Low-delay coaxial cable for high-speed transmission of data center

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cables, and particularly relates to a low-delay coaxial cable for high-speed transmission of a data center. The cable is sequentially provided with an inner conductor, a gradient insulation layer, a magnetic conductive layer, an outer conductor, a shielding layer, a buffer isolation layer and a sheath layer from inside to outside. The inner conductor adopts a high-purity oxygen-free copper core and stranded copper wire structure, and the surface of the inner conductor is plated with silver to improve the conductivity; the gradient insulating layer is composed of a nano-particle modified polytetrafluoroethylene inner insulating layer and a low-dielectric-constant composite material outer insulating layer; the magnetic conductive layer is formed by spirally winding a high-magnetic-conductivity nanocrystalline alloy belt, so that the magnetic field distribution is optimized; the outer conductor is of a double-layer structure woven by a tinned copper strip and a silver-plated copper wire, and is matched with an aluminum-plastic composite shielding layer, so that the shielding effect is excellent; the buffer isolation layer contains hollow microbubbles, and the sheath layer is made of a low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant material and has both buffer protection and environmental adaptability. The cable solves the problems of high delay, large loss, weak interference resistance and the like of a traditional product, and meets the high-speed and high-reliability transmission requirements of a data center.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of cable technology, and in particular relates to low-latency coaxial cables for high-speed transmission in data centers. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid iteration of next-generation information technologies such as 5G communication, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence, data centers, as the core infrastructure of the digital economy, are experiencing exponential growth in data transmission volume, placing stringent demands on the speed, latency, stability, and anti-interference capabilities of transmission links. Coaxial cables, due to their advantages such as compact structure, large bandwidth capacity, and good impedance matching, have long been the key medium for interconnecting devices and transmitting signals within data centers, and are widely used in core scenarios such as server and switch interconnection, storage device cluster communication, and high-frequency signal transmission.

[0003] However, in high-speed data center transmission scenarios, traditional coaxial cables are gradually revealing numerous technical bottlenecks. On the one hand, latency control has become a core pain point: existing coaxial cables mostly use a single insulating material, whose dielectric constant is generally high, resulting in limited signal propagation speed and difficulty in meeting the low-latency transmission requirements of data centers. Especially in high-frequency signal transmission, latency accumulation will seriously affect data processing efficiency. On the other hand, signal loss and insufficient anti-interference capabilities are prominent issues: traditional inner conductors mostly use ordinary copper or a single structural design, with low conductivity and significant signal attenuation; the shielding layer is mostly a single-layer braided or wrapped structure, with limited shielding effect against external electromagnetic interference. Moreover, the dense concentration of servers, switches, and other equipment inside data centers creates a complex electromagnetic environment, which easily leads to signal crosstalk and reduces transmission reliability.

[0004] Meanwhile, existing coaxial cables have room for structural design optimization: some products lack a dedicated magnetic conductive layer or the magnetic permeability of the magnetic conductive material is insufficient, which cannot effectively optimize the magnetic field distribution of the transmission link and further aggravates signal attenuation; the fit between the insulation layer and the conductor, as well as between the functional layers, is poor, which can easily create gaps and cause signal reflection; in addition, data center environments have high requirements for the temperature range, corrosion resistance, and mechanical stability of cables. The insulation material of traditional cables has a narrow temperature range, the magnetic conductive layer is prone to oxidation and corrosion, and the buffer structure design is unreasonable. In long-term use, the service life is easily affected by environmental changes or mechanical wear.

