System for decomposing and nitrifying fish manure through microorganisms and filtering fish manure through plants

Abstract

The invention provides a system for microbial decomposition and nitrification of fish manure and plant filtration, and relates to the technical field of data processing, which comprises the following steps: feeding a decomposed water body into a nitrification filter material layer through water permeable holes in a partition plate, and carrying out nitrification treatment by nitrifying bacteria; the water treatment layer is used for conveying the nitrified water body to a plant planting layer to complete water purification, monitoring the water outlet pressure and nitrate concentration, and generating a filter bag blockage early warning signal when the pressure reaches a preset threshold value; and the controller is used for reducing the flow of the water pump to prolong the residence time of water in the plant planting layer when the nitrate concentration reaches a preset threshold value based on the filter bag blockage early warning signal and the nitrate concentration monitoring data, and restoring the water pump to operate according to the final target flow when no early warning signal exists and the nitrate concentration is lower than the preset threshold value. The fish manure decomposition efficiency, the water purification quality and the accuracy and stability of overall operation are effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a fish manure decomposition and nitrification system using microorganisms and plant filtration. Background Technology

[0002] In factory-scale recirculating aquaculture systems, existing water treatment processes primarily rely on physical filtration equipment to address uneaten feed, feces, and suspended particulate matter generated during high-density aquaculture. This includes devices such as microfilters with screens, sand filters with backwashing capabilities, and protein skimmers for adsorbing organic matter, all operating in tandem. These devices help achieve solid-liquid separation and preliminary purification of the water by intercepting particles and separating impurities, providing basic water quality assurance for farmed organisms. However, this type of treatment may face challenges due to relatively high energy consumption. For example, the backwashing power of sand filters and the bubble generator of protein skimmers typically require continuous energy consumption, and the overall power consumption may accumulate when multiple devices operate in tandem for extended periods, potentially increasing long-term aquaculture operating costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fish manure decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system that effectively improves the fish manure decomposition efficiency, water purification quality and overall operational accuracy and stability.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: Firstly, a fish waste decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system includes: The processing module is used to collect the ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration and turbidity of the water body, and calculate the initial target flow rate of the water pump based on the ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration and turbidity, combined with the preset nitrogen concentration flow coefficient, turbidity flow coefficient and basic flow rate. The control module is used to acquire real-time water quality data measured by sensors inside the aquaculture tank and at the outlet of the nitrification tank based on the initial target flow rate, analyze the change characteristics to obtain the flow adjustment value, correct the initial target flow rate based on the flow adjustment value to obtain the final target flow rate, and adjust the water pump operating power according to the final target flow rate. The filtration module is used to transport the water and fish waste in the aquaculture pond to the filter bag at the bottom of the nitrification tank for aerobic bacterial decomposition according to the adjusted water pump operating power. The decomposed water is then sent to the nitrification filter media layer through the water permeable holes on the partition, where nitrification is carried out by nitrifying bacteria. The monitoring module is used to transport the nitrified water to the plant layer to complete the water purification and monitor the effluent pressure and nitrate concentration. When the pressure reaches the preset threshold, it generates a filter bag blockage warning signal. The control module is used to reduce the water pump flow rate to prolong the water residence time in the plant layer when the nitrate concentration reaches a preset threshold, based on the filter bag blockage warning signal and nitrate concentration monitoring data. When there is no warning signal and the nitrate concentration is lower than the preset threshold, the water pump is restored to operate at the final target flow rate.

[0005] In a second aspect, a computing device includes: One or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs that, when executed by one or more processors, enable the one or more processors to implement the system.

[0006] Thirdly, a computer-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, implements the system.

[0007] The above-described solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The processing module calculates the initial target flow rate based on ammonia nitrogen, nitrite concentration, and turbidity. The control module then adjusts the flow rate and regulates the pump power by combining real-time water quality data from the aquaculture tank and nitrification tank outlets. This avoids energy waste or insufficient purification caused by blindly setting the flow rate, and improves the matching degree between flow rate and water quality requirements. The monitoring module monitors the outlet pressure and nitrate concentration in real time, which can generate early warning signals in time when the filter bags are clogged, and also provide the control module with the basis for water quality compliance. The control module adaptively adjusts the flow rate based on the early warning and nitrate concentration to avoid system failures caused by filter bag clogging, while ensuring stable and compliant purification effect.

[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a fish manure decomposition and nitrification system and plant filtration system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process of collecting ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration and turbidity of water body according to an embodiment of the present invention, and calculating the initial target flow rate of water pump based on ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration and turbidity, combined with preset nitrogen concentration flow coefficient, turbidity flow coefficient and basic flow rate. Detailed Implementation

[0010] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0011] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes a fish manure decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system, comprising: The processing module is used to collect the ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration and turbidity of the water body, and calculate the initial target flow rate of the water pump based on the ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration and turbidity, combined with the preset nitrogen concentration flow coefficient, turbidity flow coefficient and basic flow rate. The control module is used to acquire real-time water quality data measured by sensors inside the aquaculture tank and at the outlet of the nitrification tank based on the initial target flow rate, analyze the change characteristics to obtain the flow adjustment value, correct the initial target flow rate based on the flow adjustment value to obtain the final target flow rate, and adjust the water pump operating power according to the final target flow rate. The filtration module is used to transport the water and fish waste in the aquaculture pond to the filter bag at the bottom of the nitrification tank for aerobic bacterial decomposition according to the adjusted water pump operating power. The decomposed water is then sent to the nitrification filter media layer through the water permeable holes on the partition, where nitrification is carried out by nitrifying bacteria. The monitoring module is used to transport the nitrified water to the plant layer to complete the water purification and monitor the effluent pressure and nitrate concentration. When the pressure reaches the preset threshold, it generates a filter bag blockage warning signal. The control module is used to reduce the water pump flow rate to prolong the water residence time in the plant layer when the nitrate concentration reaches a preset threshold, based on the filter bag blockage warning signal and nitrate concentration monitoring data. When there is no warning signal and the nitrate concentration is lower than the preset threshold, the water pump is restored to operate at the final target flow rate.

