High-viscosity high-elasticity biological asphalt and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses high-viscosity and high-elasticity biological asphalt and a preparation method thereof. The high-viscosity and high-elasticity biological asphalt comprises the following components: 40-45 parts of matrix petroleum asphalt, 30-40 parts of straw biological asphalt, 5-8 parts of an SBS modifier, 3-5 parts of nanoparticles, 5-8 parts of a coupling agent and 5-6 parts of a compatilizer. The straw biological asphalt prepared by liquefying and cracking biomass straws under a certain condition is used as a basic component for replacing asphalt, and is supplemented with auxiliaries such as nano particles, a coupling agent and a compatilizer to prepare the asphalt material with high viscosity and high elasticity. Through experimental research, under the conditions that the temperature is 135-145 DEG C, the speed is 800-1200 rad / min and the time is 30-45 min, an SBS modifier, nano particles, a coupling agent and a compatilizer are supplemented, the straw biological asphalt can replace matrix petroleum asphalt with the mass fraction of 30%-40%, and the prepared biological asphalt meets the performance requirements of high-viscosity and high-elasticity modified asphalt.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road construction materials and engineering technology, and in particular to a high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Current research reports indicate that bio-oil can be produced from biomass straw through high-temperature, high-pressure liquefaction and pyrolysis, and is being used in the field of asphalt pavement recycling. In fact, the residue produced during straw pyrolysis shares some similarities in morphology and characteristics with asphalt. Figure 1 Meanwhile, various biological wastes such as wood chips, peanut oil waste, and pig manure have been successfully used to prepare bio-asphalt with good results. However, traditional bio-asphalt, due to its inherent material defects, struggles to meet the durability requirements of asphalt pavements under actual service conditions. This is because the raw materials in bio-asphalt are not well compatible with asphalt components. Furthermore, compared to base petroleum asphalt, ordinary straw-based bio-asphalt, due to its insufficient viscosity, is more prone to asphalt pavement defects such as spalling, cracking, and rutting. Therefore, developing a high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt with good pavement performance and the ability to meet the long-term service requirements of roads has become an urgent problem to be solved.

[0003] Based on the current research status, in order to improve the performance of bio-asphalt, increase its general usage rate, and thus reduce dependence on traditional petroleum asphalt, this invention, from the perspective of sustainable development, follows a certain process flow to add straw bio-asphalt prepared from biomass straw at a dosage of 30%-40% to the base petroleum asphalt, supplemented with modifiers, to prepare a high-viscosity and high-elasticity bio-asphalt. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt and its preparation method.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] The first objective of this invention is to provide a high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt, wherein the bio-asphalt comprises the following components: 50-55 parts of base petroleum asphalt, 30-40 parts of straw bio-asphalt, 5-8 parts of coupling agent, 3-5 parts of nanoparticles, and 5-6 parts of compatibilizer.

[0007] Preferably, the straw bioasphalt is prepared from biomass residue powder, liquefaction agent, and catalyst. The equipment used for preparation is a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor with a reaction temperature of 200±10℃ and a reaction time of 120±15min. Before the reaction starts, nitrogen gas must be introduced into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor to replace the air inside. The initial pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is 5±0.3MPa.

[0008] Preferably, the biomass straw powder is obtained by crushing and passing the straw of corn, peanuts, rapeseed, etc. through a 0.075 sieve.

[0009] Preferably, the liquefaction agent is at least two of polyethylene glycol PEG 400, acetone solution and glycerol, and the ratio of two components is 1:1 when the liquefaction agent is selected, and the ratio is 1:1:1 when the liquefaction agent is selected; the mass of the liquefaction agent is 180~220% of the peanut straw powder.

[0010] Preferably, the catalyst is at least one of dilute sulfuric acid and dilute nitric acid with a concentration of 38-42%, and the mass of the catalyst is 18-22% of the mass of the liquefying agent.

[0011] Preferably, the SBS modifier is SBS 1301.

[0012] Preferably, the coupling agent is at least one of aminopropyltriethoxysilane and methacryloyloxymethyltrimethoxysilane.

[0013] Preferably, the nanoparticles are at least one of nano-silica and carbon nanotubes.

[0014] Preferably, the compatibilizer is a maleic anhydride graft polymer.

