Dual-phase-change-material and multi-cooling-mode power battery and temperature control method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a power battery with double phase change materials and multiple cooling modes and a temperature control method thereof. The power battery comprises a box body, an electric core cooling chamber is arranged in the box body, a plurality of electric core groups are arranged in the electric core cooling chamber, solid-solid-solid liquid double phase change materials are filled between the electric core groups, a liquid phase material collecting system is communicated with the lower portion of the electric core cooling chamber, a solid phase particle feeding system is communicated with the upper portion of the electric core cooling chamber, the liquid phase material collecting system is communicated with the solid phase particle feeding system outside the electric core cooling chamber, a liquid cooling circulation system is arranged between the liquid phase material collecting system and the solid phase particle feeding system, and fin-shaped radiator groups are arranged around each electric core group, and the fin-shaped radiator groups are connected with a condensate circulating system. The application can significantly improve the heat dissipation efficiency and temperature field uniformity, quickly respond to the sudden temperature rise of the battery under high load, and effectively alleviate the temperature rise problem in the fast charging, high-speed driving and other scenes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, and its temperature control method, belonging to the field of power battery cooling technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the electric vehicle industry, the performance, safety, and lifespan of the power battery, as a core component, directly determine the practicality and reliability of the vehicle. Power batteries generate a large amount of heat during charging and discharging. If this heat cannot be dissipated in time, the battery temperature will rise sharply. When this temperature exceeds the safety threshold, it may trigger thermal runaway, seriously threatening the safety of passengers. Research shows that the optimal operating temperature range for lithium-ion batteries is 20℃~40℃, and temperature uniformity should be controlled within 5℃. Excessively high or low operating temperatures will accelerate battery performance degradation, reduce capacity retention, and shorten cycle life. Therefore, an efficient and precise thermal management system that can adapt to various operating conditions has become a key aspect of power battery technology development and is of great practical significance for promoting the healthy development of the electric vehicle industry.

[0003] Current power battery cooling methods mainly include air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change material cooling, and composite cooling systems combining multiple methods. Each single cooling method has limitations and cannot meet the thermal management requirements of high-energy-density power batteries under all-weather conditions and complex operating conditions. Especially under harsh conditions such as high-temperature environments, fast charging, and high-rate discharging, battery heat generation increases dramatically, and traditional cooling systems often fail to achieve effective temperature control. Therefore, a novel and efficient thermal management scheme is proposed, organically coupling dual phase change materials with multiple cooling technologies, which has significant engineering application value for solving battery thermal safety issues and improving overall vehicle performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by providing a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, along with its temperature control method. This method enables direct contact between the solid-solid-solid-liquid phase change cooling material and the power battery. During the phase change process, the material absorbs and releases a large amount of latent heat to regulate the temperature of the battery cell assembly. Simultaneously, it compensates for the limitations of single phase change materials in terms of limited thermal conductivity and insufficient long-term stability by coupling with other cooling methods. This not only significantly improves heat dissipation efficiency and temperature field uniformity, and quickly responds to sudden temperature rises under high battery loads, but also effectively alleviates temperature rise problems in scenarios such as fast charging and high-speed driving.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0006] A power battery with dual phase change material and multiple cooling methods includes a housing. A cell cooling chamber is located within the housing, housing multiple sets of cells. Solid-solid / solid-liquid dual phase change material is filled between the cell sets. A liquid phase material collection system is connected to the lower part of the cell cooling chamber, and a solid phase particle delivery system is connected to the upper part of the cell cooling chamber. The liquid phase material collection system is connected to the solid phase particle delivery system from outside the cell cooling chamber, and a liquid cooling circulation system is provided between the liquid phase material collection system and the solid phase particle delivery system. A finned heat sink assembly is provided around each cell set, and the finned heat sink assembly is connected to a refrigerant circulation system.

[0007] Alternatively, a refrigerant circulation coil may be included, which is located at the top of the housing and coupled to the vehicle's air conditioning system.

[0008] Alternatively, an air-cooled heat dissipation system can be installed inside the enclosure. The air-cooled heat dissipation system includes an air-cooled chamber, which is equipped with an air inlet assembly and an air outlet assembly that communicate with the outside. The air-cooled heat dissipation system and the cell cooling chamber are connected through a ventilation channel.

[0009] Optionally, the finned radiator assembly includes a main finned radiator connected to multiple branch finned radiators. The main finned radiator and the branch finned radiators divide the cell cooling chamber into multiple areas, with each area housing a cell assembly. The main finned radiator and / or the branch finned radiators have internal chambers connected to a refrigerant circulation system, and the internal chambers are equipped with vertically and horizontally arranged guide plates. The outer shell of the main finned radiator and / or the branch finned radiators has alternating vertical and horizontal heat dissipation fins.

