Biomass particle firewood kiln device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass particle combustion equipment, and discloses a biomass particle firewood kiln device which comprises a furnace body bearing base assembly, a detachable supporting assembly is arranged at the upper end of the furnace body bearing base assembly, a main combustion assembly is arranged at the upper end of the detachable supporting assembly, and the main combustion assembly comprises a particle main combustion chamber. A columnar combustion channel is arranged at the upper end of the particle main combustion chamber, rotary combustion assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the particle main combustion chamber, each rotary combustion assembly comprises lateral circulation combustion chambers which are symmetrically arranged, and flow guide cavities are formed in the lateral circulation combustion chambers. Biomass particle fuel is fully burnt out, clean burning is achieved, and meanwhile the heat utilization efficiency is improved; the modular detachable structure is adopted, rapid assembly and flexible deployment are facilitated, the requirements of multiple scenes are met, and the installation, maintenance and relocation cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass pellet combustion equipment technology, specifically a biomass pellet firewood kiln device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of biomass pellet combustion equipment technology, biomass pellets, as a clean and renewable energy source with high calorific value, have gradually replaced traditional wood and become the preferred fuel for commercial heating equipment, widely used in professional baking, Chinese and Western cuisine preparation, and other scenarios. However, existing kiln-type equipment adapted to this fuel has significant technical shortcomings in terms of structural design, combustion efficiency, deployment flexibility, and commercial capacity adaptability. It fails to fully unleash the clean advantages of biomass pellets and is also difficult to meet the comprehensive usage needs of professional scenarios.

[0003] Traditional French-style brick-built wood-fired kilns typically employ fixed structures built on-site, requiring a large footprint and relying on heavy equipment for construction. This results in poor equipment deployment flexibility, making them unsuitable for temporary scenarios or relocation needs. Furthermore, the brick-built kiln body has high thermal inertia, leading to lengthy heating times and high fuel consumption. The single combustion chamber lacks a scientifically designed oxygen supply and flue gas circulation system, making it difficult to completely burn the volatiles and solid particles produced by fuel pyrolysis. This results in the emission of black smoke and large amounts of particulate matter, failing to meet environmental standards. Additionally, the limited effective baking space and small baking tray capacity make it difficult to meet the high-capacity demands of commercial applications. On the other hand, ordinary biomass pellet kilns often have a single combustion chamber structure, resulting in short flue gas residence time and low heat exchange efficiency, making it difficult to balance clean combustion with efficient heating.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a biomass pellet kiln device that integrates rapid heating, low energy consumption, clean emissions, modular mobility, and high production capacity to resolve the comprehensive contradictions between existing technologies in terms of heating efficiency, environmental performance, deployment flexibility, and commercial production capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomass pellet wood-fired kiln device that solves the following technical problems: Traditional French-style brick wood-fired kilns generally adopt a fixed structure built on-site, occupying a large area and relying on large equipment for construction. The equipment deployment flexibility is poor, making it unsuitable for temporary scenarios or flexible relocation needs. Furthermore, the brick-built kiln body has high thermal inertia, resulting in long heating times and high fuel consumption. In addition, the single combustion chamber lacks a scientific oxygen supply and flue gas circulation design, making it difficult to completely burn the volatiles and solid particles produced by fuel pyrolysis, easily emitting black smoke and large amounts of particulate matter, failing to meet environmental performance standards. Moreover, the effective baking space is limited, and the baking tray has a small capacity, making it difficult to meet the high-capacity requirements of commercial scenarios. As for ordinary biomass pellet kilns, they are mostly single-combustion-chamber structures, with short flue gas residence time and low heat exchange efficiency, making it difficult to achieve both clean combustion and efficient heating effects.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A biomass pellet firewood kiln device includes a furnace body support base assembly, the upper end of which is provided with a detachable support assembly, the detachable support assembly including symmetrically arranged support base plates, and the upper end of the support base plates is provided with a main combustion assembly. The main combustion assembly includes a particle main combustion chamber disposed on the upper end of the support base plate, a columnar combustion channel disposed at the upper end of the particle main combustion chamber, and swirl combustion assemblies symmetrically disposed on both sides of the particle main combustion chamber. The swirling combustion assembly includes lateral circulation combustion chambers symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main particle combustion chamber, and the interior of the lateral circulation combustion chamber is provided with a swirling flue gas passage. The interior of the lateral circulation combustion chamber is provided with an enclosed flue gas guiding heat exchange component, which includes a guiding cavity disposed inside the lateral circulation combustion chamber. The upper end of the main combustion chamber of the pellets is provided with a smoke exhaust assembly and a feeding assembly; Driven by the chimney's suction, biomass pellets undergo primary combustion in the main combustion chamber after a single air intake. Pyrolysis combustible gases are mixed and combusted in the upper part by a secondary air intake under strong turbulent flow. When the flue gas passes through the throat of the swirling flue gas channel, it is drawn in air through the oxygen supply hole to enhance combustion. After entering the guide cavity, it undergoes re-combustion and heat exchange along the multi-turn flow channel with a small amount of oxygen supply. Finally, the combustion "polishing" is completed in the exhaust assembly.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: a plurality of V-shaped locking blocks are provided at the upper end of the supporting base plate; The bottom of the lateral circulation combustion chamber is provided with multiple figure-eight shaped connecting blocks that are adapted to the V-shaped locking blocks.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the feeding assembly includes a feeding channel disposed at the upper end of the main combustion chamber of the particles; A feeding port is provided at the upper end of the feeding channel.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the flow guiding cavity adopts a trapezoidal expansion and contraction section structure.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the exhaust assembly includes a vertical chimney disposed at the upper end of the main combustion chamber of the particles, and the lower end of the vertical chimney forms a high-temperature combustion delay period. The lower part of the vertical chimney is reserved for the installation of a detachable honeycomb ceramic catalytic module.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: thermal insulation components are symmetrically provided on the upper end of the detachable support component; The thermal insulation component includes thermal insulation layers symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the supporting base plate, and the upper ends of the two thermal insulation layers are provided with the same sandwich thermal insulation structure. An insulation box door is provided on one side of the insulation layer.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: an air intake adjustment component is provided on one side of the upper end of the support base plate; The intake adjustment assembly includes a sealing plate disposed on the upper part of the support base plate, and the sealing plate has multiple adjustment holes.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: an oven assembly is provided within the internal space enclosed by the heat insulation component; The oven assembly includes an oven liner, and the interior of the oven liner is provided with multiple support structures along the height direction. The support structures are provided with a multi-layer guide rail system, and baking trays are slidably mounted on each of the multiple guide rail systems.

