Abrasion ultrasonic in-situ measurement device and water lubrication ring block test bed and test method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device and a water lubrication ring block test bed and a test method thereof. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device comprises a loading rod, a probe holding mechanism and a test block holding mechanism, a hollow channel is formed in the loading rod, and a vertical groove and a water inlet which are communicated with the hollow channel in the loading rod are formed in the side wall of the loading rod; the probe holding mechanism comprises a probe holding frame which is accommodated in the hollow channel and is used for sleeving the water immersion probe, and a focal length adjusting sliding block which is fixedly connected with the probe holding frame, one end of the focal length adjusting sliding block is inserted into the vertical groove and is fixedly connected with the probe holding frame, and the focal length adjusting sliding block can be fixed on the loading rod; the focal length adjusting sliding block can vertically move along the vertical groove to adjust the focal length of the water immersion probe, and the test block keeping mechanism is fixed at the bottom end of the loading rod and is used for fixing a test block. The measuring device provided by the invention can ensure that the water immersion probe is accurately focused on the friction interface, and the thickness of the coupling water layer is maintained to meet the sound propagation requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bearing performance testing technology, and in particular to a wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device, its water-lubricated ring block test bench, and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Water-lubricated bearings are key components of marine propulsion systems. Using water as the lubricating medium significantly reduces bearing friction resistance while also being environmentally friendly. However, the low load-bearing capacity of the lubricating water and the off-center load caused by the stern shaft gravity result in the bearing operating in a multi-zone lubrication state, or even localized direct contact, severely reducing bearing safety and lifespan. Therefore, research on wear condition monitoring is necessary. Regarding wear measurement methods, ultrasound, as a non-invasive measurement technique, is the most commonly used due to its strong penetration ability and straight-line propagation, making it suitable for measuring water-lubricated composite materials. In terms of composite material wear measurement devices, water-lubricated ring-block test benches can simulate the contact behavior of water-lubricated bearing friction pairs, providing important evidence for evaluating the tribological properties of composite materials. However, current wear measurements on these test benches mainly rely on weighing methods or confocal microscopy. These methods require disassembling the test block after the experiment for measurement, making it difficult to achieve in-situ direct monitoring while the equipment is in operation.

[0003] Regarding the selection of ultrasonic sensors, since the wear area generated by the water-lubricated ring-block test bench is the middle part of the test block, a water immersion probe can be used as the ultrasonic detection unit. Its acoustic focusing principle enables accurate identification of the wear area. However, the focal position of the water immersion probe is affected by the sound velocity of the composite material and the thickness of the coupling water layer. Before measurement, it must be adjusted to the interface of the friction pair to enhance the reflected signal. Simultaneously, a sufficient coupling water layer must be maintained during focusing to avoid abnormal reflection interference of ultrasonic waves at the air interface.

[0004] To simultaneously study the tribological behavior of water-lubricated composite materials and perform in-situ dynamic wear measurement, a wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device for a water-lubricated ring-block test bench needs to be developed. This device must be adaptable to the characteristics of different composite material specimens, ensure that the water immersion probe is precisely focused on the friction interface, and maintain the coupling water layer thickness to meet acoustic propagation requirements. This will improve the accuracy of wear measurement on the ring-block water-lubricated test bench, thereby more reliably evaluating and improving the tribological performance of composite materials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide an ultrasonic in-situ measurement device for wear, a water-lubricated ring block test bench, and a testing method, which aims to ensure that the water immersion probe is accurately focused on the friction interface and maintain the coupling water layer thickness to meet the requirements of sound propagation.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an in-situ ultrasonic wear measurement device, comprising a loading rod, a probe holding mechanism, and a test block holding mechanism, wherein... The loading rod has a hollow channel inside for inserting a water immersion probe. The side wall of the loading rod has a vertical groove and a water inlet communicating with the hollow channel. The probe holding mechanism includes a probe holder housed inside the hollow channel and used to fit over the water immersion probe, and a focus adjustment slider fixedly connected to the probe holder. One end of the focus adjustment slider is inserted into the vertical groove and fixedly connected to the probe holder. The focus adjustment slider can be fixed on the loading rod and can move vertically along the vertical groove to adjust the focus of the water immersion probe. The test block holding mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the loading rod and used to fix the test block.

