Sliding shock absorber of graded shock absorber

Abstract

The sliding shock absorber comprises a sliding shock absorption part, a friction shock absorption part and a pressure bearing plate, the sliding shock absorption part is arranged on the right lower side of the pressure bearing plate and comprises a pressure bearing framework, a first-stage shock absorption module, a second-stage shock absorption module and a supporting rod, and the upper end of the pressure bearing framework is connected with the pressure bearing plate in a bearing mode; a first-stage damping module is arranged on the lower side of the pressure-bearing framework; the friction damping piece comprises an upper support, a lower support, a double-end damping rod, friction roller pieces A, friction roller pieces B, a first linkage arm, a second linkage arm, a first shaft sleeve and a second shaft sleeve, the upper support and the lower support are arranged in a mirror image mode, the friction roller pieces A and the friction roller pieces B are rotationally installed between the upper support and the lower support, the friction roller pieces A are located on the two sides of the friction roller piece B, and the second linkage arm is located between the first shaft sleeve and the second shaft sleeve. And each of the friction roller piece A and the friction roller piece B comprises two roller rods which are in contact friction. Through the innovative grading effect of the sliding damping piece and the friction damping piece, the precise damping effect can be provided under the complex vibration condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of shock absorbers, specifically a sliding shock absorber for a graded shock absorber. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of urbanization, the number and scale of various building structures are gradually increasing. The seismic performance of buildings, bridges, and other infrastructure, especially in earthquake-prone areas, is receiving increasing attention. In environments with strong earthquakes and frequent vibrations, building structures are subjected to significant dynamic loads, leading to displacement, deformation, and even damage. Therefore, effectively reducing vibration transmission and protecting building structures from the effects of earthquakes or other vibration sources has become a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed in modern construction engineering.

[0003] Traditional earthquake-resistant technologies primarily rely on the rigid design of buildings, enhancing their earthquake resistance by reinforcing walls, foundations, and other structural elements. However, this approach is often ineffective against moderate-intensity and high-frequency vibrations because it mainly relies on increasing structural stiffness to resist vibrations rather than mitigating their propagation. This results in vibration energy not being effectively absorbed and may even cause resonance within the building, thus exacerbating the impact of the vibrations.

[0004] To address this issue, vibration damping technology has become an important direction in modern seismic design in recent years. Vibration damping technology, through the installation of specialized damping devices, can effectively absorb external vibration energy, reducing the energy transmitted to the building and thus minimizing the impact of vibration on the structure. Common vibration damping technologies include friction damping, hydraulic damping, and elastic damping, which have been widely applied in various types of buildings and infrastructure.

[0005] The following is the publicly available technology regarding existing shock absorbers:

[0006] 1) Publication No. CN108999308B discloses a sliding damper for a graded damper. In this technical application, it includes a sliding damper, a spring damper, and a connecting member between the sliding damper and the spring damper. The connecting member activates the spring damper when the sliding damper stops moving. The sliding damper includes a first steel plate group and a second steel plate group. The first steel plate group consists of two parallel steel plates. The two steel plates are symmetrically perforated with wedge receiving holes that allow the wedge to move along the extension direction of the spring connecting the two wedges. The wedge connected by the spring is located in the wedge receiving holes. The second steel plate group consists of two parallel steel plates. The distance between the two steel plates allows the first steel plate group to slide along the inner wall of the second steel plate. The two steel plates are symmetrically perforated with wedge fixing holes that allow the wedge to be ejected. A shaft hole is provided behind the wedge fixing hole along the sliding direction.

[0007] 2) Publication No. CN108049516A discloses a graded shock absorber with a shape memory alloy spring. This application includes a sliding shock absorber, a spring shock absorber, and a connector linking the sliding and spring shock absorbers. The spring in the spring shock absorber is made of shape memory alloy. The advantage is that it can adaptively dissipate energy regardless of whether it encounters vibrations of smaller or larger intensity. Therefore, by using a connector, energy is dissipated through sliding friction during small vibrations and through the spring during large vibrations. The connector's adaptive selection based on vibration intensity greatly expands the application range of the shock absorber.

