Temperature control alternating type self-recovery composite damper and windage yaw restraining device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of windage yaw prevention of power transmission towers, and provides a temperature control alternating type self-recovery composite damper, a windage yaw restraining device and a windage yaw restraining method. The damper comprises a cylinder barrel, a transmission module, a damping module and a temperature control module, the transmission module comprises a limiting gear groove, a bevel gear set and a transmission screw which are meshed with each other, the bevel gear set comprises a driving gear and a driven gear, and the driving gear is coaxially connected to the upper end shaft section of the transmission screw; the damping module comprises a transmission piston, a magnetorheological fluid damping cavity and an adjustable magnetic field; the transmission piston is arranged in the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity and connected to the lower end shaft section of the transmission screw. The temperature control module comprises a temperature regulator and an SMA corrugated pipe; when the driven gear rotates, the temperature regulator is used for regulating the ambient temperature around the bevel gear set and the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid according to the ambient temperature change signal around the bevel gear set; the multi-dimensional suppression of the windage yaw vibration of the power transmission line is realized, and the safety and stability in extreme weather are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind deflection prevention technology for power transmission towers, and in particular to a temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper, a wind deflection suppression device, and a method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Under strong wind loads, transmission lines cause insulator strings to sway significantly (i.e., wind deflection). When the sway amplitude exceeds the design threshold, it leads to insufficient clearance between the insulator string and tower components, causing air gap breakdown discharge and seriously threatening the normal operation of the power grid. Current methods for controlling insulator wind deflection have significant shortcomings: mechanical limit devices can limit the maximum sway angle, but they increase the additional load on the insulator string, causing it to bear extra bending moments for a long time and accelerating the aging of the core rod; weighted hammers suppress sway by increasing inertia, but they increase the static tension of the insulator string by 15%-20%, which can easily lead to the risk of line breakage; traditional dampers are difficult to balance the dual requirements of high energy consumption and self-resetting.

[0004] In summary, traditional dampers suffer from technical problems such as high temperature sensitivity, weak self-recovery capability, and limited vibration reduction capabilities in a single frame. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper, a wind deflection suppression device and method, which can achieve multi-dimensional suppression of wind deflection in transmission lines through multi-physics field regulation and deep integration of spatial structure, thereby significantly improving safety and stability under extreme weather conditions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The first aspect of the present invention provides a temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper.

[0007] A temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper includes a cylinder and a transmission module, a damping module and a temperature control module disposed therein. The transmission module includes a limiting gear slot, a bevel gear set with meshing, and a transmission screw. The bevel gear set includes a driving gear and a driven gear, with the driving gear coaxially connected to the upper shaft section of the transmission screw. The damping module includes a transmission piston, a magnetorheological fluid damping cavity, and an adjustable magnetic field; the transmission piston is located inside the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity and connected to the lower end shaft section of the transmission screw; the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid; The temperature control module includes a temperature controller and an SMA bellows; the SMA bellows is sleeved on the intermediate shaft section of the transmission screw; when the driven gear rotates, the temperature controller is used to adjust the ambient temperature around the bevel gear set and the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid according to the ambient temperature change signal around the bevel gear set. When the drive screw is driven by external tensile and compressive loads, it drives the active gear to rotate, which in turn drives the passive gear to rotate along the limiting gear groove, completing the first level of mechanical limiting energy dissipation; the SMA bellows undergoes tensile / compressive deformation due to changes in ambient temperature, which drives the drive screw to move up and down, forming the second level of intrinsic material energy dissipation; by changing the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid and the intensity of the adjustable magnetic field environment, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is changed, and the damping force is continuously adjustable, forming the third level of magnetically controlled hydraulic energy dissipation.

[0008] In one implementation, the transmission screw is radially positioned by deep groove ball bearings embedded in the upper and lower end covers, respectively. The inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing is interference-fitted with the shaft section of the transmission screw, and the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing is transition-fitted with the bearing seat of the end cover, thereby realizing smooth rotational transmission of the transmission screw.

[0009] In one implementation, the lower end of the drive gear is rigidly connected to the upper shaft section of the drive screw via a flat key to ensure synchronous torque transmission.

[0010] In one embodiment, the driven gear is connected to the inside of the cylinder via a connecting rod, and a flat keyway is formed in the bore wall inside the cylinder at a position corresponding to the connecting rod shaft section.

[0011] In one implementation, the two ends of the SMA bellows are fixedly connected to the transmission screw by circumferential argon arc welding. The inner sides of the upper and lower ports of the SMA bellows are fitted with the corresponding shaft sections of the transmission screw. After welding, stress-relief annealing is performed to ensure the rigidity of the connection while retaining the axial deformation freedom of the bellows.

