Efficient and quiet type steam temperature and pressure reduction device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of steam pipeline equipment, and provides an efficient and quiet type steam temperature and pressure reduction device which comprises a shell and a plurality of pore plates. The shell is provided with a steam channel; one end of the steam channel is provided with a steam inlet communicated with the outside, and the other end is provided with a steam outlet communicated with the outside; the steam channel is a gradually expanded channel from the steam inlet to the steam outlet; the plurality of pore plates are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the steam channel; a plurality of through holes are formed in each pore plate, and the through holes are Laval type pore channels. According to the efficient and quiet type steam temperature and pressure reduction device, the multiple pore plates are arranged in the steam channel, the through holes similar to the Laval nozzles are formed in the pore plates, steam reaches a supercritical state after passing through the through holes, steam shock waves are formed, the steam shock waves can greatly consume mechanical energy of the steam, and the steam temperature and pressure reduction efficiency is improved. Therefore, the pressure and the flow speed of the steam can be quickly reduced in the re-expansion process, the impact of the steam on the pore plate is reduced, and the vibration and the noise of the device are effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steam pipeline equipment technology, and in particular to a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering fields such as power and marine propulsion, desuperheating and depressurizing high-temperature and high-pressure steam is a common process in steam pipelines. Related technologies typically involve installing multi-stage orifice plates within the pipeline to cut off and reduce steam pressure. Under the throttling effect of these orifice plates, the steam velocity increases dramatically, causing scouring and impact on the orifice plates and pipeline walls, resulting in strong flow-induced vibrations and noise, which can lead to serious vibration and noise pollution problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a high-efficiency and quiet steam de-cooling and de-pressure reducing device to solve the problem of serious noise pollution that occurs when using multi-stage throttling orifice plates to de-cool and de-pressure steam in the prior art.

[0004] This invention provides a high-efficiency, quiet steam desuperheating and pressure-reducing device, comprising: The housing is provided with a steam passage; one end of the steam passage is provided with a steam inlet communicating with the outside, and the other end is provided with a steam outlet communicating with the outside; the steam passage is a gradually expanding channel from the steam inlet to the steam outlet. Multiple orifice plates are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the steam passage; each orifice plate is provided with multiple through holes, which are Laval-type channels.

[0005] According to a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device of the present invention, the through hole includes a converging section, a throat and an expansion section connected in sequence; the converging section is used to introduce steam and the expansion section is used to discharge steam; the converging section has a gradually narrowing structure along the steam flow direction and the expansion section has a gradually expanding structure along the steam flow direction.

[0006] According to a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device of the present invention, the expansion ratio of the steam at the inlet and outlet of the through hole is not less than 0.45 and not greater than 0.5.

[0007] According to a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device of the present invention, the inlet diameter of the converging section is d1, the diameter of the throat is d2, and the outlet diameter of the expansion section is d3, wherein d1, d2, and d3 satisfy: , .

[0008] According to a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device of the present invention, the steam passage includes: Multiple channel segments are connected in sequence, each channel segment is a cylindrical channel; the diameter of the multiple channel segments increases sequentially from the steam inlet to the steam outlet; each channel segment contains at least one orifice plate.

[0009] According to a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device of the present invention, the diameter ratio of adjacent channel sections is 0.75.

[0010] According to the present invention, a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device further includes: a cooling water spray pipe; At least a portion of the structure of the cooling water spray pipe is located within the channel section closest to the steam outlet; the cooling water spray pipe is used to spray cooling water into the channel section.

[0011] According to a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device of the present invention, the cooling water spray pipe includes an inlet section and a spray section connected in sequence; the spray section is disposed in the channel section, and a plurality of spray holes are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the spray section; the inlet section extends from the spray section to the outside of the housing for communication with external pipelines.

[0012] According to a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device of the present invention, the spraying section is a porous medium pipe.

[0013] According to a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device of the present invention, the permeability of the wall of the porous medium tube is at... Within the range.

[0014] This invention discloses a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device. High-pressure steam is introduced into a steam channel from the steam inlet. The steam channel gradually expands from the steam inlet to the steam outlet, causing the steam to expand as it flows through, thereby reducing its temperature and pressure. Simultaneously, by arranging multiple orifice plates within the steam channel and constructing through-holes similar to those in a Laval nozzle on these plates, the steam reaches a supercritical state after passing through the through-holes, forming a steam shock wave. This steam shock wave significantly dissipates the steam's mechanical energy, rapidly reducing its pressure and velocity during subsequent re-expansion. This reduces the impact of the steam on the orifice plates, effectively lowering the vibration and noise of the entire device. This effectively solves the problem of severe noise pollution generated when using multi-stage throttling orifice plates for steam desuperheating and depressurization in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is an isometric side view of a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a bottom view of a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a left view of a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a front view of a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 4 A cross-sectional view at position A in the middle.