[0007] Preferably, the loading rod includes a lower loading rod, an upper loading rod, and an upper cover plate that are detachably connected in sequence. The lower loading rod and the upper loading rod are both provided with through holes to form the hollow channel. The vertical groove is located on the side wall of the upper loading rod, and the water inlet is located on the side wall of the lower loading rod.

[0008] Preferably, the diameter of the hollow channel inside the lower loading rod is smaller than the diameter of the hollow channel inside the upper loading rod; or, the outer wall of the upper loading rod is provided with scale lines corresponding to the vertical groove.

[0009] Preferably, the lower loading rod has multiple water inlets evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, and the water inlets are located between the bottom of the test block and the water immersion probe; the upper loading rod has an outlet on its side wall that communicates with its internal hollow channel.

[0010] Preferably, a guide rail is protruding on the inner wall of the hollow channel of the upper loading rod, and the outer shape of the probe holder is adapted to the guide rail to guide the vertical movement of the probe holder.

[0011] Preferably, the top surface of the probe holder is provided with a plurality of ribs, the end faces of which are used to abut against the outer wall of the immersion probe; or, the inner ring side of the probe holder is provided with a sealing groove, the sealing groove accommodating a sealing ring, the sealing ring fitting against the outer wall of the immersion probe to achieve a sealed connection between the probe holder and the immersion probe.

[0012] Preferably, the test block holding mechanism includes a test block holder that is detachably connected to the bottom end of the loading rod, the test block holder being used to fix the test block.

[0013] Preferably, the probe holder and the focus adjustment slider are integrally formed.

[0014] The present invention further proposes a water-lubricated ring block test bench, including the wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device as described above, and also including a bench base, a vertical force sensor, a horizontal force sensor, a measuring device holder, a water tank, and a loading mechanism. The water tank is installed in the internal cavity of the bench base. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device is externally fitted with a measuring device holder to support it in the internal cavity of the bench base. The upper part of the wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device is connected to the loading mechanism through the vertical force sensor, and the measuring device holder is connected to the horizontal force sensor.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a testing method for the above-mentioned water-lubricated ring block test bench, comprising the following steps: The test block is installed on the test block holding mechanism, and the water immersion probe and probe holding mechanism are installed inside the loading rod. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device after installation is installed on the measuring device holding frame of the water lubricated ring block test bench. The water level in the water tank inside the control frame base is higher than the height of the water inlet on the loading rod. The focus adjustment slider is controlled to move upward relative to the vertical groove of the loading rod, so that the distance between the water immersion probe and the test block gradually increases. When the echoes at the upper and lower interfaces of the test block show clear and independent waveforms, the focus adjustment slider and the loading rod are fixed. The rotating shaft in the water tank of the control frame rotates to drive the steel ring on it to move. The steel ring and the test block below the test block holding mechanism rub against each other, and the measurement data of the water immersion probe, vertical force sensor and horizontal force sensor are recorded.

[0016] The water-lubricated ring block test bench proposed in this invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) In-situ high-precision ultrasonic measurement of wear of water-lubricated ring-block test bench was realized: By integrating the ultrasonic immersion probe with the loading rod, and based on the ultrasonic reflection principle, the measuring device can monitor the wear of the friction pair contact area of ​​water-lubricated composite material in real time and online without interrupting the test or disassembling the test block during test operation, which significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the ring-block water-lubricated ring-block test bench in evaluating the tribological properties of water-lubricated composite material; (2) Ensuring the stability of the coupling water layer during measurement: This design utilizes the guide rail and ultrasonic probe holder to form a self-sealing coupling water tank. This tank achieves adaptive water supply and water level stability through atmospheric pressure difference. Simultaneously, during the movement of the ultrasonic probe, the external atmospheric pressure continuously acts, ensuring that the coupling water layer within the tank remains full, thus effectively maintaining the water environment of the probe and the test block. This design significantly improves the stability of the device during probe focusing in water immersion. (3) A probe adjustment mechanism with precise focusing is provided: the probe holder and focus adjustment slider designed based on the guide rail slider principle, together with the scale line and fixing pin hole, not only ensures the vertical incidence of ultrasonic signal, but also precisely adjusts the thickness of coupling water layer according to the physical properties of the test block (sound velocity, thickness), so that the focus is always focused on the contact interface of the friction pair, and improves the amplitude of reflected signal and signal-to-noise ratio. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the water-lubricated ring block test bench of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic in-situ measurement device for wear in the water-lubricated ring block test bench of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device in the water-lubricated ring block test bench of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A detailed magnified structural diagram of point A shown below; Figure 5 This is a top view of the ultrasonic in-situ wear measurement device in the water-lubricated ring block test bench of the present invention during the disassembly of the upper cover plate; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the focusing principle structure of the ultrasonic in-situ measurement device for wear in the water-lubricated ring block test bench of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ultrasonic signals collected by the water-lubricated ring block test bench of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram, 1-loading mechanism, 2-bench base, 3-vertical force sensor, 4-horizontal force sensor, 5-measuring device holder, 6-steel ring, 7-telescopic sleeve, 8-wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device, 9-water, 10-rotating shaft, 11-water tank, 12-upper cover plate, 13-outlet, 14-probe signal line, 15-upper loading rod, 16-scale line, 17-lower loading rod, 18-test block holder, 19-rear holder, 20-focus adjustment slider fixing pin hole, 21-probe fixing pin hole, 22-water inlet, 23-test block holder fixing pin, 24-test block, 25-front holder, 26-rib plate, 27-water immersion probe, 28-test block fixing pin, 29-sealing ring, 30-probe fixing pin, 31-focus adjustment slider, 32-guide rail, 33-probe holder.

