Ultra-precise five-axis CNC rotary table

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of CNC (computer numerical control) rotary tables, in particular to an ultra-precise five-axis CNC rotary table which comprises a rotating mechanism which comprises an outer protective cylinder, a rotating column coaxially arranged in the outer protective cylinder, a worm located on one side of the rotating column and a driving assembly located on the other side of the rotating column, and a worm gear meshed with the worm is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rotating column; a first fluted disc is fixedly arranged at one end of the worm, the driving assembly comprises a driving column, a linkage column and a motor, the driving column and the linkage column are coaxially arranged, a telescopic groove is formed in one end of the driving column, and meanwhile the other end of the driving column is fixedly sleeved with a second fluted disc; the rotating axes of the two rotating mechanisms are perpendicularly arranged on the same vertical plane, the connecting mechanism is used for connecting the two rotating mechanisms, the five-axis CNC rotary table can achieve more refined indexing adjustment, the machining precision can be improved, errors can be reduced, meanwhile, the device can effectively protect an internal driving part, and the machining precision is improved. The service life of the whole device is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of CNC rotary tables, in particular to an ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table. BACKGROUND

[0002] CNC rotary tables are key components in CNC machining, and can expand the machining capabilities of CNC machine tools, enabling them to complete more complex machining tasks. With the transformation and upgrading of the manufacturing industry, there is an increasing demand for high-precision, high-efficiency, and high-flexibility machining. Traditional three-axis CNC machine tools are not powerful enough when machining complex curved surfaces and special-shaped workpieces, and are difficult to meet the requirements of high precision and complexity. Therefore, five-axis and even more-axis CNC machining technology has emerged, among which ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary tables integrate the movement capabilities of five coordinate axes (usually including three linear axes X, Y, and Z, and two rotary axes A (rotation around the X axis) and C (rotation around the Z axis)), are good at machining spatial curved surfaces, special-shaped workpieces, hollow workpieces, punching, inclined holes, and inclined cutting, and can achieve ultra-precision machining. For example, the existing public document CN119141264B discloses an ultra-precision five-axis inclined CNC indexing rotary table, and the existing public document CN208322712U discloses a double-station five-axis CNC rotary table, both of which disclose a five-axis CNC rotary table. Although the existing five-axis CNC rotary table can achieve the machining of precision parts, it still has the following shortcomings in actual use: 1. The existing five-axis CNC rotary table generally uses a combination of a worm gear and a worm to achieve two-axis rotation, but this rotation method is difficult to achieve more precise indexing adjustment due to the pitch limit of the worm gear and the worm, which results in a large position error of the five-axis CNC rotary table during ultra-precision machining, and cannot meet the effective machining of ultra-precision parts. 2. During the machining of parts by the five-axis CNC rotary table, the force of the tool on the parts will directly act on the worm gear and the worm. Because the worm gear and the worm are always under stress during the machining process, the precision of the cooperation between the worm gear and the worm will decrease after a long period of use, and even damage may occur. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0003] This section aims to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present application and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of the specification to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, abstract, and title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned existing CNC rotary table in the face of ultra-precision machining, the position error degree of adjustment is large, which cannot meet the effective machining of ultra-precision parts, an ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table is provided.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table, comprising a rotating mechanism, a worm and a driving assembly located on the other side of the rotating column, a worm gear meshing with the worm is fixed on the side wall of the rotating column, and one end of the worm is fixed with a first tooth disc, the driving assembly comprises a driving column, a linkage column and a motor, the driving column and the linkage column are coaxially arranged, one end of the driving column is provided with an expansion slot, and the other end of the driving column is fixedly sleeved with a second tooth disc, the first tooth disc and the second tooth disc are driven by an internal tooth belt, one end of the linkage column is fixedly provided with a T-shaped rod slidingly sleeved in the expansion slot, a second electromagnetic block is fixedly arranged on the inner end face of the expansion slot, a second spring is slidingly sleeved on the T-shaped rod on the inner side of the expansion slot, and the two ends of the second spring are fixedly connected to the T-shaped rod and the driving column, respectively, and the cross section of the T-shaped rod and the expansion slot is rectangular; n third tooth discs are arranged on the outer side wall of the linkage column in the axial direction, and the radial size of the n third tooth discs gradually decreases towards the driving column end, the motor is located below the driving column, the output shaft embedded in the output end of the motor is located below the linkage column, n fourth tooth discs are arranged on the output shaft in the axial direction, and the radial size of the n fourth tooth discs gradually increases towards the motor end, and the maximum one third tooth disc and one fourth tooth disc are meshed to realize the switching of the transmission ratio as the linkage column moves in the axial direction; and a connecting mechanism, the rotating axes of the two rotating mechanisms are vertically arranged in the same vertical plane, and the connecting mechanism is used for connecting the two rotating mechanisms.

