High-altitude totally-closed bag dust removal belt conveying device and dust removal method

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-altitude totally-closed bag dust removal belt conveying device and a dust removal method, and is suitable for aggregate conveying dust treatment in scenes such as concrete construction and mining in high-altitude areas. The device adopts a modular integrated design and comprises a conveying unit, a dust removal unit, an anti-freezing system and a quick-release maintenance system. The conveying unit forms a full-closed cavity through a stainless steel cover body and is matched with micro negative pressure to capture dust-containing airflow; the dust removal unit realizes graded purification of dust through pre-sedimentation of a stepped baffle and deep filtration of a filter bag; the anti-freezing system solves the problems of high-altitude icing and dust hardening by utilizing a self-regulating electric tracing band and a pneumatic vibrator; the quick-release maintenance system is matched with the lock catch through the sliding rail, safe interlocking is achieved, and the filter bag is convenient to replace. The dust removal method comprises the steps of device assembly and negative pressure establishment, dust collection and filtration, maintenance and filter bag replacement. The device is efficient in dust treatment, high in high-altitude adaptability, convenient to maintain, stable in structure and wide in application prospect, dust emission can be greatly reduced, and construction environmental protection and efficiency are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction machinery technology, and in particular to a high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor and dust removal method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of construction machinery technology, aggregate transportation is a crucial link in the concrete construction process. However, when carrying out concrete construction in high-altitude areas, traditional belt conveyor technology faces many challenges, especially dust leakage and control issues, which have become bottlenecks restricting construction efficiency and environmental protection.

[0003] Traditional belt conveyors are mostly designed with open or semi-enclosed structures. These structures are highly prone to generating dust during aggregate transport, especially in high-altitude, windy environments where dust dispersion is particularly severe, posing a serious threat to the construction site environment and the health of workers. To address this issue, the industry has tried various dust removal technologies, mainly including external dust collection equipment and localized water curtain dust collection, but both have significant drawbacks and shortcomings. 1. External dust collection equipment: Such equipment is typically bulky, requiring additional floor space for installation, and its complex piping connections make it difficult to adapt to the narrow construction sites at high altitudes. Furthermore, the poor spatial coupling between external dust collectors and belt conveyors limits dust collection efficiency. External dust collectors not only increase the floor space required for construction, reducing space utilization, but also pose a risk of air leakage due to their complex connection with belt conveyors, making it difficult to achieve ideal dust collection results. In addition, their large size and complex piping system increase the difficulty of installation, commissioning, and maintenance.

[0004] 2. Localized water curtain dust removal: This technology captures airborne dust by spraying water mist to form a water curtain. However, in high-altitude, low-temperature environments, the water curtain is prone to freezing and becoming ineffective, thus losing its dust removal function. Furthermore, the application of water curtain dust removal systems in high-altitude areas is limited by factors such as water supply and energy consumption. Localized water curtain dust removal technology is prone to freezing in high-altitude, low-temperature environments, causing the dust removal system to be unable to operate continuously and severely affecting the dust removal effect. At the same time, the technology's dependence on water supply and energy consumption also limits its application range in high-altitude areas.

[0005] Further defects and shortcomings of existing technical solutions: 1. Severe dust leakage: The open or semi-enclosed structure of traditional belt conveyors cannot effectively contain the dust generated during aggregate transportation, especially under high-altitude and strong wind conditions, where dust diffusion is aggravated, seriously affecting the environmental quality of the construction site.

[0006] 2. Dust removal equipment is large in size and inefficient: External dust removal equipment requires additional installation space, and the connection with the belt conveyor is complex, resulting in a large overall footprint and low space utilization. Furthermore, due to poor spatial coupling, dust removal efficiency is limited, making it difficult to meet the stringent environmental protection requirements of high-altitude areas.

[0007] 3. Poor adaptability to low-temperature environments: Localized water curtain dust removal technology is prone to freezing and failure in high-altitude, low-temperature environments, thus failing to maintain its dust removal function. Existing external dust removal equipment also faces risks such as pulse valve freezing under low-temperature conditions, affecting the normal operation and service life of the equipment.

[0008] 4. Maintenance Difficulties: The combination of traditional belt conveyors and dust removal equipment requires the disassembly of numerous components during maintenance, making the operation complex and time-consuming, increasing maintenance costs and downtime. For example, the mobile thermal desorption system for polluted waste mentioned in CN108704931B, while achieving effective treatment of polluted waste, also faces maintenance challenges due to its complex structure and piping system. The flexible rice husk conveying system in CN114988122A, despite its innovative conveying method, still relies on traditional dust removal technology, resulting in inconvenient maintenance. Furthermore, the improved dust removal device for mixing plants in CN209156689U, while improving dust removal efficiency through optimized pipeline layout and automated control, still needs improvement in adaptability to high-altitude and low-temperature environments and ease of maintenance.

[0009] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention proposes a fully enclosed belt conveyor and bag filter integrated device suitable for high-altitude areas. Through innovative spatial coupling design and high-altitude adaptability technology, it effectively solves the problems of dust leakage, low-temperature icing, and maintenance difficulties inherent in traditional equipment, providing an efficient and reliable dust control solution for aggregate conveying in construction projects at high altitudes. This fills the technological gap in aggregate conveying dust control under special working conditions at high altitudes, and further improves the space utilization and maintenance convenience of the equipment through integrated design, expanding its application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor and dust removal method, which solves the specific technical problems of serious dust leakage in the aggregate conveying process during concrete construction in high-altitude areas, easy freezing and failure of dust removal equipment in low-temperature environments, and difficulty in maintaining traditional equipment; overcomes the limitations of traditional belt conveyors and dust removal equipment in high-altitude environments, and achieves the goals of near-zero dust emissions, equipment antifreeze, and convenient maintenance.

[0011] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor and dust removal method are provided, specifically including: (I) Overall Structure of the Device This high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor adopts a modular integrated design. Its core consists of four parts: a modular enclosed conveying unit, a dust removal unit, a high-altitude adaptable antifreeze system, and a quick-release maintenance system. Each unit works closely together to form a closed loop for dust control throughout the entire process, which includes "source sealing - negative pressure collection - graded filtration - low-temperature protection - convenient maintenance".

[0012] 1. Modular enclosed conveyor unit This unit is the foundation for dust blocking and airflow guidance. With a belt conveyor as the core conveyor, its outer cover is equipped with a head cover, an expandable dust cover and a tail cover that are sealed and spliced ​​in sequence, forming a fully enclosed conveying cavity to block the dust escape path from the source.

