Light-gas gun perforated baffle device

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-gas gun perforated baffle device, and belongs to the technical field of experimental physics and launching devices. The device comprises a supporting and fixing assembly, a baffle with holes and a centering assembly. The supporting and fixing assembly is composed of a baffle fixing support and a baffle support and used for fixing the device in the light-gas gun impact bin. And a through hole is formed in the perforated baffle plate and is used for separating shots and intercepting experimental debris. The centering assembly comprises a centering stick and a centering stick cap and is used for ensuring that the through hole of the baffle is accurately aligned with the axis of the gun barrel. The device can effectively solve the problems that a traditional light-gas shell is difficult in bullet separation, unstable in energy release, potential in safety hazard and the like, has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to operate, high in reliability and the like, and can be widely applied to the field of impact loading experiments.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of experimental physics and launching device, and particularly relates to a light gas gun with a hole baffle device. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a typical impact loading device, the light gas gun is widely used in scientific research and engineering practice due to its simple structure, low cost and convenient operation. It can simulate low-speed to medium-speed impact processes by instantaneously releasing compressed gas to push a projectile or airflow, and plays an important role in material impact resistance testing, aerodynamics experiments, particle transport research, non-lethal weapon development and aerospace protection engineering simulation. With the in-depth application of the light gas gun in multiple fields, researchers have higher requirements for the stability, controllability and multifunctionality of the launching process.

[0003] However, the traditional light gas gun adopts an open gun barrel outlet, and lacks secondary regulation means for the projectile. This will lead to the inability to effectively separate the core and shell in experiments involving composite projectiles or shell projectiles, increasing the uncertainty of the experiment. In some low-intensity impact or multi-point distributed loading experiments, researchers often need to weaken, shape or disperse the impact energy, but the existing light gas gun device is not capable in this regard. In addition, the open outlet also has certain safety hazards, and the debris, fragments or irregular particles generated in the experiment can easily fly out, posing a threat to the experimental environment and operators. Therefore, adding a hole baffle to the light gas gun and using its through-hole structure to selectively control the airflow and projectile can improve the impact energy management capability and achieve projectile separation and safety protection, which is a key means to improve the applicability and reliability of the light gas gun. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a light gas gun with a hole baffle device that can selectively control the projectile through the preset through-hole at the outlet or intermediate position of the light gas gun, to solve the technical problems of difficult projectile separation, unstable energy release and safety hazards in the existing light gas gun, and is suitable for projectile unshelling experiments and can be widely applied in energy distribution and safety protection scenarios, significantly improving the applicability and reliability of the light gas gun.

[0005] The application adopts the following technical solutions: A perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon is disclosed, for installation within the impact chamber of a light gas cannon and located between the barrel exit and the impact test specimen. It includes a support and fixing assembly for supporting and fixing a core component. A perforated baffle is mounted on the support and fixing assembly, and the perforated baffle has through holes for projectile separation and interception of experimental debris. At the barrel exit, a centering assembly is provided to align the through holes of the perforated baffle with the barrel axis. The centering assembly includes a centering rod and a centering rod cap mounted at the front end of the centering rod, the centering rod cap limiting the depth to which the centering rod slides into the barrel. The support and fixing assembly includes a baffle fixing bracket and a baffle support. The baffle support is mounted on the baffle fixing bracket, and the perforated baffle is fixed to the baffle support. The baffle fixing bracket is connected to the specimen fixing support in the light gas cannon impact chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the projectile core and smaller than the diameter of the projectile shell.

[0007] Preferably, the through hole is circular or polygonal, and its center coincides with the geometric center of the perforated baffle.

[0008] Preferably, there are multiple through holes, which are distributed in a concentric circle or rectangular array on the perforated baffle.

[0009] Preferably, the apertures of each through hole are the same or different, and are configured according to experimental requirements to achieve screening of multiple types of particles or airflow control.

[0010] Preferably, the centering rod is a slender rod-shaped structure that can be inserted into the barrel outlet to guide the perforated baffle for precise centering, and can be removed as a whole after assembly.

[0011] Preferably, the centering cap is detachable, and the edge of the centering cap is provided with a brim, the outer diameter of which is larger than the diameter of the gun barrel.

[0012] Preferably, the perforated baffle is a plate-shaped structure with uniform thickness, the thickness of which is determined according to the firing pressure of the light air gun and experimental requirements, in order to ensure the structural strength and functional adaptability of the perforated baffle.

