A check type flood control and drainage sluice for embankment and a drainage method

Abstract

The application provides a check type flood control and drainage sluice for embankment and a drainage method, the check type flood control and drainage sluice comprises a concrete base, check type drainage valves and gate side columns; the check type drainage valve comprises a pressure difference opening and closing cavity, a drainage channel, an inner protective net and an outer protective net; the check type drainage valve is multiple, is uniformly arranged at the lower part of the concrete base and forms a one-way water retaining structure with the concrete base. The check type drainage valve is arranged on the concrete base, without a traditional opening and closing gate, one-way drainage to a river channel is realized through the check type drainage valve under the action of a water head difference, without artificial management, only a water head difference is needed to realize drainage, management efficiency is greatly improved, especially when tidal water and waterlogging occur together, the tidal water is prevented from flowing back, waterlogging is timely drained through the check type drainage valve and the flood control and drainage capacity of the embankment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of urban drainage and dike flood control, specifically a backflow prevention flood control and drainage gate and drainage method for dikes. Background Technology

[0002] Typhoons, rainstorms and other weather conditions can easily cause urban flooding, high tides and river floods. Flood control and drainage gates are often built where urban waterways connect with the sea and rivers. Flood control and drainage are achieved by opening and closing the gates.

[0003] However, the sluice gates require manual monitoring. When closed, they cannot drain water, and when open, drainage flows from the side with higher water levels to the side with lower water levels, making automated and precise one-way drainage control impossible. Furthermore, during typhoons and heavy rains, the sluice gates must be opened to drain floodwater, but if high tides occur simultaneously and the gates are not closed in time, seawater can flow back through them, further exacerbating the flooding.

[0004] For flood prevention, Ganzhou relies on the highly effective urban drainage system designed by the ancient water management expert Liu Yi—the Fushou Ditch. Its principle is that after water flows through the Fushou Ditch to ponds, it is stored and settled before being discharged into the Zhangjiang and Gongjiang rivers via 12 "water gates" built along the riverbanks around the city walls. The "water gates" are ingeniously designed; when the river water level exceeds the inner level, the gates automatically close. Conversely, when the river water level is lower, the gates are automatically opened, forming a scientific drainage chain. These "water gates" are opened by the difference in water levels on both sides, requiring no manual management and achieving one-way drainage.

[0005] In water storage, water conveyance, and water diversion projects, check valves are commonly used as a unidirectional drainage measure to address the anti-buoyancy stability problem of structural layers caused by changes in groundwater levels. However, most check valves, such as ball check valves and flap check valves, have shortcomings such as strict requirements for installation direction, high construction precision requirements, inflexible opening and closing, and poor long-term performance, making them unsuitable for gate structures. Cheng Yonghui et al. invented a differential pressure amplification check valve device and application method (ZL201310426546.9), which achieves unidirectional drainage through differential pressure control, requiring no external force and having no directional requirements. However, its internal opening and closing structure and water transfer mechanism are relatively complex, making manufacturing and processing difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing flood control and drainage gates by providing a non-return type flood control and drainage gate and drainage method for dikes. By combining the non-return drainage valve with a concrete base, drainage can be achieved unidirectionally into the river channel under the influence of head difference without the need for traditional gate opening and closing. This maintains a relatively consistent water level on both sides of the gate, eliminating the need for manual management. Drainage is achieved simply by the presence of a head difference, significantly improving management efficiency. Especially when tides and flooding occur simultaneously, it prevents tidal backflow while promptly draining floodwater through the non-return drainage valve, thereby enhancing the flood control and drainage capacity of the dike.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A backflow prevention flood control and drainage gate for dikes includes a concrete base, a backflow prevention drainage valve, and gate side columns;

[0009] The check valves are multiple and are evenly arranged in the lower part of the concrete base, forming a one-way water-blocking structure with the concrete base.

[0010] The gate side columns are reinforced concrete structures, with one side connected to a concrete base and the other side connected to a dike or water-retaining structure, forming an overall water-retaining frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the check valve is a cylindrical one-way drainage structure, including a differential pressure opening and closing chamber, a drainage channel, an inner protective net and an outer protective net, with a diameter of 1-2 meters; the differential pressure opening and closing chamber is connected to the drainage channel, and the main components are made of PVC material or stainless steel.