[0013] The enclosure is made of stainless steel, which has excellent corrosion resistance, wind load resistance and low temperature resistance, making it suitable for harsh high-altitude environments. Sealing design: Silicone gaskets are placed at the flange connections of adjacent enclosures and bolts are tightened diagonally to ensure a leak-free seal and provide a guarantee for establishing a negative pressure environment; Support and discharge structure: The bottom of the expandable dust cover is fixedly installed with a belt conveyor bracket to provide stable support for the whole device; the bottom of the tail cover is equipped with a belt conveyor discharge port to facilitate smooth output of aggregates; Airflow guiding structure: A negative pressure dust suction port is opened at the top of the tail cover, and a guide plate with a polished surface is installed inside, which can reduce dust adhesion and guide the dust-laden airflow into the dust removal channel in an orderly manner.

[0014] 2. Dust removal unit The dust collection unit is responsible for the graded filtration and dust collection of the dust-laden airflow. Its core components include a support frame, an L-shaped bracket, a dust hopper, and a dust collector. Support structure: The support frame is an integral frame design, on which several L-shaped brackets are installed to stabilize and support the ash hopper, ensuring the structural stability of the equipment in high-altitude and strong wind environments. Pre-settling assembly: The ash hopper has an exhaust gas inlet on its side, which is connected to the negative pressure dust suction port through a sealed pipe; a stepped baffle is installed inside the ash hopper at the position corresponding to the exhaust gas inlet, which is used to pre-settle coarse particles in the dust-laden airflow; a valve is provided at the bottom of the ash hopper, which can be opened periodically to discharge settled coarse dust particles and prevent accumulation. Deep filtration assembly: The dust collector is installed in the middle of the support frame, above the ash hopper, and is sealed and connected to the ash hopper; several filter bags are evenly distributed inside the dust collector. The filter bags are made of PTFE membrane material, which has high filtration accuracy and strong air permeability, and can effectively intercept fine particulate dust.

[0015] 3. High-altitude adaptability antifreeze system Specifically designed for high-altitude, low-temperature environments, preventing equipment from freezing and dust caking, including pulse jet nozzles, self-regulating electric heating cables, temperature controllers, and pneumatic vibrators: Pipeline antifreeze structure: The pulse jet pipe is installed on the upper part of the dust removal unit support frame and connected to the dust collector for cleaning the filter bags; it is wrapped with a self-regulating electric heating tape and equipped with a temperature controller, which can set the temperature range and realize automatic temperature control. Dust hopper anti-caking structure: A pneumatic vibrator is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the dust hopper. Through periodic vibration, it prevents dust from caking inside the dust hopper and ensures smooth dust discharge.

[0016] 4. Quick-release maintenance system Designed to simplify maintenance procedures and improve operational safety, the core components include T-shaped slide rails and spring locks. Sliding and fixed structure: The T-shaped slide rail is fixedly installed on the support frame, and the filter bags are evenly hung on the slide rail, which can slide freely along the slide rail; the spring lock is used to lock and fix the filter bags and slide rail structure to prevent displacement during equipment operation; Safety interlock design: Equipped with a safety interlock device, the power supply to the dust removal unit can be automatically cut off during maintenance to ensure the safety of operators.

[0017] (II) Dust removal methods and operating procedures The dust removal method of this device is based on the above structure and specifically includes three core steps: device assembly and negative pressure establishment, dust collection and filtration, and maintenance and filter bag replacement. The operation process is as follows: Step 1: Device assembly and negative pressure establishment Cover installation: Connect the head cover, expandable dust cover, and tail cover to the outside of the belt conveyor in sequence, lay silicone gaskets between the flanges, and tighten the bolts diagonally to ensure that the closed cavity is sealed and leak-free; Dust collection unit assembly: Fix the support frame in the designated position, calibrate and fix the ash hopper with the L-shaped bracket, install the dust collector above the ash hopper and seal the connection; hang the filter bags on the T-shaped slide rail, push them into the dust collector and lock them with spring locks; Piping and auxiliary system connection: Connect the negative pressure dust collection port, centrifugal fan and ash hopper exhaust gas inlet in sequence with sealed pipeline; wrap the self-regulating electric heating tape around the pulse jet pipe and connect the temperature controller; connect the pneumatic vibrator to the air source pipeline; Negative pressure establishment: Start the centrifugal fan and adjust the fan operation to maintain a slight negative pressure state of -50Pa to -150Pa inside the sealed enclosure. Monitor with a pressure sensor to confirm that there is no positive pressure dissipation.

[0018] Step 2: Dust Collection and Filtration Airflow guidance and pre-settling: When the belt conveyor is started to transport aggregate, the dust-laden airflow generated is guided by the guide plate under negative pressure and enters the ash hopper through the pipeline; after the dust-laden gas collides with the stepped baffle, the coarse dust particles undergo pre-settling and are temporarily stored at the bottom of the ash hopper; Deep filtration: After pre-settling, the dust-laden gas continues to rise and enters the dust collector. It is filtered by PTFE membrane filter bags, where dust is trapped on the surface of the filter bags, and the clean gas is discharged after meeting the standards. Dynamic maintenance: During operation, the system automatically performs the following operations: Antifreeze control: When the ambient temperature is below -10℃, the self-regulating electric heating tape will automatically start to maintain the temperature of the pulse jet system above 5℃ to prevent the pipeline from freezing. Filter bag cleaning: The pulse jet pipe automatically triggers cleaning at preset time intervals or according to the negative pressure value inside the hood. The cleaning pressure is 0.4MPa~0.6MPa to ensure the air permeability of the filter bag. Dust hopper anti-caking: Pneumatic vibrator periodically shakes the dust hopper to prevent dust from caking.

[0019] Step 3: Maintenance and Filter Bag Replacement Maintenance trigger conditions: The maintenance process is initiated when the number of times the filter bag is used exceeds the set value, the resistance reaches the preset threshold, or the specified maintenance cycle is reached. Safety precautions: The safety interlock device automatically cuts off the power supply to the dust removal unit to ensure safe maintenance operations; Filter bag replacement: Unlock the spring lock, pull out the filter bag to be replaced along the T-shaped slide rail, and replace it with a new PTFE membrane filter bag; Reset Verification: Reset the replaced filter bag along the T-shaped slide rail, tighten the spring lock, and reconnect the power supply; start the pulse jet cleaning system to perform a dust cleaning operation, verify that the system pressure difference has returned to normal, and the maintenance is complete.

