Torsion test device and torque measurement method

Abstract

The invention discloses a torsion test device and a torque measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of mechanical testing. According to the device, the power gear rotates through the stepping motor, then the transmission gear is driven to rotate, a torque effect is applied to one end of the test piece through the transmission gear axon, the other end of the test piece is fixed by the test piece secondary support axon, and the axon and the guide rod convert the torque into a pressure value for the pressure sensor. The pressure value multiplies the length of the guide rod to obtain torque. According to the device, torque is converted into pressure, so that torque measurement is simpler and more accurate, and wide-range torque measurement can be conveniently realized by replacing guide rods with different lengths; the power gear drives the driven gear to apply torsion, and loading of torque in a larger range can be provided through matching of different gear ratios. In a word, compared with a torsion testing machine in the market, the device is larger in torque loading range, more accurate in torque measurement value and wider in application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical testing technology, specifically relating to a torsion testing device and a torque measurement method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of materials science, experimental research on the torsional properties of materials is crucial, making the application and measurement of torsional force (torque) essential. Ordinary torsion testing machines typically use a motor to directly drive the specimen to twist, and the applied torque is limited by the motor's maximum power. Higher torque requires a more powerful motor, necessitating the replacement of the testing machine with a more powerful one. Furthermore, the torque is measured by a torque sensor fixed to the testing machine, and its measurement range and accuracy are also limited. To adapt to various torsional loading scenarios, multiple models of torque testing devices must be purchased to meet different experimental needs, increasing testing costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a torque testing device that can quickly and conveniently meet the needs of different torque loading tests, such as large, medium, small, and micro, by replacing low-cost parts, while maintaining high measurement accuracy.

[0004] Technical Solution: To solve the problems of the prior art, the technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0005] A torsion testing apparatus and measurement method, the apparatus comprising a base platform, a drive gear, a transmission gear, a main and secondary support for the specimen, a cross shaft of the transmission gear, bearings #1, #2 and #3, a torque-to-pressure guide rod, a guide rod shaft, a stepper motor, and a spoke-type pressure sensor and its acquisition and control system, etc.

[0006] A torsion testing device comprises a stepper motor (10) connected to a power gear (2), a power gear (2) meshing with a transmission gear (3), and a transmission gear (3) assembled with a cross shaft (4) and main supports and bearings 1# and 2#. A secondary support for fixing the specimen and a guide rod shaft and bearing 3# are assembled together. The fixed end is connected to one end of a torque-to-pressure guide rod, and the other end of the guide rod presses against the pressure sensor's pressure surface. The specimen to be torsion is fixed between the main and secondary supports.

[0007] The length of the guide rod is changed according to the torque requirement, and the fixed position of the pressure sensor also changes with the length of the guide rod. Specifically, when a larger torque value needs to be measured, a longer guide rod is used so that the maximum pressure that the pressure sensor can measure multiplied by the length of the guide rod is greater than the maximum torque value.

[0008] The gear ratio between the transmission gear and the power gear can be varied according to the required torque value or torsional speed. Specifically, when a larger torque value is required, the gear ratio is adjusted so that the maximum torque that the stepper motor can apply multiplied by the gear ratio is greater than the required torque value. The corresponding fixed position of the stepper motor also needs to be adjusted to meet the gear meshing requirements. The adjustment of the torsional speed requires comprehensive consideration of the coordination between the motor speed, torque value, and gear ratio.

[0009] Key features: Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages:

[0010] (1) According to the test requirements, different torques can be generated by meshing transmission gears of different diameters or different loading speeds can be achieved when generating the same torque.

[0011] (2) Depending on the test requirements, different lengths of guide rods and pressure sensors can be used to achieve torque measurement with different accuracy and range.

[0012] (3) Replacing the above-mentioned components is cheaper and more effective than replacing the whole machine. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Appendix Figure 1 Front view of the device. Explanation of the reference numerals:

[0014] 1) Base platform

[0015] 2) Power gear

[0016] 3) Transmission gears

[0017] 4) Transmission gear cross shaft

[0018] 5) Specimen fixing main support

[0019] 6) Specimen fixing secondary support

[0020] 7) Main support - Bearing 1#

[0021] 8) Secondary support - Bearing #3

[0022] 9) Pressure sensor

[0023] 10) Stepper motor

[0024] 11) Torque-driven pressure guide rod

[0025] 12) Guide rod axle

[0026] 100) Torsion test specimen

[0027] 101) Torsion test control system.

[0028] Appendix Figure 2 Rear view of the device. Labeling explanation:

[0029] 5) Specimen fixing main support

[0030] 13) Main support - Bearing #2

[0031] 14) Control data cable.

[0032] Appendix Figure 3 Device diagram (front view).