[0005] In summary, existing coaxial cables are no longer able to meet the high-speed, high-density, and high-reliability transmission requirements of data centers in terms of low-latency transmission, anti-interference capability, structural stability, and environmental adaptability. Developing a new type of coaxial cable that combines low latency, high conductivity, strong shielding, wide temperature range, and long lifespan has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the current cable technology field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed transmission in data centers, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional coaxial cables in high-speed data center transmission. Specifically, it addresses the low-latency bottleneck by reducing the dielectric constant through a gradient insulation layer; optimizes the inner conductor and combines it with a double-layer outer conductor and shielding layer to reduce signal loss and interference; incorporates a high-permeability magnetically conductive layer with tight interlayer bonding to optimize structural stability; and uses wide-temperature materials, a corrosion-resistant coating on the magnetically conductive layer, and a buffer layer to improve environmental adaptability and meet the transmission requirements of data centers.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed transmission in data centers comprises an inner conductor at the center of the cable, an outer conductor covered by a gradient insulation layer, a magnetically conductive layer, and a shielding layer. The shielding layer is further encased in a buffer isolation layer, and the buffer isolation layer is then covered by a sheath. The cable employs a multi-layered collaborative structure of "core transmission - insulation delay control - magnetic field optimization - electromagnetic shielding - mechanical protection." The inner conductor serves as the core of signal transmission, the gradient insulation layer reduces signal propagation delay through dielectric property regulation, the magnetically conductive layer mitigates stray magnetic fields, the outer conductor and shielding layer form a full-band anti-interference barrier, and the buffer isolation layer and sheath ensure structural stability and environmental adaptability. This design addresses the core pain points of traditional coaxial cables, such as high latency, weak anti-interference, and structural fragility. The complementary functions of each layer achieve an integrated effect of low-latency transmission, strong anti-interference, and long lifespan, making it suitable for high-density, high-reliability scenarios such as data center server interconnection and high-frequency signal transmission.

[0008] The inner conductor comprises a solid oxygen-free copper core and stranded oxygen-free copper wires surrounding the solid oxygen-free copper core; the solid oxygen-free copper core has a purity ≥99.99%, a diameter of 1.2 mm, an oxygen content of less than 0.003%, and a conductivity of 101% IACS; the stranded oxygen-free copper wires consist of 7 strands, each with a diameter of 0.4 mm and a stranding pitch of 8-10 mm; high-purity (≥99.99%) oxygen-free copper reduces conductivity loss caused by impurities, and an oxygen content <0.003% prevents oxidation and deterioration of the copper core; 101% IACS... The conductivity of CS is close to the theoretical limit of pure copper, ensuring low signal attenuation transmission; the seven stranded copper wires adopt an 8-10mm pitch, which improves the conductor flexibility through the stranded structure (avoiding the problem of easy breakage of a single solid copper core), and reduces impedance fluctuations in signal transmission through pitch control; it balances "high conductivity efficiency" and "good flexibility", the solid copper core ensures the core transmission stability, and the stranded copper wires are suitable for the complex cabling environment of data centers (such as bending and dragging), while the low oxygen characteristics extend the conductor's service life and avoid conductivity degradation caused by oxidation.

[0009] The outer surface of the inner conductor is coated with a silver layer with a thickness of 0.01 mm and a conductivity of 106% IACS. Silver has a higher conductivity than copper, and there is a "skin effect" (current concentrates on the conductor surface) in high-frequency signal transmission. The 0.01 mm silver coating precisely covers the current concentration area, which can directly reduce surface transmission loss. At the same time, the silver coating isolates the copper core from air contact, preventing oxidation of the copper core surface. For GHz-level high-frequency transmission scenarios in data centers, it effectively reduces signal attenuation caused by the skin effect and improves transmission efficiency. The oxidation resistance of the silver coating further extends the service life of the inner conductor and avoids the increase in signal loss caused by surface oxidation of traditional copper conductors after long-term use.