[0010] Alternatively, the refrigerant circulation system includes a refrigerant compressor located on the side of the cell cooling chamber. The refrigerant compressor is connected to a high-pressure refrigerant manifold via a high-pressure refrigerant manifold. An expansion valve is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure refrigerant manifold. The expansion valve is connected to a main finned radiator and a branch finned radiator via a low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe. The main finned radiator and the branch finned radiator are connected to a low-pressure refrigerant return pipe. The low-pressure refrigerant return pipe is connected to the refrigerant compressor via a low-pressure refrigerant manifold and a low-pressure refrigerant circulation coil.

[0011] Alternatively, the liquid material collection system includes a liquid collection tank located below the cell cooling chamber, a closable liquid flow channel between the liquid collection tank and the cell cooling chamber, a high-pressure liquid pump inside the liquid collection tank, and at least one set of liquid phase change material delivery pipes connected to the solid particle delivery system.

[0012] Optionally, the liquid phase change material delivery pipe is equipped with an atomizing device, the atomizing device is equipped with an atomizing nozzle, and a return channel is provided around the atomizing nozzle.

[0013] Optionally, the solid particle dispensing system includes at least one set of phase change material distribution pipes connected to the liquid phase change material conveying pipes. Each set of phase change material distribution pipes is connected to a solid particle equalization mechanism. The solid particle equalization mechanism includes a rotating batching box connected to a rotating motor. The bottom surface of the rotating batching box is provided with a conical surface. The upper part of the rotating batching box is provided with a mist material inlet, and the lower side is provided with a solid particle outlet. It also includes multiple solid particle dispensing troughs located above the cell cooling chamber. The outlet of each solid particle dispensing trough is connected to a different position in the cell cooling chamber. Each solid particle dispensing trough has a dispensing trough inlet. The rotating motor rotates to drive the solid particle outlet to connect with the inlets of different dispensing troughs.

[0014] Optionally, the outer periphery of the rotating batching box is provided with a liquid cooling chamber, the inner sidewall of the liquid cooling chamber is provided with cooling fins, the liquid cooling chamber is connected to the liquid cooling circulation system, the liquid cooling circulation system includes a cooling water tank, the cooling water tank is connected to a coolant circulation pump through a pipe, and the coolant circulation pump is connected back to the cooling water tank through the liquid cooling chamber.

[0015] A temperature control method for a power battery using dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods includes the following steps:

[0016] A: The solid-solid dual phase change material filled between the cells in the cell cooling chamber absorbs the heat of the battery. The solid phase change material continues to fill between the cells to reduce the surface temperature of the cells, while the solid-liquid phase change material becomes liquid and flows into the liquid phase material collection system. Then, it enters the solid phase particle delivery system through the liquid phase change material delivery pipe. During the flow process, it is cooled by the liquid cooling circulation system and becomes solid again before entering the cell cooling chamber again.

[0017] B: The solid-solid phase change material comes into contact with the finned heat sink assembly, transferring the heat generated by the battery to the finned heat sink assembly; the condensate circulation system connected to the finned heat sink assembly is used to remove the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material, and the heat exchange cycle is completed inside the condensate circulation system.

[0018] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The present invention provides a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, and a temperature control method thereof. The solid-solid-solid-liquid hybrid phase change material absorbs a large amount of heat during the phase change process while the temperature remains almost constant, forming a thermal buffer zone. This effectively suppresses the instantaneous temperature rise during battery charging and discharging, avoiding the risk of thermal runaway. When the solid-solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material absorbs heat to near saturation, the solid-liquid phase change material will circulate and dissipate heat. The coupled active cooling system is activated to quickly remove heat. The synergistic effect of the two can cover the entire stage of cell temperature rise, forming a dual-layer protection mechanism of rapid response and continuous absorption, significantly improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0020] 2. The present invention provides a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods and its temperature control method. An atomizing device is set inside the liquid phase change material conveying pipe to atomize the liquid phase material, which can effectively increase the heat exchange area of ​​the liquid phase change material, ensuring that it can fully exchange heat and condense into a solid state inside the solid phase particle equalization mechanism. Moreover, the solid phase particle equalization mechanism is a rotary equalization distribution mechanism, which can make the solid phase particle material redistributed evenly between the cells.

[0021] 3. The present invention provides a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, and a temperature control method thereof. The heat absorption capacity of the solid-solid-solid-liquid hybrid phase change material can extend the intermittent operation time of the active cooling system and reduce the operating frequency of energy-consuming components such as pumps and fans. Moreover, the phase change material can release stored heat in low-temperature environments to assist in battery heating, reduce additional heating energy consumption, and achieve "dual-effect" utilization of heat and cold.

[0022] 4. The present invention provides a dual phase change material and a power battery with multiple cooling methods and a temperature control method thereof. The cooling system is also coupled with the vehicle air conditioning system and the external circulation ventilation system to extract and dissipate the heat of the power battery into the outdoor environment, thereby effectively controlling the temperature of the power battery under different charging and discharging conditions, thereby improving the charging and discharging performance of the power battery and increasing the driving range of new energy vehicles.

