Battery module, battery pack including same, and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention relates to a battery module accommodated in a pack case, the battery module comprising: a plurality of battery cells; and a module case accommodating the plurality of battery cells in an internal space and having a protrusion configured to protrude outward toward an inner surface of the pack case.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a battery module, a battery pack including the battery module, and a vehicle. Specifically, this disclosure relates to a battery module capable of suppressing heat propagation within the battery module, a battery pack including the battery module, and a vehicle.

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0049116 filed with Korean Intellectual Property on April 12, 2024, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Background Technology

[0003] Secondary batteries, which offer high adaptability across different product categories and possess electrical properties such as high energy density, are widely used not only in portable devices but also in electric vehicles (EVs) or hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) powered by electric sources. Such secondary batteries are attracting attention not only for their major advantage of significantly reducing fossil fuel consumption but also because they do not produce byproducts from energy use, thus serving as a new energy source for enhancing environmental sustainability and energy efficiency.

[0004] Currently widely used rechargeable batteries include lithium-ion batteries, lithium polymer batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, and nickel-zinc batteries. When a high output voltage is required, multiple battery cells can be connected in series to form a battery module or battery pack. Furthermore, to increase charging / discharging capacity, multiple battery cells can be connected in parallel to form a battery module or battery pack. Therefore, the number of battery cells included in a battery module or battery pack can be configured differently depending on the required output voltage or charging / discharging capacity.

[0005] Furthermore, because battery cells involve chemical reactions during charging and discharging, their performance may degrade when used in environments exceeding suitable temperatures. Additionally, if thermal control is not properly maintained at the appropriate temperature, there remains a potential risk of accidental fire or explosion. Moreover, battery modules are configured with battery cells densely stored within a module housing. Therefore, if a thermal event occurs in any battery cell, the high-temperature gases and flames emitted from them could propagate to adjacent battery cells, leading to a chain reaction that could cause a battery cell explosion, posing a significant safety risk.

[0006] Therefore, there is a need to develop a structure that can suppress and delay heat propagation by more reliably separating battery cells, so that even if a thermal event occurs in some battery cells inside the battery module, it can prevent gas or flame from spreading to other battery cells inside the battery module and causing thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Technical issues

[0008] This disclosure aims to address the problems in the related technology, and therefore aims to provide a battery module that can effectively prevent or delay the propagation of thermal runaway between battery cells by reliably separating the battery cells.

[0009] This disclosure also provides a battery pack and a vehicle that include such a battery module.

[0010] However, the technical problems to be solved by this disclosure are not limited to those described above, and those skilled in the art will clearly understand from the following description of the invention that are not mentioned above.

[0011] Technical solution

[0012] In one aspect of this disclosure, a battery module is provided, the battery module being stored in a battery pack housing, and the battery module may include: a plurality of battery cells; and a module housing configured to store the plurality of battery cells in an internal space and having protrusions projecting outward toward an inner surface of the battery pack housing.

[0013] The protrusion can be configured to separate the space between the module housing and the battery pack housing.

[0014] The battery module may further include a barrier member configured to block the flow of heat or fluid between the battery cells in the internal space of the module housing.

[0015] The blocking member can be configured such that the end of the blocking member contacts the inner surface of the module housing.

[0016] The protrusion may be configured to have an internal space formed thereon, and the blocking member may be configured such that an end of the blocking member is inserted into the internal space of the protrusion.

[0017] The protrusion can be configured to contact the inner surface of the battery pack housing.

[0018] The protrusion can be configured such that at least a portion of the protrusion can be inserted into the inner surface of the battery pack housing.

[0019] The battery pack housing may include a support member configured to project inward from the inner surface, and the projection may be configured to partially overlap with the support member.

[0020] Multiple vent holes may be formed on the upper surface of the module housing, the multiple vent holes being configured to discharge exhaust gases generated from the battery cell to the outside, and the protrusion may be located between the multiple vent holes.

[0021] The protrusion can be configured to extend along the longitudinal direction of the battery cell.

[0022] Multiple protrusions can be spaced apart from each other, and exhaust paths can be formed between adjacent protrusions.

[0023] The battery module may also include a cover member disposed between adjacent protrusions and configured to be openable by exhaust gas within the exhaust path.

[0024] In another aspect of this disclosure, a battery pack is provided, the battery pack including a battery module according to this disclosure.

[0025] In another aspect of this disclosure, a vehicle is provided that includes a battery pack according to this disclosure.

[0026] In another aspect of this disclosure, a battery pack is provided, the battery pack comprising: a battery pack housing having a storage space formed therein; and a battery module stored in the storage space of the battery pack housing, the battery module including a plurality of battery cells and a module housing configured to store the plurality of battery cells, and the module housing may include protrusions configured to project outward toward an inner surface of the battery pack housing.

[0027] Additionally, in the battery pack according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the battery module may further include a blocking member configured to block the flow of heat or fluid between the battery cells in the internal space of the module housing, and having an end inserted into the internal space of the protrusion.

[0028] Additionally, in a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the protrusion may be configured to contact the inner surface of the battery pack housing.

[0029] Beneficial effects

[0030] According to one aspect of this disclosure, the exhaust path can be reliably separated and isolated outside the module housing by protrusions in the module housing. Therefore, according to the above aspects of this disclosure, the movement of high-temperature gas or flames emitted into the space outside the module housing along the stacking direction of the battery cells can be suppressed.

[0031] In other words, according to the above aspects of this disclosure, even if a thermal event occurs in some battery cells within the battery module, the spread of gas or flame to other battery cells in the battery module and the resulting thermal runaway can be effectively prevented or delayed. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the battery module can be ensured.