[0019] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0021] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "lateral," "longitudinal," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used solely for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] This invention proposes a water-lubricated ring block test bench.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 5 In this preferred embodiment, a water-lubricated ring block test bench includes an ultrasonic in-situ wear measuring device, a bench base 2, a vertical force sensor 3, a horizontal force sensor 4, a measuring device holder 5, a water tank 11, and a loading mechanism 1. The water tank 11 is installed in the internal cavity of the bench base 2 to hold a steel ring 6 (for friction with a test block 24). The ultrasonic in-situ wear measuring device is externally fitted with a measuring device holder 5 to support it within the internal cavity of the bench base 2. The upper part of the ultrasonic in-situ wear measuring device is connected to the loading mechanism 1 via the vertical force sensor 3, and the measuring device holder 5 is connected to the horizontal force sensor 4. The ultrasonic in-situ wear measuring device is located above the steel ring 6, and the test block 24 mounted on it is used for friction with the steel ring 6. (Refer to...) Figure 2 This in-situ ultrasonic wear measurement device includes a loading rod, a probe holding mechanism, and a test block holding mechanism. The loading rod has a hollow channel inside for inserting the immersion probe 27. The side wall of the loading rod has a vertical groove and a water inlet 22 communicating with the hollow channel. The probe holding mechanism includes a probe holder 33 housed inside the hollow channel and fitted over the immersion probe 27, and a focus adjustment slider 31 fixedly connected to the probe holder 33. One end of the focus adjustment slider 31 is inserted into the vertical groove and fixedly connected to the probe holder 33. The focus adjustment slider 31 can be fixed to the loading rod and can move vertically along the vertical groove to adjust the focus of the immersion probe 27. The test block holding mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the loading rod and used to fix the test block 24. The water inlet 22 is positioned between the test block 24 and the bottom of the immersion probe 27.

[0024] Reference Figure 1A rotating shaft 10 is installed in the water tank 11, and a steel ring 6 is installed on the rotating shaft 10. The two sides of the steel ring 6 are a front retainer 25 and a rear retainer 19, respectively. The front retainer 25 and the rear retainer 19 are fixed to the rotating shaft 10 by fixing pins. The front retainer 25 and the rear retainer 19 are fixed in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10, thus limiting the test block 24 and the steel ring 6 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 10.

[0025] In this embodiment, the loading mechanism 1 can be a servo stepper motor. A vertical force sensor 3 is connected between the output shaft of the loading mechanism 1 and the telescopic sleeve 7. A spring is installed inside the telescopic sleeve 7 to enable its telescopicity.

[0026] Specifically, refer to Figure 2 The focus adjustment slider 31 is equipped with two focus adjustment slider fixing pin holes 20. The focus adjustment slider 31 is used to insert the probe fixing pin 30, thus fixing the focus adjustment slider 31 to the loading rod. Additionally, the focus adjustment slider 31 is also equipped with a probe fixing pin hole 21. The probe fixing pin hole 21 is used to insert the probe fixing pin 30, thus fixing the immersion probe 27 and the probe holder 33. After the focus of the immersion probe 27 is adjusted, the probe holder 33 needs to be fixed. This is achieved indirectly by using the focus adjustment slider 31 and the loading rod to fix the probe holder 33.