[0012] In this embodiment of the invention, the processing module calculates the initial target flow rate based on ammonia nitrogen, nitrite concentration, and turbidity. The control module then adjusts the flow rate and regulates the pump power by combining real-time water quality data from the aquaculture tank and nitrification tank outlets. This avoids energy waste or insufficient purification caused by blindly setting the flow rate, and improves the matching degree between the flow rate and water quality requirements. The monitoring module monitors the outlet pressure and nitrate concentration in real time, which can generate early warning signals in time when the filter bags are clogged, and also provide the control module with a basis for water quality compliance. The control module adaptively adjusts the flow rate based on the early warning and nitrate concentration to avoid system failures caused by filter bag clogging, while ensuring stable and compliant purification effects.

[0013] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration, and turbidity of the water body are collected, and based on the ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration, and turbidity, combined with preset nitrogen concentration flow coefficient, turbidity flow coefficient, and basic flow rate, the initial target flow rate of the water pump is calculated, which may include: Based on the real-time collected ammonia nitrogen concentration, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is compared with the preset ammonia nitrogen concentration benchmark value to obtain the ammonia nitrogen concentration deviation value. The ammonia nitrogen concentration deviation value is multiplied by the preset ammonia nitrogen flow rate influence coefficient to calculate the first flow rate adjustment component corresponding to ammonia nitrogen. Specifically, this includes: selecting and installing sensors. For the rectangular or circular aquaculture ponds commonly found in factory-scale recirculating aquaculture workshops, high-precision ammonia nitrogen concentration sensors, nitrite concentration sensors, and turbidity sensors are selected. The ammonia nitrogen concentration sensor and nitrite concentration sensor must have a detection range of 0-10 mg / L (accuracy ±0.01 mg / L), and the turbidity sensor must have a detection range of 0 to 100 NTU. Measurement range (accuracy ±1 NTU); In terms of installation location, the ammonia nitrogen concentration sensor and the nitrite concentration sensor are fixed in the middle layer of two opposite walls of the aquaculture pond (30 to 50 cm from the bottom of the pond), avoiding the water flow disturbance area generated by the inlet, outlet and aeration equipment. At the same time, an additional set of the same type of sensor is installed at the bottom of the aquaculture pond (10 to 15 cm from the bottom of the pond) to monitor the concentration of harmful nitrogenous substances in the sedimentation area at the bottom of the pond. The turbidity sensor is installed in the middle layer of the pond wall at the midpoint of the long side of the aquaculture pond (40 to 60 cm from the bottom of the pond), with the sensor probe facing the direction of water flow to avoid the bottom sediment or floating objects on the water surface directly blocking the probe and affecting the detection accuracy. Secondly, the sampling frequency and data recording method are determined, and the sampling frequency is adjusted according to different stages of factory farming: during the fry rearing period (2 to 5 cm in length), ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration, and turbidity data are collected every 2 minutes because the fry are sensitive to water quality fluctuations; during the adult fish rearing period (over 10 cm in length), the above data are collected every 5 minutes; each time data is collected, the sampling time, the rearing pond number, and the current activity status of the farmed organisms (such as whether there is surfacing, abnormal feeding, etc.) are recorded simultaneously. The data is transmitted in real time to the storage area of ​​the control terminal in CSV format for later retrieval; the collected data is preprocessed. If the value deviation of a sensor exceeds the accuracy range of the sensor for 3 consecutive measurements, such as ammonia nitrogen concentration deviation > 0.01 mg / L for 3 consecutive measurements, it is judged as a temporary sensor failure or data abnormality. At this time, the abnormal data is automatically discarded, and the average value of the 5 data collected before the sensor failure is taken as temporary replacement data; if the data collected by a sensor is abnormal for 10 consecutive measurements, a sensor failure warning is triggered to remind the staff to calibrate or replace the sensor in time to ensure the accuracy of the collected data.