[0023] 5. The present invention provides a power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, and its temperature control method. Due to the arrangement of the cooling system, the upper, lower, left and right sides of the battery box have buffer space, which can reduce the damage to the power battery when a collision occurs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an internal schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the layer where the refrigerant circulation coil is located.

[0027] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the layer where the air-cooled heat dissipation system is located.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the layer where the solid particle delivery system is located.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the floor where the battery cell cooling chamber is located.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the layer where the liquid phase material collection system is located.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a side view of the structure above the cell cooling chamber of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the air vent assembly.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the air inlet assembly.

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an atomizing device.

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a solid-phase particle homogenization mechanism.

[0036] In the diagram, the markings are: 1-box, 2-cell cooling chamber, 201-cell assembly, 3-solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material, 4-liquid material collection system, 401-collection tank, 402-closedable liquid flow channel, 403-high-pressure delivery pump, 5-solid particle dispensing system, 501-phase change material distribution pipe, 502-solid particle equalization mechanism, 503-rotary dispensing box, 504-mist material inlet, 505-... - Solid particle outlet, 506- Solid particle feeding tank, 507- Liquid cooling chamber, 508- Cooling fins, 509- Rotary motor, 510- Feeding tank inlet, 6- Liquid cooling circulation system, 601- Cooling water tank, 602- Coolant circulating water pump, 603- Coolant manifold, 604- Coolant flow box one, 605- Flow channel, 606- Coolant flow box two, 607- Coolant branch pipe, 60 8-Coolant return pipe, 609-Phase change material coolant line, 7-Finned radiator assembly, 701-Main finned radiator, 702-Branch finned radiator, 703-Vertical heat dissipation fins, 704-Horizontal heat dissipation fins, 705-Baffle plate, 8-Refrigerant circulation system, 801-Refrigerant compressor, 802-High-pressure refrigerant manifold, 803-High-pressure refrigerant collector, 804-Expansion valve 805-Low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe, 806-Low-pressure refrigerant return pipe, 807-Low-pressure refrigerant manifold, 9-Refrigerant circulation coil, 10-Air-cooled heat dissipation system, 1001-Air-cooled chamber, 1002-Air inlet assembly, 1003-Air outlet assembly, 1004-Ventilation channel, 11-Liquid phase change material delivery pipe, 12-Atomizing device, 1201-Atomizing nozzle, 1202-Return channel. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0039] A power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, such as Figures 1-8 As shown, the device includes a housing 1, inside which is a cell cooling chamber 2. Multiple cell groups 201 are housed within the cell cooling chamber 2, and solid-solid / solid-liquid dual phase change material 3 is filled between the cell groups 201. A liquid phase material collection system 4 is connected to the bottom of the cell cooling chamber 2, and a solid phase particle delivery system 5 is connected to the top of the cell cooling chamber 2. The liquid phase material collection system 4 is connected to the solid phase particle delivery system 5 from outside the cell cooling chamber 2. Each cell group 201 is surrounded by a finned heat sink group 7, which is connected to a refrigerant circulation system 8.

[0040] Specifically, the heat absorbed or released by a phase change material during a phase change process (such as from solid to solid or from liquid to solid) is called the heat of phase change or latent heat. This heat is used to break or form the attraction between material molecules, rather than to raise or lower the material's temperature. This energy storage mechanism allows the phase change material to absorb or release a large amount of heat during a phase change with minimal temperature change. Therefore, the material's temperature remains relatively constant during the phase change process, ensuring that the battery cell assembly 201 operates at a constant temperature, thus improving its performance and reliability. Furthermore, this solution uses a mixture of solid-solid and solid-liquid phase change materials in contact with the battery cell assembly 201. The solid-solid and solid-liquid phase change materials employ different phase change temperatures; specifically, the solid-solid phase change material has a lower phase change temperature than the solid-liquid phase change material. The combination of the two forms a multi-stage temperature control system. The solid-solid phase change material absorbs initial heat, and when its temperature rises to the phase change temperature of the solid-liquid phase change material, the latter comes into play, thereby extending the overall temperature control time and reducing temperature fluctuations. The solid-solid phase change material is in block form, while the solid-liquid phase change material is in granular form. The block structure is fixed within the cell cooling chamber 2, which can locally block and isolate the flow of the granular structure during vehicle acceleration, deceleration, and braking, disrupting the turbulence of the solid-liquid material and reducing the impact on the cell assembly 201. Simultaneously, the granular material fills the gaps in the block material, acting as a heat transfer medium to transfer heat from the cell assembly 201 to the solid-solid phase change material, and then to the finned radiator assembly 7, improving heat transfer efficiency. Furthermore, due to the high energy density of the solid-solid-liquid phase change material, it typically requires less material and is lighter in weight to store the same amount of heat energy. Therefore, by reducing turbulence and weight, the impact on the cell assembly 201 and vehicle stability caused by impact can be effectively reduced. During charging and discharging, the surface temperature of the cell assembly 201 gradually rises, and the solid-solid-liquid phase change material in contact with the surface of the cell assembly 201 begins to absorb heat, lowering the temperature of the cell assembly 201. After the solid-liquid phase change material reaches its phase change temperature, it absorbs the heat from the battery cell assembly 201 and transforms into a liquid material. It then enters the liquid material collection system 4 from the battery cell cooling chamber 2, is cooled by the liquid cooling circulation system 6, and is transported to the solid particle delivery system 5. Finally, it falls back into the battery cell cooling chamber 2 from above, achieving the recycling of the solid-liquid phase change material. Furthermore, finned heat sinks 7 are located between each battery cell assembly. They transfer heat from the solid-solid phase change material surrounding each battery cell, as well as the solid-liquid phase change material in its solid state, to the outside environment. Cooling is achieved through the refrigerant circulation system 8, maintaining the external temperature even at a low initial temperature and improving cooling efficiency.

