Electric heating load control system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to an electric heating load control system and method, and belongs to the technical field of load management control. According to the invention, the dual-mode communication modules are arranged on the load control terminal side and the intelligent Internet of Things table side, and the load control terminal and the intelligent Internet of Things table construct a networking routing mechanism based on the set dual-mode communication modules to realize mutual routing of dual-mode channels, so that dual-mode communication between the load control terminal and the intelligent Internet of Things table is realized. Wherein the dual-mode communication module adopts an HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) + HRF (High Radio Frequency) dual-mode communication mode. Thus, when the HPLC communication between the load control terminal and the intelligent Internet of Things is failed, the HRF can be directly started for communication, the situation that normal communication is affected due to abnormal communication caused by the fact that the HPLC is limited by the inherent problem of a power line channel is avoided, and the communication reliability and quality between the load control terminal and the intelligent Internet of Things are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a control system and method for electric heating loads, belonging to the field of load management and control technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the deepening demand for high-frequency data acquisition and efficient interaction between power sources, grids, loads, and storage in the construction of new power systems, public transformer substations are gradually connecting to emerging clean heating equipment such as electric heating. Due to the intermittent and fluctuating operation of these devices during their "photovoltaic, energy storage, charging, and discharging" cycles, the three-phase imbalance problem in these substations is becoming increasingly prominent. Coupled with the low voltage qualification rate at the end of traditional substations (low voltage issues in some areas), they are no longer adequate to meet the upgraded power quality requirements brought about by the widespread adoption of rural household appliances. At the same time, frequent strong seasonal load fluctuations such as rural irrigation and the return-home rush further exacerbate the overload risk of substation equipment. Against this backdrop, in order to improve the power quality of public transformer substations and achieve observable, measurable, adjustable, and controllable loads such as electric heating, electric heating load control equipment has emerged.

[0003] Based on the preliminary requirements for electric heating load control in Xinjiang, emerging load equipment such as electric heating should support minute-level data acquisition and intelligent control. Specifically, during the long winter days and nights of electric heating operation, data from the smart IoT meters of electric heating users should be collected periodically at a frequency of 15 minutes. According to actual business needs, high-frequency monitoring of voltage, current, active power, and reactive power data should be conducted for key users and during key periods to achieve minute-level data acquisition. Currently, the communication between distribution transformer terminals and electric heating equipment in Xinjiang mainly relies on HPLC, which presents the following prominent problems: Firstly, the parallel operation of high-power equipment and a large number of electric heating devices during peak electricity consumption periods easily causes signal interference, leading to fluctuations in data acquisition success rate. Furthermore, HPLC, based on power line transmission, is limited by line topology, resulting in insufficient coverage in remote areas. Secondly, although newly added electric heating load control equipment in distribution transformer areas relies on technologies such as RS-485, narrowband carrier, and HPLC, it still faces problems such as complex line laying, insufficient reliability, and limited coverage. Coupled with the distribution transformer area's priority to ensure the perception and high-frequency acquisition of electricity consumption information at the end of the power grid, the control priority of electric heating equipment is further reduced, resulting in poor real-time performance and low feedback efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a control system and method for electric heating loads, so as to solve the problems of the current electric heating load control process being unable to meet the requirements of high-frequency data acquisition and poor real-time control.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a control system for electric heating loads, comprising a load control terminal and a smart IoT meter. Both the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter are equipped with dual-mode communication modules. The load control terminal and the smart IoT meter communicate with each other through their respective dual-mode communication modules. The dual-mode communication modules employ an HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication method. The load control terminal and the smart IoT meter construct a network routing mechanism based on the dual-mode communication modules to achieve mutual routing between the dual-mode channels. When the load control terminal cannot achieve real-time control through the HPLC channel, it switches to the HRF path to achieve real-time control.

[0006] Furthermore, the load control terminal communicates with the dual-mode communication module on the load control terminal side via a serial USB 3.0 port.

[0007] Furthermore, the smart IoT meter is equipped with a load control module, through which the smart IoT meter controls the electric heating load and collects data on the electric heating load status.

[0008] Furthermore, the load control module uses 485 serial communication to control the electric heating load and collect data on the electric heating load status.

[0009] Furthermore, the load control terminal is equipped with a 4G / 5G communication module, which is used to feed back the collected electric heating load status and the control of the electric heating load to the main station system via the 4G / 5G communication module.

