Power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling modes and temperature control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling modes and a temperature control method thereof.The power battery comprises a box body, a battery cell cooling chamber is arranged in the box body, multiple battery cell sets are arranged in the battery cell cooling chamber, the space between the battery cell sets is further filled with the solid-solid-solid-liquid dual phase change materials, and the solid-solid-liquid dual phase change materials are arranged in the box body. The lower part of the battery cell cooling chamber is communicated with a liquid-phase material collecting system, the upper part of the battery cell cooling chamber is communicated with a solid-phase particle feeding system, the liquid-phase material collecting system is communicated with the solid-phase particle feeding system from the outside of the battery cell cooling chamber, and a liquid cooling circulating system is arranged between the liquid-phase material collecting system and the solid-phase particle feeding system; and a fin-shaped radiator group is arranged around each battery cell group and is connected with a condensing agent circulating system. The heat dissipation efficiency and the temperature field uniformity can be obviously improved, the sudden temperature rise condition under the high load of the battery can be quickly dealt with, and the temperature rise problem in the scenes of quick charging, high-speed driving and the like can be effectively relieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a dual-phase-change-material and multi-cooling-mode power battery and a temperature control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of power battery cooling. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, the performance, safety and service life of the power battery as a core component directly determine the practicability and reliability of the vehicle. A large amount of heat is generated in the charging and discharging process of the power battery, and if the heat cannot be dissipated in time, the battery temperature will rise sharply, and when the safety threshold is exceeded, a thermal runaway accident may be caused, which seriously threatens the safety of the driver and passengers. Studies have shown that the optimal working temperature range of a lithium ion battery is 20 DEG C to 40 DEG C, and the temperature uniformity should be controlled within 5 DEG C. Too high or too low operating temperature will accelerate the performance degradation of the battery, reduce the capacity retention rate and shorten the cycle life. Therefore, an efficient and accurate thermal management system that can adapt to various working conditions has become a key link in the development of the power battery technology, and has great practical significance for promoting the healthy development of the electric vehicle industry.

[0003] The current power battery cooling methods mainly include air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material cooling and a composite cooling system combining multiple methods. Single cooling method has limitations and is difficult to meet the thermal management needs of high-energy-density power batteries under all-weather conditions and complex operating conditions. Especially in harsh conditions such as high-temperature environment, fast charging and high-rate discharging, the battery heat generation increases sharply, and the traditional cooling system often cannot achieve effective temperature control. Therefore, a new efficient thermal management scheme is proposed, which organically couples dual-phase-change-material and multiple cooling technologies, and has outstanding engineering application value for solving the battery thermal safety problem and improving the vehicle performance. SUMMARY

[0004] The application aims at the above-mentioned problems, and provides a dual-phase-change-material and multi-cooling-mode power battery and a temperature control method thereof, which can enable direct contact between the solid-solid-solid-liquid phase change cooling material and the power battery, and the material phase change process can absorb and release a large amount of latent heat to regulate the temperature of the battery cell group, and at the same time, the defects of limited heat conduction rate and insufficient long-term stability of single phase change material are compensated by coupling other cooling methods. The application can not only significantly improve the heat dissipation efficiency and temperature field uniformity, and quickly respond to the sudden temperature rise under high load of the battery, but also can effectively alleviate the temperature rise problem in fast charging, high-speed driving and other scenes.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: A dual phase change material and multi-cooling mode power battery, comprising a box body, an electric core cooling chamber is arranged in the box body, a plurality of electric core groups are arranged in the electric core cooling chamber, solid-solid-solid liquid dual phase change materials are filled between the electric core groups, a liquid phase material collecting system is communicated with the lower part of the electric core cooling chamber, a solid phase particle feeding system is communicated with the upper part of the electric core cooling chamber, the liquid phase material collecting system is communicated with the solid phase particle feeding system outside the electric core cooling chamber, and a liquid cooling circulation system is arranged between the liquid phase material collecting system and the solid phase particle feeding system; fin-shaped radiator groups are arranged around each electric core group, and a condensate circulating system is connected to the fin-shaped radiator groups.

[0006] Alternatively, a condensate circulating coil is arranged on the top of the box body and is coupled with a vehicle air conditioning system.

[0007] Alternatively, an air cooling heat dissipation system is arranged in the box body, the air cooling heat dissipation system comprises an air cooling chamber, an air inlet assembly and an air outlet assembly which are communicated with the outside are arranged in the air cooling chamber, and the air cooling heat dissipation system and the electric core cooling chamber are communicated through an air exchange channel.

