Impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axle and preparation method of impact-resistant coating

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-impact coating for a high-speed rail axle and a preparation method of the anti-impact coating. A primer layer ensures firm adhesion between the coating and a base material and provides basic corrosion resistance; the transition layer relieves the performance difference between the primer layer and the buffer layer, and the overall stability is enhanced; the buffer layer effectively absorbs external impact force and protects the axle from being damaged; the polyurea functional layer endows the coating with high hardness, wear resistance and weather resistance, and adapts to a complex operating environment; the reinforcing layer further strengthens the mechanical property and the impact resistance of the coating system; the self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish paint layer provides a surface protection barrier, and has a self-repairing function to cope with slight damage. Through the synergistic effect of a multi-layer structure, excellent protection performance and long service life are achieved. Through scientific proportioning and process optimization of the functional layers, the coating can keep a stable protection effect under the conditions of dynamic load, atrocious weather and high-speed operation, so that the safety and reliability of the high-speed rail axle are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of impact-resistant coatings, in particular to an impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Impact-resistant coatings absorb or disperse impact energy, reducing damage to the substrate and extending service life. Depending on the material type, they are mainly divided into organic coatings (such as polyurethane, acrylic, and epoxy) and inorganic coatings (such as silicates and fluorides). Impact-resistant coatings can effectively resist mechanical impact, stone splashing, and other external impacts, making them particularly suitable for high-speed vehicles (such as trains and airplanes) and industrial equipment prone to wear and tear.

[0003] In the application of high-speed rail axles, impact-resistant coatings need to meet higher performance standards. Due to the extremely high speed of high-speed rail operation, the dynamic load and external impact force on the axle increase significantly, which poses strict requirements on the durability and stability of the coating.

[0004] Although the corrosion protection function of the axle surface coating can protect the axle from chemical corrosion, its impact resistance is weak and cannot effectively resist the dynamic impact generated during train operation, which can easily cause axle damage. Due to the insufficient impact resistance of the coating, the axle may exceed the safety inspection standard due to the accumulation of minor damage after long-term use, ultimately requiring scrapping, increasing operating costs. The axle needs frequent maintenance after damage, and the coating damage may accelerate the wear of other components, leading to an increase in maintenance frequency and workload. In summary, the existing coating has limitations in protection performance and durability. Therefore, the present application provides an impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles and a preparation method thereof. SUMMARY

[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides an impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles and a preparation method thereof, aiming to solve the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application realizes the following technical scheme: an impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles, at least comprising, from inside to outside: a primer layer, prepared by selecting bisphenol F epoxy resin as the main component; a buffer layer, made of flexible polyurethane material and adding hydrophobic fumed silica; a polyurea functional layer, enhanced by nano materials; a self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer for realizing the surface self-repairing function.

[0007] Preferably, the coating layer comprises a transition layer disposed between the primer layer and the buffer layer, the transition layer is composed of 20-30 parts of modified epoxy resin, 5-10 parts of elastomer particles, 2-4 parts of adhesion promoter, 1-2 parts of leveling aid, and the rest is solvent.

[0008] Preferably, the coating layer comprises a reinforcing layer disposed between the polyurea functional layer and the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer, the reinforcing layer is composed of glass fiber cloth and reinforcing coating, wherein the reinforcing coating is composed of 30-40 parts of epoxy resin, 10-15 parts of curing agent, 1-2 parts of coupling agent, 3-5 parts of toughening agent, and the rest is filler; the glass fiber cloth is compounded with the reinforcing coating in a layer-by-layer manner to form the reinforcing layer.

[0009] Preferably, the coating layer comprises the transition layer and the reinforcing layer.

[0010] Preferably, the primer layer is composed of 30-40 parts of bisphenol F epoxy resin, 15-20 parts of curing agent, 3-5 parts of silane coupling agent modified nano-silica, 15-20 parts of auxiliary agent, 8-12 parts of anticorrosive pigment, and the rest is deionized water.

