Optical link health monitoring method and apparatus

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a kind of optical link health monitoring method and equipment, it is related to optical communication technical field, by obtaining the optical power parameter of the optical module of the two ends of optical link;Wherein, monitoring optical power parameter includes transmitting optical power, receiving optical power;Based on the monitoring transmitting optical power and monitoring receiving optical power of optical module, the loss parameter of the bidirectional link loss of monitoring optical link is calculated;Wherein, monitoring loss parameter includes at least one of loss consistency, loss rate of change;Based on monitoring loss consistency, monitoring loss rate of change and loss parameter threshold value, the health status of monitoring optical link is determined;Wherein, monitoring loss parameter threshold value is determined based on the historical optical power parameter of monitoring optical module.It can improve the coverage and accuracy of health monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of optical communication technology, and in particular to a method and device for monitoring the health of an optical link. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, optical modules are the core basic components for realizing optical interconnection between devices. To ensure the reliable operation of optical modules, health monitoring is required. Currently, the health assessment of optical modules is typically performed by reading DDM (Digital Diagnostics Monitoring) parameters such as transmit optical power, receive optical power, bias current, operating voltage, and temperature. While this method can achieve the health assessment of optical modules, inaccuracies in DDM parameters (especially transmit optical power) can affect the accuracy of the health assessment results. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This disclosure provides a method and device for monitoring the health of optical links. Its main purpose is to solve the technical problem of poor accuracy in health assessment results.

[0004] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, an optical link health monitoring method is provided, comprising:

[0005] Obtain the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link; wherein, the optical power parameters of the optical modules include transmit optical power and receive optical power;

[0006] Based on the transmitted optical power and the received optical power of the optical module, the bidirectional link loss of the optical link is calculated; wherein, the bidirectional link loss of the optical link includes a first link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and a second link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end.

[0007] Based on the first link loss and the second link loss, the loss parameters of the optical link are calculated; wherein, the loss parameters include at least one of loss consistency and loss change rate;

[0008] If the loss consistency, the loss change rate, and the loss parameter thresholds meet the link fault conditions, the optical link is determined to be in a fault state; wherein, the loss parameter thresholds include a loss consistency threshold and a loss change rate threshold, and the loss parameter thresholds are determined based on the historical optical power parameters of the optical module; the fault state includes at least one fault type.

[0009] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, an optical link health monitoring device is provided, comprising:

[0010] The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link; wherein, the optical power parameters of the optical modules include the transmitted optical power and the received optical power;

[0011] The first parameter calculation module is used to calculate the bidirectional link loss of the optical link based on the transmitted optical power and the received optical power of the optical module; wherein the bidirectional link loss of the optical link includes a first link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and a second link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end.

[0012] The second parameter calculation module is used to calculate the loss parameters of the optical link based on the first link loss and the second link loss; wherein the loss parameters include at least one of loss consistency and loss change rate;

[0013] A health monitoring module is used to determine that the optical link is in a fault state when the loss consistency, the loss change rate, and the loss parameter thresholds meet the link fault conditions; wherein, the loss parameter thresholds include a loss consistency threshold and a loss change rate threshold, and the loss parameter thresholds are determined based on the historical optical power parameters of the optical module; the fault state includes at least one fault type.

[0014] According to a third aspect of this disclosure, an electronic device is provided, comprising:

[0015] At least one processor; and,

[0016] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0017] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0018] According to a fourth aspect of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are configured to cause the computer to perform the method described in the first aspect above.

[0019] According to a fifth aspect of this disclosure, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method described in the first aspect above.

[0020] In the embodiments provided in this disclosure, the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link are obtained; wherein the optical power parameters of the optical modules include transmit optical power and receive optical power; based on the transmit optical power and receive optical power of the optical modules, the bidirectional link loss of the optical link is calculated; wherein the bidirectional link loss of the optical link includes a first link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and a second link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end; based on the first link loss and the second link loss, the loss parameters of the optical link are calculated; wherein the loss parameters include at least one of loss consistency and loss change rate; if the loss consistency, loss change rate, and loss parameter thresholds meet the link fault conditions, the optical link is determined to be in a fault state; wherein the loss parameter thresholds include a loss consistency threshold and a loss change rate threshold, and the loss parameter thresholds are determined based on the historical optical power parameters of the optical modules; the fault state includes at least one fault type. In this way, bidirectional link loss consistency analysis can capture transmission asymmetry caused by physical path anomalies. This can effectively diagnose typical link-level faults such as dirt, bending, and physical damage to fiber optic connectors, as well as the working status of optical modules at both ends of the optical link (e.g., abnormalities in the transmitting or receiving modules at both ends of the link), thereby effectively improving the coverage and accuracy of health monitoring. Moreover, by using the relative relationship of bidirectional loss as the data basis, systematic biases can be effectively offset, so that the monitoring results are no longer affected by the factory fitting accuracy of the optical modules and long-term aging drift. Even in harsh environments with device aging and drastic temperature fluctuations, stable performance is maintained, thereby effectively improving robustness.