[0027] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 2 The loading rod comprises a lower loading rod 17, an upper loading rod 15, and an upper cover plate 12, which are detachably connected in sequence. Both the lower loading rod 17 and the upper loading rod 15 have through holes to form hollow channels. A vertical groove is located on the side wall of the upper loading rod 15, and a water inlet 22 is located on the side wall of the lower loading rod 17. The upper cover plate 12 can be a nut. The lower loading rod 17, the upper loading rod 15, and the upper cover plate 12 can be connected by threads to simplify the installation and disassembly process. The upper loading rod 15 has an external thread machined at its upper end. This external thread mates with the inner thread of the nut. The upper loading rod 15 has an internal thread machined at its lower end. This internal thread mates with the outer thread of the upper end of the lower loading rod 17.

[0028] The upper loading rod 15 and the lower loading rod 17 are machined with coaxial through holes to form a hollow channel. The design of the through holes ensures that the water immersion probe 27 can move freely vertically within it.

[0029] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 The diameter of the hollow channel inside the lower loading rod 17 is smaller than the diameter of the hollow channel inside the upper loading rod 15; or, refer to Figure 2 The outer wall of the upper loading rod 15 is provided with scale lines 16 corresponding to the vertical groove (thereby achieving precise axial displacement control).

[0030] The scale line 16 allows the user to easily adjust the focal length of the immersion probe 27. When the immersion probe 27 is at the bottom of the hollow channel, the focal length adjustment slider 31 corresponds to the 0 mark.

[0031] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 3 The lower loading rod 17 has multiple water inlets 22 evenly arranged around its circumference (six are used as an example in this embodiment). The water inlets 22 are located between the bottom of the test block 24 and the water immersion probe 27. The upper loading rod 15 has an outlet 13 on its side wall that communicates with its internal hollow channel. The probe signal line 14 of the water immersion probe 27 is led out through the outlet 13, which ensures the transmission of ultrasonic signals without affecting the application of vertical force.

[0032] Multiple water inlets 22 are equidistantly distributed along the circumference of the lower loading rod 17, and their function is to ensure the effective formation of the coupling water layer required for the operation of the immersion probe 27. This structural design can also utilize the principle of atmospheric pressure difference to achieve automatic water intake or expulsion during the focusing process of the immersion probe 27.

[0033] Furthermore, referring to Figure 4 A guide rail 32 protrudes from the inner wall of the hollow channel of the upper loading rod 15. The outer shape of the probe holder 33 is adapted to the guide rail 32 to guide the vertical movement of the probe holder 33. The guide rail 32 ensures that the probe holder 33 moves strictly along the vertical axis of the upper loading rod 15.

[0034] Furthermore, referring to Figures 2 to 4 The probe holder 33 has multiple protruding ribs 26 on its top surface, and the end faces of the ribs 26 are used to abut against the outer wall of the water immersion probe 27; or, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The inner ring side of the probe holder 33 is provided with a sealing groove, and a sealing ring 29 is accommodated in the sealing groove. The sealing ring 29 fits against the outer wall of the water immersion probe 27 to achieve a sealed connection between the probe holder 33 and the water immersion probe 27.

[0035] In this embodiment, by providing the rib plate 26, the verticality of the probe holder 33 is effectively ensured when it moves axially. Maintaining verticality ensures that the ultrasonic signal is incident perpendicularly, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0036] A sealing groove is provided on the inner ring side of the probe holder 33 to prevent water from contacting the signal line interface on the back of the water-immersed probe 27 when the test bench is in operation.

[0037] Specifically, the test block holding mechanism includes a test block holder 18 detachably connected to the bottom end of the loading rod, which is used to fix the test block 24. In this embodiment, the lower half of the lower loading rod 17 fixes the test block holder 18 with a fixing pin (through the test block holder fixing pin 23). The test block 24 is also fixed to the test block holder 18 with a fixing pin (through the test block fixing pin 28). This double fixing pin design ensures that the test block 24 will not jump during the friction process.

[0038] In this embodiment, the probe holder 33 and the focus adjustment slider 31 are integrally formed. This integral forming facilitates both manufacturing and overall movement. The experimenter can directly adjust the vertical position of the probe holder 33 by controlling the displacement of the focus adjustment slider 31. This operation can be performed while the water-lubricated ring block test bench is running, achieving precise focusing of the water-immersed probe 27 without affecting the normal operation of the water-lubricated ring block test bench.