[0011] Preferably, the buffer layer is composed of 40-50 parts of flexible polyurethane resin, 2-4 parts of hydrophobic fumed silica, 5-8 parts of toughening agent, 1-2 parts of dispersing agent, 0.5-1 parts of leveling agent, and the rest is solvent.

[0012] Preferably, the polyurea functional layer is composed of 60-70 parts of polyurea resin, 10-15 parts of nano-alumina filler, 3-5 parts of nano-carbon tube, 2-4 parts of ultraviolet absorber, 1-2 parts of antioxidant, and the rest is diluent.

[0013] Preferably, the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer is composed of 50-60 parts of fluorosilicon modified acrylic resin, 5-8 parts of microencapsulated self-repairing agent, 3-5 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, 2-4 parts of hydrophobic auxiliary agent, 3-5 parts of crosslinking agent, and the rest is organic solvent.

[0014] A preparation method of an impact-resistant coating for a high-speed rail axle, comprising the following steps: S1, high-speed rail axle pretreatment: pretreating the surface of the high-speed rail axle, including oil removal, rust removal and roughening treatment; S2, coating preparation: preparing primer layer, buffer layer, polyurea functional layer, self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer coatings according to the target coating structure, and preparing transition layer coating and reinforcing layer coating; S3, coating and curing the primer layer: coating the primer layer coating on the surface of the pretreated axle and curing to form the primer layer; S4, coating a transition layer: when preparing a coating containing a transition layer, after the primer layer is completely cured, a transition layer coating is coated and cured; S5, coating a buffer layer: a buffer layer is coated on the primer layer or the transition layer and cured; S6, coating a polyurea functional layer: a polyurea functional layer is coated on the buffer layer and cured; S7, laying a reinforcing layer: when preparing a coating containing a reinforcing layer, a glass fiber cloth is laid on the polyurea functional layer and a reinforcing layer coating is coated; S8, coating a self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer: a self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer is coated on the polyurea functional layer or the reinforcing layer and cured to form a final coating. Advantages

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: The primer layer ensures firm adhesion between the coating and the substrate and provides basic corrosion protection; the transition layer alleviates the performance difference between the primer layer and the buffer layer and enhances overall stability; the buffer layer effectively absorbs external impact force and protects the axle from damage; the polyurea functional layer endows the coating with high hardness, wear resistance and weather resistance, adapting to complex operating environments; the reinforcing layer further strengthens the mechanical properties and impact resistance of the coating system; and the self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer provides a surface protection barrier and has a self-repairing function to deal with minor damage.

[0016] Through the synergistic effect of the multi-layer structure, excellent protection performance and long service life are achieved, and through scientific proportioning and process optimization, each functional layer can maintain stable protection effect under dynamic load, severe weather and high-speed operating conditions, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of the high-speed rail axle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is the preparation flowchart of example 1 in the present application; Figure 2 is the preparation flowchart of example 2 in the present application; Figure 3 is the preparation flowchart of example 3 in the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0019] The application discloses an impact-resistant coating for a high-speed rail axle and a preparation method thereof. A primer layer is prepared by using bisphenol F epoxy resin as a main component, and the primer layer can ensure good adhesion between the coating and the high-speed rail axle base material and provide excellent corrosion resistance. The bisphenol F epoxy resin can deeply penetrate into micropores of the base material due to low viscosity and high permeability, form a solid bonding interface, and thus ensure the stability of the whole coating.

[0020] A buffer layer is made of flexible polyurethane material, and the flexible polyurethane material has good elasticity and toughness and can maintain stable performance under dynamic load. The addition of hydrophobic fumed silica further improves the waterproof performance of the buffer layer, thereby prolonging the service life of the coating. The buffer layer can effectively absorb and disperse external impact force, and reduce the damage risk of the coating and the axle base material.