[0021] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of this disclosure, nor is it intended to limit the scope of this disclosure. Other features of this disclosure will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to better understand this solution and do not constitute a limitation of this disclosure. Wherein:

[0023] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating an optical link health monitoring method provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a system architecture for performing an optical link health monitoring method is provided in this embodiment of the disclosure;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of state transition logic provided in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the execution flow in a learning state provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the execution flow under normal conditions provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a link status determination process provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of an execution flow under an interrupted state provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical link health monitoring device provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The exemplary embodiments of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments to aid understanding, and should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this disclosure. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0032] As the background technology shows, in related technologies, the health monitoring of optical modules in optical links mainly relies on their DDM function. For a single optical module, the health status can be assessed by reading parameters such as transmit optical power, receive optical power, bias current, operating voltage, and temperature reported by the optical module. This scheme based on analyzing the health status of optical links using independent parameters of a single module has at least the following technical problems: 1. Lack of a system-level perspective, making it impossible to effectively diagnose link-level faults: Optical modules always work in pairs in a bidirectional optical link. Many common faults (such as dirt, bending, or physical damage to fiber optic connectors) are usually caused by disrupting the physical path of the optical link. This is reflected in both transmission directions of the optical link, leading to transmission asymmetry. Viewing the optical modules at both ends of the optical link in isolation will fail to capture and utilize the inherent correlation between the transmission states in the two directions, making it impossible to effectively diagnose and locate such typical link-level faults. 2. It is difficult to avoid systematic measurement errors of DDM parameters. Whether it is a simple threshold alarm or a complex machine learning model, the analysis is based on the absolute value of DDM parameters reported by the optical module. However, DDM parameters (such as transmitted optical power) are essentially values ​​estimated by the microcontroller inside the optical module based on a finite number of calibration points, rather than direct measurements. As the equipment ages or the ambient temperature drifts, the fitting model will gradually deviate from the true characteristics, resulting in a continuous systematic error in the data source on which the monitoring depends. Any advanced analysis model built on this inaccurate data will have poor reliability in its output results.

[0033] Based on this, embodiments of this disclosure provide an optical link health monitoring method and device, which can treat the optical modules at both ends of the same optical fiber link as a complete monitoring object. By calculating and comparing bidirectional link losses (e.g., loss consistency and loss change rate) in real time, the health monitoring of the optical link is achieved. Thus, through bidirectional link loss consistency analysis, not only can transmission asymmetry caused by physical path anomalies be accurately detected, and typical link-level faults such as fiber optic connector contamination, bending, and physical damage be effectively diagnosed, but the operating status of the optical modules can also be effectively diagnosed, that is, diagnosing abnormalities in the transmitting or receiving modules of the optical modules at both ends of the link, leading to abnormal changes in transmitted or received optical power (e.g., mainly including abnormal differences between the actual optical power and the value reported by the DDM). Therefore, the optical link health monitoring method and device provided by embodiments of this disclosure can diagnose anomalies from the optical modules at both ends to the intermediate connectors and optical fibers, thereby significantly improving the coverage and accuracy of optical link health monitoring.

[0034] The optical link health monitoring method and device of this disclosure are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating an optical link health monitoring method provided in an embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0036] Step 101: Obtain the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link.

[0037] Among them, optical power parameters include transmitted optical power and received optical power.

[0038] When performing optical link health monitoring, the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link can be obtained first. For example, the optical power parameters, such as transmit and receive optical power, of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link can be read in real time through the built-in Digital Diagnostic Monitoring (DDM) interface of the optical module. It is understood that this process can be performed when the optical link is in a normal state.

[0039] Step 102: Calculate the bidirectional link loss of the optical link based on the transmitted and received optical power of the optical module.

[0040] The bidirectional link loss of the optical link includes the first link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and the second link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end.

[0041] After obtaining the transmit and receive optical power of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link, the bidirectional link loss of the optical link can be calculated based on the transmit and receive optical power of the optical modules. This includes calculating the first link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and calculating the second link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end. In other words, the forward link loss and the reverse link loss can be calculated separately.

[0042] Step 103: Calculate the loss parameters of the optical link based on the first link loss and the second link loss.

[0043] Among them, the loss parameters include at least one of loss consistency and loss change rate.

[0044] After calculating the bidirectional link loss of the optical link based on the transmit and receive optical power of the optical module, the loss parameters of the optical link can be calculated based on the first link loss and the second link loss. This includes calculating the loss consistency and loss change rate of the bidirectional link loss. For example, the loss consistency of the bidirectional link loss can be calculated based on the forward link loss and the reverse link loss (i.e., the first link loss and the second link loss). This loss consistency can reflect the symmetry of bidirectional transmission of the link, and ideally, the loss consistency should approach zero. Furthermore, based on the loss consistency at adjacent time points, the loss change rate of the loss consistency can be calculated. This loss change rate can reflect the stability of the link loss and is used to identify slow degradation or sudden failures.

[0045] Step 104: If the loss consistency, loss change rate, and loss parameter thresholds meet the link fault conditions, the optical link is determined to be in a fault state.

[0046] The loss parameter thresholds include a loss consistency threshold and a loss change rate threshold. These thresholds are determined based on the historical optical power parameters of the optical module, such as historical transmitted and received optical power. Examples include loss consistency thresholds and loss change rate thresholds. The health status of the optical link, such as normal or faulty status, can be determined based on these thresholds. Faulty status can include at least one fault type. Link fault conditions can be pre-set, for example, set to loss consistency greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold, or loss change rate greater than or equal to the loss change rate threshold.

[0047] Specifically, loss consistency and loss change rate can be compared with the loss consistency threshold and loss change rate threshold in the loss parameter thresholds to determine whether loss consistency is greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold, or whether loss change rate is greater than or equal to the loss change rate threshold. Once at least one of these conditions is met, loss consistency, loss change rate, and loss parameter thresholds can be considered to meet the link failure condition. At this point, the optical link state can be determined to be a fault state.