[0014] Based on the preliminary comprehensive adjustment amount and combined with the collected turbidity, the turbidity is compared with the preset turbidity benchmark value to obtain the turbidity deviation value. The turbidity deviation value is multiplied by the preset turbidity flow coefficient to obtain the second flow adjustment component corresponding to the turbidity. The preliminary comprehensive adjustment amount and the second flow adjustment component corresponding to the turbidity are added together and accumulated with the preset base flow rate to obtain the initial target flow rate of the water pump. Specifically, this includes: determining a preset ammonia nitrogen concentration benchmark value, which ranges from 0.02 to 0.05 mg / L. This benchmark value is a reasonable value set according to the different tolerances of ammonia nitrogen to different species in factory recirculating aquaculture, such as fish and crustaceans. For example, the benchmark value is set at 0.03 mg / L when farming freshwater perch, and at 0.02 mg / L when farming whiteleg shrimp. The real-time collected ammonia nitrogen concentration (taken from the pool wall) is used to calculate the target flow rate of the water pump. The average value of the ammonia nitrogen concentration collected by the middle and bottom sensors is compared with this preset ammonia nitrogen concentration benchmark value. The ammonia nitrogen concentration deviation value is obtained by subtracting the preset ammonia nitrogen concentration benchmark value from the real-time collected average ammonia nitrogen concentration value. Then, a preset ammonia nitrogen flow rate influence coefficient is determined. This coefficient ranges from 0.3 to 0.8 L / (h・mg / L). It is a reasonable coefficient used to correlate ammonia nitrogen concentration deviation and flow rate adjustment, which is derived from a large number of factory farming experiments. When the stocking density is 30 to 50 fish / cubic meter, the coefficient is 0.5 L / (h・mg / L). When the stocking density exceeds 50 fish / cubic meter, the coefficient is increased to 0.7 L / (h・mg / L). The obtained ammonia nitrogen concentration deviation value is multiplied by this preset ammonia nitrogen flow rate influence coefficient. Through this multiplication operation, the first flow rate adjustment component corresponding to ammonia nitrogen is calculated.

[0015] The nitrite concentration is compared with a preset nitrite concentration benchmark value to obtain the nitrite concentration deviation value. This deviation value is then added to the first flow adjustment component to obtain a preliminary comprehensive adjustment amount based on ammonia nitrogen and nitrite. Specifically, this includes: determining a preset nitrite concentration benchmark value, which ranges from 0.01 to 0.03 mg / L. This benchmark value is set according to the suitable water quality environment for cultured organisms (such as fish fry and adult fish) in factory-style recirculating aquaculture systems. For example, the benchmark value is set at 0.01 mg / L for fish fry and 0.03 mg / L for adult fish. To avoid nitrite affecting the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood of cultured organisms, the nitrite concentration collected in real time in step 100 (the average value of the values ​​collected by the sensors in the middle and bottom layers of the pool wall) is compared with this preset nitrite concentration benchmark value. The preset nitrite concentration benchmark value is subtracted from the average value of the real-time collected nitrite concentration to obtain the nitrite concentration deviation value. This obtained nitrite concentration deviation value is added to the first flow adjustment component corresponding to ammonia nitrogen. Through this addition operation, a preliminary comprehensive adjustment amount based on ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is obtained.

[0016] This embodiment collects water quality parameters in real time to calculate the target flow rate of the water pump. The reference values ​​and coefficients of each parameter have clear ranges to ensure accurate calculation. This allows the water pump to dynamically adjust its operating power according to the actual water quality requirements, avoiding the energy waste caused by the continuous high-power operation of existing equipment and effectively reducing energy costs in the aquaculture process.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on an initial target flow rate, real-time water quality data measured by sensors inside the aquaculture pond and at the outlet of the nitrification tank is acquired, and the change characteristics are analyzed to obtain a flow rate adjustment value. The initial target flow rate is then corrected based on the flow rate adjustment value to obtain the final target flow rate. The pump operating power is then adjusted according to the final target flow rate. This may include: Based on the initial target flow rate, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite concentration data are acquired from sensors inside the aquaculture pond and at the outlet of the nitrification tank. Based on these data, the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency is calculated and compared with a preset benchmark value to obtain the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value. Specifically, this includes: synchronously acquiring ammonia nitrogen and nitrite concentration data; during each acquisition, the average value of the middle and bottom sensors in the aquaculture pond is taken as the real-time concentration in the aquaculture pond, and the sensor value at the outlet of the nitrification tank is directly read as the real-time concentration at the outlet, with the data synchronously transmitted to the control terminal; and comparing the acquired average ammonia nitrogen concentration in the aquaculture pond with the nitrification tank outlet water... The ammonia nitrogen concentration at the outlet is calculated by subtracting the ammonia nitrogen concentration at the outlet of the nitrification tank from the average ammonia nitrogen concentration in the aquaculture pond to obtain the ammonia nitrogen removal amount. The ammonia nitrogen removal amount is then divided by the average ammonia nitrogen concentration in the aquaculture pond to obtain the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency. A preset ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency benchmark value is determined, based on the microbial activity in the nitrification tank. For example, aerobic bacteria activity is optimal at a temperature of 25 to 30°C, and the benchmark value is set to 70 to 80%, along with the aquaculture density. The calculated ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency is compared with this preset ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency benchmark value, and the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value is obtained by subtracting the preset ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency benchmark value from the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency.

[0018] Based on the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value, combined with the real-time nitrite concentration data measured by sensors inside the aquaculture pond and at the outlet of the nitrification tank, the nitrite concentration removal efficiency is calculated. The nitrite concentration removal efficiency is then compared with a preset nitrite removal efficiency benchmark value to obtain the nitrite removal efficiency deviation value. Specifically, based on the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value, the acquired nitrite concentration data is processed simultaneously, and the nitrite concentration value at the outlet of the nitrification tank is subtracted from the average nitrite concentration in the aquaculture pond (the average value of the middle and bottom layer sensors) to obtain the nitrite removal amount. The nitrite removal efficiency is obtained by dividing the amount of nitrite removed by the average nitrite concentration in the aquaculture pond. A preset benchmark value for nitrite removal efficiency is determined, which is based on the conversion capacity of nitrifying bacteria on the nitrifying filter media. For example, if the filter media filling volume is 30 to 40% of the nitrification tank volume, the benchmark value is set to 60 to 70%. The calculated nitrite removal efficiency is compared with this preset benchmark value, and the deviation value of the nitrite removal efficiency is obtained by subtracting the preset benchmark value from the nitrite removal efficiency.