[0041] As another specific implementation, a refrigerant circulation coil 9 is also included, which is located at the top of the battery housing 1 and coupled to the vehicle's air conditioning system. It is directly connected to the vehicle's air conditioning system, and the liquid cooling circulation system 6 can exchange heat with it as it flows through the uppermost area of ​​the battery housing 1, thereby reducing the cooling water temperature.

[0042] As another specific implementation, it also includes a wind-cooled heat dissipation system 10 disposed within the housing 1. The wind-cooled heat dissipation system 10 includes a wind-cooled chamber 1001, which is provided with an air inlet assembly 1002 and an air outlet assembly 1003 communicating with the outside. The wind-cooled heat dissipation system 10 and the cell cooling chamber 2 are connected through a ventilation channel 1004. It can maintain the internal pressure balance of the cell cooling chamber 2 while reducing the heat generated by the housing 1, and dissipate heat through air circulation. Cold air enters the lower part of the battery housing 1 from the air inlet assembly 1002 and is discharged together with the internal hot air through the air outlet assembly 1003, thereby reducing the temperature.

[0043] Specifically, the air inlet assembly 1002 includes an air inlet end cap facing the outside of the housing 1 and an air inlet outer shell on the inside. The air inlet end cap is provided with a first air inlet channel. An air inlet solenoid valve for controlling the opening and closing of the vent is provided inside the first air inlet channel. An air circulation fan is provided inside the air inlet solenoid valve. An air circulation channel filled with dry filler is provided inside the air circulation fan. The air inlet outer shell is provided with a second air inlet channel, which is located inside the air circulation channel.

[0044] When the detected temperature is too high, the air intake solenoid valve and the air circulation fan are turned on. External air enters the air intake solenoid valve and the air circulation fan from the first air intake channel, and then enters the air-cooled chamber 1001 from the second air intake channel. Then, it exchanges air with the battery cell cooling chamber 2 through the ventilation channel 1004.

[0045] like Figure 9 As shown, the air outlet assembly 1003 includes an air outlet shell facing the outside of the housing 1 and an air outlet valve seat on the inside. The outer side of the air outlet shell is provided with an air outlet flow channel and the inner side is provided with a ventilation groove. A spring is provided in the ventilation groove. An air outlet one-way valve core is provided on the outer side of the air outlet valve seat. The air outlet one-way valve core is in contact with the spring on the outer side, and the outer diameter of the air outlet one-way valve core is smaller than that of the ventilation groove. The air outlet one-way valve core can be moved into the ventilation groove.

[0046] like Figure 10As shown, when the air inlet assembly 1002 is opened, external air enters the air-cooled chamber 1001, or when the air expands due to the heating of the battery cell, resulting in excessive air pressure, the air compresses the air outlet one-way valve core and the spring. The air outlet one-way valve core leaves the air outlet valve seat, and the air enters the air inlet assembly 1002, passes through the gap between the air outlet one-way valve core and the ventilation slot, and flows out to the outside through the air outlet channel.

[0047] In another specific embodiment, the finned radiator group 7 includes a main finned radiator 701, which is connected to multiple branch finned radiators 702. The main finned radiator 701 and the branch finned radiators 702 divide the cell cooling chamber 2 into multiple regions, and each region is provided with a cell group 201. The main finned radiator 701 and / or the branch finned radiators 702 have internal chambers, which are connected to the refrigerant circulation system 8, and the internal chambers are provided with guide plates 705 arranged vertically and horizontally. The outer shells of the main finned radiator 701 and / or the branch finned radiators 702 are alternately arranged with vertical heat dissipation fins 703 and horizontal heat dissipation fins 704.