[0048] In the embodiments provided in this disclosure, the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link are obtained; wherein the optical power parameters of the optical modules include transmit optical power and receive optical power; based on the transmit optical power and receive optical power of the optical modules, the bidirectional link loss of the optical link is calculated; wherein the bidirectional link loss of the optical link includes a first link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and a second link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end; based on the first link loss and the second link loss, the loss parameters of the optical link are calculated; wherein the loss parameters include at least one of loss consistency and loss change rate; if the loss consistency, loss change rate, and loss parameter thresholds meet the link fault conditions, the optical link is determined to be in a fault state; wherein the loss parameter thresholds include a loss consistency threshold and a loss change rate threshold, and the loss parameter thresholds are determined based on the historical optical power parameters of the optical modules; the fault state includes at least one fault type. In this way, loss consistency analysis of bidirectional links can not only keenly capture transmission asymmetry caused by physical path anomalies and effectively diagnose typical link-level faults such as dirt, bending, and physical damage to fiber optic connectors, but also effectively diagnose the working status of optical modules, that is, diagnose abnormalities in the transmitting or receiving modules at both ends of the link, leading to abnormal changes in transmitted or received optical power (e.g., abnormal differences between actual optical power and DDM reported values). Thus, anomalies from the optical modules at both ends to the intermediate connectors and optical fibers can be diagnosed, significantly improving the coverage and accuracy of optical link health monitoring. Moreover, by using the relative relationship of bidirectional losses as data, systematic biases can be effectively offset, ensuring that monitoring results are no longer affected by the factory fitting accuracy of optical modules and long-term aging drift. Even under harsh environments of device aging and drastic temperature fluctuations, stable performance is maintained, thereby effectively improving robustness.

[0049] Furthermore, before obtaining the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link, the following steps are also included:

[0050] Obtain the historical optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link at each sampling time within a preset time period; wherein, the historical optical power parameters include historical transmitted optical power and historical received optical power;

[0051] Based on historical transmitted optical power and historical received optical power, the historical bidirectional link loss of the optical link at each moment is calculated; wherein, the historical bidirectional link loss includes the first historical link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and the second historical link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end.

[0052] Based on the first historical link loss and the second historical link loss, the consistency of the historical loss of the optical link at each time point is calculated.

[0053] Based on the historical loss consistency index at each time point, calculate the historical loss change rate at each time point.

[0054] Based on the historical loss consistency and historical loss change rate at each time point, the loss consistency baseline and the loss change rate baseline are determined and stored; among them, the loss consistency baseline and the loss change rate baseline are used to determine the loss parameter threshold.

[0055] Before executing the above method, the loss consistency baseline and loss change rate baseline can be calculated and stored in advance during the learning state to provide a basis for determining the loss parameter threshold in the subsequent normal state. For example, the historical optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link can be continuously collected through the DDM interface built into the optical module within a preset period (e.g., 24 hours after the first establishment of the link, module replacement or fault repair, or after collecting 1000 sample points) at a fixed sampling interval (e.g., once per minute or once every 30 seconds). This includes the optical signal intensity output by the lasers of the optical modules at both ends at each sampling moment, i.e., the historical emitted optical power, as well as the optical signal intensity received by the detectors of the optical modules at both ends at each sampling moment, i.e., the historical end optical power. Then, based on the historical optical power parameters obtained in step one, the historical bidirectional link loss of the optical link can be calculated for each sampling time, including: the loss from the optical module at the first end (e.g., end A) to the optical module at the second end (e.g., end B) (first historical link loss), and the loss from the optical module at the second end (e.g., end B) to the optical module at the first end (e.g., end A) (second historical link loss). The calculation formula can be as follows:

[0056]

[0057]

[0058] in, This represents the historical transmitted optical power at end A. This refers to the historical received optical power at the B end.

[0059] Then, based on the first historical link loss at each sampling time... L AB Second historical link loss LBA Calculate the historical loss consistency index of the optical link at that moment; for example, you can calculate the absolute value of the historical bidirectional loss difference. ΔL =| L AB - L BA | serves as a measure of historical loss consistency. Historical loss consistency indicators at different times can also be used. ΔL(t) Calculate the historical loss change rate at each sampling time to quantify the time-varying characteristics of loss consistency. For example, based on two adjacent time points... t 1 ,t Consistent calculation of loss at the current time. t 2. Rate of change, as follows:

[0060]

[0061] Next, based on the calculated historical loss consistency sequence and historical loss change rate sequence, statistical learning methods can be used to determine and store the loss consistency baseline and loss change rate baseline. For example, the loss consistency baseline... The average value of loss consistency can be used, such as

[0062]

[0063] in, T L This is a set of timestamps for data collected during the learning phase. express T L The number of timestamps in the set.

[0064] Baseline of loss change rate The maximum value of the rate of change can be used because the links during the learning period are considered normal, so the rate of change during this period is within the normal range.

[0065]

[0066] Finally, the loss consistency baseline and loss change rate baseline can be stored as the basis for calculating loss parameter thresholds during subsequent health status assessments. Thus, by collecting historical optical power parameters within a preset time period and calculating bidirectional link loss time-by-time, a dynamic loss baseline (including loss consistency baseline and loss change rate baseline) determination mechanism can be established, enabling adaptive learning to individual differences in optical links and environmental characteristics. By introducing dual baselines of loss consistency and change rate, it is possible to distinguish between slowly varying interferences such as temperature and actual link faults, thereby further improving robustness, monitoring efficiency, and accuracy.

[0067] Furthermore, before determining that the optical link is in a fault state, provided that loss consistency, loss change rate, and loss parameter thresholds meet the link fault conditions, the following steps are also included:

[0068] Based on the loss consistency baseline and preset loss consistency floating parameters, the loss consistency threshold is determined.

[0069] Based on the baseline of loss change rate and the preset floating parameter of loss change rate, the threshold of loss change rate is determined.