[0010] The gradient insulation layer comprises an inner insulation layer and an outer insulation layer; the inner insulation layer directly covers the outer layer of the inner conductor, has a thickness of 0.8 mm, is made of nanoparticle-modified polytetrafluoroethylene, has a dielectric constant of 1.8-2.0 at room temperature (25℃) and 1 GHz frequency, a temperature resistance range of -60℃ to 200℃, and an insulation resistance ≥10 Ω·cm. 14 The outer insulation layer, 0.5 mm thick, covers the outer layer of the inner insulation layer. It is a composite material of low-dielectric-constant polyethylene and hollow glass microspheres, with a dielectric constant of 2.1-2.2. The overall outer diameter of the gradient insulation layer is 4.2 mm, and the inner and outer insulation layers are tightly bonded without gaps. The signal propagation speed in the insulating medium is inversely proportional to the square root of the dielectric constant. The inner insulation layer (1.8-2.0) employs a low-dielectric design to maximize signal propagation speed and reduce delay. The outer insulation layer (2.1-2.2) has a slightly higher dielectric constant to improve mechanical strength (avoiding structural deformation caused by an overly soft inner insulation layer). The nano-modified polytetrafluoroethylene has a wide temperature range (-60~200℃) and high insulation resistance (≥10 Ω·cm). 14 (Ω·cm), adaptable to temperature fluctuations and high insulation requirements in data center computer rooms; hollow glass microspheres reduce the dielectric constant of polyethylene while reducing weight; gapless interlayer avoids uneven dielectric constant caused by air gaps, reducing signal reflection; achieving low latency + wide temperature adaptability + high insulation reliability, the inner insulation layer ensures the lowest core transmission latency, and the outer insulation layer provides mechanical support. The overall structure avoids the contradiction of high latency or poor strength in traditional single insulation layers, while the lightweight design reduces cabling load.

[0011] The magnetic permeable layer is an outer layer of the gradient insulating layer, and is made of nanocrystalline alloy ribbon. The nanocrystalline alloy ribbon consists of Fe, Si, B, Cu, and Nb, has a thickness of 0.02 mm, and is spirally wound with a winding overlap rate of 30%. The initial permeability of the nanocrystalline alloy ribbon at a frequency of 1 kHz is 10. 4 -10 5 The saturation magnetic induction intensity is 1.2T; the Fe-Si-B-Cu-Nb nanocrystalline alloy has a high initial magnetic permeability (10).4 -10 5 It can efficiently absorb and guide stray magnetic fields generated during transmission, reducing crosstalk to signals caused by magnetic field interference; the 30% overlap spiral winding ensures full coverage of the magnetic layer without magnetic leakage, and the 0.02mm thickness ensures magnetic performance while avoiding excessive cable diameter; the 1.2T saturation magnetic induction intensity ensures no failure in strong magnetic field environments (dense areas of data center equipment); it actively optimizes the magnetic field distribution of the transmission link, reducing signal distortion caused by stray magnetic fields, and improves the resistance to magnetic field interference by more than 30% compared to traditional cables without a magnetic layer; the thin design does not affect the cable compactness and is suitable for the high-density cabling space requirements of data centers.

[0012] The outer conductor comprises an inner outer conductor and an outer outer conductor. The inner outer conductor covers the outer layer of the magnetic conductive layer and is made of tin-plated oxygen-free copper strip with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a tin plating layer thickness of 0.005 mm. The outer outer conductor covers the outer layer of the inner outer conductor and is a silver-plated oxygen-free copper wire braided structure with 48 silver-plated oxygen-free copper wires, each with a diameter of 0.12 mm, a braiding density of ≥95%, and a braiding pitch of 10-12 mm. The inner tin-plated copper strip serves as a "rigid shielding layer" to block low-frequency electromagnetic interference (such as equipment power supply noise), and has a 0.005 mm tin plating. The first layer prevents copper strip oxidation; the outer layer consists of 48 silver-plated copper wires braided (density ≥95%) to form a "flexible shielding layer." The high braiding density blocks high-frequency radiation interference (such as wireless signals and high-frequency noise from equipment), and the 10-12mm braiding pitch balances shielding integrity and conductor flexibility. The silver plating improves the conductivity of the shielding layer and reduces shielding losses. It constructs a full-band anti-interference barrier, adapting to the complex electromagnetic environment of data centers (where servers, switches, and other equipment are densely packed, and high and low frequency interference coexists). The double-layer structure combines rigid support with flexible installation, and the tin-plated and silver-plated layers enhance corrosion resistance.

