Shock absorption and isolation structure suitable for fabricated concrete building

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of constructional engineering, and discloses a seismic mitigation and isolation structure suitable for an assembly type concrete building, the seismic mitigation and isolation structure comprises an anti-seismic structure skeleton, a prefabricated floor slab and a seismic mitigation and isolation support, the seismic mitigation and isolation support is pre-embedded in the prefabricated floor slab, the prefabricated floor slab is installed on the anti-seismic structure skeleton through the seismic mitigation and isolation support, and the prefabricated floor slab is installed on the anti-seismic structure skeleton through the seismic mitigation and isolation support. The prefabricated floor slab and the anti-seismic structural framework are configured to allow relative movement, and a gap is reserved between the prefabricated floor slab and the anti-seismic structural framework. By adopting the structural system that the anti-seismic structural framework and the prefabricated floor slab are installed through the seismic reduction and isolation support, the assembly type concrete structure node structure and the construction process are simplified, mechanical construction is convenient to adopt, use of site formworks and temporary supports is reduced, and the construction cost is reduced. Compared with a traditional cast-in-place or complex node connection fabricated structure, the construction efficiency is improved, and convenience is provided for subsequent building structure transformation and updating through node construction simplification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering, specifically to a seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings. Background Technology

[0002] Earthquakes often cause severe damage to building structures, resulting in enormous losses of life and property. Recent research and practical engineering applications have shown that buildings employing seismic isolation and damping technologies exhibit better earthquake resistance. Therefore, these technologies are gradually being promoted and applied in the field of building engineering.

[0003] Currently, the most common type of seismic isolation structure involves placing seismic isolation bearings at the base of the building, between the foundation and the superstructure. During an earthquake, these bearings reduce the seismic force transmitted to the superstructure, thereby lowering its seismic response. Another approach is to install a number of dampers within the building. These dampers typically take the form of inter-column bracing or energy-dissipating beams. Under seismic loads, the structure deforms, triggering the dampers to activate. By dissipating seismic energy, they enhance the overall energy dissipation capacity of the structure, thus reducing its seismic response.

[0004] Both of these methods can improve the seismic resistance of a structure, but they typically treat seismic isolation devices as additional systems independent of the main load-bearing system. For example, seismic isolation bearings are concentrated at the base of the building, while dampers are installed as additional components. These methods do not fully utilize the interactions between the main building components to create an energy dissipation mechanism, and the main structure is still primarily designed for seismic resistance.

[0005] On the other hand, in the application of prefabricated concrete structures, the industry typically adopts prefabricated monolithic structures to ensure their seismic resistance. The idea behind this technology is to make the joints of prefabricated components equivalent to those of cast-in-place structures, thereby ensuring the integrity and safety of the structure.

[0006] However, this pursuit of equivalent to cast-in-place construction results in extremely complex prefabricated joint structures, cumbersome construction procedures, and long on-site operation cycles. This not only increases the amount of structural materials used but also fails to reduce the labor input and effectively shorten the construction period. Therefore, the construction cost of prefabricated concrete buildings is generally higher than that of traditional cast-in-place concrete structures, reducing their market competitiveness and hindering the improvement of construction efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, this complex, modular assembly structure hinders the achievement of the original goal of standardized design and construction in prefabricated buildings. The complexity of the connection points makes it difficult to establish a unified standard system for components, limiting the promotion of standardized design and automated production, and restricting the flexibility of design and construction. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings. It solves the problems of complex joint construction, cumbersome construction process, low construction efficiency, insufficient seismic performance, and difficulty in achieving standardized design and construction in existing prefabricated concrete structures.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a seismic isolation structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings, comprising a seismic-resistant structural frame, precast floor slabs, and seismic isolation bearings. The seismic isolation bearings are pre-embedded in the precast floor slabs, and the precast floor slabs are installed on the seismic-resistant structural frame via the seismic isolation bearings. The precast floor slabs and the seismic-resistant structural frame are configured to allow relative movement, and a gap is left between the precast floor slabs and the seismic-resistant structural frame, the gap being filled with sealing material.

