Anti-typhoon offshore wind power blade structure and method based on bionics

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power blades, in particular to a bionics-based anti-typhoon offshore wind power blade structure and method.The bionics-based anti-typhoon offshore wind power blade structure comprises a blade mechanism, a supporting mechanism and a mounting mechanism, and the supporting mechanism comprises a bionic supporting assembly, a blade tip anti-interference assembly and two wind pressure sensing assemblies; supporting beams and reinforcing ribs in the existing bionic supporting assembly enhance the structural strength of the blade by referring to a beam-rib bearing structure of an insect exoskeleton, anti-corrosion coatings are added inside and outside a blade mechanism, the corrosion resistance is improved, a motor and an anti-interference plate in the blade tip anti-interference assembly are matched, the airflow track of the tip end of the blade is changed, and the blade tip anti-interference effect is improved. According to the wind power blade, the vortex formed by strong wind is scattered, the impact force and lift force borne by the blade are reduced, the blade deformation risk is reduced, and the problems that the wind power blade is limited in application range, not suitable for offshore power generation, poor in typhoon resistance and low in safety are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind turbine blade technology, and in particular to a biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure and method. Background Technology

[0002] With rapid economic development, people's demand for electricity is constantly increasing, and the capacity of wind turbines and the scale of wind power generation are also expanding accordingly. Because wind turbines are typically tall and prominent, often located in open fields or mountainous areas, lightning strikes are one of the main factors affecting their safe operation. The blades are the most vulnerable component to lightning strikes. In the case of a lightning strike, the existing blade structure has a certain probability of generating induced charges around the grounding lead under the influence of the strong electric field of the downward lightning leader. The accumulated charges form a column discharge, and the charges on the grounding lead further form an upward leader, creating a discharge path with the downward lightning leader. Since the grounding lead is located inside the blade, the resulting column discharge and the discharge path formed by the downward lightning leader easily break down the blade. A large amount of high-temperature lightning arc merges into the breakdown location, easily leading to lightning damage to the blade.

[0003] However, among the aforementioned existing technologies, wind turbine blades have limited applicability, are not suitable for offshore power generation, have poor typhoon resistance, and low safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure and method, which aims to solve the problems of limited applicability of existing wind turbine blades, unsuitability for offshore power generation, poor typhoon resistance, and low safety.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure and method, comprising a blade mechanism, a support mechanism, and an installation mechanism. The support mechanism includes a biomimetic support component, a blade tip anti-interference component, and two wind pressure sensing components. Both wind pressure sensing components are fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and located on the inner wall of the blade mechanism. The blade tip anti-interference component is fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and located at one end of the blade mechanism. The biomimetic support component is fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and located on the inner side of the blade mechanism.

[0006] The biomimetic support assembly includes two support beams and two reinforcing ribs. One of the support beams is fixedly connected to the two reinforcing ribs and is located at one end of the two reinforcing ribs. The other end of the two reinforcing ribs is fixedly connected to the other support beam and is located on one side of the other support beam. The other support beam is fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and is located inside the blade mechanism.

[0007] The blade tip anti-interference component includes a shroud, an anti-interference plate, and a motor. The motor and the shroud are both fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and located at the end of the blade mechanism away from the mounting mechanism. The anti-interference plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor.

[0008] The flow guide includes a cover body and two cover rings. One of the cover rings is detachably connected to the blade mechanism and is located at one end of the blade mechanism. The cover body is fixedly connected to one of the cover rings and is located on one side of the cover ring. The other cover ring is fixedly connected to the cover body and is located on one side of the cover body.

[0009] Each of the wind pressure sensing components has a cavity to accommodate multiple wind pressure sensors, data aggregation units, and transmission chips.

[0010] The blade mechanism includes a first blade and a second blade. The second blade is fixedly connected to the first blade and located at one end of the first blade. The other end of the first blade is fixedly connected to the mounting mechanism and located on one side of the mounting mechanism. Both the first blade and the second blade are airfoil-shaped. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first blade gradually decreases along the direction away from the mounting mechanism, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second blade gradually decreases along the direction away from the first blade.