[0008] 3) Publication No. CN109208775A discloses a spring-loaded shock absorber with graded vibration damping. This technology includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. The outer sleeve is a horizontally placed hollow cylinder with one side of its bottom surface unclosed. The inner sleeve is a horizontally placed hollow cylinder with a smaller diameter than the outer sleeve, also with one side of its bottom surface unclosed, and is positioned inside the outer sleeve with its unclosed bottom surface facing the closed bottom surface of the outer sleeve. The effect is that it can adaptively dissipate energy regardless of whether it encounters vibrations of smaller or larger intensity. Therefore, by using connecting parts, sliding friction dissipates energy during small vibrations, while springs dissipate energy during large vibrations. The connecting parts are selected adaptively according to the vibration intensity, thus greatly expanding the application range of the shock absorber.

[0009] While the aforementioned existing technologies can achieve a certain degree of vibration damping, their adaptability to vibration is insufficient, especially when faced with significant variations in vibration intensity and frequency, resulting in unstable and unsustainable damping effects. Furthermore, existing designs also suffer from issues with the coordination and response speed of their damping mechanisms, failing to accurately address multiple vibration modes. For example, while the shape memory alloy spring in CN108049516A can adaptively adjust, its energy dissipation efficiency may be lower than that of hydraulic damping or other highly efficient damping devices under larger vibration amplitudes, leading to weaker damping effects during stronger vibrations. CN108999308B exhibits damping instability; the spring damper only activates when the sliding damper stops moving. This means that during the damper transition phase (i.e., when the sliding damper is stationary), it may not react quickly or continue damping, resulting in unstable and unsustainable damping effects at high vibration intensities. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sliding damper of a graded damper. Through the graded action of sliding damping components and friction damping components, combined with the optimized design of hydraulic viscous dampers and frictional forces, it not only effectively improves damping efficiency and energy dissipation capacity, but also provides precise damping effect under complex vibration conditions.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a sliding damper for a graded damper, comprising a sliding damping component, a friction damping component, and a pressure plate, wherein the sliding damping component and the friction damping component achieve damping through vertical sliding and horizontal oscillating friction, respectively.

[0012] The sliding damper is located directly below the pressure plate. The sliding damper includes a pressure frame, a primary damping module, a secondary damping module, and a support rod. The upper end of the pressure frame supports the pressure plate, and the primary damping module is located on the lower side of the pressure frame.

[0013] The friction damping component includes an upper bracket, a lower bracket, a double-headed damping rod, friction roller A, friction roller B, a first linkage arm, a second linkage arm, a first bushing, and a second bushing. The upper bracket and the lower bracket are arranged in a mirror image. Friction roller A and friction roller B are rotatably mounted between the upper bracket and the lower bracket. Friction roller A is located on both sides of friction roller B. Both friction roller A and friction roller B include two rollers that are in contact with each other.

[0014] Prioritizing the horizontal sliding of the sliding damping component and the left-right oscillating friction of the friction damping component, the shock absorber can not only cope with horizontal vibrations (left and right) but also adapt to a certain degree of vertical vibration (up and down), achieving simultaneous adaptation to multiple vibration modes. It can react quickly when vibration occurs and provide appropriate damping effects at different stages, enhancing its adaptability to complex vibrations.

[0015] Preferably, the primary shock absorption module includes an upper support plate and a lower support plate that are arranged in parallel. An adjustment hole is provided in the middle of the upper support plate and the lower support plate, and multiple support springs are connected between the upper support plate and the lower support plate.

[0016] Preferably, support rods are provided at the four corners of the lower side of the lower support plate, and the lower end face of the upper support plate protrudes downward to form a buffer groove. The buffer groove is adapted to the pressure-bearing frame, and a buffer spring is provided in the buffer groove. The pressure-bearing frame extends into the buffer groove and is connected to the buffer spring.

[0017] Preferably, the secondary damping module includes a damping bracket and a connecting rod. A movable support is provided on the bottom side of the damping bracket. The damping bracket is a hydraulic viscous damper. A connecting rod is installed at the piston rod end of the damping bracket. This connecting rod extends from the adjustment hole in the middle of the upper and lower support plates and connects to the pressure-bearing frame through a ball joint. The hydraulic viscous damper can efficiently convert vibration energy into heat energy and effectively reduce vibration amplitude through viscous force, ensuring a smooth transition during the damping process.

