Constant volume combustion bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position

Abstract

The invention discloses a constant volume combustion bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position, comprising: a cavity in which a two-dimensional combustion chamber is mounted; a top flange is arranged at the top of the cavity; a fuel injector mounting system is arranged on the top flange and comprises a fuel injector bush mounting block and a fuel injector bush, the fuel injector bush mounting block is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the top flange, and the height of the fuel injector bush mounting block is changed by increasing / decreasing the mounting block between the fuel injector bush mounting block and the upper surface of the top flange; the oil sprayer bushing is of a columnar structure and is rotatably mounted on the surface of the oil sprayer bushing mounting block; the relative angle between the fuel injector bush mounting block and the top flange is changed by rotating the fuel injector bush mounting block; the oil injector is fixedly installed on the oil injector installation system, position, height and angle changes are synchronously carried out along with the oil injector installation system, flexible adjustment of the space position and the injection angle of the oil injector is achieved, and increasingly complex leading edge combustion research requirements can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engine fuel spraying and combustion technology, and in particular to a constant-volume combustion bomb system with fuel injection angle and spatial position. Background Technology

[0002] The processes of fuel spraying, evaporation, mixing, and combustion are the core elements affecting the combustion efficiency and emission characteristics of internal combustion engines. Constant-volume combustion bombs, as key experimental devices for studying these fundamental processes, can simulate the high-temperature, high-pressure environment inside an engine cylinder, while avoiding interference from dynamic mechanical structures such as piston movement and valve opening. This provides an irreplaceable research platform for revealing the physical and chemical nature of fuels under controllable conditions.

[0003] Currently, traditional constant-volume combustion bombs, widely used in scientific research and industry, mostly employ a fixed injection system design. This means the injector is rigidly mounted to a predetermined mounting hole on the bomb body via threads or flanges. Its spatial position (including installation height and location) and injection angle are determined after machining and installation, making flexible adjustments impossible during or between experiments. While this fixed design played a crucial role in the early stages of single-fuel injection research, it is increasingly unable to meet the demands of increasingly complex cutting-edge combustion research. Especially with the development of advanced technologies such as dual-fuel and multi-mode hybrid combustion, its limitations are becoming more pronounced, primarily in the following aspects: First, the research is limited in scope and cannot reveal the influence of injection geometry parameters. The interaction between fuel spray penetration distance, cone angle, and wall impact effect strongly depends on the injector's installation position and injection angle. The fixed design means that an expensive experimental setup can only obtain data under a fixed configuration, making it impossible to systematically study the impact of the two key variables, injector position and angle, on the quality of air-fuel mixture formation and the combustion process, thus greatly limiting the breadth and depth of the research.

[0004] Secondly, it lacks flexibility, and the research costs are high and the cycle is long. If it is necessary to change the spray angle or position to obtain different experimental conditions, the research must be interrupted, the entire injector installation module must be disassembled, and new positioning fixtures or adapters must be redesigned, processed, and installed. This process not only consumes a lot of time and money, but it is also difficult to ensure the concentricity and sealing of the reinstallation, introducing unnecessary experimental errors and seriously reducing research efficiency.

[0005] Third, it is difficult to adapt to the diverse and advanced research needs. Modern combustion science research, such as dual-fuel jet collision mixing, optimization of multiple injection strategies, and comparison of different injection guides (such as wall-guided, airflow-guided, and jet collision-guided), all require injectors to have flexible and variable injection angles and positions. Fixed structures are fundamentally unable to support such research paradigms that require high-frequency and high-precision adjustments, constituting a technical bottleneck that restricts breakthroughs in fundamental combustion research.

[0006] Although some dual-fuel, dual-injector injection modes have been proposed in existing technologies, enabling injection at different angles, such as CN113586301A, which achieves adjustable nozzle angle and relative position, they cannot perform multi-angle injection experiments in a high-temperature, high-pressure, enclosed environment.

[0007] To address this, CN119881195A discloses a dual-fuel constant-volume combustion bomb with adjustable injection angle. The dual-fuel constant-volume combustion bomb is equipped with a spherical injection angle adjustment device, allowing for flexible adjustment of the fuel injection angle by rotating the fuel injector. However, after rotating the injector, its position cannot be adjusted, thus preventing the study of injecting fuel from one injection point to different positions on the combustion chamber wall.