[0012] In one embodiment, the temperature controller is connected to a first heating wire and a second heating wire; the first heating wire is located at the upper end of the SMA bellows, and the second heating wire is located on the outside of the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity; when the temperature change signal received by the temperature controller exceeds a set threshold, the first heating wire and the second heating wire are driven to perform heating / cooling operations.

[0013] In one embodiment, the cylinder is connected to an upper end cover and a lower end cover at both ends; both the upper end cover and the lower end cover are welded with lifting rings.

[0014] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for operating a temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper.

[0015] A method for operating a temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper includes: When the temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper is subjected to external tensile and compressive loads, the transmission screw drives the active gear to rotate under the action of the external tensile and compressive loads, which in turn drives the passive gear to rotate along the limit gear groove, completing the first mechanical limit energy dissipation. When the driven gear rotates, the temperature controller adjusts the ambient temperature around the bevel gear set and the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid according to the ambient temperature change signal around the bevel gear set; the SMA bellows is stretched / compressed due to the change in ambient temperature, which drives the transmission screw to move up and down, forming a second layer of intrinsic material energy dissipation. By changing the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid and the intensity of the adjustable magnetic field environment, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid can be altered, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the damping force and forming a third layer of magnetorheological energy consumption.

[0016] A third aspect of the present invention provides a wind deflection suppression device, the wind deflection suppression device being an overall triangular inclined structure; comprising: an inclined tie rod assembly, two horizontal tie rods, a vertical tie rod, a common rod node, and two temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite dampers as described above; The tie rod assembly includes a first main tie rod, a second main tie rod, a third main tie rod, and a secondary tie rod; the first, second, and third main tie rods are collinear; one end of the first main tie rod is fixed to the crossarm beam of the transmission tower, and the other end is connected to the second main tie rod through a shared rod node; the second main tie rod is connected to one end of the third main tie rod through a first temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper, and the other end of the third main tie rod is fixed to an insulator string; One end of the first horizontal tie rod is fixed to the insulator string, and the other end is connected to the second horizontal tie rod through the second temperature-controlled alternating self-resetting composite damper. The other end of the second horizontal tie rod is connected to the common pole node. One end of the vertical tie rod is fixed to the crossarm beam of the transmission tower, and the other end is connected to the common pole node. One end of the secondary diagonal tie rod is fixed to the crossarm beam of the transmission tower, and the other end is connected to the common pole node.

[0017] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a wind deflection suppression system, comprising: two wind deflection suppression devices as described above, symmetrically arranged on both sides of a transmission tower and connected by a cross-connection assembly, the cross-connection assembly comprising a five-way cylindrical helical spring and a flexible guy wire, the five-way cylindrical helical spring being placed in a regular hexagonal shell, the inner wall of the regular hexagonal shell being machined with five sets of spring mounting seats, the mounting seats being provided with threaded holes for fixing the five-way cylindrical helical spring; the five-way cylindrical helical spring and the flexible guy wire being arranged coaxially, the flexible guy wire being hinged to the common pole node by double-ear plate bolts, fixedly connected to the metal clamp at the bottom of the insulator, and connected to the transverse beam of the transmission tower by bolt-type guy wire clamps, the bolt-type guy wire clamps being fixed to one side of the transverse beam.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) The temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper of the present invention integrates a triple synergistic damping mechanism. The meshing constraint between the top transmission gear and the side gear groove forms a mechanical limiting damping, and the initial dissipation of vibration energy is achieved through tooth surface contact friction and motion limiting. During the tensile and compressive deformation process, the restoring force output by the Ti-Ni SMA bellows based on the hyperelasticity and shape memory effect constitutes the intrinsic material damping. Its nonlinear stiffness characteristics can adaptively match vibration loads of different amplitudes. The axial movement of the transmission piston drives the magnetorheological fluid to generate shear flow in the spiral damping channel. Through the magnetorheological effect controlled by the magnetic field, controllable hydraulic damping is formed, and the magnitude of its damping force can be continuously adjusted with the excitation current. The synergistic effect of the triple damping mechanism enables the composite damper to exhibit excellent vibration reduction performance under different temperature and vibration conditions, effectively broadening the application range of the damper and improving the energy consumption efficiency and stability of the overall structure.

[0019] (2) The present invention constructs a wind deflection suppression device with a three-dimensional force system of "spatial coordination + multi-directional constraint", which breaks through the limitation of the traditional single crossarm structure in suppressing wind load in one direction. The wind deflection force is distributed to the whole tower through the multi-stage transmission of the main diagonal tie rod and the damping tie rod, reducing local stress and avoiding fatigue fracture of the insulator string and metal clamp due to concentrated force.

