Bar appearance defect optical detection apparatus

Abstract

The application provides a kind of bar appearance defect optical detection equipment, comprising: detection feeding device, including the sample carrier of top recess with a plurality of sample slots extending horizontally, the drive frame that is movably arranged in sample carrier and is driven to lift and move horizontally by detection drive mechanism, a plurality of sample slots are sequentially spaced along the horizontal direction and are used to carry a plurality of bar samples, and the drive frame is recessed with a plurality of transfer slots on top;Drive frame is used to sequentially lift, move horizontally and drop a plurality of bar samples in a plurality of sample slots of previous stage by a plurality of transfer slots to a plurality of sample slots of next stage;Optical detection device, including a plurality of optical detection units corresponding to sample slot respectively and used for detecting appearance defect of bar sample respectively;Sample output device.It can improve the moving and detection efficiency of bar sample along a plurality of optical detection units, and ensure the stability during and after moving, ensure the accuracy of detection value, and prevent the risk of bar falling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical inspection equipment, specifically to an optical inspection device for appearance defects in bars. Background Technology

[0002] Powder metallurgy bars, as a key raw material, are widely used in the manufacture of various parts, with huge market demand. During the production process, defects such as cracks and scratches may appear on the surface of the bars processed by machine tools. These defects affect their physical properties, leading to substandard product quality. To ensure the quality of the bars leaving the factory, bars with appearance defects must be screened and recycled using optical inspection equipment.

[0003] The bar appearance defect inspection equipment has multiple inspection stations, which can separately inspect the length, end face defects, diameter, chamfer dimensions, bar body defects, and chamfer defects of the bars. After inspection, the equipment can automatically classify and collect qualified and unqualified bars. However, existing bar appearance defect inspection equipment designs multiple inspection stations in a U-shape, and uses mechanical grippers to hold the bars and place them sequentially in multiple inspection stations and press them firmly to ensure inspection accuracy. This results in low efficiency in moving the bars between multiple inspection stations and a high risk of bars falling off.

[0004] Furthermore, existing bar appearance defect inspection equipment collects qualified bars by letting them fall into or roll into the bar box. This method leads to bars colliding and being damaged during the fall, or bars rolling into the bar box but failing to stack, thus failing to make efficient use of the box's three-dimensional space. Therefore, the existing methods for collecting qualified bars suffer from low stability and poor effectiveness.

[0005] The research objective of this invention is to design an optical inspection device for bar appearance defects to address the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an optical inspection device for appearance defects in bar stock, which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0007] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] An optical inspection device for appearance defects in bars includes:

[0009] The testing and feeding device includes a sample support platform that extends laterally and has a plurality of sample slots recessed at the top, and a drive frame that is movably disposed within the sample support platform and is driven to rise, fall, and move laterally by a testing drive mechanism. The plurality of sample slots are arranged sequentially and spaced apart along the lateral direction and are used to support a plurality of bar samples. The drive frame has a plurality of transfer slots recessed at the top. The drive frame is used to drive a plurality of bar samples in a plurality of previous sample slots to rise, move laterally, and fall sequentially to a plurality of subsequent sample slots through the plurality of transfer slots.

[0010] An optical inspection device includes several optical inspection units, each corresponding to the sample slot and used to inspect the appearance defects of the rod sample.

[0011] Sample output device, used to output rod samples.

[0012] Furthermore, the optical detection units include a middle diameter detection mechanism, an end diameter detection mechanism, an end face defect detection mechanism, and a chamfer defect detection mechanism arranged sequentially from front to back. The middle diameter detection mechanism, the end diameter detection mechanism, the end face defect detection mechanism, and the chamfer defect detection mechanism each include a middle diameter detection camera, an end diameter detection camera, an end face defect detection camera, and a chamfer defect detection camera that are movably arranged corresponding to the sample slot. The optical detection device also includes a rod body defect detection mechanism, which includes a rotating roller group corresponding to one of the transfer slots and used to drive the rod sample to rotate, and a rod body defect detection camera corresponding to and arranged above the rotating roller group. The top of the sample support platform is recessed with a groove corresponding to the rotating roller group.

[0013] Furthermore, a steering device is provided between the end face defect detection mechanism and the chamfer defect detection mechanism. The steering device includes several steering grippers that are spaced apart above the sample support platform and are driven to move synchronously up and down and laterally by a steering drive seat. The several steering grippers are used to grip the bar samples in the sample slots and are driven to rotate by the steering drive mechanism. The number of end face defect detection cameras is set to two and located on the left and right sides of the sample support platform. The number of chamfer defect detection cameras is set to one and located on the left and right sides of the sample support platform. When the end face defect detection camera detects that the chamfer of several bar samples is facing away from the chamfer defect detection camera, the several steering grippers are used to grip the corresponding several bar samples in the several sample slots and then return them after turning.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of steering grippers is set to three spaced laterally and driven synchronously by a steering drive mechanism including a motor and pulley assembly. The plurality of sample slots laterally include a central diameter detection station located below one of the central diameter detection cameras, an end diameter detection station located below two of the end diameter detection cameras, an end face defect detection station located between two end face defect detection cameras, three steering stations respectively located below the three steering grippers, three return stations respectively spaced one sample slot from the three steering stations, and a chamfer defect detection station located to the right of one of the chamfer defect detection cameras. The sample support stage is fixed in the middle, located below the central diameter detection camera and... The calibration block adjacent to the central diameter detection station is provided with calibration stations on the left and right sides corresponding to the left and right sides of the end diameter detection station. The calibration stations are used to place calibration rods. The detection feeding device also includes several centering mechanisms. Each centering mechanism includes at least one pair of centering parts located on the left and right sides of the sample carrier platform and used to clamp and center the rod sample in opposite directions. The several pairs of centering parts correspond to the sample slots one level before the central diameter detection station, the sample slots one level before the end diameter detection station, the sample slots one level before the end face defect detection station, the three turning stations, the sample slots one level after the last return station, the sample slots one level before the rotating roller group, and the third and last sample slots.