[0008] Alternatively, the fin-shaped radiator groups comprise a main fin-shaped radiator, a plurality of branch fin-shaped radiators are connected to the main fin-shaped radiator, the main fin-shaped radiator and the branch fin-shaped radiators divide the electric core cooling chamber into a plurality of areas, and one electric core group is arranged in each area; the main fin-shaped radiator and / or the branch fin-shaped radiator has an internal chamber, the internal chamber is communicated with the condensate circulating system, guide plates which are arranged in an up-down cross manner are arranged in the internal chamber, and vertical heat dissipation fins and horizontal heat dissipation fins are alternately arranged on the front and back of the shell of the main fin-shaped radiator and / or the branch fin-shaped radiator.

[0009] Alternatively, the condensate circulating system comprises a condensate compressor which is arranged on the side of the electric core cooling chamber, the condensate compressor is communicated with a high-pressure condensate header pipe through a high-pressure condensate manifold, an expansion valve is arranged at the outlet position of the high-pressure condensate header pipe, the expansion valve is communicated with the main fin-shaped radiator and the branch fin-shaped radiator through a low-pressure condensate injection pipe, the main fin-shaped radiator and the branch fin-shaped radiator are connected with a low-pressure condensate return pipe, and the low-pressure condensate return pipe is connected with the condensate compressor through a low-pressure condensate manifold and a condensate low-pressure circulating coil.

[0010] Alternatively, the liquid phase material collecting system comprises a liquid collecting tank which is arranged below the electric core cooling chamber, a closable liquid flow channel is arranged between the liquid collecting tank and the electric core cooling chamber, a high-pressure liquid pump is arranged in the liquid collecting tank, at least one group of liquid phase change material conveying pipes is connected to the high-pressure liquid pump, and the liquid phase change material conveying pipes are connected with the solid phase particle feeding system.

[0011] Optionally, the liquid phase change material delivery pipe is equipped with an atomizing device, the atomizing device is equipped with an atomizing nozzle, and a return channel is provided around the atomizing nozzle.

[0012] Optionally, the solid particle dispensing system includes at least one set of phase change material distribution pipes connected to the liquid phase change material conveying pipes. Each set of phase change material distribution pipes is connected to a solid particle equalization mechanism. The solid particle equalization mechanism includes a rotating batching box connected to a rotating motor. The bottom surface of the rotating batching box is provided with a conical surface. The upper part of the rotating batching box is provided with a mist material inlet, and the lower side is provided with a solid particle outlet. It also includes multiple solid particle dispensing troughs located above the cell cooling chamber. The outlet of each solid particle dispensing trough is connected to a different position in the cell cooling chamber. Each solid particle dispensing trough has a dispensing trough inlet. The rotating motor rotates to drive the solid particle outlet to connect with the inlets of different dispensing troughs.

[0013] Optionally, the outer periphery of the rotating batching box is provided with a liquid cooling chamber, the inner sidewall of the liquid cooling chamber is provided with cooling fins, the liquid cooling chamber is connected to the liquid cooling circulation system, the liquid cooling circulation system includes a cooling water tank, the cooling water tank is connected to a coolant circulation pump through a pipe, and the coolant circulation pump is connected back to the cooling water tank through the liquid cooling chamber.

[0014] A temperature control method for a power battery using dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods includes the following steps: A: The solid-solid dual phase change material filled between the cells in the cell cooling chamber absorbs the heat of the battery. The solid phase change material continues to fill between the cells to reduce the surface temperature of the cells, while the solid-liquid phase change material becomes liquid and flows into the liquid phase material collection system. Then, it enters the solid phase particle delivery system through the liquid phase change material delivery pipe. During the flow process, it is cooled by the liquid cooling circulation system and becomes solid again before entering the cell cooling chamber again. B: The solid-solid phase change material comes into contact with the finned heat sink assembly, transferring the heat generated by the battery to the finned heat sink assembly; the condensate circulation system connected to the finned heat sink assembly is used to remove the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material, and the heat exchange cycle is completed inside the condensate circulation system.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention provides a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, and a temperature control method thereof. The solid-solid-solid-liquid hybrid phase change material absorbs a large amount of heat during the phase change process while the temperature remains almost constant, forming a thermal buffer zone. This effectively suppresses the instantaneous temperature rise during battery charging and discharging, avoiding the risk of thermal runaway. When the solid-solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material absorbs heat to near saturation, the solid-liquid phase change material will circulate and dissipate heat. The coupled active cooling system is activated to quickly remove heat. The synergistic effect of the two can cover the entire stage of cell temperature rise, forming a dual-layer protection mechanism of rapid response and continuous absorption, significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0016] 2. The present invention provides a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods and its temperature control method. An atomizing device is set inside the liquid phase change material conveying pipe to atomize the liquid phase material, which can effectively increase the heat exchange area of ​​the liquid phase change material, ensuring that it can fully exchange heat and condense into a solid state inside the solid phase particle equalization mechanism. Moreover, the solid phase particle equalization mechanism is a rotary equalization distribution mechanism, which can make the solid phase particle material redistributed evenly between the cells.