[0021] A polyurea functional layer is enhanced by using nanomaterials. The polyurea functional layer can improve the hardness and wear resistance of the coating while maintaining good flexibility. In addition, the nanomaterials can not only enhance the mechanical properties of the polyurea functional layer, but also improve the weather resistance and anti-aging ability, so that the coating can still maintain stable protection effect in extreme environments.

[0022] A self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer is used to realize the surface self-repairing function. The self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer can realize the super-hydrophobic performance of the surface, effectively prevent the adhesion of water, dust and other pollutants, thereby reducing the erosion risk of the coating by the external environment. In addition, the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer has self-repairing ability, and when slightly scratched or damaged, the molecular chain can be rearranged and combined through external stimulation (such as heat, light, etc.), so as to quickly restore the integrity and functionality of the coating. The self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer not only improves the durability of the coating, but also reduces the later maintenance cost, and provides reliable protection for the high-speed rail axle in long-term high-speed operation.

[0023] Specifically, the coating includes a transition layer disposed between the primer layer and the buffer layer, the transition layer is composed of the following parts: 20-30 parts of modified epoxy resin, 5-10 parts of elastomer particles, 2-4 parts of adhesion promoter, 1-2 parts of leveling aid, and the rest is solvent. Among them, the modified epoxy resin can further enhance the chemical corrosion resistance of the coating; the elastomer particles provide better flexibility and impact resistance for the transition layer; the adhesion promoter can further optimize the bonding force between the transition layer and the primer layer and the buffer layer, ensuring that there is no delamination or peeling phenomenon during long-term use; the use of leveling aid makes the transition layer form a uniform and smooth surface during coating, reduces defects caused by improper construction, and at the same time improves the appearance and protection performance of the overall coating; the solvent can ensure that the coating can quickly form during the curing process and does not produce harmful gases. The cooperation of the above components not only effectively alleviates the physical and chemical differences between different functional layers, but also improves the stability and durability of the entire coating system, providing additional protection for the long-term operation of high-speed rail axles in complex working conditions.

[0024] Specifically, the coating includes a transition layer disposed between the primer layer and the buffer layer, the transition layer is composed of the following parts: 20-30 parts of modified epoxy resin, 5-10 parts of elastomer particles, 2-4 parts of adhesion promoter, 1-2 parts of leveling aid, and the rest is solvent. Among them, the modified epoxy resin can further enhance the chemical corrosion resistance of the coating; the elastomer particles provide better flexibility and impact resistance for the transition layer; the adhesion promoter can further optimize the bonding force between the transition layer and the primer layer and the buffer layer, ensuring that there is no delamination or peeling phenomenon during long-term use; the use of leveling aid makes the transition layer form a uniform and smooth surface during coating, reduces defects caused by improper construction, and at the same time improves the appearance and protection performance of the overall coating; the solvent can ensure that the coating can quickly form during the curing process and does not produce harmful gases. The cooperation of the above components not only effectively alleviates the physical and chemical differences between different functional layers, but also improves the stability and durability of the entire coating system, providing additional protection for the long-term operation of high-speed rail axles in complex working conditions.

[0025] Specifically, the coating simultaneously comprises a reinforcing layer and a transition layer; the reinforcing layer can effectively improve the structural stability and impact resistance of the whole coating, while the transition layer plays a good bridging role to ensure the connection stability of each layer, and the synergistic effect of the reinforcing layer and the transition layer not only optimizes the overall performance of the coating system, but also prolongs its service life under extreme working conditions.