[0032] Furthermore, according to another aspect of this disclosure, it is possible to suppress the return of high-temperature gases or flames emitted to the outside of the battery module to the battery module.

[0033] In addition, according to another aspect of this disclosure, events such as fires or explosions caused by thermal runaway in a battery pack comprising multiple battery modules or a device equipped with multiple battery modules can be prevented or delayed.

[0034] In addition, this disclosure may have various other effects, which will be described in the various embodiments, or descriptions of effects that can be readily deduced by those skilled in the art will be omitted. Attached Figure Description

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate preferred embodiments of the present disclosure and are intended to provide a further understanding of the technical features of the present disclosure together with the foregoing disclosure; therefore, the present disclosure is not to be construed as limited to the drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 This is an overall perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 2 This is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may be, for example, along... Figure 1 The cross-sectional view taken from line I-I' in the diagram.

[0039] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The image shows an enlarged view of part A and illustrates the movement of gases, etc., during thermal runaway of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the state in which the top plate included in the battery module is separated according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating a protrusion included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating a protrusion included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating a protrusion included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 9This is a top perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing the exhaust path of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 10 and Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating a cover member included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 12 This is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 13 This is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 14 This is a plan view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, which shows the movement of gases, etc., during thermal runaway of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Before the description, it should be understood that the terminology used in the specification and appended claims should not be construed as limited to its general and dictionary meaning, but should be interpreted according to the meaning and concept corresponding to the technical aspects of this disclosure, based on the principle that the inventors are allowed to appropriately define terms for best interpretation.

[0051] Therefore, the description presented herein is merely a preferred example for illustrative purposes and does not represent the full scope of this disclosure. It should be understood that other equivalents and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the scope of this disclosure at the time of its submission.

[0052] Furthermore, this disclosure may include various embodiments. Redundant descriptions of substantially the same or similar configurations will be omitted from the various embodiments, and descriptions will be based on the differences between them.

[0053] Furthermore, although terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, front, and back are used in this specification, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains that these terms are merely for the purpose of explanation with reference to the accompanying drawings and may vary depending on the position of the target object or the observer's position.

[0054] For example, in the embodiments of this disclosure, the X-axis direction shown in the figure can represent the left-right direction, the Y-axis direction can represent the front-back direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction on the horizontal plane (XY plane), and the Z-axis direction can represent the up-down direction (vertical direction) that is perpendicular to both the X-axis and Y-axis directions.

[0055] Figure 1 This is an overall perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 2 This is an exploded perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, which may be, for example, along... Figure 1 The cross-sectional view taken by line I-I' in the diagram. Additionally, Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The image shows an enlarged view of part A and illustrates the movement of gases, etc., during thermal runaway of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] refer to Figures 1 to 4 The battery module 10 according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include battery cells 100 and a module housing 200. Furthermore, the battery module 10 according to embodiments of the present disclosure may be configured to be stored in a battery pack housing 2. The battery pack housing 2 may be configured to store the battery module 10 from the outside.

[0057] Multiple battery cells 100 can be provided. The multiple battery cells 100 can be arranged to be stacked in one direction. For example, as... Figure 2 As shown, multiple battery cells 100 can be stacked along the left-right direction (X-axis direction).

[0058] The battery cell 100 may include an electrode assembly and a cell housing for storing the electrode assembly. The cell housing stores the electrode assembly in a receiving portion, and the edges of the receiving portion may be heat-fused to form a sealed portion. The sealed portion may be disposed on three of the four edges of the battery cell 100.

[0059] Furthermore, each of the plurality of battery cells 100 may have an electrode lead 110. The electrode lead 110 may be connected to an electrode assembly and may extend to the outside of the cell housing to serve as an electrode terminal.

[0060] A pair of electrode leads 110 may be provided, and the pair of electrode leads 110 may extend outward from both ends of the battery cell 100, for example, in the longitudinal direction (±Y-axis direction). In this case, the pair of electrode leads 110 may be a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead. The battery cell 100 may be configured such that the two electrode leads 110 are located only at one end in the Y-axis direction, for example, at one end in the +Y-axis direction, as needed.

[0061] This disclosure is not limited to a particular type or shape of battery cell 100, but can be applied to various battery cells 100 known at the time of filing of this disclosure. In this embodiment, although a high-energy-density and easily stackable pouch-type secondary battery will be described as shown, it will be apparent that cylindrical or prismatic secondary batteries can also be applied to the battery cell 100.

[0062] refer to Figure 2 The battery module 10 of this disclosure may further include a busbar frame assembly 400. The busbar frame assembly 400 may be configured to cover at least one side of the plurality of battery cells 100. In this embodiment, as... Figure 2 As shown, the busbar frame assembly 400 can be connected to the front and rear sides of multiple battery cells 100.

[0063] The busbar frame assembly 400 may include a busbar frame 410 and a plurality of busbars 420. The busbar frame 410 may be configured to substantially connect to the front and rear sides of a plurality of battery cells 100. The busbar frame 410 may have a slit through which the electrode leads 110 of the battery cells 100 extend outward in a +Y-axis or -Y-axis direction. Furthermore, the busbar frame 410 may be formed of an electrically insulating material (such as a plastic material) and configured such that the busbars 420 can be attached to an outer surface.

[0064] As a device for connecting battery cells 100 in series and / or parallel, multiple busbars 420 can be formed of a metallic material (such as copper, aluminum, nickel, etc.) and can be configured in a strip shape. The electrode leads 110 of the battery cells 100 can extend through the slits of the busbar frame 410 to the outside of the busbar frame 410, and the extended portions can be attached to the surface of the busbars 420 by welding or the like.