[0020] (3) When external vibrations act on the frame, the elastic system composed of the five-way cylindrical helical spring and the flexible wire of the present invention deforms. Through the stretching and releasing of the wire, the vibration energy is converted into the potential energy of the spring and stored, further dissipating the vibration energy.

[0021] Advantages of additional aspects of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional detailed view of the temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper with outer shell and internal structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional detailed view of the wind deflection suppression device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A.

[0028] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B.

[0029] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional detailed view of the wind deflection suppression system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1-Cylinder, 2-Lifting ring, 3-End cap, 4-Drive screw, 5-Driving gear, 6-Driven gear, 7-Connecting rod, 8-Temperature control chamber, 9-SMA bellows, 10-Upper chamber, 11-Temperature sensor, 12-Temperature controller, 13-Second heating wire, 14-Magnetorheological chamber, 15-Piston outer chamber, 16-Limiting gear groove, 17-First heating wire, 18-Drive piston, 19-Magnetorheological fluid damping chamber, 20-Magnetic yoke, 21-Magnetic yoke shell, 22-Magnetic yoke channel, 23-Drain valve, 25-First 26-Second metal clamp, 27-Horizontal tie rod, 28-First main diagonal tie rod, 29-Second main diagonal tie rod, 30-Third main diagonal tie rod, 31-Insulator string, 32-Transmission tower crossarm beam, 33-Secondary diagonal tie rod, 34-Vertical tie rod, 35-Metal gasket, 36-High-strength bolt, 37-Flexible guy wire, 38-Five-way cylindrical helical spring, 39-Mounting base, 40-Connecting bolt, 41-End beam disc, 42-Transmission tower crossarm, 43-Guy wire assembly, B-Common pole node, C-Composite damper, D-Cross connection assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0034] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0035] In this invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "side," and "bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only to facilitate the description of the structural relationships of the various components or elements of this invention and do not specifically refer to any component or element in this invention. They should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0036] In this invention, terms such as "fixed connection," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, indicating a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can determine the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances, and they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0037] Magnetorheological dampers control damping force through a magnetic field, offering rapid response but lacking self-resetting capability, and their performance drops sharply upon power failure. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) possess superelasticity and self-resetting properties, but relying solely on SMAs results in limited energy dissipation efficiency. Existing composite dampers are mostly simple combinations; therefore, combining these two types of dampers to form a composite damper is proposed to improve the movement of insulators in extreme environments. However, existing composite dampers are mostly simple combinations, lacking refined design for magnetic field control, and thus have a limited range of damping force adjustment.

[0038] according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3The temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper of this invention includes a cylinder 1 and a transmission module, a damping module, and a temperature control module disposed therein. The transmission module includes a limiting gear groove 16, a bevel gear set with meshing, and a transmission screw 4. The bevel gear set includes a driving gear 5 and a driven gear 6. The driving gear 5 is coaxially connected to the upper shaft section of the transmission screw 4. The damping module includes a transmission piston 18, a magnetorheological fluid damping cavity 19, and an adjustable magnetic field. The transmission piston 18 is disposed in the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity 19 and connected to the lower shaft section of the transmission screw 4. The magnetorheological fluid damping cavity 19 is filled with magnetorheological fluid. The temperature control module includes a temperature controller 12 and an SMA bellows 9. The SMA bellows 9 is sleeved on the middle shaft section of the transmission screw 4. When the driven gear 6 rotates, the temperature controller 12 is used to regulate the ambient temperature around the bevel gear set and the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid according to the ambient temperature change signal around the bevel gear set. When the transmission screw 4 is driven by an external tensile or compressive load, it drives the active gear 5 to rotate, which in turn drives the passive gear 6 to rotate along the limiting gear groove, completing the first mechanical limiting energy dissipation; the SMA bellows 9 is subjected to tensile / compressive deformation due to changes in ambient temperature, which drives the transmission screw 4 to move up and down, forming the second material intrinsic energy dissipation; by changing the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid and the intensity of the adjustable magnetic field environment, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is changed, and the damping force is continuously adjustable, forming the third magnetically controlled hydraulic energy dissipation.

[0039] Internal threads are machined on the inner sides of both ends of the cylinder 1. The cylinder 1 is equipped with end caps 3, which are machined into external thread structures, forming a rigid connection through the threaded joint. A rectangular cross-section fluorosilicone rubber sealing ring is embedded between the threaded mating surfaces. A lifting ring 2 is also welded onto the end cap 3. For example, in this embodiment, M50×2mm fine-pitch internal threads are machined on the inner sides of both ends of the cylinder 1, which engage with the external threads of the end cap 3. A 10mm×3mm fluorosilicone rubber sealing ring is embedded on the threaded mating surface, and the connection is made by a 35±5N connection. The pre-tightening torque ensures a sealed fixation; the lifting ring 2 is fixed to the outer center position of the end cover 3 by full welding, with a weld height ≥5mm, to ensure the load-bearing strength when hinged with the external structure.