[0008] In summary, the existing fixed injector installation method for constant-volume combustion bombs exhibits inherent shortcomings in advanced combustion research, including insufficient flexibility, poor adjustability, and low research efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a method that enables flexible, precise, and reliable adjustment of the injector's spatial position and injection angle. This would unlock more comprehensive experimental conditions and provide crucial experimental tools for deepening fundamental combustion theory research and accelerating the development of next-generation high-efficiency and clean combustion technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this application proposes a constant-volume combustion bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position. The injector is installed in the top flange through an injector mounting system, which enables flexible adjustment of the injector's spatial position and injection angle, thus meeting the increasingly complex needs of cutting-edge combustion research.

[0010] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position includes: The cavity 1 has multiple sets of viewing windows arranged circumferentially; A two-dimensional combustion chamber is installed inside the cavity, and the two-dimensional combustion chamber is arranged horizontally with the viewing window; The bottom flange connects to the bottom of the cavity; Top flange connected to the top of the cavity; An injector mounting system is provided on the top flange. The injector mounting system includes an injector bushing mounting block and an injector bushing. The injector bushing mounting block is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the top flange to change the relative position of the injector bushing mounting block on the top flange. The relative height of the injector bushing mounting block on the top flange can be changed by adding / removing mounting blocks between the injector bushing mounting block and the upper surface of the top flange. The injector bushing has a columnar structure and is rotatably mounted on the surface of the injector bushing mounting block; the relative angle between the injector bushing mounting block and the top flange can be changed by rotating the injector bushing mounting block. The injector is fixedly installed on the injector mounting system and its position, height, and angle change synchronously with the injector mounting system.

[0011] Furthermore, a movable groove for the injector bushing mounting block is provided on the bottom surface of the top flange, and the injector bushing mounting block is movably installed in the movable groove for changing its position by moving; a bottom center groove for the top flange is provided in the middle position of the movable groove for the injector bushing mounting block for the injector to pass through; and a bottom O-ring groove for the top flange is provided around the bottom center groove of the top flange.

[0012] Furthermore, by adding or removing mounting blocks in the injector bushing mounting block moving slot, the height of the injector can be adjusted to achieve injection at different heights.

[0013] Furthermore, the injector bushing is formed by two semi-cylindrical structures fixedly connected together, namely the first injector bushing and the second injector bushing; the second injector bushing is rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the injector bushing mounting block; the injector passes radially through the first injector bushing, the second injector bushing, the injector bushing mounting block and the top flange in sequence to the cavity 1.

[0014] Furthermore, a center hole for the second injector bushing is radially opened at the center position of the second injector bushing to allow the injector to pass through. A ring-shaped cooling water trough for the second injector bushing is opened around the center hole of the second injector bushing. A cooling water inlet pipe is connected to one side of the cooling water trough and a cooling water outlet pipe is connected to the other side to cool the second injector bushing and the injector connected thereto.

[0015] Furthermore, O-ring grooves are respectively opened on the surface of the second injector bushing around the inner and outer rings of the cooling water tank of the second injector bushing, and O-rings of corresponding sizes are installed for sealing.

[0016] Furthermore, the cooling water inlet pipe is positioned lower than the cooling water outlet pipe.

[0017] Furthermore, a second injector bushing angle scale is provided on the surface of the second injector bushing, and the second injector bushing angle scale is correlated with the injector angle.

[0018] Furthermore, injector bushing pressure blocks are respectively provided at both ends of the first injector bushing. One side of the injector bushing pressure block is arc-shaped and fits against the surface of the first injector bushing, while the other side is flat. An injector mounting system pressure block is provided above the flat surface of the injector bushing pressure block.

[0019] Furthermore, an injector pressure block is fitted around the injector, and the injector pressure block is fixedly connected to the surface of the first injector bushing.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) Structurally, the present invention installs the injector on the top flange through the injector mounting system, and the injector mounting system realizes the horizontal position adjustment through the injector bushing mounting block, and the injector angle is adjusted by adding mounting blocks to change the height of the injector bushing mounting block; in addition, the injector angle is changed by the rotatable injector bushing, thereby enabling simultaneous adjustment of the injector angle and position, realizing the study of fuel injection from one injection starting point to different combustion chamber wall positions.

[0021] (2) The present invention allows for the adjustment of one or more of the injector angle, injector position, and injector height to achieve fuel injection onto the combustion chamber wall at different injection angles, injection positions, and injection heights.

[0022] (3) The present invention innovatively uses a cylindrical injector bushing, which allows it to move only in one direction vector.

[0023] (4) The present invention uses a limiting groove to make the position of the injector adjustable.