[0021] Figure 6 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 5 A magnified view of the area at position B in the middle.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a rear view of a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure label: 1. High-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device; 11. Shell; 111. Steam passage; 1111. Passage section; 112. Steam inlet; 113. Steam outlet; 12. Orifice plate; 121. Through hole; 1211. Converging section; 1212. Throat; 1213. Expansion section; 13. Cooling water spray pipe; 131. Water inlet section; 132. Spraying section. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] The following is combined with Figures 1-7 This invention describes a high-efficiency, quiet steam desuperheating and pressure-reducing device.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the present invention provides a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device 1, comprising: a housing 11 and a plurality of orifice plates 12. The housing 11 is provided with a steam channel 111; one end of the steam channel 111 is provided with a steam inlet 112 communicating with the outside, and the other end is provided with a steam outlet 113 communicating with the outside; the steam channel 111 is a gradually expanding channel from the steam inlet 112 to the steam outlet 113; the plurality of orifice plates 12 are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the steam channel 111; each orifice plate 12 is provided with a plurality of through holes 121, the through holes 121 being Laval-type channels.

[0027] In this embodiment, by constructing a steam channel 111 inside the housing 11, and constructing a steam inlet 112 and a steam outlet 113 at both ends of the housing 11 that are connected to the steam channel 111, high-pressure steam can enter the steam channel 111 from the steam inlet 112, flow to the steam outlet 113, and be discharged from the steam outlet 113 after being cooled and depressurized in the steam channel 111.

[0028] Specifically, the steam channel 111 gradually expands from the steam inlet 112 to the steam outlet 113, causing the steam to expand as it flows through the channel, thus reducing its temperature and pressure. Simultaneously, multiple orifice plates 12 are spaced along the steam flow direction within the steam channel 111. The through holes 121 on the orifice plates 12 are designed with a channel structure similar to a Laval nozzle, allowing the steam to compress upon passing through the through holes 121, expand after reaching sonic speeds, and reach a supercritical state. This creates a steam shock wave near the outlet of the through holes 121. The steam shock wave significantly dissipates the steam's mechanical energy, allowing it to reduce to even lower pressure and velocity during subsequent re-expansion, thereby reducing the steam's impact on the subsequent orifice plates 12 and effectively reducing the vibration and noise of the entire device.

[0029] The present invention discloses a high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device 1, which allows high-pressure steam to be introduced into a steam channel 111 from a steam inlet 112. The steam channel 111 gradually expands from the steam inlet 112 to the steam outlet 113, causing the steam to expand as it flows through the steam channel 111, thereby reducing the temperature and pressure of the steam. Simultaneously, by arranging multiple orifice plates 12 in the steam channel 111 and constructing through holes 121 similar to those in a Laval nozzle on the orifice plates 12, the steam reaches a supercritical state after passing through the through holes 121 and forms a steam shock wave. The steam shock wave can significantly consume the mechanical energy of the steam, thereby rapidly reducing the pressure and velocity of the steam during the subsequent re-expansion process, reducing the impact of the steam on the orifice plates 12, effectively reducing the vibration and noise of the entire device, and effectively solving the problem of serious noise pollution generated when using multi-stage throttling orifice plates to desuperheat and depressurize steam in the prior art.

[0030] Furthermore, it is understandable that when steam forms a steam shock wave, it may generate airborne noise similar to a sonic boom or popping sound within the cavity. This airborne noise can be blocked by installing sound-absorbing cotton or other sound-insulating layers on the shell 11, which is easier to handle and isolate compared to the mechanical vibration generated by steam directly impacting the orifice plate 12. Additionally, it is understandable that through a reasonable structural design of the orifice plate 12, the vibration frequency of the shock wave can be controlled within a certain range. For vibration noise with a stable vibration range, targeted vibration reduction and noise reduction measures within specific frequency bands can be adopted, which also facilitates the installation of other vibration isolation structures on the device for vibration isolation.

[0031] Optionally, the through holes 121 can be arranged in an array uniformly on the perforated plate 12. For example, each perforated plate 12 may include multiple sets of through holes 121, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the perforated plate 12; each set of through holes 121 includes multiple through holes 121 arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the perforated plate 12.