[0006] The five-axis CNC rotary table has the advantages that: during use, the motor can drive the output shaft to rotate the fourth tooth disc, the third tooth disc is meshed with the fourth tooth disc, the driving column is driven to rotate by the linkage column, the motor drives the worm to rotate through the internal tooth belt transmission of the first tooth disc and the second tooth disc, the rotating column is driven to rotate by the worm gear, the magnetic adsorption of the T-shaped rod is realized by the energization of the second electromagnetic block, the meshing between the third tooth disc with different diameters and the fourth tooth disc with different diameters is switched, the transmission ratio is switched, the speed and indexing accuracy of the rotating column are adjusted according to the actual situation, the accuracy of precision machining is improved, and the whole is practical.

[0007] As a preferred scheme of the super-precision five-axis CNC rotary table, both ends of the worm are rotationally connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve, the ends of the driving column and the linkage column away from each other are rotationally connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and the motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve.

[0008] As a preferred scheme of the super-precision five-axis CNC rotary table, the inner wall of the outer sleeve is fixedly provided with limit rings at the upper end and the lower end in the circumferential direction, the side faces of the two limit rings away from each other are fixedly connected with fixed rings through bolts, and the inner side wall of the fixed ring is fixedly provided with a positioning ring in the circumferential direction; the top surface of the rotating column is coaxially fixedly provided with an assembly table, and the side wall of the assembly table is fixedly provided with a positioning groove in the circumferential direction which is matched with the gap of the positioning ring located above.

[0009] As a preferred scheme of the super-precision five-axis CNC rotary table, the connecting mechanism includes an assembly disc, a connecting piece, a first base plate, a support column and a support plate; the rotating mechanism with the horizontal axis is located above the side of the other rotating mechanism, the connecting pieces extending upwards are symmetrically fixed on the outer side wall of the outer sleeve with the vertical axis, the free ends of the connecting pieces are fixedly provided with the connecting discs with the horizontal axis, the end faces of the connecting discs are fixedly provided with the second mounting holes in the circumferential direction in an array; the end face of the assembly table away from the rotating column is fixedly provided with the internally threaded holes in the circumferential direction in an array, the upper end of the support plate is rotationally sleeved with the rotating shaft through bolts, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly provided with the matching disc, the end face of the matching disc is fixedly provided with the third mounting holes in the circumferential direction in an array, the second mounting hole on one of the connecting discs is fixedly connected with the internally threaded hole on the assembly table with the horizontal axis through bolts, and the second mounting hole on the other connecting disc is fixedly connected with the third mounting hole through bolts; the assembly disc is coaxially arranged above the assembly table with the vertical axis, the first mounting holes are fixedly provided on the assembly disc in the circumferential direction in an array, and the first mounting holes and the internally threaded holes are fixedly connected through bolts.

[0010] As a preferred scheme of the super-precision five-axis CNC rotary table, the outer side wall of the outer sleeve with the horizontal axis is fixedly provided with the support column extending downwards, the bottom surface of the support column is fixedly provided with the second base plate, the bottom surface of the support plate is fixedly provided with the base strip, and the second base plate and the base strip are fixedly connected to the top surface of the first base plate.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the super-precision five-axis CNC rotary table, the top surface of the assembly disc is fixedly provided with the locking grooves in the circumferential direction in an array.

[0012] In view of the existing five-axis CNC rotary table is easy to cause the worm and the worm wear in use, and then reduce the service life of the equipment, so the present application of a kind of ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table is further improved, wherein: the bottom surface of the rotating column is coaxially fixed with a fixed disc, and the fixed disc is coaxially arranged below the locking table with an isosceles trapezoidal cross section, the top surface of the locking table is fixed with a T-shaped column in the circumferential direction, and the free end of the T-shaped column is slidably connected to the fixed disc, and the bottom surface of the fixed disc is fixed with a first electromagnetic block in the middle.