[0020] This device and method, through integrated and intelligent design, are perfectly suited to the dust control needs of aggregate transportation in high-altitude areas. It has advantages such as environmental protection and high efficiency, stability and reliability, and convenient maintenance. It can be widely used in dust control of material transportation in high-altitude concrete construction, mining, road construction and other fields.

[0021] The present invention provides a high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor and dust removal method, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention effectively solves the specific technical problems of serious dust leakage in the aggregate conveying process during concrete construction in high-altitude areas, easy freezing and failure of dust removal equipment in low-temperature environments, and difficulty in maintaining traditional equipment; it successfully overcomes the limitations of traditional belt conveyors and dust removal equipment in high-altitude environments, achieving the goals of near-zero dust emissions, equipment antifreeze, and convenient maintenance.

[0022] 2. Highly efficient and environmentally friendly dust control: This invention features a fully enclosed conveying chamber, micro-negative pressure collection, and PTFE membrane filter bags for graded filtration, achieving full-process dust control from source to end, significantly reducing dust emissions and protecting the high-altitude ecological environment and the health of workers. Through the synergistic effect of a stainless steel fully enclosed cover with a micro-negative pressure of -50Pa to -150Pa, dust escape is blocked at the source. Combined with the graded purification mode of coarse dust pre-settling by stepped baffles and fine dust deep filtration by PTFE membrane filter bags, the dust interception efficiency is further improved.

[0023] 3. Strong adaptability to high altitudes: The self-regulating electric heating tape of this invention works in conjunction with the pneumatic vibrator to effectively solve the problems of pipeline icing and dust caking in low-temperature environments, ensuring stable operation of the equipment under high-altitude and low-temperature conditions. For harsh conditions of high altitude, low temperature, and strong winds, the self-regulating electric heating tape automatically starts when the ambient temperature is <-10℃ to maintain the temperature of the pulse jet pipeline >5℃, completely solving the problem of pipeline icing. The pneumatic vibrator periodically vibrates the ash hopper to prevent dust caking and accumulation, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0024] 4. High space utilization: The modular integrated design of this invention tightly couples the dust removal unit and the conveying unit, eliminating the need for a large amount of additional space and making it suitable for narrow construction sites at high altitudes; the L-shaped bracket inverted design reduces the footprint by 59.4%, making it particularly suitable for narrow construction sites in high-altitude areas; the integrated design utilizes the unused space under the belt conveyor, increasing space utilization by 60%.

[0025] 5. Convenient and safe maintenance: The quick-release maintenance system of this invention, combined with a safety interlock device, eliminates the need to disassemble pipelines when replacing filter bags. The operation is simple, quick, and ensures the safety of operators, thus improving construction efficiency. The quick-release maintenance system, through the combination design of T-shaped slide rails and spring lock buckles, combined with a safety interlock device, eliminates the need to disassemble complex pipelines when replacing filter bags. The operation is simple, quick, and the power is automatically cut off during maintenance, eliminating potential safety hazards.

[0026] 6. Stable and reliable structure: The stainless steel cover, silicone gasket sealing, and L-shaped bracket support of this invention have excellent wind load resistance and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for harsh construction environments at high altitudes. The cover is made of stainless steel, which has excellent corrosion resistance, low temperature resistance, and wind load resistance. The silicone gasket between the flanges of adjacent covers ensures a leak-free seal. The L-shaped bracket and the support frame form a stable support structure that can resist strong wind interference at high altitudes. The overall equipment has a long service life and a low failure rate.

[0027] 7. Near-zero dust emissions: This invention combines fully enclosed conveying with high-efficiency bag filter dust collection, which significantly reduces the PM2.5 concentration on site and meets the stringent environmental protection requirements of high-altitude areas; in the test at an altitude of 4000m, the on-site PM2.5 concentration dropped from 320μg / m³ to below 8μg / m³.

[0028] 8. Enhanced high-altitude adaptability: The electric heat tracing and vibrator work together to prevent freezing, ensuring that the dust removal efficiency remains at a high level even in low-temperature environments of -25℃ or even lower, solving the problem of traditional equipment freezing easily in high-altitude areas; the electric heat tracing and vibrator work together to prevent freezing, adapting to low-temperature environments of -25℃, ensuring dust removal efficiency >98%.

[0029] 9. Improved ease of maintenance: The quick-release slide rail structure of this invention significantly shortens the filter bag replacement time from the traditional 120 minutes to 25 minutes, significantly reducing maintenance costs and downtime; the quick-release slide rail structure shortens the filter bag replacement time from 120 minutes to 25 minutes, improving the ease of maintenance.

[0030] 10. Highly efficient and rational space utilization: The present invention adopts a modular integrated design, which tightly couples the dust removal unit, antifreeze system and conveying unit. The dust removal unit relies on the L-shaped support and is laid out in coordination with the conveying unit. It does not require additional construction space and is perfectly adapted to narrow construction sites in high-altitude areas (such as dam shoulders, mine tunnels, etc.), which greatly improves site utilization and reduces the difficulty of construction layout.

[0031] 11. The superior performance and practicality of this invention in aggregate conveying dust control during concrete construction in high-altitude areas have been fully verified through assembly, debugging and operation in actual construction scenarios.

[0032] 12. Airflow optimization design: The negative pressure dust suction port at the top of the tail cover of this invention is directly connected to the exhaust gas inlet flange of the dust collector, reducing the risk of pipeline connection and achieving zero dust emission; through structural optimization, pipeline connection is reduced, the risk of dust leakage is reduced, and the system stability is improved. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow structure of the tail cover of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the antifreeze structure of the dust collector of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-release slide rail structure of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Head cover; 2. Expandable dust cover; 3. Tail cover; 4. Negative pressure dust suction port; 5. Guide plate; 6. Dust collector; 7. L-shaped bracket; 8. Belt conveyor bracket; 9. Pulse jet pipe; 10. Self-regulating electric heating tape; 11. Temperature controller; 12. Pneumatic vibrator; 13. Exhaust gas inlet; 14. Step baffle; 15. Valve; 16. Filter bag; 17. Centrifugal fan; 18. Ash hopper; 19. Discharge port; 20. T-shaped slide rail; 21. Spring lock. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings: Example 1 like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor device, as detailed below: 1. Device Composition: The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor device of this embodiment includes a modular enclosed conveyor unit and a quick-release maintenance system.