[0019] Based on the deviation values ​​of nitrite removal efficiency and ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency, preset weighting coefficients are assigned to each deviation value. The weighted ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value and the weighted nitrite removal efficiency deviation value are added together to obtain a preliminary comprehensive evaluation value. The preliminary comprehensive evaluation value is then standardized to fall within a preset evaluation value range to obtain the final comprehensive efficiency evaluation value. Specifically, this includes assigning preset weighting coefficients to each deviation value, with the weighting coefficient for ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value set to 0.6 and the weighting coefficient for nitrite removal efficiency deviation value set to 0. 4 (Based on the degree of harm of the two substances to farmed organisms, ammonia nitrogen is more toxic and therefore has a higher weight); Multiply the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value by 0.6 to obtain the weighted ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value, and multiply the nitrite removal efficiency deviation value by 0.4 to obtain the weighted nitrite removal efficiency deviation value; Add the two weighted deviation values ​​to obtain the preliminary comprehensive evaluation value; Standardize the preliminary comprehensive evaluation value, set the preset evaluation value range to 0 to 1, subtract the minimum value of this range from the preliminary comprehensive evaluation value, and then divide by the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of this range, so that the result falls between 0 and 1, and obtain the final comprehensive efficiency evaluation value.

[0020] Based on the comprehensive efficiency evaluation value, and according to the preset correspondence between the evaluation value and the flow adjustment value, the flow adjustment value is obtained; the flow adjustment value is superimposed with the initial target flow to obtain the final target flow, and the pump operating power is controlled. Specifically, this includes: based on the comprehensive efficiency evaluation value, and according to the preset correspondence between the evaluation value and the flow adjustment value (e.g., when the comprehensive efficiency evaluation value is 0 to 0.3, the flow adjustment value is -10% of the initial target flow; when it is 0.3 to 0.7, the flow adjustment value is 0; when it is 0.7 to 1, the flow adjustment value is 10% of the initial target flow), determining the corresponding flow adjustment value; superimposing the flow adjustment value with the initial target flow obtained in step 500 (if the adjustment value is negative, subtraction is performed; if it is positive, addition is performed) to obtain the final target flow; the control terminal transmits the final target flow to the pump, and the pump adjusts its operating power according to the final target flow.

[0021] In this embodiment, the process dynamically adjusts the water pump flow rate by calculating the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in real time. When the filtration efficiency is sufficient, the flow rate is reduced, and when the efficiency is insufficient, the flow rate is appropriately increased, thus avoiding the energy waste caused by the constant power of traditional equipment.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water and fish excrement in the aquaculture pond are transported to the filter bag at the bottom of the nitrification tank for aerobic bacterial decomposition according to the adjusted water pump operating power. The decomposed water is then fed into the nitrification filter media layer through the permeable holes on the partition, where nitrification is performed by nitrifying bacteria. This process may include: Based on the pump operating power corresponding to the final target flow rate, the pump is controlled to transport the water containing fish feces in the aquaculture pond to the bottom of the nitrification tank. Specifically, the pump is fixedly installed in the central area of ​​the aquaculture pond in the factory-style recirculating aquaculture workshop. Its outlet is connected to the bottom of the nitrification tank through a corrosion-resistant conveying pipe, such as PVC material, with the pipe diameter set according to the volume of the aquaculture pond. For a 10 to 50 cubic meter aquaculture pond, the corresponding pipe diameter is 20 to 40 mm. Based on the previously calculated final target flow rate, the control unit sends a power adjustment signal to the water pump: when the final target flow rate is high, such as when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen or nitrite in the aquaculture pond exceeds the benchmark value, or when the turbidity is too high as calculated, the water pump increases its operating power to accelerate the water delivery speed, ensuring that the water containing fish feces, uneaten feed, and suspended particles in the aquaculture pond can be fully extracted, and that the delivery pressure is sufficient to drive the water to complete the stratification treatment in the nitrification tank; when the final target flow rate is low, such as when the water quality parameters are close to the benchmark value and only basic circulation needs to be maintained, the water pump reduces its operating power to avoid the energy waste caused by the continuous high-power linkage operation of equipment such as water pumps and microfilters in traditional circulating water systems, while ensuring that the water delivery volume can meet the decomposition needs of microorganisms in the nitrification tank, and accurately deliver the water to the filter bag area at the bottom of the nitrification tank.

[0023] The process involves using water from the bottom of the nitrification tank to impact the filter bag, causing fish waste to accumulate and be trapped inside. The accumulated fish waste is then decomposed by aerobic bacteria loaded on the filter bag's surface, resulting in primary purified water. Specifically, after a water pump delivers water containing fish waste to the bottom of the nitrification tank, the filter bag, fitted onto the outside of the delivery pipe's outlet, begins its work. This filter bag is made of nylon (80-100 mesh pores, effectively trapping fish waste without obstructing water flow) and is removable for easy maintenance. The filter bag is pre-loaded with aerobic bacteria (such as Bacillus subtilis) by soaking it in a concentrated aerobic bacterial solution. The temperature is set according to the stocking density. When the water pump delivers water from the outlet of the pipe, it impacts the inner wall of the filter bag. Solid impurities such as fish feces and uneaten feed are intercepted inside the bag because they cannot pass through the filter bag pores, while the water seeps out through the pores of the filter bag. The fish feces intercepted inside the bag come into full contact with the aerobic bacteria inside the filter bag. In an aerobic environment (air is introduced by the water flow, and no additional aeration equipment is needed, unlike the biological treatment process that requires separate aeration in traditional systems), the aerobic bacteria decompose the fish feces into water and carbon dioxide. At the same time, they convert the proteins and amino acids in the fish feces into ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, forming primary purified water containing ammonia nitrogen and nitrite.