[0010] Furthermore, the load control terminal is used to issue data collection tasks to the smart IoT meter according to the priority of the data collection tasks, and the smart IoT meter realizes the electric heating load status based on the priority of the data collection tasks.

[0011] Furthermore, the load control terminal is equipped with an intelligent load acquisition and regulation algorithm, which enables the dual-mode communication module to switch paths as early as possible to retransmit service messages, thereby significantly reducing communication latency when services fail.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for controlling electric heating load, the method comprising: A corresponding dual-mode communication module is set on both the load control terminal side and the smart IoT meter side. The dual-mode communication module adopts the HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication method. The load control terminal and the smart IoT meter are built on a dual-mode communication module to establish a network routing mechanism to enable the dual-mode channels to route to each other. When the load control terminal cannot achieve real-time control through the HPLC channel, it switches to the HRF path to achieve real-time control, thereby realizing dual-mode communication between the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter.

[0013] Furthermore, the load control terminal communicates with the dual-mode communication module on the load control terminal side via a serial USB 3.0 port.

[0014] Furthermore, the method also includes setting up a load control module on the smart IoT meter, through which the smart IoT meter controls the electric heating load and collects data on the electric heating load status.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By setting up dual-mode communication modules on both the load control terminal side and the smart meter side, the load control terminal and the smart meter construct a network routing mechanism based on the set dual-mode communication modules to achieve mutual routing between the dual-mode channels, thereby realizing dual-mode communication between the load control terminal and the smart meter. The dual-mode communication modules adopt an HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication method. Thus, when HPLC communication between the load control terminal and the smart meter fails, HRF communication can be directly activated, avoiding the communication anomalies caused by the inherent limitations of HPLC due to power line channels, which in turn affect normal communication. This improves the reliability and quality of communication between the load control terminal and the smart meter, meets the requirements of high-frequency data acquisition, increases the control priority of electric heating loads, and improves the real-time performance of electric heating load control. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the communication architecture of the dual-mode alternative mechanism in the load control system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the high-efficiency substation load control system for heating load in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] This invention improves the reliability and quality of communication between the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter by setting up dual-mode communication modules on both the load control terminal side and the smart IoT meter side.

[0019] Implementation of Control System for Electric Heating Load This invention establishes dual-mode communication modules on both the load control terminal and the smart meter side. The load control terminal and the smart meter construct a network routing mechanism based on these dual-mode communication modules to achieve mutual routing between the two channels. When the load control terminal cannot achieve real-time control via the HPLC channel, it switches to the HRF path for real-time control, thus realizing dual-mode communication between the load control terminal and the smart meter. The dual-mode communication module employs an HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication method. In this way, when HPLC communication between the load control terminal and the smart meter fails, HRF communication can be directly activated, avoiding the communication anomalies caused by the inherent limitations of the power line channel in HPLC, which could affect normal communication. This improves the reliability and quality of communication between the load control terminal and the smart meter.

[0020] The electric heating load control system of this invention adopts a four-level control path: load control terminal - smart IoT meter - load control module - electric heating load, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a dual-mode communication module is used to achieve communication between the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter. Both the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter have a dual-mode communication module (CCO). One load control terminal can control multiple electric heating loads, meaning one load control terminal communicates with multiple smart IoT meters. This allows the load control terminal and multiple smart IoT meters to form a network through the dual-mode communication module, establishing a network routing mechanism to achieve mutual routing between the dual-mode channels. The dual-mode communication module uses an HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication method, employing a hybrid solution of two communication technologies. HPLC (High-Speed ​​Power Line Carrier) utilizes existing power lines for data transmission, offering advantages such as high speed and low latency, but is susceptible to power grid noise. HRF (High-Speed ​​Radio Frequency) is flexible in deployment and unaffected by power line quality, but is susceptible to obstruction, distance, and co-channel interference. Therefore, the dual-mode communication module used in this invention leverages the complementary advantages of HPLC and HRF, ensuring communication quality between the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter regardless of the environment.

[0021] To further reduce communication latency and improve communication speed, the serial communication between the load control terminal and the dual-mode communication module on the load control terminal side in this invention adopts a hub chip that supports USB 3.0. The USB 3.0 interface speed will be increased to 480Mbps, and the latency between the load control terminal and the dual-mode communication module on the load control terminal side will be negligible.