[0013] The shielding layer, covering the outer layer of the outer conductor, is made of aluminum-plastic composite tape with an overall thickness of 0.03mm. It includes a 0.01mm thick aluminum layer and a 0.02mm thick PET base layer. The layers are overlapped and wrapped with the aluminum side facing inward and the PET side facing outward, with an overlap rate of ≥50% and a wrapping tension of 3-5N. The aluminum layer (high conductivity) further enhances the electromagnetic shielding effect, especially the ability to block high-frequency radiation interference. The PET base layer (high mechanical strength) protects the aluminum layer from scratches and wear. The aluminum side facing inward ensures good conductive contact with the outer conductor. The ≥50% overlap rate avoids shielding gaps, and the 3-5N wrapping tension ensures tight adhesion between the layers.

[0014] The buffer layer is made of modified EVA, with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm and a Shore hardness of 45-55 A. Hollow microbubbles are uniformly distributed within the buffer layer, with a microbubble density of 500-800 bubbles / cm³. Modified EVA possesses excellent elasticity (Shore 45-55 A), capable of absorbing external mechanical impacts (such as pulling and squeezing during wiring), protecting vulnerable structures such as the internal magnetic layer and outer conductor. The hollow microbubbles (500-800 bubbles / cm³) further enhance its resilience. 3 It reduces the density of the buffer layer (lightweighting) and absorbs vibration through the microbubble structure (reducing the impact of equipment vibration on the internal structure of the cable); the 0.2-0.3mm thickness balances the buffering effect with the cable compactness; it avoids the shielding failure and insulation damage problems caused by mechanical damage in traditional cables; the lightweight design reduces the load during wiring, while the modified EVA has strong aging resistance, extending the structural stability of the cable in long-term use.

[0015] The sheath layer is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin with a thickness of 1.0mm, an oxygen index ≥32%, a temperature range of -40℃ to 105℃, and a Shore hardness of 85A. The low-smoke halogen-free material does not release toxic gases or dense smoke during combustion, meeting data center fire safety requirements (avoiding secondary damage in case of fire). The oxygen index ≥32% ensures flame-retardant performance (not easily combustible, preventing flame spread). The -40℃ to 105℃ temperature range adapts to the temperature fluctuations in data center computer rooms (low-temperature startup in winter, high-temperature heat dissipation in summer). The Shore hardness of 85A provides good abrasion resistance and tear resistance, protecting the cable from external wear. It meets the triple requirements of data center "fire safety + wide temperature adaptability + mechanical abrasion resistance." Compared to traditional PVC sheaths, the low-smoke halogen-free characteristics are safer, the wide temperature range adapts to different regional computer room environments, and the high hardness design extends the cable's service life in scenarios involving frequent cabling and equipment movement.

[0016] The surface of the nanocrystalline alloy strip of the magnetic conductive layer is coated with a corrosion-resistant coating. The corrosion-resistant coating is made of polyimide and has a thickness of 0.002-0.003 mm. The coating and the nanocrystalline alloy strip are tightly bonded together by a silane coupling agent. The spiral winding direction of the magnetic conductive layer is opposite to the braiding direction of the outer conductor, and the winding pitch of the magnetic conductive layer is 1.5 times the braiding pitch of the outer conductor. The polyimide coating (high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance) can prevent the nanocrystalline alloy strip from oxidizing in humid and high-temperature environments (avoiding a decrease in magnetic properties). The silane coupling agent enhances the adhesion between the coating and the alloy strip (avoiding coating peeling off). The opposite winding direction and 1.5 times the pitch design can reduce signal loss caused by magnetic field superposition while ensuring impedance matching.

[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This cable features an innovative gradient insulation design. The inner insulation layer uses nanoparticle-modified polytetrafluoroethylene, while the outer insulation layer uses a low-dielectric-constant polyethylene-hollow glass microsphere composite material, maximizing the reduction of signal propagation resistance in the insulating medium. Compared to traditional cables with a single high-dielectric insulation layer, this cable can reduce signal latency by more than 20% in 10GHz high-frequency transmission scenarios. This effectively addresses the core pain point of "latency accumulation affecting data processing efficiency" in high-density interconnects in data centers, meeting the low-latency transmission requirements between servers, switches, and storage device clusters.

