucker rod, resulting in severe friction between the two, causing the sucker rod to wear out too quickly, reducing the service life of the sucker rod, and causing economic losses to the oil field.

[0054] This invention provides a gripper mechanism, comprising: Head frame 30, with slide rail 301 mounted on it; The first clamping member 40 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 301; wherein the slide rail 301 can be replaced by a slide groove.

[0055] The second clamping member 50 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 301; the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 cooperate to clamp the workpiece; An open ring 31 is installed at the lower end of the head frame 30; A motion mechanism is mounted on the head frame 30 and driven by the open ring 31. The motion mechanism causes the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 to close or open. The fuselage 10 has a notch at the front, and a notched gear 60 is installed in the notch; the head frame 30 is installed on the notched gear 60; and the opening of the head frame 30 is aligned with the notch of the notched gear 60. The lifting mechanism 20 is installed on the machine body 10; the lifting mechanism 20 is used to drive the open ring 31 to move.

[0056] Specifically, the open ring 31 is hinged to the headstock 30 by a pin, and the open ring 31 can swing up and down; the opening of the headstock 30 is semi-circular, and the semi-circular opening is aligned with the notch of the notch gear 60; by setting the motion mechanism, the lifting mechanism and the open ring, the first clamping member and the second clamping member can be opened or closed without the notch gear rotating. That is to say, the opening and closing of the two do not depend on the rotation of the notch gear and have independent control mechanisms, which can be opened or closed at any time. This will not cause the first clamping block and the second clamping block to scrape the square shaft of the sucker rod. By sliding the first clamping member and the second clamping member, the first clamping block and the second clamping block can be closed or opened, making it easier for the first clamping member and the second clamping member to disengage from the sucker rod after fastening or unfastening the sucker rod.

[0057] In another embodiment of this example, a first clamping block 42 is installed inside the first clamping member 40; a second clamping block 52 is installed inside the second clamping member 50; the first clamping block 42 and the second clamping block 52 are closed or opened by sliding the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50.

[0058] In another embodiment of this invention, the motion mechanism includes: Gear shaft 80; a cam 81 is mounted on the gear shaft 80; the gear shaft 80 drives the cam 81 to rotate. Rack 70; vertically slidingly disposed on the side of headstock 30; gear shaft 80 meshes with rack 70; The open ring 31 drives the rack 70 to move; the rack 70 drives the gear shaft 80 to rotate, and the gear shaft 80 drives the cam 81 on it to rotate; the cam 81 drives the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 to close or open.

[0059] In another embodiment of this invention, a side block 32 is vertically mounted at the rear of the head frame 30; a rack 70 is slidably mounted in the side block 32; one end of a gear shaft 80 is rotatably mounted in the side block 32; and the other end of the gear shaft 80 is rotatably mounted on the head frame 30.

[0060] In another embodiment of this invention, the cam 81 has a first protrusion 811 and a second protrusion 812; a first mating portion 41 is provided on the first clamping member 40; a second mating portion 51 is provided on the second clamping member 50; when the open ring 31 swings upward, the first protrusion 811 pushes the second mating portion 51, and the second protrusion 812 pushes the first mating portion 41, causing the front clamping portions of the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 to move away from each other. That is, the front clamping portions of the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 move away from each other and open, for releasing the workpiece.

[0061] In another embodiment of this invention, an energy storage unit 90 is also included. The energy storage unit 90 is located within the side block 32. When the open ring 31 swings upward to lift the rack 70, the rack 70 drives the energy storage unit 90 to store energy. When the open ring 31 descends, the energy storage unit 90 releases energy, causing the rack 70 to move downward. The rack 70 drives the gear shaft 80 to rotate, and the gear shaft 80 drives the cam 81 on it to rotate. The cam 81 brings the front clamping portions of the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 closer together. Preferably, the front clamping portions of the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 are brought close together to clamp the workpiece. After the cam reaches its end point, it will self-lock, meaning that the reaction force generated by the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 clamping the workpiece cannot cause the cam to reverse, ensuring the reliability of the clamping.

[0062] In another embodiment of this invention, the energy storage unit 90 includes a pressure plate 91; the pressure plate 91 is rotatably mounted inside the side block 32; one end of the pressure plate 91 presses against the upper end of the rack 70; a spring A93 is fitted to the lower side of the other end of the pressure plate 91; when the rack 70 slides upward, the rack 70 pushes one end of the pressure plate 91 to rotate upward; the other end of the pressure plate 91 presses down on the spring A93, causing the spring A93 to store energy and accumulate force. Preferably, the pressure plate 91 is rotatably connected to the side block 32 via a pin.