[0017] 3. The present invention provides a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, and a temperature control method thereof. The heat absorption capacity of the solid-solid-solid-liquid hybrid phase change material can extend the intermittent operation time of the active cooling system and reduce the operating frequency of energy-consuming components such as pumps and fans. Moreover, the phase change material can release stored heat in low-temperature environments to assist in battery heating, reduce additional heating energy consumption, and achieve "dual-effect" utilization of heat and cold.

[0018] 4. The present invention provides a dual phase change material and a power battery with multiple cooling methods and a temperature control method thereof. The cooling system is also coupled with the vehicle air conditioning system and the external circulation ventilation system to extract and dissipate the heat of the power battery into the outdoor environment, thereby effectively controlling the temperature of the power battery under different charging and discharging conditions, thereby improving the charging and discharging performance of the power battery and increasing the driving range of new energy vehicles.

[0019] 5. The present invention provides a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, and its temperature control method. Due to the arrangement of the cooling system, the upper, lower, left and right sides of the battery box have buffer space, which can reduce the damage to the power battery when a collision occurs. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is an internal schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layer where the refrigerant circulation coil is located.

[0023] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the layer where the air-cooled heat dissipation system is located.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the layer where the solid particle delivery system is located.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the floor where the battery cell cooling chamber is located.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the layer where the liquid phase material collection system is located.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a side view of the structure above the cell cooling chamber of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the air vent assembly.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet assembly.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an atomizing device.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a solid-phase particle homogenization mechanism.

[0032] In the diagram, the markings are: 1-box, 2-cell cooling chamber, 201-cell assembly, 3-solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material, 4-liquid material collection system, 401-collection tank, 402-closedable liquid flow channel, 403-high-pressure delivery pump, 5-solid particle dispensing system, 501-phase change material distribution pipe, 502-solid particle equalization mechanism, 503-rotary dispensing box, 504-mist material inlet, 505-... - Solid particle outlet, 506- Solid particle feeding tank, 507- Liquid cooling chamber, 508- Cooling fins, 509- Rotary motor, 510- Feeding tank inlet, 6- Liquid cooling circulation system, 601- Cooling water tank, 602- Coolant circulating water pump, 603- Coolant manifold, 604- Coolant flow box one, 605- Flow channel, 606- Coolant flow box two, 607- Coolant branch pipe, 60 8-Coolant return pipe, 609-Phase change material coolant line, 7-Finned radiator assembly, 701-Main finned radiator, 702-Branch finned radiator, 703-Vertical heat dissipation fins, 704-Horizontal heat dissipation fins, 705-Baffle plate, 8-Refrigerant circulation system, 801-Refrigerant compressor, 802-High-pressure refrigerant manifold, 803-High-pressure refrigerant collector, 804-Expansion valve 805-Low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe, 806-Low-pressure refrigerant return pipe, 807-Low-pressure refrigerant manifold, 9-Refrigerant circulation coil, 10-Air-cooled heat dissipation system, 1001-Air-cooled chamber, 1002-Air inlet assembly, 1003-Air outlet assembly, 1004-Ventilation channel, 11-Liquid phase change material delivery pipe, 12-Atomizing device, 1201-Atomizing nozzle, 1202-Return channel. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0035] A power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, the device includes a housing 1, inside which is a cell cooling chamber 2. Multiple cell groups 201 are housed within the cell cooling chamber 2, and solid-solid / solid-liquid dual phase change material 3 is filled between the cell groups 201. A liquid phase material collection system 4 is connected to the bottom of the cell cooling chamber 2, and a solid phase particle delivery system 5 is connected to the top of the cell cooling chamber 2. The liquid phase material collection system 4 is connected to the solid phase particle delivery system 5 from outside the cell cooling chamber 2. Each cell group 201 is surrounded by a finned heat sink group 7, which is connected to a refrigerant circulation system 8.