[0013] Preferably, the baffle fixing bracket is provided with a sliding groove hole, which is used to adjust the position of the baffle support.

[0014] Preferably, the perforated baffle and the baffle support, and the baffle support and the baffle fixing bracket are all fixedly connected by bolts and nuts.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: A perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon comprises a support and fixing assembly consisting of a baffle fixing bracket and a baffle support, providing a stable mounting foundation for the entire device. The perforated baffle achieves projectile separation and debris interception through its through-holes. The centering assembly includes a centering roller and a centering roller cap, ensuring precise alignment of the baffle through-holes with the barrel axis. Through integrated structural design, a systematic solution for light gas cannon exit control is achieved. The support and fixing assembly provides a reliable mounting foundation, ensuring the stability of the device under high-pressure impact environments. The perforated baffle not only achieves precise projectile separation but also provides safety protection. The design of the centering assembly ensures the repeatability and accuracy of experiments. The overall structure is simple and reliable, easy to install and maintain, and significantly improves the experimental capabilities and safety of the light gas cannon. Furthermore, the aperture is larger than the core diameter but smaller than the outer shell diameter, ensuring the efficiency and reliability of the decoy removal process. By precisely controlling the aperture size, the core can pass smoothly while the outer shell reliably blocks it, avoiding the complexity of traditional mechanical separation devices. This design makes the decoy removal process more natural and smooth, reduces energy loss, and improves the accuracy of experimental data. At the same time, this dimensional relationship can be flexibly adjusted according to different experimental needs, exhibiting good adaptability.

[0016] Furthermore, the symmetrical design ensures uniform force on the projectile, preventing trajectory deviation caused by eccentric impact. The precise alignment of the through-hole center with the baffle center guarantees a positive impact along the axial direction, reducing experimental errors. The circular or polygonal through-hole shape can be selected according to different experimental needs; circular holes are suitable for most unpacking experiments, while polygonal holes can be used for special airflow shaping requirements.

[0017] Furthermore, the porous design greatly expands the application range of the device. A concentric circle distribution is suitable for axisymmetric impact experiments, enabling uniform energy distribution. A rectangular array distribution is more suitable for planar impact experiments, simulating complex loading conditions. This porous design allows a single device to meet various experimental needs, improving equipment utilization and economy.

[0018] Furthermore, the combination of different aperture sizes allows the device to simultaneously process particles of multiple sizes or achieve complex airflow control. This design is particularly suitable for impact experiments on multi-component materials, enabling the simultaneous screening of components of different sizes. In addition, the combination of different aperture sizes can achieve stepped energy attenuation, providing more possibilities for precision impact experiments.

[0019] Furthermore, the slender, rod-shaped centering rod design ensures guiding accuracy, and its insertion into the barrel provides reliable reference positioning. The design allows for complete removal after assembly, avoiding interference with the experimental process. This centering method is simple, effective, low-cost, and highly repeatable, making it particularly suitable for experimental scenarios requiring frequent baffle changes.

[0020] Furthermore, the detachable design improves the versatility and interchangeability of components, reducing maintenance costs. The visor structure effectively prevents over-insertion of the centering rod, ensuring assembly consistency. This design allows the device to adapt to different barrel sizes, enhancing its applicability and simplifying the operation process.

[0021] Furthermore, the uniform thickness of the plate-like structure ensures uniform stress distribution and improves the service life of the baffle. The principle of determining the thickness based on launch pressure and experimental requirements ensures that the baffle has sufficient structural strength while avoiding material waste. This scientific thickness design method provides a reliable basis for baffle design under different operating conditions.

[0022] Furthermore, the slot design provides position adjustment capability, effectively compensating for machining and assembly errors. This design reduces the requirements for component machining precision and lowers manufacturing costs. Simultaneously, the adjustment function allows the device to adapt to different installation conditions, improving the equipment's adaptability.

[0023] Furthermore, bolted connections offer reliable connection strength and facilitate disassembly and maintenance. The standardized connection method simplifies the assembly process and reduces the need for specialized tools. This connection method ensures structural reliability while also prioritizing ease of use.