[0063] In another embodiment of this invention, spring A93 is located inside side block 32; spring sleeve 92 is fitted on the upper end of spring A93; the upper end of spring sleeve 92 abuts against the lower end of pressure plate 91.

[0064] In another embodiment of this invention, the lifting mechanism 20 includes a hydraulic cylinder; the hydraulic cylinder is provided inside the body 10; a piston is installed inside the hydraulic cylinder; the upper end of the piston is connected to the top plate 25; the top plate 25 is used to push the open ring 31 to move.

[0065] Specifically, the lifting mechanism 20 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 21 and a second hydraulic cylinder 22; the first hydraulic cylinder 21 and the second hydraulic cylinder 22 are respectively arranged on both sides of the machine body 10; two first pistons 23 are installed in the first hydraulic cylinder 21; two second pistons 24 are installed in the second hydraulic cylinder 22; the upper ends of the two first pistons 23 and the two second pistons 24 are all connected to the top plate 25; the top plate 25 is used to push the open ring 31 to move.

[0066] The present invention also provides a power clamp, comprising: The gripper mechanism is any of the above-mentioned gripper mechanisms; an arc-shaped mounting part 61 is provided on the upper part of the notched gear 60; the head frame 30 of the gripper mechanism is mounted on the arc-shaped mounting part 61; Hydraulic motor 500; Hydraulic motor 500 is installed at the rear of machine body 10; Automatic torque converter 100; mounted on machine body 10; hydraulic motor 500 drives the automatic torque converter. An intermediate gear set is located inside the machine body 10; an automatic torque converter transmits power to the intermediate gear set; the intermediate gear set drives the notched gear 60 to rotate.

[0067] In another embodiment of this invention, the automatic torque converter 100 includes: Central shaft 110; central shaft 110 is driven by hydraulic motor 500; a drive gear 112 is provided on the upper part of central shaft 110; The planetary reduction gear 120 includes a planetary gear 121 and a planetary gear carrier 122; the planetary gear 121 is mounted on the planetary gear carrier 122; the planetary gear 121 meshes with the drive gear section 112; the planetary gear carrier 122 drives the intermediate gear set to rotate. Outer cylinder 130; sleeved on the outside of planetary reduction component 120; inner gear teeth 132 are provided inside the outer cylinder 130; planetary gear 121 meshes with inner gear teeth 132; groove 133 is provided inside the outer cylinder 130; Torque limiting assembly 140; installed inside outer cylinder 130; torque limiting assembly 140 is located above planetary reduction member 120; the upper end of drive gear 112 drives torque limiting assembly 140 to rotate; Anti-reverse device 160; mounted on the machine body 10; used to limit the rotation of the outer cylinder 130 in the opposite direction to that of the central shaft 110; When the central shaft 110 rotates in one direction and the workpiece load is relatively small, the central shaft 110 drives the planetary reduction component 120, the torque limiting component, and the outer cylinder 130 to rotate together. The automatic torque converter 100 does not reduce the speed, so that the planetary gear carrier 122 outputs synchronously with the central shaft 110. When the workpiece load continues to increase and the torque limiting component 140 reaches the preset torque value, the torque limiting component 140 and the outer cylinder 130 rotate relative to each other, and the outer cylinder 130 reverses direction. At this time, the anti-reverse device 160 restricts the outer cylinder 130 from reversing, the central shaft 110 drives the planetary reduction component 120 to rotate, and the automatic torque converter 100 begins to reduce the output speed and increase the torque output. The outer cylinder 130 is covered with a cover 150. By setting up the automatic torque converter 100, automatic speed and torque can be changed according to load variations. When the load is relatively small, the automatic torque converter 100 does not decelerate or increase torque, which is beneficial for quick initial tightening or quick uncoupling. Conversely, when the load is relatively large, the automatic torque converter 100 begins to decelerate and increase torque output, which is beneficial for low-speed final tightening and prevents high-speed tightening impact that could damage the threads. When uncoupling, the low speed and high torque also make it easier to unscrew difficult-to-remove threads.