[0070] Before performing a health status determination, the loss consistency threshold and loss change rate threshold for status determination can be calculated based on the learned dynamic baselines (loss consistency baseline and loss change rate baseline) and preset floating parameters (preset loss consistency floating parameters and preset loss change rate floating parameters), respectively, achieving adaptive and refined threshold setting. For example, a stored loss consistency baseline can be loaded, and preset loss consistency floating parameters can be obtained. These preset loss consistency floating parameters can be pre-configured according to the ambient temperature fluctuation range of the optical module. The loss consistency floating parameters and preset loss consistency floating parameters can be set to a uniform value or different values ​​for different temperature ranges. Then, based on the loss consistency baseline and preset loss consistency floating parameters, the loss consistency threshold can be determined, for example, by calculating the sum of the loss consistency baseline and preset loss consistency floating parameters; similarly, based on the loss change rate baseline and preset loss change rate floating parameters, the loss change rate threshold can be determined, for example, by calculating the sum of the loss change rate baseline and preset loss change rate floating parameters. Thus, by using an adaptive threshold determination mechanism based on dynamic baselines and preset floating parameters, the threshold for judging the health status of optical links can be set in a refined manner, avoiding false alarms and missed alarms caused by improper threshold settings, and effectively improving the accuracy of health status monitoring results.

[0071] Furthermore, based on the transmit and receive optical power of the optical module, the bidirectional link loss of the optical link is calculated, including:

[0072] Invalid data processing is performed on the transmitted and received optical power;

[0073] The bidirectional link loss of the optical link is calculated based on the transmitted and received optical power after invalid data processing.

[0074] When calculating the bidirectional link loss of an optical link based on the transmit and receive optical power of an optical module, invalid data processing can be performed on the transmit and receive optical power first, removing data from the insertion / removal states, as there is no valid link loss data during this period. This process can include removing null and missing values, and removing data outside a set range (which can be a physically reasonable range for transmit and receive optical power). Then, the bidirectional link loss is calculated based on the invalid data-processed transmit and receive optical power. By removing invalid data, the consistency and stability and reliability of the loss calculation based on the cleaned data can be further improved, significantly reducing the false alarm and false negative rates of health status assessment, and further improving monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

[0075] Furthermore, the calculation of optical link loss parameters based on the first link loss and the second link loss also includes:

[0076] If the loss consistency is less than the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is less than the loss change rate threshold, the optical link is determined to be in a normal state.

[0077] If the loss consistency, loss change rate, and loss parameter thresholds meet the link failure conditions, the optical link is determined to be in a fault state, including:

[0078] If the loss consistency is less than the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is less than the loss change rate threshold, the optical link is determined to be in a normal state.

[0079] If the loss consistency is less than the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is greater than or equal to the loss change rate threshold, the fault type of the optical link is determined to be the first fault type.

[0080] If the loss consistency is greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is less than the loss change rate threshold, the fault type of the optical link is determined to be the second fault type.

[0081] If the loss consistency is greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is greater than or equal to the loss change rate threshold, the fault type of the optical link is determined to be the third fault type.

[0082] The health status of an optical link can include a normal state and a fault state, with the fault state including different fault types. For example, if the loss consistency is less than the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is less than the loss change rate threshold, the optical link is considered to be in a normal state. If the loss consistency is less than the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is greater than or equal to the loss change rate threshold, it is classified as a first fault type, indicating a rapid change type fault. The link's loss consistency is still within the normal range, but the change rate is significantly faster, indicating that the fluctuation is not caused by slow changes such as temperature, but rather by faults such as link contamination or fiber bending. If the loss consistency is greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is less than the loss change rate threshold, the optical link is classified as a second fault type, representing a module performance degradation type fault. The link consistency exceeds the normal range, but the change rate is slow, indicating that aging of modules in the link leads to performance degradation; aging of lasers, photodetectors, etc., falls into this category of faults. If the loss consistency is greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold, and the loss change rate is greater than or equal to the loss change rate, then the optical link fault type is the third type. The third type of fault represents a composite fault, where both loss consistency and change rate exceed the normal range, and the link status changes drastically in a short period of time. Significant fiber bending, physical damage, and link contamination accompanied by module aging are examples of this type of fault. Thus, based on multi-condition logical judgment using loss consistency, loss change rate, and preset thresholds, accurate classification of the optical link health status can be achieved, further improving the accuracy of monitoring results.

[0083] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0084] Based on loss consistency, loss change rate, and loss consistency threshold and loss change rate threshold, the remaining lifetime of the optical link is predicted.

[0085] Furthermore, based on the current loss consistency and loss change rate, the remaining time required for parameters to exceed the threshold range can be derived using linear extrapolation, with the minimum value being the link's remaining lifetime. For example, loss consistency and loss change rate can be used as two independent lifetime prediction indicators, and the remaining time required to reach their respective thresholds can be calculated using linear extrapolation. The minimum of these two values ​​is then taken as the link's overall remaining lifetime. This allows for link lifetime prediction, providing timely data for operations and maintenance, and further reducing the risk of failure.

[0086] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0087] If an optical link interruption is detected, acquire the operating data of the optical link during a preset period before the interruption;

[0088] When the operating data is less than the first set threshold and the rate of change of the operating data is less than the second set threshold, the optical link enters the plugging / unplugging state.

[0089] The optical link enters a fault state if the operating data is greater than or equal to the first set threshold or the rate of change of the operating data is greater than or equal to the second set threshold.

[0090] If a link interruption event is detected during optical link monitoring, the system enters an interruption state, automatically retrieving operational data from a preset period prior to the interruption, such as operating voltage, bias current, temperature, transmit optical power, and receive optical power. For each parameter, its rate of change, standard deviation, or variance can be calculated to determine its stability. Then, for each piece of operational data, the value of each parameter is compared to a first preset threshold, and the rate of change of each parameter is compared to a second preset threshold. If the rate of change of all operational parameters is less than the second preset threshold and the operational data is less than the first preset threshold, it indicates that the modules in the link were operating stably before the interruption, with no obvious signs of degradation. The system determines this interruption to be a plug-in / plug-out state and enters this state, which corresponds to manual operations in maintenance scenarios such as active plugging / unplugging of connectors, maintenance replacement of modules, or re-insertion after fiber cleaning. If the operating data is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, or the rate of change of the operating data is greater than or equal to a second preset threshold, it indicates that the link had already experienced performance degradation or abnormal fluctuations before the interruption. The system determines this interruption as a fault state and enters a fault state, which corresponds to unplanned faults such as a surge in loss due to link contamination, fiber breakage, or sudden module failure. Thus, by acquiring multi-dimensional operating data within a preset time period after the interruption and determining the link status based on its values ​​and rates of change, the cause of the link interruption can be automatically identified and classified, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of status identification and further enhancing monitoring accuracy and efficiency.