[0018] Preferably, the aforementioned graded structure employing a primary damping module and a secondary damping module allows the damping process to gradually alleviate vibrations at different amplitudes and frequencies, thereby effectively coping with external vibrations of varying intensities. Specifically, the primary damping module, through the cooperation of support springs and buffer grooves with buffer springs, initially absorbs vibrations in the early stages, providing rapid energy dissipation. The secondary damping module further absorbs and alleviates vibrations through a hydraulic viscous damper, exhibiting a stronger damping effect, particularly under larger or higher frequency vibrations, further reducing structural displacement and vibration.

[0019] Preferably, the first bushing and the second bushing are respectively fitted onto the ends of friction roller A and friction roller B that extend out of the upper bracket. The first bushing and the second bushing are respectively connected to the outer side of the first linkage arm and the second linkage arm. The second linkage arm is provided with a mounting hole at its front end. The second linkage arm is fitted onto the outer side of the support rod through the mounting hole. The first shaft is provided in the middle of the second linkage arm.

[0020] Preferably, the first linkage arm also has a second shaft on the same horizontal line as the first shaft. Two sets of double-headed damping rods are provided; the front ends of the two sets of double-headed damping rods are coaxially fixedly sleeved on the first shaft, and the rear ends of the two sets of double-headed damping rods are coaxially fixedly sleeved on the first linkage arm. When the pressure-bearing frame vibrates and swings left and right, the second linkage arm drives the two sets of double-headed damping rods and friction roller A to perform the first stage of buffering. The double-headed damping rods then drive the two sets of first linkage arms, causing the first linkage arms to drive the friction roller B to rotate and rub, thus achieving the second stage of frictional damping and buffering.

[0021] Preferably, the friction damping component utilizes the friction between friction rollers A and B, in conjunction with the movement of the double-headed damping rod, to not only provide initial vibration buffering but also further enhance the damping effect when the vibration is strong through a linkage mechanism. By adjusting the rotation of the friction rollers and the friction force, the friction damping component can precisely control the propagation of vibration during vibration, reducing the impact of vibration on the building.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] This invention, through the innovative graded action of sliding and friction damping components, combined with the optimized design of hydraulic viscous dampers and frictional forces, not only effectively improves damping efficiency and energy dissipation capacity, but also provides precise damping effects under complex vibration conditions.

[0024] The specific technical effects include the following:

[0025] 1. The graded vibration damper of this invention can provide a rapid response when vibration occurs. Through the interaction of the primary and secondary damping modules, it ensures that vibration energy is effectively absorbed and converted in a short time. This not only reduces the direct impact of vibration on the building, but also reduces the building's displacement and improves its stability.

[0026] 2. This invention utilizes a dual damping mechanism of sliding and friction damping components, fully leveraging the advantages of both sliding friction and hydraulic damping to ensure the continuity and stability of the damping effect. The sliding damping component is suitable for initial vibration absorption, while the friction damping component provides stronger damping as vibration intensifies. The two damping mechanisms work together at different stages and intensities of vibration, effectively extending the service life of the damper and improving its damping performance. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding damping component and the friction damping component in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding damper in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the sliding damper in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the friction damping component in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 1. Pressure plate;

[0034] 2. Sliding damping component; 21. Pressure-bearing frame; 22. Primary damping module; 221. Upper support plate; 222. Lower support plate; 223. Support spring; 224. Waist hole adjustment hole; 225. Buffer groove; 23. Secondary damping module; 231. Damping bracket; 232. Connecting rod; 24. Support rod;

[0035] 3. Friction damping component; 31. Upper bracket; 32. Lower bracket; 33. Double-headed damping rod; 34. Friction roller component A; 35. Friction roller component B; 36. First bushing; 37. Second bushing; 38. First linkage arm; 39. Second linkage arm. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] Please see Figures 1-2 The present invention provides a technical solution: a sliding damper of a graded damper, comprising a sliding damping component 2, a friction damping component 3 and a pressure plate 1, wherein the sliding damping component 2 and the friction damping component 3 achieve damping by sliding up and down and swinging left and right respectively.

