Gap eliminating mechanism for aircraft plate flattening machining and flattening machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of aircraft aeronautical manufacturing and machining, in particular to a gap eliminating mechanism for aircraft plate leveling and machining and a leveler. The gap eliminating mechanism comprises a downward pressing driving assembly, a downward pressing transmission assembly, a connecting frame body, a lateral moving floating roller assembly and a buffering assembly; mounting plates are arranged on the two sides of the connecting frame body, and arc-shaped mounting grooves are formed in the mounting plates; the lateral moving floating roller assembly comprises a floating roller set and an elastic roller set, the floating roller set is provided with floating rollers side by side, every two floating rollers form one set and abut against the top of one upper pressing roller at the same time, the two ends of each floating roller are installed in the arc-shaped installation grooves respectively, and the two floating rollers abutting against the top of the upper pressing roller can move along the opposite sides of the corresponding arc-shaped installation grooves. The bottom of one elastic roller abuts against the tops of one set of floating rollers. The mechanism can meet the requirement for efficient and high-precision flattening machining of the plate in the field of aircraft aeronautical manufacturing, and abnormal gaps generated due to jumping of the upper pressing roller in the plate flattening process can be effectively eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aircraft manufacturing and processing, and in particular to a gap elimination mechanism and a leveling machine for leveling aircraft sheet metal. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of aircraft manufacturing, the quality and precision of aircraft panels play a crucial role in the overall performance and safety of the aircraft. As key structural components, the surface flatness of aircraft panels such as the fuselage, wing panels, and tail panels directly affects the aircraft's aerodynamic performance, structural strength, and assembly accuracy. Therefore, it is particularly important to perform surface flatness leveling and inspection before assembling aircraft panels.

[0003] In the industry, aircraft sheet metal is typically leveled using a leveling machine for flatness correction. Existing leveling machines generally include a frame, an upper pressure roller assembly, a lower pressure roller assembly, and a gap adjustment mechanism. The lower pressure roller support mechanism provides support for the lower pressure rollers, creating a preset gap between the upper and lower pressure rollers for the sheet metal to pass through. This preset gap can be adjusted by the gap adjustment mechanism. The sheet metal is fed into the preset gap, and the upper and lower pressure rollers rotate under the drive of their respective motors, pressing against the upper and lower surfaces of the sheet metal, thus achieving sheet metal transfer and leveling. When existing leveling machines are pressing sheet metal, due to the high hardness and uneven surface of aircraft sheet metal, some of the upper and lower pressure rollers are easily subjected to upward pressure, causing them to bounce up and down, resulting in abnormal gaps. To eliminate the abnormal gaps caused by pressure roller bounce, existing leveling machines typically have a lifting mechanism at the top of the upper pressure rollers. The lifting mechanism includes a connecting frame directly fixed to each upper pressure roller, a lifting transmission assembly connected to the top of the connecting frame, and a lifting drive assembly. A displacement buffer structure is provided on the top of the connecting frame to provide a buffering effect. The lifting drive assembly provides power, which is transmitted through the lifting transmission assembly to the connecting frame to lift the upper pressure rollers to a specific position, helping the upper pressure rollers overcome gravity and stabilize their position in the vertical direction, attempting to eliminate abnormal gaps caused by vertical jumping.