[0015] Furthermore, the sample output device includes several discharge stations, several qualified discharge mechanisms and several unqualified discharge mechanisms corresponding to the several discharge stations, a conveying mechanism for receiving the bar samples output by the testing feeding device and inputting them into the several discharge stations, as well as a feeding mechanism, a clamping mechanism, and several qualified material boxes. Each qualified discharge mechanism includes an output platform with one end connected to the discharge station, a blocking component that extends vertically and horizontally at the middle of one end of the output platform, an alignment component that moves laterally on both sides of the other end of the output platform, and a top component that moves vertically and vertically through the middle of the other end of the output platform. The alignment components on both sides are driven by an alignment driving device to move laterally in opposite directions or in opposite directions. The material feeding mechanism includes several material feeding components that can be raised and lowered and are driven by a material feeding drive seat to move laterally along the output platform. The material clamping mechanism includes two movable material clamping components for clamping materials facing each other. Several qualified bars are input into the output platform one by one and are blocked by the material blocking component to form a bar group. After the material blocking component descends, several material feeding components push several bar groups on several output platforms to move laterally to the other end above several material top components. After the alignment components on both sides clamp the bar groups facing each other, the two material clamping components move to both sides of the bar group. After the material top component pushes the bar group, the two material clamping components clamp the bar group facing each other and transport it to the qualified material box.

[0016] Further, the clamping mechanism includes a clamping drive seat and a moving drive mechanism for driving the clamping drive seat to move laterally and vertically. Each clamping component includes an inner clamping plate and an outer clamping plate spaced apart. The two inner clamping plates are located between the two outer clamping plates and are driven by the clamping drive seat to move laterally towards each other and in opposite directions. The two outer clamping plates are driven by the clamping drive device provided on the clamping drive seat to move laterally towards each other or in opposite directions. The lower ends of the two outer clamping plates are folded towards each other to form two limiting portions surrounding the bottom and sides of the lower ends of the two inner clamping plates. The two clamping components move to both sides of the bar group and move laterally towards each other. After the top material component pushes the bar group between the lower parts of the two inner clamping plates, the two outer clamping plates move laterally towards each other to clamp the two inner clamping plates. The two limiting portions protrude inward from the lower ends of the two inner clamping plates and limit and cover both ends of the bar group.

[0017] Furthermore, the inner and outer clamping plates are respectively provided with vertically extending relief grooves and reinforcing ribs on the middle parts of their opposite sides.

[0018] Furthermore, one end of the top material component is connected to the top material driving device, and the other end is folded downward to form a limiting surface and then folded forward laterally to form a top material surface. The top material surface is inclined downward towards the limiting surface.

[0019] Furthermore, the alignment members on both sides are respectively disposed on the first and second transverse sliding seats that slide left and right. The alignment driving device includes a transmission belt disposed at the bottom of a plurality of output platforms and extending left and right. A plurality of the first transverse sliding seats are connected to the upper side of the transmission belt, and a plurality of the second transverse sliding seats are connected to the lower side of the transmission belt. The plurality of the first transverse sliding seats and the plurality of the second transverse sliding seats are driven by the rotation of the transmission belt to move laterally in opposite directions, thereby driving the alignment members on both sides to move laterally in opposite directions.

[0020] Furthermore, several output platforms are spaced apart horizontally and extend forward and backward. The front end of each output platform is inclined and serves as a feeding platform. Several qualified material boxes are located on the rear side of several output platforms. The conveying mechanism includes a receiving station located on the rear side of the transfer trough at the last stage for receiving bar samples, and a movably arranged feeding gripper corresponding to the several feeding stations. Several feeding stations are distributed horizontally in sequence. Several feeding platforms are spaced apart and correspond to multiple feeding stations. Several unqualified feeding mechanisms are configured as several unqualified material boxes corresponding to multiple feeding stations. Feeding stations that correspond only to the unqualified material boxes or simultaneously to the feeding platform and unqualified material boxes are controlled to open and close by a horizontally moving dropping block. The dropping block is driven to move horizontally by a dropping drive device. When the dropping block moves horizontally to close the feeding station, it guides qualified bars to the feeding platform. When the dropping block moves horizontally to open the feeding station, it causes unqualified bars to fall into the unqualified material box.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0022] 1. By setting up a sample support stage and a drive frame, during the process of the drive frame rising, moving backward, falling, and moving forward to reset, several rod samples in several previous sample slots can be sequentially raised, moved laterally, and lowered to several subsequent sample slots via several transfer slots. Furthermore, the transfer slots and sample slots allow the rod samples to move stably along several sample slots under the drive of the drive frame, and immediately fall to the bottom of the sample slot after movement and be stably placed. This improves the efficiency of moving and detecting the rod samples along several optical detection units, ensures stability after movement, and guarantees accurate detection values. Simultaneously, the interlocking transfer slots and the two levels of sample slots limit the movement of the rod samples throughout their movement, improving stability and preventing the risk of the rods falling.

