Railway contact line icing state monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a railway contact line icing state monitoring device and method, and belongs to the field of catenary safety operation assessment, the device comprises a monitoring terminal, the monitoring terminal comprises a non-working contact line arranged close to a working contact line; the icing state acquisition unit is used for acquiring icing state information of the non-working contact line; and the control unit is used for judging whether the non-working contact line is iced or not according to the icing state information and measuring the icing thickness in the icing state. The non-working contact line is arranged independent of the overhead line system, no power-off transformation is needed for the existing live working contact line, the construction difficulty and the implementation cost are reduced, and the method is suitable for newly-built and existing lines; by performing close-range icing monitoring on the non-working contact line and combining with the icing state acquisition unit, the icing state information can be accurately acquired, the monitoring precision and the early-stage discovery capability are improved, and the defect that an image method is susceptible to environmental interference and ice layer transparency is overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of safety operation assessment of overhead contact lines, and more particularly to a device and method for monitoring the icing status of railway contact lines. Background Technology

[0002] The railway contact wire is an important component of the overhead contact system, its function being to transmit electrical energy to the train's pantograph, ensuring a reliable power supply. However, with climate change, icing can easily occur on the contact wire during cold seasons. This icing can affect the power transmission between the contact wire and the pantograph, thus impacting normal train operation. Therefore, the icing condition of the contact wire is strictly controlled.

[0003] In railway management, icing control of contact lines mainly includes two aspects: monitoring and de-icing. Regarding icing monitoring, existing technologies and their shortcomings are as follows: 1) Using tension or angle sensors installed at both ends of the contact wire, monitor whether the contact wire becomes heavier due to icing or experiences sagging, causing changes in the end angle. This method requires modification of the existing contact wire and cannot monitor slight icing or early stages of icing. 2) Utilizing distributed fiber optic sensors installed inside the contact wire to detect changes in the wire's curvature to reflect the icing state. This method requires modifying the existing contact wire, which is characterized by high construction difficulty and cost. Even for new lines, the cost remains high. 3) Image processing methods are used to determine whether the contact line is covered with ice by analyzing images. However, due to the transparency of ice and the complexity of the natural environment, image-based judgment is prone to errors or omissions, making the technology difficult to implement and resulting in inaccurate monitoring results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems of the prior art and provide a device and method for monitoring the icing status of railway contact lines.

[0005] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a railway contact line icing status monitoring device, the device comprising a monitoring terminal, the monitoring terminal including: Non-working contact wires are placed close to working contact wires so that the non-working contact wires are in the same icing environment as the working contact wires. The icing status acquisition unit is used to acquire icing status information of non-working contact lines, and can be any one or more of contact measuring devices, distance measuring devices, and optical detection devices; the distance measuring device can be a laser ranging module or an ultrasonic ranging module. The control unit is connected to the icing status acquisition unit and is used to determine whether the non-working contact line is iced based on the icing status information, or to determine whether the non-working contact line is iced based on the icing status information, and to measure the icing thickness under the icing status.

[0006] In one example, the non-working contact wire is located within 100 meters of the working contact wire, and preferably the non-working contact wire is made of the same material as the working contact wire.

[0007] In one example, the optical detection device includes a non-imaging optical detection module, which is a dot matrix photoelectric sensor group. The dot matrix photoelectric sensor group includes at least one sensor array, and the sensor array includes at least two photoelectric sensors arranged perpendicular to the non-working contact line. When there are two or more sensor arrays, the two or more sensor arrays are arranged circumferentially along the non-working contact line. The photoelectric sensor is used to emit measuring light along the axial direction of the non-working contact line, and to receive the reflected light if the non-working contact line is covered with ice.

[0008] In one example, the surface of the photoelectric sensor is provided with a narrow-band filter, the transmission band of which matches the band of the measurement light emitted by the photoelectric sensor.

[0009] In one example, the monitoring terminal further includes an environmental sensing unit and / or a power supply unit; The environmental sensing unit is connected to the control unit and includes any one or more of temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and wind speed sensors. The power supply unit provides operating voltage to the icing status acquisition unit and the control unit.