[0024] The primary purified water is fed into the nitrifying filter media layer from bottom to top through the permeable holes on the partition. The primary purified water then undergoes nitrification treatment by nitrifying bacteria on the surface of the filter media. Specifically, the primary purified water, under its own weight and the pressure of the water pump, seeps out of the filter bag and flows upwards, contacting a partition horizontally fixed 5 to 8 cm above the filter bag. This partition is made of plastic (3 to 5 mm thick, with dimensions matching the inner diameter of the nitrification tank), and has permeable holes of 3 to 5 mm in diameter spaced 2 to 3 cm apart. After contacting the partition, the water is evenly distributed through the permeable holes to the nitrifying filter media layer above it. The even distribution of the permeable holes prevents concentrated water flow from impacting the nitrifying filter media, thus avoiding localized filter media loss or dead zones, ensuring that the primary purified water flows smoothly from bottom to top through the nitrifying filter media layer.

[0025] As the primary purified water enters the nitrification filter media layer from bottom to top, the nitrification filter media laid on the baffle and the nitrifying bacteria attached to its surface begin to treat the water; the nitrification filter media uses porous ceramic rings or bio-cotton (specific surface area 200 to 300 m²). 2 / m 3To facilitate the attachment of nitrifying bacteria, a filter media layer with a thickness of 10 to 15 cm is laid, with small gaps between the media to allow water flow. Before starting the system, nitrifying bacteria need to be attached to the surface of the filter media through biofilm cultivation. Specifically, water containing nitrite (concentration 5 to 10 mg / L) is introduced into the nitrification tank and continuously aerated for 7 to 10 days, allowing the nitrifying bacteria to form a stable biofilm on the surface of the filter media. When the primary purified water flows through the filter media layer, the nitrite in the water comes into full contact with the nitrifying bacteria on the surface of the filter media. The nitrifying bacteria oxidize the nitrite into nitrate, which is less toxic to aquatic organisms. The entire process does not require periodic backwashing like traditional sand filters; the activity of nitrifying bacteria can be maintained simply by the natural flow of water, further reducing system energy consumption and completing the nitrification process of the water.

[0026] In this embodiment, the filter bag first intercepts fish feces, and then aerobic bacteria decompose them to produce ammonia nitrogen and nitrite. The nitrifying bacteria in the nitrifying filter media layer convert the nitrite into nitrate, forming a complete step-by-step treatment process. This can more thoroughly remove harmful components from the water and provide a better water quality environment for aquaculture organisms.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the nitrified water is transported to the plant layer to complete water purification, and the effluent pressure and nitrate concentration are monitored. When the pressure reaches a preset threshold, a filter bag clogging warning signal is generated, which may include: The nitrified water is transported to the plant layer via pipelines. During the water transport process, pressure sensors installed on the pipelines monitor the outlet pressure data in real time. Specifically, this includes collecting the nitrified water, which is the water that has undergone preliminary nitrification purification in the factory-style recirculating aquaculture system, and transporting it to the plant layer through pre-laid pipelines. The purpose is to allow the plant layer to further purify the water, remove residual nitrates and other substances, and ensure the water quality required for subsequent aquaculture. During the transport process, it is necessary to ensure that the pipelines are in a normal and unobstructed state to avoid water transport being affected by pipeline damage or blockage by foreign objects, which would interfere with the monitoring of the outlet pressure P.

[0028] The system receives water pressure data collected by a pressure sensor, processes the data to obtain a stable pressure value, and then selects pressure data from three consecutive sampling periods based on this stable pressure value to calculate its arithmetic mean, thus obtaining the pressure monitoring value. Specifically, this includes receiving all real-time pipe water pressure P transmitted from the pressure sensor and processing this data to remove abnormal fluctuations. The specific processing method is as follows: first, it filters out abnormal data in the collected pipe water pressure P that significantly deviates from the normal range, such as momentary excessively high or low pressure data caused by brief equipment vibrations, and excludes these abnormal data; then… The remaining normal pipe outlet pressures P are summed to calculate the total of all normal data. This sum is then divided by the number of remaining normal data points to obtain the stable pipe outlet pressure P. The obtained stable pipe outlet pressure P is then used to select data according to a set sampling period, with each sampling period corresponding to one stable pipe outlet pressure P. The stable pipe outlet pressures P corresponding to three consecutive sampling periods are selected, and these three stable pipe outlet pressures P are summed to calculate the total. This total is then divided by three to obtain the pipe outlet pressure P used for subsequent comparisons.

[0029] The pressure monitoring value is compared with the preset pressure threshold. When the pressure monitoring value exceeds the preset pressure threshold, the period is recorded as an over-limit period. The number of consecutive over-limit periods is counted to obtain statistical results. Based on the statistical results, when the number of consecutive over-limit periods reaches three, it is determined that the system has filter bag blockage, and a filter bag blockage warning signal is generated. Specifically, this includes: determining the preset pressure threshold P0, which ranges from 0.2 to 0.5 MPa. This threshold is set according to the reasonable upper limit of the outlet water pressure in the pipeline under normal operation of a factory-style recirculating aquaculture workshop when the filter bags are not blocked. The calculated pipeline outlet pressure P is compared with a preset pressure threshold P0 (ranging from 0.2 to 0.5 MPa). If the pipeline outlet pressure P is less than or equal to the preset pressure threshold P0, the current pipeline outlet pressure is normal, and no over-limit period is recorded. If the pipeline outlet pressure P is greater than or equal to the preset pressure threshold P0, the current pipeline outlet pressure is abnormal, and this sampling period is recorded as an over-limit period. The operation of calculating the pipeline outlet pressure P and comparing it with the threshold is repeated continuously, and the number of over-limit periods after each comparison is counted to form a statistical result.