[0036] Specifically, the heat absorbed or released by a phase change material during a phase change process (such as from solid to solid or from liquid to solid) is called the heat of phase change or latent heat. This heat is used to break or form the attraction between material molecules, rather than to raise or lower the material's temperature. This energy storage mechanism allows the phase change material to absorb or release a large amount of heat during a phase change with minimal temperature change. Therefore, the material's temperature remains relatively constant during the phase change process, ensuring that the battery cell assembly 201 operates at a constant temperature, thus improving its performance and reliability. Furthermore, this solution uses a mixture of solid-solid and solid-liquid phase change materials in contact with the battery cell assembly 201. The solid-solid and solid-liquid phase change materials employ different phase change temperatures; specifically, the solid-solid phase change material has a lower phase change temperature than the solid-liquid phase change material. The combination of the two forms a multi-stage temperature control system. The solid-solid phase change material absorbs initial heat, and when its temperature rises to the phase change temperature of the solid-liquid phase change material, the latter comes into play, thereby extending the overall temperature control time and reducing temperature fluctuations. The solid-solid phase change material is in block form, while the solid-liquid phase change material is in granular form. The block structure is fixed within the cell cooling chamber 2, which can locally block and isolate the flow of the granular structure during vehicle acceleration, deceleration, and braking, disrupting the turbulence of the solid-liquid material and reducing the impact on the cell assembly 201. Simultaneously, the granular material fills the gaps in the block material, acting as a heat transfer medium to transfer heat from the cell assembly 201 to the solid-solid phase change material, and then to the finned radiator assembly 7, improving heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, due to the high energy density of the solid-solid-liquid phase change material, it typically requires less material and is lighter in weight to store the same amount of heat energy. Therefore, by reducing turbulence and weight, the impact on the cell assembly 201 and vehicle stability caused by impact can be effectively reduced. During charging and discharging, the surface temperature of the cell assembly 201 gradually rises, and the solid-solid-liquid phase change material in contact with the surface of the cell assembly 201 begins to absorb heat, lowering the temperature of the cell assembly 201. After the solid-liquid phase change material reaches its phase change temperature, it absorbs the heat from the battery cell assembly 201 and transforms into a liquid material. It then enters the liquid material collection system 4 from the battery cell cooling chamber 2, is cooled by the liquid cooling circulation system 6, and is transported to the solid particle delivery system 5. Finally, it falls back into the battery cell cooling chamber 2 from above, achieving the recycling of the solid-liquid phase change material. Furthermore, finned heat sinks 7 are located between each battery cell assembly. They transfer heat from the solid-solid phase change material surrounding each battery cell, as well as the solid-liquid phase change material in its solid state, to the outside environment. Cooling is achieved through the refrigerant circulation system 8, maintaining the external temperature even at a low initial temperature and improving cooling efficiency.

[0037] As another specific implementation, a refrigerant circulation coil 9 is also included, which is located at the top of the battery housing 1 and coupled to the vehicle's air conditioning system. It is directly connected to the vehicle's air conditioning system, and the liquid cooling circulation system 6 can exchange heat with it as it flows through the uppermost area of ​​the battery housing 1, thereby reducing the cooling water temperature.

[0038] As another specific implementation, it also includes a wind-cooled heat dissipation system 10 disposed within the housing 1. The wind-cooled heat dissipation system 10 includes a wind-cooled chamber 1001, which is provided with an air inlet assembly 1002 and an air outlet assembly 1003 communicating with the outside. The wind-cooled heat dissipation system 10 and the cell cooling chamber 2 are connected through a ventilation channel 1004. It can maintain the internal pressure balance of the cell cooling chamber 2 while reducing the heat generated by the housing 1, and dissipate heat through air circulation. Cold air enters the lower part of the battery housing 1 from the air inlet assembly 1002 and is discharged together with the internal hot air through the air outlet assembly 1003, thereby reducing the temperature.

[0039] Specifically, the air inlet assembly 1002 includes an air inlet end cap facing the outside of the housing 1 and an air inlet outer shell on the inside. The air inlet end cap is provided with a first air inlet channel. An air inlet solenoid valve for controlling the opening and closing of the vent is provided inside the first air inlet channel. An air circulation fan is provided inside the air inlet solenoid valve. An air circulation channel filled with dry filler is provided inside the air circulation fan. The air inlet outer shell is provided with a second air inlet channel, which is located inside the air circulation channel.

[0040] When the detected temperature is too high, the air intake solenoid valve and the air circulation fan are turned on. External air enters the air intake solenoid valve and the air circulation fan from the first air intake channel, and then enters the air-cooled chamber 1001 from the second air intake channel. Then, it exchanges air with the battery cell cooling chamber 2 through the ventilation channel 1004.

[0041] like Figure 9 As shown, the air outlet assembly 1003 includes an air outlet shell facing the outside of the housing 1 and an air outlet valve seat on the inside. The outer side of the air outlet shell is provided with an air outlet flow channel and the inner side is provided with a ventilation groove. A spring is provided in the ventilation groove. An air outlet one-way valve core is provided on the outer side of the air outlet valve seat. The air outlet one-way valve core is in contact with the spring on the outer side, and the outer diameter of the air outlet one-way valve core is smaller than that of the ventilation groove. The air outlet one-way valve core can be moved into the ventilation groove.