[0004] However, existing gap elimination methods for leveling machines still have significant shortcomings in practical applications. Although existing lifting mechanisms can eliminate gaps and reduce machine noise to some extent, wavy marks caused by roller vibration still remain on the surface of plates leveled by existing leveling machines. Therefore, the gap elimination capability of existing leveling machines needs further improvement. Consequently, in the aerospace manufacturing field, where precision requirements are extremely high, existing leveling machines often require multiple leveling operations to meet accuracy requirements, failing to complete the leveling process efficiently and with high precision in a single operation. Moreover, noise remains a significant issue; existing leveling technology struggles to achieve noise-free processing and cannot meet the aerospace manufacturing industry's demands for efficient and high-precision machining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to meet the high-efficiency and high-precision leveling requirements of the aircraft manufacturing industry, and to effectively eliminate the problem that abnormal gaps caused by the jumping of the upper pressure rollers during the leveling process affect the leveling effect of a single process, this application provides a gap elimination mechanism for leveling aircraft sheet metal.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a gap elimination mechanism for leveling aircraft sheet metal, comprising, from top to bottom, a downward pressure drive assembly, a downward pressure transmission assembly, a connecting frame, and a lateral displacement floating roller assembly, and a buffer assembly for providing support and buffer for the connecting frame; the downward pressure drive assembly is mounted on the frame of the leveling machine and provides downward pressure power; the downward pressure transmission assembly is connected to the downward pressure drive assembly and the connecting frame respectively and transmits power; mounting plates for mounting the displacement buffer assembly are provided on both sides of the connecting frame, and the mounting plates are provided with a plurality of arc-shaped mounting grooves; the lateral displacement... The floating roller assembly includes floating roller groups and elastic roller groups. Each floating roller group has several floating rollers arranged side-by-side. Two floating rollers form a group and simultaneously abut against the top of an upper pressure roller. Each floating roller's two ends are respectively installed in arc-shaped mounting grooves on the mounting plate. When the upper pressure roller moves upward, the two floating rollers abutting the top of the upper pressure roller move away from each other along their corresponding arc-shaped mounting grooves, allowing the two floating rollers to rotate away from each other around the axis of the upper pressure roller. Each elastic roller group has several elastic rollers arranged side-by-side. The bottom of one elastic roller abuts against the top of a group of floating rollers, and this elastic roller is connected to the bottom of the connecting frame. By adopting the above technical solution, unlike existing leveling methods that eliminate gaps by raising the upper pressure roller, this application uses a downward pressing method, suitable for the high-precision leveling requirements in the aircraft and aviation fields. Specifically, the downward pressing drive assembly is installed on the leveling machine frame to provide downward pressing power, which is transmitted to the connecting frame via the downward pressing transmission assembly, effectively transmitting the power to the lower lateral floating roller assembly. The arc-shaped mounting grooves on the mounting plates on both sides of the connecting frame provide a specific path for the movement of the floating rollers. During the leveling of aircraft panels, when the upper pressure roller moves upward due to the hardness and unevenness of the aircraft panel material, the two floating rollers abutting the top of the upper pressure roller will move along the corresponding arc-shaped mounting grooves to the opposite side, rotating around the axis of the upper pressure roller in opposite directions. This design allows the floating rollers to adaptively adjust their position according to the runout of the upper pressure roller, changing the original vertical displacement into a vertical displacement plus a lateral displacement, and can promptly fill the abnormal gaps caused by the runout of the upper pressure roller. Specifically, the two parallel floating rollers distribute the extrusion force into two symmetrically distributed load points, forming an approximately uniform load band, suppressing the vertical vibration of the upper pressure roller. This distribution makes the surface stress of the pressed upper pressure roller more uniform, reducing the risk of local deformation; the two parallel floating rollers and the pressed upper pressure roller form three support points, constituting a stable triangular support structure, which can effectively resist axial movement and radial vibration. Meanwhile, the bottom of the elastic roller of the elastic roller group abuts against the top of the floating roller group, and the top of the floating roller group connects to the bottom of the connecting frame. The elastic roller can use its own elasticity to further buffer the jump of the upper pressure roller, enhancing the effect of eliminating abnormal gaps. In addition, the buffer assembly provides support and buffer for the connecting frame, reducing the impact of the upper pressure roller's jump on the entire mechanism, making the mechanism operate more stably.By combining the synergistic effects of the above components, this structure, compared with existing lifting methods, meets the high-efficiency and high-precision leveling requirements of the aircraft manufacturing industry for sheet metal. It can adapt to the movement of the upper pressure roller more flexibly, eliminate abnormal gaps caused by the movement of the upper pressure roller more efficiently and accurately, avoid wavy marks on the surface of the sheet metal after a single leveling process, and improve leveling accuracy, thereby improving leveling efficiency and leveling precision.