[0039] The working process of this water-lubricated ring block test bench is as follows.

[0040] I. Installation of the Wear Ultrasonic In-situ Measurement Device 1.1 Install test block 24 The test block 24, made of composite material, is placed horizontally into the test block holder 18, and the test block fixing pin 28 is tightened to fix the test block 24. Then, the test block holder 18 is installed to the bottom end of the lower loading rod 17 in the same way.

[0041] 1.2 Install the probe holder 33 A sealing ring 29 is placed in the sealing groove inside the probe holder 33, and the probe holder 33 is installed into the upper loading rod 15 along the guide rail 32. Due to gravity, the probe holder 33 automatically slides down to the bottom of the upper loading rod 15. At this time, the focus adjustment slider 31 is aligned with the zero position of the scale.

[0042] 1.3 Install water immersion probe 27 Insert the water immersion probe 27, which has been connected to the probe signal line 14, vertically into the probe holder 33 along the direction of the rib plate 26. Gently press the water immersion probe 27 so that its lower end face is in complete contact with the upper surface of the test block 24. Tighten the probe fixing pin 30 to fix the water immersion probe 27. At this time, the distance between the water immersion probe 27 and the test block 24 is zero, and the focus adjustment slider 31 is at the zero mark.

[0043] 1.4 Assemble the loading rod After installing the upper cover plate 12 of the loading rod, tighten the upper loading rod 15 and the lower loading rod 17 to complete the main assembly of the measuring device.

[0044] 1.5 Assembled Water-Lubricated Ring Block Test Bench After the wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device is assembled, place the assembled wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device on the measuring device holder 5; install the telescopic sleeve 7 on the top of the device; connect the vertical force sensor 3 and the horizontal force sensor 4, and fill the water tank 11 with water until the water level exceeds the height of the water inlet 22 of the lower loading rod 17.

[0045] II. Pre-experimental treatment 2.1 Formation of coupled water layer Initially, the lower end face of the immersion probe 27 is in zero-gap contact with the upper surface of the test block 24. At this time, the oscilloscope displays only a single waveform, namely the probe's initial wave and the superimposed echoes from the upper and lower interfaces of the test block 24. By slowly moving the focus adjustment slider 31 upward, the atmospheric pressure difference drives water to flow through the inlet 22 of the lower loading rod 17 into its internal hollow channel, and the coupled water layer thickens accordingly. During this process, the superimposed echoes gradually separate. When the echoes from the upper and lower interfaces of the test block 24 present clear and independent waveforms, the focus adjustment slider 31 is stopped, and the focus adjustment slider 31 is fixed to the upper loading rod 15.

[0046] 2.2 Water immersion probe 27 focus Figure 6 This is a simplified diagram illustrating the principle of the water immersion probe 27 focusing inside the test block 24 through the coupling water layer. The ultrasound travels a certain distance through the focusing probe to reach the water-test block interface. However, due to the difference in sound velocity between water and the composite material, refraction occurs according to Fresnel's law, causing the ultrasound waves to focus prematurely inside the composite material. The new focal length... F’ Focal length of the immersion probe 27 in water F The relationship between them is:

[0047] in, c 2 represents the sound velocity of ultrasound on composite material specimen 24. c 1 represents the speed of sound in water, approximately 1480 m / s; L The new focal distance is the distance from the upper surface of test block 24.

[0048] In this ultrasonic in-situ wear measurement device, to accurately reflect the wear information of the friction pair surface, the ultrasonic focal point should be located at the contact interface between the test block 24 and the steel ring 6. This means the distance from the new focal point to the upper surface of the test block 24 is... L It must be equal to the thickness value of test block 24. c The value for 2 is provided by the manufacturer of test block 24. The focal length value of the water immersion probe 27. FProvided by the manufacturer in the instruction manual. After calculating the target distance from the lower surface of the immersion probe 27 to the upper surface of the test block 24 based on the aforementioned parameters, the experimenter adjusts the displacement of the focus adjustment slider 31 and moves the probe holder 33 to the target position by referring to the scale line 16 on the surface of the upper loading rod 15. Subsequently, the fixing pin is inserted into the fixing pin hole 20 of the focus adjustment slider and tightened, thereby fixing the probe holder 33 on the upper loading rod 15, thus completing the acoustic focus calibration of the immersion probe 27.