[0013] Another beneficial effect of the present application is that the five-axis CNC rotary table can be magnetically attracted to the locking table when in use, so that the locking table moves upward, so that the inclined surface of the moving table will be combined on the fixed ring to achieve the stability of the rotating column by the friction between the locking table and the fixed ring, avoiding the force generated by the tool during processing being applied on the worm and the worm, thereby causing the wear of the worm and the worm.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the T-shaped column between the fixed disc and the locking table is slidably connected with a first spring.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the positioning ring in the lower fixed ring is located at the inner wall of the fixed ring, and the positioning ring is combined on the bottom surface of the fixed disc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed in the embodiment description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor. Among them: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a kind of ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table.

[0017] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 Right view of structure.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the rotating mechanism in the present application.

[0019] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the rotating mechanism in the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 It is a sectional view of the rotating mechanism in the present application in the direction of the outer cylinder axis.

[0021] Figure 6Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating mechanism in the radial direction of the outer sleeve in the present application.

[0022] Figure 7 Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the driving assembly in the axial direction of the driving column in the present application.

[0023] Figure 8 Figure 8 is a schematic view of the cooperation of the rotating column, the assembling platform and the locking platform in the present application.

[0024] Figure 9 Figure 9 is a view of the driving assembly assembled in the outer sleeve in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without departing from the concept of the present application, so the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Secondly, the "one embodiment" or "embodiment" referred to herein means that the specific features, structures or characteristics can be included in at least one implementation of the present application. "In one embodiment" appearing in different places in the specification does not mean the same embodiment, nor is it an embodiment that is separate or alternative to other embodiments.

[0028] Thirdly, the present application is described in detail in conjunction with the schematic view, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional view of the device structure is partially enlarged without the general proportion for the convenience of description, and the schematic view is only an example, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present application herein. In addition, three-dimensional spatial dimensions including length, width and depth should be included in actual manufacture. Embodiment 1

[0029] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the first embodiment of the present application provides an ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table, which, when in use, the rotating mechanism 100 is used for rotation during part machining, and the two rotating mechanisms 100 are used for rotation in two-axis direction, the connecting mechanism 200 is connected with the three-axis transverse mechanism (transverse movement in XYZ axis direction), so as to realize the operation of five-axis movement.

[0030] Specifically, the rotating mechanism 100 comprises an outer cylinder 101, a rotating column 103 coaxially arranged inside the outer cylinder 101, a worm 104 arranged at one side of the rotating column 103, and a driving assembly 105 arranged at the other side of the rotating column 103; and the connecting mechanism 200 is used for connecting the two rotating mechanisms 100, and the rotating axes of the two rotating mechanisms 100 are vertically arranged on the same vertical plane.

[0031] As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , a worm wheel 103b is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rotating column 103 and engaged with the worm 104, one end of the worm 104 is fixedly provided with a first toothed disc 104a, the driving assembly 105 comprises a driving column 105a, a linkage column 105b and a motor 105c, the driving column 105a and the linkage column 105b are coaxially arranged, one end of the driving column 105a is provided with an expansion slot 105a-2, and the other end of the driving column 105a is fixedly provided with a second toothed disc 105a-1, the first toothed disc 104a and the second toothed disc 105a-1 are driven by an internal tooth belt 106, and both ends of the worm 104 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer cylinder 101. When in use, the rotation of the driving column 105a can realize the rotation of the second toothed disc 105a-1, the second toothed disc 105a-1 and the first toothed disc 104a are driven by the internal tooth belt 106, and finally the rotation of the worm 104 is realized, the worm 104 and the worm wheel 103b are engaged, and finally the rotation of the rotating column 103 is realized.