[0007] Preferably, the floating roller and the mounting plate are connected by a rolling bearing, the outer ring of which is embedded in the arc-shaped mounting groove and can move within the groove. By adopting the above technical solution, the floating roller and the mounting plate are connected by a rolling bearing, and the outer ring of the rolling bearing is embedded in the arc-shaped mounting groove and can move within it. When the aircraft sheet metal is being leveled, the upward movement of the upper pressure roller will squeeze the floating roller. Due to the presence of the rolling bearing, the sliding friction between the upper pressure roller and the floating roller can be converted into rolling friction, reducing the frictional force. Simultaneously, the outer ring of the rolling bearing can move within the arc-shaped mounting groove, allowing the floating roller to move more flexibly along the opposite side of the arc-shaped mounting groove, thus rotating more smoothly around the axis of the upper pressure roller. Preferably, the curvature of the arc-shaped mounting groove matches the curvature of the outer circumference of the upper pressure roller. By adopting the above technical solution, since the curvature of the arc-shaped mounting groove matches the curvature of the outer circumference of the upper pressure roller, when the upper pressure roller moves upward, the two floating rollers abutting the top of the upper pressure roller can move more smoothly to one side along the arc-shaped mounting groove that matches the curvature of the outer circumference of the upper pressure roller. This allows the two floating rollers to rotate more precisely around the axis of the upper pressure roller, thereby better adapting to the jump of the upper pressure roller and effectively eliminating the abnormal gap caused by the jump of the upper pressure roller, thus improving the gap elimination mechanism's ability to eliminate gaps. Preferably, the lateral floating roller assembly also includes several elastic reset members, with each elastic reset member disposed between the two floating rollers in each group. By adopting the above technical solution, since an elastic reset element is provided between the two floating rollers in each group, when the upper pressure roller moves upward during the leveling process of the aircraft plate, causing the two floating rollers abutting its top to move along the opposite side of the corresponding arc-shaped mounting groove and rotate around the axis of the upper pressure roller, the elastic reset element will undergo elastic deformation and generate elastic force. This elastic force will cause the two floating rollers to return to their initial positions, thereby ensuring that the lateral floating roller assembly can continuously and stably perform leveling processing on the aircraft plate and avoid affecting the leveling effect due to abnormal floating roller positions. Preferably, the elastic reset element is an elastic ring, and the outer ring of the rolling bearing is detachably provided with a mounting post. The mounting post extends out of the surface of the mounting plate, and the elastic ring is sleeved on the mounting post corresponding to the outer ring of the rolling bearing at the ends of the two floating rollers in the same group. By adopting the above technical solution, the elastic reset component uses an elastic ring. When the floating roller moves backward along the arc-shaped mounting groove due to the upward movement of the upper pressure roller, the mounting posts corresponding to the outer rings of the rolling bearings at the ends of the two floating rollers in the same group will move with the floating roller. Since the elastic ring is sleeved on these two mounting posts, the elastic ring will be stretched to produce elastic deformation and store elastic potential energy. Preferably, the buffer assembly includes four buffer components distributed in a rectangular shape. Each buffer component includes a fixed shaft, a fixed nut, and a spring. The top of the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the connecting frame through the fixed nut, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the frame of the leveling machine. The spring is sleeved on the fixed shaft and abuts against the bottom of the connecting frame.By adopting the above technical solution, the buffer assembly includes four rectangularly distributed buffer components. Each buffer component consists of a fixed shaft, a fixed nut, and a spring. The top of the fixed shaft is fixed to the connecting frame with the fixed nut, and the bottom is fixed to the frame of the leveling machine. The spring is sleeved on the fixed shaft and abuts against the bottom of the connecting frame, which can achieve a balanced support with the downward pressure on the connecting frame and provide buffering for subsequent movement of the connecting frame. Preferably, the downward pressure drive assembly includes four rectangularly distributed drive components, and the downward pressure transmission assembly includes four rectangularly distributed transmission components. The drive components and transmission components are connected one-to-one, and all four drive components are connected to the connecting frame. By adopting the above technical solution, the downward pressure drive assembly uses four rectangularly distributed drive components, the downward pressure transmission assembly uses four rectangularly distributed transmission components, and the drive components and transmission components are connected one-to-one and all are connected to the connecting frame. Four rectangularly distributed drive components provide downward pressure from multiple directions simultaneously. This power is transmitted to the connecting frame via corresponding transmission components, resulting in more even force distribution across the connecting frame in all directions. This, in turn, allows for more stable downward pressure on the lateral floating roller assembly, preventing tilting or swaying caused by uneven force. Preferably, both sides of the connecting frame are equipped with wedge-shaped positioning blocks that can be detachably installed on the leveling machine frame. By employing the above technical solution, the wedge-shaped positioning blocks, detachably installed on the leveling machine frame on both sides of the connecting frame, utilize their special shape to provide guidance and positioning during installation. This allows for more precise installation of the connecting frame into the appropriate position on the leveling machine frame, ensuring the connection accuracy and stability between the connecting frame and the leveling machine frame, and improving the installation accuracy and reliability of the entire gap elimination mechanism on the leveling machine. Preferably, the floating roller is a slightly elastic floating roller. By adopting the above technical solution, the floating roller adopts a structure with micro-elasticity. When in contact with the upper pressure roller, its micro-elasticity allows it to deform to a certain extent. When the upper pressure roller jumps upward, the micro-elastic floating roller can better adapt to the positional change of the upper pressure roller, fit more tightly against the upper pressure roller, and avoid gaps caused by rigid contact. At the same time, the micro-elasticity can also buffer the impact force brought by the jumping of the upper pressure roller to a certain extent, further reducing the amplitude of the jumping of the upper pressure roller, thereby more effectively eliminating abnormal gaps caused by the jumping of the upper pressure roller, and improving the accuracy and effect of the leveling machine in leveling aircraft plates. In a second aspect, a leveling machine for leveling aircraft plates includes the aforementioned gap elimination mechanism. By adopting the above technical solution, during the leveling of aircraft plates, the gap elimination mechanism in the leveling machine includes a downward pressure drive assembly, a downward pressure transmission assembly, a connecting frame, and a lateral floating roller assembly connected sequentially from top to bottom, as well as a buffer assembly for providing support and buffer for the connecting frame. The downward drive assembly provides downward pressure, which is transmitted to the connecting frame via the downward transmission assembly. The floating roller group and the elastic roller group in the lateral floating roller assembly cooperate with each other.When the aircraft sheet material is hard and has an uneven surface, as the upper pressure roller moves upward under upward pressure, the two floating rollers abutting the top of the upper pressure roller will move to the opposite side along the arc-shaped mounting groove of the mounting plate and rotate around the axis of the upper pressure roller. At the same time, the elastic roller group will generate corresponding elastic deformation to further buffer and adjust. The buffer assembly also provides support and cushioning for the connecting frame, reducing the jump of the upper pressure roller. This structural design effectively eliminates abnormal gaps caused by the jump of the upper pressure roller, avoids wavy marks on the surface of the leveled sheet, and enables the leveling machine to complete the leveling process efficiently and with high precision in one pass, while also reducing the noise generated by the machine operation.