[0068] The anti-reverse device 160 includes a steering rod 1601, a pin 1602, a pawl 1603, a positioning pin 1604, and a tension spring 1605. One end of the steering rod 1601 is hinged to the machine body 10 via the pin 1602, and the other end is fitted with the positioning pin 1604. Two positioning holes 1606 corresponding to the positioning pin 1604 are provided on the machine body, located on the left and right sides of the pin 1602, respectively. The pawl 1603 is hinged to the machine body 10 via a pin, and the rear of the pawl 1603 is connected to the front middle part of the steering rod 1601 via the tension spring 1605. Specifically, when the steering rod 1601... When the directional rod 1601 swings to the left and the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole 1606 on the left, the tension spring 1605 exerts a leftward pulling force on the rear of the pawl 1603. The pawl 1603 restricts the outer cylinder 130 from rotating counterclockwise (viewed from above the outer cylinder 130) through the reverse limiting groove 131, but allows the outer cylinder 130 to rotate clockwise. When the directional rod 1601 swings to the right and the positioning pin is inserted into the positioning hole 1606 on the right, the tension spring 1605 exerts a rightward pulling force on the rear of the pawl 1603. The pawl 1603 restricts the outer cylinder 130 from rotating clockwise through the forward limiting groove 134, but allows the outer cylinder 130 to rotate counterclockwise.

[0069] In another embodiment of this invention, the intermediate gear set includes a transmission gear 200, a central gear 300, and a transition gear 400; the transmission gear 200, the central gear 300, and the transition gear 400 are all rotatably mounted inside the machine body 10; the planetary gear carrier 122 drives the transmission gear 200 to rotate; the central gear 300 is driven to rotate by the transmission gear 200; the transition gear 400 meshes with the central gear 300; there are at least two transition gears 400; the notched gear 60 can be driven by at least one transition gear 400 during rotation.

[0070] In another embodiment of this invention, the torque limiting component 140 includes a sliding frame 141; a movable frame 142 is movably mounted inside the torque limiting component 140; a spring B144 is mounted at the rear of the movable frame 142; a roller 143 is rotatably mounted at the front of the movable frame 142; when the roller 143 rotates to the groove 133, the roller 143 is pushed and locked into the groove 133 of the outer cylinder 130 by the spring B144 and the movable frame 142. When the load on the workpiece is relatively small, the roller 143 will not come out of the groove 133; when the load on the workpiece continues to increase and the torque limiting component 140 reaches a preset torque value, the roller 143 can come out of the groove 133.

[0071] In another embodiment of this invention, the lower part of the sliding frame 141 is provided with an internal spline; the upper end of the drive gear part 112 is inserted into the internal spline of the sliding frame 141 and can drive the sliding frame 141 to rotate. Preferably, the upper end of the drive gear part 112 is an embedded tooth part 113; the embedded tooth part 113 is inserted into the internal spline of the sliding frame 141 and can drive the sliding frame 141 to rotate.

[0072] In another embodiment of this invention, the clamping portions of the first clamping block 42 and the second clamping block 52 are provided with V-shaped openings. Specifically, the clamping portion of the first clamping block 42 has a first V-shaped clamping opening 43; the clamping portion of the second clamping block 53 has a second V-shaped clamping opening 53.

[0073] In another embodiment of this invention, there are two movable frames 142; the movable frames 142 are L-shaped; the two movable frames 142 are slidably mounted crosswise within the sliding frame 141; and the spring B144 is installed between the two movable frames 142. By setting the movable frames 142 to be L-shaped and the two movable frames 142 to be slidably mounted crosswise within the sliding frame 141, the sliding lead of the movable frames 142 can be longer, and the sliding can be more stable.

[0074] In another embodiment of this invention, a bevel gear set is also included. The bevel gear set includes a driven bevel gear 180 and a driving bevel gear 170, which mesh and drive each other. The driven bevel gear is mounted on the output shaft of the hydraulic motor 500, and the driving bevel gear 170 is connected to the central shaft 110 via a key. The hydraulic motor 500 drives the central shaft 110 through the bevel gear set. The advantage of this design is that the hydraulic motor 500 can be mounted at the rear of the machine body 10 instead of on top of it, resulting in a lower overall machine height and a more stable center of gravity. Simultaneously, the reduction gear transmission of the bevel gear set allows the central shaft 110 to obtain greater torque.

[0075] The present invention also includes at least the following advantages: By setting up a motion mechanism, a lifting mechanism 20, and an opening ring 31, the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 can be opened or closed without the notched gear 60 rotating. In other words, their opening and closing do not depend on the rotation of the notched gear 60 and have an independent control mechanism, which can open or close at any time. This will prevent the first clamping block 42 and the second clamping block 52 from scraping the square shaft of the sucker rod. By sliding the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50, the first clamping block 42 and the second clamping block 52 can be closed or opened, making it easier for the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 to detach from the sucker rod after fastening or unfastening the sucker rod.