[0014] As a further aspect of the present invention: the insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber material with a density of not less than 128K and a thickness of not less than 150mm.

[0015] As a further aspect of the present invention: the effective volume of the oven assembly is 1.333m³. 3 The total effective load-bearing area of ​​all the effective baking trays in the oven assembly is 1.92m². 2 .

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) High-efficiency and clean combustion, energy saving and consumption reduction: This invention uses a multi-stage air intake and five-stage combustion design (primary combustion in the main combustion chamber, upper turbulent mixing combustion, throat enhanced combustion, guide chamber re-combustion, and chimney combustion "polishing"), combined with a swirling flue gas channel and multiple turning channels to extend the flue gas residence time, to achieve complete combustion of biomass particles, with almost no visible black smoke in the exhaust, and meets environmental protection standards; compared with traditional French brick kilns, it only takes 60-90 minutes to heat up to 400℃ (2-3 times faster), and the fuel consumption during the constant temperature stage is only 3-5kg / h, saving 80-90% of fuel, with a thermal efficiency of 70-80%, greatly reducing the cost of use; (2) Modular and detachable design, flexible to adapt to multiple scenarios: The components of this invention adopt a standardized modular design, and the core components can be transported separately. No large equipment or welding process is required. 2-3 people can complete the installation and debugging in 2-3 hours. The whole machine does not require a separate foundation. With adjustable leveling support feet, it is suitable for temporary or fixed scenarios such as shopping malls, restaurants, markets, and camps. Relocation, maintenance and upgrade are convenient, and deployment and operation and maintenance costs are significantly reduced.

[0017] (3) High productivity and excellent user experience: The effective volume of the oven in the wood-fired kiln of this invention is 1.333m³. 3The total effective load-bearing area of ​​the baking pan is 1.92m². 2 It can bake 16-20 12-inch pizzas per batch, and continuously produce 192-240 pizzas per hour, with a production capacity comparable to or even better than traditional large brick kilns. Through the enclosed heat exchange and three-dimensional uniform heating design, it ensures that the ingredients are heated evenly and the baking quality is stable. Equipped with a high-temperature resistant observation window, multi-stage air intake adjustment and anti-backfire structure, it is easy and safe to operate, realizing the efficient commercial needs of "one machine for multiple uses" (baking, cooking) and "bread waiting for people".

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of AA; Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of BB; Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the entire invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the wood-fired kiln of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotary combustion assembly of the present invention.

[0021] In the diagram: 100, Furnace body support base assembly; 101, Support frame; 102, Adjustable leveling support feet; 103, Heat insulation layer; 200, Detachable support assembly; 201, Support base plate; 202, V-shaped locking block; 300, Main combustion assembly; 301, Particle main combustion chamber; 302, Columnar combustion channel; 400, Feed assembly; 401, Feed channel; 402, Feed port; 500, Rotary combustion assembly; 501, Lateral circulating combustion chamber; 502. Figure-eight connecting block; 503, swirling flue gas channel; 600, enclosed flue gas guide heat exchange component; 601, guide cavity; 700, exhaust component; 701, vertical chimney; 800, thermal insulation component; 801, insulation layer; 802, sandwich insulation structure; 803, insulated box door; 900, air intake adjustment component; 901, sealing plate; 902, adjustment hole; 1000, oven component; 1001, support structure; 1002, guide rail system; 1003, baking tray. Detailed Implementation