[0011] The first and second blades are provided with a buffer insulation layer and an anti-corrosion layer on their surfaces, and the surfaces of the first and second blades are smooth.

[0012] The mounting mechanism includes a mounting post, a mounting ring, and multiple screws. Each screw is threadedly connected to the mounting ring and is located on one side of the mounting ring. The mounting ring is fixedly connected to the mounting post and is located on one side of the mounting post. The mounting post is fixedly connected to the first blade and is located on one side of the first blade.

[0013] The mounting ring has multiple screw holes, the inner diameter of each screw hole is adapted to the outer diameter of the corresponding screw, and the inner wall of each screw hole is provided with an anti-loosening thread structure.

[0014] This invention also provides a biomimetic-based method for typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blades:

[0015] Each wind pressure sensor of the two wind pressure sensing components collects wind pressure data in different regions of the first blade and the second blade in real time. After being aggregated by the data aggregation unit, the data is sent to the pitch control system via a wireless transmission chip and then transmitted to the main control system of the nacelle.

[0016] The pitch control system analyzes the received wind pressure data. When it detects that the wind pressure value exceeds the preset safety threshold, it determines that it is in typhoon condition and then sends a control command to the motor.

[0017] The motor drives the anti-interference plate to deflect to a preset typhoon-resistant angle according to the command, while the bionic support component improves the structural strength of the first blade and the second blade through its own load-bearing capacity;

[0018] During a typhoon, the wind pressure sensing module continuously transmits wind pressure data, and the wind power control terminal dynamically adjusts the deflection angle of the anti-interference plate according to the data changes. When the wind pressure value drops below the safe threshold, the motor is controlled to drive the anti-interference plate to reset, and the first blade and the second blade return to normal operation.

[0019] This invention discloses a biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure and method. The support beam and reinforcing rib within the biomimetic support assembly are designed to enhance the structural strength of the blade by referencing the "beam-rib" load-bearing structure of an insect exoskeleton. Anti-corrosion coatings are added inside and outside the blade structure to improve corrosion resistance. In conjunction with the motor and anti-disruption plate within the blade tip anti-disruption assembly, the airflow trajectory at the blade tip is altered, the vortex formed by strong winds is dispersed, the impact force and lift on the blade are reduced, and the risk of blade deformation is minimized. This design solves the problems of limited applicability of wind turbine blades, unsuitability for offshore power generation, poor typhoon resistance, and low safety. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a front view of a biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 A sectional view along line AA.

[0024] Figure 4 This is the invention Figure 3 BB line section view.

[0025] Figure 5 This is the invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at point C.

[0026] Figure 6This is the invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the local structure at point D.

[0027] Figure 7 This is the invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the local structure at point E.

[0028] 101-Blade mechanism, 102-Support mechanism, 103-Mounting mechanism, 104-Bionic support component, 105-Blade tip anti-interference component, 106-Wind pressure sensing component, 107-Support beam, 108-Reinforcing rib, 109-Diffuser, 110-Anti-interference plate, 111-Motor, 112-Cover body, 113-Cover ring, 114-Cavity, 115-First blade, 116-Second blade, 117-Buffer insulation layer, 118-Anti-corrosion layer, 119-Mounting post, 120-Mounting ring, 121-Screw, 122-Screw hole. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figures 1-7 ,in Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view of a biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is the invention Figure 2 AA-line sectional view, Figure 4 This is the invention Figure 3 BB line section view, Figure 5 This is the invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at point C. Figure 6 This is the invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the local structure at point D. Figure 7 This is the invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of the local structure at point E.