[0012] Furthermore, the differential pressure opening and closing chamber is convex in shape with an opening at the top, and a lower limiting plate with an opening at the bottom, through which water flows into the chamber; an elastic diaphragm is provided in the chamber, which is made of impermeable elastic rubber and can undergo elastic deformation between the lower limiting plate and the upper limiting plate under pressure.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the elastic diaphragm is fixedly connected to the hollow connecting rod, and the top of the connecting rod is connected to the rubber waterstop ring to seal the upper outlet of the drainage channel; the lower part of the connecting rod has a water inlet hole, and the water flow from the outside enters the pressure difference opening and closing chamber through the water inlet hole, so that the two sides of the elastic diaphragm are in contact with the inner and outer water heads respectively, and the pressure difference drives the elastic diaphragm to deform and drive the connecting rod to open and close the drainage channel.

[0014] Furthermore, the inner and outer protective nets are made of metal and are respectively installed at the inner inlet and outer outlet of the drainage channel to prevent debris larger than 5mm from entering the differential pressure opening and closing chamber.

[0015] Furthermore, the concrete base is equipped with a steel reinforcement skeleton, which is welded to the steel reinforcement structure of the gate side column. The bottom of the base is embedded into the foundation of the dike to a depth of not less than 1.5 meters, and the overall anti-buoyancy stability coefficient is ≥1.2.

[0016] A method for achieving unidirectional drainage using the aforementioned flood control and drainage gate includes the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: Formation of water head pressure difference

[0018] The outer water flow enters the differential pressure opening and closing chamber through the hollow channel and water inlet of the connecting rod, and acts on the outer surface of the elastic diaphragm; the inner water flow enters the differential pressure opening and closing chamber through the opening of the lower limit plate, and acts on the inner surface of the elastic diaphragm, forming an inner and outer water head pressure difference ΔH, where ΔH = inner water head - outer water head;

[0019] Step 2: Valve opening and closing control

[0020] When ΔH≤0, the elastic diaphragm deforms downward under external pressure, causing the connecting rod and rubber waterstop to move downward and seal the outer outlet of the drainage channel;

[0021] When ΔH>0, the elastic diaphragm deforms upward under the action of internal pressure, which drives the connecting rod and the rubber water stop ring to move upward, opening the outer outlet of the drainage channel;

[0022] Step 3: One-way drainage execution

[0023] Based on the opening and closing status in step 2, only the water flow inside is allowed to be discharged to the outside through the drainage channel; when the outside is alternately peaked and troughed, ΔH changes periodically, driving the valve to open and close at high frequency, so as to achieve the synergy of dynamic drainage and backflow prevention.

[0024] Furthermore, the threshold range of the pressure difference ΔH mentioned in step 1 is 0.1-0.3m. When ΔH > 0.1m, the elastic diaphragm is triggered to deform upward and open the drainage channel.

[0025] Furthermore, the compression of the rubber waterstop ring in step 2 is 5-10mm, and the contact pressure with the sealing surface of the drainage channel outlet is ≥0.2MPa, ensuring no leakage when closed.

[0026] Furthermore, the response time of the dynamic drainage described in step 3 is ≤10 seconds. Under typhoon and rainstorm conditions, the drainage flow rate of a single check valve is 0.5-2 m³ / s, and the total flow rate can be linearly superimposed when multiple valves are arranged in parallel.

[0027] The backstop flood control and drainage gate for dikes proposed in this invention has the following improvements and advantages over previous flood control and drainage technologies:

[0028] (1) The present invention uses a check valve to connect the water flow on both sides of the gate inside the valve. The relative pressure difference in the opening and closing chamber is used to open the drainage channel when the water head on the inner side is higher than that on the outer side, and close it when the water head on the inner side is lower than that on the outer side. This allows for one-way drainage into the river without opening the gate, and drainage can be achieved without setting up a traditional gate that needs to be opened and closed manually, which greatly improves management efficiency.