[0023] By setting up several qualified discharge mechanisms, several qualified bars are input into the output platform one by one and then blocked by the material blocking components to form a bar group. This causes the bars to roll a short distance and then stop, thus buffering the discharge of the bars and preventing excessive collisions between the bars and damage. After the bar groups are formed on several output platforms, the material blocking components descend, and several material pushing components move the bar groups on several output platforms laterally to the other end and above several material lifting components. The alignment components on both sides clamp the bar groups together, thereby improving the neatness of the bar groups and improving the clamping stability of the subsequent clamping components. After the bar groups are aligned, the two clamping components move to both sides of the bar groups. After the material lifting components push the bar groups, the two clamping components clamp the bar groups together and transport them to the qualified material box. Thus, through the upward pushing action of the material lifting components, the bar groups can be pushed up between the two clamping components for stable clamping, avoiding the situation where the bar groups are only clamped at the lower end of the two clamping components and are easily detached, thereby improving the stability of the two clamping components in clamping and transporting the bar groups. Furthermore, due to the setting of the steering device, the chamfers of several qualified bars in the bar group are aligned, that is, the centers of gravity of several qualified bars are aligned. Therefore, the top material can stably lift the bar group, and there will be no situation where some qualified bars will swing up and down and fall due to inconsistent chamfer orientation and inconsistent centers of gravity when the top material is lifted. This greatly improves the stability of the bar group under the lifting and clamping of the two clamping parts.

[0024] 2. By adding a steering mechanism, when the end-face defect detection camera detects that the chamfer of several bar samples is facing away from the camera, several steering jaws are used to grip the corresponding bar samples in the sample slots, rotate them 180°, and then return them. This ensures that the chamfer defect detection camera can stably capture images of the chamfered end of the bar sample, improving the stability of chamfer defect detection. At the same time, it ensures that the output bar samples have a consistent orientation, thereby improving the output quality.

[0025] 3. By setting up calibration blocks and calibration stations, the central and end-point direct inspection cameras can be calibrated using calibration blocks and calibration rods during image capture and inspection. This avoids situations where the pixel size captured by the camera is difficult to determine due to camera positional installation deviations or changes in rod dimensions. The calibration blocks and calibration rods at the calibration stations provide rapid dimensional calibration, improving the accuracy of dimensional defect detection. Furthermore, the setting of several centering mechanisms ensures that the rod sample is properly calibrated before entering the central diameter inspection station and the end diameter inspection station. Before the sample is placed, before the end face defect detection station, at the three turning stations, before the rotating roller group, at the third to last and last sample slots, and after the last return station, the sample is centered and corrected by the centering mechanism. This ensures the accuracy of the optical detection units in photographing and detecting the bar sample, improves the stability of the turning device in grasping the bar sample that needs to be turned, and improves the stability of the bar sample output detection feeding device. At the same time, the synchronous clamping, turning, and return of the three turning jaws can greatly improve the turning efficiency of the bar sample.

[0026] 4. By setting up inner and outer clamping plates, when the two clamping components hold the bar assembly, the two clamping components move to both sides of the bar assembly and move laterally towards each other for coarse positioning. After the top component pushes the bar assembly between the lower parts of the two inner clamping plates, the two outer clamping plates move laterally towards each other to clamp the two inner clamping plates, thereby clamping and fixing the bar assembly. The two limiting parts protrude inward from the lower ends of the two inner clamping plates and limit the two ends of the bar assembly. Thus, while the two inner clamping plates perform coarse positioning of the bar assembly and the two outer clamping plates clamp and fix the two inner clamping plates and the bar assembly to improve the stability of the clamping components holding the bar assembly, the addition of the limiting parts makes the two ends of the bar assembly limited and clamped, thereby further improving the stability of the clamping components holding the bar assembly. It can completely prevent the bar assembly from falling off the clamping components, greatly improving the stability of the clamping components in holding and transporting the bar assembly.

[0027] 5. By setting up reinforcing ribs, the structural strength of the outer clamping plate is improved, thereby enhancing its clamping stability. On this basis, by setting up relief grooves, when the two outer clamping plates are clamped together, the two reinforcing ribs are inserted into the relief grooves respectively, thereby increasing the contact area between the inner and outer clamping plates, and further improving the stability of the two outer clamping plates clamping the two inner clamping plates together.

[0028] 6. By adding a limiting surface and tilting the top surface, when the top material is used to push the bar assembly, the bar assembly will be guided by the top surface to roll toward the limiting surface and then be arranged closely side by side. This prevents the bar assembly from detaching from the top material, improves the stability of the bar assembly when it rises and the compactness of its arrangement after rising. This, in turn, improves the stability and effectiveness of the clamping component in holding the bar assembly, improves the compactness of the bar assembly after it is clamped and transported to the qualified material box, and improves the bar assembly discharge effect and the utilization rate of the qualified material box space. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical inspection device for surface defects in bar stock.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding device and the optical inspection device.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feeding device.

[0032] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the feeding device after the centering mechanism has been removed.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steering mechanism.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sample output device.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a qualified discharge mechanism and an unqualified discharge mechanism.

[0036] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0037] Figure 9 for Figure 7 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle.

[0038] Figure 10 for Figure 7 A cross-sectional structural diagram.

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism.

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping component.

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a clamping component on one side.

[0042] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism.

[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism from another perspective.