[0018] The inner conductor employs a composite structure of "high-purity solid oxygen-free copper core + stranded oxygen-free copper wire." The solid copper core boasts a purity ≥99.99%, oxygen content <0.003%, and conductivity of 101% IACS, reducing conductive losses caused by impurities and oxidation. A 0.01mm silver plating layer on the outer surface utilizes the "skin effect," further reducing surface transmission losses with a high conductivity of 106% IACS. Simultaneously, the magnetic layer uses a nanocrystalline alloy strip with high initial permeability, effectively guiding stray magnetic fields during transmission and preventing signal distortion caused by magnetic field interference. Overall, this cable reduces signal attenuation by 15%-25% compared to traditional cables within the 500MHz-20GHz frequency band, ensuring stable waveforms even after long-distance transmission of high-frequency signals and improving data transmission accuracy.

[0019] The cable employs a multi-layered anti-interference system consisting of a double-layered outer conductor and a shielding layer. The inner conductor is made of tin-plated oxygen-free copper strip, while the outer conductor is a braided structure of 48 silver-plated oxygen-free copper wires. Combined with an aluminum-plastic composite shielding layer, this forms a full-frequency electromagnetic barrier from low to high frequencies. Furthermore, the magnetically conductive layer absorbs and guides stray magnetic fields, further reducing crosstalk to signals. In data center environments with dense equipment and complex electromagnetic conditions, this cable offers over 30% better anti-interference capabilities than traditional single-layer shielded cables, effectively preventing transmission errors caused by signal crosstalk and ensuring reliable data transmission.

[0020] Each functional layer is made of temperature- and corrosion-resistant materials. The temperature resistance range of the inner insulation layer in the gradient insulation layer is -60℃ to 200℃, which can adapt to the temperature fluctuations of data centers during low-temperature winter startup and high-temperature equipment heat dissipation in summer. The surface of the nanocrystalline alloy strip in the magnetic conductive layer is coated with a polyimide corrosion-resistant coating, which can isolate the alloy strip from oxidation and corrosion in humid and high-temperature environments, extending the service life of the magnetic conductive layer by more than 50%. The sheath layer is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin, which not only meets the fire safety requirements of data centers, but also resists environmental aging during long-term use. Compared with traditional cables, this cable has significantly improved stability in extreme temperatures and harsh environments, and its service life can be extended to 8-10 years, reducing the replacement and maintenance costs of data center cables. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1This is a structural diagram of the low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed data transmission proposed in this invention.

[0022] Legend: 1. Inner conductor; 2. Gradient insulation layer; 21. Inner insulation layer; 22. Outer insulation layer; 3. Magnetic conductive layer; 4. Outer conductor; 41. Inner outer conductor; 42. Outer outer conductor; 5. Shielding layer; 6. Buffer isolation layer; 7. Sheath layer. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] This low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed data center transmission, including the inner conductor 1 at the center of the cable, employs an innovative composite design. It consists of a solid oxygen-free copper core with a diameter of 1.2 mm and a purity ≥99.99%, surrounded by seven stranded oxygen-free copper wires with a diameter of 0.4 mm. This structure combines excellent mechanical flexibility with stable electrical performance. The high-purity oxygen-free copper core (101% IACS conductivity) ensures minimal DC resistance, laying the foundation for low-loss transmission. To further optimize high-frequency performance, the outer surface of the inner conductor 1 is coated with a 0.01 mm thick silver layer. This cleverly utilizes the "skin effect" of high-frequency signals, allowing current to concentrate on the surface of the silver layer, which has a higher conductivity (106% IACS), thereby significantly reducing high-frequency resistance and losses.

[0025] A gradient insulation layer 2 covers the inner conductor 1, which is crucial for achieving stable characteristic impedance and low delay. It consists of an inner insulation layer 21 and an outer insulation layer 22. The inner insulation layer 21, 0.8 mm thick, directly covers the inner conductor and is made of nanoparticle-modified polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). It has a dielectric constant as low as 1.8-2.0 at 25°C and 1 GHz, a temperature range of -60°C to 200°C, and an insulation resistance ≥10 Ω·cm. 14 The dielectric constant (Ω·cm) effectively confines signal energy within a low-loss medium. The outer insulating layer 22 is 0.5mm thick and made of a composite material of low-dielectric-constant polyethylene and hollow glass microspheres, with a dielectric constant controlled between 2.1 and 2.2. This gradient design of the dielectric constant from the inside out achieves a smooth transition of electric field energy, effectively avoiding impedance abrupt changes and ensuring a high degree of consistency in characteristic impedance along the signal transmission path. The overall outer diameter of the gradient insulating layer 2 is 4.2mm, and the inner and outer layers are tightly bonded without gaps.