[0065] The module housing 200 can be configured to store a plurality of battery cells 100. Specifically, the module housing 200 can be configured to have an internal space formed therein and to store the plurality of battery cells 100 in the internal space.

[0066] The module housing 200 can be configured as a rigid and heat-resistant metallic material to physically or chemically protect the stored battery cell 100.

[0067] Additionally, the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2 can be positioned on one side at a predetermined distance from each other. In this case, if a thermal event occurs in any of the battery cells 100, the emitted gas or flame may spread from the external space of the module housing 200 (i.e., the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2) to other adjacent battery cells 100.

[0068] Therefore, according to embodiments of this disclosure, a protrusion P can be provided in the module housing 200 of the battery module 10. The protrusion P can be provided on one surface of the module housing 200. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment, the protrusion P is provided on the upper surface of the module housing 200, but the position of the protrusion P is not limited to this.

[0069] The protrusion P can be configured to project at least partially outward from one surface of the module housing 200. The protrusion P can also be configured to project inward toward the interior of the battery pack housing 2. For example, as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As disclosed in the illustrated embodiment, the protrusion P can protrude upward from the upper surface of the module housing 200 toward the upper surface of the battery pack housing 2.

[0070] The protrusion P can be configured to attach to the outer surface of the module housing 200. Alternatively, the protrusion P can be integrally formed with the module housing 200 as part of the module housing 200.

[0071] The protrusion P can be located above and between adjacent battery cells 100. Therefore, the battery cells 100 can be separated and divided within the external space of the module housing 200. According to the above-implemented configuration of this disclosure, as... Figure 4 As indicated by the thick arrow, when a thermal event occurs in the battery cell 100, the propagation of emitted gases, flames, and / or particles across the protrusion P in the external space of the module housing 200 to adjacent battery cells 100 can be prevented. Therefore, the configuration implemented according to the present disclosure can effectively prevent or delay the propagation of thermal runaway between battery cells 100. Thus, the safety and reliability of the battery module 10 can be ensured.

[0072] Specifically, the protrusion P can be disposed in the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2. The protrusion P can be configured to separate the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2.

[0073] When a thermal event occurs in any of the battery cells 100, the emitted gas or flame may move toward the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2, and this emitted gas or flame may move along the stacking direction (left-right direction) of the battery cells 100 in the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2 and spread to adjacent battery cells 100. However, according to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, when a thermal event occurs in any of the battery cells 100, the spread of high-temperature emitted gas or flame along the stacking direction (left-right direction) of the battery cells 100 to adjacent battery cells 100 in the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2 can be suppressed.

[0074] In addition, refer to Figures 2 to 4 The battery module 10 according to embodiments of the present disclosure may further include a blocking member 300. The blocking member 300 may be disposed within the internal space of the module housing 200. The blocking member 300 may be disposed between the battery cells 100. At least one blocking member 300 may be included in a battery module 10. A plurality of blocking members 300 may be arranged along a direction in which the battery cells 100 are arranged. The blocking member 300 may be configured to target at least one battery cell 100.

[0075] Specifically, the blocking member 300 can be configured to separate multiple battery cells 100. The blocking member 300 can be configured to group the multiple battery cells 100. For example, as... Figure 3 As shown, a blocking member 300 can be provided for each group of three battery cells 100, thereby dividing the battery cells 100 into three groups.

[0076] The barrier member 300 can be configured to block heat generated during a thermal event inside the battery module 10. That is, the barrier member 300 can be configured to block heat or fluid from flowing between the battery cells 100. Here, the fluid may include exhaust gases, flames, particles, etc.

[0077] Therefore, the barrier member 300 can be made of a material with excellent heat resistance and / or fire resistance. Thus, the barrier member 300 can be configured to not deform even under high temperature and high pressure and to remain within the sealed structure. For example, the barrier member 300 can be configured as an insulating pad thinner than the battery cell 100. Alternatively, the barrier member 300 can be configured as a compressible pad formed of a material such as silicone resin or aerogel.

[0078] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, even if a thermal event occurs in any of the battery cells 100 grouped by the blocking member 300, the movement of exhaust gases, flames, and / or particles to other groups of battery cells 100 can be suppressed. Thermal runaway propagation between battery cells 100 can be effectively prevented or delayed. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the battery module 10 can be ensured.

[0079] Furthermore, according to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, the blocking member 300 can contribute to the structural rigidity of the battery cell 100 by compressing the battery cell 100 when it expands.

[0080] The blocking member 300 can be configured to extend further upward than the battery cell 100. The blocking member 300 can be configured to extend further upward than the receiving portion of the battery cell 100. That is, the vertical height of the blocking member 300 can be configured to be greater than the vertical height of the battery cell 100.

[0081] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, the blocking member 300 can more reliably separate and isolate the battery cell 100, thereby reliably blocking the movement of exhaust gas or flame within the module housing 200.

[0082] In this configuration, the blocking member 300 can be configured such that its end contacts the inner surface of the module housing 200. Specifically, the blocking member 300 can be configured such that its end contacts the inner surface of the protrusion P. That is, the protrusion P can be disposed on the blocking member 300, and the upper surface of the blocking member 300 can contact the protrusion P.

[0083] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, the gap between the blocking member 300 and the module housing 200 can be minimized, thereby reducing the space for exhaust gas to flow inside the module housing 200 and thus preventing thermal runaway from propagating to other adjacent battery cells 100.

[0084] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the state in which the top plate included in the battery module is separated according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0085] refer to Figure 5 As shown in the other accompanying drawings, the module housing 200 may include a housing body 210 and a top plate 220. The housing body 210 may be configured such that the battery cell 100 is disposed thereon. The housing body 210 may be made of a rigid and heat-resistant metallic material to physically or chemically protect the housed battery cell 100.