[0010] Preferably, the seismic-resistant structural frame includes seismic-resistant structural components such as frame beams, frame columns, or shear walls.

[0011] Preferably, the seismic-resistant structural frame is a seismic-resistant load-bearing component in the seismic design of the structure.

[0012] Preferably, the seismic-resistant structural frame can be constructed using either cast-in-place or prefabricated methods.

[0013] Preferably, the seismic-resistant structural frame is provided with ear plates, which are used to assist in the installation of the precast floor slabs.

[0014] Preferably, the ear plate is provided with mounting studs or reinforcing bars.

[0015] Preferably, the ear plate is made of concrete, and the ear plate and the seismic-resistant structural frame are cast in place simultaneously.

[0016] Preferably, the seismic isolation bearing is provided with anchor bars or anchor plates, so that the seismic isolation bearing can be pre-embedded in the precast floor slab.

[0017] Preferably, the seismic isolation bearing is provided with mounting holes, and the precast floor slab is connected and fixed to the seismic-resistant structural frame through the mounting holes and studs, and the connection is made of post-cast concrete or grout.

[0018] Preferably, the vibration isolation bearing is provided with a vibration isolation layer and an energy dissipation device inside; The seismic isolation layer allows relative sliding between the precast floor slab and the seismic-resistant structural frame; The energy-dissipating device consumes seismic energy when the precast floor slab and the seismic-resistant structural frame undergo relative displacement.

[0019] This invention provides a seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention simplifies the construction process and node structure of prefabricated concrete structures by adopting a structural system in which the seismic-resistant structural frame and prefabricated floor slabs are installed through seismic isolation bearings. This facilitates mechanized construction, reduces the use of on-site formwork and temporary supports, and improves construction efficiency compared with traditional on-site casting or complex node connections. Furthermore, the simplification of node structure also facilitates subsequent building structure modification and upgrading.

[0020] 2. This invention adopts a structural system in which the floor slab and the seismic-resistant structural frame are separated by seismic isolation supports, thereby effectively reducing the structural response under seismic loading. Under seismic loading, the floor slab and the frame structure undergo asynchronous displacement. The inertial force of the floor slab is transformed into frictional force and damping force between the two through the supports. Compared with the traditional integral structure, this reduces the seismic load on the structure and forms an efficient energy dissipation mechanism, thereby reducing the structural response under seismic loading and improving the overall seismic resistance of the structure.

[0021] 3. This invention, by adopting a prefabricated floor slab with pre-embedded seismic isolation bearings and a seismic-resistant frame structure, helps to achieve a high degree of standardization in the design and construction of prefabricated structures. It allows the seismic-resistant frame structure to be flexibly designed according to the actual situation of the project. At the same time, the prefabricated floor slabs used can be fully improved and perfected on the traditional standard design system, which facilitates the rapid formation of a prefabricated floor slab standard system applicable to this structural system, thereby improving the versatility of the design and the level of standardized production. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the seismic-resistant structural frame of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the seismic-resistant structural frame of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic plan view of the precast floor slab of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the precast floor slab of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a detailed diagram of the nodes of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a plan view of the overall structure of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Among them, 1. Frame beam; 2. Ear plate; 201. Stud; 3. Frame column or shear wall; 4. Sealing material; 5. Precast floor slab; 501. Seismic isolation bearing; 6. Seismic structural skeleton. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Please see the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 7 This invention provides a seismic isolation structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings, including a seismic-resistant structural frame 6, a prefabricated floor slab 5, and a seismic isolation support 501. The seismic isolation support 501 is pre-embedded in the prefabricated floor slab 5. The prefabricated floor slab 5 is installed on the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 through the seismic isolation support 501. The prefabricated floor slab 5 and the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 are configured to allow relative movement. A gap is left between the prefabricated floor slab 5 and the seismic-resistant structural frame 6, and the gap is filled with a sealing material 4. The seismic-resistant structural frame 6 includes seismic-resistant structural components such as frame beams 1, frame columns or shear walls 3. The seismic-resistant structural frame 6 can be constructed by cast-in-place or prefabrication. The seismic-resistant structural frame 6 is provided with ear plates 2, which are used to assist in the installation of prefabricated floor slabs 5. The ear plates 2 are provided with mounting studs 201 or steel bars. The material of the ear plates 2 is concrete. The ear plates 2 and the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 are cast in place at the same time. The seismic isolation bearings 501 are provided with mounting holes. The prefabricated floor slabs 5 are connected and fixed to the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 through the mounting holes and studs 201. The connection is made of post-cast concrete or grout.