[0076] The front clamping parts of the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 are close to each other to clamp the workpiece. After the cam 81 rotates to the end point, it will generate self-locking, that is, the reaction force generated by the first clamping member 40 and the second clamping member 50 clamping the workpiece cannot cause the cam 81 to reverse, thus ensuring the reliability of clamping.

[0077] When the central shaft 110 rotates in one direction and the external load is relatively small, the central shaft 110 drives the planetary reduction component 120, the torque limiting component, and the outer cylinder 130 to rotate together. The automatic torque converter 100 does not reduce speed or increase torque, so that the planetary reduction component 120 and the central shaft 110 output synchronously. When the external load continues to increase and reaches the preset torque value, the torque limiting component 140 and the outer cylinder 130 rotate relative to each other, and the outer cylinder 130 will reverse. At this time, the anti-reverse device 160 restricts the outer cylinder 130 from rotating in the opposite direction, the central shaft 110 drives the planetary reduction component 120 to rotate, and the automatic torque converter 100 begins to reduce speed and increase torque output. The outer cylinder 130 is covered with a cover 150.

[0078] In summary, it is readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the aforementioned advantageous methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0079] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gripper mechanism, characterized by, The utility model provides a kind of headstock (30), the headstock (30) is provided with slide rail (301) on it;First clamping component (40) is slidably installed on the slide rail (301);Second clamping component (50) is slidably installed on the slide rail (301);The first clamping component (40) and the second clamping component (50) cooperate to clamp workpiece;Opening ring (31) is installed on the lower end of the headstock (30);Movement mechanism is installed on the headstock (30);The movement mechanism is driven by the opening ring (31) to operate;The movement mechanism makes the first clamping component (40) and second clamping component (50) close or open;Machine body (10) is provided with notch in front, and notch gear (60) is installed in the notch;The headstock (30) is installed on the notch gear (60);Lifting mechanism (20) is installed on the machine body (10);The lifting mechanism (20) is used to push the opening ring (31) to move. The first clamping component (40) is provided with first clamping block (42) in it;The second clamping component (50) is provided with second clamping block (52) in it;The first clamping block (42) and the second clamping block (52) are driven to close or open by sliding the first clamping component (40) and the second clamping component (50). The movement mechanism comprises: Gear shaft (80) is installed with cam (81) on it;The cam (81) on the gear shaft (80) is driven to rotate; Rack (70) is vertically slidably arranged on the side of the headstock (31);The gear shaft (80) is engaged with the rack (70); The opening ring (31) drives the rack (70) to move;The rack (70) drives the gear shaft (80) to rotate, and the gear shaft (80) drives the cam (81) on it to rotate;The cam (81) drives the first clamping component (40) and the second clamping component (50) to close or open. The headstock (30) is vertically installed with side block (32) at rear;The rack (70) is slidably installed in the side block (32);One end of the gear shaft (80) is rotatably installed in the side block (32);The other end of the gear shaft (80) is rotatably installed on the headstock (30). The cam (81) has first protruding part (811) and second protruding part (812);The first clamping component (40) is provided with first matching part (41);The second clamping component (50) is provided with second matching part (51);When the opening ring (31) swings upward, the first protruding part (811) pushes the second matching part (51), and the second protruding part (812) pushes the first matching part (41) to make the first clamping component (40) and the front end clamping part of the second clamping component (50) away.

2. The jaw mechanism of claim 1, wherein, ​ 3. The jaw mechanism of claim 1, wherein, ​ ​ ​ ​ 4. The jaw mechanism of claim 3, wherein, ​ 5. The jaw mechanism of claim 3, wherein, ​ 6. The jaw mechanism of claim 4, wherein, Further comprising an energy storage part (90); the energy storage part (90) is located in the side block (32); when the open ring (31) swings upward to jack up the rack (70), the rack (70) drives the energy storage part (90) to store energy; after the open ring (31) descends, the energy storage part (90) releases energy to drive the rack (70) to move downward; the rack (70) drives the gear shaft (80) to rotate, the gear shaft (80) drives the cam (81) on it to rotate, and the cam (81) makes the front end clamping parts of the first clamping member (40) and the second clamping member (50) close to each other.

7. The jaw mechanism of claim 6, wherein, The energy storage part (90) comprises a pressing plate (91); the pressing plate (91) is rotatably installed in the side block (32); one end of the pressing plate (91) is pressed on the upper end of the rack (70); the other end of the pressing plate (91) is matched with a spring A (93) on the lower side; when the rack (70) slides upward, the rack (70) pushes the one end of the pressing plate (91) to rotate upward; the other end of the pressing plate (91) presses the spring A (93) on the lower side to store energy and accumulate force.