[0049] III. Basic Principles of Wear Measurement 3.1 Obtaining echoes from the upper and lower surfaces of test block 24 Typical ultrasonic echo signals during the measurement process of this device are as follows: Figure 7 As shown. Figure 7 In the diagram, P0 represents the probe's initial wave signal, P1 corresponds to the reflected wave from the interface between the water medium and the upper part of the composite material specimen 24, and P2 is the reflected wave from the interface of the ring-block friction pair. During continuous measurement, as the lower interface of the specimen 24 continues to wear, the position of the P2 echo will gradually shift towards the P1 direction.

[0050] 3.2 Acquisition of Wear The essence of wear is to identify the thickness change of the friction pair measurement points of the composite material specimen 24 before and after wear. Based on the time-frequency signal of the wear process obtained in Section 2.1, under the condition of a fixed sampling frequency, the time interval between adjacent points of the discrete signal is equal to the sampling period ΔT, which corresponds to the ultrasonic propagation time increment. By identifying the position of the sequence point with the maximum absolute amplitude of signals P1 and P2, the number of sampling intervals N between the two points is calculated, and the propagation time t of the ultrasonic wave from the upper interface of specimen 24 to the friction pair is t=NΔT. Combining the sound velocity c of the composite material specimen 24 obtained in Section 2.2, the real-time thickness value of specimen 24 is calculated according to the formula d=c×t / 2. Finally, the wear amount δ is obtained from the thickness difference at different times, i.e., δ=dt1 dt2.

[0051] The water-lubricated ring block test bench proposed in this invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) In-situ high-precision ultrasonic measurement of wear of water-lubricated ring-block test bench is realized: By integrating the ultrasonic water immersion probe 27 with the loading rod, and based on the ultrasonic reflection principle, the measuring device can monitor the wear of the friction pair contact area of ​​water-lubricated composite material in real time and online without interrupting the test or disassembling the test block 24 during test operation, which significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of the ring-block water-lubricated ring-block test bench in evaluating the tribological properties of water-lubricated composite material; (2) Ensuring the stability of the coupling water layer during measurement: This design utilizes the guide rail 32 and the ultrasonic probe holder 33 to form a self-sealing coupling water tank. This water tank achieves adaptive water supply and water level stability through the principle of atmospheric pressure difference: at the same time, during the movement of the ultrasonic probe, the external atmospheric pressure continues to act, ensuring that the coupling water layer in the water tank remains full, thereby effectively maintaining the water environment of the probe and the test block 24. This design significantly improves the stability of the device when focusing the probe 27 in water immersion; (3) A probe adjustment mechanism with precise focusing is provided: the probe holder 33 and the focus adjustment slider 31, designed based on the slider principle of the guide rail 32, together with the scale line 16 and the fixing pin hole, not only ensure the vertical incidence of the ultrasonic signal, but also precisely adjust the thickness of the coupling water layer according to the physical properties (sound velocity, thickness) of the test block 24, so that the focus is always focused on the contact interface of the friction pair, improving the amplitude of the reflected signal and the signal-to-noise ratio, thereby more reliably evaluating and improving the friction performance of the composite material.

[0052] The present invention also proposes an ultrasonic in-situ measurement device for wear.

[0053] In this preferred embodiment, an in-situ ultrasonic wear measurement device includes a loading rod, a probe holding mechanism, and a test block holding mechanism, wherein... The loading rod has a hollow channel inside for inserting the water immersion probe 27. The side wall of the loading rod has a vertical groove and a water inlet 22 communicating with the hollow channel inside. The probe holding mechanism includes a probe holder 33 housed inside the hollow channel and used to fit around the water immersion probe 27, and a focus adjustment slider 31 fixedly connected to the probe holder 33. One end of the focus adjustment slider 31 is inserted into the vertical groove and fixedly connected to the probe holder 33. The focus adjustment slider 31 can be fixed on the loading rod. The focus adjustment slider 31 can move vertically along the vertical groove to adjust the focus of the water immersion probe 27. The test block holding mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the loading rod and used to fix the test block 24.

[0054] The vertical slot provides the necessary assembly space for the focus adjustment slider 31 without affecting the guiding function of the guide rail 32.

[0055] Specifically, the focus adjustment slider 31 is equipped with two focus adjustment slider fixing pin holes 20. The focus adjustment slider 31 is used to insert fixing pins to fix the focus adjustment slider 31 to the loading rod. The focus adjustment slider 31 is also equipped with a probe fixing pin hole 21. The probe fixing pin hole 21 is used to insert the probe fixing pin 30 to fix the water immersion probe 27 and the probe holder 33.