[0010] In one example, the device further includes a data server and a communication unit, the data server being connected to the control unit via the communication unit.

[0011] It should be further noted that the technical features corresponding to the above-mentioned device examples can be combined or substituted to form new technical solutions.

[0012] This invention also includes a method for monitoring the icing condition of railway contact lines, which has the same inventive concept as the monitoring device formed by combining any or more of the above examples. The method includes the following steps: Install non-working contact wires close to working contact wires so that the non-working contact wires are in the same icing environment as the working contact wires. Collect information on the icing status of non-working contact wires; Determine whether the non-working contact line is iced based on the icing status information, or determine whether the non-working contact line is iced based on the icing status information, and measure the icing thickness under icing conditions.

[0013] In one example, the method further includes: acquiring icing status information using a dot-matrix photoelectric sensor array, including: The photoelectric sensor emits measuring light along the direction of the non-working contact line. If the non-working contact line is covered with ice, it receives the reflected light. Based on whether each photoelectric sensor receives the corresponding reflected light signal, determine whether there is icing on the non-working contact line; and / or, In the icing state, the ice thickness is measured based on the vertical height of the photoelectric sensor that receives the reflected light signal in the array.

[0014] In one example, measuring the icing thickness under icing conditions further includes: Determine whether icing has occurred based on real-time ambient temperature, humidity, and wind speed: Determine if the real-time ambient temperature is lower than the temperature threshold. If not, determine if icing will not occur. If yes, determine if the real-time ambient humidity is lower than the humidity threshold. If yes, determine if icing will not occur. If no, determine if the real-time ambient wind speed is higher than the wind speed threshold. If yes, determine if icing will not occur; otherwise, determine if icing will occur.

[0015] In one example, measuring the icing thickness under icing conditions further includes: The ice thickness growth rate is calculated based on real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity, and real-time ambient wind speed. The ice thickness is then corrected based on the ice thickness growth rate, or the ice thickness is predicted based on the ice thickness growth rate. Ice thickness growth rate The calculation expression is: ; in, This is a function related to ambient temperature. This is a function related to ambient humidity. This is a function related to ambient wind speed.

[0016] It should be further noted that the technical features corresponding to the above examples can be combined or replaced to form new technical solutions.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In one example, the non-working contact wire is set up independently of the contact network, and no power outage modification is required for the existing energized working contact wire, which greatly reduces the construction difficulty and implementation cost, and is suitable for both new and existing lines; By conducting close-range icing monitoring of non-working contact lines, and combining contact measurement devices, distance measurement devices, and optical detection devices (non-imaging optical detection modules), icing status information can be accurately collected, improving monitoring accuracy and early detection capabilities, and overcoming the shortcomings of image methods that are easily affected by environmental interference and ice transparency.

[0018] 2. In one example, multiple photoelectric sensors are set vertically along the non-working contact line to collect icing status data. By combining the setting height of the photoelectric sensors, the icing thickness can be obtained without being affected by the transparency of the ice layer. Preferably, multiple sensor arrays are set along the circumference of the non-working contact line, which can judge icing in all directions of the non-working contact line, realize the detection of irregular icing, and further improve the accuracy of icing detection.

[0019] 3. In one example, a narrow-band filter is used to filter out components in ambient stray light, such as sunlight, that are different from the wavelength of the measurement light, thus avoiding false triggering or measurement errors caused by ambient stray light interference and further improving measurement accuracy.

[0020] 4. In one example, by introducing an environmental sensor unit and combining it with real-time environmental parameters to determine the icing status, the accuracy and reliability of icing determination can be further improved; by providing independent power supply to each component unit within the monitoring terminal through a power supply unit, the monitoring terminal can be easily installed, improving the convenience of monitoring.

[0021] 5. In one example, by introducing a data server to store, manage, and analyze the data from the monitoring terminals, a networked and intelligent monitoring and management of the icing status of a large-scale railway line was achieved, greatly improving operation and maintenance efficiency.