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar symbols denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] In the field of biomass pellet combustion equipment technology, traditional French brick-built wood-fired kilns are generally fixed structures built on-site, occupying a large area and relying on large equipment for construction. The equipment deployment is inflexible and cannot adapt to temporary scenarios or flexible relocation needs. At the same time, the brick-built furnace body has strong thermal inertia, takes a long time to heat up and consumes a lot of fuel. In addition, the single combustion chamber lacks a scientific oxygen supply and flue gas circulation design, making it difficult to completely burn the volatiles and solid particles produced by fuel pyrolysis. This easily results in the emission of black smoke and a large amount of particulate matter, failing to meet environmental protection standards. Furthermore, the effective baking space is limited and the baking tray has a small load capacity, making it difficult to meet the high production capacity requirements of commercial scenarios. Ordinary biomass pellet furnaces typically have a single combustion chamber structure, resulting in short residence time of flue gas within the combustion chamber and low heat exchange efficiency, making it difficult to achieve both clean combustion and efficient heating.

[0025] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a biomass pellet wood-fired kiln device that integrates rapid heating, low energy consumption, clean emissions, modular mobility, and high production capacity. This device would address the comprehensive contradictions in heating efficiency, environmental performance, deployment flexibility, and commercial production capacity of existing technologies, better adapt to the professional baking needs of various scenarios, and achieve seamless switching between professional Chinese and Western cooking equipment and a warm wood-fired stove. This multi-functional device would meet diverse needs. At the same time, it would coexist harmoniously with communities and the environment through smokeless and clean technology, and achieve ultimate energy saving with extremely low fuel costs and environmentally friendly characteristics, making the creative process more sustainable and greener.

[0026] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 4 As shown, a biomass pellet firewood kiln device includes a furnace body support base assembly 100, which includes a support frame 101. The support frame 101 serves as the bottom support component of the firewood kiln and is specifically composed of an outer square frame and multiple support crossbars arranged linearly along the length direction in the middle, forming a uniformly stressed grid-like load-bearing system that provides a stable installation foundation for the various functional modules of the upper firewood kiln. The bottom end of the support frame 101 is provided with adjustable leveling support feet 102, which can flexibly adapt to different ground flatness environments, ensuring the overall horizontal stability of the furnace body after installation and avoiding uneven structural stress caused by uneven ground. The bottom of the support frame 101 is provided with a heat insulation layer 103, which can adopt a multi-layer composite protective structure, sequentially consisting of a fireproof protective layer, a metal support plate, and a high-efficiency heat insulation layer, preventing high temperatures at the bottom of the furnace body from being conducted to the ground.

[0027] For further details, please refer to Figure 5 As shown, a detachable support assembly 200 is provided on the upper end of the furnace body support base assembly 100. The detachable support assembly 200 serves as a modular connection carrier, enabling rapid assembly of the internal / external structures via bolt detachable connections, adapting to the rapid deployment needs of various scenarios such as markets and campsites. The detachable support assembly 200 includes symmetrically arranged support base plates 201. Multiple V-shaped locking blocks 202 are detachably connected along the length of the upper ends of the two support base plates 201 via bolts, facilitating rapid disassembly and installation of the structure. Multiple air inlets are provided at the bottom of the support base plates 201. These air inlets are not merely structural openings, but are designed in conjunction with the primary air intake structure of the combustion system to form a through-flow airflow channel, ensuring that natural air can smoothly enter the bottom of the main combustion chamber, providing sufficient oxygen for the primary combustion of biomass pellets, thus achieving deep synergy between the support function and the combustion function.

[0028] For further details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 - Figure 8 As shown, the upper end of the detachable support assembly 200 is provided with a main combustion assembly 300. The main combustion assembly 300 adopts a vertical columnar combustion structure with a "single pillar reaching the sky". The main combustion assembly 300 includes a pellet main combustion chamber 301 arranged vertically on the upper end of the support base plate 201, which is used to contain biomass pellets and provide a stable combustion environment. The upper end of the pellet main combustion chamber 301 is provided with a columnar combustion channel 302. The columnar combustion channel 302 extends in the vertical direction and can guide the high-temperature flame generated by combustion to form a stable flame column that rises upward, providing a concentrated and continuous high-temperature heat source for subsequent multi-stage combustion.

[0029] The main combustion chamber 301 has first air inlets on its side walls and bottom, which provide sufficient oxygen to the biomass pellets inside. The lower end of the main combustion chamber 301 is equipped with an ash removal and cleaning structure. This structure is detachable; during ash removal, simply open the kiln and slide out the cleaning disc to clean the ash inside, preventing ash accumulation from affecting combustion efficiency and ensuring unobstructed flow within the combustion chamber.