[0086] In this configuration, the housing body 210 may have an upper opening, a front opening, and a rear opening. For example, the housing body 210 may be configured as a U-shaped frame. When the housing body 210 is configured as a U-shaped frame, it may be arranged to cover the left, right, and lower sides of the plurality of battery cells 100. The housing body 210 may include a left plate and a right plate covering the left and right sides of the plurality of battery cells 100, and a lower plate covering the lower side of the plurality of battery cells 100. Furthermore, the left plate, right plate, and lower plate may be configured as a single unit.

[0087] The top plate 220 can be configured to form the upper side of the module housing 200. When the housing body 210 is configured as a U-shaped frame, the top plate 220 can be connected to cover the upper opening of the housing body 210. The top plate 220 can be welded to the housing body 210. In this case, the top plate 220 and the housing body 210 can be connected to each other to form a square tube with a front opening and a rear opening.

[0088] Additionally, refer to Figure 2As shown in the other accompanying drawings, the module housing 200 may include end plates 230 disposed on front and rear openings of the housing body 210. The end plates 230 may be welded to the housing body 210. Although not shown in the drawings for convenience, the end plates 230 may be configured such that, for example, the inner surface is made of an insulating material and the outer surface is made of a metallic material. Additionally, the end plates 230 may be partially provided with holes or slits for exposing components that need to be exposed to the outside, such as the positive and negative terminals or connectors of the battery module 10.

[0089] Furthermore, the module housing 200 can be formed in various other shapes. For example, the module housing 200 may include a box-shaped lower housing with an upper opening and an upper cover configured to cover the upper opening of the lower housing.

[0090] In this case, such as Figure 5 As disclosed in the illustrated embodiment, a protrusion P may be formed on the top plate 220. The protrusion P may be disposed on the upper surface of the top plate 220. High-temperature gases, such as exhaust gases or flames, generated from the battery cell 100 have a strong upward tendency and can propagate towards the empty space disposed above the battery cell 100. In this case, according to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, since the protrusion P is disposed above the battery cell 100, heat such as exhaust gases or flames can be minimized to prevent it from propagating towards other battery cells 100.

[0091] Specifically, the protrusion P can be configured to form an internal space. For example, the protrusion P can be formed by folding the top plate 220 multiple times. According to the configuration of the above implementation of this disclosure, since the protrusion P is set as part of the top plate 220, the process of joining the protrusion P to the top plate 220 can be omitted, and defects at the joint between the protrusion P and the top plate 220 can be minimized.

[0092] In this configuration, the blocking member 300 can be configured such that its end protrudes outward from the top plate 220. Furthermore, the blocking member 300 can be configured such that this end inserts into the internal space of the protrusion P. As a result, when the top plate 220 is attached to the housing body 310, the protrusion P can be naturally inserted into the protrusion P of the top plate 220. Therefore, assemblability is improved when assembling the battery module 10.

[0093] Furthermore, the upper end of the blocking member 300 can be in close contact with the inner surface of the protrusion P. According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, the sealing force between the end of the blocking member 300 and the protrusion P of the top plate 220 can be reliably ensured. Therefore, according to the configuration implemented above, the plurality of battery cells 100 can be more reliably separated not only in the internal space of the module housing 200 but also in the external space, thereby further improving the heat propagation prevention performance between the battery cells 100.

[0094] Furthermore, according to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, since the blocking member 300 is inserted into the protrusion P and supported from both sides, the fixing force between the blocking member 300 and the protrusion P can be further improved. Therefore, the arrangement of the blocking member 300 and the top plate 220 can be stably maintained.

[0095] In particular, the configuration implemented according to the present disclosure reduces the likelihood of heat transfer to another battery cell 100 due to the ejection of high-temperature, high-pressure exhaust gas or flame from the blocking member 300 or due to the deformation and bending of the blocking member 300 caused by the internal pressure of the exhaust gas. Therefore, when thermal runaway propagation occurs in the battery module 10, thermal runaway propagation between battery cells 100 can be effectively prevented or delayed.

[0096] Furthermore, according to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, the module housing 200 and the blocking member 300 can be arranged to overlap three times in the left-right direction. The module housing 200 (specifically, the top plate 220) is made of a metal material with high thermal conductivity (such as aluminum), so that heat can be transferred to the module housing 200 itself in the event of a thermal event. However, according to the configuration implemented above, since the end of the blocking member 300 is inserted into the protrusion P, the thermal insulation performance of the module housing 200 can be improved. Therefore, heat such as exhaust gases or flames can be suppressed or delayed from passing through the protrusion P and the blocking member 300 to the adjacent battery cell 100, thereby suppressing heat propagation through the module housing 200.

[0097] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating a protrusion included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0098] refer to Figure 6 The protrusion P can be configured to contact the inner surface of the battery pack housing 2. For example, the protrusion P can be configured such that its upper end contacts the upper inner surface of the battery pack housing 2. Therefore, the upper end of the protrusion P and the inner surface of the battery pack housing 2 can make surface-to-surface contact. Furthermore, the protrusion P can be supported on the inner surface of the battery pack housing 2.

[0099] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, since the gap between the protrusion P and the battery pack housing 2 can be minimized, the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2 can be more reliably partitioned and separated. Therefore, thermal runaway propagation to other adjacent battery cells 100 can be effectively prevented.