[0040] A transmission screw 4 is installed inside the cylinder 1 for torque transmission. The transmission screw 4 is radially positioned by deep groove ball bearings embedded in the upper and lower end covers 3. The inner ring of the bearing is interference-fitted with the screw shaft section, and the outer ring is transition-fitted with the end cover bearing seat, achieving smooth rotational transmission of the transmission screw 4. At the upper part of the transmission screw 4, the lower end of the driving gear 5 is rigidly connected to the upper shaft section of the transmission screw 4 via a flat key, ensuring synchronous torque transmission. The driven gear 6 is connected to the inside of the cylinder through a connecting rod 7, and a flat keyway is cut at the corresponding position of the bore wall and shaft section.

[0041] Inside the cylinder 1, on both sides, the limiting gear grooves 16 are circumferentially fixed by four sets of M4×12mm internal hex bolts, with a bolt preload torque of 3±0.5N. The gap between the groove and the inner wall of cylinder 1 is ≤0.1mm, ensuring precise meshing with the driven gear 6. When the driving gear 5 moves up and down, it drives the driven gear 6 to rotate along the limiting gear groove 16, and its rotation range is precisely controlled. The design of the driving gear 5 not only ensures the stability and accuracy of the transmission through threaded engagement, but also effectively prevents mechanical damage that may be caused by excessive rotation. In addition, the close cooperation between the driven gear 6 and the driving gear 5 further enhances the energy consumption performance of the entire transmission system.

[0042] The transmission screw 4 is fitted with an SMA bellows 9 in the middle. The two are fixedly connected by argon arc welding at both ends. The inner sides of the upper and lower ends of the bellows are in contact with the corresponding shaft sections of the transmission screw 4. After welding, stress-relief annealing is performed to ensure the rigidity of the connection while retaining the axial deformation freedom of the bellows.

[0043] The top end of the SMA bellows 9 is flanged to the temperature control chamber 8. An annular flange is welded to the top end of the SMA bellows 9, and a matching flange is machined to the bottom of the temperature control chamber 8. In this embodiment, the temperature controller 12 is connected to the first heating wire 17 and the second heating wire 13. The first heating wire 17 is located at the upper end of the SMA bellows, and the second heating wire 13 is located outside the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity. When the temperature change signal received by the temperature controller exceeds a set threshold, it drives the first and second heating wires to perform heating / cooling operations.

[0044] When the SMA bellows 9 is subjected to temperature changes, its shape changes. Through rigid connections at both ends to the drive screw 4 and the temperature control chamber 8, the drive screw 4 is precisely moved up and down. The temperature control chamber 8 precisely controls the temperature through a built-in temperature sensor 11 (such as a Pt 100 sensor) and a first heating wire 17 (such as a nickel-chromium heating wire), thus regulating the deformation of the SMA bellows 9. When the temperature does not change drastically, the temperature control chamber does not operate; instead, it relies solely on the damping of the SMA material itself (transmitting restoring force through the welded connection between the bellows and the screw) to provide restoring force for energy dissipation, achieving dual energy dissipation.

[0045] The magnetorheological fluid damping chamber is a sealed space enclosed by a magnetorheological fluid cylinder, a damping piston, and a magnetic yoke. It is filled with carbonyl iron-based magnetorheological fluid to ensure effective operation of the magnetorheological fluid under a magnetic field. The magnetorheological fluid filling rate is 95%, with a 5% volume compensation space reserved. A drain valve is located at the bottom of the chamber for maintenance.

[0046] The magnetic yoke 20 is composed of eight stacked silicon steel sheets with a gap of ≤0.02mm, and the stacked surfaces are fixed by laser welding. The silicon steel sheets are evenly distributed along the outer wall of the cylinder, with the central angle between adjacent magnetic yokes being 45°, and are fixed to the outer wall by epoxy resin bonding. The transmission screw is fixed to the central shaft hole of the upper end cap of the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity by bolts, and a copper anti-loosening washer is installed at the head.

[0047] The magnetorheological fluid damping cavity 19 includes an upper chamber 10 and a magnetorheological chamber 14. The drive piston can move within the magnetorheological chamber 14. A drain valve 23 is provided at the bottom of the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity 19. An outer piston chamber 15 is also provided outside the drive piston 18. The outer piston chamber 15 is connected to the magnetorheological chamber 14 through a fluid channel. A magnetic yoke shell 21 is provided outside the magnetic yoke 20.