[0091] Furthermore, after the optical link enters the plugging / unplugging state when the operating data is less than a first preset threshold and the rate of change of the operating data is less than a second preset threshold, the process also includes:

[0092] If the optical link recovers within a preset time, it enters a normal state and acquires the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link.

[0093] If the optical link fails to recover within a preset time period, the optical link enters a fault state.

[0094] After entering the plug-in / plug-out state, the system continuously monitors the link recovery status and determines the subsequent state transition path based on the link status within a preset time period, achieving intelligent transition from the plug-in / plug-out state to the normal or fault state. For example, after entering the plug-in / plug-out state, a configurable timer with a preset duration can be initialized. The specific duration can be set according to operational habits and network reliability requirements. During the timer's operation, the link recovery signal of the optical link can be continuously monitored. If the link recovers normally within the preset time period, the system transitions from the plug-in / plug-out state to the normal state. After entering the normal state, the bidirectional link loss calculation process is reactivated to obtain the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link. Based on the recovered optical power parameters (the transmit and receive optical power at this time), health monitoring restarts. Conversely, if the optical link does not recover within the preset time period, the system transitions from the plug-in / plug-out state to the fault state. After entering the fault state, an alarm can be reported, indicating that there is a real link fault rather than maintenance operation, and a periodic interruption monitoring process (e.g., monitoring every 30 seconds) is initiated to continuously monitor the link status until the fault is resolved. Thus, by introducing a link recovery monitoring mechanism with a preset duration after plugging and unplugging, the effectiveness of maintenance operations can be automatically verified and the state can be intelligently transferred, further improving monitoring efficiency.

[0095] Furthermore, after the optical link enters a fault state, it also includes:

[0096] Upon detecting the recovery of the optical link, the system enters a learning state and acquires the historical optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link at each sampling time within a preset time period.

[0097] Upon entering a fault state, the system monitors the recovery status of the optical link. If link recovery is detected, a state transition occurs, moving from the fault state to a learning state. In the learning state, historical optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link at each sampling time within a preset time period are reacquired. Based on these historical optical power parameters, the loss consistency baseline and loss change rate baseline are redefined to provide more accurate data for subsequent health monitoring. This further improves the efficiency and accuracy of health monitoring.

[0098] To make the optical link health monitoring method provided in this disclosure clearer, the following example will be used for illustration.

[0099] Compared to analyzing the absolute parameter values ​​of a single optical module in isolation, this embodiment treats the optical modules at both ends of the same optical link as a complete monitoring object. This paradigm is based on the following physical principle: for a physically stable optical fiber link with good optical performance, the loss of the optical signal transmitted from end A to end B should theoretically be equal to or very close to the loss transmitted from end B to end A; this is the principle of "bidirectional loss consistency." By calculating and comparing bidirectional losses in real time, the monitoring focus shifts from the absolute values ​​of parameters to their relative relationships. Once an asymmetry in bidirectional loss is detected, it can be determined that there is an asymmetric fault in the link caused by connector contamination, bending, or physical damage. This can fundamentally solve the problem that related technologies cannot effectively diagnose such link-level physical faults.

[0100] To address inherent biases caused by differences in modules at both ends of the link (such as varying accuracy of transmit optical power fitting and receiver sensitivity), this embodiment introduces dynamic baseline learning. The inherent differences between different module models result in an inherent, non-zero baseline value for bidirectional loss. This embodiment automatically learns the statistical characteristics of this baseline (such as mean and standard deviation) during the link's health period, making the judgment threshold adaptive to the specific link, thereby achieving seamless compatibility with modules from different manufacturers. Regarding dynamic biases caused by temperature differences between modules at both ends of the link, this embodiment removes them based on the following principle: temperature-induced loss differences are slow and periodic, while fault-induced loss differences are relatively rapid. This embodiment filters out temperature changes by observing the rate of change of bidirectional loss differences. Furthermore, a maximum fluctuation range for loss differences can be set based on the actual temperature difference in the physical environment. This ensures that even if the change is slow, it will still be detected if it drifts outside this range. The maximum fluctuation range can also be adjusted according to temperature ranges.

[0101] like Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a system architecture diagram of the method in this embodiment. The system includes:

[0102] Data acquisition unit: Deployed on the network switch or optical module monitoring motherboard. This unit is configured to periodically and synchronously acquire parameters from the optical modules at both ends of the same fiber optic link.

[0103] Data storage unit: Deployed on a network switch or network management server / cloud platform. This unit is configured to store the dual-end synchronous data reported by the data acquisition unit in time sequence, and to establish an independent data archive for each physical link.

[0104] Computing Unit: Deployed on network switches or network management servers / cloud platforms. This unit is the "brain" of the system, embedding a state machine engine and core analysis algorithms, responsible for performing state transitions, dynamic baseline learning, bidirectional loss calculation, consistency analysis, and fault diagnosis.

[0105] Application Unit: Deployed on the network management server / cloud platform. This unit is configured to receive the results from the computing unit, provide a visualization interface to display link health status, fault warnings (including delimitation information), and remaining lifetime prediction, and support the issuance of alarm work orders.

[0106] The method in this embodiment can be driven by a state machine with multiple states, which can switch states according to different events and conditions. Its state transition logic is as follows: Figure 3 .in:

[0107] 1. Learning status:

[0108] a) Description: After the link is established for the first time, a module is replaced, or a fault is repaired, the system automatically enters a learning state. In this state, the system continuously collects optical module data and completes the initial calculation of the dynamic baseline (such as the mean and standard deviation of the bidirectional loss difference). The learning state allows this invention to be flexibly applied to different modules and links.