[0015] The second objective of this invention is a method for preparing high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt, comprising 40-50% base petroleum asphalt, 30-40% straw bio-asphalt, 5-8% SBS modifier, 5-8% coupling agent, 3-5% nanoparticles, and 5-6% compatibilizer. The bio-asphalt is prepared at a temperature of 135-145°C, and a stirrer is used to ensure that the regenerating agent is fully incorporated into the base petroleum asphalt during preparation. The stirring rate is 800-1200 rad / min, and the stirring time is 30-45 min.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] This invention utilizes base petroleum asphalt as raw material, supplemented with SBS modifier, coupling agent, nanoparticles, and compatibilizer to prepare a 30-40% bio-asphalt, resulting in a high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt. The penetration, softening point, ductility, viscosity, and road performance of the bio-asphalt all meet the requirements of the "Technical Specification for Construction of Highway Asphalt Pavement" (JTG F40—2023). Its various road performance characteristics, especially its high-temperature performance, are significantly superior to those of base petroleum asphalt, reducing reliance on petroleum asphalt.

[0018] Infrared spectroscopy results show that the added straw-pyrolyzed bioasphalt is rich in hydroxyl (OH) and carbonyl (C=O) groups. These polar functional groups can participate in the formation of hydrogen bonds, which helps the subsequently added coupling agents and compatibilizers improve the compatibility between the bioasphalt matrix and solid particles / nanoparticles. Therefore, the components are closely connected and complementary. Meanwhile, the prepared high-viscosity, high-elasticity bioasphalt exhibits significantly better road performance, especially high-temperature performance, than the base petroleum asphalt and meets the specifications for high-viscosity, high-elasticity modified asphalt.

[0019] This invention explores the resource utilization of straw and the environmental pollution caused by asphalt production in my country. It can reduce the environmental pollution caused by traditional asphalt preparation and broaden the path of straw resource utilization, thus realizing carbon emission reduction and resource recycling. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A comparison of the infrared spectra of high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt and base petroleum asphalt. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] This embodiment provides a high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt, wherein the regenerator comprises the following components by weight: 45 parts of base petroleum asphalt, 5 parts of SBS 1301, 31 parts of straw bio-asphalt, 5 parts of nano silica, 8 parts of aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and 6 parts of maleic anhydride graft polymer.

[0024] Specifically, the straw pyrolysis residue is prepared from corn straw powder, liquefaction agent, and catalyst. The equipment used for preparation is a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. The reaction temperature is 205℃ and the reaction time is 120min. Before the reaction starts, nitrogen gas must be introduced into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor to replace the air in it. The initial pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is 5.0MPa.

[0025] The corn stalk powder is obtained by crushing corn stalks and passing them through a 0.075 sieve. The liquefying agent is a 1:1 solution of polyethylene glycol PEG 400 and acetone; the mass of the liquefying agent is 180% of the corn stalk powder. The catalyst is a 38% concentration dilute sulfuric acid, and the mass of the catalyst is 18% of the mass of the liquefying agent.

[0026] This embodiment provides a method for preparing high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt. When preparing bio-asphalt, the content of the base petroleum asphalt is 45%, the content of SBS 1301 is 5%, the content of straw pyrolysis residue is 31%, the content of nano-silica is 5%, the content of aminopropyltriethoxysilane is 8%, and the content of maleic anhydride grafted polymer is 6%. The temperature for preparing recycled asphalt is 135℃. A stirrer is used to ensure the recycling agent fully acts on the aged asphalt during the preparation of recycled asphalt. The stirring rate is 800 rad / min, and the stirring time is 30 min.

[0027] Example 2

[0028] This embodiment provides a high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt. The regenerator comprises the following components by weight: 42 parts of base petroleum asphalt, 8 parts of SBS1301, 37 parts of straw bio-asphalt, 3 parts of carbon nanotubes, 5 parts of methacryloyloxymethyltrimethoxysilane, and 5 parts of maleic anhydride graft polymer.

[0029] Specifically, the straw pyrolysis residue is prepared from rapeseed straw powder, liquefaction agent, and catalyst. The equipment used for preparation is a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor with a reaction temperature of 210°C and a reaction time of 110 min. Before the reaction starts, nitrogen gas must be introduced into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor to replace the air inside. The initial pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is 5.0 MPa.

[0030] The rapeseed straw powder is obtained by crushing rapeseed straw and passing it through a 0.075 sieve. The liquefaction agent is a 1:1 solution of polyethylene glycol PEG 400 and acetone; the mass of the liquefaction agent is 200% of the rapeseed straw powder. The catalyst is a 38% concentration dilute sulfuric acid, and the mass of the catalyst is 20% of the mass of the liquefaction agent.

[0031] This embodiment provides a method for preparing high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt. When preparing bio-asphalt, the content of the base petroleum asphalt is 42%, the content of SBS modifier is 8%, the content of straw pyrolysis residue is 37%, the content of carbon nanotubes is 3%, the content of methacryloyloxymethyltrimethoxysilane is 5%, and the content of maleic anhydride grafted polymer is 5%. The temperature for preparing recycled asphalt is 135℃. A stirrer is used to ensure the recycling agent fully acts on the aged asphalt during the preparation of recycled asphalt. The stirring rate is 1000 rad / min, and the stirring time is 30 min.