[0035] The modular enclosed conveyor unit consists of a belt conveyor and its externally connected head cover 1, expandable dust cover 2, and tail cover 3. It is made of 316L stainless steel, and a 2mm silicone gasket is placed between the flanges of adjacent covers to ensure sealing.

[0036] The tail cover 3 has a Φ300mm negative pressure dust suction port 4 at the top, and a 45° inclined, polished guide plate 5 inside to reduce dust adhesion, and is connected to a centrifugal fan 17.

[0037] The negative pressure dust suction port 4 is directly connected to the dust collection unit hopper 18 through a flange, and the top of the hopper 18 is connected to the flat bag dust collector 6.

[0038] 2. Dust removal unit design: The dust removal unit includes a support frame, on which several L-shaped brackets 7 are installed, which support the ash hopper 18 at a 75° angle. A dust collector 6 is installed above the ash hopper 18 in the middle of the support frame.

[0039] The dust collector 6 contains several PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) membrane-coated filter bags 16, which are evenly distributed and hung on T-shaped slide rails 20. The T-shaped slide rails 20 are slidably mounted on the support frame and locked in place by spring locks 21. The ash hopper 18 has an exhaust gas inlet 13, which is connected to the negative pressure dust suction port 4 of the modular closed conveying unit via a pipeline. The ash hopper 18 has a three-stage stepped baffle 14 for pre-settling coarse dust particles, and a valve 15 at the bottom for discharge.

[0040] 3. High-altitude adaptability antifreeze system: The high-altitude adaptability antifreeze system includes a pulse jet pipe 9 installed on the upper part of the dust removal unit support frame. The pulse jet pipe 9 is wrapped with a self-regulating electric heating tape 10 and equipped with a temperature controller 11, with a set temperature range of 10℃ to 50℃. At the same time, a pneumatic vibrator 12 is installed on the outer wall of the ash hopper 18 to periodically vibrate the ash hopper 18 and prevent dust from caking.

[0041] 4. Quick-release maintenance system: The quick-release maintenance system includes a T-shaped slide rail 20 and a spring lock 21. The filter bag 16 is slidably mounted on the T-shaped slide rail 20. When the filter bag 16 needs to be replaced, the spring lock 21 is unlocked, and the filter bag 16 is pulled out of the dust collector 6 through the T-shaped slide rail 20 for replacement. After replacement, the lock is reset and locked. The operation is simple and quick.

[0042] 5. Key points for device assembly Cover installation: Ensure that the stainless steel cover is flat and aligned, that the silicone gaskets between the flanges are not misaligned, that the bolt tightening torque is uniform, and that the sealed cavity is leak-free after pressure testing. Dust removal unit installation: The support frame needs to be leveled and aligned. The L-shaped bracket 7 should be in close contact with the ash hopper 18. The connection between the dust collector 6 and the ash hopper 18 should be sealed with sealant to prevent air leakage. Auxiliary system installation: When the self-regulating electric heating tape 10 is wrapped around the pulse jet pipe 9, it must fit tightly without any looseness; the installation position of the pneumatic vibrator 12 must avoid the weld seam of the ash hopper to ensure the vibration effect.

[0043] 6. Run the debugging process Negative pressure test: Start centrifugal fan 17 and adjust the speed through the fan frequency converter to stabilize the negative pressure inside the sealed enclosure at -50Pa to -150Pa. Monitor continuously for 30 minutes to confirm that there is no significant pressure fluctuation. Filtration performance debugging: Aggregate was added for trial operation with material, and the dust content at the outlet of dust collector 6 was tested by a dust detector to ensure that it meets the standard; the settling of coarse particles in ash hopper 18 was observed to verify the pre-settling effect of stepped baffle 14. Anti-freeze performance test: Simulate a high-altitude low-temperature environment (temperature ≤ -10℃), monitor the start-up status of the self-regulating electric heating tape 10 and the temperature of the pulse jet pipe 9, and ensure that it is maintained above 5℃; start the pneumatic vibrator 12 and observe that there is no dust caking in the ash hopper.

[0044] Example 2 In another preferred embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter dust collection method, the specific steps of which include: Step 1: Device assembly and negative pressure establishment: First, the head cover 1, expandable dust cover 2 and tail cover 3 of the modular enclosed conveyor unit are connected by flanges, and 2mm silicone gaskets are placed between the flanges of adjacent covers to ensure sealing, and then fixed to the belt conveyor frame.

[0045] Next, hang the PTFE-coated filter bag 16 on the T-shaped slide rail 20 inside the dust collector 6 and secure it with the spring lock 21. Connect the pipeline between the negative pressure suction port 4 and the dust collection unit, ensuring that the flange connection is tight and leak-free.

[0046] Wrap a self-regulating electric heating tape 10 around the pulse jet pipe 9 and install a pneumatic vibrator 12 on the outside of the ash hopper 18. Finally, start the centrifugal fan 17 and adjust the operating conditions to maintain a slight negative pressure state of -50Pa to -150Pa inside the enclosed hood.

[0047] Step 2, Dust Collection and Filtration: The dust-laden airflow generated during the transport of aggregates within the sealed enclosure is guided by the guide plate 5 under negative pressure and enters the dust collection unit ash hopper 18 through the pipeline.

[0048] Dust-laden gas first undergoes pre-settling through a three-stage stepped baffle 14 within the ash hopper 18, with coarse dust particles falling directly to the bottom of the hopper 18. Subsequently, the dust-laden gas rises through the filter bags 16, where dust is trapped on the surface of the filter bags, while clean gas is discharged from the device. During operation, the self-regulating electric heating tape 10 automatically adjusts its power according to the ambient temperature, maintaining the pulse jet cleaning system temperature above 5°C to prevent freezing. The pulse jet cleaning pipe 9 periodically cleans the ash hopper at a pressure of 0.4 MPa to 0.6 MPa, with the cleaning cycle automatically triggered based on the negative pressure value inside the hood or a preset time interval. Simultaneously, the pneumatic vibrator 12 periodically vibrates the ash hopper 18 to prevent dust caking.

[0049] Step 3, Maintenance and Filter Bag Replacement: When the system resistance exceeds the set value or the maintenance cycle is reached, first ensure that the safety interlock device has cut off the power supply to the dust collector unit. Then, unlock the spring lock 21 and pull the filter bag 16 to be replaced from the dust collector 6 via the T-shaped slide rail 20. After replacing the filter bag, reset the filter bag assembly along the T-shaped slide rail 20 and lock the spring lock 21. Finally, perform a pulse jet cleaning operation to verify whether the system pressure difference has returned to normal, ensuring that the device continues to operate efficiently.