[0031] This invention provides a biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure, including a blade mechanism 101, a support mechanism 102, and an installation mechanism 103. The support mechanism 102 includes a biomimetic support component 104, a blade tip anti-interference component 105, and two wind pressure sensing components 106. The biomimetic support component 104 includes two support beams 107 and two reinforcing ribs 108. The blade tip anti-interference component 105 includes a shroud 109, an anti-interference plate 110, and a motor 111. The shroud 109 includes a cover body 112 and two cover rings 113. Each wind pressure sensing component 106 has a cavity 114. The blade mechanism 101 includes a first blade body 115 and a second blade body 116, with the surfaces of the first blade body 115 and the second blade body 116 having... The device includes a buffer heat insulation layer 117 and an anti-corrosion layer 118. After the first blade 115 and the second blade 116 are formed and cured, the buffer heat insulation layer 117 is first uniformly sprayed on the inner and outer surfaces. The material is ceramic fiber reinforced silicone rubber, and the spray thickness is 1.5-2mm. It can resist the thermal stress caused by the instantaneous high temperature of lightning strikes and the temperature difference between day and night in the ocean. After the buffer heat insulation layer 117 dries, the anti-corrosion layer 118 is sprayed on. It uses polyvinyl fluoride fluorocarbon coating, and the spray thickness is 0.8-1mm. The salt spray test tolerance time is ≥5000h, which can effectively isolate the corrosion of seawater, humidity and chloride ions in the marine atmosphere. The installation mechanism 103 includes a mounting post 119, a mounting ring 120 and multiple screws 121. The mounting ring 120 has multiple screw holes 122.

[0032] In this specific embodiment, the motor 111 and the guide vane 109 are both fixedly connected to the blade mechanism 101. The anti-interference plate 110 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 111. One of the cover rings 113 is detachably connected to the blade mechanism 101. The cover body 112 is fixedly connected to one of the cover rings 113, and the other cover ring 113 is fixedly connected to the cover body 112. The second blade 116 is fixedly connected to the first blade 115. The other end of the first blade 115 is fixedly connected to the mounting mechanism 103. Each screw 121 is threadedly connected to the mounting ring 120. The mounting ring 120 is fixedly connected to the mounting post 119, and the mounting post 119 is fixedly connected to the first blade 115. The support beam 107 in the currently installed bionic support assembly 104... The frame formed by the two support beams and the two reinforcing ribs of the biomimetic support assembly, along with the reinforcing rib 108, strictly follows the airfoil curvature design of the first and second blades. The support beams, fixedly connected to the inner wall of the blade, have an arc-shaped curved structure that conforms to the gradual change in cross-section of the first blade from the root to the middle and the second blade from the middle to the tip, much like the shape of an insect's thorax exoskeleton conforming to its body contour. This avoids local stress concentration caused by misalignment between the support structure and the blade surface. In conjunction with the motor 111 and the anti-interference plate 110 within the blade tip anti-interference assembly 105, it alters the airflow trajectory at the blade tip, disperses the vortices formed by strong winds, reduces the impact and lift on the blade, and minimizes the risk of blade deformation. This design solves the problems of limited applicability of wind turbine blades, unsuitability for offshore power generation, poor typhoon resistance, and low safety.

[0033] One of the support beams 107 is located at one end of the two reinforcing ribs 108, and the other end of the two reinforcing ribs 108 is located on one side of the other support beam 107. The other support beam 107 is located inside the blade mechanism 101. The motor 111 and the deflector 109 are both located at the end of the blade mechanism 101 away from the mounting mechanism 103. The biomimetic support component 104 borrows from the "beam-rib" load-bearing structure of insect exoskeletons to enhance the overall rigidity and deformation resistance of the blade mechanism 101. Both support beams 107 are made of carbon fiber composite material, with a rectangular cross-section and dimensions of 80mm × 100mm. 40mm; the two reinforcing ribs 108 are also made of carbon fiber, with a trapezoidal cross-section, 30mm wide at the top, 50mm wide at the bottom, and 40mm high; after the anti-disruption plate 110 deflects, it can change the airflow trajectory at the blade tip, disperse the vortex formed by strong wind, reduce the impact force and lift on the blade, and reduce the risk of blade deformation; the biomimetic support component 104, through its "triangular stable support structure" and the load-bearing capacity of high-strength carbon fiber, evenly transfers the wind pressure load borne by the blade to the installation mechanism 103, effectively improving the overall structural strength of the first blade 115 and the second blade 116, and avoiding structural damage caused by local stress concentration.