[0022] Specifically, this invention installs a smart IoT meter and configures a load control module on the electricity consumption side of the electric heating system. The smart IoT meter is used to measure the electricity consumption of electric heating users. The smart IoT meter controls the electric heating load and collects data on the electric heating load status through its load control module. Therefore, the load control module on the IoT meter serves two purposes: firstly, it acts as a communication conversion link with the circuit breaker to which the electric heating load belongs, converting the control commands from the smart IoT meter to the electric heating load (i.e., commands to control the on / off state of the circuit breaker) into commands that the circuit breaker can recognize. The circuit breaker then performs on / off-grid control based on the converted commands. Secondly, it acts as a data acquisition line for the electric heating load status (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.), collecting electric heating load status data and sending the collected data to the smart IoT meter. The load control module acquires the electric heating load status data through serial communication (such as RS485).

[0023] The load control terminal is used to collect high-frequency data on voltage, current, and power parameters from electricity meters (not all users in a distribution area are electric heating users; electric heating users generally use IoT meters, while non-electric heating users generally use non-modular ordinary electricity meters, which refers to ordinary electricity meters here, and data from ordinary electricity meters also needs to be collected during load control), smart IoT meters, electric heating and other load devices. The load control terminal is equipped with a load edge algorithm, which can model the integrated high-frequency monitoring data and output control commands, such as issuing control commands to cut off electric heating loads through smart IoT meters, thereby achieving precise switching of load control devices. The principles of the load edge algorithm are: overcapacity priority, balanced synchronization, capacity guarantee, and fair management. First, the load capacity of users requiring load management is calculated as ΔPb, as long as ΔPb + ΔP ≥ 0. Load control priority is sorted according to capacity (excluding users not involved in load management). If there are users who did not participate in the previous round of load management, they are selected as the capacity for execution in this round according to the principle of fairness. Users who did not participate in this round then participate in the load management execution. After the user is selected, ΔPb = P + P + ... P is calculated.

[0024] For example, the load control terminal outputs control commands for the electric heating load based on the electric heating status data collected by the smart IoT meter and the received dispatch control orders. The smart IoT meter, based on these control commands, controls the circuit breaker belonging to the corresponding electric heating load to disconnect through the load control module. Simultaneously, the load control terminal of this invention also feeds back the load control status to the remote master station system in real time via public networks such as 4G / 5G. This allows staff to monitor users' electricity consumption and control status in real time at the monitoring center, promptly identify and address anomalies, and improve the efficiency of power grid operation and management and service quality.

[0025] This invention executes load control by issuing tasks to the load control terminal. These tasks have priorities, such as priority levels 1-5 in this embodiment. The load control terminal prioritizes and executes the highest-priority tasks. Furthermore, the load control terminal executes tasks concurrently. Concurrency means that tasks are executed simultaneously. After a high-priority task is completed, a response is awaited, and during the task interval, a lower-priority task is executed. When a high-priority task is received, the system switches back to the high-priority task, and so on. Therefore, the electric heating load control system of this invention can reduce the average response latency to approximately 150ms by setting the priority order of the data acquisition tasks and the concurrency method.

[0026] Regarding the serial port between the load control terminal and the dual-mode module CCO, this invention employs a USB 3.0-supporting hub chip, increasing the USB interface speed to 480Mbps. At this speed, the latency between the load control terminal and the dual-mode module CCO becomes negligible. After adopting a dual-mode communication module between the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter, the communication bandwidth between the load control terminal's CCO and the smart IoT meter's STA (dual-mode carrier module, which acts as a routing function as a CCO in the load control terminal and as a node function as a STA in the smart IoT meter) is significantly improved. Furthermore, by employing dynamic bit loading, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), and time-domain aggregation (where dynamic bit loading increases channel utilization, and OFDM and time-domain aggregation reduce channel preemption and frame interval time, improving communication efficiency), the latency is reduced to less than 20ms. This means the load control module can control electric heating at the second level, ensuring the real-time transmission of control commands from the load control terminal. Regarding the serial ports between the smart IoT meter and the STA (Standard Operating System) and load control module, the communication rate is set to 115200, a 12-fold increase compared to 9600, while reducing latency to 15.56ms. Combined with the high-performance circuit breaker and electric heating load response time of 1100ms, the overall latency of the efficient electric heating load control system based on dual-mode and USB 3.0 can be reduced to less than 1300ms.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, both the load control terminal (supporting USB 3.0) and the smart IoT meter (equipped with a load sensing and control module) are equipped with dual-mode communication modules, and both can complete networking under dual-mode communication conditions. The terminal sends out energy meter files based on HPLC communication and load control device files based on HRF communication. The devices in the files can complete networking communication based on their respective communication methods. The load control terminal has a rapid communication failure identification mechanism, which allows the CCO to change paths and retransmit service messages as early as possible, thereby significantly reducing communication latency when services fail.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, PCO is a relay station. Due to the limited direct communication distance between modules, when the distance is exceeded, information needs to be relayed through an intermediate module, similar to the relay function of a home router. The collision domain refers to the description of switching to the HRF path to achieve real-time control when real-time control cannot be achieved through the HPLC channel. Assume the main path of STA8 in load control is CCO->PCO1->PCO3->STA5. Since STA5 and STA6 are in the same collision domain, STA5 can detect the network management layer messages sent by STA6. By optimizing the beacon protocol format, STA5 can select STA6 as an alternative proxy after detecting STA6's beacon, adding a downlink alternative path CCO->PCO2->STA4->STA5, which is completely different from the main path. When data transmission fails due to noise on the main path, the HRF alternative path can be immediately activated to reduce or even completely eliminate the impact of noise on data transmission and quickly retransmit data packets.