[0032] Application Example 1

[0033] This embodiment provides a test result of the basic physical properties of high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt, specifically including the following steps:

[0034] After drying, the corn stalks are processed by a small crusher and then passed through a 0.75mm sieve to obtain peanut stalk powder with a particle size of less than 0.75mm.

[0035] A liquefying agent was prepared by mixing polyethylene glycol PEG 400 and glycerol in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0036] Prepare a 40% (w / w) sulfuric acid solution;

[0037] The obtained corn stalk powder, liquefaction agent, and sulfuric acid solution were added to a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4, with the sulfuric acid solution being 20% ​​of the mass of the liquefaction agent. The mixture was stirred evenly. The high-temperature and high-pressure reactor was then sealed, and nitrogen was used to replace the air in the reactor while maintaining an initial pressure of 5 MPa. The temperature was set at 210°C and the time was 120 min.

[0038] After the reaction is complete, the solid-liquid mixture in the reactor is removed and placed in an oven at 105°C for 4 hours to remove moisture from the mixture.

[0039] The mixture is vacuum filtered to remove the liquid. The solid residue on the filter paper is the straw bioasphalt obtained.

[0040] High-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt was prepared by mixing 70# and 90# base petroleum asphalt, straw pyrolysis residue, SBS 1301, carbon nanotubes, methacryloyloxymethyltrimethoxysilane, and maleic anhydride graft polymer in mass ratios of 45%, 31%, 5%, 5%, 8%, and 6%. Simultaneously, to set up a control group, 31% bio-asphalt was prepared by mixing 70# and 90# bio-asphalt and straw pyrolysis residue in proportions of 69% and 31%, respectively.

[0041] The prepared high-viscosity and high-elasticity bio-asphalt was tested for performance according to the "Test Procedures for Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures in Highway Engineering" (JTG3410-2025). The experimental results and the performance of the original asphalt are shown in Table 1 and Table 2.

[0042] Table 1 Basic Performance Indicators of 70# Asphalt and Bio-asphalt

[0043]

[0044] Table 2 Basic Performance Indicators of 90# Asphalt and its Bio-asphalt

[0045]

[0046] Therefore, this invention uses a high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt with 31% straw pyrolysis residue as a partial substitute for the base petroleum asphalt and verifies its performance indicators. The test results show that its basic performance meets the requirements of the "Technical Specification for Construction of Highway Asphalt Pavement" (JTG F40-2023) and meets the performance requirements of high-viscosity, high-elasticity asphalt.

[0047] Application Example 2

[0048] The asphalt used in this embodiment is 70# and 90# base asphalt. The coarse aggregate is basalt with an apparent relative density of 2.780, a crushing value of 12.5%, and a Los Angeles abrasion loss of 16.8%. The fine aggregate is limestone manufactured sand with an apparent relative density of 2.710 and a mud content of 1.2%. The mineral powder is finely ground limestone mineral powder with an apparent relative density of 2.750, a hydrophilicity coefficient of 0.8, and a plasticity index of 4.2. The performance was tested according to the "Test Procedures for Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures in Highway Engineering" (JTG 3410—2025).

[0049] This embodiment provides a road performance test result for high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt, specifically including the following steps:

[0050] High-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt was prepared by mixing 70# and 90# base petroleum asphalt, rapeseed straw pyrolysis residue, SBS 1301, carbon nanotubes, methacryloyloxymethyltrimethoxysilane, and maleic anhydride graft polymer in mass ratios of 42%, 37%, 8%, 3%, 8%, and 6%. The bio-asphalt gradation type was confirmed to be AC-13. After confirming the synthetic gradation, Marshall stability tests were conducted at asphalt-aggregate ratios of 4.6%, 4.9%, 5.2%, 5.5%, and 5.8%, and the optimal asphalt-aggregate ratio was confirmed to be 4.8%. To set up a control group, 37% bio-asphalt was prepared by mixing 70# and 90# bio-asphalt and rapeseed straw pyrolysis residue in proportions of 63% and 37%, respectively.

[0051] Marshall specimens with a diameter of 101.6 mm and a height of 63.5 mm, and rutting specimens with a length of 300 mm, width of 300 mm, and thickness of 50 mm were prepared. It should be noted that the Marshall specimens for water stability were compacted on both sides 75 times, and the Marshall specimens for freeze-thaw tests were compacted on both sides 50 times, with a minimum of 8 specimens. The prepared specimens were then subjected to performance tests according to the "Test Procedures for Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures in Highway Engineering" (JTG 3410—2025). The experimental results and the properties of the original asphalt are shown in Table 2.