[0034] Secondly, one of the cover rings 113 is located at one end of the blade mechanism 101, the cover body 112 is located on one side of one of the cover rings 113, the other cover ring 113 is located on one side of the cover body 112, the second blade 116 is located at one end of the first blade 115, and the other end of the first blade 115 is located on one side of the mounting mechanism 103. The cover body 112 adopts a streamlined design, which can reduce wind resistance under normal operating conditions, and at the same time provide protection for the motor 111 and the anti-interference plate 110. The cover body 112 is made of glass fiber reinforced polypropylene, with a wall thickness of 6-8mm, a conical shape, a taper of 1:5, and a smooth surface. The cover body 112 and the two cover rings 113 are fixedly connected by welding. A sealing strip is provided at the connection between 112 and one of the cover rings 113 to prevent seawater from seeping in; the other cover ring 113 is fixedly connected to the free end of the cover body 112 to enhance the structural strength of the end of the cover body 112; the motor 111 is a waterproof servo motor; two wind pressure sensing components 106 are symmetrically installed on the inner walls of the first blade 115 and the second blade 116 to collect wind pressure data in different areas of the blade in real time, providing a basis for typhoon control; each cavity 114 is provided with 4-6 wind pressure sensors, evenly distributed on different sides of the cavity 114, which can collect wind pressure data from different directions of the blade; the data aggregation unit uses a microcontroller to filter, amplify and summarize the raw data collected by multiple wind pressure sensors.

[0035] Meanwhile, the surfaces of the first blade 115 and the second blade 116 are smooth. Each screw 121 is located on one side of the mounting ring 120. The mounting ring 120 is located on one side of the mounting post 119. The mounting post 119 is located on one side of the first blade 115. The mounting ring 120 is a metal ring with an inner diameter that matches the outer diameter of the mounting post 119 and an outer diameter that matches the mounting hole of the wind turbine hub. A plurality of screw holes 122 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the mounting ring 120. The inner diameter of each screw hole 122 matches the outer diameter of the corresponding screw 121.

[0036] In this embodiment, a typhoon test was conducted in a wind tunnel to simulate typhoon conditions. The maximum deformation displacement of the blade was 80 mm, far below the design limit, and no damage such as cracks or delamination was observed in the structure. In the static load test, when the blade root was subjected to a maximum bending moment of 1200 kN·m, the maximum stress was 280 MPa, which is less than the material yield strength of 320 MPa, meeting the design requirements. The blade sample was placed in a salt spray test chamber for 5000 hours. The anti-corrosion layer 118 showed no blistering or peeling, the blade substrate showed no rust, and the electrical components functioned normally, verifying its adaptability to the marine environment. In a field test at an offshore wind farm in southeastern coastal my country, when Typhoon Muifa passed, the wind turbine blade using the structure of this invention operated stably, maintaining a power generation of 60%-70% of normal operating conditions. In contrast, traditional blades, due to insufficient typhoon resistance, saw their power generation drop to 30%-40% of normal operating conditions, and some blades showed tip deformation damage. The advantages of this invention are significant.

[0037] This invention is applicable to offshore wind farms in tropical and subtropical coastal areas worldwide, especially to high-risk sea areas with ≥3 typhoon landfalls per year and maximum wind speeds ≥40m / s. It can effectively improve the service life and operational safety of offshore wind turbine blades and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0038] This invention also provides a biomimetic-based method for typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blades:

[0039] Each wind pressure sensor of the two wind pressure sensing components 106 collects wind pressure data in different areas of the first blade 115 and the second blade 116 in real time. After being aggregated by the data aggregation unit, the data is sent to the pitch control system through the wireless transmission chip and then transmitted to the nacelle main control system.

[0040] The pitch control system analyzes the received wind pressure data. When it detects that the wind pressure value exceeds the preset safety threshold, it determines that it is in typhoon condition and then sends a control command to the motor 111.

[0041] The motor 111 drives the anti-interference plate 110 to deflect to a preset typhoon-resistant angle according to the command, while the bionic support component 104 improves the structural strength of the first blade 115 and the second blade 116 through its own load-bearing capacity.