[0032] Specifically, in some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the through hole 121 includes a converging section 1211, a throat 1212, and an expansion section 1213 connected in sequence; the converging section 1211 is used to introduce steam, and the expansion section 1213 is used to discharge steam; the converging section 1211 has a gradually narrowing structure along the steam flow direction, and the expansion section 1213 has a gradually expanding structure along the steam flow direction.

[0033] In this embodiment, when steam encounters the orifice plate 12 during its flow along the steam channel 111, it typically enters the converging section 1211 of the through hole 121 at a subsonic speed. The steam in the converging section 1211 has a gradually narrowing structure along the steam flow direction. As the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow velocity direction gradually decreases, the flow velocity of the subsonic steam gradually increases and is accelerated to a critical state (flow velocity reaches the speed of sound) at the throat 1212. The throat 1212 is a transitional connection structure between the converging section 1211 and the expansion section 1213. The expansion section 1213 has a gradually expanding structure along the steam flow direction, thereby further accelerating the steam that has reached the speed of sound to a supersonic and supercritical state, so as to form a shock wave after leaving the through hole 121.

[0034] Specifically, in some embodiments, the expansion ratio of the steam at the inlet and outlet of the through-hole 121 is not less than 0.45 and not greater than 0.5. In this embodiment, by reasonably setting the structure of the through-hole 121, the expansion ratio of the steam before and after the accelerated expansion process through the through-hole 121 can be within the range of 0.45 to 0.5, so that the steam reaches a supercritical state and achieves efficient pressure reduction of the steam.

[0035] Specifically, in some embodiments, such as Figure 6As shown, the inlet diameter of the converging section 1211 is d1, the diameter of the throat 1212 is d2, and the outlet diameter of the expansion section 1213 is d3, wherein d1, d2, and d3 satisfy: , .

[0036] In this embodiment, by limiting the ratio of the inlet aperture d1 of the converging section 1211 to the aperture d2 of the throat 1212, and the ratio of the aperture d2 of the throat 1212 to the outlet aperture d3 of the expansion section 1213, the state of the steam at the outlet of the through hole 121 can be adjusted so that a stable shock wave is formed at the outlet position of the steam through hole 121, so as to stably and rapidly consume the mechanical energy of the steam, thereby reducing the pressure and velocity of the steam in the subsequent re-expansion process.

[0037] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the steam passage 111 includes: a plurality of passage segments 1111 connected in sequence, each passage segment 1111 being a cylindrical passage; the diameter of the plurality of passage segments 1111 increases sequentially from the steam inlet 112 to the steam outlet 113; each passage segment 1111 contains at least one orifice plate 12.

[0038] In this embodiment, by dividing the steam channel 111 into multiple cylindrical channel segments 1111 with progressively larger diameters, and providing an orifice plate 12 in each channel segment 1111, the steam can continue to flow within the cylindrical channel segment 1111 after its flow velocity and pressure change at the interface between adjacent channel segments 1111 or after flowing through the through holes 121 on the orifice plate 12. The cylindrical channel segment 1111 can quickly stabilize and uniformly distribute the steam flow velocity, avoid excessively high local steam flow velocity, and effectively reduce the impact vibration and noise of the steam on the orifice plate 12.

[0039] Specifically, in some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, the orifice plate 12 can be set in the middle of the corresponding channel segment 1111.

[0040] Specifically, in some embodiments, the diameter ratio of adjacent channel segments 1111 is 0.75. In this embodiment, by reasonably determining the diameter ratio between adjacent channel segments 1111, the steam flow rate can be effectively reduced after steam depressurization, avoiding excessively high local steam flow rates and effectively reducing steam impact vibration and noise.

[0041] In one specific embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the steam passage 111 includes four passage segments 1111 connected in sequence. The diameters of the four passage segments 1111 are D1, D2, D3, and D4, respectively. The diameter ratio of adjacent passage segments 1111 is... This design allows the steam flow rate to quickly stabilize and distribute evenly after expansion and decompression at the interface of channel section 1111.

[0042] In some embodiments, such as Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and depressurization device 1 also includes: a cooling water spray pipe 13; at least a portion of the structure of the cooling water spray pipe 13 is located in the channel section 1111 closest to the steam outlet 113; the cooling water spray pipe 13 is used to spray cooling water into the channel section 1111.

[0043] In this embodiment, a cooling water spray pipe 13 is provided in the channel section 1111 closest to the steam outlet 113 so that external cooling water can be introduced into the cooling water spray pipe 13 and sprayed in the channel section 1111. The sprayed cooling water can exchange heat with the steam, further reducing the temperature and pressure of the steam.