[0026] Specifically, the primer layer is composed of the following components: bisphenol F epoxy resin 30-40 parts, curing agent 15-20 parts, silane coupling agent modified nano silicon dioxide 3-5 parts, additives 15-20 parts, anticorrosive pigment 8-12 parts, and the rest is deionized water. Bisphenol F epoxy resin can ensure good adhesion between the coating and the high-iron axle substrate, and at the same time provide excellent corrosion resistance; the addition of curing agent can promote the crosslinking reaction of bisphenol F epoxy resin, forming a more dense and stable coating structure, thereby further improving its chemical corrosion resistance; the addition of silane coupling agent modified nano silicon dioxide not only enhances the mechanical strength of the primer layer, but also improves the interfacial bonding between the primer layer and the substrate, so that the coating is not easy to fall off or peel off during long-term use; the addition of additives optimizes the construction performance of the primer layer, making it more uniform and easy to operate during coating, and at the same time improves the leveling and surface smoothness of the coating; the anticorrosive pigment forms a protective barrier on the surface of the coating through its special chemical composition, effectively blocking the intrusion of external corrosive media, prolonging the service life of the coating; deionized water as a solvent can ensure that the coating maintains appropriate fluidity during curing and reduces the release of harmful gases, meeting environmental protection requirements; the scientific proportioning and synergistic effect of the above components make the primer layer not only achieve efficient corrosion protection, but also lay a solid foundation for the construction of subsequent functional layers, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the whole coating system.

[0027] Specifically, the buffer layer is composed of the following parts: flexible polyurethane resin 40-50 parts, hydrophobic fumed silica 2-4 parts, toughening agent 5-8 parts, dispersing agent 1-2 parts, leveling agent 0.5-1 part, and the rest is solvent. The flexible polyurethane resin can provide good elasticity and toughness, so that the buffer layer maintains stable performance under dynamic load; the addition of hydrophobic fumed silica further improves the waterproof performance of the buffer layer, thereby prolonging the service life of the coating; the use of toughening agent enhances the impact resistance of the buffer layer, so that it is not easy to crack or delaminate when facing complex stress; the dispersing agent can ensure uniform distribution of each component during mixing, avoiding performance degradation due to excessive local concentration; the addition of leveling agent optimizes the surface flatness of the buffer layer, reduces possible defects during coating process, and improves the overall coating appearance and protective performance; the solvent can ensure the proper flowability of the coating during construction and curing, while reducing the release of harmful gases, meeting environmental protection requirements. The synergistic effect of the above components makes the buffer layer not only effectively absorb and disperse external impact force, but also provide a reliable intermediate protective layer for the entire coating system, ensuring the long-term stability of the high-speed rail axle under high-speed operation and complex working conditions.

[0028] Specifically, the polyurea functional layer is composed of the following parts: polyurea resin 60-70 parts, nano-alumina filler 10-15 parts, nano-carbon tube 3-5 parts, ultraviolet absorber 2-4 parts, antioxidant 1-2 parts, and the rest is diluent. The polyurea resin can provide excellent mechanical properties and chemical corrosion resistance, building a solid foundation for the coating system; the addition of nano-alumina filler improves the hardness and wear resistance of the coating, so that it can still maintain excellent protective effect under high-speed operation and frequent friction conditions; the addition of nano-carbon tube not only enhances the mechanical properties of the coating, but also improves its thermal conductivity and anti-static ability, thereby further improving the adaptability of the coating in extreme environments; the ultraviolet absorber can effectively shield the damage of ultraviolet light, delay the aging process of the coating, and prolong its service life; the antioxidant protects the internal structure of the coating from oxidative damage by inhibiting the occurrence of oxidation reaction, ensuring its long-term stability; the use of diluent optimizes the construction performance of the coating, making it have good leveling and uniformity during coating process, while reducing the release of harmful gases, meeting the green and environmental protection requirements. The scientific proportioning and synergistic effect of the above components make the polyurea functional layer not only achieve high hardness and wear resistance, but also maintain good flexibility, providing a reliable protective barrier for the long-term operation of the high-speed rail axle under complex working conditions.