[0026] A magnetically conductive layer 3 is wrapped around the gradient insulating layer 2. This layer is made of a nanocrystalline alloy ribbon containing Fe, Si, B, Cu, and Nb, with a thickness of 0.02 mm. It is spirally wound with an overlap rate of 30%. Its core function is to utilize the extremely high initial permeability of the nanocrystalline material (10⁻⁶ Ω·cm at 1 kHz). 4 -10 5 This absorbs and dissipates electromagnetic interference such as high-frequency common-mode noise, significantly improving signal purity. To protect its magnetic properties, the surface of the nanocrystalline alloy strip is also coated with a corrosion-resistant polyimide layer, 0.002-0.003 mm thick, which is tightly bonded to the alloy strip using a silane coupling agent. The spiral winding direction of the magnetic conductive layer 3 is opposite to the braiding direction of the outer conductor 42, and its winding pitch is 1.5 times that of the braiding pitch of the outer conductor 42. This cross structure effectively breaks the impedance fluctuations caused by the periodic structure, further stabilizing signal quality.

[0027] The magnetic conductive layer 3 is surrounded by an outer conductor 4, employing a dual structure for shielding and return current. The inner outer conductor 41 is made of 0.1mm thick tin-plated oxygen-free copper strip (0.005mm thick tin plating), providing near 100% coverage and forming the first electromagnetic barrier. The outer outer conductor 42 is a high-density silver-plated oxygen-free copper wire braided structure, using 48 copper wires with a diameter of 0.12mm, a braiding density of ≥95%, and a braiding pitch of 10-12mm. This silver-plated braided layer not only provides excellent flexibility and mechanical protection, but more importantly, it establishes a low-impedance path for high-frequency return current, forming a highly efficient electromagnetic isolation system together with the inner copper strip.

[0028] The outer conductor 4 is covered by a shielding layer 5, made of aluminum-plastic composite tape, with an overall thickness of 0.03mm (including a 0.01mm aluminum layer and a 0.02mm PET base layer). It is wrapped with the aluminum side facing inwards and the PET side facing outwards, with an overlap rate ≥50% and a wrapping tension controlled at 3-5N. This layer, as the third layer of shielding, primarily enhances the suppression of high-frequency electric field interference, and together with the outer conductor, elevates the overall shielding effectiveness to a high level.

[0029] Beyond the shielding layer 5, a buffer isolation layer 6 is formed, made of modified EVA with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm and a Shore hardness of 45-55A. Its interior contains uniformly distributed hollow microbubbles with a density of 500-800 per cm³. This layer structure constitutes an effective stress buffer system. When the cable is subjected to external compression, bending, or vibration, it absorbs and disperses mechanical stress, preventing deformation of the internal precision conductor structure and thus ensuring long-term stable signal transmission.

[0030] The outermost layer is sheath layer 7, made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin with a thickness of 1.0mm. This sheath has a high oxygen index (≥32%) and a wide temperature range (-40℃~105℃), with a Shore hardness of 85A, ensuring that the cable has excellent flame-retardant safety, low-smoke and non-toxic properties, and excellent abrasion resistance and crush resistance physical protection in harsh environments.

[0031] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed transmission in data centers, comprising an inner conductor (1) at the center of the cable, characterized in that: The inner conductor (1) is covered with a gradient insulation layer (2), the gradient insulation layer (2) is covered with a magnetic conductive layer (3), the magnetic conductive layer (3) is covered with an outer conductor (4), the outer conductor (4) is covered with a shielding layer (5), the shielding layer (5) is covered with a buffer isolation layer (6), and the buffer isolation layer (6) is covered with a sheath layer (7).