[0040] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-4 In this embodiment, the sliding damper 2 is disposed on the lower side of the pressure plate 1. The sliding damper 2 includes a pressure-bearing frame 21, a primary damping module 22, a secondary damping module 23, and a support rod 24. The upper end of the pressure-bearing frame 21 supports the pressure plate 1, and the primary damping module 22 is disposed on the lower side of the pressure-bearing frame 21. The primary damping module 22 includes an upper support plate 221 and a lower support plate 222 that are distributed in parallel. An adjustment hole 224 is opened in the middle of the upper support plate 221 and the lower support plate 222. Multiple support springs 223 are connected between the upper support plate 221 and the lower support plate 222. Support rods 24 are disposed at the four corners of the lower side of the lower support plate 222. The lower end face of the upper support plate 221 protrudes downward and forms a buffer groove 225. The buffer groove 225 is adapted to the pressure-bearing frame 21. A buffer spring is disposed in the buffer groove 225. The pressure-bearing frame 21 extends into the buffer groove 225 and is connected to the buffer spring.

[0041] In this embodiment, the secondary damping module 23 includes a damping bracket 231 and a connecting rod 232. The damping bracket 231 has a movable support on its bottom side. The damping bracket 231 is a hydraulic viscous damper. The connecting rod 232 is installed at the piston rod end of the damping bracket 231. This connecting rod 232 extends from the waist-hole adjustment hole 224 between the upper support plate 221 and the lower support plate 222 and connects to the pressure-bearing frame 21 via a ball joint. The hydraulic viscous damper can efficiently convert vibration energy into heat energy and effectively reduce vibration amplitude through viscous force, ensuring a smooth transition during the damping process.

[0042] In this embodiment, the aforementioned graded structure of a primary damping module 22 and a secondary damping module 23 allows the damping process to gradually alleviate vibrations at different amplitudes and frequencies, thereby effectively coping with external vibrations of varying intensities. Specifically, the primary damping module 22, through the cooperation of the support spring 223 and the buffer groove 225 with the buffer spring, initially absorbs vibrations in the early stages, providing rapid energy dissipation. The secondary damping module 23 further absorbs and alleviates vibrations through a hydraulic viscous damper, especially under larger or higher frequency vibrations, where it can exert a stronger damping effect, further reducing the displacement and vibration of the structure.

[0043] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 In this embodiment, the friction damping component 3 includes an upper support 31, a lower support 32, a double-headed damping rod 33, a friction roller A34, a friction roller B35, a first linkage arm 38, a second linkage arm 39, a first bushing 36, and a second bushing 37. The upper support 31 and the lower support 32 are arranged in a mirror image. The friction roller A34 and the friction roller B35 are rotatably mounted between the upper support 31 and the lower support 32. The friction roller A34 is located on both sides of the friction roller B35. Both the friction roller A34 and the friction roller B35 include two rollers that are in contact with each other.

[0044] In this embodiment, through the horizontal sliding of the sliding damper 2 and the left-right swinging friction of the friction damper 3, the damper can not only cope with horizontal vibrations (left and right) but also adapt to a certain degree of vertical vibration (up and down), achieving simultaneous adaptation to multiple vibration modes. It can react quickly when vibration occurs and provide appropriate damping effects at different stages, enhancing its adaptability to complex vibrations.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first bushing 36 and the second bushing 37 are respectively sleeved on the ends of friction roller A34 and friction roller B35 that extend out of the upper bracket 31. The outer sides of the first bushing 36 and the second bushing 37 are respectively connected to the first linkage arm 38 and the second linkage arm 39. The second linkage arm 39 is provided with a mounting hole at its front end. The second linkage arm 39 is sleeved on the outer side of the support rod 24 through the mounting hole. The second linkage arm 39 is provided with a first shaft in the middle.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first linkage arm 38 is also provided with a second shaft on the same horizontal line as the first shaft. Two sets of double-headed damping rods 33 are provided; the front ends of the two sets of double-headed damping rods 33 are coaxially fixedly sleeved on the first shaft, and the rear ends of the two sets of double-headed damping rods 33 are coaxially fixedly sleeved on the first linkage arm 38. When the pressure-bearing frame 21 vibrates and swings left and right, the second linkage arm 39 drives the two sets of double-headed damping rods 33 and the friction roller A34 to perform the first-stage buffering action. The double-headed damping rods 33 also drive the two sets of first linkage arms 38, causing the first linkage arms 38 to drive the friction roller B35 to rotate and rub, thus achieving the second-stage friction damping and buffering.