[0100] Furthermore, according to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, since the protrusion P is supported on the battery pack housing 2, deformation of the protrusion P due to high pressure such as exhaust gas or flame can be prevented. Therefore, the possibility of exhaust gas or flame being transmitted to other battery cells 100 due to deformation of the protrusion P caused by high temperature and high pressure exhaust gas or flame can be reduced.

[0101] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating a protrusion included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0102] refer to Figure 7 At least a portion of the protrusion P can be configured to be inserted into the inner surface of the battery pack housing 2. More specifically, the inner surface of the battery pack housing 2 can have a groove G formed by at least a portion that is recessed inward. The protrusion P can be inserted into the groove G.

[0103] In this configuration, the upper end of the blocking member 300 can be positioned in close contact with the groove G without any gaps. This ensures a stable seal between the protrusion P and the battery pack housing 2. Therefore, according to the configuration implemented above, exhaust gases or flames can be more reliably prevented from crossing the protrusion P and moving to adjacent battery cells 100. Consequently, according to the configuration implemented above, multiple battery cells 100 can be more reliably separated in the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2, thereby further improving the heat propagation prevention performance between the battery cells 100.

[0104] Furthermore, according to the above-described embodiment of this disclosure, since the protrusion P is inserted into the battery pack housing 2 and supported on both sides, the fixing force between the battery pack housing 2 and the protrusion P can be ensured. Thus, the arrangement of the protrusion P and the battery pack housing 2 can be stably maintained.

[0105] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating a protrusion included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0106] Reference Figure 8 The battery pack housing 2 may have a support F configured to protrude inward from the inner surface.

[0107] In this configuration, the protrusion P can be configured to partially overlap with the support F. More specifically, the protrusion P can be configured such that its side surface contacts the support F. That is, as... Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the protrusion P can be configured to partially overlap with the support F in the arrangement direction (left-right direction) of the protrusion P and / or the support F. The upper end of the protrusion P can be configured to contact the lower end surface of the support F.

[0108] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, the distance that the exhaust gas or flame must travel to overcome the protrusion P can be further increased. Therefore, when thermal runaway propagation occurs in the battery module 10, thermal runaway propagation between the battery cells 100 can be effectively prevented or delayed in the external space of the module housing 200.

[0109] Furthermore, according to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, since the protrusion P is supported by the support member F, the possibility of the protrusion P being pushed out by high-temperature and high-pressure exhaust gas or flame, or the protrusion P deforming or bending due to the internal pressure of the exhaust gas, can be reduced. Therefore, the mechanical stability or bonding strength of the battery module 10 can be ensured.

[0110] Figure 9 This is a top perspective view of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, showing the exhaust path of the battery module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0111] refer to Figure 9 Vent H can be formed in the module housing 200. Vent H can be configured to discharge exhaust gases generated in the battery cell 100 to the outside of the module housing 200.

[0112] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, the vent H can be formed on the upper surface of the module housing 200, i.e. the top plate 220, and can vent air in a directional manner toward the top of the battery module 10 through the vent H.

[0113] Multiple vent holes H can be provided at regular intervals in the horizontal direction (X-axis and Y-axis directions). The multiple vent holes H can be positioned between adjacent blocking members 300 among multiple blocking members 300 arranged in one direction.

[0114] In other words, the vent H can be positioned above one or more battery cells 100 disposed between adjacent blocking members 300. For example, as Figure 3 As shown, a blocking member 300 can be provided for each group of three battery cells 100, and multiple vent holes H can be formed above the battery cells 100 arranged in a row between the blocking members 300 along the longitudinal direction (Y-axis direction) of the battery cells 100.

[0115] As described above, the vent H provided in the top plate 220 can be configured to discharge gas or flame generated inside the battery module 10 to the outside of the battery module 10 in the event of thermal runaway. Therefore, the remaining portion of the module housing 200, except for the vent H, can remain closed, and gas or flame can be discharged in a straight line toward the vent H.

[0116] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, even if a thermal event occurs at any location of the battery cell 100, the gas or flame generated from the battery cell 100 can be discharged to the outside of the battery module 10 through a specific vent H provided above the battery cell 100, thereby achieving smooth venting.

[0117] In this configuration, the protrusion P can be positioned between the vent holes H. That is, the protrusion P can be positioned between adjacent vent holes H. Therefore, it can prevent gas or flame exiting from the vent hole H from moving to adjacent vent holes H.

[0118] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, exhaust gas discharged to the outside of the module housing 200 through the vent H can be prevented from flowing back into the module housing 200 through other adjacent vent Hs. Therefore, heat propagation between the battery cells 100 can be effectively suppressed or delayed.

[0119] Furthermore, the protrusion P can be configured to extend along one direction. For example, as... Figure 9 In the illustrated embodiment, the protrusion P can be configured to extend along the longitudinal direction of the battery cell 100. Additionally, the protrusion P can be configured to extend along the longitudinal direction (front-to-back direction) of the top plate 220. The protrusion P can be configured to separate a plurality of vent holes H.

[0120] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, the protrusion P can prevent exhaust gases and the like from moving from the outside of the module housing 200 along the stacking direction of the battery cells 100. In particular, it can suppress the movement of exhaust gases or flames across the protrusion P toward another adjacent exhaust port H. Therefore, heat propagation between the battery cells 100 can be effectively suppressed or delayed.

[0121] In addition, multiple protrusions P can be provided. The multiple protrusions P can be configured to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in the horizontal direction. For example, the multiple protrusions P can be configured to be spaced apart from each other along the direction (left-right direction) where the battery cell 100 is located.