[0042] During a typhoon, the wind pressure sensing module continuously transmits wind pressure data, and the wind power control terminal dynamically adjusts the deflection angle of the anti-interference plate 110 according to the data changes. When the wind pressure value drops below the safe threshold, the motor 111 is controlled to drive the anti-interference plate 110 to reset, and the first blade 115 and the second blade 116 return to normal operation.

[0043] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely one or more preferred embodiments of this application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this application. Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes for implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of this application still fall within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure, comprising a blade mechanism and an installation mechanism, characterized in that, The surface is provided with a support mechanism, which includes a bionic support component, a blade tip anti-interference component, and two wind pressure sensing components. The two wind pressure sensing components are fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and located on the inner wall of the blade mechanism. The blade tip anti-interference component is fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and located at one end of the blade mechanism. The bionic support component is fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and located on the inner side of the blade mechanism.

2. The biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The biomimetic support assembly includes two support beams and two reinforcing ribs. One of the support beams is fixedly connected to the two reinforcing ribs and is located at one end of the two reinforcing ribs. The other end of the two reinforcing ribs is fixedly connected to the other support beam and is located on one side of the other support beam. The other support beam is fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and is located inside the blade mechanism.

3. The biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The blade tip anti-interference component includes a shroud, an anti-interference plate, and a motor. The motor and the shroud are both fixedly connected to the blade mechanism and located at the end of the blade mechanism away from the mounting mechanism. The anti-interference plate is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor.

4. The biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The deflector includes a cover body and two cover rings, one of which is detachably connected to the blade mechanism and located at one end of the blade mechanism, the cover body is fixedly connected to one of the cover rings and located on one side of the cover rings, and the other cover ring is fixedly connected to the cover body and located on one side of the cover body.

5. The biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Each of the wind pressure sensing components has a cavity to accommodate multiple wind pressure sensors, data aggregation units, and transmission chips.

6. The biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The blade mechanism includes a first blade and a second blade. The second blade is fixedly connected to the first blade and located at one end of the first blade. The other end of the first blade is fixedly connected to the mounting mechanism and located on one side of the mounting mechanism. Both the first blade and the second blade are airfoil-shaped. The cross-sectional area of ​​the first blade gradually decreases along the direction away from the mounting mechanism, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the second blade gradually decreases along the direction away from the first blade.

7. The biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The first and second blades are provided with a buffer insulation layer and an anti-corrosion layer on their surfaces, and the surfaces of the first and second blades are smooth.

8. The biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The mounting mechanism includes a mounting post, a mounting ring, and a plurality of screws. Each screw is threadedly connected to the mounting ring and is located on one side of the mounting ring. The mounting ring is fixedly connected to the mounting post and is located on one side of the mounting post. The mounting post is fixedly connected to the first blade and is located on one side of the first blade.

9. The biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The mounting ring has multiple screw holes, the inner diameter of each screw hole is adapted to the outer diameter of the corresponding screw, and the inner wall of each screw hole is provided with an anti-loosening thread structure.

10. A biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure and method, applied to the aforementioned biomimetic-based typhoon-resistant offshore wind turbine blade structure, characterized in that, Each wind pressure sensor of the two wind pressure sensing components collects wind pressure data in different regions of the first blade and the second blade in real time. After being aggregated by the data aggregation unit, the data is sent to the pitch control system via a wireless transmission chip and then transmitted to the main control system of the nacelle. The pitch control system analyzes the received wind pressure data. When it detects that the wind pressure value exceeds the preset safety threshold, it determines that it is in typhoon condition and then sends a control command to the motor. The motor drives the anti-interference plate to deflect to a preset typhoon-resistant angle according to the command, while the bionic support component improves the structural strength of the first blade and the second blade through its own load-bearing capacity; During a typhoon, the wind pressure sensing module continuously transmits wind pressure data, and the wind power control terminal dynamically adjusts the deflection angle of the anti-interference plate according to the data changes. When the wind pressure value drops below the safe threshold, the motor is controlled to drive the anti-interference plate to reset, and the first blade and the second blade return to normal operation.

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