[0029] Specifically, the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer is composed of fluorosilicon modified acrylic resin 50-60 parts, microencapsulated self-repairing agent 5-8 parts, nano-titanium dioxide 3-5 parts, hydrophobic additive 2-4 parts, crosslinking agent 3-5 parts, and the rest is organic solvent. The fluorosilicon modified acrylic resin can achieve excellent weather resistance and chemical corrosion resistance of the topcoat layer, while improving the adhesion of the coating; the microencapsulated self-repairing agent can trigger the release of repair substances through external stimulation when the coating is damaged, quickly fill the cracks or scratches, and thus restore the integrity and functionality of the coating; the nano-titanium dioxide not only enhances the hardness and wear resistance of the topcoat layer, but also endows it with good ultraviolet resistance, delaying the aging process of the coating; the hydrophobic additive further improves the super-hydrophobic performance of the topcoat layer, enabling it to effectively repel water, oil stains and other pollutants, reducing the erosion risk of the coating from the external environment; the addition of crosslinking agent ensures the formation of a dense network structure during the curing process of the coating, improving its durability and impact resistance; the organic solvent optimizes the application performance of the coating, making it have good leveling and uniformity during the coating process, while reducing the release of harmful gases, meeting environmental protection requirements. The reasonable combination of the above components enables the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer not only to achieve efficient protection function, but also to prolong the service life of the coating, providing reliable surface protection for high-speed rail axles under complex working conditions.

[0030] The primer layer ensures firm adhesion between the coating and the substrate, and provides basic corrosion protection; the transition layer alleviates the performance difference between the primer layer and the buffer layer, enhancing the overall stability; the buffer layer effectively absorbs external impact force, protecting the axle from damage; the polyurea functional layer endows the coating with high hardness, wear resistance and weather resistance, adapting to complex operating environments; the reinforcing layer further strengthens the mechanical properties and impact resistance of the coating system; the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer provides a surface protection barrier with self-repairing function to deal with minor damage. The impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles achieves excellent protection performance and long service life through the synergistic effect of the multi-layer structure. Through scientific proportioning and process optimization, each functional layer enables the coating to maintain stable protection effect under dynamic load, harsh weather and high-speed running conditions, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of high-speed rail axles. Example 1

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 A preparation method of an impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles, comprising the following steps: S1, high-speed rail axle pretreatment: pretreating the surface of the high-speed rail axle, including oil removal, rust removal and roughening treatment, to improve the adhesion performance of the coating; S2, coating preparation: preparing primer layer, buffer layer, polyurea functional layer, self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer coatings, and preparing transition layer coating and reinforcing layer coating according to the target coating structure; S3, coating and curing the primer layer: coat the primer layer paint on the pretreated axle surface and cure to form the primer layer, ensure uniform coating thickness and no bubbles or defects during coating; S4, coating the transition layer: after the primer layer is completely cured, coat the transition layer paint and cure to ensure good bonding between the transition layer and the primer layer and the buffer layer, strictly control the environmental humidity and temperature during coating to avoid affecting the coating performance; S5, coating the buffer layer: coat the buffer layer on the primer layer or the transition layer and cure; S6, coating the polyurea functional layer: coat the polyurea functional layer on the buffer layer and cure; S7, coating the reinforcing layer: lay glass fiber cloth on the polyurea functional layer and coat the reinforcing layer paint; S8, coating the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer: finally coat the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer and cure to form the final coating. Example 2

[0032] Please refer to Figure 2 A method for preparing an impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles, comprising the following steps: S1, pretreatment of high-speed rail axle: pretreat the surface of the high-speed rail axle, including oil removal, rust removal and roughening treatment, to improve the adhesion of the coating; S2, paint preparation: according to the target coating structure, prepare primer layer, buffer layer, polyurea functional layer, self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer paint, and prepare transition layer paint; S3, coating and curing the primer layer: coat the primer layer paint on the pretreated axle surface and cure to form the primer layer, ensure uniform coating thickness and no bubbles or defects during coating; S4, coating the transition layer: when the transition layer is set, coat the transition layer paint after the primer layer is completely cured, and cure to ensure good bonding between the transition layer and the primer layer and the buffer layer, strictly control the environmental humidity and temperature during coating to avoid affecting the coating performance; S5, coating the buffer layer: coat the buffer layer on the primer layer or the transition layer and cure; S6, coating the polyurea functional layer: coat the polyurea functional layer on the buffer layer and cure; S7, coating the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer: finally coat the self-repairing super-hydrophobic topcoat layer and cure to form the final coating. Example 3