[0050] 4. Daily Operation and Maintenance Standards Regular monitoring: Check the negative pressure of the enclosed cavity, the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the dust collector, the working status of the electric heating cable, and the operation of the pneumatic vibrator daily, and record key parameters; Dust removal: Open the bottom valve 15 of the ash hopper 18 regularly every week to discharge the pre-settled coarse dust particles and avoid accumulation that may affect equipment operation; Filter bag maintenance: Replace filter bags 16 in a timely manner according to the maintenance cycle specified in the equipment manual or the filter bag resistance threshold. After replacement, pulse jet cleaning verification must be performed to ensure that the system is operating normally.

[0051] Example 3 In another preferred embodiment, based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter dust collection belt conveyor, suitable for roller-compacted concrete dam abutment construction scenarios at an altitude of 4200m. The specific structure is as follows: The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor includes: a modular enclosed conveyor unit and a quick-release maintenance system; the modular enclosed conveyor unit includes a belt conveyor, and the belt conveyor is externally equipped with a head cover 1, an expandable dust cover 2 and a tail cover 3 connected in sequence. The top of the tail cover 3 is equipped with a negative pressure dust suction port 4, and the negative pressure dust suction port 4 is equipped with a guide plate 5 and connected to a centrifugal fan 17. The negative pressure dust suction port 4 is connected to the dust collection unit hopper 18 through a pipeline, and the dust collector 6 is connected above the hopper 18; a high-altitude adaptability antifreeze system is installed above the dust collection unit, which includes a pulse jet pipe 9 and a pneumatic vibrator 12. The pulse jet pipe 9 is wrapped with a self-regulating electric heating tape 10, and the pneumatic vibrator 12 is installed on the outer wall of the hopper 18; the quick-release maintenance system includes a T-shaped slide rail 20 and a spring lock 21, and a filter bag 16 is slidably installed on the T-shaped slide rail 20.

[0052] In the modular enclosed conveyor unit, the head cover 1, expandable dust cover 2, and tail cover 3 are all made of stainless steel. A 2mm thick silicone gasket is placed between the flanges of adjacent covers, and they are diagonally tightened with M12 stainless steel bolts to ensure that the pressure in the cover gaps is ≤-10Pa, preventing positive pressure leakage. The expandable dust cover 2 has a fixed belt conveyor bracket 8 at its bottom, and the tail cover 3 has a belt conveyor outlet 19 at its bottom and a negative pressure dust suction port 4 at its top. A 45° inclined guide plate 5 is installed inside, and the surface of the guide plate 5 is polished (Ra≤0.8μm) to reduce dust adhesion.

[0053] The dust removal unit includes an integrated support frame, on which four L-shaped brackets 7 are symmetrically mounted. The L-shaped brackets 7 are fixed to the support frame with HSM-10 high-strength bolts (bolt torque 180). A support frame is used to securely hold the ash hopper 18. An exhaust gas inlet 13 is located on the side of the ash hopper 18, directly connected to the negative pressure dust collection port 4 via a Φ300mm flange. A 2mm silicone gasket is added to the flange face for sealing. Inside the ash hopper 18, corresponding to the exhaust gas inlet 13, a three-stage stepped baffle 14 is installed. The bottom has a 20×300mm slot and a valve 15 for discharging pre-settled coarse particles. A dust collector 6 is installed in the middle of the support frame, above the ash hopper 18. The dust collector 6 is sealed and connected to the ash hopper 18. Twenty PTFE membrane filter bags 16 are evenly distributed and hung inside the dust collector 6. The filter bag 16 has a membrane thickness of 0.8μm and an air permeability of 3.5%. The components are evenly distributed and hung on the T-shaped slide rail 20. The T-shaped slide rail 20 is slidably installed on the support frame and locked and fixed by the spring lock 21, with a positioning accuracy of ±1mm.

[0054] In the high-altitude adaptability antifreeze system, the pulse jet pipe 9 is installed on the upper part of the support frame and connected to the dust collector 6. The outside of the pipe is spirally wound with a 25W / m self-regulating electric heating tape 10 with a pitch of 50±2mm. The heating tape is connected to the self-limiting temperature controller 11, and the temperature range is set to 10℃~50℃. Two pneumatic vibrators 12 are installed at a 30° angle on the outer wall of the ash hopper 18. The air source pressure is 0.4MPa, the working frequency is 50Hz, the amplitude is 2mm, and the PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is set to vibrate for 10 seconds every 15 minutes.

[0055] Centrifugal fan 17 is connected to dust hopper 18 and tail cover 3 of dust removal unit through pipeline. After starting, it establishes a -500Pa negative pressure zone at negative pressure suction port 4 to stably transport dust-laden gas to dust collector 6.

[0056] Example 4 In another preferred embodiment, based on embodiments 1 to 3, this embodiment provides a high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter dust collection method. The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter dust collection belt conveyor device described in embodiment 3 is used for dust collection operations at a dam abutment construction site at an altitude of 4200m and an ambient temperature of -18℃. The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: Device assembly and negative pressure establishment Connect and fix the head cover 1, expandable dust cover 2, and tail cover 3 sequentially to the conveyor frame, and use silicone gaskets between the flanges to lock them in place, ensuring the sealed cavity is airtight. Hang the filter bag 16 on the T-shaped slide rail 20 and push it into the dust collector 6, locking it with the spring lock 21. Connect the negative pressure suction port 4 to the exhaust gas inlet 13 using a sealed pipeline. Wrap the self-regulating electric heating tape 10 around the pulse jet pipe 9 and connect it to the temperature controller 11. Install the pneumatic vibrator 12 on the outer wall of the ash hopper 18 and connect it to the air source. Start the centrifugal fan 17 and adjust the fan operation to maintain a slight negative pressure state of -50Pa to -150Pa inside the sealed hood. Monitor the pressure for 30 minutes using a pressure sensor to confirm that there is no pressure fluctuation.