[0022] 6. In one example, the ice thickness was corrected by the ice growth rate, which ensured the accuracy and reliability of the ice thickness measurement; the ice thickness was predicted by the ice growth rate, which provided an ice thickness prediction mechanism and provided a forward-looking basis for preventive de-icing decisions. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are provided to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The same reference numerals are used in these drawings to denote the same or similar parts. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of an apparatus provided as an example of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a device architecture diagram for introducing a data server, as provided in an example of the present invention. Figure 3 A device block diagram provided for a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a method provided as an example of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" or "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0028] In one example, such as Figure 1 As shown, a railway contact line icing status monitoring device includes one or more monitoring terminals installed at the locations to be monitored. Each monitoring terminal is an independent unit, and there is no interconnection between multiple monitoring terminals. Each monitoring terminal includes a non-working contact line, an icing status acquisition unit, and a control unit. The output of the icing status acquisition unit is connected to the control unit. The icing status acquisition unit is used to collect icing status information of the non-working contact line and feed it back to the control unit. The control unit outputs at least a qualitative result of whether the non-working contact line is iced based on the icing status information, i.e., outputting the result of whether the non-working contact line is iced. Preferably, the control unit is also used to measure the icing thickness under icing conditions. Further, when multiple monitoring terminals exist, the control unit is also used to store the geographical location information of each monitoring terminal, including latitude, longitude, and altitude. This geographical location information can be input to the control unit or collected in conjunction with a positioning unit. The control unit can be a microprocessor, microcontroller, digital signal processor, programmable logic device, system-on-a-chip, or embedded control motherboard, etc.

[0029] Specifically, the non-working contact wire is positioned close to the working contact wire so that the icing environment (temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation) of the non-working contact wire is approximately the same as that of the working contact wire. Optionally, the interval between the non-working contact wire and the working contact wire is 0-100m. Preferably, a section of non-working contact wire (not connected to the overhead contact system and not energized) is installed at a distance of 1m from the working contact wire in the same orientation to simulate the working contact wire. The length of the non-working contact wire can vary, ranging from 100 to 1000mm, preferably 200mm. By monitoring the icing state of this section of non-working contact wire at close range, the icing state of the nearby overhead contact network can be inferred, and early icing phenomena can be detected. Each monitoring terminal can monitor one or multiple non-working contact wires. Furthermore, it is preferable that the non-working contact wire is made of the same material as the working contact wire. This ensures that the icing environment (temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation) of the non-working contact wire is highly consistent with that of the working contact wire. As a result, the icing state of the non-working contact wire can accurately and reliably reflect the actual icing situation of the working contact wire, thus improving the reliability of the alternative measurement method.

[0030] The icing status acquisition unit can be any one or more of a contact measuring device, a distance measuring device, and an optical detection device. The contact measuring device can be a contact switch. A tactile switch is installed at a certain distance from the non-working contact line. There is a small gap between the switch button and the non-working contact line. When ice fills the gap on the non-working contact line, the button of the tactile switch is pressed, thus turning on the switch. The control unit determines whether icing has occurred based on this switch state change; that is, when the tactile switch is on, the control unit outputs the icing determination result. The distance measuring device can be a laser ranging module or an ultrasonic ranging module. The laser ranging module or ultrasonic ranging module emits laser or ultrasonic waves to the non-working contact line. The control unit determines icing based on whether the laser ranging module or ultrasonic ranging module receives reflected light or reflected waves; that is, if no reflected light or reflected waves are received, it means that the non-working contact line is not iced, and correspondingly, the working contact line is not iced; otherwise, the working contact line is iced. Furthermore, the control unit outputs the corresponding icing thickness based on the time taken for the laser ranging module and ultrasonic ranging module to receive the reflected light or reflected wave. The optical detection device includes a non-imaging optical detection module, such as a photoelectric sensor. Optionally, the optical detection device may also include an image acquisition module, such as an industrial camera, for acquiring real-time images of the non-working contact line. It can be further equipped with a light intensity sensor to achieve adaptive shooting of the contact line images based on brightness, thus displaying images of the icing on the non-working contact line.