[0048] The solid-solid-liquid phase change material 3 contacts the branch finned heat sink 702 and the main finned heat sink 701, transferring the heat generated by the battery to them. Heat dissipation fins, increasing the heat exchange area, are arranged alternately on the surfaces of the branch finned heat sink 702 and the main finned heat sink 701 to improve utilization. This arrangement further controls the battery surface temperature and also suppresses fluctuations of the solid-solid-liquid phase change material inside the battery compartment after it liquefies. An internal low-pressure refrigerant circulation channel removes the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-liquid phase change material. A guide plate 705, located inside the finned heat sink, guides the refrigerant, ensuring it flows along an S-shaped path within the heat sink, improving refrigerant efficiency. The internal chamber has an inlet and an outlet port connected to the refrigerant circulation system 8.

[0049] In another specific embodiment, the refrigerant circulation system 8 includes a refrigerant compressor 801 located on the side of the cell cooling chamber 2. The refrigerant compressor 801 is connected to a high-pressure refrigerant manifold 802 and a high-pressure refrigerant collector 803. An expansion valve 804 is provided at the outlet of the high-pressure refrigerant collector 803. The expansion valve 804 is connected to the main finned radiator 701 and the branch finned radiator 702 via a low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe 805. The main finned radiator 701 and the branch finned radiator 702 are connected to a low-pressure refrigerant return pipe 806. The low-pressure refrigerant return pipe 806 is connected to the refrigerant compressor 801 via a low-pressure refrigerant manifold 807. The heat exchanged between the branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 is carried away by the low-pressure refrigerant inside. The circulation method is as follows: the compressor generates high-pressure refrigerant, which flows through the high-pressure refrigerant manifold 802 to the high-pressure refrigerant collector 803, and then through the expansion valve 804 to form low-pressure refrigerant. This low-pressure refrigerant is then injected into the branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 through the low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe 805 for circulating heat exchange. After that, it flows back to the low-pressure refrigerant manifold 807 through the low-pressure refrigerant return pipe 806 and returns to the compressor to complete the cycle.

[0050] In another specific embodiment, the liquid material collection system 4 includes a collection tank 401 located below the cell cooling chamber 2. A closable liquid flow channel 402 is provided between the collection tank 401 and the cell cooling chamber 2. A high-pressure delivery pump 403 is installed inside the collection tank 401. The high-pressure delivery pump 403 is connected to at least one set of liquid phase change material delivery pipes 11, which are connected to the solid particle delivery system 5. After absorbing heat from the battery, the solid-solid / solid-liquid dual phase change material 3 mixture filling the cells becomes liquid and flows into the collection tank 401 through the closable liquid flow channel 402 on the lower partition. The solid-solid phase change material continues to fill the spaces between the cells to reduce the surface temperature of the cells. After flowing into the collection tank 401, the solid-liquid phase change material is pressurized by the high-pressure delivery pump 403 and then sent to the liquid phase change material delivery pipes 11.

[0051] As another specific implementation method, such as Figure 11As shown, an atomizing device 12 is installed inside the liquid phase change material conveying pipe 11, and an atomizing nozzle 1201 is installed inside the atomizing device 12. A return channel 1202 is provided around the atomizing nozzle 1201. The atomizing device 12 inside the liquid phase change material conveying pipe 11 atomizes the liquid phase material, which can effectively increase the heat exchange area of ​​the liquid phase change material, ensuring that it can fully exchange heat and condense into a solid state inside the solid phase particle equalization mechanism 502. The return channel 1202 consists of small holes around the atomizing nozzle 1201, ensuring that the water droplets condensed during the atomization process can re-enter the liquid phase change material conveying pipe 11 through the return channel, achieving re-atomization, improving the atomization utilization rate, and preventing water droplet accumulation.

[0052] As another specific implementation method, such as Figure 12 As shown, the solid particle dispensing system 5 includes at least one set of phase change material distribution pipes 501 connected to the liquid phase change material conveying pipe 11. Each set of phase change material distribution pipes 501 is connected to a solid particle equalization mechanism 502. The solid particle equalization mechanism 502 includes a rotating batching box 503 connected to a rotating motor 509. The bottom surface of the rotating batching box 503 is provided with a conical surface. The upper part of the rotating batching box 503 is provided with a mist material inlet 504, and the lower side is provided with a solid particle outlet 505. It also includes multiple solid particle dispensing troughs 506 located above the cell cooling chamber 2. The outlet of each solid particle dispensing trough 506 is connected to different positions in the cell cooling chamber 2. Each solid particle dispensing trough 506 has a dispensing trough inlet 510. The rotating motor 509 rotates to drive the solid particle outlet 505 to connect with different dispensing trough inlets 510. The atomized liquid phase change material, upon flowing through the cooling chamber inside the solid particle distribution mechanism 502, transforms into tiny solid particles that fall into the rotating feeding box 503 and enter the solid particle outlet 505. Driven by the built-in rotary motor 509, the solid particle outlet 505 rotates to align with the inlets 510 leading to different locations in the feeding slots, ultimately distributing the tiny solid particles evenly into different cell gaps via the solid particle feeding slot 506.