[0024] In summary, the baffle of this invention consists of a body and through holes, making it convenient to manufacture and install. It achieves multiple functions without the need for complex mechanical separation mechanisms, exhibiting high overall reliability and low maintenance costs. By adjusting the baffle's aperture, shape, and number of holes, this invention can achieve multiple functions such as projectile sabotage removal, nozzle shaping, and energy dispersion, flexibly meeting the needs of different experimental scenarios. The baffle can effectively control the airflow and projectile passage conditions, ensuring a more stable and controllable impact process for the light gas cannon in multiple experiments, significantly improving the repeatability and reliability of experimental results. Through the design of the aperture and distribution, this invention can weaken or disperse the impact energy at the light gas cannon's exit, providing support for low-intensity impact testing, distributed loading experiments, and non-lethal applications. The baffle can effectively block the outer shell, debris, or excessively large particles, preventing them from flying out directly, forming a protective barrier for experimental personnel and equipment, and improving experimental safety.

[0025] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the following description of the relative embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a light air gun equipped with a perforated baffle. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the perforated baffle. Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the assembly of a light air gun with the baffle in place and the removal of the axial alignment device.

[0028] The components include: 1. Light air cannon impact chamber; 2. Light air cannon barrel; 3. Centering rod; 4. Centering rod cap; 5. Perforated baffle; 6. Baffle support; 7. Baffle fixing bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "one side," "one end," and "one side," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0031] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0032] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the terms "comprising" and "including" indicate the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0033] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0034] It should also be further understood that the term "and / or" as used in this specification and the appended claims refers to any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0035] The accompanying drawings illustrate various structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0036] This invention provides a perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon. The baffle is installed between the outlet end of the light gas cannon and the impact test specimen, and its main function is to control the projectile's passage characteristics through the through-hole on the baffle. The baffle is a one-piece structure with a through-hole at its center. The diameter of the hole can be designed to match the diameter of the projectile core or experimental particle as needed. When the light gas cannon is fired, the baffle can achieve the following functions: control the passage conditions of the projectile or particle; block large-sized structures while allowing only small-sized parts to pass. This baffle can be widely used in impact loading tests and projectile separation processes, with sabotage removal being one of its typical applications. This invention has a simple structure, high reliability, and is suitable for the installation and application of various light gas cannon systems.

[0037] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The present invention provides a perforated baffle device for a light air cannon, comprising a centering rod 3, a centering rod cap 4, a perforated baffle 5, a baffle support 6, and a baffle fixing bracket 7. The components are connected in a reasonable manner to form a complete light air cannon outlet control system.

[0038] The impact chamber 1 of a light gas gun is a common component of most light gas gun experimental setups. Its internal cavity structure houses the gun barrel exit, secures the impacted specimen, and allows for observation and recording of the impact process. In practical applications, the impact chamber 1 is typically machined from a single piece of high-strength metal (such as alloy steel or aluminum alloy), or it can be constructed by welding a thick-walled steel cylinder with end caps to ensure sufficient strength and rigidity under high-pressure gas impact. The impact chamber 1 is usually welded with supports for securing the impacted specimen. Therefore, when adding a perforated baffle device, no modification to the light gas gun impact chamber 1 is required. The added device can be fixed together with the impacted specimen to the existing welded supports within the impact chamber. This detachable design maximizes the preservation of the original functions of the light gas gun while enabling it to withstand more demanding experimental scenarios.

[0039] To ensure that the center of the hole in the baffle is precisely aligned with the axis of the gun barrel during assembly, this invention includes a centering rod 3 at the exit of the gun barrel 2. The centering rod 3 is a slender rod, and its material can be metal or composite material. The function of the centering rod 3 is to limit radial displacement of the perforated baffle during assembly, ensuring that the gun barrel 2, the projectile, and the hole in the baffle 5 are accurately aligned on the same axis. This prevents directional deviation of the projectile after passing through the baffle due to eccentric impact, thus avoiding errors in experimental data. The dimensions of the centering rod 3 can be determined based on the distance between the exit of the gun barrel 2 and the baffle 5, and the size of the projectile to be passed through.

[0040] To prevent the centering roller 3 from sliding too deeply into the gun barrel 2 during docking, making it difficult to remove, a centering roller cap 4 is installed at the front end of the centering roller 3. The centering roller cap 4 has a ring-shaped or disc-shaped brim at its edge, and its outer diameter is slightly larger than the diameter of the gun barrel 2. The main function of the centering roller cap 4 is to limit the travel of the centering roller 3 in the gun barrel 2. The centering roller cap 4 can be designed to be detachable. When dealing with gun barrels 2 and centering rollers 3 of different diameters, only the size of the centering roller cap 4 needs to be changed accordingly to adapt to different experimental requirements, which greatly increases the service life of other components and reduces the cost of manufacturing experimental components.