[0042] like Figure 10As shown, when the air inlet assembly 1002 is opened, external air enters the air-cooled chamber 1001, or when the air expands due to the heating of the battery cell, resulting in excessive air pressure, the air compresses the air outlet one-way valve core and the spring. The air outlet one-way valve core leaves the air outlet valve seat, and the air enters the air inlet assembly 1002, passes through the gap between the air outlet one-way valve core and the ventilation slot, and flows out to the outside through the air outlet channel.

[0043] In another specific embodiment, the finned radiator group 7 includes a main finned radiator 701, which is connected to multiple branch finned radiators 702. The main finned radiator 701 and the branch finned radiators 702 divide the cell cooling chamber 2 into multiple regions, and each region is provided with a cell group 201. The main finned radiator 701 and / or the branch finned radiators 702 have internal chambers, which are connected to the refrigerant circulation system 8, and the internal chambers are provided with guide plates 705 arranged vertically and horizontally. The outer shells of the main finned radiator 701 and / or the branch finned radiators 702 are alternately arranged with vertical heat dissipation fins 703 and horizontal heat dissipation fins 704.

[0044] The solid-solid-liquid phase change material 3 contacts the branch finned heat sink 702 and the main finned heat sink 701, transferring the heat generated by the battery to them. Heat dissipation fins, increasing the heat exchange area, are arranged alternately on the surfaces of the branch finned heat sink 702 and the main finned heat sink 701 to improve utilization. This arrangement further controls the battery surface temperature and also suppresses fluctuations of the solid-solid-liquid phase change material inside the battery compartment after it liquefies. An internal low-pressure refrigerant circulation channel removes the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-liquid phase change material. A guide plate 705, located inside the finned heat sink, guides the refrigerant, ensuring it flows along an S-shaped path within the heat sink, improving refrigerant efficiency. The internal chamber has an inlet and an outlet port connected to the refrigerant circulation system 8.

[0045] In another specific embodiment, the refrigerant circulation system 8 includes a refrigerant compressor 801 located on the side of the cell cooling chamber 2. The refrigerant compressor 801 is connected to a high-pressure refrigerant manifold 802 and a high-pressure refrigerant collector 803. An expansion valve 804 is provided at the outlet of the high-pressure refrigerant collector 803. The expansion valve 804 is connected to the main finned radiator 701 and the branch finned radiator 702 via a low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe 805. The main finned radiator 701 and the branch finned radiator 702 are connected to a low-pressure refrigerant return pipe 806. The low-pressure refrigerant return pipe 806 is connected to the refrigerant compressor 801 via a low-pressure refrigerant manifold 807. The heat exchanged between the branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 is carried away by the low-pressure refrigerant inside. The circulation method is as follows: the compressor generates high-pressure refrigerant, which flows through the high-pressure refrigerant manifold 802 to the high-pressure refrigerant collector 803, and then through the expansion valve 804 to form low-pressure refrigerant. This low-pressure refrigerant is then injected into the branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 through the low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe 805 for circulating heat exchange. After that, it flows back to the low-pressure refrigerant manifold 807 through the low-pressure refrigerant return pipe 806 and returns to the compressor to complete the cycle.

[0046] In another specific embodiment, the liquid material collection system 4 includes a collection tank 401 located below the cell cooling chamber 2. A closable liquid flow channel 402 is provided between the collection tank 401 and the cell cooling chamber 2. A high-pressure delivery pump 403 is installed inside the collection tank 401. The high-pressure delivery pump 403 is connected to at least one set of liquid phase change material delivery pipes 11, which are connected to the solid particle delivery system 5. After absorbing heat from the battery, the solid-solid / solid-liquid dual phase change material 3 mixture filling the cells becomes liquid and flows into the collection tank 401 through the closable liquid flow channel 402 on the lower partition. The solid-solid phase change material continues to fill the spaces between the cells to reduce the surface temperature of the cells. After flowing into the collection tank 401, the solid-liquid phase change material is pressurized by the high-pressure delivery pump 403 and then sent to the liquid phase change material delivery pipes 11.

[0047] As another specific implementation method, such as Figure 11As shown, an atomizing device 12 is installed inside the liquid phase change material conveying pipe 11, and an atomizing nozzle 1201 is installed inside the atomizing device 12. A return channel 1202 is provided around the atomizing nozzle 1201. The atomizing device 12 inside the liquid phase change material conveying pipe 11 atomizes the liquid phase material, which can effectively increase the heat exchange area of ​​the liquid phase change material, ensuring that it can fully exchange heat and condense into a solid state inside the solid phase particle equalization mechanism 502. The return channel 1202 consists of small holes around the atomizing nozzle 1201, ensuring that the water droplets condensed during the atomization process can re-enter the liquid phase change material conveying pipe 11 through the return channel, achieving re-atomization, improving the atomization utilization rate, and preventing water droplet accumulation.