[0122] In this configuration, an exhaust path S can be formed between adjacent protrusions P. The exhaust path S can be formed in the external space of the module housing 200. In this case, the exhaust path S can be defined as the space formed by the battery pack housing 2, the protrusions P, and the module housing 200. The exhaust path S can be configured to communicate with an exhaust port H. That is, fluids such as exhaust gases or flames discharged from the exhaust ports H grouped by the protrusions P can flow through the exhaust path S formed between the protrusions P.

[0123] In this configuration, multiple exhaust paths S can be formed, and the protrusion P can be configured to block fluids such as exhaust gases or flames from moving to another exhaust path S. According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, exhaust gases, etc., from exhaust paths S can flow through only one exhaust path S, instead of moving to other adjacent battery cells 100. Therefore, the movement of exhaust gases along the left-right direction (X-axis direction) between adjacent exhaust paths S with protrusion P disposed therebetween can be restricted.

[0124] The exhaust path S can be configured to extend in a front-to-back direction (e.g., the direction in which the protrusion P extends). Additionally, the protrusion P can be configured to guide fluid flow through the exhaust path S in at least one direction within the external space of the module housing 200.

[0125] More specifically, the exhaust path S can be configured to be open at both ends in the longitudinal direction. That is, as... Figure 9 As indicated by the arrows, exhaust gases can be discharged to both ends of the exhaust path S in the longitudinal direction. In this case, the protrusion P can guide the exhaust gases to flow towards both ends of the exhaust path S.

[0126] If the gas generated inside the battery module 10 is discharged in all directions, the time for discharging the gas may become longer, which could significantly reduce the safety of the battery module 10. However, according to the current configuration, since the exhaust path S is formed by the protrusion P, directional exhaust of the gas can be more effectively induced from the outside of the module housing 200. Therefore, according to the configuration implemented above according to this disclosure, the diffusion of fluids such as exhaust gases or flames can be minimized from the outside of the module housing 200 in all directions.

[0127] Figure 10 and Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating a cover member included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0128] According to the above embodiments, fluid (such as exhaust gas or flame) flowing through exhaust path S can be discharged from exhaust path S and can re-enter another exhaust path S. Therefore, as Figure 10 and Figure 11 The battery module 10, according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, may further include a cover member 500, as disclosed in the illustrated embodiment. The cover member 500 may be configured to prevent fluids such as exhaust gases or flames discharged from the exhaust path S from re-entering another exhaust path S.

[0129] More specifically, the cover member 500 can be disposed between adjacent protrusions P. That is, the cover member 500 can be disposed on at least one side of the exhaust path S. For example, as Figure 10As disclosed in the embodiment shown, the cover member 500 can be disposed on both sides of the exhaust path S between adjacent protrusions P.

[0130] The cover member 500 can be configured to open by exhaust gas within the exhaust path S. That is, the cover member 500 can be configured to open by the pressure of exhaust gas guided from the inside to the outside of the exhaust path S. Alternatively, the cover member 500 can be configured to open without the pressure of exhaust gas guided from the outside to the inside of the exhaust path S. Therefore, the cover member 500 can be configured to open only in one direction (i.e., from the inside to the outside).

[0131] As a more specific implementation method, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 In the illustrated embodiment, the cover member 500 may include an openable / closed portion 510 configured to cover the exhaust path S and be openable, and a hinge 520 configured to connect the openable / closed portion 510 and the protrusion P. The hinge 520 may be configured to be elastic. In this case, the elastic coefficient of the hinge 520 may be designed such that the openable / closed portion 510 is easily opened by the pressure of the exhaust gas or flame. Furthermore, the hinge 520 may be configured to rotate only in one direction.

[0132] Therefore, the hinge 520 can be rotated by the pressure of the exhaust gas or flame discharged into the exhaust path S through the vent holes H located between any protrusions P, allowing the opening / closing portion 510 to rotate outward. Thus, the exhaust gas or flame can be discharged to the outside of the exhaust path S. Furthermore, in other exhaust paths S, the exhaust gas or flame can be blocked by the cover member 500 from flowing in from the outside.

[0133] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 100, not only can the exhaust gas or flame in the exhaust path S above the battery cell 100 be smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery module 10, but the discharged exhaust gas or flame can also be prevented from flowing back into the battery module 10. Therefore, the propagation of thermal runaway can be effectively prevented or delayed by minimizing the heat propagation to adjacent battery cells 100.

[0134] refer to Figure 2 As shown in the other accompanying drawings, the battery module 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may also include a module cover 600.

[0135] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The module cover 600 can be configured to at least partially cover the module housing 300. For example, the module cover 600 can be configured to cover the top plate 220. The module cover 600 can be disposed on the exterior and / or interior of the module housing 300.

[0136] Specifically, the module cover 600 can be configured to cover the vent holes H. In this case, the module cover 600 can be configured as a sheet and placed on the upper surface of the battery cell 100. The module cover 600 can be configured to cover multiple vent holes H at once.

[0137] The module cover 600 can be configured to suppress the spread of exhaust gases or flames emitted during a thermal event inside the battery module 10 to another battery module 10. For this purpose, the module cover 600 can be made of a material with excellent heat resistance and / or fire resistance, such as mica sheets or silicon composite materials.

[0138] Therefore, even when generating high temperatures, the module cover 600 can maintain its shape stability without deformation, thereby stably blocking high-temperature gases or flames generated from the battery cell 100.

[0139] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, since the module cover 600 is made of a hard and heat-resistant material, deformation caused by high-temperature gases or flames can be minimized.

[0140] The module cover 600 can be configured to be at least partially opened by exhaust gas or a flame. Specifically, at least a portion of the module cover 600 can be configured to rupture by the pressure or heat of exhaust gas advancing toward the exhaust port H. Alternatively, at least a portion of the module cover 600 can be configured to be completely separated.