[0041] The perforated baffle 5 is the core component of this invention, installed at an appropriate location inside the impact chamber 1. The baffle 5 is a uniformly thick metal or high-strength composite material plate, with one or more through holes. The shape of the through holes can be circular, elliptical, or polygonal, and the hole diameter can range from millimeters to centimeters, and can be designed according to different experimental requirements.

[0042] The perforated baffle 5 has a wide range of functions: When the diameter of the through hole is close to the diameter of the projectile core but smaller than the diameter of the outer shell, a natural ejection process can be achieved where the projectile core passes through smoothly and the outer shell is blocked. When the through-hole size is specially designed, the airflow can be restricted and the nozzle can be shaped, so that the flow field has high directionality and stability. When the baffle has a porous distribution, it can disperse a single high-speed airflow into multiple fine streams, thus achieving distributed impact loading.

[0043] The perforated baffle 5 is subjected to large impact loads during operation, so its material strength and wear resistance are required to be high. High-strength steel or nickel-based alloy is recommended.

[0044] The baffle support 6 is used to support and fix the perforated baffle 5. The support 6 has a similar structure and shape to the perforated baffle 5 and is mounted on the baffle fixing bracket 7. The support 6 and the baffle 5 are fixed together using M12 bolts and M12 nuts, ensuring the baffle remains stable under high-pressure impact and facilitating assembly and disassembly. The baffle support 6 reduces the overall size of the perforated baffle 5. Since the perforated baffle 5 is the most easily damaged component, a smaller perforated baffle 5 is easier to replace and reduces material costs incurred due to baffle 5 damage during experiments.

[0045] The baffle fixing bracket 7 is installed on the specimen fixing support at the bottom or side wall of the impact chamber 1, working together with the baffle support 6 to further fix the position of the perforated baffle 5. The fixing bracket 7 is typically made of thick plate or profile and is connected to the impact chamber 1 by M12 bolts and M12 nuts, making it both robust and easy to disassemble. The sliding groove holes on the baffle fixing bracket 7 further reduce the precision requirements of the component during manufacturing compared to round holes, and also give it a larger range of motion during assembly, allowing the perforated baffle 5 to move up and down to ensure better centering. This structure, without sacrificing its mobility, effectively prevents the baffle from loosening or shifting during impact, improving the reliability of the entire device. After the entire device is assembled, the centering roller 3 and centering roller cap 4 must be removed to ensure that the projectile is not obstructed during its impact with the specimen after exiting the barrel 2.

[0046] Furthermore, the perforated baffle 5 of this invention also provides significant safety protection. During the firing of the light gas cannon, if the projectile breaks apart or produces fragments, shrapnel, or irregular particles, these particles will be effectively blocked within the impact chamber 1 by the baffle, thus preventing them from flying out directly. Compared with traditional open exits, this invention greatly reduces experimental risks and effectively protects the experimental environment and the safety of operators.

[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] Example 1 The separation of traditional composite or shelled projectiles requires complex mechanical separation structures, which are cumbersome to operate and have high experimental uncertainty. There is an urgent need for a solution that can achieve natural shell removal through structural design.

[0049] The diameter of the through hole is larger than the core diameter of the projectile but smaller than the outer shell diameter. The core diameter is set to 5mm, the outer shell diameter to 8mm, and the through hole diameter is designed to be 6-7mm. This diameter range has been experimentally verified to ensure that the core can pass smoothly under inertia while effectively blocking the outer shell. The through hole is machined using a drilling process, with the diameter tolerance controlled within ±0.1mm. After machining, the hole wall is polished to a roughness Ra≤0.8μm. The perforated baffle 5 is still made of high-strength steel, with a thickness of 8mm, and its fixing method to the baffle support 6 remains unchanged.

[0050] After the light gas cannon is fired, the cased projectile moves towards the perforated baffle 5 under the propulsion of high-pressure gas. When the projectile contacts the perforated baffle 5, the outer casing is blocked because its diameter is larger than the diameter of the through hole, while the projectile core continues to move forward under inertia, passing through the through hole and separating from the outer casing. No additional mechanical separation device is needed; the projectile naturally detaches from the casing through the hole design, simplifying the experimental setup, reducing experimental uncertainty, and improving the reliability and stability of the detachment process.