8. The jaw mechanism of claim 7, wherein, The spring A (93) is located in the side block (32); the upper end of the spring A (93) is sleeved with a spring sleeve (92); the upper end of the spring sleeve (92) abuts against the lower end of the pressing plate (91).

9. The jaw mechanism of claim 1, wherein, The lifting mechanism (20) comprises an oil cylinder; the oil cylinder is arranged in the fuselage (10); a piston is installed in the oil cylinder; the upper end of the piston is connected with a top plate (25); the top plate (25) is used for pushing the open ring (31) to move.

10. A power tongs comprising: It comprises: The claw mechanism is the claw mechanism in any one of the above 1-9; The notch gear (60) is provided with an arc-shaped mounting part (61) on the upper part; the head frame (30) of the claw mechanism is installed on the arc-shaped mounting part (61); A hydraulic motor (500); the hydraulic motor (500) is installed on the rear part of the fuselage (10); An automatic torque changing device (100); arranged on the fuselage (10); the hydraulic motor (500) drives the automatic torque changing device to operate; A intermediate gear set; arranged inside the fuselage (10); the automatic torque changing device transmits power to the intermediate gear set; the intermediate gear set drives the notch gear (60) to rotate.

11. The power tongs of claim 10, wherein, The automatic torque changing device (100) comprises: A central shaft (110); the central shaft (110) is driven by the hydraulic motor (500); the upper part of the central shaft (110) is provided with a driving gear part (112); A planetary reduction member (120) comprising a planetary gear (121) and a planetary wheel carrier (122); the planetary gear (121) is installed on the planetary wheel carrier (122); the planetary gear (121) is engaged with the driving gear part (112); the planetary wheel carrier (122) drives the intermediate gear set to operate; An outer cylinder (130) is sleeved outside the planetary reduction member (120), the inner gear (132) is arranged in the outer cylinder (130), the planetary gear (121) is engaged with the inner gear (132), and the recess (133) is arranged in the outer cylinder (130); A torque limiting assembly (140) is mounted inside the outer cylinder (130), the torque limiting assembly (140) is located above the planetary reduction member (120), and the upper end of the driving gear part (112) drives the torque limiting assembly (140) to rotate. The anti-reverse device (160) is mounted on the machine body (10) and is used for limiting the rotation of the outer cylinder (130) in the opposite direction of the central shaft (110). When the central shaft (110) rotates in one direction and the load of the workpiece is small, the central shaft (110) drives the planetary reduction member (120), the torque limiting assembly and the outer cylinder (130) to rotate together, the automatic torque changing device (100) does not reduce the speed, the planetary gear carrier (122) is synchronized with the central shaft (110) to output, when the load of the workpiece continuously increases and the torque limiting assembly (140) reaches the preset torque value, the torque limiting assembly (140) and the outer cylinder (130) rotate relatively, the outer cylinder (130) reverses, the anti-reverse device (160) limits the reverse rotation of the outer cylinder (130), the central shaft (110) drives the planetary reduction member (120) to rotate, and the automatic torque changing device (100) starts to reduce the speed and increase the torque output.

12. The power tongs of claim 11, wherein, The torque limiting assembly (140) comprises a sliding frame (141), the movable frame (142) is movably mounted in the torque limiting assembly (140), the spring B (144) is mounted at the rear of the movable frame (142), the roller (143) is rotatably mounted at the front of the movable frame (142), when the roller (143) rotates to the recess (133), the roller (143) is pushed into the recess (133) of the outer cylinder (130) by the spring B (144) and the movable frame (142), when the load of the workpiece is small, the roller (143) cannot be taken out of the recess (133), when the load of the workpiece continuously increases and the torque limiting assembly (140) reaches the preset torque value, the roller (143) can be taken out of the recess (133).

13. The power tongs of claim 12, wherein, The lower part of the sliding frame (141) is provided with an inner spline, and the upper end of the driving gear part (112) is inserted into the inner spline of the sliding frame (141) and can drive the sliding frame (141) to rotate.

14. The jaw mechanism of claim 2, wherein, The clamping parts of the first clamping block (42) and the second clamping block (52) are provided with V-shaped openings.

15. The powered forceps according to claim 12, wherein, The movable frame (142) is L-shaped, and two movable frames (142) are cross-slidably mounted in the sliding frame (141). The spring B (144) is mounted between the two movable frames (142).

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