[0056] In this embodiment, the loading rod includes a lower loading rod 17, an upper loading rod 15, and an upper cover plate 12 that are detachably connected in sequence. Both the lower loading rod 17 and the upper loading rod 15 have through holes to form hollow channels. A vertical groove is located on the side wall of the vertical groove, and the water inlet 22 is located on the side wall of the lower loading rod. The upper cover plate 12 can be a nut, and the lower loading rod 17, the upper loading rod 15, and the upper cover plate 12 can be connected by threads to simplify the installation and disassembly process.

[0057] The upper loading rod 15 and the lower loading rod 17 are machined with coaxial through holes to form a hollow channel. The through hole design ensures that the water immersion probe 27 can move freely vertically within it.

[0058] Specifically, the diameter of the hollow channel inside the lower loading rod 17 is smaller than the diameter of the hollow channel inside the upper loading rod 15; or, the outer wall of the upper loading rod 15 is provided with a scale corresponding to the vertical groove (thereby achieving precise axial displacement control).

[0059] A setting scale is provided to facilitate user adjustment of the focus. Specifically, when the water immersion probe 27 is at the bottom of the hollow channel, the focus adjustment slider 31 is set to 0.

[0060] In this embodiment, multiple water inlets 22 are evenly arranged circumferentially on the lower loading rod 17 (six are used as an example in this embodiment). The water inlets 22 are located between the probe holding mechanism and the bottom of the water immersion probe 27. The upper loading rod 15 has a cable outlet 13 on its side wall that communicates with its internal hollow channel. The cable of the water immersion probe 27 is led out through the cable outlet 13, which ensures the transmission of ultrasonic signals on the one hand, and does not affect the application of vertical force on the other.

[0061] These inlets 22 are equidistantly distributed circumferentially, and their function is to ensure the effective formation of the coupling water layer required for the operation of the immersion probe 27. This structural design can also utilize the principle of atmospheric pressure difference to achieve automatic water intake or expulsion during the focusing process of the immersion probe 27.

[0062] Furthermore, a guide rail 32 protrudes from the inner wall of the hollow channel of the upper loading rod 15, and the outer shape of the probe holder 33 is adapted to the guide rail 32 to guide the vertical movement of the probe holder 33. The guide rail 32 ensures that the probe holder 33 moves strictly along the vertical axis of the upper loading rod 15.

[0063] Furthermore, a plurality of ribs 26 are protruding from the top surface of the probe holder 33, and the end faces of the ribs 26 are used to abut against the outer side wall of the water immersion probe 27; or, a sealing groove is provided on the inner ring side of the probe holder 33, and a sealing ring 29 is accommodated in the sealing groove. The sealing ring 29 fits against the outer side wall of the water immersion probe 27 to achieve a sealed connection between the probe holder 33 and the water immersion probe 27.

[0064] By incorporating rib 26, the verticality of the probe holder 33 is effectively ensured during axial displacement. Maintaining verticality ensures that the ultrasonic signal is incident perpendicularly, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0065] A sealing groove is provided on the inner ring side of the probe holder 33 to prevent water from contacting the signal line interface on the back of the water-immersed probe 27 when the test bench is in operation.

[0066] Specifically, the test block holding mechanism includes a test block holder 18 detachably connected to the bottom end of the loading rod, which is used to fix the test block 24. In this embodiment, the lower half of the lower loading rod 17 fixes the test block holder 18 with a fixing pin. The test block 24 is also fixed to the test block holder 18 using a fixing pin connection. This double fixing pin design ensures that the test block 24 will not jump during the friction process.

[0067] In this embodiment, the probe holder 33 and the focus adjustment slider 31 are integrally formed. This facilitates both manufacturing and overall movement. The experimenter can directly adjust the vertical position of the probe holder 33 by controlling the displacement of the focus adjustment slider 31. This operation can be performed while the ring-block water-lubricated ring-block test bench is running, achieving precise focusing of the water-immersed probe 27 without affecting the normal operation of the water-lubricated ring-block test bench.

[0068] The present invention also proposes an experimental method for a water-lubricated ring block test bench.