[0031] In this example, the monitoring terminal including the non-working contact line is made into an independent monitoring device. In scenarios where existing contact lines are monitored, icing monitoring can be achieved without making any adjustments to the existing contact lines, thus improving the convenience of icing monitoring.

[0032] In one example, the non-imaging optical detection module is a dot-matrix photoelectric sensor group, including at least one sensor array. Preferably, this example includes four sensor arrays, which are uniformly distributed circumferentially along the non-working contact line. Further, the sensor array includes at least two photoelectric sensors positioned perpendicular to the non-working contact line. In this example, each sensor array includes x photoelectric sensors. The icing measurement principle is as follows: Each photoelectric sensor represents a measurement point. The first photoelectric sensor A1 in the first sensor array A emits a beam of measurement light. If no reflected light is received by the first photoelectric sensor A1, it indicates that there is no ice above the non-working contact line. If the first photoelectric sensor A1 receives reflected light, it indicates that there is ice above the non-working contact line, and the ice thickness is the distance s1 between the first photoelectric sensor A1 and the surface of the non-working contact line. Similarly, if the second photoelectric sensor A2 in the first sensor array also detects reflected light, it indicates that the ice thickness is s1 + the distance between A1 and A2 (Pi), where Pi is also called the resolution of this dot matrix optical sensor. If reflected light is detected by A1 to Ax, it indicates that the ice thickness is s1 + Pi(x-1). Therefore, if the second sensor array B has a corresponding reflected light signal, it indicates that there is ice on the right side of the contact line, and the ice thickness is calculated in the same way as above; if the third sensor array C has a corresponding reflected light signal, it indicates that there is ice below the contact line; if the fourth sensor array D has a corresponding reflected light signal, it indicates that there is ice on the left side of the contact line. Depending on the actual needs, the number of sensor arrays and their distribution can be increased, and the sensor resolution and the number of sensors in each array can be adjusted.

[0033] The aforementioned dot-matrix photoelectric sensor array can measure the icing state of the contact wire from all angles. It can detect the maximum icing thickness in both the longitudinal and transverse directions of the non-working contact wire and effectively detect irregularly shaped icing. Furthermore, by combining the time factor t, it can also calculate the icing growth rate of the non-working contact wire and thus predict the icing thickness.

[0034] Preferably, an array of sensors can be used for icing detection. The array of sensors rotates around the radial center of the non-working contact line under the drive of a motor, thereby achieving 360° icing status (whether or not icing occurs) and icing thickness measurement.

[0035] In one example, a narrow-band filter is provided on the surface of the photoelectric sensor. The transmission band of the narrow-band filter matches the band of the measurement light emitted by the photoelectric sensor, filtering out components in ambient stray light such as sunlight that are different from the band of the measurement light, reducing the adverse effects of ambient stray light such as sunlight on the sensor, and further improving the detection accuracy of the dot matrix measurement sensor.

[0036] In one example, the monitoring terminal also includes an environmental sensing unit and / or a power supply unit, such as Figure 3 As shown, the preferred embodiment includes an environmental sensing unit and a power supply unit. The environmental sensing unit is connected to the control unit and includes one or more of a temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and wind speed sensor, preferably including a temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and wind speed sensor. The temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and wind speed sensor respectively collect real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity, and real-time ambient wind speed. The control unit uses these real-time ambient temperature, real-time ambient humidity, and real-time ambient wind speed to assist in determining the icing state. For example, when the real-time ambient temperature is greater than 0℃ (temperature threshold), the control unit corrects the icing judgment result based on this temperature condition, and the output is an icing result. When the real-time ambient humidity is less than the humidity threshold (e.g., 70%), even if the temperature condition meets the icing condition and the sensor may detect a weak signal, the control unit will correct or reject the icing judgment because the moisture content in the air is insufficient to support icing formation or continued growth. When the real-time ambient wind speed continuously exceeds the set wind speed upper limit threshold, the control unit determines that strong winds will peel off the ice layer, and thus outputs a result of no icing or unstable icing. Using multiple environmental parameters to assist in icing assessment can improve the overall accuracy and reliability of the device's icing assessment under different complex weather conditions, and reduce the risk of misjudgment caused by false alarms from a single sensor or special weather conditions.