[0029] By adding alternative paths to all nodes, increasing storage resources for CCO and STA, and expanding the alternative path mechanism, PCO2 can identify message transmission failures and send communication failure indication messages to CCO within 15ms. CCO can then immediately activate the alternative path. This reduces the communication failure identification time from 5s to 150ms, a 33-fold reduction, significantly lowering communication latency. The smart IoT meter, STA module, and load control module all use high-speed 115200bps serial communication, enabling high-frequency load acquisition and efficient forwarding of load commands, minimizing the internal conversion latency of the smart IoT meter and ensuring timely and accurate transmission. Finally, the terminal uses the collected electric heating load equipment status data for edge computing, integrating power monitoring, load forecasting, and user behavior data to build a multi-dimensional analysis model, achieving a synergistic improvement in efficiency, stability, and fairness in complex load control systems.

[0030] Implementation methods for controlling electric heating load The electric heating load control method of the present invention includes: setting up corresponding dual-mode communication modules on both the load control terminal side and the smart IoT meter side, wherein the dual-mode communication modules adopt HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication mode; the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter construct a network routing mechanism based on the dual-mode communication modules to realize mutual routing of dual-mode channels, thereby realizing dual-mode communication between the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter.

[0031] The load control terminal is equipped with a dual-mode communication module (CCO), and the smart IoT meter is also equipped with a dual-mode communication module (CCO). One load control terminal can control multiple electric heating loads, meaning one load control terminal communicates with multiple smart IoT meters. The load control terminal and multiple smart IoT meters are networked through the dual-mode communication modules, establishing a network routing mechanism to achieve mutual routing between the dual-mode channels. The dual-mode communication module adopts an HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication method, employing a hybrid solution of two communication technologies. HPLC (High-Speed ​​Power Line Carrier) utilizes existing power lines for data transmission, offering advantages such as high speed and low latency, but is susceptible to power grid noise. HRF (High-Speed ​​Radio Frequency) is flexible in deployment and unaffected by power line quality, but is susceptible to obstruction, distance, and co-channel interference. Therefore, the dual-mode communication module used in this invention leverages the complementary advantages of HPLC and HRF, ensuring communication quality between the load control terminal and the smart IoT meters regardless of the environment.

[0032] To further reduce communication latency and improve communication speed, the serial communication between the load control terminal and the dual-mode communication module on the load control terminal side in this invention adopts a hub chip that supports USB 3.0. The USB 3.0 interface speed will be increased to 480Mbps, and the latency between the load control terminal and the dual-mode communication module on the load control terminal side will be negligible.

[0033] This invention also includes a smart IoT meter and a load control module installed on the electric heating power consumption side. The smart IoT meter measures the electricity consumption of electric heating users. The load control module on the smart IoT meter controls the electric heating load and collects data on its status. Therefore, the load control module on the IoT meter serves two purposes: firstly, it acts as a communication conversion link with the circuit breaker to which the electric heating load belongs, converting the smart IoT meter's control commands (i.e., commands to control the on / off state of the circuit breaker) into commands that the circuit breaker can recognize. The circuit breaker then performs on / off-grid control based on the converted commands. Secondly, it acts as a data acquisition line for electric heating load status (such as voltage, current, temperature, etc.), collecting this data and sending it to the smart IoT meter. The load control module acquires the electric heating load status data via serial communication (such as RS485).