[0030] In this embodiment, biomass pellets fall into the bottom of the pellet main combustion chamber 301 through the feed port 402. Under the natural blowing action of the vertical chimney 701, oxygen enters from the side wall and bottom, making full contact with the fuel to achieve primary oxidation and pyrolysis of the pellets. The flue gas and particulate matter after combustion enter the subsequent multi-stage combustion system and complete the first combustion inside the pellet main combustion chamber 301.

[0031] The upper part of the furnace is provided with a second air inlet along the circumference. The combustible volatile gas generated by particle pyrolysis accumulates above the fuel layer and is injected with preheated air at a high flow rate through the second air inlet, forming strong turbulence. This rapidly mixes the combustible gas with the air and ignites it, significantly reducing black smoke and carbon monoxide. The second combustion is completed in the high-temperature combustion zone of the pyrolysis gas.

[0032] For further details, please refer to Figure 6As shown, a feeding assembly 400 is provided at the upper end of the main combustion assembly 300, through which biomass pellets can be added into the pellet main combustion chamber 301. The feeding assembly 400 includes a feeding channel 401 located at the upper end of the main combustion assembly 300. The feeding channel 401 is designed in an inclined shape, and a feeding port 402 is opened at the upper end of the feeding channel 401. A backfire prevention structure is provided on the feeding channel 401. The backfire prevention structure can be designed by installing a one-way overturning valve inside the feeding channel 401, which overturns and opens when conveying pellets, and closes quickly under the action of flue gas pressure to form a mechanical barrier when backfire occurs. An expansion section is provided at the end of the feeding channel 401 to allow sparks to settle and extinguish the flame. At the same time, a flip-type high-temperature resistant sealing cover is provided on the top of the feeding port 402.

[0033] For further details, please refer to Figure 6 As shown, a rotary combustion assembly 500 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main combustion assembly 300. The rotary combustion assembly 500 includes a lateral circulation combustion chamber 501 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the particle main combustion chamber 301. Multiple figure-eight connecting blocks 502 are provided at the bottom of the lateral circulation combustion chamber 501. The figure-eight connecting blocks 502 are connected to the V-shaped locking blocks 202. Multiple third air inlets are opened on the side wall of the lateral circulation combustion chamber 501. The third air inlets are tiny oxygen supplement holes. A rotary flue gas channel 503 is provided inside the lateral circulation combustion chamber 501.

[0034] High-temperature flue gas and volatile combustible gas from the main combustion chamber 301 enter the swirling flue gas passage 503, and repeatedly circulate and linger within the passage. Simultaneously, under the influence of high-temperature gas pressure, oxygen is continuously drawn into the swirling flue gas passage 503 to fully contact the flue gas and combustible gas, thereby achieving complete combustion.

[0035] For further details, please refer to Figure 6 As shown, the cyclone combustion assembly 500 is internally equipped with a wrap-around flue gas guiding heat exchange assembly 600. The wrap-around flue gas guiding heat exchange assembly 600 includes a guiding cavity 601 disposed inside the lateral circulation combustion chamber 501. The guiding cavity 601 is designed with a trapezoidal expansion and contraction section structure. The end near the particle main combustion chamber 301 is designed with a narrow opening, and the end away is a wide opening, thereby forming a flue gas flow channel with continuous contraction and expansion.

[0036] The high-temperature flue gas, combustible volatiles, and unburned particulate matter generated in the main combustion chamber 301 enter the swirling flue gas channel 503 under the action of high temperature and pressure difference. At the end of the lateral circulation combustion chamber 501, it is turned back and enters the guide chamber 601. In the wide opening area of ​​the guide chamber 601, the flue gas and unburned particulate matter expand the space, which slows down the flue gas flow rate. Micro oxygen supply holes are set at the bend of the guide chamber 601, and oxygen is introduced to fully contact the flue gas. Unburned hydrocarbons and tiny particulate matter react deeply here. When the flue gas and unburned particulate matter flow through the trapezoidal contraction section, the flow velocity increases significantly and the pressure decreases due to the contraction of the channel cross section, resulting in a strong suction effect.

[0037] In this embodiment, the swirling flue gas channel 503 between the main combustion chamber 301 and the upper guide cavity 601 is configured as a contraction throat. When the flue gas passes through the throat, the flow rate increases and the pressure decreases, generating a suction effect. Through the third set of tiny oxygen supply holes, preheated air is drawn into the high-temperature flue gas to enhance the combustion of the remaining combustible components, forming a stable and bright "dragon flame", thereby achieving a third combustion in the throat enhanced combustion zone.