[0044] Figure label:

[0045] 1. Feeding device; 11. Sample support platform; 111. Sample slot; 112. Groove; 113. Middle diameter detection station; 114. End diameter detection station; 115. End face defect detection station; 116. Turning station; 117. Return station; 118. Chamfer defect detection station; 12. Drive frame; 121. Transfer groove; 13. Detection drive mechanism; 14. Calibration block; 15. Calibration station; 16. Calibration rod; 17. Centering mechanism; 171. Centering part;

[0046] 2. Optical inspection device; 21. Mid-section diameter inspection mechanism; 22. End diameter inspection mechanism; 23. End face defect inspection mechanism; 24. Chamfer defect inspection mechanism; 25. Bar body defect inspection mechanism; 251. Rotary roller assembly;

[0047] 3. Sample output device; 31. Discharge station; 32. Qualified discharge mechanism; 321. Output platform; 3211. Unloading platform; 322. Stopper; 323. Alignment component; 324. Ejector component; 3241. Limiting surface; 3242. Ejector surface; 325. Alignment drive device; 3251. First transverse sliding seat; 3252. Second transverse sliding seat; 3253. Transmission belt; 33. Unqualified material box; 34. Handling mechanism; 341. Receiving station; 42. Discharge gripper; 35. Material feeding mechanism; 351. Material feeding component; 352. Material feeding drive seat; 36. Clamping mechanism; 361. Clamping component; 3611. Inner clamping plate; 36111. Relief groove; 3612. Outer clamping plate; 36121. Limiting part; 36122. Reinforcing rib; 3613. Clamping drive device; 362. Clamping drive seat; 363. Moving drive mechanism; 37. Qualified material box; 38. Discharge block; 381. Discharge drive device;

[0048] 4. Steering device; 41. Steering gripper; 42. Steering drive mechanism; 421. Motor; 422. Pulley assembly;

[0049] 5. Rod sample. Detailed Implementation

[0050] Reference Figure 1-15 As shown, an optical inspection device for surface defects in bars includes:

[0051] The testing and feeding device 1 includes a sample support platform 11 that extends laterally and has a plurality of sample slots 111 recessed at the top, and a drive frame 12 that is movably disposed within the sample support platform 11 and is driven to rise, fall, and move laterally by a testing drive mechanism 13. The plurality of sample slots 111 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the lateral direction and are used to support a plurality of rod samples 5. The drive frame 12 has a plurality of transfer slots 121 recessed at the top. The drive frame 12 is used to drive the plurality of rod samples 5 in the plurality of previous sample slots 111 to rise, fall laterally, and fall sequentially to the plurality of subsequent sample slots 111 through the plurality of transfer slots 121.

[0052] The optical inspection device 2 includes several optical inspection units that correspond to the sample groove 111 and are used to detect appearance defects of the rod sample 5.

[0053] Sample output device 3 is used to output bar sample 5.

[0054] The above structure, through the arrangement of the sample support stage 11 and the drive frame 12, allows the drive frame 12 to rise, move backward, descend, and move forward to reset. During these processes, it can use several transfer grooves 121 to drive several rod samples 5 from the previous sample grooves 111 to rise, move laterally, and descend sequentially to the next sample grooves 111. Furthermore, the transfer grooves 121 and the sample grooves 111 ensure that the rod samples 5 can move stably along the sample grooves 111 under the drive of the drive frame 12, and immediately fall into the bottom of the sample grooves 111 after movement and remain stably placed. This improves the efficiency of the rod samples 5 moving and being detected along the optical detection units, ensures stability after movement, and guarantees accurate detection values. Simultaneously, the interlocking transfer grooves 121 and the two-stage sample grooves 111 limit the movement of the rod samples 5 throughout their movement, improving stability and preventing the risk of the rods falling.

[0055] To improve the comprehensiveness of bar appearance defect detection, the optical detection units include a middle diameter detection mechanism 21, an end diameter detection mechanism 22, an end face defect detection mechanism 23, and a chamfer defect detection mechanism 24 arranged sequentially. The middle diameter detection mechanism 21, the end diameter detection mechanism 22, the end face defect detection mechanism 23, and the chamfer defect detection mechanism 24 each include a middle diameter detection camera, an end diameter detection camera, an end face defect detection camera, and a chamfer defect detection camera that are movably arranged corresponding to the sample groove 111. The optical detection device 2 also includes a bar body defect detection mechanism 25. The bar body defect detection mechanism 25 includes a rotating roller group 251 corresponding to a transfer groove 121 and used to drive the bar sample 5 to rotate, and a bar body defect detection camera corresponding to the rotating roller group 251. The top of the sample support platform 11 is recessed with a groove 112 corresponding to the rotating roller group 251.

[0056] Existing powder metallurgy rods typically have a chamfer on only one end. Therefore, to improve the stability of chamfer defect detection, a steering device 4 is provided between the end face defect detection mechanism 23 and the chamfer defect detection mechanism 24. The steering device 4 includes several steering grippers 41 that are spaced apart above the sample support platform 11 and are driven to move synchronously up and down and laterally by a steering drive seat. The several steering grippers 41 are used to grip the rod samples 5 in the sample slots 111 and are driven to rotate by the steering drive mechanism 42. The number of end face defect detection cameras is set to two and located on the left and right sides of the sample support platform 11, and the number of chamfer defect detection cameras is set to one and located on the left and right sides of the sample support platform 11. With the addition of the steering device 4, when the end face defect detection camera detects that the chamfer of several rod samples 5 is facing away from the chamfer defect detection camera, the several steering grippers 41 are used to grip the corresponding several rod samples 5 in the several sample slots 111 and rotate 180° before returning them. This ensures that the chamfer defect detection camera can stably capture images of the chamfered end of the bar sample 5, improving the stability of chamfer defect detection. At the same time, it ensures that the output bar sample 5 faces the same direction, thereby improving the output effect of the bar.