[0053] In another specific embodiment, the outer periphery of the rotating batching box 503 is provided with a liquid cooling chamber 507, and the inner sidewall of the liquid cooling chamber 507 is provided with cooling fins 508. The liquid cooling chamber 507 is connected to the liquid cooling circulation system 6, and the liquid cooling circulation system 6 includes a cooling water tank 601. The cooling water tank 601 is connected to a coolant circulation pump 602 through a pipe, and the coolant circulation pump 602 is connected back to the cooling water tank 601 through the liquid cooling chamber 507. Specifically, the liquid cooling circulation system 6 includes a cooling water tank 601 located on the side of the cell cooling chamber 2. The cooling water tank 601 is connected to a coolant circulation pump 602 via a pipe. Above the coolant circulation pump 602, a phase change material coolant pipeline 609 is connected via a coolant manifold. The phase change material coolant pipeline 609 runs horizontally through the housing 1 and passes through each liquid cooling chamber 507 in sequence to cool the solid-liquid phase change materials inside all rotating feed boxes 503. Afterward, the phase change material coolant pipeline 609 runs downward through the inner side of the housing 1 and passes through a connecting coolant flow box 604 in the lower area of ​​the battery housing 1. The coolant flow box 604 is connected to a second coolant flow box 606 via a flow channel 605, and finally connects back to the cooling water tank 601. In addition, the liquid cooling circulation system 6 also includes a branch, which includes a coolant manifold 603 connected to the coolant manifold. A coolant branch pipe 607 is connected above the coolant manifold 603. The coolant branch pipe 607 connects to the chamber where the condenser circulation coil 9 is located in the upper part of the battery box 1 and then connects to the coolant return pipe 608. After that, the coolant return pipe 608 passes downward from the inside side of the box 1 and merges with the phase change material coolant pipeline 609 in the coolant flow box 604.

[0054] As an feasible implementation method, this solution divides the box 1 into multiple chambers using multi-layer partitions, such as... Figures 3-7 As shown, from top to bottom, the components are: condensate circulation coil 9, air-cooled heat dissipation system 10, solid particle delivery system 5, cell cooling chamber 2, and liquid material collection system 4. Additionally, as... Figure 8 As shown, it also includes a side plate located on the side of the multi-layer chamber, with a side cavity between the side plate and the box 1, and the connecting pipes between each layer pass through the side cavity.

[0055] A temperature control method for a power battery using dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods includes the following steps:

[0056] A: The solid-solid dual phase change material 3 filled between the cells in the cell cooling chamber 2 absorbs the heat of the battery. The solid-solid phase change material continues to fill between the cells to reduce the surface temperature of the cells, while the solid-liquid phase change material becomes liquid and flows into the liquid phase material collection system 4. Then, it enters the solid phase particle delivery system 5 through the liquid phase change material delivery pipe 11. During the flow process, it is cooled down by the liquid cooling circulation system 6 and becomes solid again before entering the cell cooling chamber 2 again.

[0057] Specifically, the solid-solid dual phase change material 3 filling the cells arranged in the middle and lower chamber absorbs the heat of the battery. After the solid-liquid phase change material becomes liquid, it flows into the liquid collection tank 401 through the closable liquid flow channel 402 on the lower partition. The solid-solid phase change material continues to fill the cells to reduce the surface temperature of the cells.

[0058] After flowing into the collection tank 401, the solid-liquid phase change material is pressurized by the high-pressure pump 403 and sent to the liquid phase change material delivery pipe 11. An atomizing device 12 is installed inside the liquid phase change material delivery pipe 11 to atomize the liquid phase material and send it to the phase change material distribution pipe 501. The phase change material distribution pipe 501 then delivers it to the solid phase particle equalization mechanism 502 in different regions.

[0059] When the atomized liquid phase change material flows through the cooling chamber inside the solid particle equalization mechanism 502, it will turn into tiny solid particles that fall into the rotating batching box 503 and enter the solid particle outlet 505. Then, driven by the built-in rotary motor 509, the solid particle outlet 505 will be aligned with the inlet 510 of the feeding slot leading to different positions during the rotation process, and finally the tiny solid particles will be evenly distributed into different cell gaps through the solid particle feeding slot 506.