[0048] The magnetorheological fluid damping cavity 19 at the bottom of the damper is fixed to the cylinder 1 by welding. The yoke 20 channel is fixed to the inner wall of the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity 19 by epoxy resin bonding and positioning pin limiting. The gap between the yoke and the inner wall of the cavity is filled with low-permeability epoxy resin. The yoke channel 22 is designed to guide the distribution of the magnetic field, ensuring that the magnetic field can act uniformly on the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological fluid cavity. When the external magnetic field acts on the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity 19 through the yoke channel 22, the rheological properties of the magnetorheological fluid change, ensuring that the magnetic field strength increases linearly along the cavity axis from 0.5T at the inlet to 1.2T at the outlet, acting uniformly on the magnetorheological fluid. The rheological properties of the fluid change under the action of the magnetic field, and through the synergistic effect with the cavity and the yoke, the overall energy dissipation performance of the damper is adjusted, ultimately achieving the third level of energy dissipation.

[0049] The operating method of the temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: When the temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper is subjected to external tensile and compressive loads, the transmission screw drives the active gear to rotate under the action of the external tensile and compressive loads, which in turn drives the passive gear to rotate along the limit gear groove. The motion amplitude of the bevel gear set is limited by the tooth surface contact friction, thus completing the first mechanical limit energy dissipation while avoiding overload of the damper.

[0050] When the driven gear rotates, the temperature controller adjusts the ambient temperature and the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid around the bevel gear set according to the ambient temperature change signal. The SMA bellows undergoes tensile / compression deformation due to changes in ambient temperature, which drives the transmission screw to move up and down, forming the second layer of intrinsic material energy dissipation. By changing the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid and the intensity of the adjustable magnetic field, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is changed, and the damping force is continuously adjustable, forming the third layer of magnetically controlled hydraulic energy dissipation.

[0051] Specifically, the rotation of the passive gear 6 triggers the activation of the temperature control system: the temperature sensor collects the temperature parameters of the gear shaft and the surrounding environment in real time. When the monitored value reaches the preset threshold, the temperature controller 12 receives the sensing signal and drives the resistance wire 13 to perform heating or cooling operations, dynamically adjusting the working temperature of the magnetorheological chamber 14. As the core functional area, the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological chamber 14 adjusts its rheological properties due to temperature changes, thereby achieving adaptive control of damping performance. The piston outer chamber 15 is connected to the magnetorheological chamber 14 through a fluid channel. The transmission piston 18 completes power transmission and position adjustment through the side wall gear groove 16, while the heating wires 17 distributed around the chamber serve as auxiliary temperature control means to ensure performance stability under wide temperature range conditions. At the same time, the rotational motion of the passive gear 6 is transmitted to the SMA bellows 9 via the connecting rod 7, causing it to undergo tensile or compressive deformation. The SMA bellows 9 relies on the inherent shape memory effect and superelastic properties of the material to absorb and store energy through macroscopic deformation, forming a second layer of intrinsic material energy dissipation. During this process, the magnetorheological fluid 19 in the magnetorheological chamber 14 undergoes a rheological characteristic transformation under the control of an external magnetic field—the change in magnetic field strength directly alters the fluid viscosity, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the damping force and constituting the third level of magnetically controlled hydraulic energy consumption.

[0052] The temperature-controlled alternating synergistic mechanism in this embodiment enables the SMA bellows and magnetorheological fluid to complement each other under different operating conditions: under low temperature or small amplitude loads, the superelasticity of the SMA dominates energy dissipation and recovery; under high temperature or large amplitude loads, the magnetic field response characteristics of the magnetorheological fluid enhance the energy dissipation capacity. Through the coupling effect of the triple energy dissipation mechanism, the damper has both high-efficiency energy dissipation and self-resetting functions, and can maintain stable mechanical performance under complex load and environmental conditions.