[0057] To improve defect detection accuracy and feeding stability of the detection feeding device 1, the number of steering grippers 41 is set to three spaced laterally and driven synchronously by a steering drive mechanism 42 including a motor 421 and a pulley assembly 422. A plurality of sample slots 111 laterally include a central diameter detection station 113 located below a central diameter detection camera, an end diameter detection station 114 located below two end diameter detection cameras, an end face defect detection station 115 located between two end face defect detection cameras, three steering stations 116 located below the three steering grippers 41, three return stations 117 spaced apart from the three steering stations 116 by one sample slot 111, and a chamfer defect detection station 118 located to the right of a chamfer defect detection camera. The sample support platform 11 is fixed in the middle, located below the central diameter detection camera and adjacent to the central diameter detection camera. The calibration block 14 adjacent to the middle diameter detection station 113 is provided with calibration stations 15 on the left and right sides corresponding to the left and right sides of the end diameter detection station 114. The calibration stations 15 are used to place calibration rods 16. The detection feeding device 1 also includes several centering mechanisms 17. Each centering mechanism 17 includes at least one pair of centering parts 171 located on the left and right sides of the sample support platform 11 and used to clamp and center the rod sample 5 in opposite directions. The several pairs of centering parts 171 correspond to the sample slot 111 one level before the middle diameter detection station 113, the sample slot 111 one level before the end diameter detection station 114, the sample slot 111 one level before the end face defect detection station 115, the three turning stations 116, the sample slot 111 one level after the last return station 117, the sample slot 111 one level before the rotating roller group 251, and the third and last sample slots 111.The above structure, through the setting of calibration block 14 and calibration station 15, allows for calibration and calibration of the middle direct inspection camera and the end direct inspection camera during image capture and inspection. This avoids situations where the pixel size captured by the camera is difficult to determine due to camera position installation deviations, rod size changes, etc. The calibration block 14 and calibration station 15 provide rapid dimensional calibration and improve the accuracy of dimensional defect detection. Furthermore, through the setting of several centering mechanisms 17, the rod sample 5 is positioned before entering the middle diameter detection station 113 and the end diameter detection station 114. Before the end-face defect detection station 115, at the three turning stations 116, before the rotating roller group 251, at the third to last and last sample slot 111, and after the last return station 117, the sample is centered and corrected by the centering part 171 of the centering mechanism 17. This ensures the accuracy of the optical detection units in taking pictures of the bar sample 5, improves the stability of the turning device 4 in grasping the bar sample 5 that needs to be turned, and improves the stability of the bar sample 5 when it is output from the detection feeding device 1. At the same time, the turning efficiency of the bar sample 5 can be greatly improved by the synchronous clamping, turning and return of the three turning jaws 41.

[0058] Existing bar appearance defect inspection equipment collects qualified bars by letting them fall into or roll into a bar box. This method leads to bars colliding and getting damaged during the fall, or bars rolling into the bar box but failing to stack, thus failing to make efficient use of the box's three-dimensional space. Therefore, the existing methods for collecting qualified bars suffer from low stability and poor effectiveness.

[0059] Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the sample output device 3 includes a plurality of discharge stations 31, a plurality of qualified discharge mechanisms 32 corresponding to the plurality of discharge stations 31, a plurality of unqualified discharge mechanisms, a conveying mechanism 34 for receiving the bar samples 5 output by the testing feeding device 1 and respectively inputting them into the plurality of discharge stations 31, as well as a material feeding mechanism 35, a material clamping mechanism 36, and a plurality of qualified material boxes 37. Each qualified discharge mechanism 32 includes an output platform 321 connected to the discharge station 31 at one end, and a vertically extendable structure on the output platform. The output platform 321 includes a stop 322 at one end of the middle, an alignment member 323 laterally movable on both sides of the other end of the output platform 321, and a top member 324 vertically movable through the middle of the other end of the output platform 321. The alignment members 323 on both sides are driven by the alignment drive device 325 to move laterally in opposite directions. The material feeding mechanism 35 includes a plurality of material feeding members 351 that can be raised and lowered and driven by the material feeding drive seat 352 to move laterally along the output platform 321. The material clamping mechanism 36 includes two movable material clamping members 361 for clamping materials in opposite directions.

[0060] The above structure, through the arrangement of several qualified discharge mechanisms 32, allows several qualified bars to be input into the output platform 321 one by one, blocked by the baffle 322 and arranged side by side to form a bar group. This causes the bars to stop after rolling a short distance, thus buffering the discharge of the bars and preventing excessive collisions between the bars and damage. After the bar groups are formed on several output platforms 321, the baffle 322 descends, and several pushers 351 push the several bar groups on several output platforms 321 to move laterally to the other end above several top pushers 324. The alignment members 323 on both sides clamp the bars together. The material groups are aligned to improve the neatness of several bar groups, thereby improving the clamping stability of the subsequent clamping components 361. After several bar groups are aligned, the two clamping components 361 move to both sides of the bar group. After the top material component 324 pushes the bar group upward, the two clamping components 361 clamp the bar group facing each other and transport it to the qualified material box 37. Thus, through the upward pushing action of the top material component 324, the bar group can be pushed up between the two clamping components 361 for stable clamping, avoiding the situation where the bar group is only clamped at the lower end of the two clamping components 361 and is easy to fall off, thereby improving the stability of the two clamping components 361 in clamping and transporting the bar group. Furthermore, due to the setting of the steering device 4, the chamfer orientation of several qualified bars in the bar group is consistent, that is, the center of gravity of several qualified bars is consistent. Therefore, the top material member 324 can stably lift the bar group, and there will be no situation where some qualified bars will swing up and down and fall off due to inconsistent chamfer orientation and inconsistent center of gravity when the top material member 324 lifts. This greatly improves the stability of the bar group under the lifting and clamping of the two clamping members 361.