[0038] After entering the upper guide cavity 601, the flue gas flows along the furnace wall and oven cavity. The flow channel adopts a multi-turn, extended, and trapezoidal expansion and contraction section design, which makes the flue gas form a regular W-shaped zigzag flow trajectory in the cavity. This significantly prolongs the residence time of the flue gas in the cavity and increases the contact area between the flue gas and the cavity wall. The micro-oxygen injection holes evenly arranged around the circumference at the key bends of the flow channel continuously introduce fresh oxygen, which fully contacts the incompletely burned hydrocarbons and tiny carbon particles in the flue gas and undergoes a deep oxidation reaction, completing the fourth combustion. At the same time, the high-temperature flue gas efficiently transfers heat to the inside of the oven cavity through a composite heat transfer method of large-area wall-mounted convection heat transfer and high-temperature radiation heat transfer. Finally, in the recombustion zone of the guide cavity 601, the oven cavity is heated in three dimensions without dead angles, ensuring that the food in each baking tray 1003 is heated in a consistent intensity and ensuring the stability of baking quality.

[0039] For further details, please refer to Figure 6 As shown, a smoke exhaust assembly 700 is provided at the upper end of the main combustion assembly 300. The smoke exhaust assembly 700 includes a vertical chimney 701 provided at the upper end of the particle main combustion chamber 301. The vertical chimney 701 is relatively long, forming a high-temperature combustion delay period, so that the bottom end of the vertical chimney 701 maintains a high-temperature environment and prolongs the residence time of flue gas, thereby realizing the final oxidation of the residual combustibles under high temperature conditions.

[0040] In this embodiment, the flue gas ultimately enters the vertical chimney 701, where it continues to rise under stable suction. During the high-temperature combustion period, it completes the final stage of combustion "polishing," achieving the fifth combustion and further reducing visible particles and combustible components in the flue gas. Through the aforementioned multi-stage air intake and five-stage combustion design, under normal furnace temperature conditions, there is almost no visible black smoke at the outlet of the vertical chimney 701. The particulate matter concentration detected on-site is close to the background value of the same environment, achieving a level of clean combustion.

[0041] In this design, the flow of flue gas and unburned solid particles, as well as the input of oxygen, do not rely on mechanical fans. Instead, they utilize the chimney's draft and the geometry of the flow channel to create natural recirculation, resulting in a reliable structure and low maintenance.

[0042] For further details, please refer to Figure 6 As shown, a triangular load-bearing frame is symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the detachable support component 200 via bolts. The triangular load-bearing frame supports the outer shell of the oven body. A heat insulation component 800 is arranged between the outer shell of the oven body and the oven cavity. The heat insulation component 800 includes a symmetrical heat insulation layer 801 that fits into the triangular load-bearing frame. The heat insulation layer 801 is preferably made of high-density ceramic fiber material, with specific parameters of 128K density and 150mm thickness. A sandwich insulation structure 802 is symmetrically arranged on the upper end of the two symmetrical heat insulation layers 801. An openable heat insulation box door 803 is hinged to one side of the heat insulation layer 801 via a high-temperature resistant hinge. The inner side of the door is inlaid with a ceramic fiber lining of the same material as the heat insulation layer 801. When closed, it fits seamlessly with the heat insulation layer 801 to ensure the integrity of the heat insulation. Baking operations can be carried out by opening the heat insulation box door 803.

[0043] For further details, please refer to Figure 6 As shown, an air intake adjustment component 900 is provided on one side of the two symmetrical triangular load-bearing frames. The air intake adjustment component 900 includes a sealing plate 901 provided on one side of the two symmetrical triangular load-bearing frames. The sealing plate 901 has multi-stage adjustment holes 902. The multi-stage adjustment holes 902 are used to realize multi-stage air intake of the wood-fired kiln. The adjustment method of the multi-stage adjustment holes 902 can be selected as manual or semi-automatic. In manual adjustment, a sliding adjustment baffle is provided on the outside of the sealing plate 901. The baffle has matching holes corresponding to the multi-stage adjustment holes 902. The user can manually push the adjustment baffle to make the matching holes of the baffle partially or completely align with the multi-stage adjustment holes 902 on the sealing plate 901, thereby controlling the number and degree of opening of the air intake channel and realizing manual and precise control of the air intake volume.

[0044] For further details, please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 3As shown, a high-temperature resistant observation window is provided on the other side of the two symmetrical triangular load-bearing frames. Through this window, the shape, color, and stability of the towering flame of the main combustion component 300 and the "dragon flame" of the guide chamber 601 can be observed in real time. This wood-fired kiln, through a temperature gauge, high-temperature resistant glass, and optional electronic monitoring modules, forms a multi-dimensional operating condition monitoring system. This system provides comprehensive and accurate judgment for operators to manually adjust the opening of the air intake valve and control the feeding rhythm of pellets, or for the simple automatic control system to achieve closed-loop control of the combustion state. This ensures that the furnace temperature remains stable within the target range, guaranteeing the consistency of roasting quality and combustion efficiency.

[0045] For further details, please refer to Figure 6 As shown, an oven assembly 1000 is provided within the internal space enclosed by the heat insulation component 800. The oven assembly 1000 includes an oven liner. Multiple support structures 1001 are provided along the height direction inside the oven liner. A multi-layer guide rail system 1002 is provided on the support structure 1001. A baking tray 1003 is slidably provided on each of the multi-layer guide rail system 1002.