[0033] Appendix Figure 4 Device diagram (rear view).

[0034] Appendix Figure 5 Diagram of the device (left view).

[0035] Appendix Figure 6 Diagram of the device (right view).

[0036] Appendix Figure 7 Diagram of the device (top view).

[0037] Appendix Figure 8 Transmission gear cross shaft.

[0038] Appendix Figure 9 Guide rod axle.

[0039] Appendix Figure 10 Enlarged view of the specimen fixing position Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments are implemented based on the technical solutions of the present invention. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0041] As shown in the figure, the stepper motor is connected to the drive gear via the motor shaft. The drive gear meshes with the transmission gear, which is connected to the cross-shaped mounting hole in its center. The cross-shaped mounting hole is connected to the cross-shaped shaft via two side cams and two inner rings of bearings. The outer rings of the two bearings are clamped to the main support for fixing the specimen. The above devices together constitute the loading end system of the specimen for the torsion test.

[0042] The secondary support shaft is connected and secured to the inner ring of bearing #3, and the specimen fixing secondary support is connected and secured to the outer ring of bearing #3. These devices together constitute the specimen constraint end system for the torsion test.

[0043] As shown in the figure, both ends of the torsion specimen are fixed to the cross-shaped axle of the main support and the axle of the secondary support, respectively. The entire device is fixed on the base platform. The stepper motor is started, the power gear rotates, and drives the transmission gear and its cross-shaped axle to rotate, thereby causing one end of the torsion specimen to twist, while the other end is constrained. Because the constrained end is connected to a guide rod, the tendency of the guide rod to rotate is prevented by a pressure sensor at the other end of the guide rod. The resisting force is measured by the pressure sensor, and the torque is calculated based on this pressure.

[0044] Torque magnitude: T = F × L. Where: L: rod length, F: pressure.

[0045] In actual operation, there may be three scenarios: Scenario ①: The stepper motor drives the power gear, which in turn causes the transmission gear to rotate. Then, one end of the specimen is fixed and the other end is twisted until the test is completed; Scenario ②: After the stepper motor is powered on, due to the excessive torsional strength of the specimen, the rotation tendency of the motor shaft is suppressed after a series of transmissions because the specimen does not rotate, causing the motor to "stalle"; Scenario ③: After the stepper motor is powered on, the specimen is twisted, but the twisting rate does not meet the requirements, such as loading too slowly or too quickly, or the force value measured by the sensor is too small and inaccurate, or too large and exceeds the force sensing range.

[0046] In scenario ① above, under ideal loading conditions, the force sensor continuously outputs a pressure value related to the loading torque. Scenario ② and ③ above can be addressed in the solution of this invention by adjusting the spare gear disk, connecting rod, and force sensor. Specifically: When scenario ② occurs, indicating insufficient torque provided by the stepper motor, a gear set with a larger gear ratio can be replaced. Simultaneously, the distance between the stepper motor and the support can be appropriately adjusted to ensure the meshing of the new gear set, thus driving the specimen to twist and completing the torsion experiment. When scenario ③ occurs, if the rotational speed is too slow, a gear set with a smaller gear ratio can be replaced while meeting the torque value to increase the rotational speed; conversely, the rotational speed can be increased. Furthermore, when the torque is too high, causing the pressure sensor to exceed its range, a longer guide rod can be used, allowing the original range pressure sensor to still measure greater torque within its pressure tolerance range. Similarly, when the torque is too low, or even when the pressure sensor's accuracy is insufficient, a shorter guide rod can be used, replacing the more expensive pressure sensor with the cost of replacing a guide rod of a different length.

[0047] In summary, different testing solutions can be achieved by simply replacing different parts to meet different situations, thus achieving the goal of using one machine for multiple purposes.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A torsion test device and a method of measuring torque, characterized in that It comprises: Stepping motor (10), power gear (2) connected with stepping motor (10), transmission gear (3) engaged with power gear (2), transmission gear (3) and cross shaft protrusion (4) and main support-bearing 1# and 2# assembled into a torsion loading device; The device for fixing the test piece is assembled by the secondary support, the guide rod shaft protrusion and the bearing 3#. The fixed end extends a torsion pressure guide rod, the other end of the guide rod presses on the pressure sensor pressure ring, and the test piece is fixed between the main and secondary supports.

2. According to the right 1 claim, characterized by the driving gear and the transmission gear engaged to realize the conversion of small torque into large torque, in actual use, by replacing the two gears, different loading torque and loading speed can be realized to meet different test requirements.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein The guide rod shaft protrusion on the connected secondary support is fixed with a guide rod, the other end of the guide rod presses on the pressure sensor to realize the conversion of torque measurement into pressure measurement, and by replacing the connecting rod, larger torque can be converted into small pressure measurement without adjusting the sensor.

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