[0053] Figure 4 The image shows a wind deflection suppression device. The wind deflection suppression device as a whole forms a triangular, inclined structure, combined with... Figure 5 and Figure 6The triangular inclined structure includes: a tie rod assembly, two horizontal tie rods, a vertical tie rod, a common rod node, and two temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite dampers as described above; the tie rod assembly includes a first main tie rod 28, a second main tie rod 29, a third main tie rod 30, and a secondary tie rod 33. The first main tie rod 28, the second main tie rod 29, and the third main tie rod 30 are collinear; one end of the first main tie rod 28 is fixed to the crossarm beam of the transmission tower, and the other end is connected to the second main tie rod 29 through a common rod node; the second main tie rod 29 is connected to one end of the third main tie rod 30 through the first temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper. The other end of the third main diagonal tie rod 30 is fixed to the insulator string 31 (for example, fixed to the insulator string 31 by the second metal clamp 26); one end of the first horizontal tie rod is fixed to the insulator string (for example, fixed to the insulator string by the first metal clamp 25), and the other end is connected to the second horizontal tie rod through the second temperature-controlled alternating self-resetting composite damper, and the other end of the second horizontal tie rod is connected to the common pole node; one end of the vertical tie rod is fixed to the crossarm beam 32 of the transmission tower, and the other end is connected to the common pole node B; one end of the secondary diagonal tie rod 33 is fixed to the crossarm beam 32 of the transmission tower, and the other end is connected to the common pole node B.

[0054] In this embodiment, the upper ends of the first main diagonal tie rod 28, the second main diagonal tie rod 29, the third main diagonal tie rod 30, the vertical tie rod 34, and the secondary diagonal tie rod 33 are all welded to the end beam disk 41 below the crossarm, and the outer ring is connected by connecting bolts 40. The horizontal tie rod 27, the composite damper C, and the insulator string 31 form a triangular vibration reduction unit, which absorbs wind-polarized kinetic energy in real time through the variable damping force of the damper, suppressing the sway amplitude of the insulator string.

[0055] As a key connection point of the entire wind-resistant transmission tower frame, the common pole node B is internally secured with a set of high-strength bolts to the end lugs of the main diagonal tie rod 27, the horizontal tie rod 27, the secondary diagonal tie rod 33, and the vertical tie rod 34. The bolts penetrate the node body. A 2mm thick steel washer is sandwiched between the lug and the node contact surface. The bolt preload generates friction between the washer, achieving frictional energy dissipation during vibration.

[0056] The main diagonal tie rods, vertical tie rods, and crossbeams are fixed with flanges and high-strength bolts. Shared-rod nodes are located in the middle of the main diagonal tie rods, responsible for the shared nodes of tie rods at different positions; friction washers and high-strength bolts are used to fix each end of the rod. The insulator strings are suspension composite insulator strings, containing 7 sheds. The composite dampers are hinged to the tie rods at both ends via spherical plain bearings, and the tie rods are hinged to the insulator strings via bearings. The composite dampers are located at the middle nodes of the horizontal tie rods and in the lower middle area of ​​the main diagonal tie rods. Self-lubricating spherical plain bearings are used at the hinges between the composite dampers and the tie rods, and between the tie rods and the insulator strings, allowing the dampers to swing within a ±10° range. Shared-rod nodes in the frame use metal washers stacked on top of different tie rods. High-strength bolts are used to provide preload, and disc springs are added to compensate for preload loss.

[0057] The first main diagonal tie rod 28, the second main diagonal tie rod 29, the third main diagonal tie rod 30, the horizontal tie rod 27, the composite damper C, and the insulator string 31 form a triangular vibration reduction unit. The variable damping force of the damper absorbs wind-polarized kinetic energy in real time, suppressing the sway amplitude of the insulator string. The shared-rod node B ensures stable connection of all components through the above connection method. Simultaneously, it utilizes the frictional energy dissipation of metal gaskets, forming a highly efficient synergistic mechanism with the composite damper C and the insulator string 31, thereby improving the overall vibration reduction efficiency of the frame.

[0058] The working principle or process of this embodiment is as follows: When a strong wind load acts on the conductor, the impact force is transmitted to the triangular vibration damping unit through the insulator string 31, causing the insulator string to swing laterally and longitudinally. At this time, the triangular structure composed of the first main diagonal tie rod 28, the second main diagonal tie rod 29, the third main diagonal tie rod 30, the horizontal tie rod 27, and the composite damper C responds first: the horizontal tie rod 27 bears part of the radial tension, and the main diagonal tie rod transmits the load to the transmission tower crossarm beam 32 in stages through a three-section structure (upper steel column, middle adjustment section, and lower connecting section). During the transmission process, the composite damper and the geometric stability of the triangle disperse the concentrated force, preventing the hardware at the root of the insulator string from breaking due to excessive stress at a single point.

[0059] In the vibration energy dissipation stage, the composite damper C, as the core energy-dissipating component, initiates a triple damping mechanism: the meshing friction between the top transmission gear and the side gear groove achieves initial energy dissipation; the Ti-Ni SMA bellows 9 dissipates low- to medium-amplitude vibration energy by outputting restoring force through superelasticity during tensile and compressive deformation; at the same time, the transmission piston 18 drives the magnetorheological fluid to flow in a shearing manner within the spiral channel, generating controllable hydraulic damping under the control of a gradient magnetic field, precisely matching the high-amplitude vibration requirements under strong winds, and dynamically adjusting the damping force according to the vibration intensity.