[0026] Specifically, firstly, a seismic-resistant structural frame 6 is established. The seismic-resistant structural frame 6 can be constructed using cast-in-place or prefabrication methods. It mainly includes components such as frame beams 1, frame columns, or shear walls 3. To facilitate the installation of the floor slab, this invention sets ear plates 2 at the corresponding elevations of the floor slabs of the seismic-resistant structural frame 6. The ear plates 2 are pre-installed with mounting studs 201 or reinforcing bars. The material of the ear plates 2 is concrete, which is cast in place simultaneously with the seismic-resistant structural frame 6. The ear plates 2 can also be in the form of pre-embedded steel ear plates. During on-site installation, the precast floor slab 5 is hoisted, and the mounting holes on its pre-embedded seismic isolation bearings 501 are aligned with the studs 201 on the ear plate 2 for installation, calibration, and fixation. After positioning, post-cast concrete or grouting is used for fixation within the mounting holes. This method of using bearings to support the load instead of equivalent cast-in-place joints simplifies the on-site construction process, reduces formwork and temporary supports, and improves construction efficiency.

[0027] Please see the appendix Figure 3 - Appendix Figure 5There is a gap between the precast floor slab 5 and the seismic-resistant structural frame 6, which is filled with sealing material 4. The seismic-resistant structural frame 6 is a seismic-resistant load-bearing component in the seismic design of the structure. The seismic isolation bearing 501 is equipped with a seismic isolation layer and an energy dissipation device. The seismic isolation layer allows relative sliding between the precast floor slab 5 and the seismic-resistant structural frame 6. The energy dissipation device consumes seismic energy when the precast floor slab 5 and the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 undergo relative displacement.

[0028] Specifically, the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 is designed as the main seismic-resistant load-bearing component, responsible for resisting the main seismic forces, while the precast floor slab 5 is installed on the frame 6 through seismic isolation bearings 501. The two are configured to allow relative movement, provided by the seismic isolation bearings 501, which contain: a seismic isolation layer that allows limited relative sliding between the precast floor slab 5 and the seismic-resistant structural frame 6; and an energy dissipation device that dissipates seismic energy when relative displacement occurs between the two.

[0029] During an earthquake, the floor slab 5 and the frame 6 undergo asynchronous displacement. The inertial force of the floor slab is transformed into frictional and damping forces through the seismic isolation layer and energy dissipation device of the support 501, rather than being directly transmitted to the frame 6. This reduces the overall structural seismic response. Furthermore, to meet the building's functional requirements, the gap between the floor slab 5 and the frame 6 is filled with sealing material 4. The sealing material 4 is made of a flexible material. In practice, besides sealing, this sealing material 4 also acts as a buffer against collisions between the floor slab 5 and the frame 6 during displacement.

[0030] Please see the appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 The seismic isolation bearing 501 is pre-embedded in the precast floor slab 5. The seismic isolation bearing 501 is provided with anchor bars or anchor plates so that the seismic isolation bearing 501 can be pre-embedded in the precast floor slab 5.

[0031] Specifically, the precast floor slab 5 can be improved upon the traditional floor slab standard system. It can be broken down according to the building module to achieve standardized design and factory production. To achieve standardized prefabrication, seismic isolation bearings 501 are pre-embedded in the precast floor slab 5. In practice, to ensure the reliability of the pre-embedding, the seismic isolation bearings 501 are equipped with anchor bars or anchor plates, so that they can be firmly anchored in the concrete when the precast floor slab 5 is poured in the factory, forming a standardized functional component.