[0030] The system is judged based on the number of consecutive over-limit cycles obtained from statistics. If the number of consecutive over-limit cycles is less than three, it indicates that the situation where the pipeline outlet pressure P is greater than or equal to the preset pressure threshold P0 (range 0.2 to 0.5 MPa) may be a temporary phenomenon and is not judged as filter bag blockage. If the number of consecutive over-limit cycles reaches three, considering the actual situation of the factory-style recirculating aquaculture workshop, the situation where the pipeline outlet pressure P is continuously greater than or equal to the preset pressure threshold P0 (range 0.2 to 0.5 MPa) is most likely due to the filter bag intercepting a large amount of uneaten feed, feces and suspended particles, causing blockage, which in turn hinders water flow and causes pressure increase. Therefore, it is judged that the system has filter bag blockage. After the judgment is completed, the control module immediately generates a filter bag blockage warning signal.

[0031] This embodiment avoids false or missed warnings by implementing pressure monitoring and blockage detection, ensuring the stable operation of the water treatment process in the factory-scale recirculating aquaculture workshop, reducing interference with aquaculture production caused by water quality problems or equipment failures, and improving the stability and reliability of the aquaculture process.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on filter bag clogging warning signals and nitrate concentration monitoring data, when the nitrate concentration reaches a preset threshold, the water pump flow rate is reduced to prolong the water residence time in the plant layer; when there is no warning signal and the nitrate concentration is below the preset threshold, the water pump is restored to operate at the final target flow rate. This may include: Based on the filter bag clogging warning signal, and by acquiring nitrate concentration data monitored by the nitrate sensor at the inlet of the plant layer; based on the warning signal and nitrate concentration data, determine whether there is a filter bag clogging warning or whether the nitrate concentration has reached a preset threshold, and obtain the judgment result. Specifically, this includes: receiving the signal previously generated by the filter bag clogging warning system; if the system has determined that there is a filter bag clogging situation, then acquiring the filter bag clogging warning signal; if the system has not determined that there is a clogging, then acquiring the no-filter-bag-clogging warning signal; and pre-installing a nitrate sensor on the conveying pipe between the nitrifying filter media and the plant layer, and the sensor must be in direct contact with the water in the pipe to collect the nitrate concentration C3 in the water in real time; in the specific collection process, firstly screen out the data with abnormal fluctuations in the nitrate concentration C3 acquired by the sensor, such as instantaneous excessively high or low concentration data caused by a brief sensor malfunction, and exclude these abnormal data; accumulate all the remaining normal nitrate concentrations C3 to calculate the sum of all normal data; divide this sum by the number of remaining normal data to obtain the average nitrate concentration C3 of the water between the nitrifying filter media and the plant layer.

[0033] After obtaining the filter bag clogging warning signal and the average nitrate concentration C3, a preset concentration threshold C3 needs to be set. This threshold ranges from 5-10 mg / L, and its setting is based on factors including the nitrate absorption capacity of the plant layer in the factory-scale recirculating aquaculture system, the tolerance requirements of the cultured organisms to water quality, and the initial purification effect of existing physical filtration equipment. It mainly represents the critical value of nitrate concentration when the water needs further extended retention time for purification. The obtained filter bag clogging warning signal is then combined with the average nitrate concentration C3 for judgment. In the first case, if the previously obtained filter bag clogging warning signal... In the first scenario, regardless of whether the average nitrate concentration C3 reaches the preset concentration threshold C3 (range 5 to 10 mg / L), the water pump flow rate needs to be adjusted. In the second scenario, if no filter bag clogging warning signal is received, but the average nitrate concentration C3 is greater than or equal to the preset concentration threshold C3 (range 5 to 10 mg / L), the water pump flow rate also needs to be adjusted. In the third scenario, if no filter bag clogging warning signal is received and the average nitrate concentration C3 < 30, it indicates that the nitrate content in the water already meets the aquaculture requirements, and the water pump flow rate does not need to be adjusted; the current stable operation should be maintained. 000 Based on the judgment results, when a filter bag blockage warning is issued or the nitrate concentration reaches a preset threshold, a control command to reduce the water pump flow rate is generated. Based on this control command, the water pump operating power is reduced to decrease the water flow velocity and extend the water's residence time in the plant layer. Specifically, when the judgment result indicates that the water pump flow rate needs adjustment, a control command to reduce the water pump flow rate is immediately generated, specifying that the water pump flow rate should be reduced to 0.6 to 0.8 times the target flow rate Q. This control command is then transmitted to the equipment controlling the water pump operation, and the flow rate adjustment is achieved by reducing the water pump's operating power: first, the final target flow rate Q of the water pump is determined, and then the flow rate is reduced to 0.6 to 0.8 times the target flow rate Q. To achieve a target flow rate of 0.6 to 0.8 times Q, the required flow rate reduction is calculated. For example, if the target flow rate Q is a fixed value, the flow rate needs to be reduced from Q to a specific value between 0.6Q and 0.8Q. Then, the operating power of the water pump is reduced accordingly, and adjustments are made continuously until the pump output flow rate stabilizes within the range of 0.6 to 0.8 times the target flow rate Q. After the pump flow rate is reduced, the flow speed of the water in the delivery pipe will slow down, which will prolong the time it takes for the water to flow out from the plant layer. This means that the water stays in the plant layer for a longer period of time, allowing the plants more time to absorb nitrates from the water and improving the water purification effect.