[0069] In this preferred embodiment, a testing method based on the above-mentioned water-lubricated ring block test bench includes the following steps: Step S10: Install the test block 24 on the test block holding mechanism, install the water immersion probe 27 and probe holding mechanism inside the loading rod, and install the wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device after installation on the measuring device holding frame 5 of the water lubrication ring block test bench. The water level of the water tank 11 inside the control frame base 2 is higher than the height of the water inlet 22 on the loading rod. Step S20: Control the focus adjustment slider 31 to move upward relative to the vertical groove of the loading rod, so that the distance between the water immersion probe 27 and the test block 24 gradually increases. When the echoes at the upper and lower interfaces of the test block 24 show clear and independent waveforms, fix the focus adjustment slider 31 and the loading rod. In step S30, the rotating shaft 10 in the water tank 11 of the control frame base 2 rotates to drive the steel ring 6 on it to move. The steel ring 6 and the test block 24 below the test block holding mechanism rub against each other, and the measurement data of the water immersion probe 27, the vertical force sensor 3 and the horizontal force sensor 4 are recorded.

[0070] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the description and drawings of the present invention, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device, characterized in that, It includes a loading rod, a probe holding mechanism, and a test block holding mechanism, among which, The loading rod has a hollow channel inside for inserting a water immersion probe. The side wall of the loading rod has a vertical groove and a water inlet communicating with the hollow channel. The probe holding mechanism includes a probe holder housed inside the hollow channel and used to fit over the water immersion probe, and a focus adjustment slider fixedly connected to the probe holder. One end of the focus adjustment slider is inserted into the vertical groove and fixedly connected to the probe holder. The focus adjustment slider can be fixed on the loading rod and can move vertically along the vertical groove to adjust the focus of the water immersion probe. The test block holding mechanism is fixed to the bottom of the loading rod and used to fix the test block.

2. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The loading rod includes a lower loading rod, an upper loading rod, and an upper cover plate that are detachably connected in sequence. Both the lower and upper loading rods have through holes to form the hollow channel. The vertical groove is located on the side wall of the upper loading rod, and the water inlet is located on the side wall of the lower loading rod.

3. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The diameter of the hollow channel inside the lower loading rod is smaller than the diameter of the hollow channel inside the upper loading rod; or, the outer wall of the upper loading rod is provided with scale lines corresponding to the vertical groove.

4. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The lower loading rod has multiple water inlets evenly arranged around its circumference, and the water inlets are located between the bottom of the test block and the water immersion probe; the upper loading rod has an outlet on its side wall that communicates with its internal hollow channel.

5. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the hollow channel of the upper loading rod is provided with a guide rail, and the outer shape of the probe holder is adapted to the guide rail to guide the vertical movement of the probe holder.

6. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The probe holder has multiple ribs protruding from its top surface, and the end faces of the ribs are used to abut against the outer wall of the immersion probe; or, the inner ring side of the probe holder has a sealing groove, and a sealing ring is accommodated in the sealing groove. The sealing ring fits against the outer wall of the immersion probe to achieve a sealed connection between the probe holder and the immersion probe.

7. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The test block holding mechanism includes a test block holder that is detachably connected to the bottom end of the loading rod, and the test block holder is used to fix the test block.

8. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measurement device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The probe holder and the focus adjustment slider are integrally formed.

9. A water-lubricated ring block test bench, characterized in that, The wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 further includes a bench base, a vertical force sensor, a horizontal force sensor, a measuring device holder, a water tank, and a loading mechanism. The water tank is installed in the internal cavity of the bench base. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device is externally fitted with a measuring device holder to support it in the internal cavity of the bench base. The upper part of the wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device is connected to the loading mechanism through the vertical force sensor, and the measuring device holder is connected to the horizontal force sensor.

10. A testing method based on the water-lubricated ring block test bench according to claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The test block is installed on the test block holding mechanism, and the water immersion probe and probe holding mechanism are installed inside the loading rod. The wear ultrasonic in-situ measuring device after installation is installed on the measuring device holding frame of the water lubricated ring block test bench. The water level in the water tank inside the control frame base is higher than the height of the water inlet on the loading rod. The focus adjustment slider is controlled to move upward relative to the vertical groove of the loading rod, so that the distance between the water immersion probe and the test block gradually increases. When the echoes at the upper and lower interfaces of the test block show clear and independent waveforms, the focus adjustment slider and the loading rod are fixed. The rotating shaft in the water tank of the control frame rotates to drive the steel ring on it to move. The steel ring and the test block below the test block holding mechanism rub against each other, and the measurement data of the water immersion probe, vertical force sensor and horizontal force sensor are recorded.

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