[0048] As another specific implementation method, such as Figure 12 As shown, the solid particle dispensing system 5 includes at least one set of phase change material distribution pipes 501 connected to the liquid phase change material conveying pipe 11. Each set of phase change material distribution pipes 501 is connected to a solid particle equalization mechanism 502. The solid particle equalization mechanism 502 includes a rotating batching box 503 connected to a rotating motor 509. The bottom surface of the rotating batching box 503 is provided with a conical surface. The upper part of the rotating batching box 503 is provided with a mist material inlet 504, and the lower side is provided with a solid particle outlet 505. It also includes multiple solid particle dispensing troughs 506 located above the cell cooling chamber 2. The outlet of each solid particle dispensing trough 506 is connected to different positions in the cell cooling chamber 2. Each solid particle dispensing trough 506 has a dispensing trough inlet 510. The rotating motor 509 rotates to drive the solid particle outlet 505 to connect with different dispensing trough inlets 510. The atomized liquid phase change material, upon flowing through the cooling chamber inside the solid particle distribution mechanism 502, transforms into tiny solid particles that fall into the rotating feeding box 503 and enter the solid particle outlet 505. Driven by the built-in rotary motor 509, the solid particle outlet 505 rotates to align with the inlets 510 leading to different locations in the feeding slots, ultimately distributing the tiny solid particles evenly into different cell gaps via the solid particle feeding slot 506. In another specific embodiment, the outer periphery of the rotating batching box 503 is provided with a liquid cooling chamber 507, and the inner sidewall of the liquid cooling chamber 507 is provided with cooling fins 508. The liquid cooling chamber 507 is connected to the liquid cooling circulation system 6, and the liquid cooling circulation system 6 includes a cooling water tank 601. The cooling water tank 601 is connected to a coolant circulation pump 602 through a pipe, and the coolant circulation pump 602 is connected back to the cooling water tank 601 through the liquid cooling chamber 507. Specifically, the liquid cooling circulation system 6 includes a cooling water tank 601 located on the side of the cell cooling chamber 2. The cooling water tank 601 is connected to a coolant circulation pump 602 via a pipe. Above the coolant circulation pump 602, a phase change material coolant pipeline 609 is connected via a coolant manifold. The phase change material coolant pipeline 609 runs horizontally through the housing 1 and passes through each liquid cooling chamber 507 in sequence to cool the solid-liquid phase change materials inside all rotating feed boxes 503. Afterward, the phase change material coolant pipeline 609 runs downward through the inner side of the housing 1 and passes through a connecting coolant flow box 604 in the lower area of ​​the battery housing 1. The coolant flow box 604 is connected to a second coolant flow box 606 via a flow channel 605, and finally connects back to the cooling water tank 601. In addition, the liquid cooling circulation system 6 also includes a branch, which includes a coolant manifold 603 connected to the coolant manifold. A coolant branch pipe 607 is connected above the coolant manifold 603. The coolant branch pipe 607 connects to the chamber where the condenser circulation coil 9 is located in the upper part of the battery box 1 and then connects to the coolant return pipe 608. After that, the coolant return pipe 608 passes downward from the inside side of the box 1 and merges with the phase change material coolant pipeline 609 in the coolant flow box 604.

[0049] As an feasible implementation method, this solution divides the box 1 into multiple chambers using multi-layer partitions, such as... Figures 3-7 As shown, from top to bottom, the components are: condensate circulation coil 9, air-cooled heat dissipation system 10, solid particle delivery system 5, cell cooling chamber 2, and liquid material collection system 4. Additionally, as... Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a side plate located on the side of the multi-layer chamber, with a side cavity between the side plate and the box 1, and the connecting pipes between each layer pass through the side cavity.

[0050] A temperature control method for a power battery using dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods includes the following steps: A: The solid-solid dual phase change material 3 filled between the cells in the cell cooling chamber 2 absorbs the heat of the battery. The solid-solid phase change material continues to fill between the cells to reduce the surface temperature of the cells, while the solid-liquid phase change material becomes liquid and flows into the liquid phase material collection system 4. Then, it enters the solid phase particle delivery system 5 through the liquid phase change material delivery pipe 11. During the flow process, it is cooled down by the liquid cooling circulation system 6 and becomes solid again before entering the cell cooling chamber 2 again.