[0037] The power supply unit is used to provide operating voltage for various components in the monitoring terminal, such as the icing status acquisition unit, control unit, and environmental sensing unit. It can be powered by mains power, battery power, mains power + battery power, or wind power and solar power.

[0038] In one example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the device also includes a data server, such as Figure 3As shown, the monitoring terminal also includes a communication unit. The data server is connected to one or more monitoring terminals via the communication unit, preferably in a star configuration. In this case, the control unit transmits the icing status information collected by the icing status acquisition unit, the icing judgment results output by the control unit itself (including whether icing has occurred and the icing thickness judgment results), and the real-time environmental information collected by the environmental sensing unit to the data server via the communication unit. The data server can be an industrial control computer located in the management office area, used to centrally manage the data fed back by the control units in the monitoring terminals and provide data access services. Optionally, the data transmission between the data server and the control unit has two modes: passive reception mode and active query mode. In passive reception mode, each monitoring terminal periodically uploads icing status information to the data server. Furthermore, to avoid data transmission channel congestion, different monitoring terminals can be set to upload sequentially. In active query mode, under manual or program intervention, the data server actively sends a query command to a designated monitoring terminal, requesting that terminal to immediately return icing status information.

[0039] The communication unit can be a wired communication module or a wireless communication module, preferably a wireless communication module, such as a TCP network card, a WIFI access point, a 4G or 5G wireless communication router, etc. With the help of an independent power supply unit (such as a battery), the monitoring terminal can be installed as conveniently as possible, reducing installation costs and improving convenience.

[0040] Combining the above examples yields preferred examples of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the device at this time includes one data server and N monitoring terminals, such as... Figure 3As shown, the monitoring terminal includes a non-working contact line, an icing status acquisition unit, an environmental sensing unit, a control unit, a communication unit, and a power supply unit. Each monitoring terminal collects environmental parameters and icing status information of the non-working contact line at close range and independently through the environmental sensing unit and the icing status acquisition unit. After processing by the control unit, the information is uploaded to the central data server via the wireless communication unit, realizing remote and centralized monitoring and early warning of the icing status of the contact line over a large area. It has the following technical advantages: (1) Convenient implementation: Especially when implemented under existing line conditions, no adjustments need to be made to the existing contact line. Only an independent monitoring terminal needs to be installed next to the contact line, which does not affect the daily maintenance and normal application of the existing contact line. (2) Low cost: The design of centralized server + lightweight distributed monitoring terminal can realize the monitoring of the icing status of the contact line over a large area at low cost. (3) High reliability: The icing status acquisition unit is used to monitor the icing status of the non-working contact line at close range. Since the non-working contact line is not energized, the accuracy of the monitoring results can be improved and the monitoring reliability can be improved. (4) Early icing condition monitoring: Close-range monitoring of the icing condition of non-working contact lines can improve monitoring accuracy, detect early icing phenomena, and buy more time for management to make decisions and carry out de-icing actions.

[0041] This invention also includes a method for monitoring the icing condition of railway contact lines, which has the same inventive concept as any or more of the above examples forming an icing condition monitoring device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the method includes the following steps: S1: Install non-working contact wires, placing them close to working contact wires.

[0042] Install a non-working contact wire of the same material but without electricity at a position adjacent to the working contact wire (e.g., within 1 meter horizontally) so that the non-working contact wire is in roughly the same icing environment (temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation) as the working contact wire.

[0043] S2: Collect information on the icing status of non-working contact wires.

[0044] Data on the icing status of non-working contact lines is collected using icing status acquisition units (such as dot matrix photoelectric sensors, laser ranging modules, etc.) deployed at close range (usually less than 10 cm).

[0045] S3: Determine whether the non-working contact line is iced based on the icing status information, or determine whether the non-working contact line is iced based on the icing status information, and measure the icing thickness under icing conditions.

[0046] The acquired icing status data is processed in two ways: firstly, qualitative judgment can be made to identify whether the non-working contact line is in an icing state; secondly, quantitative analysis can be further achieved to calculate the thickness of the ice layer after determining icing.