[0008] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The downward pressure drive assembly provides downward pressure to the connecting frame, while the buffer assembly provides upward support and cushioning force. This downward pressure drives the lateral floating roller assembly. During the aircraft sheet leveling process, as the upper pressure roller moves upward under the upward pressure, the floating roller, with its ends mounted in the arc-shaped mounting grooves of the mounting plate, moves away from the upper pressure roller and rotates around its axis. This rotation adapts to the upper pressure roller's movement, effectively eliminating abnormal gaps caused by roller movement. Eliminating these abnormal gaps prevents wavy marks on the sheet surface, allowing the leveling machine to complete the leveling process efficiently and with high precision in a single operation. 2. The buffer components in the buffer assembly include a fixed shaft, a fixed nut, and a spring. The top of the fixed shaft is fixed to the connecting frame, and the bottom is fixed to the leveling machine frame. The spring is sleeved on the fixed shaft and abuts against the bottom of the connecting frame. During the jump of the pressure rollers, the spring provides support and buffering to the connecting frame, further stabilizing the vertical position of the upper pressure rollers, enhancing the gap elimination effect, and reducing the vibration caused by the jump of the pressure rollers, thereby reducing noise. 3. The bottom of the elastic roller of the elastic roller group abuts against the top of the floating roller of the floating roller group, and the top of the floating roller abuts against the bottom of the connecting frame. When the upper pressure roller jumps, the floating roller moves accordingly. During this process, the elastic roller can better adapt to the jumping of the upper pressure roller by utilizing its own elastic characteristics, and cooperate with the floating roller group to help eliminate gaps and improve the leveling quality. Attached Figure Description

[0009] Figure 1 This is an installation structure diagram of the gap elimination mechanism used in the leveling process of aircraft plates in Example 1; Figure 2 This is another perspective view of the gap elimination mechanism used in the leveling process of aircraft panels in Embodiment 1; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A magnified view of point A; Figure 4This is a front view of the gap elimination mechanism used in the leveling process of aircraft panels in Embodiment 1; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 AA cross-section view; Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the leveling machine used for leveling aircraft plates in Example 2.