[0061] To improve the clamping stability of the clamping components 361, the clamping mechanism 36 includes a clamping drive seat 362 and a moving drive mechanism 363 for driving the clamping drive seat 362 to move forward and backward and to move up and down. Each clamping component 361 includes an inner clamping plate 3611 and an outer clamping plate 3612 spaced apart. The two inner clamping plates 3611 are located between the two outer clamping plates 3612 and are driven by the clamping drive seat 362 to move laterally in opposite directions. The outer clamping plates 3612 are driven by the clamping driving device 3613 mounted on the clamping driving seat 362 to move laterally in opposite directions or in opposite directions. The lower ends of the two outer clamping plates 3612 are folded towards each other to form two limiting portions 36121 surrounding the bottom and sides of the lower ends of the two inner clamping plates 3611. The above structure, through the arrangement of the inner clamping plates 3611 and the outer clamping plates 3612, allows the two clamping members 361 to move to the desired position when clamping the bar stock. The bar assembly is roughly positioned by moving laterally from both sides towards each other. After the top material member 324 pushes the bar assembly between the lower parts of the two inner clamping plates 3611, the two outer clamping plates 3612 move laterally towards each other to clamp the two inner clamping plates 3611, thereby clamping and fixing the bar assembly. The two limiting parts 36121 protrude inward from the lower ends of the two inner clamping plates 3611 and limit and cover both ends of the bar assembly, thus achieving rough positioning of the bar assembly through the two inner clamping plates 3611. Positioning and two outer clamping plates 3612 clamp and fix the two inner clamping plates 3611 and the bar assembly to improve the stability of the clamping member 361 in holding the bar assembly. With the addition of the limiting part 36121, the two ends of the bar assembly are limited and clamped, thereby further improving the stability of the clamping member 361 in holding the bar assembly. This can completely prevent the bar assembly from falling off the clamping member 361, and greatly improve the stability of the clamping member 361 in holding and transporting the bar assembly.

[0062] To improve the structural strength of the outer clamping plate 3612, the inner clamping plate 3611 and the outer clamping plate 3612 are respectively provided with vertically extending relief grooves 36111 and reinforcing ribs 36122 on their opposite sides. The above structure, through the setting of the reinforcing ribs 36122, improves the structural strength of the outer clamping plate 3612, thereby enhancing its clamping stability. Furthermore, the setting of the relief grooves 36111 allows the two reinforcing ribs 36122 to be inserted into the relief grooves 36111 when the two outer clamping plates 3612 are clamped together, thereby increasing the contact area between the inner clamping plate 3611 and the outer clamping plate 3612, and further improving the stability of the two outer clamping plates 3612 clamping the two inner clamping plates 3611 together.

[0063] To improve the stability of the top material component 324, one end of the top material component 324 is connected to the top material driving device, and the other end is folded downward to form a limiting surface 3241 and then folded forward laterally to form a top material surface 3242. The top material surface 3242 is inclined downward towards the limiting surface 3241. This structure, through the addition of the limiting surface 3241 and the inclined arrangement of the top material surface 3242, ensures that when the top material component 324 pushes the rod assembly, the rod assembly is guided by the top material surface 3242 to roll towards the limiting surface 3241 and then arranged closely side-by-side. This prevents the rod assembly from detaching from the top material component 324, improves the stability of the rod assembly during ascent and the compactness of its arrangement after ascent, thereby improving the stability and effectiveness of the clamping component 361 in holding the rod assembly, improving the compactness of the rod assembly after it is clamped and transported to the qualified material box 37, and improving the discharge effect of the rod assembly and the utilization rate of the space in the qualified material box 37.

[0064] To reduce the driving cost of the alignment drive device 325, the alignment members 323 on both sides are respectively mounted on the first transverse sliding seat 3251 and the second transverse sliding seat 3252, which are slidably arranged left and right. The alignment drive device 325 includes a transmission belt 3253 located at the bottom of several output platforms 321 and extending left and right. Several first transverse sliding seats 3251 are connected to the upper side of the transmission belt 3253, and several second transverse sliding seats 3252 are connected to the lower side of the transmission belt 3253. The several first transverse sliding seats 3251 and several second transverse sliding seats 3252 are driven by the rotation of the transmission belt 3253 to move laterally in opposite directions, thereby driving the alignment members 323 on both sides to move laterally in opposite directions. The above structure, through the arrangement of the first transverse sliding seat 3251 and the second transverse sliding seat 3252, enables several sets of alignment members 323 to move laterally in opposite directions using only one transmission belt 3253, reducing the driving cost of the alignment drive device 325 and improving its structural compactness.