[0024] (5) The present invention uses the method of adding mounting blocks to make the injector height adjustable.

[0025] (6) The present invention uses a scale to obtain the rotation angle of the injector in real time.

[0026] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the constant-volume incendiary bomb system described in this invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the injector mounting system described in this invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the injector installation system of the present invention, which removes the pressure block.

[0029] Figure 4 The injector structure diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the injector pressure block according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the injector pressure block according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the injector bushing pressure block according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of the top of the injector bushing according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 9 This is a structural diagram of the bottom of the injector bushing according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the injector bushing described in this invention.

[0036] Figure 11 This is a half-sectional view of the injector bushing described in this invention.

[0037] Figure 12 This is a top structural diagram of the injector bushing mounting block according to the present invention.

[0038] Figure 13 This is a bottom structural diagram of the injector bushing mounting block according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of the top flange described in this invention.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-Cavity; 2-Bottom flange; 3-Viewing window; 4-Top flange; 5-Two-dimensional combustion chamber; 6-Injector mounting system; 7-Injector; 8-First injector clamping block; 9-Second injector clamping block; 10-Injector bushing clamping block; 11-First injector bushing; 12-Second injector bushing; 13-Cooling water inlet pipe; 14-Cooling water outlet pipe; 15-Injector mounting system clamping block; 16-Injector bushing mounting block; 17-Injector mounting groove; 18-Center hole of the first injector clamping block; 19-Round holes on both sides of the first injector clamping block; 20-Second injector clamping block groove; 21-Sunk holes around the top of the first injector bushing; 22-First injector... 23-Threaded holes on both sides of the top of the injector bushing; 24-Center hole of the first injector bushing; 25-Angle scale of the second injector bushing; 26-Threaded holes around the top of the second injector bushing; 27-Outer groove of the O-ring at the top of the second injector bushing; 28-Cooling water groove of the second injector bushing; 29-Center hole of the second injector bushing; 30-Side groove of the injector bushing mounting block; 31-Center cylindrical groove of the injector bushing mounting block; 32-Center transverse groove of the injector bushing mounting block; 33-Sunk groove of the cooling water inlet pipe; 34-Center groove at the bottom of the top flange; 35-O-ring groove at the bottom of the top flange; 36-Moving groove of the injector bushing mounting block. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0042] Combined with appendix Figures 1 to 14 A constant-volume combustion bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position includes: a cavity 1, a bottom flange 2, a top flange 4, a two-dimensional combustion chamber 5, an injector mounting system 6, and an injector 7.

[0043] In this embodiment, the cavity 1 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and the two-dimensional combustion chamber 5 is installed inside it. Multiple sets of viewing windows 3 are opened around the cavity 1, with each set of windows 3 arranged in pairs opposite each other, and the windows 3 are parallel to the two-dimensional combustion chamber 5. The appropriate viewing windows 3 are used to observe the two-dimensional combustion chamber 5 according to experimental needs, thereby studying the atomization, evaporation, and combustion process of the fuel spray. The observation diameter of the viewing windows 3 can reach 120 mm.

[0044] The bottom of cavity 1 is connected to bottom flange 2 by fasteners (such as bolts and nuts) to seal the bottom of cavity 1.

[0045] The top of cavity 1 is connected to top flange 4 via fasteners. The structure of top flange 4 is as follows: Figure 14 As shown. The top flange 4 is a recessed cylindrical structure. A radially extending injector bushing mounting block moving groove 36 is formed on the bottom surface of the cylindrical structure of the top flange 4. A bottom center groove 34, which is a through hole, is formed in the middle of the injector bushing mounting block moving groove 36. A bottom O-ring groove 35 is provided around the bottom center groove 34. A cooling water inlet pipe recessed groove 33 is provided parallel to the injector bushing mounting block moving groove 36, and the cooling water inlet pipe recessed groove 33 is slightly higher than the injector bushing mounting block moving groove 36.

[0046] The injector 7 is mounted on the top flange 4 via the injector mounting system 6. The injector mounting system 6 allows for changes in the horizontal position, vertical height, and rotation angle of the injector 7, thus enabling injection at different angles and heights from the same location. Combined with... Figure 2-13 The specific structure of the injector mounting system 6 is described below. The injector mounting system 6 includes an injector bushing mounting block 16 and injector bushings (11, 12) that are rotatably mounted on the injector bushing mounting block 16.