[0034] When no warning signal is detected and the nitrate concentration is below the preset threshold, the water pump is restored to the final target flow rate. Specifically, during the period when the water pump is running at the reduced flow rate, the filter bag clogging warning signal and the average nitrate concentration C3 need to be continuously monitored to determine whether the conditions for restoring the normal flow rate are met. When no filter bag clogging warning signal is detected and the average nitrate concentration C3 is consistently <30, it indicates that the current filter bag clogging problem has been resolved, and the nitrate content in the water is within the range that meets the aquaculture requirements. There is no need to extend the residence time by reducing the flow rate. A control command to restore the water pump to the target flow rate Q is generated and transmitted to the equipment controlling the water pump operation. Subsequently, the operating power of the water pump is gradually increased. During the increase, the output flow rate of the water pump needs to be monitored in real time until the operating power of the water pump reaches a value that can stabilize the flow rate at the target flow rate Q. The water pump then operates at the target flow rate Q.

[0035] In this embodiment, by reducing the water pump flow rate and slowing down the water flow speed, the pressure inside the pipeline caused by the blockage of the filter bag and the resulting poor water flow can be avoided, thereby reducing the risk of pipeline rupture, water pump overload damage and failure of nitrification filter media due to high pressure impact.

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computing device, including: a processor and a memory storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, performs the system as described above. All implementations in the above system embodiments are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0037] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the system as described above. All implementations in the above system embodiments are applicable to this embodiment and can achieve the same technical effects.

[0038] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish manure decomposition and nitrification system using microorganisms and plant filtration, characterized in that, include: The processing module is used to collect the ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration and turbidity of the water body, and calculate the initial target flow rate of the water pump based on the ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration and turbidity, combined with the preset nitrogen concentration flow coefficient, turbidity flow coefficient and basic flow rate. The control module is used to acquire real-time water quality data measured by sensors inside the aquaculture tank and at the outlet of the nitrification tank based on the initial target flow rate, analyze the change characteristics to obtain the flow adjustment value, correct the initial target flow rate based on the flow adjustment value to obtain the final target flow rate, and adjust the water pump operating power according to the final target flow rate. The filtration module is used to transport the water and fish waste in the aquaculture pond to the filter bag at the bottom of the nitrification tank for aerobic bacterial decomposition according to the adjusted water pump operating power. The decomposed water is then sent to the nitrification filter media layer through the water permeable holes on the partition, where nitrification is carried out by nitrifying bacteria. The monitoring module is used to transport the nitrified water to the plant layer to complete the water purification and monitor the effluent pressure and nitrate concentration. When the pressure reaches the preset threshold, it generates a filter bag blockage warning signal. The control module is used to reduce the water pump flow rate to prolong the water residence time in the plant layer when the nitrate concentration reaches a preset threshold, based on the filter bag blockage warning signal and nitrate concentration monitoring data. When there is no warning signal and the nitrate concentration is lower than the preset threshold, the water pump is restored to operate at the final target flow rate.

2. The fish manure decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ammonia nitrogen concentration, nitrite concentration, and turbidity of the water body are collected. Based on these concentrations and combined with preset nitrogen concentration flow coefficient, turbidity flow coefficient, and baseline flow rate, the initial target flow rate of the water pump is calculated, including: Based on the real-time collected ammonia nitrogen concentration, the ammonia nitrogen concentration is compared with the preset ammonia nitrogen concentration benchmark value to obtain the ammonia nitrogen concentration deviation value; the ammonia nitrogen concentration deviation value is multiplied by the preset ammonia nitrogen flow rate influence coefficient to calculate the first flow rate adjustment component corresponding to ammonia nitrogen. The nitrite concentration is compared with the preset nitrite concentration benchmark value to obtain the nitrite concentration deviation value, and then added to the first flow adjustment component to obtain the preliminary comprehensive adjustment amount based on ammonia nitrogen and nitrite. Based on the preliminary comprehensive adjustment amount and the collected turbidity, the turbidity is compared with the preset turbidity benchmark value to obtain the turbidity deviation value. The turbidity deviation value is multiplied by the preset turbidity flow coefficient to obtain the second flow adjustment component corresponding to the turbidity. The preliminary comprehensive adjustment amount and the second flow adjustment component corresponding to the turbidity are added together and accumulated with the preset base flow to obtain the initial target flow of the water pump.

3. The fish manure decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the initial target flow rate, real-time water quality data measured by sensors inside the aquaculture pond and at the outlet of the nitrification tank is acquired. The changing characteristics are analyzed to obtain a flow adjustment value. The initial target flow rate is then corrected based on this flow adjustment value to obtain the final target flow rate. Finally, the water pump operating power is adjusted according to the final target flow rate, including: Based on the initial target flow rate, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite concentration data measured by sensors inside the aquaculture pond and at the outlet of the nitrification tank are obtained; based on the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite concentration data, the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency is calculated and compared with the preset ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency benchmark value to obtain the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value. Based on the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value and concentration data, the nitrite concentration removal efficiency is calculated and compared with the preset nitrite removal efficiency benchmark value to obtain the nitrite removal efficiency deviation value. Based on the nitrite removal efficiency deviation value and the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value, the two deviation values ​​are weighted and calculated to obtain the comprehensive efficiency evaluation value. Based on the comprehensive efficiency evaluation value, and according to the preset correspondence between the evaluation value and the flow adjustment value, the flow adjustment value is obtained; the flow adjustment value is superimposed with the initial target flow to obtain the final target flow, and the pump operating power is controlled.