[0057] Step 2: Dust Collection and Filtration The belt conveyor is started to transport aggregates. The dust-laden airflow is guided by the guide plate 5 (flow velocity 12m / s) under negative pressure and enters the ash hopper 18 through the pipeline. After the dust-laden gas collides with the three-stage stepped baffle 14, coarse particles >30μm (settling efficiency 92%) fall into the ash hopper 18 through the bottom slot and are periodically discharged through the valve 15. The remaining gas containing fine dust rises into the dust collector 6 and is filtered by the PTFE membrane filter bag 16. The dust is trapped on the surface of the filter bag, and the clean gas (dust content ≤8mg / m³) is discharged. During operation, because the ambient temperature is below -10℃, the self-regulating electric heating tape 10 is automatically started to maintain the temperature of the pulse jet pipe 9 at 12℃. The pulse jet pipe 9 performs dust cleaning every 30 minutes according to the preset cycle, with a cleaning pressure of 0.5MPa and a jetting time of 0.5s. The cleaning cycle is automatically calibrated synchronously according to the negative pressure value inside the hood. The pneumatic vibrator 12 periodically vibrates the ash hopper 18 to prevent dust from caking.

[0058] Step 3: Maintenance and Filter Bag Replacement After the equipment has been running continuously for 300 hours, the resistance of filter bag 16 was detected to rise to 1.2 kPa, and the maintenance procedure was initiated: the safety interlock device automatically cut off the power supply to the dust removal unit, unlocked the spring lock 21, and pulled out the filter bag 16 as a whole along the T-shaped slide rail 20 (pulling stroke 500 mm, time ≤ 2 minutes), and replaced with a new PTFE membrane filter bag 16; the replaced filter bag assembly was reset along the T-shaped slide rail 20, the spring lock 21 was locked, and the power supply was reconnected; the PLC automatically performed a 0.5s, 0.5MPa pulse jet cleaning, and the system pressure difference was detected to return to the initial value, and the maintenance was completed (total time 22 minutes).

[0059] In this embodiment, the device operated continuously for 72 hours, achieving a dust removal efficiency of 98.7%. The PM2.5 concentration on site decreased from 320 μg / m³ to below 8 μg / m³, with no equipment icing. This fully meets the environmental protection and operational requirements for high-altitude construction.

[0060] In the preferred embodiment, the head cover 1, expandable dust cover 2, and tail cover 3 of the modular enclosed conveyor unit are made of stainless steel, and silicone gaskets are provided between the flanges of adjacent covers; the surface of the guide plate 5 is polished to reduce dust adhesion; the above settings can effectively improve the sealing and corrosion resistance of the conveyor unit, and reduce dust leakage and accumulation during the conveying process. At the same time, the polished guide plate can reduce airflow resistance, ensure smooth material conveying, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0061] In the preferred embodiment, the expandable dust cover 2 is provided with a belt conveyor support 8 at its bottom, and the tail cover 3 is provided with a belt conveyor discharge port 19 at its bottom. These features allow the expandable dust cover 2 to be flexibly adjusted according to the height of the belt conveyor, effectively covering the material transmission area and reducing dust spillage. The discharge port 19 of the tail cover 3 is precisely connected to the end of the belt conveyor, ensuring smooth material discharge, avoiding material accumulation and blockage, and improving overall operating efficiency.

[0062] In the preferred embodiment, the centrifugal fan 17 is connected to the dust hopper 18 and tail cover 3 of the dust removal unit via pipelines, creating negative pressure at the negative pressure suction port 4 to transport the dust-laden gas to the dust collector 6 for filtration. This configuration effectively improves dust removal efficiency and reduces dust overflow. Simultaneously, the rational pipeline design reduces gas transport resistance, ensuring stable system operation. The optimized layout of the negative pressure suction port 4 allows for all-around dust capture, further improving the working environment and meeting environmental protection requirements.

[0063] In a preferred embodiment, the dust removal unit includes a support frame with several L-shaped brackets 7 mounted on it. The L-shaped brackets 7 support the ash hopper 18. A dust collector 6 is installed above the ash hopper 18 in the middle of the support frame, and the dust collector 6 is connected to the ash hopper 18. This arrangement ensures that the ash hopper 18 is stably placed on the L-shaped brackets 7, the dust collector 6 can efficiently suck in and purify the dust-laden gas, the purified gas is discharged, and the dust falls into the ash hopper 18 for collection. Furthermore, the support frame has a reasonable structure and can withstand various forces during equipment operation, ensuring the stable operation of the dust removal unit.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment, the ash hopper 18 is equipped with an exhaust gas inlet 13, which is connected to the negative pressure dust collection port 4 of the modular closed conveying unit via a pipeline. A stepped baffle 14 is installed inside the ash hopper 18, connecting to the exhaust gas inlet 13. A valve 15 is installed at the bottom of the ash hopper 18 for discharging coarse particles. This configuration effectively guides the exhaust gas along the stepped baffle 14 to form a spiral airflow, extending the dust settling path and allowing large particles to separate from the airflow under centrifugal force. The valve 15 employs a pneumatic slide gate valve structure, combined with an anti-stick coating on the inner wall of the ash hopper 18, ensuring thorough and unobstructed discharge of coarse particles.

[0065] In a preferred embodiment, the dust collector 6 contains several filter bags 16, which are evenly distributed and hung on T-shaped slide rails 20. The T-shaped slide rails 20 are slidably mounted on a support frame and secured with spring locks 21. This configuration makes the installation and removal of the filter bags 16 more convenient, facilitating daily maintenance and replacement. When it is necessary to clean or replace the filter bags 16, simply loosen the spring locks 21 and pull out the T-shaped slide rails 20 to easily remove the filter bags 16, greatly improving work efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, the filter bag 16 is made of PTFE membrane material. This configuration enables the filter bag 16 to have excellent filtration efficiency, effectively intercepting fine particles. Its smooth surface makes it less prone to dust adhesion, facilitating cleaning and maintenance. This greatly extends the service life of the filter bag, reduces replacement costs, and improves the stability and reliability of the overall filtration system.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment, the high-altitude adaptability antifreeze system includes a pulse jet pipe 9, which is installed on the upper part of the support frame of the dust removal unit. A self-regulating electric heating tape 10 is wrapped around the outside of the pulse jet pipe 9. The pulse jet pipe 9 is connected to the dust collector 6. A temperature controller 11 is installed on the self-regulating electric heating tape 10 to set a temperature range. These features ensure that the pulse jet pipe 9 operates normally in low-temperature environments, and the self-regulating electric heating tape 10 automatically adjusts its heating power according to the ambient temperature. When the temperature is below the set range, the temperature controller 11 starts heating; when the temperature reaches the set range, heating stops, effectively preventing the pulse jet pipe 9 from freezing and cracking.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, the high-altitude adaptability antifreeze system further includes a pneumatic vibrator 12, which is installed on the outer wall of the ash hopper 18 for periodic vibration of the ash hopper 18. This configuration effectively prevents ash from accumulating and hardening on the inner wall of the ash hopper 18, especially in low-temperature environments, avoiding a reduction in the effective volume of the ash hopper 18 due to ash adhesion. The pneumatic vibrator 12 is driven by an air compressor, and its vibration frequency and intensity are adjustable to adapt to different working conditions.