[0051] Secondly, irregular shapes or center offsets in the through-holes of perforated baffles can cause directional deviations when projectiles pass through, affecting the accuracy of experimental data. Therefore, it is urgent to optimize the shape and position design of the through-holes.

[0052] The through hole is circular or polygonal, and its center coincides with the geometric center of the perforated baffle 5. When the through hole is circular, its diameter is 6mm, and the error in coincidence with the geometric center of the perforated baffle 5 is ≤0.2mm; when the through hole is polygonal, a regular hexagon is selected, with a side-to-side distance of 6mm, and the center of the regular hexagon coincides with the geometric center of the perforated baffle 5. During machining, a positioning fixture is used to fix the perforated baffle 5, and CNC machining equipment is used to ensure the coincidence accuracy between the center of the through hole and the geometric center of the perforated baffle 5. The machining accuracy of the hole wall is consistent with that of the circular through hole.

[0053] After the projectile is fired from the exit of the gun barrel 2, it moves along the axis of the gun barrel 2. Because the center of the through hole coincides with the geometric center of the perforated baffle 5, and the through hole has a regular shape, the projectile can smoothly pass through the through hole along the axis, avoiding directional deviations caused by hole shape or center offset. This ensures the straightness of the projectile's passage, reduces systematic errors in experimental data, improves the reliability of experimental results, and adapts to the passage requirements of projectiles with different shapes.

[0054] Furthermore, traditional light air guns can only achieve single-stream airflow impact, which cannot meet the needs of low-intensity impact and multi-point distributed loading experiments. There is an urgent need for a structural design that can disperse and control the airflow.

[0055] Multiple through holes are arranged in a concentric circle or rectangular array on the perforated baffle 5. When the through holes are arranged in concentric circles, three concentric circles are used, with their centers coinciding with the geometric center of the perforated baffle 5. The innermost circle has a diameter of 20mm and contains 4 through holes; the middle circle has a diameter of 40mm and contains 8 through holes; and the outermost circle has a diameter of 60mm and contains 12 through holes. All through holes have a diameter of 3mm. When the through holes are arranged in a rectangular array, a 4x4 array is used, with the array center coinciding with the geometric center of the perforated baffle 5. The center-to-center distance between adjacent through holes is 10mm, and the through hole diameter is also 3mm. The through holes are machined using a multi-axis CNC drilling machine to ensure distribution accuracy, and the hole wall treatment is consistent with that of a single through hole.

[0056] The single high-speed airflow launched by the light air cannon reaches the perforated baffle 5 and is dispersed into multiple fine jets through several evenly distributed through holes. The jets move towards the impacted specimen along the direction of the through holes, achieving distributed impact loading. By converting a single airflow into multiple jets, the uniform distribution of impact energy is achieved, meeting the requirements of low-intensity impact and multi-point distributed loading experiments, and expanding the application scenarios of the light air cannon.

[0057] Finally, different experiments have different requirements for particle screening accuracy or airflow control effect. Multiple through holes with a single aperture cannot meet the needs of multiple types of experiments, and there is an urgent need for a solution with flexible aperture configuration.

[0058] The apertures of each through-hole can be the same or different, configured according to experimental requirements to achieve screening of multiple types of particles or airflow control. When screening experimental particles of different sizes is required, a through-hole configuration with different apertures is used. In a concentric circle distribution, the innermost through-hole has a diameter of 2mm, the middle layer 3mm, and the outermost 4mm, achieving graded screening of particles of different sizes within the 2-4mm range. When different airflow intensities need to be controlled, in a rectangular array, the apertures in odd-numbered rows are 3mm and those in even-numbered rows are 4mm, resulting in a differentiated distribution of impact intensity among multiple jets. Different drill bits are selected for aperture machining according to configuration requirements, while tolerance control remains constant.

[0059] During experiments, perforated baffles 5 with corresponding aperture configurations are installed according to the specific needs of particle screening or airflow control. Different aperture sizes selectively allow or control the passage of particles or airflow, achieving various experimental objectives. This enhances the flexibility and versatility of the apparatus, allowing it to adapt to different experimental needs without replacing the entire perforated baffle 5, reducing experimental costs and increasing experimental efficiency.

[0060] Example 2 The lack of precise centering guide components during the assembly of the perforated baffle makes it difficult to align the through hole with the barrel axis, resulting in a large directional deviation after the projectile impacts out of center, which affects the accuracy of the experimental data.