[0033] Please refer to Figure 3 A method for preparing an impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles, comprising the following steps: S1, high-speed rail axle pretreatment: pretreatment of the surface of the high-speed rail axle, including oil removal, rust removal and roughening treatment, to improve the adhesion performance of the coating; S2, coating preparation: according to the target coating structure, respectively prepare the primer layer, buffer layer, polyurea functional layer, self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer coating, and prepare the reinforcing layer coating; S3, coating and curing the primer layer: coating the primer layer coating on the pretreated axle surface and curing to form the primer layer, ensuring uniform coating thickness and no bubbles or defects during the coating process; S4, coating the buffer layer: coating the buffer layer on the primer layer and curing; S5, coating the polyurea functional layer: coating the polyurea functional layer on the buffer layer and curing; S6, coating the reinforcing layer: laying glass fiber cloth on the polyurea functional layer and coating the reinforcing layer coating; S7, coating the self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer: finally coating the self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer and curing to form the final coating.

[0034] The above examples are evaluated from the angles of impact strength, interface bonding characteristics, flexibility, hardness and elastic modulus, and environmental adaptability, and the results are shown in the following table: Evaluation index Example 1 (complete structure) Example 2 (without reinforcing layer) Example 3 (without transition layer) Impact resistance Strong (double protection of buffer layer and reinforcing layer, glass fiber cloth provides skeletal support, optimal impact resistance) Medium (buffer layer absorbs energy, no glass fiber cloth reinforcement, moderate impact resistance) Strong (combination of buffer layer and reinforcing layer, impact resistance comparable to Example 1) Interface bonding characteristics Strong (transition layer optimizes interlayer bonding and reinforcing layer coupling agent improves interface, strongest bonding) Strong (retains transition layer, good interlayer bonding performance, comparable to Example 1) General (lack of transition layer, large differences in interlayer physical and chemical properties, risk of delamination) Flexibility Good (buffer layer flexible polyurethane and transition layer elastomer particles and nano polyurea inherent flexibility, good overall flexibility) Good (comparable to Example 1, excellent structural flexibility) General (lack of transition layer elastomer particles, overall flexibility slightly lower than Example 1) Hardness and elastic modulus High (nano-alumina / carbon tube and topcoat nano-titanium dioxide reinforcement, high hardness and moderate modulus) High (complete functional layer structure, same performance as Example 1) High (complete functional layer structure, same performance as Example 1) Environmental adaptability Excellent (super-hydrophobic topcoat self-repairing and buffer layer hydrophobic and primer corrosion-resistant and each layer UV-resistant and antioxidant, optimal overall performance) Excellent (complete topcoat and functional layers, same environmental adaptability as Example 1) Excellent (complete topcoat and functional layers, same environmental adaptability as Example 1) In summary, Example 1 performs the most outstanding in various evaluation indicators, and its complete structure design ensures excellent performance in impact strength, interface bonding characteristics, flexibility, etc., especially in impact strength and interface bonding characteristics. Although Example 2 lacks a reinforcing layer, it still maintains a high level of overall performance due to the retention of the transition layer and buffer layer, and only slightly lags behind Example 1 in impact strength. In contrast, Example 3 lacks a transition layer, which has certain deficiencies in interface bonding characteristics and flexibility, but its impact resistance can still reach a level comparable to Example 1 through the combination of the buffer layer and the reinforcing layer. Therefore, Example 1 is the best solution.

[0035] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification are all existing technologies known to those skilled in the art.

[0036] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting; it is not intended to exclude myriad other embodiments of the present application that other inventors can develop based on the same general inventive concepts embodied by the described embodiments. That is, although the present application is described in terms of particular embodiments and illustrative figures, it should be apparent that the scope of the present application is not limited to these specific embodiments.