[0029] (2) The present invention uses a non-return drainage valve instead of a traditional gate, so that the non-return flood control and drainage gate remains closed under normal conditions and when floods pass through, and can achieve a certain flow of drainage and flood control; when typhoons and rainstorms cause tidal and waterlogging to occur at the same time, it can ensure a certain unidirectional drainage flow under the action of wind and waves, while preventing tidal and flood backflow.

[0030] (3) This invention eliminates the need for human management, reducing labor costs. Only periodic inspections of the check valve are required, and maintenance or disassembly and replacement are performed according to usage conditions, which improves the service life of the gate and reduces the cost of use and maintenance. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is an elevation view of a backstop flood control and drainage gate for dikes according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a backstop flood control and drainage gate for dikes according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the backflow prevention and drainage valve structure of a backflow prevention flood control and drainage gate for dikes according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the water flow in the closed state of a backflow prevention flood control and drainage gate for dikes according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water flow in the open state of a backflow prevention flood control and drainage gate for dikes according to the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 1—Concrete base; 2—Check valve; 3—Gate side column; 4—Differential pressure opening and closing chamber; 5—Drainage channel; 6—Inner protective net; 7—Outer protective net; 8—Lower limit plate; 9—Elastic diaphragm; 10—Upper limit plate; 11—Connecting rod; 12—Rubber waterstop ring; 13—Water inlet hole. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1-3This invention provides a backflow prevention flood control and drainage gate for dikes, including a concrete base 1, backflow prevention drainage valves 2, and gate side columns 3. There are multiple backflow prevention drainage valves 2, which are evenly arranged in the lower part of the concrete base 1, forming a one-way water-blocking structure with the concrete base 1.

[0039] Please refer to further information. Figure 3 The check valve 2 is a cylindrical valve with a one-way drainage structure, including a differential pressure opening and closing chamber 4, a drainage channel 5, an inner protective net 6 and an outer protective net 7, with a diameter of 1-2 meters; the main components such as the differential pressure opening and closing chamber 4 and the drainage channel 5 are made of durable PVC material or stainless steel.

[0040] Please refer to further information. Figures 4 to 5 The differential pressure opening and closing chamber 4 is convex in shape with an opening at the top, and a circular lower limit plate 8 with a recessed opening at the bottom, through which water flow can enter from the inside. An elastic diaphragm 9, made of waterproof elastic rubber material, is installed inside the differential pressure opening and closing chamber 4. It can elastically deform between the lower limit plate 8 and the upper limit plate 10 under pressure. The elastic diaphragm 9 is connected to the connecting rod 10 and moves together. The connecting rod 11 is a hollow rod with an enlarged top section connected to the rubber water stop ring 12. It is used to seal the upper outlet of the drainage channel. A water inlet hole 13 is opened at the bottom to allow water from the outside to flow into the differential pressure opening and closing chamber 4, so that the two sides of the elastic diaphragm 9 are connected to the inner and outer water sources respectively. The deformation according to the pressure difference drives the connecting rod 11 to open and close the drainage channel 5.

[0041] The gate side column 3 is generally a reinforced concrete structure, with one side connected to the concrete base 1 and the other side connected to the embankment or water-retaining structure.

[0042] The inner protective net 6 and the outer protective net 7 are metal protective nets with a certain mesh count (e.g., 4 mesh), used to prevent objects larger than a certain size in the water from entering the pressure differential opening and closing chamber 4 and causing blockage.

[0043] This invention utilizes the one-way drainage capability of the check valve 2 to achieve drainage when the gate is closed. The outer water flow enters the differential pressure opening and closing chamber 4 through the hollow vertical channel of the connecting rod 11 and the lower inlet hole 13, causing the pressure of the outer water head to act on the outer surface of the elastic diaphragm 9. Simultaneously, the inner water flow enters the differential pressure opening and closing chamber 4 through the opening on the lower limit plate 8, causing the pressure of the inner water head to act on the inner surface of the elastic diaphragm 9, forming a pressure difference ΔH between the inner and outer water heads, where ΔH = inner water head - outer water head. When the outer water head is higher than the inner water head (ΔH ≤ 0), the elastic diaphragm 9 moves downward under the greater external pressure, causing the connecting rod 11 and the upper rubber water-stop ring 12 to move downward, closing the outer outlet of the drainage channel 5. When the outer water head is lower than the inner water head (ΔH > 0), the elastic diaphragm 9 moves upward under the action of greater internal pressure, driving the connecting rod 11 and the upper rubber waterstop ring 12 upward, opening the outer outlet of the drainage channel 5, allowing the inner water to flow outward through the drainage channel 5, thus achieving unidirectional drainage. In one embodiment, the threshold range of the pressure difference ΔH is 0.1-0.3m. When ΔH > 0.1m, the elastic diaphragm 9 is triggered to deform upward, opening the drainage channel 5.