[0051] Specifically, the solid-solid dual phase change material 3 filling the cells arranged in the middle and lower chamber absorbs the heat of the battery. After the solid-liquid phase change material becomes liquid, it flows into the liquid collection tank 401 through the closable liquid flow channel 402 on the lower partition. The solid-solid phase change material continues to fill the cells to reduce the surface temperature of the cells. After flowing into the collection tank 401, the solid-liquid phase change material is pressurized by the high-pressure pump 403 and sent to the liquid phase change material delivery pipe 11. An atomizing device 12 is installed inside the liquid phase change material delivery pipe 11 to atomize the liquid phase material and send it to the phase change material distribution pipe 501. The phase change material distribution pipe 501 then delivers it to the solid phase particle equalization mechanism 502 in different regions. When the atomized liquid phase change material flows through the cooling chamber inside the solid particle equalization mechanism 502, it will turn into tiny solid particles that fall into the rotating batching box 503 and enter the solid particle outlet 505. Then, driven by the built-in rotary motor 509, the solid particle outlet 505 will be aligned with the inlet 510 of the feeding slot leading to different positions during the rotation process, and finally the tiny solid particles will be evenly distributed into different cell gaps through the solid particle feeding slot 506. The liquid cooling circulation system 6 connected to the solid particle equalization mechanism 502 is used to cool down the micro-droplet solid particles and solidify them into solid particles. Its circulation channel is as follows: cooling water tank 601 to cooling water pump 602 to cooling water manifold 603 to phase change material cooling water pipeline 609 to solid particle equalization mechanism 502 to cooling water flow box one 604 to flow channel 605 to cooling water flow box two 606 to cooling water tank 601; When the battery cell has no heat dissipation requirement, the closable liquid flow channel 402 on the lower partition will automatically close. After the liquefied solid-liquid phase change material is solidified through the above-mentioned cycle process, it will be evenly filled into the gaps between the battery cells.

[0052] B: The solid-solid phase change material comes into contact with the finned heat sink assembly 7 to transfer the heat generated by the battery to the finned heat sink assembly 7; the condensate circulation system 8 connected to the finned heat sink assembly 7 is used to remove the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material 3, and the heat exchange cycle is completed inside the condensate circulation system 8.

[0053] Specifically, the solid-solid phase change material comes into contact with the branch finned heat sink 702 and the main finned heat sink 701 to transfer the heat generated by the battery to the branch finned heat sink 702 and the main finned heat sink 701. The branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 are equipped with low-pressure condenser circulation channels to remove the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material 3. While achieving further control of the battery surface temperature, their arrangement can prevent the solid-solid phase change material from sliding inside the battery box. The low-pressure refrigerant circulation method inside the branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 is as follows: the compressor generates high-pressure refrigerant, which flows through the high-pressure refrigerant manifold 802 to the high-pressure refrigerant collector 803, and then through the expansion valve 804 to form low-pressure refrigerant. This low-pressure refrigerant is then injected into the branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 through the low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe 805 for circulating heat exchange. After that, it flows back to the low-pressure refrigerant manifold 807 through the low-pressure refrigerant return pipe 806 and returns to the compressor to complete the cycle.

[0054] As an implementable method, step C is also included: the cooling water is divided into two parts from the outlet of the coolant manifold 603, and the other part goes through the coolant diverter 607 to the uppermost area of ​​the battery box 1. The uppermost area of ​​the battery box 1 is equipped with a refrigerant circulation coil 9, which is directly connected to the vehicle's air conditioning system. When the cooling water flows through the uppermost area of ​​the battery box 1, it can exchange heat with it to reduce the temperature of the cooling water. Then it flows through the coolant return pipe 608 to the coolant flow box 1 604 in the lowermost area of ​​the battery box 1, then to the coolant return pipe 608, then to the coolant flow box 2 606, and finally back to the coolant tank 601.

[0055] As an implementable method, step D is also included: cold air enters the housing 1 from the air inlet assembly 1002, enters the cell cooling chamber 2 through the ventilation channel 1004, and is discharged together with the hot air in the cell cooling chamber 2 through the air outlet assembly 1003, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the cell cooling chamber 2 and maintaining the internal pressure balance.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. The invention extends to any new features or combinations disclosed in this specification, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that detailed technical features not disclosed in this embodiment, such as specific structures, are all prior art and can be obtained by those skilled in the art from the prior art. The connection method can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a fixed connection, a movable connection, or a hinged connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific manner of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this aspect.

Claims

1. A power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1), which contains a cell cooling chamber (2). The cell cooling chamber (2) contains multiple sets of cell groups (201). The cell groups (201) are filled with a solid-solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material (3). The cell cooling chamber (2) is connected to a liquid phase material collection system (4) at the bottom and to a solid phase particle delivery system (5) at the top. The liquid phase material collection system (4) is connected to the solid phase particle delivery system (5) from outside the cell cooling chamber (2). A liquid cooling circulation system (6) is provided between the liquid phase material collection system (4) and the solid phase particle delivery system (5). Each set of cell groups (201) is surrounded by a finned heat sink group (7), which is connected to a refrigerant circulation system (8).

2. The power battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a refrigerant circulation coil (9), which is located on the top of the housing (1) and coupled to the vehicle air conditioning system.