[0010] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Downward pressure drive assembly; 2. Downward pressure transmission assembly; 3. Connecting frame; 4. Lateral floating roller assembly; 5. Buffer assembly; 6. Leveling machine; 11. Drive component; 21. Transmission component; 22. Pin shaft; 31. Mounting plate; 32. Positioning block; 33. Arc-shaped mounting groove; 41. Floating roller group; 42. Elastic roller group; 43. Rolling bearing; 44. Elastic reset component; 45. Metal support rod; 431. Mounting column; 51. Fixed shaft; 52. Spring; 53. Metal crossbar; 61. Frame; 62. Upper pressure roller assembly; 63. Lower pressure roller assembly; 64. Gap adjustment mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0012] Example 1 This application provides a gap elimination mechanism for aircraft sheet metal leveling, referring to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The system includes a downward pressure drive assembly 1, a downward pressure transmission assembly 2, a connecting frame 3, and a lateral floating roller assembly 4, as well as a buffer assembly 5 for supporting and cushioning the connecting frame 3. The downward pressure drive assembly 1, downward pressure transmission assembly 2, connecting frame 3, and lateral floating roller assembly 4 are connected sequentially from top to bottom. The downward pressure drive assembly 1 is mounted on the frame 61 of the leveling machine and provides downward pressure power for the entire mechanism. The downward pressure transmission assembly 2 is connected to both the downward pressure drive assembly 1 and the connecting frame 3, transmitting the power from the downward pressure drive assembly 1 to the connecting frame 3. The lateral floating roller assembly 4 is located at the bottom of the connecting frame 3 and abuts against the upper row of pressure rollers of the leveling machine. The lateral floating roller assembly 4 and the connecting frame 3 work together to effectively eliminate abnormal gaps in the upper pressure rollers of the leveling machine. The buffer assembly 5 provides support and cushioning for the connecting frame 3, ensuring the stability of the entire mechanism's operation. This structural combination can effectively eliminate abnormal gaps caused by the runout of the pressure rollers of the leveling machine, improve leveling accuracy, reduce wavy marks on the surface of the sheet metal, and reduce noise, thus meeting the needs of the aerospace manufacturing industry for efficient and high-precision production.

[0013] Specifically, the downward pressure drive assembly 1 in this embodiment includes four drive components 11 arranged in a rectangular shape. Each drive component 11 can be a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder operates using a hydraulic system, its interior filled with hydraulic oil. An oil pump forces the hydraulic oil into different chambers of the cylinder, pushing the piston rod to move linearly. It features high output force and good stability, providing stable and powerful downward pressure for the entire gap elimination mechanism. The cylinder body is fixedly mounted on the frame 61 of the leveling machine using bolts or other means, ensuring its position remains fixed during operation. The end of its piston rod is connected to the downward pressure transmission assembly 2, transmitting the generated downward pressure force. Furthermore, the hydraulic cylinder can achieve precise output distance control through specific design and control methods, with an accuracy down to the micrometer level, facilitating adjustment of the position of the connecting frame 3.

[0014] Specifically, the downward transmission assembly 2 in this embodiment includes four rectangularly distributed transmission components 21. Each drive component 11 is connected to one of the transmission components 21, and all four transmission components 21 are connected to the connecting frame 3. Each transmission component 21 is a metal transmission rod with a certain strength and rigidity. One end of the transmission component 21 is hinged to the piston rod end of the drive component 11 via a pin 22, allowing the transmission rod to swing within a certain range. The other end is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame 3 via bolts, smoothly transmitting the linear motion of the drive component 11 to the connecting frame 3 through the transmission rod.

[0015] Specifically, in this embodiment, the connecting frame 3 has a rectangular block structure. Mounting plates 31 are fixed to both sides of the connecting frame 3 with bolts. The mounting plates 31 are vertically downwards, with two mounting plates 31 facing each other. Both mounting plates 31 have several arc-shaped mounting grooves 33 arranged along the direction of the upper pressure rollers. Below each arc-shaped mounting groove 33 is a mounting hole structure for mounting the upper pressure rollers. In other words, the upper pressure rollers are also rotatably mounted between the two mounting plates 31. Since the diameters of the upper pressure rollers are all the same, the curvature of each arc-shaped mounting groove 33 in this embodiment matches the outer circumference curvature of the upper pressure roller. The arc-shaped mounting grooves 33 are also arranged in pairs, with the two arc-shaped mounting grooves 33 in a pair symmetrically arranged along the axis of the upper pressure roller. This design allows the floating roller to move more smoothly within the arc-shaped mounting grooves 33, rotating around the axis of the upper pressure roller and always abutting against the surface of the upper pressure roller, thus better adapting to the movement of the upper pressure roller. The mounting plates 31 can be made of high-strength metal materials, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy, to ensure their structural strength and stability.

[0016] The connecting frame 3 has detachable positioning blocks 32 on both sides, which can be installed on the leveling machine frame 61. The positioning blocks 32 are wedge-shaped. The wedge shape is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, which facilitates the installation and positioning of the connecting frame 3 on the leveling machine frame 61. During installation, the wedge blocks are bolted into the corresponding wedge grooves on the leveling machine frame 61. Because the wedge shape is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom, it restricts the upward movement of the wedge blocks within the wedge grooves, thus restricting the upward movement of the connecting frame 3. This better presses down on the upper pressure roller, eliminating abnormal gaps caused by the upper pressure roller's jump.