[0060] The liquid cooling circulation system 6 connected to the solid particle equalization mechanism 502 is used to cool down the micro-droplet solid particles and solidify them into solid particles. Its circulation channel is as follows: cooling water tank 601 to cooling water pump 602 to cooling water manifold 603 to phase change material cooling water pipeline 609 to solid particle equalization mechanism 502 to cooling water flow box one 604 to flow channel 605 to cooling water flow box two 606 to cooling water tank 601;

[0061] When the battery cell has no heat dissipation requirement, the closable liquid flow channel 402 on the lower partition will automatically close. After the liquefied solid-liquid phase change material is solidified through the above-mentioned cycle process, it will be evenly filled into the gaps between the battery cells.

[0062] B: The solid-solid phase change material comes into contact with the finned heat sink assembly 7 to transfer the heat generated by the battery to the finned heat sink assembly 7; the condensate circulation system 8 connected to the finned heat sink assembly 7 is used to remove the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material 3, and the heat exchange cycle is completed inside the condensate circulation system 8.

[0063] Specifically, the solid-solid phase change material comes into contact with the branch finned heat sink 702 and the main finned heat sink 701 to transfer the heat generated by the battery to the branch finned heat sink 702 and the main finned heat sink 701.

[0064] The branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 are equipped with low-pressure condenser circulation channels to remove the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-liquid dual phase change material 3. While achieving further control of the battery surface temperature, their arrangement can prevent the solid-solid phase change material from sliding inside the battery box.

[0065] The low-pressure refrigerant circulation method inside the branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 is as follows: the compressor generates high-pressure refrigerant, which flows through the high-pressure refrigerant manifold 802 to the high-pressure refrigerant collector 803, and then through the expansion valve 804 to form low-pressure refrigerant. This low-pressure refrigerant is then injected into the branch finned radiator 702 and the main finned radiator 701 through the low-pressure refrigerant injection pipe 805 for circulating heat exchange. After that, it flows back to the low-pressure refrigerant manifold 807 through the low-pressure refrigerant return pipe 806 and returns to the compressor to complete the cycle.

[0066] As an implementable method, step C is also included: the cooling water is divided into two parts from the outlet of the coolant manifold 603, and the other part goes through the coolant diverter 607 to the uppermost area of ​​the battery box 1. The uppermost area of ​​the battery box 1 is equipped with a refrigerant circulation coil 9, which is directly connected to the vehicle's air conditioning system. When the cooling water flows through the uppermost area of ​​the battery box 1, it can exchange heat with it to reduce the temperature of the cooling water. Then it flows through the coolant return pipe 608 to the coolant flow box 1 604 in the lowermost area of ​​the battery box 1, then to the coolant return pipe 608, then to the coolant flow box 2 606, and finally back to the coolant tank 601.

[0067] As an implementable method, step D is also included: cold air enters the housing 1 from the air inlet assembly 1002, enters the cell cooling chamber 2 through the ventilation channel 1004, and is discharged together with the hot air in the cell cooling chamber 2 through the air outlet assembly 1003, thereby reducing the internal temperature of the cell cooling chamber 2 and maintaining the internal pressure balance.

[0068] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. The invention extends to any new features or combinations disclosed in this specification, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that detailed technical features not disclosed in this embodiment, such as specific structures, are all prior art and can be obtained by those skilled in the art from the prior art. The connection method can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a fixed connection, a movable connection, or a hinged connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific manner of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention according to the specific circumstances, and this disclosure does not specifically limit this aspect.

Claims

1. A power battery with dual phase change materials and multiple cooling methods, characterized in that: The application relates to a battery cooling device, which comprises a box (1), an electric cell cooling chamber (2) arranged in the box (1), a plurality of electric cell groups (201) arranged in the electric cell cooling chamber (2), solid-solid-solid liquid dual phase change materials (3) filled between the electric cell groups (201), a liquid phase material collecting system (4) communicated with the lower portion of the electric cell cooling chamber (2), a solid phase particle feeding system (5) communicated with the upper portion of the electric cell cooling chamber (2), the liquid phase material collecting system (4) being communicated with the solid phase particle feeding system (5) outside the electric cell cooling chamber (2), a liquid cooling circulation system (6) arranged between the liquid phase material collecting system (4) and the solid phase particle feeding system (5), fin-shaped radiators (7) arranged around each electric cell group (201), and a condensant circulation system (8) connected with the fin-shaped radiators (7). The liquid phase material collecting system (4) comprises a liquid collecting tank (401) arranged below the electric cell cooling chamber (2), a closable liquid flow channel (402) arranged between the liquid collecting tank (401) and the electric cell cooling chamber (2), a high-pressure liquid feeding pump (403) arranged in the liquid collecting tank (401), at least one set of liquid phase change material conveying pipes (11) connected with the high-pressure liquid feeding pump (403), and the liquid phase change material conveying pipes (11) being connected with the solid phase particle feeding system (5). The solid phase particle feeding system (5) comprises at least one set of phase change material distribution pipes (501) connected with the liquid phase change material conveying pipes (11), each set of phase change material distribution pipes (501) being connected with a solid phase particle dividing mechanism (502), the solid phase particle dividing mechanism (502) comprising a rotating material distributing box (503) connected with a rotating motor (509), the inner bottom surface of the rotating material distributing box (503) being provided with a conical surface, the upper portion of the rotating material distributing box (503) being provided with a mist material inlet (504), the lower side of the rotating material distributing box (503) being provided with a solid phase particle outlet (505), a plurality of solid phase particle feeding grooves (506) arranged above the electric cell cooling chamber (2), the outlet of each solid phase particle feeding groove (506) being connected with different positions of the electric cell cooling chamber (2), each solid phase particle feeding groove (506) being provided with a feeding groove inlet (510), and the rotating motor (509) rotating to drive the solid phase particle outlet (505) to be connected with different feeding groove inlets (510). The outer periphery of the rotating material distributing box (503) is provided with a liquid cooling chamber (507).