3. The power battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a wind-cooled heat dissipation system (10) installed in the housing (1). The wind-cooled heat dissipation system (10) includes a wind-cooled chamber (1001). The wind-cooled chamber (1001) is provided with an air inlet assembly (1002) and an air outlet assembly (1003) that communicate with the outside. The wind-cooled heat dissipation system (10) and the battery cell cooling chamber (2) are connected through a ventilation channel (1004).

4. The power battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The finned radiator assembly (7) includes a main finned radiator (701), which is connected to multiple branch finned radiators (702). The main finned radiator (701) and the branch finned radiators (702) divide the battery cell cooling chamber (2) into multiple areas, and each area is provided with a battery cell assembly (201). The main finned radiator (701) and / or the branch finned radiator (702) have an internal chamber, which is connected to the refrigerant circulation system (8), and the internal chamber is provided with guide plates (705) arranged vertically and horizontally. The outer shell of the main finned radiator (701) and / or the branch finned radiator (702) has vertical heat dissipation fins (703) and horizontal heat dissipation fins (704) arranged alternately front and back.

5. The power battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigerant circulation system (8) includes a refrigerant compressor (801) located on the side of the cell cooling chamber (2). The refrigerant compressor (801) is connected to a high-pressure refrigerant manifold (802) and a high-pressure refrigerant collector (803). An expansion valve (804) is provided at the outlet of the high-pressure refrigerant collector (803). The expansion valve (804) is connected to the main finned radiator (701) and the branch finned radiator (702) through a low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe (805). The main finned radiator (701) and the branch finned radiator (702) are connected to a low-pressure refrigerant return pipe (806). The low-pressure refrigerant return pipe (806) is connected to the refrigerant compressor (801) through a low-pressure refrigerant manifold (807).

6. The power battery as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid material collection system (4) includes a liquid collection tank (401) located below the cell cooling chamber (2). A closable liquid flow channel (402) is provided between the liquid collection tank (401) and the cell cooling chamber (2). A high-pressure liquid pump (403) is provided in the liquid collection tank (401). The high-pressure liquid pump (403) is connected to at least one set of liquid phase change material delivery pipes (11). The liquid phase change material delivery pipes (11) are connected to the solid particle delivery system (5).

7. The power battery as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid phase change material delivery pipe (11) is equipped with an atomizing device (12), and the atomizing device (12) is equipped with an atomizing nozzle (1201). A return channel (1202) is provided around the atomizing nozzle (1201).

8. The power battery as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The solid particle dispensing system (5) includes at least one set of phase change material distribution pipes (501) connected to the liquid phase change material conveying pipe (11). Each set of phase change material distribution pipes (501) is connected to a solid particle equalization mechanism (502). The solid particle equalization mechanism (502) includes a rotating batching box (503) connected to a rotating motor (509). The bottom surface of the rotating batching box (503) is provided with a conical surface, and the upper part of the rotating batching box (503) is provided with a mist-like structure. The material inlet (504) and the lower side are provided with a solid particle outlet (505); it also includes multiple solid particle feeding troughs (506) located above the cell cooling chamber (2), the outlet of each solid particle feeding trough (506) is connected to different positions of the cell cooling chamber (2), each of the solid particle feeding troughs (506) has a feeding trough inlet (510), and the rotary motor (509) rotates to drive the solid particle outlet (505) to connect with different feeding trough inlets (510).

9. The power battery as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the rotating batching box (503) is provided with a liquid cooling chamber (507), and the inner sidewall of the liquid cooling chamber (507) is provided with cooling fins (508). The liquid cooling chamber (507) is connected to the liquid cooling circulation system (6). The liquid cooling circulation system (6) includes a cooling water tank (601). The cooling water tank (601) is connected to a coolant circulation pump (602) through a pipe. The coolant circulation pump (602) is connected back to the cooling water tank (601) through the liquid cooling chamber (507).

10. A temperature control method for a power battery using dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: A: The solid-solid dual phase change material filled between the cells in the cell cooling chamber (2) absorbs the heat of the battery. The solid phase change material continues to fill between the cells to reduce the surface temperature of the cells, while the solid-liquid phase change material becomes liquid and flows into the liquid phase material collection system (4). It then enters the solid phase particle delivery system (5) through the liquid phase change material delivery pipe (11). During the flow process, the liquid cooling circulation system (6) cools down the solid phase material and returns it to solid state before entering the cell cooling chamber (2) again. B: The solid-solid phase change material comes into contact with the finned heat sink assembly (7) and transfers the heat generated by the battery to the finned heat sink assembly (7); the condensate circulation system (8) connected to the finned heat sink assembly (7) is used to remove the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material, and the heat exchange cycle is completed inside the condensate circulation system (8).

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