2. The low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed data center transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner conductor (1) includes a solid oxygen-free copper core and stranded oxygen-free copper wires surrounding the solid oxygen-free copper core; the solid oxygen-free copper core has a purity ≥99.99%, a diameter of 1.2 mm, an oxygen content of less than 0.003%, and a conductivity of 101% IACS; the stranded oxygen-free copper wires consist of 7 strands, each with a diameter of 0.4 mm and a stranding pitch of 8-10 mm.

3. The low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed data center transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the inner conductor (1) is provided with a silver plating layer, the thickness of which is 0.01 mm and the conductivity is 106% IACS.

4. The low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed data center transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gradient insulation layer (2) includes an inner insulation layer (21) and an outer insulation layer (22); the inner insulation layer (21) directly covers the outer layer of the inner conductor (1), with a thickness of 0.8 mm, and is made of nanoparticle modified polytetrafluoroethylene. Its dielectric constant at 25℃ and 1GHz is 1.8-2.0, its temperature range is -60℃ to 200℃, and its insulation resistance is ≥10 Ω·cm. 14 Ω·cm; The outer insulation layer (22) covers the outer layer of the inner insulation layer (21) with a thickness of 0.5mm. The material is a composite material of low dielectric constant polyethylene and hollow glass microspheres. The dielectric constant of the composite is 2.1-2.2; The overall outer diameter of the gradient insulation layer (2) is 4.2mm. The inner and outer insulation layers are tightly bonded without gaps.

5. The low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed transmission in data centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic permeable layer (3) covers the outer insulating layer (22) of the gradient insulating layer (2), and is made of nanocrystalline alloy strip. The nanocrystalline alloy strip is composed of Fe, Si, B, Cu, and Nb, with a thickness of 0.02 mm. It is spirally wound with a winding overlap rate of 30%. The initial permeability of the nanocrystalline alloy strip at a frequency of 1 kHz is 10. 4 -10 5 The saturation magnetic induction intensity is 1.2T.

6. The low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed transmission in data centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer conductor (4) includes an inner outer conductor (41) and an outer outer conductor (42); the inner outer conductor (41) is wrapped around the outer layer of the magnetic conductive layer (3), and is made of tin-plated oxygen-free copper strip with a thickness of 0.1 mm and a tin plating layer thickness of 0.005 mm; the outer outer conductor (42) is wrapped around the outer layer of the inner outer conductor (41), and is a silver-plated oxygen-free copper wire braided structure with 48 silver-plated oxygen-free copper wires, each with a diameter of 0.12 mm, a braiding density of ≥95%, and a braiding pitch of 10-12 mm.

7. The low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed transmission in data centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding layer (5) covers the outer layer of the outer conductor (4) and the outer layer of the outer conductor (42). The material is aluminum-plastic composite tape with an overall thickness of 0.03mm. It includes an aluminum layer with a thickness of 0.01mm and a PET base layer with a thickness of 0.02mm. The aluminum side faces inward and the PET side faces outward. The wrapping overlap rate is ≥50% and the wrapping tension is 3-5N.

8. The low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed data center transmission according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer isolation layer (6) is made of modified EVA with a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm and a Shore hardness of 45-55 A. Hollow microbubbles are evenly distributed inside the buffer isolation layer (6), with a microbubble distribution density of 500-800 per cm³.

9. The low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed transmission in data centers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sheath layer (7) is made of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin with a thickness of 1.0 mm, an oxygen index of ≥32%, a temperature range of -40℃ to 105℃, and a Shore hardness of 85A.

10. The low-latency coaxial cable for high-speed transmission in data centers according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface of the nanocrystalline alloy strip of the magnetic conductive layer (3) is provided with a corrosion-resistant coating. The corrosion-resistant coating is made of polyimide and has a thickness of 0.002-0.003 mm. The coating and the nanocrystalline alloy strip are tightly bonded by a silane coupling agent. The spiral winding direction of the magnetic conductive layer (3) is opposite to the braiding direction of the outer conductor (42), and the winding pitch of the magnetic conductive layer (3) is 1.5 times the braiding pitch of the outer conductor (42).

Images