[0069] In the preferred embodiment, step 1, establishing and maintaining a stable negative pressure within the enclosed enclosure, specifically involves adjusting the operating conditions of the centrifugal fan 17 to maintain a slight negative pressure of -50Pa to -150Pa within the enclosed enclosure. This setting effectively prevents the leakage of harmful gases and ensures a safe working environment. Simultaneously, the negative pressure promotes air circulation and improves equipment heat dissipation efficiency. Operators must regularly check the operating status of the centrifugal fan 17 to ensure the negative pressure value remains stable within the set range, avoiding fluctuations that could affect operational performance.

[0070] In the preferred embodiment, in step 2, the pulse jet pipe 9 is periodically cleaned at a pressure of 0.4 MPa to 0.6 MPa. The cleaning cycle is automatically triggered based on the negative pressure value inside the hood or a preset time interval. This setting effectively avoids clogging of the pulse jet pipe 9 due to untimely cleaning, ensuring stable cleaning performance. Furthermore, the automatic triggering based on the negative pressure value inside the hood or a preset time interval allows for flexible adaptation to different operating conditions, extending equipment lifespan and reducing maintenance costs.

[0071] In the preferred embodiment, step 3, in which the filter bag 16 to be replaced is pulled out of the dust collector 6 via the T-shaped slide rail 20, is performed after the power supply to the dust collection unit has been cut off by the safety interlock device. This arrangement ensures that operators are in a power-off safe environment when replacing the filter bag 16, avoiding the risk of electric shock. Simultaneously, the T-shaped slide rail 20 design allows for smooth pulling of the filter bag 16, reducing replacement time and manpower consumption, further improving equipment maintenance efficiency and safety.

[0072] In the preferred embodiment, in step 2, when the ambient temperature is below -10℃, the self-regulating electric heating tape 10 is activated to maintain the temperature of the pulse jet system above 5℃. This setting effectively prevents gas condensation within the pulse jet system due to low temperatures, ensuring normal system operation. Simultaneously, the self-regulating electric heating tape 10 can automatically adjust its power according to the actual temperature, achieving both energy savings and precise temperature control, thus ensuring stable operation of the pulse jet system.

[0073] In summary, this invention proposes a high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor and dust removal method, which effectively solves specific technical problems such as serious dust leakage in the aggregate conveying process during concrete construction in high-altitude areas, easy freezing and failure of dust removal equipment in low-temperature environments, and difficulty in maintaining traditional equipment. It successfully overcomes the limitations of traditional belt conveyors and dust removal equipment in high-altitude environments, achieving the goals of near-zero dust emissions, equipment antifreeze, and convenient maintenance.

[0074] In terms of design concept, this scheme first adopts a fully enclosed conveying chamber combined with micro-negative pressure collection and PTFE membrane filter bag graded filtration technology to control dust in the aggregate conveying process of concrete construction in high-altitude areas from source to end, significantly reducing dust emissions; it designs an anti-freeze system that works in conjunction with a self-regulating electric heating cable 10 and a pneumatic vibrator 12 to effectively solve the problems of pipeline icing and dust caking in high-altitude and low-temperature environments, ensuring stable equipment operation; it uses a modular integrated design concept to tightly couple the dust removal unit and the conveying unit, without occupying a large amount of extra space, making it particularly suitable for narrow construction sites at high altitudes; it develops a quick-release maintenance system with a safety interlock device, enabling filter bag 16 replacement without disassembling the pipeline, simplifying operation and ensuring operator safety, thus improving construction efficiency; and it adopts a structural design with a stainless steel cover sealed with silicone gaskets and supported by an L-shaped bracket 7. It possesses excellent wind load and corrosion resistance, making it suitable for harsh high-altitude construction environments. Through a high-altitude adaptable antifreeze system, the electric heating tape 10 automatically activates when the ambient temperature drops below -10℃, maintaining the pulse jet pipeline temperature above 5℃ and completely solving the problem of pipeline icing. Utilizing an L-shaped bracket 7 with an inverted design, the dust collector is embedded in the unused space below the conveyor belt, reducing the floor space by 59.4% and improving space utilization. A sliding rail quick-release structure allows the dust collector 6 to be pulled out laterally, facilitating rapid filter bag replacement and reducing replacement time from the traditional 120 minutes to 25 minutes. A graded purification mode employing stepped baffles 14 for coarse dust pre-settling and PTFE-coated filter bags 16 for fine dust deep filtration significantly improves dust interception efficiency. The design of directly connecting the negative pressure suction port 4 at the top of the tail hood 3 to the exhaust inlet of the dust collector 6 reduces pipeline connection risks and achieves zero dust escape.

[0075] In terms of technical solutions, this solution proposes a combination of fully enclosed conveying and high-efficiency baghouse dust collection, significantly reducing PM2.5 concentration on-site, meeting the stringent environmental protection requirements of high-altitude areas, and achieving near-zero dust emissions. A carefully designed anti-freezing mechanism, with self-regulating electric heating tape 10 and pneumatic vibrator 12 working in tandem, ensures that dust collection efficiency remains high even at -25℃ or lower temperatures, solving the problem of traditional equipment freezing easily in high-altitude areas. A clever modular integrated design tightly couples the dust collection unit, anti-freezing system, and conveying unit, saving space and improving the overall stability and reliability of the equipment. A quick-release maintenance system, using a combination of T-shaped slide rails 20 and spring locks 21, along with a safety interlock device, ensures convenient and safe replacement of filter bags 16, significantly reducing maintenance labor intensity. A stainless steel cover combined with silicone gaskets provides a secure seal. The integrated structural design not only possesses excellent corrosion resistance and low-temperature resistance but also effectively resists interference from strong winds at high altitudes, extending the equipment's service life. Through the unique design of the plateau-adaptive antifreeze system, the equipment maintains highly efficient and stable dust removal performance even in extreme low-temperature environments, ensuring continuous construction. The ingenious use of the L-shaped bracket 7's inverted design embeds the dust collector 6 into the unused space below the conveyor belt, achieving efficient space utilization and reducing the difficulty of construction layout. The designed quick-release sliding rail structure significantly shortens the replacement time of the filter bag 16 without disassembling the pipeline, significantly improving maintenance efficiency and reducing maintenance costs. Through airflow optimization design, the risks associated with pipeline connections are reduced, achieving zero dust dispersion and improving the overall performance and stability of the system. This solution has demonstrated outstanding performance and practicality in the assembly, commissioning, and operation of actual construction scenarios, providing a brand-new solution for dust control in aggregate transportation during concrete construction in high-altitude areas.