[0044] When typhoons and rainstorms cause both floods and waterlogging, the concrete base 1 blocks the water flow so that it can only pass through the check valve 2, ensuring one-way water stoppage to the outside and preventing backflow of floodwater. At the same time, because the floodwater caused by wind and waves has peaks and troughs, when the trough arrives, the water head inside the gate is higher than the water head outside, and the check valve 2 opens to drain water one-way to the outside, achieving timely drainage.

[0045] This invention also provides a method for achieving unidirectional drainage using the flood control and drainage gate, which includes the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Formation of water head pressure difference

[0047] The outer water flow enters the differential pressure opening and closing chamber 4 through the hollow channel of the connecting rod 11 and the water inlet 13, and acts on the outer surface of the elastic diaphragm 9; the inner water flow enters the differential pressure opening and closing chamber 4 through the opening of the lower limit plate 8, and acts on the inner surface of the elastic diaphragm 9, forming an inner and outer water head pressure difference ΔH, where ΔH = inner water head - outer water head.

[0048] Step 2: Valve opening and closing control

[0049] When ΔH≤0 (outer water head≥inner water head), the elastic diaphragm 9 deforms downward under external pressure, causing the connecting rod 11 and the rubber waterstop ring 12 to move downward, sealing the outer outlet of the drainage channel 5; the compression of the rubber waterstop ring 12 is 5-10mm, and the contact pressure with the sealing surface of the drainage channel 5 outlet is ≥0.2MPa, ensuring no leakage in the closed state.

[0050] When ΔH > 0 (inner water head > outer water head), the elastic diaphragm 9 deforms upward under the action of internal pressure, which drives the connecting rod 11 and the rubber water stop ring 12 to move upward, opening the outer outlet of the drainage channel 5.

[0051] Step 3: One-way drainage execution

[0052] Based on the opening and closing status in step 2, only the inner water flow is allowed to be discharged to the outer side through the drainage channel 5. When the outer side experiences alternating peaks and troughs, ΔH changes periodically, driving the valve to open and close at high frequency, thus achieving a synergistic effect of dynamic drainage and backflow prevention. The response time of the dynamic drainage is ≤10 seconds. Under typhoon and rainstorm conditions, the drainage flow rate of a single check valve 2 is 0.5-2 m³ / s, and the total flow rate can be linearly superimposed when multiple valves are arranged in parallel.

[0053] This invention achieves the following technical effects by uniformly arranging multiple check valves at the bottom of a concrete base, forming a one-way water-blocking structure with the base:

[0054] 1. Automated one-way drainage: Without the need for traditional gate opening and closing, the drainage channel is automatically controlled by the pressure difference opening and closing chamber and elastic diaphragm structure of the check valve through the difference in water head inside and outside, realizing one-way drainage from the inside to the river channel without the need for manual management, which greatly improves the efficiency of emergency response.

[0055] 2. Synergistic Flood Control and Drainage: When tides / floods and waterlogging occur simultaneously, the concrete base prevents backflow of water from the outside. The check valve automatically opens to drain water during the trough period (when the water head on the inside is higher than on the outside) and closes to stop water flow during the peak period (when the water head on the outside is higher than on the inside), thus solving the "opening and closing contradiction" of traditional gates and meeting the needs of backflow prevention and drainage at the same time.

[0056] 3. Structural reliability: The check valve adopts a PVC or stainless steel body, metal protective mesh and elastic rubber diaphragm, which has strong corrosion resistance and the protective mesh can prevent debris from clogging, ensuring long-term stable operation and reducing maintenance costs.