4. The fish manure decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value and combined with concentration data, the nitrite concentration removal efficiency is calculated and compared with the preset nitrite removal efficiency benchmark value to obtain the nitrite removal efficiency deviation value. Based on the deviation values ​​of nitrite removal efficiency and ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency, a weighted average is calculated between the two deviation values ​​to obtain a comprehensive efficiency evaluation value, including: Based on the ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value, combined with the nitrite concentration data measured in real time by sensors inside the aquaculture pond and at the outlet of the nitrification tank, the nitrite concentration removal efficiency is calculated; the nitrite concentration removal efficiency is compared with the preset nitrite removal efficiency benchmark value to obtain the nitrite removal efficiency deviation value. Based on the deviation values ​​of nitrite removal efficiency and ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency, preset weighting coefficients are assigned to the two deviation values ​​respectively. The weighted ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency deviation value and the weighted nitrite removal efficiency deviation value are added together to obtain a preliminary comprehensive evaluation value. The preliminary comprehensive evaluation value is standardized to make it fall within the preset evaluation value range to obtain the final comprehensive efficiency evaluation value.

5. A fish manure decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the adjusted operating power of the water pump, the water and fish waste in the aquaculture pond are transported to the filter bags at the bottom of the nitrification tank for aerobic bacterial decomposition. The decomposed water is then fed into the nitrification filter media layer through the permeable holes in the partition, where nitrifying bacteria perform nitrification treatment, including: Based on the pump operating power corresponding to the final target flow rate, control the pump to deliver the water containing fish feces in the aquaculture pond to the bottom of the nitrification tank. The water at the bottom of the nitrification tank impacts the filter bag, causing fish feces to accumulate and be intercepted inside the filter bag. The fish feces accumulated inside the filter bag are then decomposed by aerobic bacteria loaded on the surface of the filter bag, resulting in primary purified water. The primary purified water is fed into the nitrification filter media layer from bottom to top through the permeable holes on the partition; the primary purified water fed into the nitrification filter media layer is then subjected to nitrification treatment by nitrifying bacteria on the surface of the nitrification filter media.

6. A fish manure decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The nitrified water is then transported to the plant layer to complete water purification. The outlet water pressure and nitrate concentration are monitored. When the pressure reaches a preset threshold, a filter bag clogging warning signal is generated, including: The water that has undergone nitrification is transported to the plant layer through a pipeline; during the water transport process, the water pressure data in the pipeline is monitored in real time by pressure sensors installed on the pipeline. The water pressure data is compared and analyzed in real time with the preset pressure threshold to obtain the comparison and analysis results. Based on the comparison and analysis results, when the water pressure continuously exceeds the preset threshold, the filter bag blockage status is determined and a corresponding early warning signal is generated.

7. A fish manure decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The water pressure data is compared and analyzed in real time with the preset pressure threshold to obtain the comparison and analysis results. Based on the comparative analysis results, when the monitored water pressure continuously exceeds the preset threshold, the filter bag clogging status is determined and a corresponding early warning signal is generated, including: The system receives water pressure data collected by a pressure sensor, processes the water pressure data to obtain a stable pressure value, and selects pressure data from three consecutive sampling periods based on the stable pressure value to calculate its arithmetic mean, thereby obtaining the pressure monitoring value. The pressure monitoring value is compared with the preset pressure threshold. When the pressure monitoring value is greater than the preset pressure threshold, the cycle is recorded as an over-limit cycle. The number of consecutive over-limit cycles is counted to obtain the statistical results. Based on the statistical results, when the number of consecutive over-limit cycles reaches three, it is determined that the system has a filter bag blockage and a filter bag blockage warning signal is generated.

8. A fish manure decomposition and nitrification and plant filtration system according to claim 7, characterized in that, Based on filter bag clogging warning signals and nitrate concentration monitoring data, when the nitrate concentration reaches a preset threshold, the water pump flow rate is reduced to prolong the water residence time in the plant layer. When there is no warning signal and the nitrate concentration is below the preset threshold, the water pump resumes operation at the final target flow rate, including: Based on the filter bag clogging warning signal, and the nitrate concentration data monitored by the nitrate sensor at the inlet of the plant planting layer are obtained; based on the warning signal and the nitrate concentration data, it is determined whether there is a filter bag clogging warning or whether the nitrate concentration has reached the preset threshold, and the judgment result is obtained; Based on the judgment results, when there is a filter bag blockage warning or the nitrate concentration reaches the preset threshold, a control command to reduce the water pump flow is generated; based on the control command, the water pump operating power is reduced to reduce the water flow velocity and prolong the water residence time in the plant layer; When it is determined that there is no warning signal and the nitrate concentration is lower than the preset threshold, the water pump will resume operation at the final target flow rate.

9. A computing device, characterized in that, include: One or more processors; A storage device for storing one or more programs, which, when executed by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to implement the system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores a program that, when executed by a processor, implements the system as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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