[0034] The load control terminal is used to collect high-frequency data on voltage, current, and power parameters from load devices such as electricity meters, smart meters, and electric heating systems. Equipped with a load edge algorithm, the terminal can model the collected high-frequency monitoring data and output control commands. For example, it can issue a control command to cut off electric heating loads via smart meters, thus achieving precise switching of load control equipment. Alternatively, based on the electric heating status data collected by smart meters and received dispatch control commands, the load control terminal can output control commands for electric heating loads. The smart meters, based on these commands, can then control the circuit breakers of the corresponding electric heating loads to disconnect via the load control module. Furthermore, the load control terminal of this invention also feeds back the load control status to a remote master station system in real time via public networks such as 4G / 5G. This allows staff to monitor user electricity consumption and control status in real time at the monitoring center, promptly identify and address anomalies, and improve the efficiency and quality of power grid operation and management.

[0035] In summary, this invention achieves efficient transmission of load monitoring and control commands to the high-performance circuit breaker by replacing the dual-mode module and optimizing communication latency between the terminal and the dual-mode module, between the smart IoT meter and the dual-mode module, and between the load control terminal, smart IoT meter, dual-mode module (HDC), load control module, and high-performance circuit breaker. By upgrading the serial communication between the terminal and the dual-mode module, and between the smart IoT meter and the dual-mode module and load control module to dual-mode communication using USB 3.0, high-speed power line carrier (HPLC) superimposed with high-speed wireless communication (HRF), the distribution station terminal can achieve high-frequency acquisition and real-time control of newly added electric heating load control equipment without affecting meter reading indicators. This strongly supports the development of services such as electricity consumption information collection, distribution network monitoring, photovoltaic access, and orderly charging of electric vehicles.

Claims

1. A control system for an electric heating load, characterized in that, The system includes a load control terminal and a smart IoT meter. Both the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter are equipped with dual-mode communication modules. The load control terminal and the smart IoT meter communicate with each other through their respective dual-mode communication modules. The dual-mode communication modules adopt an HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication method. The load control terminal and the smart IoT meter construct a network routing mechanism based on the dual-mode communication modules to achieve mutual routing between the dual-mode channels. When the load control terminal cannot achieve real-time control through the HPLC channel, it switches to the HRF path to achieve real-time control.

2. The control system for electric heating load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load control terminal communicates with the dual-mode communication module on the load control terminal side via a serial USB 3.0 port.

3. The control system for electric heating load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The smart IoT meter is equipped with a load control module, which enables the smart IoT meter to control the electric heating load and collect data on the electric heating load status.

4. The control system for electric heating load according to claim 3, characterized in that, The load control module controls the electric heating load and collects data on the electric heating load status via 485 serial communication.

5. The control system for electric heating load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load control terminal is equipped with a 4G / 5G communication module, which is used to feed back the collected electric heating load status and the control of the electric heating load to the main station system via the 4G / 5G communication module.

6. The control system for electric heating load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load control terminal is used to send data collection tasks to the smart IoT meter according to the priority of the data collection tasks. The smart IoT meter realizes the electric heating load status based on the priority of the data collection tasks.

7. The control system for electric heating load according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load control terminal is equipped with an intelligent load acquisition and regulation algorithm, which enables the dual-mode communication module to switch paths as early as possible to retransmit service messages, thereby significantly reducing communication latency when services fail.

8. A method for controlling electric heating load, characterized in that, The method includes: A corresponding dual-mode communication module is set on both the load control terminal side and the smart IoT meter side. The dual-mode communication module adopts the HPLC+HRF dual-mode communication method. The load control terminal and the smart IoT meter are built on a dual-mode communication module to establish a network routing mechanism to enable the dual-mode channels to route to each other. When the load control terminal cannot achieve real-time control through the HPLC channel, it switches to the HRF path to achieve real-time control, thereby realizing dual-mode communication between the load control terminal and the smart IoT meter.

9. The method for controlling electric heating load according to claim 8, characterized in that, The load control terminal communicates with the dual-mode communication module on the load control terminal side via a serial USB 3.0 port.

10. The method for controlling electric heating load according to claim 8, characterized in that, The method also includes setting up a load control module on the smart IoT meter, through which the smart IoT meter controls the electric heating load and collects data on the electric heating load status.

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