[0057] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A backflow prevention flood control and drainage gate for dikes, characterized in that, Includes a concrete base (1), a check valve (2), and a gate side column (3); The check valve (2) consists of multiple valves, which are evenly arranged in the lower part of the concrete base (1) to form a one-way water-blocking structure with the concrete base (1). The gate side column (3) is a reinforced concrete structure, with one side connected to the concrete base (1) and the other side connected to the dike or water-retaining structure to form an overall water-retaining frame; The check valve (2) is a cylindrical one-way drainage structure, including a differential pressure opening and closing chamber (4), a drainage channel (5), an inner protective net (6) and an outer protective net (7), with a diameter of 1-2 meters; the differential pressure opening and closing chamber (4) is connected to the drainage channel (5), and the main components are made of PVC material or stainless steel. The differential pressure opening and closing chamber (4) is convex in shape with an opening at the top and a lower limit plate (8) with an opening at the bottom. Water flows into the chamber through the opening. An elastic diaphragm (9) is provided in the chamber. It is made of impermeable elastic rubber and can undergo elastic deformation between the lower limit plate (8) and the upper limit plate (10) under pressure. The bottom of the elastic diaphragm (9) is fixedly connected to the hollow connecting rod (11), and the top of the connecting rod (11) is connected to the rubber water stop ring (12) to seal the upper outlet of the drainage channel (5). The lower part of the connecting rod (11) has a water inlet hole (13). The water flow from the outside enters the pressure difference opening and closing chamber (4) through the water inlet hole (13), so that the two sides of the elastic diaphragm (9) are in contact with the inner and outer water heads respectively. The pressure difference drives the elastic diaphragm (9) to deform and drives the connecting rod (11) to open and close the drainage channel (5).

2. The flood control and drainage gate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner protective net (6) and the outer protective net (7) are made of metal and are respectively set at the inner inlet and outer outlet of the drainage channel (5) to block debris larger than 5mm from entering the differential pressure opening and closing chamber (4).

3. The flood control and drainage gate as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The concrete base (1) has a steel reinforcement skeleton inside, which is welded to the steel reinforcement structure of the gate side column (3). The bottom of the base is embedded into the foundation of the dike at a depth of not less than 1.5 meters, and the overall anti-buoyancy stability coefficient is ≥1.

2.

4. A method for achieving unidirectional drainage using the flood control and drainage gate according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Formation of water head pressure difference The outer water flow enters the differential pressure opening and closing chamber (4) through the hollow channel and water inlet (13) of the connecting rod (11) and acts on the outer surface of the elastic diaphragm (9); the inner water flow enters the differential pressure opening and closing chamber (4) through the opening of the lower limit plate (8) and acts on the inner surface of the elastic diaphragm (9), forming an inner and outer water head pressure difference ΔH, where ΔH = inner water head - outer water head; Step 2: Valve opening and closing control When ΔH≤0 (outer water head≥inner water head), the elastic diaphragm (9) deforms downward under external pressure, causing the connecting rod (11) and the rubber water stop ring (12) to move downward and close the outer outlet of the drainage channel (5); When ΔH > 0 (inner water head > outer water head), the elastic diaphragm (9) deforms upward under the action of internal pressure, which drives the connecting rod (11) and the rubber water stop ring (12) to move upward, opening the outer outlet of the drainage channel (5); Step 3: One-way drainage execution Based on the opening and closing status in step 2, only the water flow inside is allowed to be discharged to the outside through the drainage channel (5); when the outside is alternately peaked and troughed, ΔH changes periodically, driving the valve to open and close at high frequency, so as to achieve the synergy of dynamic drainage and backflow prevention.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The threshold range of the pressure difference ΔH mentioned in step 1 is 0.1-0.3m. When ΔH>0.1m, the elastic diaphragm (9) is triggered to deform upward and open the drainage channel (5).

6. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The compression of the rubber waterstop ring (12) in step 2 is 5-10mm, and the contact pressure with the sealing surface of the drainage channel (5) outlet is ≥0.2MPa to ensure no leakage in the closed state.

7. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The response time of the dynamic drainage described in step 3 is ≤10 seconds. Under typhoon and rainstorm conditions, the drainage flow of a single check valve (2) is 0.5-2 m³ / s. When multiple valves are arranged in parallel, the total flow can be linearly superimposed.

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