[0017] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 Specifically, the lateral floating roller assembly 4 in this embodiment includes a floating roller group 41, an elastic roller group 42, a rolling bearing 43, and several elastic reset members 44. Each floating roller group 41 has several floating rollers arranged side-by-side, with two floating rollers forming a group and simultaneously abutting the top of an upper pressure roller. The two side-by-side floating rollers disperse the extrusion pressure into two symmetrically distributed load points, forming a nearly uniform load band and suppressing vertical vibration of the upper pressure roller. This distribution makes the surface stress of the pressed upper pressure roller more uniform, reducing the risk of local deformation; the two side-by-side floating rollers and the pressed upper pressure roller form three support points, constituting a stable triangular support structure that can effectively resist axial movement and radial vibration; and the two symmetrical forces can mutually cancel out the horizontal vibration components. The floating roller has a smaller diameter than the upper pressure roller. Two floating rollers are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the upper pressure roller. Each floating roller is mounted at both ends in arc-shaped mounting grooves 33 on two mounting plates 31. The floating rollers are connected to the arc-shaped mounting grooves 33 via rolling bearings 43. The outer ring of the rolling bearing 43 is embedded in the arc-shaped mounting groove 33 and can move within it. When the upper pressure roller moves upward, the two floating rollers abutting the top of the upper pressure roller move along their respective arc-shaped mounting grooves 33 to opposite sides, allowing them to rotate in opposite directions around the axis of the upper pressure roller. The rolling bearing 43 consists of an inner ring, an outer ring, rolling elements, and a cage. The inner ring is mounted on the shaft of the floating roller, and the outer ring is embedded in the arc-shaped mounting groove 33. Specifically, in this embodiment, each rolling bearing 43 has four mounting posts 431 detachably mounted on its outer ring. These four mounting posts 431 are arranged around the inner ring on the outer ring, and they extend through the connecting frame 3. The rolling elements roll between the inner and outer rings, reducing friction and making the movement of the floating roller more flexible. The floating roller can be a slightly elastic floating roller, employing a structure where a metal roller core is wrapped in rubber. The slightly elastic rubber provides cushioning, reducing the impact between the floating roller and the upper pressure roller, and also better adapting to the unevenness of the upper pressure roller surface.

[0018] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5In this assembly, several elastic rollers are arranged side-by-side in each elastic roller group 42. The bottom of one elastic roller abuts against the top of a group of floating rollers, and the top of the elastic roller abuts against the bottom of the connecting frame 3. Both ends of the elastic roller are fixedly connected to the connecting frame 3 via metal support rods 45. The elastic rollers can be made of rubber rollers with greater elasticity than the floating rollers. When the floating rollers are displaced due to the jump of the upper pressure roller, the elastic rollers will undergo elastic deformation, absorbing part of the impact force and playing a buffering role.

[0019] In this embodiment, an elastic reset element 44 is provided between the two floating rollers in each group. The elastic reset element 44 is an elastic ring. The elastic ring is fitted onto the mounting post 431 corresponding to the outer ring of the rolling bearing 43 at the ends of the two floating rollers in the same group. The elastic ring provides a reset force after the floating rollers rotate in the opposite direction, allowing them to return to their initial position. The elastic ring can be made of rubber or a spring ring, etc. Rubber rings have good elasticity and wear resistance, and can maintain good elasticity even after repeated expansion and contraction.

[0020] Specifically, the buffer assembly 5 in this embodiment includes four rectangularly distributed buffer components. Each buffer component includes a fixed shaft 51, a fixed nut, and a spring 52. The top of the fixed shaft 51 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 3 via the fixed nut, which abuts against the bottom of the connecting frame 3 to provide support. The bottom of the fixed shaft 51 is fixedly connected to the frame 61 of the leveling machine via a metal crossbar 53. The spring 52 is sleeved on the fixed shaft 51, with its top abutting against the bottom of the connecting frame 3 and its bottom abutting against the metal crossbar 53. The spring 52 is always in a compressed state, providing support and buffering force to the connecting frame 3, reducing the impact force of the downward drive assembly 1 on the connecting frame 3, and ensuring the stable operation of the connecting frame 3. The spring 52 can be selected with different elastic coefficients according to actual needs to adapt to different working scenarios. When the impact force is large during operation, a spring 52 with a larger elastic coefficient can be selected; when the impact force is small, a spring 52 with a smaller elastic coefficient can be selected.

[0021] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: Downward drive and transmission operation: Four rectangularly arranged hydraulic cylinders operate via a hydraulic system. An oil pump forces hydraulic oil into different chambers of the cylinders, pushing the piston rods in a linear motion. Since the cylinder bodies are bolted to the leveling machine frame 61, their positions are fixed, and the ends of their piston rods are connected to the downward pressure transmission assembly 2. When the hydraulic system operates, the four hydraulic cylinders simultaneously generate a stable and powerful downward pressure force, providing the initial power source for the entire gap elimination mechanism and smoothly transmitting the power to the connecting frame 3, subjecting it to a downward force.