[0141] For this purpose, the module cover 600 may be provided with a notch N. The notch N may be configured to open by exhaust gas, thereby venting the exhaust gas to the outside of the battery module 10.

[0142] Multiple notches N can be provided at regular intervals in the horizontal direction (X-axis and Y-axis directions). In particular, the notches N can be formed at positions corresponding to the vent holes H. In addition, the notches N can be configured to have a shape corresponding to the vent holes H.

[0143] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, when a thermal event occurs in a particular battery cell 100, the notch portion N provided on one side of the particular battery cell 100 can rupture to open at least one of a plurality of vent holes H. Therefore, exhaust gases, etc., can be discharged to the outside of the module housing 200 through the opened vent hole H (see the thick arrow in FIG16).

[0144] Furthermore, the module cover 600 prevents exhaust gases or flame streams emitted to the outside of the module housing 200 from returning to the battery module 10. That is, the vent H located on the side of the battery cell 100 where no thermal event has occurred can remain closed without opening. As a result, exhaust gases or flame streams emitted to the outside through the open vent H are effectively prevented from returning to the battery module 10. In addition, the unbroken remaining portion of the module cover 600 not only blocks heat but also blocks high-temperature gases, flames, or emissions generated from the battery cell 100.

[0145] In other words, according to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, when thermal runaway occurs in the battery module 10, not only can the exhaust gases or flames generated inside the battery module 10 be smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery module 10, but the discharged exhaust gases or flames can also be prevented from flowing back into the battery module 10. Therefore, the propagation of thermal runaway can be effectively prevented or delayed by minimizing the heat propagation to adjacent battery cells 100 or the battery module 10.

[0146] Figure 12 This is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 13 This is an exploded perspective view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of this disclosure. Additionally, Figure 14 This is a plan view of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present disclosure, which shows the movement of gases, etc., in the battery pack during thermal runaway in a particular battery module.

[0147] Reference Figures 12 to 14 The battery pack 1 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure may include a battery pack housing 2 and one or more battery modules 10 according to the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0148] The battery pack housing 2 can be configured to store multiple battery modules 10. The battery pack housing 2 can have multiple storage spaces PS, each configured to store a multiple battery module 10. The battery pack housing 2 can be configured to store multiple battery modules 10 disposed thereon. The battery pack housing 2 can be formed in the form of a rectangular box.

[0149] Furthermore, as described above, the battery module 10 may include a plurality of battery cells 100 and a module housing 200 configured to store the plurality of battery cells 100. Additionally, the module housing 200 may have a protrusion P configured to project outward toward the inner surface of the battery pack housing 2.

[0150] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, the high-temperature exhaust gas or flame emitted into the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2 can be suppressed by the protrusion P of the module housing 200 to move along the stacking direction of the battery cells 100.

[0151] In other words, according to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, by reliably separating the space between the module housing 200 and the battery pack housing 2, even if a thermal event occurs in some of the battery cells 100 inside the battery module 10, it can effectively prevent or delay the spread of gas or flame to other battery cells 100 inside the battery module 10 and prevent thermal runaway. Therefore, the safety and reliability of the battery module 10 can be ensured.

[0152] In addition, the battery module 10 may also include a blocking member 300 configured to block the flow of heat or fluid between the battery cells 100 in the internal space of the module housing 200, and having an end inserted into the internal space of the protrusion P.

[0153] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, the battery cells 100 can be reliably separated in the battery module 10, thereby effectively preventing or delaying thermal runaway between the battery cells 100.

[0154] Multiple battery modules 10 can be arranged along multiple columns and rows within the battery pack housing 2. For example, as Figure 12 In the embodiments shown, the plurality of battery modules 10 can be arranged such that two battery modules 10 are arranged along the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction) of the battery pack 1, and that two battery modules 10 are arranged in the left-right direction with the protrusion P extending in the front-rear direction. Alternatively, as Figure 13 In the embodiments shown, the plurality of battery modules 10 can be configured such that two battery modules 10 are arranged in the front-rear direction of the battery pack 1 and in the left-right direction (X-axis direction), and the protrusion P extends in the left-right direction.

[0155] In addition, although not shown in the figure, the battery pack housing 2 can be configured to store components such as a BMS (Battery Management System), current sensors and fuses to integrate control of the charging and discharging of one or more of the battery cells 110.

[0156] Furthermore, the protrusion P can be configured to contact the inner surface of the battery pack housing 2. For example, the protrusion P can be configured to contact the upper surface of the battery pack housing 2.

[0157] More specifically, see reference Figures 12 to 14 The battery pack housing 2 may include a base frame 21, a side frame 22, a crossbeam 23, and battery pack leads 24.

[0158] The base frame 21 can form the lower surface of the battery pack housing 2 and can be configured essentially as a square plate. Furthermore, the base frame 21 can have a flat upper surface, allowing multiple battery modules 10 to be stably mounted on this upper surface.

[0159] The side frame 22 may extend upward from the edge of the base frame 21. The side frame 22 may have multiple unit walls to surround the battery module 10. More specifically, the side frame 22 may include a rear wall at the end in the +Y direction of the base frame 21, a right wall at the end in the -X direction, a front wall at the end in the -Y direction, and a left wall at the end in the +X direction, thereby forming the side of the battery pack housing 2.

[0160] The crossbeam 23 can be configured to separate multiple battery modules 10. That is, the crossbeam 23 can be configured to create multiple storage spaces PS. For example, the crossbeam 23 can be formed as a partition extending in the left-right direction and can be inserted between adjacent battery modules 10 arranged in the front-back direction. Furthermore, the crossbeam 23 can be formed as a partition extending in the front-back direction and can be inserted between adjacent battery modules 10 arranged in the left-right direction.