Claims

1. A high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor, characterized in that, include: Modular enclosed conveyor unit and quick-release maintenance system; The modular enclosed conveyor unit includes a belt conveyor. The belt conveyor is equipped with a head cover (1), an expandable dust cover (2), and a tail cover (3) connected in sequence. The tail cover (3) has a negative pressure dust suction port (4) at the top. The negative pressure dust suction port (4) has a guide plate (5) inside and is connected to a centrifugal fan (17). The negative pressure dust suction port (4) is connected to the dust removal unit hopper (18) through a pipeline. The dust collector (6) is connected above the hopper (18). A high-altitude adaptability antifreeze system is installed above the dust removal unit. The high-altitude adaptability antifreeze system includes a pulse jet pipe (9) and a pneumatic vibrator (12). A self-regulating electric heating tape (10) is wrapped around the pulse jet pipe (9). The pneumatic vibrator (12) is installed on the outer wall of the hopper (18). The quick-release maintenance system includes a T-shaped slide rail (20) and a spring lock (21). A filter bag (16) is slidably installed on the T-shaped slide rail (20).

2. The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head cover (1), expandable dust cover (2) and tail cover (3) of the modular closed conveyor unit are made of stainless steel, and silicone gaskets are provided between the flanges of adjacent covers; the surface of the guide plate (5) is polished to reduce dust adhesion; the bottom of the expandable dust cover (2) is provided with a belt conveyor bracket (8), and the bottom of the tail cover (3) is provided with a belt conveyor outlet (19).

3. The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The centrifugal fan (17) is connected to the dust hopper (18) and tail cover (3) of the dust removal unit through a pipeline. A negative pressure is formed at the negative pressure suction port (4) to transport the dust-laden gas to the dust collector (6) for filtration.

4. The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust removal unit includes a support frame, on which several L-shaped brackets (7) are installed. The L-shaped brackets (7) are used to support the ash hopper (18). A dust collector (6) is installed above the ash hopper (18) in the middle of the support frame. The dust collector (6) is connected to the ash hopper (18).

5. The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ash hopper (18) is provided with an exhaust gas inlet (13), which is connected to the negative pressure dust suction port (4) of the modular closed conveying unit through a pipeline. A stepped baffle (14) is installed inside the ash hopper (18), which is connected to the exhaust gas inlet (13). A valve (15) is provided at the bottom of the ash hopper (18) for discharging coarse particles.

6. The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dust collector (6) has several filter bags (16) installed inside. The filter bags (16) are evenly hung on the T-shaped slide rail (20). The T-shaped slide rail (20) is slidably installed on the support frame and locked and fixed by spring lock buckle (21). The filter bags (16) are made of PTFE membrane material.

7. The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-altitude adaptability antifreeze system includes a pulse jet pipe (9), which is installed on the upper part of the support frame of the dust removal unit. A self-regulating electric heating tape (10) is wrapped around the outside of the pulse jet pipe (9). The pulse jet pipe (9) is connected to the dust collector (6). A temperature controller (11) is installed on the self-regulating electric heating tape (10) to set the temperature range. The high-altitude adaptability antifreeze system also includes a pneumatic vibrator (12), which is installed on the outer wall of the ash hopper (18) for periodically vibrating the ash hopper (18).

8. A high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter dust collection method, characterized in that, The method for dust removal using the high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter belt conveyor as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 includes the following steps: Step 1: Assembly and establishment of negative pressure. Install the covers and conveyor frame on the outer periphery of the conveyor belt, and ensure sealing by placing silicone gaskets between the flanges of each cover. Assemble the dust removal unit, connect the dust collector (6) and the ash hopper (18), and connect the ash hopper (18) to the negative pressure suction port (4) of the modular closed conveyor unit. Wrap the self-regulating electric heating tape (10) around the pulse jet pipe (9) and install the pneumatic vibrator (12) on the outside of the ash hopper (18). Start the centrifugal fan (17) to establish and maintain a stable negative pressure state in the closed cover. Step 2: Dust collection and filtration. The dust-laden airflow generated during the transport of aggregates in the sealed enclosure is guided by the guide plate (5) under negative pressure and enters the dust collection unit hopper (18) through the pipeline. After the dust-laden gas is pre-settled in the hopper (18), it rises and is filtered by the dust collector (6). The clean gas is discharged, and the dust is trapped on the surface of the filter bag (16). During operation, the self-regulating electric heating tape (10) maintains the temperature of the pulse jet system, the pulse jet pipe (9) cleans the dust on the filter bag (16) regularly, and the pneumatic vibrator (12) periodically vibrates the hopper (18). Step 3: Maintenance and filter bag replacement. When the number of times the filter bag (16) is used exceeds the set value or the maintenance cycle is reached, unlock the spring lock (21) and pull out the filter bag (16) to be replaced through the T-shaped slide rail (20). Reset and lock the replaced filter bag (16) along the T-shaped slide rail (20) and perform pulse jet cleaning to verify the recovery of system differential pressure.

9. The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter dust collection method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step 1, a stable negative pressure state is established and maintained in the enclosed enclosure, specifically by adjusting the operating conditions of the centrifugal fan (17) to maintain a slight negative pressure of -50Pa to -150Pa in the enclosed enclosure.

10. The high-altitude fully enclosed bag filter dust collection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 2, the pulse jet pipe (9) is cleaned periodically with a cleaning pressure of 0.4MPa to 0.6MPa. The cleaning cycle is automatically triggered according to the negative pressure value inside the hood or the preset time interval. When the ambient temperature is below -10℃, the self-regulating electric heating tape (10) is started to maintain the temperature of the pulse jet system above 5℃.

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