[0065] To improve the sorting and unloading efficiency of the bar samples 5, several output platforms 321 are spaced apart horizontally and extend forward and backward. The front end of each output platform 321 is inclined and serves as a feeding platform 3211. Several qualified material boxes 37 are located behind the output platforms 321. The conveying mechanism 34 includes a receiving station 341 located behind the transfer trough 121 at the last stage and used to receive the bar samples 5, and a movably disposed feeding gripper 342 corresponding to the feeding stations 31. The feeding stations 31 are distributed horizontally and sequentially. Several feeding platforms 3211 are spaced apart and correspond to multiple feeding stations 31. Several unqualified unloading mechanisms are provided, each corresponding to multiple feeding stations 31. The non-conforming material box 33 of 1 corresponds to the discharge station 31 of the non-conforming material box 33 or the discharge station 31 of the discharge table 3211 and the non-conforming material box 33. The discharge station 31 is controlled by the horizontally moving dropping block 38. The dropping block 38 is driven to move horizontally by the dropping drive device 381. The above structure, through the setting of the dropping block 38, makes it so that when the bar sample 5 entering the corresponding discharge station 31 is a qualified bar, the dropping block 38 moves horizontally to close the discharge station 31 to guide the qualified bar to the discharge table 3211. When the bar sample 5 entering the corresponding discharge station 31 is a non-conforming bar, the dropping block 38 moves horizontally to open the discharge station 31 to make the non-conforming bar fall into the non-conforming material box 33. Based on this, the number of non-conforming material boxes 33 is set to five, which are respectively used to collect bar samples 5 with defects in the middle diameter, end diameter, end face, chamfer, and bar body. The bar samples 5 are conveyed one by one through the detection feeding device 1, allowing the control system to sequence the bar samples 5. When the middle diameter detection mechanism 21, end diameter detection mechanism 22, end face defect detection mechanism 23, and chamfer defect detection mechanism 24 detect a corresponding defect in a bar sample 5 with a certain sequence number, it is marked. Finally, the samples are transported by the conveying mechanism 3. 4. When a bar sample 5 with a certain serial number is transported to the corresponding discharge station 31, the dropping block 38 is controlled to open the discharge station 31, so that the unqualified bar with a certain serial number falls into the corresponding defective material box 33, realizing the automatic classification and recycling of unqualified bars. Thus, it is possible to determine which bar sample 5 is qualified or unqualified by simply judging by its serial number, without the need for manual intervention or a large number of sensors. This can accurately detect and classify the bar sample 5, greatly reducing the cost of detecting and classifying the bar sample 5 and significantly improving the classification and discharge efficiency.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A bar appearance defect optical inspection apparatus characterized by comprising: The application relates to a bar sample detection device, which comprises a detection feeding device (1), an optical detection device (2) and a sample output device (3). The detection feeding device (1) comprises a sample carrying table (11) which is transversely extended and has a plurality of sample grooves (111) arranged at the top of the sample carrying table (11), a driving frame (12) which is movably arranged in the sample carrying table (11) and is driven to lift and move transversely by a detection driving mechanism (13), and a plurality of transfer grooves (121) arranged at the top of the driving frame (12); the driving frame (12) is used for driving a plurality of bar samples (5) in a plurality of sample grooves (111) of a plurality of previous stages to sequentially lift, move transversely and drop into a plurality of sample grooves (111) of a plurality of subsequent stages through the plurality of transfer grooves (121). The optical detection device (2) comprises a plurality of optical detection units which correspond to the sample grooves (111) respectively and are used for detecting appearance defects of the bar samples (5) respectively. The sample output device (3) is used for outputting the bar samples (5) and comprises a plurality of discharge stations (31), a plurality of qualified discharge mechanisms (32) and a plurality of unqualified discharge mechanisms which correspond to the discharge stations (31) respectively, a carrying mechanism (34) which is used for receiving the bar samples (5) output by the detection feeding device (1) and inputting the bar samples (5) into the discharge stations (31) respectively, a material poking mechanism (35), a material clamping mechanism (36) and a plurality of qualified material boxes (37); each qualified discharge mechanism (32) comprises an output platform (321) which is connected to one end of the discharge station (31), a material blocking piece (322) which is arranged at the middle of one end of the output platform (321) and can lift up and down, alignment pieces (323) which are movably arranged at two sides of the other end of the output platform (321), and a material lifting piece (324) which is movably arranged at the middle of the other end of the output platform (321); the alignment pieces (323) on the two sides are driven to move transversely towards each other or move transversely away from each other by an alignment driving device (325); the material poking mechanism (35) comprises a plurality of material poking pieces (351) which are arranged to be liftable and are driven to move transversely along the output platform (321) by a material poking driving seat (352); the material clamping mechanism (36) comprises two material clamping pieces (361) which are movable and are used for clamping materials towards each other; after a plurality of qualified bar materials are input into the output platform (321) one by one, the bar materials are blocked and arranged in parallel by the material blocking piece (322); after the material blocking piece (322) is lowered, the plurality of material poking pieces (351) poke the plurality of bar material groups on the plurality of output platforms (321) to move transversely towards the other end to above the plurality of material lifting pieces (324); after the alignment pieces (323) on the two sides clamp the bar material groups towards each other, the two material clamping pieces (361) are moved to the two sides of the bar material groups, and the material lifting pieces (324) lift the bar material groups, and then the two material clamping pieces (361) clamp the bar material groups towards each other and carry the bar material groups to the qualified material boxes (37).

2. A bar appearance optical inspection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The optical detection device (2) further comprises a rod body defect detection mechanism (25), the rod body defect detection mechanism (25) comprises a rotating roller group (251) corresponding to one of the transfer grooves (121) and used for driving the rod sample (5) to rotate, and a rod body defect detection camera corresponding to the rotating roller group (251) and arranged above the rotating roller group (251); and a recess (112) corresponding to the rotating roller group (251) is arranged on the top of the sample carrying table (11).

3. A device for optical detection of surface defects of a bar as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that The optical detection device (2) further comprises a rod body defect detection mechanism (25), the rod body defect detection mechanism (25) comprises a rotating roller group (251) corresponding to one of the transfer grooves (121) and used for driving the rod sample (5) to rotate, and a rod body defect detection camera corresponding to the rotating roller group (251) and arranged above the rotating roller group (251); and a recess (112) corresponding to the rotating roller group (251) is arranged on the top of the sample carrying table (11). The end face defect detection mechanism (23) and the chamfer defect detection mechanism (24) are further provided with a turning device (4), the turning device (4) comprises a plurality of turning clamps (41) arranged in front of and behind each other above the sample carrying table (11) and driven to ascend and descend and move horizontally synchronously by a turning driving seat, the plurality of turning clamps (41) are driven to rotate by a turning driving mechanism (42) and used for clamping the rod samples (5) in the sample grooves (111), the number of the end face defect detection cameras is two and the end face defect detection cameras are located on the left and right sides of the sample carrying table (11), and the number of the chamfer defect detection camera is one and the chamfer defect detection camera is located on one side of the sample carrying table (11); when the end face defect detection cameras detect that the chamfers of the plurality of rod samples (5) are directed away from the side of the chamfer defect detection camera, the plurality of turning clamps (41) are used for clamping the plurality of rod samples (5) in the plurality of sample grooves (111) corresponding to the plurality of turning clamps (41) and turning back and putting back.