[0047] In this embodiment, the friction damper 3 utilizes the friction between friction rollers A34 and B35, in conjunction with the movement of the double-headed damping rod 33, to not only provide initial vibration buffering but also further enhance the damping effect when the vibration is strong through a linkage mechanism. By adjusting the rotation of the friction rollers and the friction force, the friction damper 3 can precisely control the propagation of vibration during vibration, reducing the impact of vibration on the building.

[0048] The shock absorber of this invention employs a graded damping technology, combining the synergistic effect of sliding damping element 2 and friction damping element 3 to achieve efficient vibration absorption and damping. Its core principle is to gradually mitigate vibration at different stages through two damping mechanisms (sliding damping and friction damping), ensuring effective protection of the structure under vibrations of varying intensities and frequencies. The detailed damping logic and working principle are as follows:

[0049] Working principle of sliding damper 2:

[0050] The function of the primary damping module 22 (initial shock absorption): The primary damping module 22 works in conjunction with the support spring 223 and the buffer spring in the buffer groove 225 to provide rapid energy dissipation in the initial stage of vibration. The support spring 223 acts immediately when vibration occurs, absorbing a portion of the vibration energy through elastic deformation. At the same time, the buffer groove 225 works in synergy with the buffer spring to further reduce the vibration amplitude by preventing the rapid propagation of vibration and preventing the vibration from intensifying instantly. This design effectively provides initial vibration mitigation and reduces the initial impact of vibration on the building structure.

[0051] The function of the secondary damping module 23 (continuous damping): The secondary damping module 23 adopts a hydraulic viscous damper. Its working principle is to use the viscous force generated by the flow of liquid under the push of the piston rod to convert the mechanical energy of vibration into heat energy, thereby effectively reducing the vibration amplitude and smoothing the transition. When the vibration amplitude is large or the vibration frequency is high, the hydraulic viscous damper can provide a strong energy dissipation capacity, further reducing the displacement and vibration of the building, and ensuring the continuity and stability of the damping effect.

[0052] Advantages of the graded damping structure: The graded structure, employing primary and secondary damping modules 23, can flexibly provide appropriate damping effects based on the intensity and frequency of vibration. In the initial stage of vibration, the primary damping module 22 quickly absorbs vibration energy; as the vibration intensifies, the secondary damping module 23 (hydraulic damper) provides stronger damping capacity, ensuring optimal protection for the building under different vibration conditions.

[0053] Working principle of friction damping component 3: Friction damping component 3 mainly includes friction roller A34 and friction roller B35, as well as double-headed damping rod 33. Friction rollers A34 and B rotate between the upper support 31 and the lower support 32, and absorb vibrations through friction. The force generated by friction is transmitted and adjusted through the double-headed damping rod 33, which can effectively mitigate vibrations and reduce their impact on buildings.

[0054] The damping effect is achieved through a two-stage design: the friction damper 3 is designed to provide damping in two stages. The first stage, through the contact friction between friction rollers A34 and B35, gently absorbs vibrations in the initial stages. As the vibration intensifies, friction rollers A34 and B, in conjunction with the double-headed damping rod 33, drive the first linkage arm 38 for further adjustment, generating greater friction for the second stage of damping. This staged friction not only precisely controls vibration propagation at each stage but also adapts to different vibration amplitudes and frequencies through friction adjustment, ensuring a more precise damping effect.

[0055] Adaptability to lateral and vertical vibrations: In this embodiment, the design of the friction damping component 3 enables the damper to simultaneously cope with horizontal vibrations (left and right) and a certain degree of vertical vibrations (up and down). Through the cooperation of the friction roller and the linkage mechanism, the friction damping component 3 can not only effectively alleviate horizontal vibrations, but also maintain effective operation under vertical vibrations, increasing the versatility and adaptability of the damper. When the structure swings left and right during vibration, the second linkage arm 39 drives the double-headed damping rod 33 and the friction roller A34 for the first stage of buffering, and further utilizes the double-headed damping rod 33 to drive the first linkage arm 38, so that the friction roller B35 generates stronger frictional force, realizing the second stage of friction damping and buffering.