[0061] The centering roller 3 is a slender rod-shaped structure that can be inserted into the outlet of the gun barrel 2 to guide the perforated baffle 5 for precise centering. It can be removed as a whole after assembly. The centering roller 3 is made of 45# steel, with a length of 100mm and a diameter of 28mm. It has a clearance fit with the 30mm inner diameter of the gun barrel 2, with a clearance of 0.5-1mm, facilitating insertion and removal while ensuring centering accuracy. Both ends of the centering roller 3 are chamfered at a 45° angle to prevent scratching the inner wall of the gun barrel 2 and the through-hole of the perforated baffle 5. The straightness tolerance of the centering roller 3 is controlled within 0.1mm / m, and the surface roughness Ra≤1.6μm.

[0062] During assembly, one end of the centering rod 3 is inserted into the outlet of the gun barrel 2, with the insertion depth limited to 50mm by the centering rod cap 4. The other end extends out of the outlet of the gun barrel 2. Then, the through hole of the perforated baffle 5 is fitted onto the extended end of the centering rod 3. Through the guiding action of the centering rod 3, the through hole is precisely aligned with the axis of the gun barrel 2. After assembly, the centering rod 3 can be removed as a whole by holding the centering rod cap 4. Technical effects: It provides precise centering guidance, avoids radial offset during the assembly of the perforated baffle 5, ensures the coaxiality of the through hole and the axis of the gun barrel 2, significantly reduces the directional deviation after the projectile passes through, and improves the accuracy of experimental data.

[0063] Example 3 The fixed structure of the centering rod cap makes it impossible to adapt to gun barrels and centering rods of different diameters, resulting in poor component versatility and increased experimental costs. There is an urgent need for a flexible and adaptable centering rod cap design.

[0064] The centering cap 4 is detachable, with a brim on its edge. The outer diameter of the brim is larger than that of the gun barrel 2. The main body of the centering cap 4 is cylindrical, with a diameter of 30mm and a height of 15mm. The brim is an annular structure with a width of 10mm and an outer diameter of 60mm, which is larger than the outer diameter of the gun barrel 2 (50mm), ensuring effective restriction of the insertion depth of the centering roller 3. The detachable connection between the centering cap 4 and the centering roller 3 is a threaded connection. The centering cap 4 has an internal thread of M16×2, which matches the external thread at the front end of the centering roller 3. The centering cap 4 is made of carbon steel and galvanized to improve corrosion resistance. In practical applications, other models of this component can also be selected, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0065] Based on the diameter of the gun barrel 2 and the specifications of the centering rod 3, a centering rod cap 4 of the corresponding size is selected and fixed to the front end of the centering rod 3 via a threaded connection. During assembly, the centering rod 3 is inserted into the outlet of the gun barrel 2, with the cap brim contacting the outlet end face of the gun barrel 2, restricting the centering rod 3 from further insertion. When it is necessary to replace it to adapt to different specifications, the original centering rod cap 4 is unscrewed and replaced with a new one. This achieves compatibility between the centering rod cap 4 and gun barrels 2 and centering rods 3 of different diameters, improves the versatility of the components, extends the service life of the centering rod 3, and reduces the replacement cost of experimental components.

[0066] Example 4 An unreasonable thickness design of the perforated baffle can lead to insufficient structural strength, making it unable to withstand the impact load in the experiment, or excessive thickness can increase the weight of the device and make installation inconvenient. It is urgent to optimize the thickness design according to the actual experimental requirements.

[0067] The perforated baffle 5 is a plate-like structure with uniform thickness. Its thickness is determined based on the firing pressure of the light gas cannon and experimental requirements, ensuring both structural strength and functional adaptability. When the firing pressure of the light gas cannon is 0.5-1 MPa, the thickness of the perforated baffle 5 is designed to be 5 mm; when the firing pressure is 1-2 MPa, the thickness is designed to be 8 mm; and when the firing pressure is 2-3 MPa, the thickness is designed to be 12 mm. This thickness range was determined through strength verification calculations to meet the impact load requirements under different firing pressures. The perforated baffle 5 is made of nickel-based alloy, with a thickness uniformity tolerance controlled within ±0.2 mm. It is formed using laser cutting technology, and the edges are deburred after cutting.