[0022] Initial state of the lateral floating roller assembly 4: Vertically downward mounting plates 31 are fixed to both sides of the connecting frame 3 by bolts. The two mounting plates 31 face each other and have several arc-shaped mounting grooves 33 arranged along the direction of the upper pressure rollers. The curvature of each arc-shaped mounting groove 33 matches the outer circumference of the upper pressure roller, and they are arranged symmetrically in pairs along the axis of the upper pressure roller. In the floating roller group 41, two floating rollers with a diameter smaller than that of the upper pressure roller form a group, simultaneously abutting the top of one upper pressure roller and symmetrically distributed along the axis of the upper pressure roller. The two ends of the floating rollers are respectively installed in the arc-shaped mounting grooves 33 of the two mounting plates 31 and connected by rolling bearings 43. The outer ring of the rolling bearings 43 is embedded in the arc-shaped mounting grooves 33 and can move within them. At this time, the floating rollers are in their initial position, stably abutting the upper pressure roller. In the elastic roller group 42, the bottom of one elastic roller abuts against the top of a group of floating rollers, and the top abuts against the bottom of the connecting frame 3. Both ends are fixedly connected to the connecting frame 3 by metal support rods 45. Two elastic rings are provided between the two floating rollers in each group. The elastic rings are fitted on the mounting posts 431 corresponding to the outer rings of the rolling bearings 43 at the ends of the two floating rollers in the same group. They are in a natural state and have not undergone elastic deformation.

[0023] Upper pressure roller runout and mechanism response stage: During the leveling process of aircraft sheet metal, due to the high hardness and uneven surface of the sheet metal, the upper pressure roller is subjected to upward extrusion force, causing it to jump upwards and resulting in an abnormal gap between the upper and lower pressure rollers. When the upper pressure roller moves upwards, the two floating rollers abutting the top of the upper pressure roller move to the opposite side along the corresponding arc-shaped mounting groove 33. Because the inner ring of the rolling bearing 43 is mounted on the floating roller shaft and the outer ring is embedded in the arc-shaped mounting groove 33, the rolling elements roll between the inner and outer rings, reducing friction and allowing the floating rollers to rotate around the axis of the upper pressure roller in the opposite direction to accommodate the jump of the upper pressure roller.

[0024] The elastic roller group 42 and the elastic reset component 44 play a buffering and resetting role, while the buffer assembly 5 ensures the stable operation of the connecting frame 3. The coordinated work of all components effectively eliminates the abnormal gaps caused by the jump of the pressure rollers of the leveling machine, improves the leveling accuracy, reduces wavy marks on the surface of the sheet metal, and lowers noise. Compared with the existing technology, there are significant improvements in gap elimination capability, leveling accuracy, and noise control, meeting the needs of the aerospace manufacturing industry for efficient and high-precision production.

[0025] Example 2 The aircraft sheet metal leveling machine 6 provided in this application embodiment includes the gap elimination mechanism of Embodiment 1. (Refer to...) Figure 6 The leveling machine 6 in this embodiment also includes conventional components such as a frame 61, an upper pressure roller assembly 62, a lower pressure roller assembly 63, a gap adjustment mechanism 64, and a pressure roller drive assembly. The gap elimination mechanism is mounted on the frame 61 and cooperates with the upper pressure roller assembly 62.

[0026] Specifically, the frame 61 is the basic structure of the leveling machine 6, typically welded from steel, possessing sufficient strength and rigidity to provide support and a mounting platform for other components. The upper pressure roller assembly 62 and the lower pressure roller assembly 63 are respectively mounted on the frame 61. The pressure rollers in the upper pressure roller assembly 62 and the lower pressure roller assembly 63 are installed at specific positions on the frame 61 via a gap adjustment mechanism 64, forming a preset gap for the plates to pass through. The gap adjustment mechanism 64 can adjust the preset gap to accommodate plates of different thicknesses. In this embodiment, the gap adjustment mechanism 64 is a screw and nut mechanism, which adjusts the size of the preset gap by changing the position of the upper pressure roller assembly 62 or the lower pressure roller assembly 63.