[0161] The crossbeam 23 can be configured to extend further upward than the battery module 10. Furthermore, the crossbeam 23 can be configured to prevent fluids or heat, such as exhaust gases or flames, from moving between the battery modules 10.

[0162] Therefore, when battery module 10 is in an abnormal state, the movement of high-temperature gas or flame generated in battery module 10 toward other adjacent battery modules 10 can be minimized, thereby effectively preventing or delaying the propagation of thermal runaway in battery pack 1. Thus, the safety and reliability of battery pack 1 can be ensured.

[0163] Furthermore, the battery pack cover 24 can be configured to cover the top of multiple battery modules 10. The battery pack cover 24 can be attached to the upper part of the side frame 22 to form the upper side of the battery pack housing 2.

[0164] Furthermore, the battery pack 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention may also include an exhaust device 3. The exhaust device 3 may be configured to discharge substances generated from the battery module 10 to the outside of the battery pack housing 2.

[0165] The exhaust device 3 can be configured as a hole extending from the inside of the battery pack housing 2 to the outside. Alternatively, the exhaust device 3 can be configured to be installed in the hole of the battery pack housing 2 and to operate when emissions are generated inside the battery pack housing 2.

[0166] The venting device 3 can be disposed on one side of the battery pack housing 2, that is, on the side frame 22. Multiple venting devices 3 can be provided. The venting devices 3 can be located on at least some of the unit walls of the side frame 22. Alternatively, the venting device 3 can be formed individually on two or more unit walls, or two or more venting devices 3 can be formed on one unit wall. For example, refer to… Figures 12 to 14 Two exhaust devices 3 can be installed on the rear wall. In addition, multiple exhaust devices 3 can be arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the side frame 22.

[0167] In this configuration, exhaust gases, etc., discharged through the vent H of the battery module 10 can be directed toward the exhaust device 3. Therefore, exhaust gases generated in the battery module 10 can be discharged to the outside of the battery pack housing 2 via the exhaust device 3.

[0168] According to the configuration implemented above in this disclosure, when a thermal event occurs in the battery module 10, the exhaust gas in the exhaust path S can be quickly discharged to the outside of the battery pack housing 2 through the exhaust device 3. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an increase in the internal pressure inside the battery pack housing 2 and to prevent further chain-reaction fires in other battery modules 10.

[0169] based on Figure 12 The number or position of the exhaust devices 3 described in the embodiments, etc., are merely examples and may vary.

[0170] Figure 15 This is a schematic perspective view of a vehicle including a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0171] refer to Figure 15 The vehicle V according to embodiments of the present disclosure may include one or more battery packs 1 or battery modules 10 according to embodiments of the present disclosure. The vehicle V according to the present disclosure may be, for example, an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The vehicle V may include four-wheeled vehicles and two-wheeled vehicles. According to embodiments of the present disclosure, the vehicle V can be operated by power supplied from the battery pack 1 or battery module 10. The vehicle V can move in the longitudinal direction based on the battery pack 1.

[0172] As described above, although this disclosure has been described with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, this disclosure is not limited thereto, and various modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains without departing from the technical concept of this disclosure and the equivalent scope of the claims described below.

Claims

1.A battery module stored in a battery pack case, the battery module comprising: a plurality of battery cells; and a module case configured to store the plurality of battery cells in an internal space and having a protrusion protruding outward toward an inner surface of the battery pack case. 2.The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is configured to partition a space between the module case and the battery pack case. 3.The battery module according to claim 1, the battery module further comprises a blocking member configured to block a flow of heat or fluid between the battery cells in the internal space of the module case. 4.The battery module according to claim 3, wherein the blocking member is configured such that an end portion of the blocking member is in contact with an inner surface of the module case. 5.The battery module according to claim 3, wherein the protrusion is configured to form an internal space, and wherein the blocking member is configured such that an end portion of the blocking member is inserted into the internal space of the protrusion. 6.The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is configured to be in contact with an inner surface of the battery pack case. 7.The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion is configured such that at least a portion of the protrusion is insertable into an inner surface of the battery pack case. 8.The battery module according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack case comprises a support configured to protrude inward from the inner surface, and wherein the protrusion is configured to partially overlap the support. 9.The battery module according to claim 1, wherein, a plurality of exhaust holes configured to discharge exhaust gas generated from the battery cells to the outside are formed on an upper surface of the module case, and wherein the protrusion is interposed between the exhaust holes. 10.The battery module according to claim 1, wherein, the protrusion is configured to extend along a longitudinal direction of the battery cells. 11.The battery module according to claim 1, wherein, a plurality of the protrusions are disposed spaced apart from each other, and wherein an exhaust path is formed between adjacent protrusions. 12.The battery module according to claim 11, the battery module further comprises a cover member disposed between adjacent protrusions and configured to be openable by exhaust gas within the exhaust path. 13.A battery pack comprising the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 12. 14.A vehicle comprising the battery module according to any one of claims 1 to 12. 15.A battery pack comprising: a battery pack case in which a storage space is formed; and a battery module stored in the storage space of the battery pack case and comprising a plurality of battery cells and a module case configured to store the plurality of battery cells, and wherein the module case comprises a protrusion configured to protrude outward toward an inner surface of the battery pack case. 16.The battery pack of claim 15, wherein the battery module further includes a blocking member configured to block flow of heat or fluid between the battery cells in an inner space of the module case, and the blocking member has an end portion inserted into the inner space of the protrusion. 17.The battery pack of claim 15, wherein the protrusion is configured to be in contact with an inner surface of the battery pack case.

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