[0047] This example method fully implements the entire process from safe deployment and high-precision data acquisition to intelligent analysis and judgment, effectively avoiding the need for physical modification of the existing overhead contact line, and has the advantages of high reliability, low cost and convenient implementation.

[0048] In one example, the method further includes: acquiring icing status information using a dot matrix photoelectric sensor array, including: The photoelectric sensor emits measuring light along the direction of the non-working contact line. If the non-working contact line is covered with ice, it receives the reflected light. Based on whether each photoelectric sensor receives the corresponding reflected light signal, determine whether there is icing on the non-working contact line; and / or, In the icing state, the ice thickness is measured based on the vertical height of the photoelectric sensor that receives the reflected light signal in the array.

[0049] In this example, multiple sensor arrays are uniformly arranged axially along the non-working contact line. Each sensor array includes multiple photoelectric sensors, which directionally emit a measurement beam of a specific wavelength onto the surface of the non-working contact line. If a photoelectric sensor does not receive reflected light, it is determined that the corresponding location of the photoelectric sensor is not iced, and the light is absorbed or scattered by the original cable surface. If reflected light is received, it indicates that the corresponding location of the photoelectric sensor is iced. By determining the reflected light reception status of the photoelectric sensors at each location, 360° icing status (whether icing occurs) and icing thickness measurement can be achieved.

[0050] Preferably, given that icing has been determined, the icing thickness is calculated based on the known installation height (or sequence position) of the sensor in the array that receives the reflected light signal in the vertical direction and is farthest from the surface of the non-working contact line. This is combined with the fixed spacing between the sensors and the reference distance between the initially calibrated surface of the non-working contact line and the nearest photoelectric sensor. This enables non-contact icing detection and measurement that is unaffected by the transparency of the ice layer.

[0051] In one example, measuring the icing thickness under icing conditions further includes: Determine whether icing has occurred based on real-time ambient temperature, humidity, and wind speed: Determine if the real-time ambient temperature is lower than the temperature threshold. If not, determine if icing will not occur. If yes, determine if the real-time ambient humidity is lower than the humidity threshold. If yes, determine if icing will not occur. If no, determine if the real-time ambient wind speed is higher than the wind speed threshold. If yes, determine if icing will not occur; otherwise, determine if icing will occur.

[0052] In this example, a temperature threshold (e.g., 0°C) is used as the primary screening criterion. If the temperature condition is met, the ambient humidity is further assessed to ensure there are sufficient cooling water droplets in the air for icing. Finally, the real-time ambient wind speed is checked to ensure it falls within a certain range; excessively high wind speeds will cause the ice layer to peel off. This example uses multiple environmental parameter thresholds for icing assistance, improving the overall accuracy and reliability of icing assessment under various complex weather conditions.

[0053] In one example, measuring the icing thickness under icing conditions also includes: The ice thickness growth rate is calculated based on real-time ambient temperature, humidity, and wind speed. The ice thickness is then adjusted or predicted based on this growth rate. A positive ice thickness growth rate indicates that the ice thickness will increase over time, while a negative rate indicates that the ice thickness will decrease over time; this is called the ice ablation rate.

[0054] Specifically, the growth rate of ice thickness The calculation expression is: ; in, This is a function related to ambient temperature; if it is below a temperature threshold... If the temperature is higher than the threshold, the output will be positive, and the lower the temperature, the larger the output value, indicating a higher rate of increase in ice thickness. If the temperature is too high, the output will be negative, and the higher the temperature, the smaller the output value, indicating that the ice layer is melting faster. This is the temperature hysteresis interval; changes within this interval will not affect the function's output value. This is a humidity-related function. The function outputs a positive value; the higher the humidity, the larger the output value; the lower the humidity, the smaller the output value. In other words, the higher the humidity, the faster the expected increase in ice thickness; and vice versa. This is a function related to ambient wind speed. The output value of this function is positive; the higher the ambient wind speed, the larger the output value; the lower the ambient wind speed, the smaller the output value. That is, the higher the ambient wind speed, the slower the expected increase in ice thickness; and vice versa.