[0060] In this process, the shared-rod node B plays a dual role of "energy convergence + frictional energy dissipation": the force flows of the first main diagonal tie rod 28, the second main diagonal tie rod 29, the third main diagonal tie rod 30, the horizontal tie rod 27, the secondary diagonal tie rod 33, and the vertical tie rod 34 converge here, and the frictional dissipation generated by the metal gasket 35 built into the node during relative rotation further attenuates the vibration energy; the metal gasket 35 is fixedly connected to the first main diagonal tie rod 28 by high-strength bolts 36; at the same time, the rigid connection characteristics of the node ensure the coordinated transmission of the force of each tie rod, avoids the frame instability caused by the force imbalance between components, and makes the triangular unit and the tower body form a rigid-flexible combined force-bearing whole.

[0061] Figure 7 A wind deflection suppression system is presented, which achieves the coordinated dissipation of wind load across the crossarm by symmetrically arranging the aforementioned self-restoring composite energy dissipation frames on both sides of the transmission tower and setting a cross-connection component D between the two frames. Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D.

[0062] In one or more embodiments, the wind deflection suppression system includes: two wind deflection suppression devices as described above, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transmission tower and connected by a cross-connection assembly D, wherein the cross-connection assembly D includes a five-way cylindrical helical spring and a flexible guy wire; the flexible guy wire constitutes a guy wire group 43. A five-way cylindrical helical spring is housed within a regular hexagonal housing. Five sets of spring mounting seats 39 are machined into the inner wall of the hexagonal housing. These mounting seats have threaded holes for securing the five-way cylindrical helical spring. The five-way cylindrical helical spring is coaxially arranged with a flexible guy wire. The flexible guy wire is hinged to the common pole node via double-ear bolts and fixedly connected to the metal clamp at the bottom of the insulator. It is then connected to the transverse beam of the transmission tower via bolt-type guy wire clamps, which are fixed to one side of the transverse beam. The cross-connection assembly D uses a regular hexagonal aluminum alloy housing as its core load-bearing structure. An observation window with a transparent polycarbonate cover is located at the bottom of the hexagonal aluminum alloy housing. The inner wall of the housing is precision-machined to form five sets of circumferentially distributed spring mounting seats. Each mounting seat has pre-drilled threaded holes for rigidly securing the five-way cylindrical helical spring 38. The five-way cylindrical helical spring and the flexible guy wire 37 are arranged coaxially in opposite directions: one end of the flexible guy wire is fixed to the spring, and the other end is connected to the five-way intersection node B of the double insulator frame, the second metal clamp 26 and the transmission tower crossarm 42 respectively. Finally, the forces of all the guy wires and springs converge at the buffer node in the shell, forming a two-way force balance system of "spring bearing pressure - guy wire being tensioned".

[0063] To ensure long-term reliability, the flexible guy wire is covered with a 1mm thick nylon protective sleeve, and the outer layer of the sleeve is woven with a stainless steel wire protective mesh, which has both anti-ultraviolet aging and mechanical damage protection capabilities; the bottom of the regular hexagonal aluminum alloy shell has an observation window with a transparent polycarbonate cover, which can directly monitor the working status of the internal springs and guy wires, providing a visual basis for operation and maintenance.

[0064] The working principle or process of this embodiment is as follows: Collaborative vibration reduction mechanism: The triangular vibration reduction units of the upper and lower crossarm frames and the cross connection components form a "space truss + damping network", which, together with the elastic buffering characteristics of springs and guy wires, collaboratively suppresses the lateral wind deflection (vertical line), longitudinal wind vibration (along the line) and torsional vibration of the transmission line.

[0065] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper, characterized in that, This includes the cylinder barrel and the transmission module, damping module, and temperature control module housed within it; The transmission module includes a limiting gear slot, a bevel gear set with meshing, and a transmission screw. The bevel gear set includes a driving gear and a driven gear, with the driving gear coaxially connected to the upper shaft section of the transmission screw. The damping module includes a transmission piston, a magnetorheological fluid damping cavity, and an adjustable magnetic field; the transmission piston is located inside the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity and connected to the lower end shaft section of the transmission screw; the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid; The temperature control module includes a temperature controller and an SMA bellows; the SMA bellows is sleeved on the intermediate shaft section of the transmission screw; when the driven gear rotates, the temperature controller is used to adjust the ambient temperature around the bevel gear set and the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid according to the ambient temperature change signal around the bevel gear set. When the drive screw is driven by external tensile and compressive loads, it drives the active gear to rotate, which in turn drives the passive gear to rotate along the limiting gear groove, completing the first level of mechanical limiting energy dissipation; the SMA bellows undergoes tensile / compressive deformation due to changes in ambient temperature, which drives the drive screw to move up and down, forming the second level of intrinsic material energy dissipation; by changing the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid and the intensity of the adjustable magnetic field environment, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is changed, and the damping force is continuously adjustable, forming the third level of magnetically controlled hydraulic energy dissipation.