[0109] b) Transfer: When the preset learning time or data volume requirement is reached, the system will automatically transfer to the normal state.

[0110] 2. Normal state:

[0111] a) Description: Based on the established health baseline, real-time monitoring begins, reporting the current link status and prediction results. Simultaneously, it detects whether there are any link interruption events.

[0112] b) Transition: Upon detecting a link interruption event, the system transitions to the interruption state. If, under normal conditions, the bidirectional loss consistency performance is consistently significantly better than the existing threshold, the system re-enters the learning state. This indicates that the previous baseline was likely learned under conditions of link contamination, and relearning is necessary after the current cleanup.

[0113] 3. Interruption status:

[0114] a) Description: A brief, temporary state. After the system enters an interrupt state, it infers the cause of the link interruption based on the currently collected data, and then transitions to the corresponding state.

[0115] b) Transfer: If, for a period of time before the module is interrupted, the monitored data such as operating voltage, bias current, temperature, and emitted optical power remain stable without significant fluctuations or exceeding thresholds, then the module is determined to have been plugged in or unplugged and enters the plugging / unplugging state; otherwise, it enters the fault state.

[0116] 4. Plug-in / unplugged status:

[0117] a) Description: The system determines that a module has been plugged in or unplugged, causing a link interruption. Upon entering this state, the system initializes a timer according to a set value and waits for recovery. Whether in a plugged-in / unplugged state or a fault state, the system reports the status for the operations and maintenance system to view and assess. Because the plugged-in / unplugged state lacks effective loss information, data collected in this state will not be considered valid data for calculations in the normal state process.

[0118] b) Transfer: If the link recovers before the timer expires, it is considered that the plugging and unplugging operation (such as cleaning the connector and then re-inserting it) has been completed, the system recovers and enters the normal state; if the link still does not recover after the timer expires, it is considered a fault and enters the fault state.

[0119] 5. Fault Status:

[0120] a) Description: Periodically detect link interruption status.

[0121] b) Transfer: Once troubleshooting and repair are complete, the link will no longer be interrupted, and the system will re-enter the learning state. If the link remains interrupted, the system will remain in the fault state.

[0122] Under the above learning state, the execution process can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 This includes the following processing:

[0123] 1. Bidirectional loss calculation: based on the transmitted optical power of modules A and B at both ends of the link. , and received optical power , Calculate the bidirectional link loss.

[0124]

[0125]

[0126] The power unit is dBm, and the loss unit is dB.

[0127] 2. Loss Consistency Calculation: Loss consistency is calculated based on bidirectional link loss. The absolute value of the loss difference can be used as the loss consistency index, i.e.:

[0128]

[0129] 3. Rate of change calculation: Calculate the rate of change at the current time t2 based on the consistency of loss between two adjacent times t1 and t2.

[0130]

[0131] 4. Statistical Calculation: Calculate the statistical parameters of loss consistency and rate of change during the learning period to determine the dynamic baseline (including the consistency baseline and the rate of change baseline). The consistency baseline can be the mean of loss consistency.

[0132]

[0133] in, T L The timestamps for data collection during the learning phase. This indicates the number of them.

[0134] The baseline for the rate of change can be the maximum value of the rate of change, because the links during the learning period are considered normal, and therefore the rate of change during that period is within the normal range.

[0135]

[0136] 5. Dynamic baseline storage: Stores both consistency baseline and rate of change baseline.

[0137] Under normal circumstances, the execution logic can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 5 The calculation of bidirectional loss, loss consistency, and rate of change are consistent with the learning phase; the other steps are as follows:

[0138] 1. Invalid data removal: Remove data during the plug-in / plug-out state, as there is no valid link loss information during this state.

[0139] 2. Threshold Calculation: Load the stored consistency baseline and rate of change baseline, and adjust the threshold according to the set consistency fluctuation range. δ ΔL and the range of change rate δ RL Calculate the consistency threshold used for state determination. ΔL thr and rate of change threshold R L thr .For example, , .

[0140] 3. State determination: Based on the consistency of loss at the current time t. ΔL(t) and rate of change R L (t) The relationship between the link status and related parameters can be used to determine the link status. The relationship between the status and related parameters can be shown in the table below.

[0141]

[0142] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the link status assessment process. Fault 1 (the first fault type) represents a rapidly changing fault. While the link loss consistency remains within the normal range, the rate of change is significantly accelerated, indicating that the fluctuation is not caused by slowly changing indicators such as temperature. Link contamination and fiber bending fall into this category. Fault 2 (the second fault type) represents a module performance degradation fault. The link consistency exceeds the normal range, but the rate of change is slow, indicating that aging of modules in the link leads to performance degradation. Aging of lasers, photodetectors, etc., falls into this category. Fault 3 (the third fault type) represents a composite fault. Both loss consistency and the rate of change exceed the normal range, indicating a drastic change in the link status within a short period. Significant fiber bending, physical damage, and link contamination accompanied by module aging fall into this category.

[0143] In the interrupted state, the present invention performs as follows: Figure 7 The process shown:

[0144] 1. Stability estimation of indicators: based on the time of interruption. t down Based on this, select a short time window from the previous period. For optical module data (such as DDM data), calculate the stability of each parameter within that period. Variance, standard deviation, min-max difference, etc. can be selected as indicators of stability.

[0145] 2. Indicator threshold analysis: This can check whether each parameter in the data within the above time window exceeds the threshold.

[0146] 3. Interruption cause determination: If the indicators are relatively stable and do not exceed the threshold, it means that the modules in the link were working normally before the interruption, and the interruption was caused by plugging or unplugging; if the indicators are unstable or exceed the threshold, it means that the link was in poor working condition before the interruption, and the interruption is very likely caused by further degradation of the link leading to a fault.