[0055] This example calculates the ice thickness growth rate using real-time ambient temperature, humidity, and wind speed, enabling prediction and trend assessment of dynamic changes in ice thickness and providing a forward-looking basis for preventative de-icing decisions.

[0056] The above detailed embodiments are a description of the present invention. It should not be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of these should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A railway contact line icing state monitoring device, characterized by, The device comprises a monitoring terminal, the monitoring terminal comprising: a non-working contact line arranged close to the working contact line; an icing state acquisition unit for acquiring icing state information of the non-working contact line, being any one or more of a contact measurement device, a distance measurement device, and an optical detection device, the distance measurement device being a laser ranging module or an ultrasonic ranging module; a control unit connected to the icing state acquisition unit, for determining whether the non-working contact line is iced according to the icing state information, or determining whether the non-working contact line is iced according to the icing state information and measuring the icing thickness in the icing state.

2. The railway contact line icing state monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-working contact line is arranged within 100 meters from the working contact line, and the non-working contact line is made of the same material as the working contact line.

3. The railway contact line icing state monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optical detection device comprises a non-imaging optical detection module, the non-imaging optical detection module being a dot-matrix photoelectric sensor group, the dot-matrix photoelectric sensor group comprising at least one sensor array, the sensor array comprising at least two photoelectric sensors arranged perpendicularly to the non-working contact line, when there are two or more sensor arrays, the two or more sensor arrays are arranged circumferentially along the non-working contact line. The photoelectric sensor is used to emit measuring light along the axial direction of the non-working contact line, and receive reflected light if the non-working contact line is iced.

4. The railway contact line icing state monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The surface of the photoelectric sensor is provided with a narrow-band optical filter, and the transmission wavelength band of the narrow-band optical filter matches the wavelength band of the measuring light emitted by the photoelectric sensor.

5. The railway contact line icing state monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring terminal further comprises an environmental sensing unit and / or a power supply unit; The environmental sensing unit is connected to the control unit and comprises any one or more of a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a wind speed sensor; The power supply unit is used to provide operating voltage for the icing state acquisition unit and the control unit.

6. The railway contact line icing state monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device further comprises a data server and a communication unit, the data server being connected to the control unit through the communication unit.

7. A railway contact line icing state monitoring method, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: installing a non-working contact line, so that the non-working contact line is arranged close to the working contact line; acquiring icing state information of the non-working contact line; determining whether the non-working contact line is iced according to the icing state information, or determining whether the non-working contact line is iced according to the icing state information and measuring the icing thickness in the icing state.

8. The railway contact line icing state monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further comprises: acquiring the icing state information by using a dot-matrix photoelectric sensor group, comprising: the photoelectric sensor emits measuring light along the direction of the non-working contact line, and receives reflected light if the non-working contact line is iced; determining whether the non-working contact line is iced according to whether each photoelectric sensor receives a corresponding reflected light signal; and / or in the icing state, measuring the icing thickness according to the vertical height of the photoelectric sensor receiving the reflected light signal in the array.

9. The railway contact line icing state monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further comprises: determining whether the non-working contact line is iced according to real-time environmental temperature, real-time environmental humidity, and real-time environmental wind speed: determining whether the real-time environmental temperature is less than a temperature threshold, if not, determining that the non-working contact line is not iced; if yes, determining whether the real-time environmental humidity is less than a humidity threshold, if yes, determining that the non-working contact line is not iced; if not, determining whether the real-time environmental wind speed is greater than a wind speed threshold, if yes, determining that the non-working contact line is not iced, if not, determining that the non-working contact line is iced.

10. The railway contact line icing state monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further comprises: According to the real-time environment temperature, the real-time environment humidity and the real-time environment wind speed, the ice layer thickness growth rate is calculated, the ice layer thickness is corrected according to the ice layer thickness growth rate, or the ice layer thickness is predicted according to the ice layer thickness growth rate; The ice layer thickness growth rate The calculation expression is: ； wherein, is an ambient temperature dependent function; is an ambient humidity dependent function; is an ambient wind speed dependent function.

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