2. The temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission screw is radially positioned by deep groove ball bearings embedded in the upper and lower end covers. The inner ring of the deep groove ball bearing is interference-fitted with the shaft section of the transmission screw, and the outer ring of the deep groove ball bearing is transition-fitted with the bearing seat of the end cover, so as to realize the smooth rotation transmission of the transmission screw.

3. The temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, At the upper part of the transmission screw, the lower end of the drive gear is rigidly connected to the upper shaft section of the transmission screw via a flat key to ensure synchronous torque transmission.

4. The temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The driven gear is connected to the inside of the cylinder via a connecting rod, and a flat keyway is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder corresponding to the position of the connecting rod shaft section.

5. The temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The two ends of the SMA bellows are fixedly connected to the transmission screw by circumferential argon arc welding. The inner sides of the upper and lower ports of the SMA bellows are fitted with the corresponding shaft sections of the transmission screw. After welding, stress-relief annealing is performed to ensure the rigidity of the connection while retaining the axial deformation freedom of the bellows.

6. The temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature controller is connected to the first heating wire and the second heating wire; the first heating wire is located at the upper end of the SMA bellows, and the second heating wire is located on the outside of the magnetorheological fluid damping cavity; when the temperature change signal received by the temperature controller exceeds the set threshold, the first heating wire and the second heating wire are driven to perform heating / cooling operations.

7. The temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cylinder is connected to an upper end cover and a lower end cover at both ends, respectively; both the upper end cover and the lower end cover are welded with lifting rings.

8. A method for operating a temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper based on any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, include: When the temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper is subjected to external tensile and compressive loads, the transmission screw drives the active gear to rotate under the action of the external tensile and compressive loads, which in turn drives the passive gear to rotate along the limit gear groove, completing the first mechanical limit energy dissipation. When the driven gear rotates, the temperature controller adjusts the ambient temperature around the bevel gear set and the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid according to the ambient temperature change signal around the bevel gear set; the SMA bellows is stretched / compressed due to the change in ambient temperature, which drives the transmission screw to move up and down, forming a second layer of intrinsic material energy dissipation. By changing the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid and the intensity of the adjustable magnetic field environment, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid can be altered, thereby achieving continuous adjustment of the damping force and forming a third layer of magnetorheological energy consumption.

9. A wind deflection suppression device, characterized in that, The wind deflection suppression device is a triangular inclined structure; including: a tie rod assembly, two horizontal tie rods, a vertical tie rod, a common rod node, and two temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite dampers as described in any one of claims 1-7; The tie rod assembly includes a first main tie rod, a second main tie rod, a third main tie rod, and a secondary tie rod; the first, second, and third main tie rods are collinear; one end of the first main tie rod is fixed to the crossarm beam of the transmission tower, and the other end is connected to the second main tie rod through a shared rod node; the second main tie rod is connected to one end of the third main tie rod through a first temperature-controlled alternating self-recovering composite damper, and the other end of the third main tie rod is fixed to an insulator string; One end of the first horizontal tie rod is fixed to the insulator string, and the other end is connected to the second horizontal tie rod through the second temperature-controlled alternating self-resetting composite damper. The other end of the second horizontal tie rod is connected to the common pole node. One end of the vertical tie rod is fixed to the crossarm beam of the transmission tower, and the other end is connected to the common pole node. One end of the secondary diagonal tie rod is fixed to the crossarm beam of the transmission tower, and the other end is connected to the common pole node.

10. A wind deflection suppression system, characterized in that, include: Two wind deflection suppression devices as described in claim 9 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the transmission tower and connected by a cross-connection assembly. The cross-connection assembly includes a five-way cylindrical helical spring and a flexible guy wire. The five-way cylindrical helical spring is placed in a regular hexagonal shell. Five sets of spring mounting seats are machined on the inner wall of the regular hexagonal shell. The mounting seats are provided with threaded holes for fixing the five-way cylindrical helical spring. The five-way cylindrical helical spring and the flexible guy wire are arranged coaxially. The flexible guy wire is hinged to the common pole node by double-ear plate bolts and fixedly connected to the metal clamp at the bottom of the insulator. It is connected to the transverse beam of the transmission tower by a bolt-type guy wire clamp, which is fixed to one side of the transverse beam.

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