[0047] The injector bushing mounting block 16 is movable within the injector bushing mounting block moving groove 36 during installation. The horizontal position of the injector 7 is changed by moving the injector bushing mounting block 16 within the moving groove 36. As shown in the figure, a concave central cylindrical groove 31 is formed on the upper surface of the injector bushing mounting block 16, and a central transverse groove 32 is formed at the center of the central cylindrical groove 31.

[0048] The injector bushing is rotatably installed in the central cylindrical groove 31 of the injector bushing mounting block. The injector bushing consists of a first injector bushing 11 and a second injector bushing 12. The second injector bushing 12 has a semi-cylindrical structure with a radially formed central hole 28 at its center. A ring-shaped cooling water tank 27 is formed around the central hole 28. One side of the cooling water tank 27 is connected to a cooling water inlet pipe 13, and the other side is connected to a cooling water outlet pipe 14. Cooling water is introduced into the cooling water tank 27 through the cooling water inlet pipe 13 to cool the second injector bushing 12 and the connected injector 7, preventing high temperature damage to the internal components of the injector 7. After cooling, the water is discharged through the cooling water outlet pipe 14. To prevent coolant overflow from causing a short circuit and reducing cooling efficiency, thus damaging the injector 7, an inner groove 29 for the top O-ring of the second injector bushing 2 and an outer groove 26 for the top O-ring of the second injector bushing 2 are respectively opened on the surface of the second injector bushing 12, surrounding the inner and outer rings of the cooling water groove 27 of the second injector bushing, and O-rings of corresponding sizes are installed to achieve a seal.

[0049] The first injector bushing 11 has a semi-cylindrical structure similar to the second injector bushing 12. A central hole 23 is formed on the first injector bushing 11, corresponding to the central hole 28 of the second injector bushing 12. Four recessed holes 21 are also formed on the surface of the first injector bushing 11 around its top. These recessed holes 21 correspond to the threaded holes 25 around the top of the second injector bushing 12. They are fixedly connected by fasteners to form a complete cylinder, allowing the injector 7 to roll in the central cylindrical groove 31 of the injector bushing mounting block, thus achieving adjustable angle.

[0050] More preferably, in order to ensure the cooling effect, in this embodiment, the position of the cooling water inlet pipe 13 is lower than that of the cooling water outlet pipe 14. Furthermore, in order to cooperate with this optimized design, a recessed side groove 30 of the injector bushing mounting block is opened on one side of the central cylindrical groove 31 of the injector bushing mounting block to match the position of the cooling water inlet pipe 13.

[0051] More preferably, in order to facilitate precise angle adjustment of the injector 7, a second injector bushing angle scale 24 is provided on the surface of the second injector bushing 12. The second injector bushing angle scale 24 is correlated with the angle of the injector 7. The rotation angle is obtained by reading the change of the second injector bushing angle scale 24. One small scale in the second injector bushing angle scale 24 represents 1°.

[0052] Combination Figure 4The injector 7 passes through the center hole 23 of the first injector bushing, the center hole 28 of the second injector bushing, the center transverse groove 32 of the injector bushing mounting block, and the bottom center groove 34 of the top flange, and faces the two-dimensional combustion chamber 5. The injected fuel enters the cavity 1 and impacts the wall of the two-dimensional combustion chamber 5, thereby enabling the study of the atomization, evaporation and combustion process of the fuel spray.

[0053] To achieve a fixed connection between the injector 7 and the first injector bushing 11, an injector mounting groove 17 is formed on the outer surface of the injector 7 rod. A first injector clamping block 8 and a second injector clamping block 9 are provided in the injector mounting groove 17, with the first injector clamping block 8 on top and the second injector clamping block 9 on the bottom. A center hole 18 is formed in the center of the first injector clamping block 8, and two side holes 19 are formed on both sides of the center hole 18. A groove 20 is formed in the second injector clamping block 9. The injector 7 passes through the center hole 18 of the first injector clamping block, and the second injector clamping block 9 is secured to the outside of the injector 7 through the groove 20. Bolts are connected to the second injector clamping block groove 20 on the first injector bushing 11 through the two side holes 19 of the first injector clamping block, thus achieving a fixed connection between the injector 7 and the first injector bushing 11.

[0054] Subsequently, injector bushing clamping blocks 10 are respectively installed at both ends of the first injector bushing 11. One side of the injector bushing clamping block 10 is arc-shaped and fits against the surface of the first injector bushing 11, while the other side is flat. An injector mounting system clamping block 15 is installed above the flat surface of the injector bushing clamping block 10, and the first injector bushing 11 and the second injector bushing 12 are fixed to the top flange 4 by the injector mounting system clamping block 15. When the first injector bushing 11 rotates, the surface of the first injector bushing 11 still fits against the arc below the injector bushing clamping block 10, thereby enabling the injector to rotate at an angle.