[0032] Working principle: In the construction process of prefabricated buildings, the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 is first established. The seismic-resistant structural frame 6 can be cast-in-place or prefabricated, including frame beams 1, frame columns or shear walls 3, and serves as the seismic-resistant load-bearing component in the seismic design of the structure. For easy connection, ear plates 2 with mounting studs 201 or reinforcing bars can be installed on the seismic-resistant structural frame 6.

[0033] Meanwhile, the precast floor slab 5 is produced in the factory according to the building module standardization, and the seismic isolation bearing 501 is pre-embedded inside the precast floor slab 5 during the production process. The seismic isolation bearing 501 is fixed to the precast floor slab 5 by its own anchor bars or anchor plates.

[0034] During on-site installation, the precast floor slab 5 is aligned and connected to the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 via the mounting holes on the seismic isolation bearing 501, and the connection is then secured with cast-in-place concrete or grout. After installation, a gap is left between the precast floor slab 5 and the seismic-resistant structural frame 6, which is then filled with sealant 4. This method simplifies the joint construction and process, reduces the use of on-site formwork and supports, and improves construction efficiency.

[0035] When an earthquake occurs, the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 serves as the main seismic-resistant system to withstand the seismic load. The precast floor slabs 5 are connected to the frame via seismic isolation bearings 501, and the two are configured to allow for a limited range of relative movement.

[0036] During the earthquake, the precast floor slab 5 and the seismic-resistant structural frame 6 undergo asynchronous displacement. The seismic isolation layer inside the seismic isolation bearing 501 causes relative sliding between the two, while the internal energy dissipation device consumes seismic energy during the sliding process. This process transforms the inertial force of the precast floor slab 5 into the frictional and damping forces of the seismic isolation bearing 501, rather than directly transferring it to the seismic-resistant structural frame 6, thereby reducing the overall seismic response of the structure and improving its seismic resistance. Simultaneously, this standardized design of the precast floor slab 5 helps improve the versatility of the design.

Claims

1. A seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings, characterized in that, include: The seismic structural frame (6), precast floor slab (5) and seismic isolation bearing (501) are provided. The seismic isolation bearing (501) is pre-embedded in the precast floor slab (5). The precast floor slab (5) is installed on the seismic structural frame (6) through the seismic isolation bearing (501). The precast floor slab (5) and the seismic structural frame (6) are configured to allow relative movement. A gap is left between the precast floor slab (5) and the seismic structural frame (6). The gap is filled with sealing material (4).

2. The seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic-resistant structural skeleton (6) includes seismic-resistant structural components such as frame beams (1), frame columns or shear walls (3).

3. A seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, The seismic-resistant structural frame (6) is a seismic-resistant load-bearing component in the seismic design of the structure.

4. A seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic-resistant structural frame (6) can be constructed using either cast-in-place or prefabrication methods.

5. A seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic-resistant structural frame (6) is provided with ear plates (2), which are used to assist in the installation of the precast floor slab (5).

6. A seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ear plate (2) is provided with mounting studs (201) or reinforcing bars.

7. A seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ear plate (2) is made of concrete, and the ear plate (2) and the seismic structure frame (6) are cast in place at the same time.

8. A seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic isolation bearing (501) is provided with anchor bars or anchor plates, so that the seismic isolation bearing (501) can be pre-embedded in the precast floor slab (5).

9. A seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The seismic isolation bearing (501) is provided with mounting holes. The precast floor slab (5) is connected and fixed to the seismic structural frame (6) through the mounting holes and studs (201). The connection is made of post-cast concrete or grout.

10. A seismic isolation and damping structure suitable for prefabricated concrete buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vibration isolation bearing (501) is equipped with a vibration isolation layer and an energy dissipation device inside; The seismic isolation layer allows relative sliding between the precast floor slab (5) and the seismic-resistant structural frame (6); The energy-consuming device consumes seismic energy when the precast floor slab (5) and the seismic-resistant structural frame (6) undergo relative displacement.

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