[0147] Furthermore, considering that the loss consistency calculation for the learning state and the normal state uses the absolute value of the bidirectional loss difference, and the rate of change is the rate of change of the absolute value, it may not reflect the original rate of change. Therefore, in some embodiments, the loss consistency calculation may also use the loss ratio or difference of the bidirectional link (without taking the absolute value), and the corresponding rate of change calculation can reflect the original change situation.

[0148] In this setting, both the loss consistency threshold and the rate of change threshold change from one-sided thresholds to two-sided thresholds, because both increases and decreases in these indicators could indicate a deterioration in link quality. The loss consistency threshold at this point can be expressed as:

[0149]

[0150] The threshold for the rate of change is:

[0151]

[0152] Similarly, different values ​​can be set for the floating range in the two directions.

[0153] Furthermore, the fluctuation range of loss consistency and rate of change (loss change rate) can be divided into different values ​​based on the temperature difference between the two modules to accommodate situations where the operating temperatures of the two modules differ too much. For example, the temperature difference can be... (Unit: °C) is divided into three intervals: , , And set different floating range coefficients for each interval (e.g.) , , The formula for calculating the loss consistency threshold is: ,in, i This corresponds to the temperature difference range. The calculation of the rate of change threshold is similar.

[0154] Furthermore, under normal conditions, based on the above embodiments, the link status can be further refined and broken down into local module status, peer module status, and physical link status by combining the optical module fault analysis scheme, thereby achieving more granular analysis and prediction.

[0155] Based on this, this embodiment can keenly capture transmission asymmetry caused by physical path anomalies through bidirectional link loss consistency analysis, effectively diagnosing typical link-level faults such as fiber optic connector contamination, bending, and physical damage that are imperceptible by traditional methods, significantly improving the coverage and accuracy of monitoring and enhancing monitoring performance. Using the relative relationship (consistency) of bidirectional loss as the core criterion can effectively offset systematic biases, ensuring that monitoring results are no longer affected by the factory fitting accuracy of optical modules and long-term aging drift. Even in harsh environments with device aging and drastic temperature fluctuations, the system can maintain stable monitoring performance, significantly improving robustness. The dynamic baseline learning mechanism allows the solution to be deployed without extensive fault data training, seamlessly adapting to different manufacturers and models of optical modules. It eliminates the need for separate development or training for each module, shortening the monitoring deployment cycle of new links from several weeks required by traditional machine learning solutions to several hours, truly achieving "plug and play," greatly improving scalability and deployment efficiency. Through fault classification and remaining lifetime prediction, it provides high-value information for maintenance personnel, shortening the mean time to repair faults and realizing a shift from "passive maintenance" to "predictive maintenance."

[0156] It should be noted that the embodiments of this disclosure may include multiple steps. For ease of description, these steps are numbered, but these numbers are not a limitation on the execution time slots or execution order between the steps; these steps can be implemented in any order, and the embodiments of this disclosure do not limit this.

[0157] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods according to the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method.

[0158] According to embodiments of this disclosure, this disclosure also provides an optical link health monitoring device.

[0159] For example, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical link health monitoring device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure. The optical link health monitoring device 800 includes:

[0160] The parameter acquisition module 810 is used to acquire the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link; wherein, the optical power parameters of the optical modules include the transmitted optical power and the received optical power;

[0161] The first parameter calculation module 820 is used to calculate the bidirectional link loss of the optical link based on the transmit optical power and receive optical power of the optical module; wherein, the bidirectional link loss of the optical link includes the first link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and the second link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end.

[0162] The second parameter calculation module 830 is used to calculate the loss parameters of the optical link based on the first link loss and the second link loss; wherein the loss parameters include at least one of loss consistency and loss change rate.

[0163] The health monitoring module 840 is used to determine that the optical link is in a fault state when the loss consistency, loss change rate, and loss parameter thresholds meet the link fault conditions; wherein, the loss parameter thresholds include the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate threshold, and the loss parameter thresholds are determined based on the historical optical power parameters of the optical module; the fault state includes at least one fault type.

[0164] Furthermore, it also includes a baseline determination module for:

[0165] Obtain the historical optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link at each sampling time within a preset time period; wherein, the historical optical power parameters include historical transmitted optical power and historical received optical power;

[0166] Based on historical transmitted optical power and historical received optical power, the historical bidirectional link loss of the optical link at each moment is calculated; wherein, the historical bidirectional link loss includes the first historical link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and the second historical link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end.

[0167] Based on the first historical link loss and the second historical link loss, the consistency of the historical loss of the optical link at each time point is calculated.

[0168] Based on the historical loss consistency index at each time point, calculate the historical loss change rate at each time point.

[0169] Based on the historical loss consistency and historical loss change rate at each time point, the loss consistency baseline and the loss change rate baseline are determined and stored; among them, the loss consistency baseline and the loss change rate baseline are used to determine the loss parameter threshold.

[0170] Furthermore, it also includes a threshold determination module, used for:

[0171] Based on the loss consistency baseline and preset loss consistency floating parameters, the loss consistency threshold is determined.

[0172] Based on the baseline of loss change rate and the preset floating parameter of loss change rate, the threshold of loss change rate is determined.

[0173] Furthermore, the first parameter calculation module 820 is used for:

[0174] Invalid data processing is performed on the transmitted and received optical power;

[0175] The bidirectional link loss of the optical link is calculated based on the transmitted and received optical power after invalid data processing.

[0176] Furthermore, the health monitoring module 840 is used for:

[0177] If the loss consistency is less than the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is less than the loss change rate threshold, the optical link is determined to be in a normal state.

[0178] If the loss consistency is less than the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is greater than or equal to the loss change rate threshold, the fault type of the optical link is determined to be the first fault type.

[0179] If the loss consistency is greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is less than the loss change rate threshold, the fault type of the optical link is determined to be the second fault type.