[0032] As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 9As shown, one end of the linkage column 105b is fixedly provided with a T-shaped rod 105b-2 sleeved in the telescopic groove 105a-2, the inner end face of the telescopic groove 105a-2 is fixedly provided with a second electromagnetic block 105a-3, and the T-shaped rod 105b-2 inside the telescopic groove 105a-2 is sleeved with a second spring 105b-3, so that the T-shaped rod 105b-2 can be reset, and the two ends of the second spring 105b-3 are fixedly connected to the T-shaped rod 105b-2 and the driving column 105a, respectively, the cross sections of the T-shaped rod 105b-2 and the telescopic groove 105a-2 are both rectangular, thereby realizing the synchronous rotation of the linkage column 105b and the driving column 105a, and the ends of the driving column 105a and the linkage column 105b away from each other are both rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 101; The outer side wall of the linkage column 105b is arrayed with n third tooth plates 105b-1 along the axial direction, and the radial size of the n third tooth plates 105b-1 gradually decreases towards the end of the driving column 105a, the motor 105c is located below the driving column 105a, the motor 105c is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 101, the output shaft 105c-1 embedded in the output end of the motor 105c is located below the linkage column 105b, the output shaft 105c-1 is arrayed with n fourth tooth plates 105c-2 along the axial direction, and the radial size of the n fourth tooth plates 105c-2 gradually increases towards the end of the motor 105c, with the movement of the linkage column 105b along the axial direction, at most one third tooth plate 105b-1 and one fourth tooth plate 105c-2 are engaged to realize the switching of the transmission ratio; When in use, the energization of the second electromagnetic block 105a-3 can generate magnetism to magnetically attract the T-shaped rod 105b-2, so as to realize the movement of the linkage column 105b in the axial direction driven by the T-shaped rod 105b-2, and finally realize the switching of the engagement between the third tooth plates 105b-1 and the fourth tooth plates 105c-2 of different radial sizes, under the driving of the motor 105c, the output shaft 105c-1 drives the fourth tooth plate 105c-2 to rotate, and finally the third tooth plate 105b-1 can drive the driving column 105a to rotate through the linkage column 105b, with the switching of the transmission ratio, under the stable power output of the motor 105c, the rotation speed of the driving column 105a can be adjusted.

[0033] Further, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 101 is fixed with a limiting ring 101a at the upper and lower ends in the circumferential direction, the side face of the two limiting rings 101a away from each other is fixedly connected with a fixing ring 102 through a bolt, so as to realize the fixed connection between the fixing ring 102 and the limiting ring 101a, and the inner side wall of the fixing ring 102 is fixed with a positioning ring 102a in the circumferential direction; the top surface of the rotating column 103 is coaxially fixed with an assembly table 103a, so as to realize the rotation of the rotating column 103 driving the assembly table 103a, and the side wall of the assembly table 103a is provided with a positioning groove 103a-2 in the circumferential direction, which is in gap cooperation with the positioning ring 102a above, so as to limit and guide the movement of the assembly table 103a. Embodiment 2

[0034] With reference to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the second embodiment of the present application is based on the previous embodiment, and the difference is that, in order to more conveniently and accurately implement the present application, the connecting mechanism 200 in the present application is described in detail.

[0035] Specifically, the connecting mechanism 200 includes an assembly disc 201, a connecting piece 202, a first base plate 203, a support column 204 and a support plate 205; the rotating mechanism 100 with a horizontal rotating axis is located above the other rotating mechanism 100 on one side; the outer side wall of the outer sleeve 101 with a horizontal axis is fixed with the support column 204 extending downward, and the bottom surface of the support column 204 is fixed with a second base plate 204a, and the bottom surface of the support plate 205 is fixed with a base strip 205a, the second base plate 204a and the base strip 205a are fixedly connected to the top surface of the first base plate 203, and the first base plate 203 is connected with the three-axis transverse movement mechanism; The outer side wall of the outer sleeve 101 arranged vertically is symmetrically provided with an upward extending connecting plate 202, and the free end of the connecting plate 202 is fixedly provided with a horizontal axis connecting disc 202a, and the end face of the connecting disc 202a is circumferentially arrayed with second mounting holes 202a-1; the end face of the assembly table 103a away from the rotating column 103 is circumferentially arrayed with internally threaded holes 103a-1, the upper end of the support plate 205 is rotatably sleeved with a rotating shaft 205b through bolts, and one end of the rotating shaft 205b is fixedly provided with a matching disc 205b-1, so as to realize the free rotation of the rotating shaft 205b, and the end face of the matching disc 205b-1 is circumferentially arrayed with third mounting holes, the second mounting holes 202a-1 on one of the connecting discs 202a are fixedly connected with the internally threaded holes 103a-1 on the horizontal axis assembly table 103a through bolts, and the second mounting holes 202a-1 on the other connecting disc 202a are fixedly connected with the third mounting holes through bolts, so as to realize the rotation of the horizontal axis assembly table 103a to drive the vertical axis assembly table 103a to rotate vertically around the rotating shaft 205b; the assembly disc 201 is coaxially arranged above the rotating axis vertical assembly table 103a, the assembly disc 201 is circumferentially arrayed with first mounting holes 201b, and the first mounting holes 201b and the internally threaded holes 103a-1 are fixedly connected through bolts, so as to realize the rotation of the assembly disc 201 in the horizontal direction driven by the assembly table 103a, and the above-mentioned matching finally realizes the rotation of the assembly disc 201 in the horizontal and vertical directions, and the three-axis transverse movement mechanism is matched to realize five-axis movement adjustment.