[0068] During the experiment, the thickness of the perforated baffle 5 corresponds to the structural strength sufficient to resist impact loads, preventing deformation or breakage. Simultaneously, the uniform thickness ensures even force distribution during projectile passage, preventing projectile deviation due to uneven thickness. This achieves a precise match between the thickness of the perforated baffle 5 and the launch pressure and experimental requirements, balancing structural strength and lightweight design, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the device under various experimental conditions.

[0069] Example 5 The fixed installation position of the baffle support makes it impossible to make fine adjustments during assembly, which makes the centering operation of the perforated baffle difficult. In addition, the high precision requirements for component manufacturing increase the processing cost. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an adjustable installation structure.

[0070] The baffle fixing bracket 7 is provided with a sliding groove hole for adjusting the position of the baffle support 6. The sliding groove hole on the baffle fixing bracket 7 is an elongated hole structure, 40mm in length and 13mm in width. The sliding groove hole is machined by milling, with a groove wall roughness Ra≤1.6μm, and the clearance with the M12 bolt is 0.3-0.5mm. The bottom of the baffle support 6 is provided with a protrusion structure that matches the sliding groove hole. The protrusion is 12mm wide and 20mm long. During assembly, the protrusion is embedded in the sliding groove hole and can move along the length of the sliding groove hole, with an adjustment range of 0-40mm.

[0071] During assembly, first fix the baffle fixing bracket 7 onto the impact chamber 1. Then, pass the M12 bolt through the sliding groove hole to connect with the baffle support 6, but do not tighten it. After inserting the centering roller 3, move the baffle support 6 along the sliding groove hole until the through hole of the perforated baffle 5 aligns with the centering roller 3. After alignment, tighten the bolt to fix the position of the baffle support 6. This reduces the manufacturing precision requirements of the baffle fixing bracket 7 and the baffle support 6, provides adjustment space for the up-and-down movement of the perforated baffle 5, makes the alignment operation more convenient, and improves assembly efficiency and alignment accuracy.

[0072] Experimental data 1) Projectile Separation Performance Experiment: Using a 5mm diameter core and an 8mm outer shell, with a 6.5mm through-hole diameter, 20 sets of repeated experiments were conducted. The results showed that the success rate of the core passing smoothly and the outer shell being completely blocked reached 98.5%. The maximum deviation of the axial direction after the projectile passed was 0.45°, which is far lower than the 5° deviation of the traditional baffle-less device. The repeatability error of the experimental data was ≤2%, verifying the stability and accuracy of the shell separation function.

[0073] 2) Energy regulation performance experiment: A 4×4 rectangular array of through holes (3mm diameter per hole) was used to test the airflow characteristics under a launch pressure of 1.5MPa. The results showed that the airflow dispersion uniformity reached 95.2%, and the impact energy could be continuously regulated within the range of 22%-78%, meeting the requirements for low-intensity impact (such as foam material buffering test) and multi-point loading (such as thin plate bending test), with an energy regulation accuracy error ≤3%.

[0074] 3) Safety protection performance test: Simulating 1-5mm metal fragments generated by projectile fragmentation, the fragment interception effect was tested under a launch pressure of 2MPa. The results showed that the perforated baffle had a 100% interception rate for all fragments, with no fragments detected outside the impact chamber, and the baffle surface showed no obvious deformation or damage, verifying the effectiveness of the safety protection function.

[0075] 4) Structural stability test: The device underwent 50 consecutive impact tests under a launch pressure of 2 MPa. Post-test testing showed that none of the components (perforated baffle, bolted connection, and sliding hole) were loose, deformed, or worn. The thickness variation of the perforated baffle was ≤0.02 mm, and the bolt tightening torque attenuation was ≤5%, demonstrating the long-term stability of the device.

[0076] The perforated baffle for a light gas cannon consists of a perforated baffle body, an axis alignment tube, and upper and lower fixed supports. The perforated baffle is an integral structure installed between the gas cannon's outlet and the impacted specimen. Its through-hole shape can be circular, square, or polygonal, and the material can be metal or high-strength composite material. The thickness is determined according to the firing pressure and experimental requirements. The shape, size, and number of through-holes can be flexibly designed; they can be a single circular hole or multiple uniformly or non-uniformly distributed small holes. The hole diameter range is modified according to the actual experimental design. When the light gas cannon fires, the through-holes can perform the following functions according to the design parameters: Firstly, when the diameter of the through-hole is smaller than the diameter of the projectile's outer shell but close to the diameter of the projectile's core, during the firing of the light gas gun, the projectile's core can smoothly pass through the through-hole under the action of inertia, while the larger outer shell is blocked by the baffle, thus achieving natural separation of the projectile. This method avoids the complexity of traditional mechanical separation devices, allowing the separation process to be completed by the structure itself. The process is simple and reliable, and is suitable for studying the independent flight state of the projectile core in scientific research experiments.