[0180] If the loss consistency is greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is greater than or equal to the loss change rate threshold, the fault type of the optical link is determined to be the third fault type.

[0181] Furthermore, it also includes a prediction module for:

[0182] Based on loss consistency, loss change rate, and loss consistency threshold and loss change rate threshold, the remaining lifetime of the optical link is predicted.

[0183] Furthermore, it also includes a first state switching module, used for:

[0184] If an optical link interruption is detected, acquire the operating data of the optical link during a preset period before the interruption;

[0185] When the operating data is less than the first set threshold and the rate of change of the operating data is less than the second set threshold, the optical link enters the plugging / unplugging state.

[0186] The optical link enters a fault state if the operating data is greater than or equal to the first set threshold or the rate of change of the operating data is greater than or equal to the second set threshold.

[0187] Furthermore, it also includes a second state switching module, used for:

[0188] If the optical link recovers within a preset time, it enters a normal state and acquires the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link.

[0189] If the optical link fails to recover within a preset time period, the optical link enters a fault state.

[0190] Furthermore, it also includes a third state switching module, used for:

[0191] Upon detecting the recovery of the optical link, the system enters a learning state and acquires the historical optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link at each sampling time within a preset time period.

[0192] It should be noted that the description of the features in the embodiment corresponding to the optical link health monitoring device can be found in the relevant description of the embodiment corresponding to the optical link health monitoring method, and will not be repeated here.

[0193] Embodiments of this disclosure also provide an electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program and the processor being configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0194] Embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program configured to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments when executed.

[0195] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0196] Embodiments of this disclosure also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0197] Embodiments of this disclosure also provide another computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0198] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this disclosure.

[0199] The above provides a detailed description of an optical link health monitoring method provided by this disclosure. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this disclosure. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this disclosure without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A method for monitoring the health of an optical link, characterized in that, include: Obtain the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link; wherein, the optical power parameters of the optical modules include transmit optical power and receive optical power; Based on the transmitted optical power and the received optical power of the optical module, the bidirectional link loss of the optical link is calculated; wherein, the bidirectional link loss of the optical link includes a first link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and a second link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end. Based on the first link loss and the second link loss, the loss parameters of the optical link are calculated; wherein, the loss parameters include at least one of loss consistency and loss change rate; If the loss consistency, the loss change rate, and the loss parameter threshold meet the link failure conditions, the optical link is determined to be in a fault state; wherein, the loss parameter threshold includes a loss consistency threshold and a loss change rate threshold, and the loss parameter threshold is determined based on the historical optical power parameters of the optical module; the fault state includes at least one fault type; wherein, if the loss consistency is less than the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is greater than or equal to the loss change rate threshold, the fault type of the optical link is determined to be a first fault type; If the loss consistency is greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is less than the loss change rate threshold, the fault type of the optical link is determined to be the second fault type. If the loss consistency is greater than or equal to the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is greater than or equal to the loss change rate threshold, the fault type of the optical link is determined to be the third fault type.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before obtaining the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link, the method further includes: Obtain the historical optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link at each sampling time within a preset time period; wherein, the historical optical power parameters include historical transmitted optical power and historical received optical power; Based on the historical transmitted optical power and historical received optical power, the historical bidirectional link loss of the optical link at each time point is calculated; wherein, the historical bidirectional link loss includes the first historical link loss from the optical module at the first end of the optical link to the optical module at the second end, and the second historical link loss from the optical module at the second end of the optical link to the optical module at the first end. Based on the first historical link loss and the second historical link loss, calculate the consistency of the historical loss of the optical link at each time point; Based on the historical loss consistency index at each time point, calculate the historical loss change rate at each time point. Based on the historical loss consistency and the historical loss change rate at each time point, a loss consistency baseline and a loss change rate baseline are determined and stored; wherein, the loss consistency baseline and the loss change rate baseline are used to determine the loss parameter threshold.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before determining that the optical link is in a fault state when the loss consistency, the loss change rate, and the loss parameter threshold meet the link fault conditions, the method further includes: Based on the loss consistency baseline and the preset loss consistency floating parameter, the loss consistency threshold is determined; Based on the baseline of the loss change rate and the preset loss change rate floating parameter, the loss change rate threshold is determined.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the bidirectional link loss of the optical link based on the transmitted optical power and the received optical power of the optical module includes: Invalid data processing is performed on the transmitted optical power and the received optical power; The bidirectional link loss of the optical link is calculated based on the transmitted optical power and the received optical power after invalid data processing.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, After calculating the loss parameters of the optical link based on the first link loss and the second link loss, the method further includes: If the loss consistency is less than the loss consistency threshold and the loss change rate is less than the loss change rate threshold, the optical link is determined to be in a normal state.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: Based on the loss consistency, the loss change rate, the loss consistency threshold, and the loss change rate threshold, the remaining lifetime of the optical link is predicted.

7. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: If an optical link interruption is detected, the operating data of the optical link during a preset period prior to the interruption shall be obtained; When the operating data is less than a first preset threshold and the rate of change of the operating data is less than a second preset threshold, the optical link enters a plugging / unplugging state. If the operating data is greater than or equal to the first set threshold or the rate of change of the operating data is greater than or equal to the second set threshold, the optical link enters a fault state.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, After the optical link enters the plugging / unplugging state when the operating data is less than a first preset threshold and the rate of change of the operating data is less than a second preset threshold, the process further includes: If the optical link recovers within a preset time period, it enters a normal state and acquires the optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link. If the optical link fails to recover within a preset time period, the optical link enters the fault state.

9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that, After the optical link enters a fault state, it also includes: Upon detecting the recovery of the optical link, the system enters a learning state to acquire the historical optical power parameters of the optical modules at both ends of the optical link at each sampling time within a preset time period.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: At least one processor; as well as, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-9.

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