[0036] Further, the top surface of the assembly disc 201 is circumferentially arrayed with locking grooves 201a, so as to facilitate the fixing and assembly of the parts to be machined on the assembly disc 201. Embodiment 3

[0037] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 , this is the third embodiment of the application, which is based on the previous embodiment, but differs in that, in order to avoid the force provided by the tool being completely applied to the worm gear 103b and the worm 104 during actual machining, thereby reducing the service life of the device, this embodiment is proposed.

[0038] Specifically, the bottom surface of the rotating column 103 is coaxially provided with a fixed disc 103c, and the lower surface of the fixed disc 103c is coaxially provided with a locking table 103d in the shape of an isosceles trapezoid, the top surface of the locking table 103d is circumferentially provided with T-shaped columns 103d-1, the free end of the T-shaped column 103d-1 is slidably sleeved on the fixed disc 103c, and the middle of the bottom surface of the fixed disc 103c is fixedly provided with a first electromagnetic block 103e; the T-shaped column 103d-1 between the fixed disc 103c and the locking table 103d is slidably sleeved with a first spring 103d-2, so as to realize the automatic reset of the T-shaped column 103d-1. In use, the first electromagnetic block 103e is powered to generate magnetism to adsorb the locking table 103d, the side edge of the locking table 103d is abutted on the fixed ring 102 when moving upward, thereby providing auxiliary limiting action for the rotating column 103, the friction between the locking table 103d and the fixed ring 102 is used to share the stress on the worm gear 103b and the worm 104, thereby improving the stability during processing. In actual use, in order to avoid the cooperation between the worm gear 103b and the worm 104 from being stuck, when driving the rotation of one axis, the other axis can be locked as described above. When only the horizontal movement in three-axis directions is realized, the locking operation can be performed on both axes.

[0039] Further, the positioning ring 102a in the lower fixed ring 102 is located at the inner wall upper end of the fixed ring 102, and is abutted on the bottom surface of the fixed disc 103c, so as to realize the limiting of the fixed disc 103c.

[0040] In addition, it should be noted that the components not described in detail herein are prior art.

[0041] Importantly, it should be noted that the constructions and arrangements of the present application shown in the various exemplary embodiments are illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications can be made to the embodiments without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.). For example, elements shown as integrally formed can be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements can be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of elements or positions can be altered or varied. Other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions, and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the present application is not limited to particular embodiments, but extends to the various modifications, substitutions, changes, and omissions that still fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0042] Furthermore, in the interest of providing a concise description of illustrative embodiments, not all features of an actual implementation can be described (that is, not all

[0043] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual embodiment, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions can be made. Such development efforts might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.

[0044] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not limit the present application, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those ordinarily skilled in the art that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, and all should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table, characterized in that: include, The rotating mechanism (100) includes an outer casing (101), a rotating column (103) coaxially disposed inside the outer casing (101), a worm gear (104) located on one side of the rotating column (103), and a drive assembly (105) located on the other side of the rotating column (103). A worm wheel (103b) meshing with the worm gear (104) is fixed on the side wall of the rotating column (103), and a first gear disc (104a) is fixed at one end of the worm gear (104). The drive assembly (105) includes a drive column (105a), a linkage column (105b), and a motor (105c). a) and the linkage column (105b) are coaxially arranged. One end of the drive column (105a) is provided with a telescopic groove (105a-2), and the other end of the drive column (105a) is fixedly sleeved with a second gear plate (105a-1). The first gear plate (104a) and the second gear plate (105a-1) are driven by an internal toothed belt (106). One end of the linkage column (105b) is fixedly provided with a T-shaped rod (105b-2) that is slidably sleeved in the telescopic groove (105a-2). A second electromagnetic block (105a-3) is fixedly provided on the inner end face of the telescopic groove (105a-2). A second spring (105b-3) is slidably sleeved on the T-shaped rod (105b-2) inside 105a-2, and the two ends of the second spring (105b-3) are fixedly connected to the T-shaped rod (105b-2) and the drive column (105a) respectively. The cross-sections of the T-shaped rod (105b-2) and the telescopic groove (105a-2) are both rectangular. n third gear discs (105b-1) are arranged in an array along the axial direction on the outer wall of the linkage column (105b), and the diameter of the n third gear discs (105b-1) gradually decreases towards the end near the drive column (105a). The motor (105a-2) is also connected to the drive column (105a). 5c) The output shaft (105c-1), located below the drive column (105a) and fitted into the output end of the motor (105c), is located below the linkage column (105b). n fourth gear discs (105c-2) are arranged along the axial direction on the output shaft (105c-1), and the diameter of the n fourth gear discs (105c-2) gradually increases towards the motor (105c). As the linkage column (105b) moves along the axial direction, at most one third gear disc (105b-1) and one fourth gear disc (105c-2) mesh, thereby achieving the switching of the transmission ratio; and, The connecting mechanism (200) is used to connect the two rotating mechanisms (100) whose rotation axes are set vertically on the same vertical plane.