[0027] The pressure roller drive assembly is a combination of a motor and a gear set. When the sheet metal is fed into the preset gap of the leveling machine 6, the upper pressure roller assembly 62 and the lower pressure roller assembly 63 rotate under the drive of the corresponding motors on the side wall of the frame 61. The motors drive the pressure rollers to rotate through gear transmission and other means. The upper and lower pressure rollers press on the upper and lower surfaces of the sheet metal respectively, realizing the conveying and leveling of the sheet metal. During this process, the gap elimination mechanism plays a role. When some of the pressure rollers in the lower pressure rollers are subjected to upward extrusion force and jump up and down, the gap elimination mechanism eliminates the abnormal gaps caused by the pressure roller jumps through the coordinated action of the lower pressure drive assembly 1, the lower pressure transmission assembly 2, the connecting frame 3, and the side-shifting floating roller assembly 4, ensuring the leveling accuracy.

[0028] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: the leveling machine 6 conveys and levels the sheet metal through the upper pressure roller assembly 62 and the lower pressure roller assembly 63, while the gap elimination mechanism eliminates abnormal gaps caused by the jump of the pressure rollers in real time during this process. Through the effective operation of the gap elimination mechanism, the leveling accuracy of the leveling machine 6 is improved, wavy marks on the sheet metal surface are reduced, and noise is lowered, achieving efficient and high-precision leveling processing, thus meeting the stringent requirements of the aerospace manufacturing industry for the leveling of aircraft sheet metal.

[0029] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A gap elimination mechanism for leveling aircraft sheet metal, characterized in that, It includes a pressure drive assembly (1), a pressure transmission assembly (2), a connecting frame (3) and a side-shifting floating roller assembly (4) connected from top to bottom, and a buffer assembly (5) for providing support and buffer for the connecting frame (3). The downward pressure drive assembly (1) is mounted on the frame (61) of the leveling machine to provide downward pressure power; The downward transmission assembly (2) is connected to the downward drive assembly (1) and the connecting frame (3) respectively, and is used to transmit power; The connecting frame (3) has mounting plates (31) extending downward on both sides for mounting the displacement buffer assembly (5), and the mounting plates (31) have several arc-shaped mounting grooves (33). The lateral floating roller assembly (4) includes a floating roller group (41) and an elastic roller group (42). The floating roller group (41) has several floating rollers arranged side by side. Two floating rollers form a group and simultaneously abut against the top of an upper pressure roller. The two ends of each floating roller are respectively installed in the arc-shaped mounting groove (33) of the mounting plate (31). When the upper pressure roller moves upward, the two floating rollers abutting against the top of the upper pressure roller move away from one side along the corresponding arc-shaped mounting groove (33) so that the two floating rollers can rotate away from the axis of the upper pressure roller. The elastic roller group (42) has several elastic rollers arranged side by side. The bottom of one elastic roller abuts against the top of a group of floating rollers. The elastic roller is connected to the bottom of the connecting frame (3).

2. The gap elimination mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating roller is connected to the mounting plate (31) by a rolling bearing (43). The outer ring of the rolling bearing (43) is embedded in the arc-shaped mounting groove (33) and can move within the arc-shaped mounting groove (33).

3. The gap elimination mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The arc of the arc-shaped mounting groove (33) matches the arc of the outer periphery of the upper pressure roller.

4. The gap elimination mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lateral floating roller assembly (4) also includes several elastic reset members (44), with the elastic reset members (44) disposed between the two floating rollers in each group.

5. The gap elimination mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elastic reset component (44) is an elastic ring. The outer ring of the rolling bearing (43) is detachably provided with a mounting post (431). The mounting post (431) extends out of the surface of the mounting plate (31). The elastic ring is sleeved on the mounting post (431) corresponding to the outer ring of the rolling bearing (43) at the ends of the two floating rollers in the same group.

6. The gap elimination mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer assembly (5) includes four buffer components arranged in a rectangular shape. Each buffer component includes a fixed shaft (51), a fixed nut, and a spring (52). The top of the fixed shaft (51) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (3) by the fixed nut, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the frame (61) of the leveling machine. The spring (52) is sleeved on the fixed shaft (51) and abuts against the bottom of the connecting frame (3).

7. The gap elimination mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The downward driving assembly (1) includes four driving components (11) arranged in a rectangular shape, and the downward transmission assembly (2) includes four transmission components (21) arranged in a rectangular shape. The driving components (11) and the transmission components (21) are connected in a one-to-one correspondence, and all four driving components (11) are connected to the connecting frame (3).

8. The gap elimination mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the connecting frame (3) are provided with positioning blocks (32) that can be detachably installed on the leveling machine frame (61). The positioning blocks (32) are wedge-shaped blocks.

9. The gap elimination mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floating roller is a floating roller with slight elasticity.

10. A leveling machine for leveling aircraft sheet metal, characterized in that, The leveling machine (6) includes the gap elimination mechanism according to any one of claims 1-9.

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