[0046] Open the insulated oven door 803, push the baking tray 1003 containing the ingredients into the corresponding layer along the multi-layer guide rail system 1002, and close the insulated oven door 803 to ensure seamless bonding between the ceramic fiber lining and the insulation layer 801, forming a sealed, heat-insulating space. By adjusting the air intake valve, the opening of the baffle is adjusted, and the feeding rhythm of the granules is controlled. The oven temperature can be stabilized within the target range without the need for complex electronic control algorithms. After baking is complete, turn off the main combustion component 300 or adjust it to the minimum air intake and let it stand for a moment. Then, open the insulated oven door 803 again, pull out the baking tray 1003 along the guide rail, remove the ingredients, clean them, and return or store the baking tray 1003. Close the oven door to complete the entire process.

[0047] Example 2: Based on Example 1, please refer to... Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, this device can meet the requirements of smokeless operation and high efficiency by relying on high-temperature multi-stage combustion and sufficient secondary oxygen supply. It does not require the use of a catalyst. For the upgrade of this technology, the lower part of the exhaust component 700 is reserved for the installation of a detachable honeycomb ceramic catalytic module. Platinum / palladium and other precious metals or transition metal oxides such as manganese and copper can be loaded to catalytically oxidize CO and unburned hydrocarbons in the temperature range of 250-400℃, further reducing emissions. The actual temperature of the reserved position of the catalytic module is within the catalyst activity range.

[0048] Example 3: Based on Example 1, the advantages of this solution compared to traditional design solutions are as follows: 1) Smokeless combustion technology (multi-stage air intake and five-stage complete combustion) This biomass pellet kiln device adopts a staged combustion structure combining five-stage combustion and multi-point air intake. Biomass pellets fall into the bottom of the main combustion chamber through the feed port 402, where they undergo primary oxidation and pyrolysis under the action of primary air (first combustion). The combustible volatile gases produced by pellet pyrolysis are mixed with preheated air injected from the secondary air intake at the top and ignited (second combustion). When the flue gas passes through the contraction "throat" between the main combustion chamber and the guide cavity 601, it is enhanced by the combustion of residual combustible components by the preheated air drawn in by the third set of oxygen supplement holes (third combustion). After entering the guide heat exchange cavity, the flue gas flows along a multi-turn flow channel, and under the action of a small amount of oxygen supplementation, unburned hydrocarbons are re-burned and efficiently heat transferred to the oven cavity (fourth combustion). Finally, the flue gas enters the vertical chimney and completes the final stage of combustion "polishing" in the high-temperature flue (fifth combustion). Through the above-mentioned staged combustion design, the device achieves clean combustion. Under normal furnace temperature conditions, there is no visible black smoke at the chimney outlet, and the particulate matter concentration is close to the background value of the same environment.

[0049] The flue gas recirculation system of this biomass pellet kiln utilizes a specific geometric design (trapezoidal expansion / contraction section structure) with an arc shape and contraction / expansion within the top of the main combustion chamber and the guide cavity 601. This design creates a localized annular recirculation zone for the high-temperature flue gas, allowing the low-velocity recirculated flue gas to be re-entrained into the main and secondary combustion zones. There, it mixes with newly introduced secondary air, achieving multiple re-combustion of combustible components. The system does not rely on mechanical fans, but instead utilizes the chimney's draft and the geometry of the flow channels to create natural recirculation, offering advantages such as reliable structure and low maintenance.

[0050] 2) High performance In terms of heat exchange area, materials, and fluid design, the effective volume of the wood-fired kiln oven in this design is approximately 1333 liters, and the effective area of ​​the baking tray 1003 is approximately 1.92 m². 2 Its cavity uses a 3-5mm thick food-grade stainless steel plate as the inner liner, with an outer steel structure box, and a ceramic fiber insulation layer of 801 filling the middle to form a double-layer heat insulation structure, which significantly reduces heat loss compared to traditional single-layer brick kiln bodies; at the same time, the flue gas channel adopts a three-dimensional wrap-around wall-mounted flow design, forming a composite heat exchange mode that combines large-area wall-mounted convection with high-temperature radiation, significantly improving the effective heat exchange area and convective heat transfer coefficient; and the area of ​​the LeFlamme (baking pan 1003) is approximately 0.385m². 2 Effective volume: 0.15–0.2 m³ 3 LePanyol 120 (baking pan 1003, area approximately 1.13m²) 2 Effective volume 0.5m³ 3 Compared to traditional French brick kilns, this device, with a volume close to that of the Le Panyol 120 and a baking pan area of ​​1003, achieves a significant increase in effective heat per unit of fuel thanks to its more efficient metal casing and ceramic fiber insulation structure.