[0056] Combining the sliding damping of Example 1 with the friction damping of Example 2, the vibrations of different intensities and frequencies are effectively absorbed and mitigated. Through this graded and phased damping principle, the damper can provide precise and continuous damping protection under various vibration conditions, ensuring the stability and safety of buildings and structures.

[0057] All standard parts used in this invention can be purchased commercially, and irregularly shaped parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods for each part all employ conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding, which are mature technologies in the prior art. The machinery, parts, and equipment all use conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connections also use conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be detailed here. Any content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0058] In the description of this invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. "A plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sliding damper for a graded damper, characterized in that, The components include a sliding damper (2), a friction damper (3), and a pressure plate (1). The sliding damper (2) and the friction damper (3) achieve damping by sliding up and down and swinging left and right, respectively. The sliding damper (2) is located on the underside of the pressure plate (1). The sliding damper (2) includes a pressure frame (21), a primary damping module (22), a secondary damping module (23), and a support rod (24). The upper end of the pressure frame (21) supports the pressure plate (1), and the primary damping module (22) is located on the lower side of the pressure frame (21). The friction damping component (3) includes an upper bracket (31), a lower bracket (32), a double-headed damping rod (33), a friction roller A (34), a friction roller B (35), a first linkage arm (38), a second linkage arm (39), a first bushing (36), and a second bushing (37). The upper bracket (31) and the lower bracket (32) are arranged in a mirror image. The friction roller A (34) and the friction roller B (35) are rotatably installed between the upper bracket (31) and the lower bracket (32). The friction roller A (34) is located on both sides of the friction roller B (35).

2. The sliding damper of the graded damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary shock absorption module (22) includes an upper support plate (221) and a lower support plate (222) arranged in parallel. An adjustment hole (224) is provided in the middle of the upper support plate (221) and the lower support plate (222). Multiple support springs (223) are connected between the upper support plate (221) and the lower support plate (222).

3. The sliding damper of the graded damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: Support rods (24) are provided at the four corners of the lower side of the lower support plate (222). The lower end face of the upper support plate (221) protrudes downward and forms a buffer groove (225). The buffer groove (225) is adapted to the pressure-bearing frame (21). A buffer spring is provided in the buffer groove (225). The pressure-bearing frame (21) extends into the buffer groove (225) and is connected to the buffer spring.

4. The sliding damper of the graded damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary damping module (23) includes a damping bracket (231) and a connecting rod (232). The damping bracket (231) is equipped with a movable support on its bottom side. The damping bracket (231) is a hydraulic viscous damper. The connecting rod (232) is installed on the piston rod end of the damping bracket (231). The connecting rod (232) extends from the waist hole adjustment hole (224) in the middle of the upper support plate (221) and the lower support plate (222) and is connected to the pressure-bearing frame (21) through the ball head.

5. The sliding damper of the graded damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both friction roller A (34) and friction roller B (35) include two rollers that are in contact with each other.

6. The sliding damper of the graded damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bushing (36) and the second bushing (37) are respectively fitted onto one end of the friction roller A (34) and friction roller B (35) extending out of the upper bracket (31), and the first linkage arm (38) and the second linkage arm (39) are respectively connected to the outside of the first bushing (36) and the second bushing (37).

7. The sliding damper of the graded damper according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second linkage arm (39) has a mounting hole at its front end. The second linkage arm (39) is fitted onto the outside of the support rod (24) through the mounting hole. The second linkage arm (39) has a first shaft in the middle.

8. The sliding damper of the graded damper according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first linkage arm (38) is also provided with a second shaft that is on the same horizontal line as the first shaft. There are two sets of double-headed damping rods (33). The front ends of the two sets of double-headed damping rods (33) are coaxially fixedly sleeved on the first shaft, and the rear ends of the two sets of double-headed damping rods (33) are coaxially fixedly sleeved on the first linkage arm (38).

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