4. A device for optical detection of surface defects of a bar as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that The number of the turning clamps (41) is set to three and is driven to rotate synchronously by a turning drive mechanism (42) including a motor (421) and a pulley assembly (422), a plurality of the sample slots (111) include a middle diameter detection station (113) below the middle diameter detection camera, an end diameter detection station (114) below the two end diameter detection cameras, an end face defect detection station (115) between the two end face defect detection cameras, three turning stations (116) below the three turning clamps (41) respectively, three returning stations (117) spaced apart from the three turning stations (116) by one sample slot (111) respectively, and a chamfer defect detection station (118) on the right side of the chamfer defect detection camera, the middle of the sample carrier (11) is fixed with a calibration block (14) below the middle diameter detection camera and adjacent to the middle diameter detection station (113), and the left and right sides are provided with calibration stations (15) corresponding to the left and right sides of the end diameter detection station (114), the calibration station (15) is used for placing a calibration rod (16), the detection feeding device (1) further includes a plurality of centering mechanisms (17), each centering mechanism (17) includes at least a pair of centering portions (171) on the left and right sides of the sample carrier (11) and used for clamping the rod sample (5) towards the center, a plurality of pairs of centering portions (171) correspond to the sample slots (111) of the previous stage of the middle diameter detection station (113), the sample slots (111) of the previous stage of the end diameter detection station (114), the sample slots (111) of the previous stage of the end face defect detection station (115), the three turning stations (116), the sample slots (111) of the next stage of the last returning station (117), the sample slots (111) of the previous stage of the rotating roller group (251), the third last and the last sample slots (111).

5. A bar appearance optical inspection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (36) comprises a clamping driving base (362) and a moving driving mechanism (363) for driving the clamping driving base (362) to move forward and backward and to lift, each clamping piece (361) comprises two spaced apart inner clamping plates (3611) and two outer clamping plates (3612), the two inner clamping plates (3611) are located between the two outer clamping plates (3612) and are driven by the clamping driving base (362) to move towards each other and to move away from each other, the two outer clamping plates (3612) are respectively driven by clamping driving devices (3613) arranged on the clamping driving base (362) to move towards each other or to move away from each other, the lower ends of the two outer clamping plates (3612) are folded towards each other to form two limiting portions (36121) surrounding the lower ends of the two inner clamping plates (3611) and the two sides, the two clamping pieces (361) are moved to the two sides of the bar group and move towards each other, the top material piece (324) is arranged on the top of the bar group to the lower part of the two inner clamping plates (3611), then the two outer clamping plates (3612) move towards each other to clamp the two inner clamping plates (3611), and the two limiting portions (36121) protrude inwardly from the lower ends of the two inner clamping plates (3611) and are arranged on the two ends of the bar group.

6. A device for optical detection of surface defects of a bar as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that The opposite middle parts of the inner clamping plates (3611) and the outer clamping plates (3612) are respectively provided with vertically extending accommodation grooves (36111) and reinforcing beads (36122).

7. A device for optical detection of surface defects of a bar as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The top material piece (324) is connected to a top material driving device at one end and is folded downward to form a limiting surface (3241) at the other end, and then is folded transversely forward to form a top material surface (3242), the top material surface (3242) is arranged inclined downward towards the limiting surface (3241).

8. A bar appearance optical inspection apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The alignment pieces (323) on the two sides are respectively arranged on a first transverse moving base (3251) and a second transverse moving base (3252) arranged left and right, the alignment driving device (325) comprises a transmission belt (3253) arranged on the bottom of the output platforms (321) and extending left and right, a plurality of first transverse moving bases (3251) are connected to the upper side of the transmission belt (3253), a plurality of second transverse moving bases (3252) are connected to the lower side of the transmission belt (3253), the plurality of first transverse moving bases (3251) and the plurality of second transverse moving bases (3252) are driven by the rotation of the transmission belt (3253) to move towards each other or to move away from each other, thereby driving the alignment pieces (323) on the two sides to move towards each other or to move away from each other.

9. A device for optical detection of surface defects of a bar as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The output platforms (321) are arranged at intervals left and right and extend front and back, the front ends of the output platforms (321) are obliquely provided as discharge tables (3211), a plurality of the qualified material boxes (37) are arranged at the back sides of the output platforms (321), the carrying mechanism (34) comprises a material receiving station (341) located at the back side of the transfer groove (121) at the last stage and used for receiving the rod samples (5), discharge clamps (342) corresponding to the top of a plurality of the discharge stations (31) and movably arranged, a plurality of the discharge stations (31) are sequentially distributed left and right, a plurality of the discharge tables (3211) are arranged at intervals and correspond to a plurality of the discharge stations (31), a plurality of the unqualified discharge mechanisms are arranged as a plurality of unqualified material boxes (33) corresponding to a plurality of the discharge stations (31) respectively, the discharge stations (31) corresponding to the unqualified material boxes (33) only or corresponding to the discharge tables (3211) and the unqualified material boxes (33) simultaneously are controlled to open and close by the material falling blocks (38) arranged transversely, the material falling blocks (38) are driven to move transversely by the material falling driving devices (381), when the material falling blocks (38) move transversely to close the discharge stations (31), the qualified rods are guided to the discharge tables (3211), when the material falling blocks (38) move transversely to open the discharge stations (31), the unqualified rods are caused to fall to the unqualified material boxes (33).

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