[0051] In terms of fuel and output capacity, this device has significant advantages in cooking output and fuel consumption: it can bake 16-20 12-inch pizzas per batch, or the equivalent of 20kg of dough, and can continuously produce 192-240 12-inch pizzas per hour, or about 84 baguettes. During the heating phase (from cold oven to 400℃), the consumption of biomass pellets or dry wood is about 6-9kg / h, and during the constant temperature phase (maintaining around 400℃ for continuous production), it is about 3-5kg / h. Compared to LeFlamme (which requires 15-18kg of wood to reach 400℃ and takes 180-240 minutes) and LePanyol, this device offers superior performance. Compared to French kilns such as the 120 (which require 21.5 kg of wood and take approximately 258 minutes to heat to 400℃), this device consumes only 2–3 kg of fuel per hour while maintaining near or even higher production capacity. This is significantly lower than the 6–8 kg / h level of traditional French brick kilns after conversion based on total heating fuel and time. It achieves an optimized balance between lower energy consumption and higher heat output efficiency. The effective heat output per unit of fuel is significantly better than that of traditional kilns, thus truly realizing the goal of "the bread is waiting for people, not people waiting for bread."

[0052] Regarding start-up time (from cold state to operating temperature), this device only requires 60–90 minutes to heat up from a cold kiln state to an operating temperature of 400℃, while among comparable French products, Le Flamme requires 180–240 minutes and Le Panyol 120 requires approximately 258 minutes. Therefore, under conditions close to the volume and output capacity of a traditional French wood-fired kiln, the heating rate of this device is approximately 2–3 times that of a traditional French wood-fired kiln, significantly shortening the equipment preheating time in commercial scenarios and effectively improving operational efficiency.

[0053] 3) Energy-saving and environmentally friendly (saving approximately 80–90% of timber) According to the test report, the key parameters of the biomass pellet fuel used in this device are excellent: moisture content on the received basis is 6.3%, ash content on the air-dried basis is 1.35%, volatile matter is 81.6%, fixed carbon is 17.0%, total sulfur is 0.03%, and the net calorific value on the received basis is about 17.7 MJ / kg (4.9 kWh / kg). The biomass pellets are mainly composed of lignocellulosic biomass, with a lignocellulose content of 70-80 wt%. The calorific value is close to that of high-quality dried hardwood, and the moisture content is much lower than that of conventional air-dried wood (20-30%).

[0054] The additive formulation of the biomass pellets used in this device follows the principle of cleanliness and efficiency: the binder uses natural polymer materials such as starch and lignin (mass fraction of about 3-10%), which only generate CO2 and H2O after combustion and do not introduce additional harmful components; a small amount of mineral additives such as calcium carbonate and zeolite can be added to the pellets as needed to improve the molding strength and assist in the adsorption of flue gas components; if it is necessary to further improve the burnout rate, a small amount of metal salts containing iron and manganese can also be introduced as combustion aids, which can form metal oxides with catalytic oxidation ability at high temperatures. This formulation not only ensures the core fuel attributes of high calorific value, low ash content and low sulfur content of the pellets, but also takes into account the dual requirements of molding strength and clean combustion.

[0055] Assuming a unit price of 1 yuan / kg for both pellets and wood, the biomass pellets used in this device demonstrate significant advantages in energy efficiency and cost compared to traditional wood: In terms of calorific value per unit mass, pellets have approximately 17.7 MJ / kg, which is 26-41% higher than air-dried wood with a moisture content of 20-30% (12.5-14 MJ / kg); in terms of thermal efficiency and effective heat, the overall thermal efficiency of pellets combined with the multi-stage combustion structure of this invention reaches 70-80% (effective heat of approximately 13.3 MJ / kg based on 75%), while the efficiency of wood combined with a traditional wood-burning stove is only 20-30% (effective heat of approximately 3.9 MJ / kg based on 30%), and the effective heat obtained per unit fuel cost is approximately 3.4 times that of the traditional solution; From the perspective of fuel consumption and storage and transportation costs, this device requires only 2–3 kg of biomass pellets or an equivalent amount of dry wood when heated to 400℃, which is 80–90% less than the 15–21.5 kg of wood required by traditional French kilns, and the pellet density is approximately 1.23 t / m³. 3 The volumetric energy density is the same as that of firewood (bulk density 0.4–0.6 t / m³). 3 More than three times that of other products can significantly reduce transportation and warehousing costs. In summary, under the same fuel price, this device, combined with biomass pellets, can reduce total fuel consumption by 70-90% while maintaining or increasing output capacity, resulting in a significant reduction in energy consumption per unit product.

[0056] 4) Modular and detachable assembly This device achieves a precise balance between high-temperature resistance and lightweight design in its material selection: the oven cavity is made of 3-5mm thick food-grade stainless steel, which meets the requirements of food contact safety and structural strength under high-temperature conditions, while also possessing good thermal conductivity; the outer shell and load-bearing frame are made of high-quality carbon steel or weathering steel, combined with a ceramic fiber insulation layer of 801 to form a double-layer box structure, effectively controlling the total weight while ensuring overall rigidity; the 1.3-meter viewing window uses high-temperature resistant glass that can withstand temperatures up to 800-1000℃, ensuring safety and reliability in long-term high-temperature environments; the core box components weigh approximately 1200kg, requiring no separate foundation construction or hoisting equipment for deployment, making it suitable for temporary scenarios or flexible relocation needs.