[0077] Secondly, when the orifice diameter is designed to a specific size, the orifice can limit the flow of high-speed jetting air or shape the nozzle. By adjusting the orifice size and shape, the airflow velocity distribution and flow field characteristics can be effectively changed, thereby obtaining concentrated or diffused jetting effects and improving the applicability and experimental controllability of the light air gun in aerodynamic research.

[0078] Third, when the baffle is designed with a porous structure, the through holes can disperse the original single high-speed airflow into multiple fine jets, allowing the impact energy to be evenly distributed in space. This design can meet the needs of distributed loading experiments, low-intensity impact research, and multi-point impact simulation, and helps to expand the application range of lightweight gas guns.

[0079] Furthermore, this invention possesses significant safety protection features. Compared to traditional open outlets, the baffle effectively blocks debris, fragments, or irregular particles that may be generated during the experiment, preventing them from flying out directly and significantly reducing potential threats to the experimental environment and operators. While ensuring the reliability of experimental data, this invention further improves the safety and operability of the lightweight gas cannon system.

[0080] In summary, this invention provides a perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon. By incorporating a perforated baffle within the impact chamber of the light gas cannon, and through the rational design of the centering rod, centering rod cap, baffle support, and baffle fixing bracket, a compact, multifunctional, and reliable light gas cannon exit control device is formed. This device not only enables the natural release of the projectile but also limits, shapes, and disperses the airflow, while providing safety protection. By replacing different types of baffles, this invention can adapt to various experimental needs, significantly improving the applicability and reliability of the light gas cannon.

[0081] The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A perforated baffle device for a light air gun, used for installation inside the impact chamber (1) of a light air gun and located between the outlet of the gun barrel (2) and the impacted specimen, comprising a support and fixing assembly for supporting and fixing the core component, characterized in that, The support and fixing assembly is equipped with a perforated baffle (5), which has through holes for projectile separation and interception of experimental debris; the outlet of the gun barrel (2) is provided with a centering assembly for aligning the through holes of the perforated baffle (5) with the axis of the gun barrel (2), the centering assembly includes a centering rod (3) and a centering rod cap (4) installed at the front end of the centering rod (3), the centering rod cap (4) is used to limit the depth of the centering rod (3) sliding into the gun barrel (2); the support and fixing assembly includes a baffle fixing bracket (7) and a baffle support (6), the baffle support (6) is installed on the baffle fixing bracket (7), the perforated baffle (5) is fixed on the baffle support (6), and the baffle fixing bracket (7) is connected to the specimen fixing support of the light gas gun impact chamber (1).

2. The perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the through hole is larger than the diameter of the projectile core and smaller than the diameter of the projectile shell.

3. The perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through hole is circular or polygonal, and its center coincides with the geometric center of the perforated baffle (5).

4. The perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through holes are multiple and are distributed in a concentric circle or rectangular array on the perforated baffle (5).

5. The perforated baffle device for a light air cannon according to claim 4, characterized in that, The apertures of each through hole may be the same or different, and the configuration is based on experimental requirements to achieve screening of multiple types of particles or airflow control.

6. The perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centering rod (3) is a slender rod-shaped structure that can be inserted into the outlet of the gun barrel (2) to guide the perforated baffle (5) to be accurately centered. After assembly, it can be removed as a whole.

7. The perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centering cap (4) is detachable, and the edge of the centering cap (4) is provided with a brim. The outer diameter of the brim is larger than the diameter of the gun barrel (2).

8. The perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforated baffle (5) is a plate-shaped structure with uniform thickness. Its thickness is determined according to the firing pressure of the light air gun and the experimental requirements, in order to ensure the structural strength and functional adaptability of the perforated baffle (5).

9. The perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle fixing bracket (7) is provided with a sliding groove hole, which is used to adjust the position of the baffle support (6).

10. The perforated baffle device for a light gas cannon according to claim 1, characterized in that, The perforated baffle (5) and the baffle support (6), and the baffle support (6) and the baffle fixing bracket (7) are all fixedly connected by bolts and nuts.

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