2. The ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table as described in claim 1, characterized in that: Both ends of the worm (104) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer casing (101), and the ends of the drive column (105a) and the linkage column (105b) that are far apart are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer casing (101). The motor (105c) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer casing (101).

3. The ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the outer casing (101) is fixed with a limiting ring (101a) along the circumferential direction at both the upper and lower ends. The two limiting rings (101a) are fixed with a fixing ring (102) by bolts on the side that is far apart from each other. The inner wall of the fixing ring (102) is fixed with a positioning ring (102a) along the circumferential direction. An assembly table (103a) is coaxially fixed on the top surface of the rotating column (103), and a positioning groove (103a-2) is provided on the side wall of the assembly table (103a) along the circumferential direction to cooperate with the positioning ring (102a) located above.

4. The ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism (200) includes an assembly plate (201), a connecting piece (202), a first base plate (203), a support column (204), and a support plate (205). A rotating mechanism (100) with a horizontally arranged rotating axis is located above one side of another rotating mechanism (100). A connecting piece (202) extending upward is symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of the outer casing (101) with a vertically arranged axis. A connecting plate (202a) with a horizontally arranged axis is fixed at the free end of the connecting piece (202). A second mounting hole (202a-1) is arranged in a circumferential array on the end face of the connecting plate (202a). The assembly table (103a) has internal threaded holes (103a-1) arranged in a circumferential array on one end face away from the rotating column (103). The upper end of the support plate (205) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (205b) by bolts, and one end of the rotating shaft (205b) is fixed with a mating plate (205b-1). A third mounting hole is arranged in a circumferential array on one end face of the mating plate (205b-1). The second mounting hole (202a-1) on one of the connecting plates (202a) is horizontal to the axis and the internal threaded hole (103a-1) on the assembly table (103a) is fixed by bolts. The second mounting hole (202a-1) on the other connecting plate (202a) is fixed to the third mounting hole by bolts. An assembly plate (201) is coaxially arranged above an assembly table (103a) with a vertically arranged rotation axis. The assembly plate (201) has a first mounting hole (201b) arranged in a circumferential array, and the first mounting hole (201b) and the internal thread hole (103a-1) are fixed by bolts.

5. The ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A support column (204) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer casing (101) with the axis set horizontally. A second base plate (204a) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support column (204). A base strip (205a) is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the support plate (205). The second base plate (204a) and the base strip (205a) are both fixedly connected to the top surface of the first base plate (203).

6. The ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The top surface of the assembly plate (201) is provided with locking grooves (201a) arranged in a circumferential array.

7. An ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A fixed disk (103c) is coaxially fixed on the bottom surface of the rotating column (103), and a locking platform (103d) with an isosceles trapezoidal cross section is coaxially arranged below the fixed disk (103c). T-shaped columns (103d-1) are fixedly arranged in a circumferential array on the top surface of the locking platform (103d), and the free end of the T-shaped column (103d-1) is slidably sleeved on the fixed disk (103c). A first electromagnetic block (103e) is fixed in the middle of the bottom surface of the fixed disk (103c).

8. The ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table as described in claim 7, characterized in that: A first spring (103d-2) is slidably sleeved on the T-shaped post (103d-1) located between the fixed plate (103c) and the locking platform (103d).

9. The ultra-precision five-axis CNC rotary table as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The positioning ring (102a) in the lower fixing ring (102) is located at the upper end of the inner wall of the fixing ring (102), and the positioning ring (102a) abuts against the bottom surface of the fixing plate (103c).

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