[0055] In this embodiment, the angle of the injector 7 in the figure is 30°, and the injector 7 can be adjusted to a left and right angle of 45°.

[0056] In this embodiment, the position of the injector 7 in the figure is 15 mm relative to the top flange 4, and the injector 7 can be adjusted left and right by 15 mm.

[0057] In this embodiment, the injector mounting system pressure block 15, the first injector pressure block 8, the second injector pressure block 9, and the injector bushing pressure block 10 are subjected to a quenching process to enhance their strength.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the design concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes or modifications made based on the principles and design ideas disclosed in the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position, characterized in that, include: Cavity (1), wherein multiple sets of viewing windows (3) are arranged circumferentially in cavity (1); A two-dimensional combustion chamber (5) is set inside the cavity (1), and the two-dimensional combustion chamber (5) and the viewing window (3) are arranged horizontally; Bottom flange (2) connected to the bottom of cavity (1); Top flange (4) connected to the top of cavity (1); An injector mounting system (6) is provided on the top flange (4). The injector mounting system (6) includes an injector bushing mounting block (16) and injector bushings (11, 12). The injector bushing mounting block (16) is slidably mounted on the upper surface of the top flange (4) to change the relative position of the injector bushing mounting block (16) on the top flange (4). The relative height of the injector bushing mounting block (16) on the top flange (4) can be changed by adding / removing mounting blocks; The injector bushings (11, 12) are columnar structures and can be rotatably mounted on the surface of the injector bushing mounting block (16); the relative angle between the injector bushing mounting block (16) and the top flange (4) can be changed by rotating the injector bushing mounting block (16). The injector (7) is fixedly installed on the injector mounting system (6) and its position, height and angle change synchronously with the injector mounting system (6).

2. The constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position according to claim 1, characterized in that, A moving groove (36) for injector bushing mounting block is opened on the bottom surface of the top flange (4). The injector bushing mounting block (16) is movably installed in the moving groove (36) and its position is changed by moving. A bottom center groove (34) for the top flange is opened at the middle position of the moving groove (36) for the injector (7) to pass through. A bottom O-ring groove (35) for the top flange is provided around the bottom center groove (34).

3. A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position according to claim 2, characterized in that, The height of the injector (7) can be adjusted by adding or removing the mounting block in the injector bushing mounting block moving groove (36) to achieve different injection heights.

4. A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position according to claim 2, characterized in that, The injector bushing is formed by two semi-cylindrical structures fixedly connected together, namely the first injector bushing (11) and the second injector bushing (12); the second injector bushing (12) is rotatably mounted on the upper surface of the injector bushing mounting block (16); the injector (7) passes radially through the first injector bushing (11), the second injector bushing (12), the injector bushing mounting block (16) and the top flange (4) to the cavity (1).

5. A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second injector bushing (12) has a radially arranged center hole (28) for the injector (7) to pass through. A ring-shaped cooling water tank (27) is formed around the center hole (28) of the second injector bushing. One side of the cooling water tank (27) is connected to a cooling water inlet pipe (13), and the other side is connected to a cooling water outlet pipe (14) to cool the second injector bushing (12) and the injector (7) connected thereto.

6. A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position according to claim 5, characterized in that, O-ring grooves are opened on the surface of the second injector bushing (12) around the inner and outer rings of the cooling water tank (27) of the second injector bushing, and O-rings of corresponding size are installed for sealing.

7. A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position according to claim 5, characterized in that, The position of the cooling water inlet pipe (13) is lower than that of the cooling water outlet pipe (14).

8. A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position according to claim 4, characterized in that, A second injector bushing angle scale (24) is set on the surface of the second injector bushing (12), and the second injector bushing angle scale (24) is matched with the angle of the injector (7).

9. A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position according to claim 4, characterized in that, Injector bushing pressure blocks (10) are respectively provided at both ends of the first injector bushing (11). One side of the injector bushing pressure block (10) is arc-shaped and fits the surface of the first injector bushing (11), while the other side is flat. An injector installation system pressure block (15) is provided above the flat surface of the injector bushing pressure block (10).

10. A constant-volume incendiary bomb system with variable fuel injection angle and spatial position according to claim 4, characterized in that, The injector (7) is fitted with an injector pressure block, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the first injector bushing (11).

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