[0044] Specifically, in some embodiments, such as Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the cooling water spray pipe 13 includes an inlet section 131 and a spray section 132 connected in sequence; the spray section 132 is located in the channel section 1111, and a plurality of spray holes are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the spray section 132; the inlet section 131 extends from the spray section 132 to the outside of the housing 11 for communication with external pipelines.

[0045] In this embodiment, the water inlet section 131 is used to connect with the external water supply pipeline so that cooling water can be introduced into the water inlet section 131 and flow into the spray section 132. The outer peripheral wall of the spray section 132 is provided with multiple spray holes. After passing through the spray holes, the cooling water forms a water mist and is sprayed at different positions in the channel section 1111. The water mist formed by the cooling water can fully contact and exchange heat with the steam in the channel section 1111 so as to better reduce the temperature and pressure of the steam.

[0046] Optionally, in some embodiments, the spray section 132 is a porous media pipe. In this embodiment, the spray section 132 can be made of a porous material so that a large number of spray holes with micropore structures are formed on the pipe wall of the spray section 132. This allows the cooling water flowing into the spray section 132 to permeate through the micropore structure to the outer peripheral wall of the spray section 132 and spray outward to form fine atomized water droplets. The large number of micro-spray holes can make the cooling water sprayed evenly in all directions outside the spray section 132, which can effectively improve the heat exchange area and overall efficiency between the cooling water and the high-temperature steam.

[0047] Specifically, in some embodiments, the permeability of the porous media tube wall is at... Within a certain range. In this embodiment, by limiting the permeability of the porous media pipe wall to a certain range, it avoids excessively low permeability, which would generate significant flow resistance to the cooling water and affect its outward spraying, while also preventing excessively high permeability from affecting the atomization effect of the cooling water.

[0048] Specifically, in some embodiments, the porous media tube can be directly formed by 3D printing, or formed by stacking and filling multiple particles. The gaps between the particles allow cooling water to pass through and be sprayed outwards. By adjusting the shape and size of the particles, the size and shape of the gaps between the particles can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the permeability of the porous media tube wall. Specifically, the permeability of the porous media tube wall can be adjusted and selected according to operating conditions such as cooling water flow rate and nozzle pressure head.

[0049] Optionally, the granules can be made of high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, ceramic, and copper alloy to meet the needs of different working fluids and working environments.

[0050] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency, quiet steam desuperheating and pressure-reducing device, characterized in that, include: The housing is provided with a steam passage; one end of the steam passage is provided with a steam inlet communicating with the outside, and the other end is provided with a steam outlet communicating with the outside; the steam passage is a gradually expanding channel from the steam inlet to the steam outlet. Multiple orifice plates are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the steam passage; each orifice plate is provided with multiple through holes, which are Laval-type channels.

2. The high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through-hole includes a converging section, a throat, and an expansion section connected in sequence; the converging section is used to introduce steam, and the expansion section is used to discharge steam; the converging section has a gradually narrowing structure along the steam flow direction, and the expansion section has a gradually expanding structure along the steam flow direction.

3. A high-efficiency, quiet steam desuperheating and pressure-reducing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The expansion ratio of the steam at the inlet and outlet of the through hole is not less than 0.45 and not greater than 0.

5.

4. The high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet diameter of the converging section is d1, the diameter of the throat is d2, and the outlet diameter of the expanding section is d3, wherein d1, d2, and d3 satisfy: , .

5. The high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam passage includes: Multiple channel segments are connected in sequence, each channel segment is a cylindrical channel; the diameter of the multiple channel segments increases sequentially from the steam inlet to the steam outlet; each channel segment contains at least one orifice plate.

6. The high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter ratio of adjacent channel segments is 0.

75.

7. The high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, Also includes: Cooling water spray nozzles; At least a portion of the structure of the cooling water spray pipe is located within the channel section closest to the steam outlet; the cooling water spray pipe is used to spray cooling water into the channel section.

8. The high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cooling water spray pipe includes an inlet section and a spray section connected in sequence; the spray section is located within the channel section, and multiple spray holes are formed on the outer peripheral wall of the spray section; the inlet section extends from the spray section to the outside of the housing for communication with external pipelines.

9. The high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The spraying section is a porous media pipe.

10. The high-efficiency and quiet steam desuperheating and pressure reducing device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The permeability of the porous media tube wall is at Within the range.

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