2. The power cell of claim 1, wherein: The battery cooling device further comprises a condensant circulation coil (9) arranged on the top of the box (1) and coupled with a vehicle air conditioning system.

3. The power cell of claim 1, wherein: The battery cooling device further comprises an air cooling heat dissipation system (10) arranged in the box (1), the air cooling heat dissipation system (10) comprising an air cooling chamber (1001), the air cooling chamber (1001) being provided with an air inlet assembly (1002) and an air outlet assembly (1003) communicated with the outside, and the air cooling heat dissipation system (10) and the electric cell cooling chamber (2) being communicated through an air exchange channel (1004).

4. The power cell of claim 1, wherein: The fin-shaped radiator group (7) comprises a main stem fin-shaped radiator (701) connected with a plurality of branch fin-shaped radiators (702), the main stem fin-shaped radiator (701) and the branch fin-shaped radiator (702) divide the electric cell cooling chamber (2) into a plurality of areas, and each area is respectively provided with a group of electric cell groups (201); the main stem fin-shaped radiator (701) and / or the branch fin-shaped radiator (702) have an internal cavity in communication with a condensate circulating system (8), and the internal cavity is provided with flow guide plates (705) arranged in an up-down cross manner; the outer shell of the main stem fin-shaped radiator (701) and / or the branch fin-shaped radiator (702) is alternately arranged with vertical heat dissipation fins (703) and horizontal heat dissipation fins (704) in front and back.

5. The power cell of claim 1, wherein: The condensate circulating system (8) comprises a condensate compressor (801) arranged on the side of the electric cell cooling chamber (2), the condensate compressor (801) is in communication with a high-pressure condensate manifold (803) through a high-pressure condensate header pipe (802), an expansion valve (804) is arranged at the outlet position of the high-pressure condensate manifold (803), the expansion valve (804) is in communication with the main stem fin-shaped radiator (701) and the branch fin-shaped radiator (702) through a low-pressure condensate injection pipe (805), the main stem fin-shaped radiator (701) and the branch fin-shaped radiator (702) are connected with a low-pressure condensate return pipe (806), and the low-pressure condensate return pipe (806) is connected with the condensate compressor (801) through a low-pressure condensate header pipe (807).

6. The power cell of claim 1, wherein: The liquid phase change material conveying pipe (11) is internally provided with an atomization device (12), the atomization device (12) is internally provided with an atomization nozzle (1201), and a backflow channel (1202) is arranged around the atomization nozzle (1201).

7. The power cell of claim 1, wherein: The inner side wall of the liquid cooling chamber (507) is provided with cooling fins (508), the liquid cooling chamber (507) is in communication with a liquid cooling circulating system (6), the liquid cooling circulating system (6) comprises a cooling water tank (601), the cooling water tank (601) is connected with a cooling liquid circulating water pump (602) through a pipeline, and the cooling liquid circulating water pump (602) is connected back to the cooling water tank (601) through the liquid cooling chamber (507).

8. A temperature control method for a dual phase change material and multi-cooling mode power battery, characterized in that: The power battery of any one of claims 1-7 comprises the following steps: A: after the solid-solid-solid liquid dual phase change material filled between the electric cells in the electric cell cooling chamber (2) absorbs the heat of the battery, the solid-solid phase change material continues to fill between the electric cells to reduce the surface temperature of the electric cells, and the solid-liquid phase change material becomes liquid and flows into the liquid phase material collecting system (4), then enters the solid phase particle delivery system (5) through the liquid phase change material conveying pipe (11), and becomes solid again after being cooled by the liquid cooling circulating system (6) during the flowing process, and then enters the electric cell cooling chamber (2) again. B: The solid-solid phase change material contacts the fin-shaped heat sink group (7) to transfer the heat generated by the battery to the fin-shaped heat sink group (7); the condensate circulating system (8) connected to the fin-shaped heat sink group (7) is used to take away the heat absorbed by the solid-solid-solid liquid double phase change material, and the heat exchange cycle is completed inside the condensate circulating system (8).

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