[0037] While the embodiments of the application have been shown and described herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments can be made without departing from the principles and spirits of the application, and it is intended that the scope of the application be limited solely by the scope of the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A shock-resistant coating for high-speed railway axles, characterized in that, At least comprising, from inside to outside in turn: A primer layer, which is prepared by using bisphenol F epoxy resin as main component; A buffer layer, which is made of flexible polyurethane material and adds hydrophobic fumed silica; A polyurea functional layer, which is enhanced by nano materials; A self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer, which is used to realize the surface self-repairing function.

2. The impact-resistant coating for high-speed railway axles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating comprises a transition layer arranged between the primer layer and the buffer layer, and the transition layer is composed of the following components in the following proportions Modified epoxy resin 20-30 parts, elastomer particles 5-10 parts, adhesion promoter 2-4 parts, leveling aid 1-2 parts, and the rest is solvent.

3. The impact-resistant coating for a high-speed rail axle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The coating comprises a reinforcing layer arranged between the polyurea functional layer and the self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer, and the reinforcing layer is composed of glass fiber cloth and reinforcing coating, wherein the reinforcing coating is composed of the following components in the following proportions: epoxy resin 30-40 parts, curing agent 10-15 parts, coupling agent 1-2 parts, toughening agent 3-5 parts, and the rest is filler; the glass fiber cloth is compounded with the reinforcing coating in a layering manner to form the reinforcing layer.

4. The impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating simultaneously comprises the transition layer of claim 2 and the reinforcing layer of claim 3.

5. The impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The primer layer is composed of the following components in the following proportions Bisphenol F epoxy resin 30-40 parts, curing agent 15-20 parts, silane coupling agent modified nano silica 3-5 parts, auxiliary agent 15-20 parts, anticorrosive pigment 8-12 parts, and the rest is deionized water.

6. The impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer layer is composed of the following components in the following proportions Flexible polyurethane resin 40-50 parts, hydrophobic fumed silica 2-4 parts, toughening agent 5-8 parts, dispersing agent 1-2 parts, leveling agent 0.5-1 part, and the rest is solvent.

7. The impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyurea functional layer is composed of the following components in the following proportions: polyurea resin 60-70 parts, nano alumina filler 10-15 parts, nano carbon tube 3-5 parts, ultraviolet absorber 2-4 parts, antioxidant 1-2 parts, and the rest is diluent.

8. The impact-resistant coating for high-speed rail axles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer is composed of the following components in the following proportions: fluorosilicon modified acrylic resin 50-60 parts, microencapsulated self-repairing agent 5-8 parts, nano titanium dioxide 3-5 parts, hydrophobic aid 2-4 parts, crosslinking agent 3-5 parts, and the rest is organic solvent.

9. A process for the production of an impact-resistant coating for high-iron railway axles as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The method comprises the following steps: S1, high-speed rail axle pretreatment: pretreating the surface of the high-speed rail axle, including oil removal, rust removal and roughening treatment; S2, coating preparation: according to the target coating structure, respectively preparing primer layer, buffer layer, polyurea functional layer, self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer coating, and according to claim 2 or 4, preparing transition layer coating, and according to claim 3 or 4, preparing reinforcing layer coating; S3, coating and curing primer layer: coating the primer layer coating on the pretreated axle surface and curing to form the primer layer; S4, coating transition layer: when preparing the coating containing the transition layer according to claim 2 or 4, coating the transition layer coating and curing after the primer layer is completely cured; S5, coating buffer layer: coating the buffer layer on the primer layer or the transition layer and curing; S6, coating polyurea functional layer: coating the polyurea functional layer on the buffer layer and curing; S7, laying the reinforcing layer: when preparing the coating with reinforcing layer according to claim 3 or 4, laying a glass fiber cloth on the polyurea functional layer and coating the reinforcing layer coating; S8, coating the self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer: coating the self-repairing super-hydrophobic finish layer on the polyurea functional layer or the reinforcing layer and curing to form the final coating.

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