[0052] The molded specimens were tested for performance according to the "Test Procedures for Asphalt and Asphalt Mixtures in Highway Engineering" (JTG 3410-2025). The test results and the performance of the original asphalt are shown in Tables 3 and 4.

[0053] Table 3 Basic Road Performance Indicators of 70# Asphalt and its Bio-asphalt

[0054]

[0055] Table 4 Basic Road Performance Indicators of 90# Asphalt and its Bio-asphalt

[0056]

[0057] In summary, the high-viscosity and high-elasticity bio-asphalt mixture meets the standards for freeze-thaw splitting tensile strength ratio (TSR), water immersion residual stability, and dynamic stability, and is higher than that of the original matrix asphalt, thus meeting the conditions for practical engineering applications.

[0058] Therefore, this invention uses the two types of high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalts mentioned above to verify their performance indicators. The test results show that the high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt has superior performance and can replace part of the asphalt with 30-40% by mass. Its basic properties meet the requirements of the "Technical Specification for Construction of Highway Asphalt Pavement" (JTG 3410-2025), and all its properties are superior to the original base asphalt, making it widely applicable to the surface layer of road surfaces.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, the significant differences in the infrared spectra of straw-pyrolyzed bio-asphalt compared to base petroleum asphalt mainly reflect the effects of added straw pyrolysis residue, nanoparticles, coupling agents, and compatibilizers. The most crucial difference lies in the infrared spectrum of the bio-asphalt at 3306 cm⁻¹. -1 A strong and broad OH stretching vibration peak appeared at 1647.9 cm⁻¹. -1 and 1000-1300 cm -1 The presence of distinct C=O and CO peaks in the region strongly suggests that the nanoparticles have been functionalized and integrated into the bioasphalt, indicating the introduction of biomass residues rich in hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. Furthermore, these newly introduced polar functional groups (OH) typically participate in hydrogen bond formation, while the coupling agents and compatibilizers enhance these intermolecular interactions, improving the compatibility between the bioasphalt matrix and the solid particles or nanoparticles. This results in bioasphalt exhibiting a more complex spectral profile with more peaks throughout the fingerprint region compared to the matrix petroleum asphalt. Overall, the infrared spectroscopy results reveal the connection between this invention and asphalt, providing theoretical support for bioasphalt from a microscopic perspective.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt, characterized in that, The high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt comprises 40-45 parts of base petroleum asphalt, 30-40 parts of straw bio-asphalt, 5-8 parts of SBS modifier, 3-5 parts of nanoparticles, 5-8 parts of coupling agent, and 5-6 parts of compatibilizer.

2. The high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw bioasphalt is prepared from biomass residue powder, liquefaction agent, and catalyst. The equipment used for preparation is a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor. The reaction temperature is 200±10℃ and the reaction time is 120±15min. Before the reaction starts, nitrogen gas must be introduced into the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor to replace the air in it. The initial pressure of the high-temperature and high-pressure reactor is 5±0.3MPa.

3. The high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The biomass straw powder is obtained by crushing corn, peanut, and rapeseed straw and passing it through a 0.075 sieve.

4. The high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquefaction agent is at least two of polyethylene glycol PEG 400, acetone solution and glycerol. When two components are selected, the ratio is 1:

1. When three components are selected, the ratio is 1:1:

1. The mass of the liquefaction agent is 180-220% of the straw powder.

5. The high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt according to claim 2, characterized in that: The catalyst is at least one of dilute sulfuric acid and dilute nitric acid with a concentration of 38-42%, and the mass of the catalyst is 18-22% of the mass of the liquefying agent.

6. The high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The SBS modifier is SBS 1301.

7. The high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling agent is at least one of aminopropyltriethoxysilane and methacryloyloxymethyltrimethoxysilane.

8. The high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The nanoparticles are at least one of nano-silica and carbon nanotubes.

9. The high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The compatibilizer is a maleic anhydride graft polymer.

10. A method for preparing high-viscosity, high-elasticity bio-asphalt, characterized in that: The base petroleum asphalt comprises 40-50%, the straw bio-asphalt comprises 30-40%, SBS modifier comprises 5-8%, coupling agent comprises 5-8%, nanoparticles comprises 3-5%, and compatibilizer comprises 5-6%. The temperature for preparing high-viscosity and high-elasticity bio-asphalt is 135-145℃. When preparing high-viscosity and high-elasticity bio-asphalt, a stirrer is used to ensure that the straw bio-asphalt is fully incorporated into the base petroleum asphalt. The stirring rate is 800-1200 rad / min, and the stirring time is 30-45 min.

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