[0057] The transportation and installation of this device focuses on adaptability and convenience for multiple scenarios. Key parameters and implementation details are as follows: The minimum installation size is approximately 145cm × 110cm × 100cm, flexibly adaptable to common commercial spaces such as shopping mall back areas, restaurant kitchens, and event markets; the entire unit adopts a standardized modular design, allowing for transportation via pallets or wooden crates, and on-site assembly relies on bolts and positioning structures, eliminating the need for welding; installation requires no forklifts or other lifting equipment, as all modules are detachably connected by bolts, eliminating welding; two workers can complete the entire installation and commissioning in just 2-3 hours; the accompanying installation guide clearly defines recommended foundation load-bearing requirements, chimney height and minimum turning radius specifications, safety distances and fireproof distance standards around the furnace, as well as indoor / semi-outdoor smoke extraction and fresh air configuration schemes, providing comprehensive support for compliant deployment; this modular design not only significantly reduces transportation and installation costs but also facilitates subsequent dismantling, relocation, maintenance, and technical upgrades.

[0058] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass pellet wood kiln device, characterized in that, The furnace body supports a base assembly, and a detachable support assembly is provided at the upper end of the furnace body supports base assembly. The detachable support assembly includes symmetrically arranged support base plates, and a main combustion assembly is provided at the upper end of the support base plates. The main combustion assembly includes a particle main combustion chamber disposed on the upper end of the support base plate, a columnar combustion channel disposed at the upper end of the particle main combustion chamber, and swirl combustion assemblies symmetrically disposed on both sides of the particle main combustion chamber. The swirling combustion assembly includes lateral circulation combustion chambers symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main particle combustion chamber, and the interior of the lateral circulation combustion chamber is provided with a swirling flue gas passage. The interior of the lateral circulation combustion chamber is provided with an enclosed flue gas guiding heat exchange component, which includes a guiding cavity disposed inside the lateral circulation combustion chamber. The upper end of the main combustion chamber of the pellets is provided with a smoke exhaust assembly and a feeding assembly; Driven by the chimney's suction, biomass pellets undergo primary combustion in the main combustion chamber after a single air intake. Pyrolysis combustible gases are mixed and combusted in the upper part by a secondary air intake under strong turbulent flow. When the flue gas passes through the throat of the swirling flue gas channel, it is drawn in air through the oxygen supply hole to enhance combustion. After entering the guide cavity, it undergoes re-combustion and heat exchange along the multi-turn flow channel with a small amount of oxygen supply. Finally, the combustion is "polished" in the exhaust assembly.

2. The biomass pellet wood kiln device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the supporting base plate is provided with multiple V-shaped locking blocks; The bottom of the lateral circulation combustion chamber is provided with multiple figure-eight shaped connecting blocks that are adapted to the V-shaped locking blocks.

3. The biomass pellet wood kiln device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding assembly includes a feeding channel located at the upper end of the main combustion chamber of the pellets; A feeding port is provided at the upper end of the feeding channel.

4. The biomass pellet wood kiln device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guide cavity adopts a trapezoidal expansion and contraction section structure.

5. A biomass pellet wood kiln device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The exhaust assembly includes a vertical chimney located at the upper end of the main combustion chamber of the particles, and the lower end of the vertical chimney forms a high-temperature combustion delay period. The lower part of the vertical chimney is reserved for the installation of a detachable honeycomb ceramic catalytic module.

6. The biomass pellet wood kiln device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the detachable support assembly is symmetrically provided with thermal insulation components. The thermal insulation component includes thermal insulation layers symmetrically arranged on the upper part of the supporting base plate, and the upper ends of the two thermal insulation layers are provided with the same sandwich thermal insulation structure. An insulation box door is provided on one side of the insulation layer.

7. The biomass pellet wood kiln device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An air intake adjustment component is provided on one side of the upper end of the support base plate; The intake adjustment assembly includes a sealing plate disposed on the upper part of the support base plate, and the sealing plate has multiple adjustment holes.

8. A biomass pellet wood kiln device according to claim 6, characterized in that, An oven assembly is installed within the internal space enclosed by the thermal insulation component. The oven assembly includes an oven liner, and the interior of the oven liner is provided with multiple support structures along the height direction. The support structures are provided with a multi-layer guide rail system, and baking trays are slidably mounted on each of the multiple guide rail systems.

9. A biomass pellet wood kiln device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The insulation layer is made of ceramic fiber material with a density of not less than 128K and a thickness of not less than 150mm.

10. A biomass pellet wood kiln device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The effective volume of the oven assembly is 1.333m³. 3 The total effective load-bearing area of ​​all the effective baking trays in the oven assembly is 1.92m². 2 .

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