Transmission and reflection intelligent metasurface assisted pleasure boat 5G communication enhancement method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a transmission and reflection intelligent metasurface assisted pleasure boat 5G communication enhancement method and system, and relates to the technical field of 5G wireless communication. The technical key points are as follows: the system comprises a ground 5G base station, a transmission and reflection intelligent metasurface on a shore or a viaduct, a 5G-CPE terminal set on a ship, an AP set, a Wi-Fi user, a 5G signal enhancement decision controller and a load balancing decision controller; according to the method, a transmission / reflection working mode and phase shift of a shoreside intelligent metasurface are dynamically adjusted according to a sailing route of a pleasure boat, the 5G signal intensity of a 5G-CPE set on the pleasure boat is enhanced, and the 5G total data transmission rate on the boat is improved; and meanwhile, the 5G CPE converts a 5G signal into a WI-FI signal to provide a 5G data communication service for the indoor place of the pleasure boat, so that the goal of expanding the 5G coverage area to the indoor place of the pleasure boat in the river is achieved, and the requirements of tourist live video and pleasure boat remote video monitoring on high-bandwidth and low-delay 5G wireless service are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of 5G wireless communication technology, specifically to a method and system for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships assisted by a transmissive and reflective smart metasurface. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread deployment of 5G, high-bandwidth, massive connectivity services are rapidly developing. In recent years, the eMBB enabling characteristics of 5G have driven the development of UGC services. 5G-based wireless video surveillance requires no complex wiring, is easy to deploy, and is suitable for emergency and temporary locations. New energy cruise ships are an important green cultural tourism service business, requiring high-speed, low-latency networks to enhance the entertainment experience for tourists, attract live-streaming e-commerce to expand commercial value, and simultaneously require real-time remote monitoring, demanding high-bandwidth, low-latency services. However, cruise ships cannot access high-bandwidth networks via wired connections while sailing, and 5G terminal signals are weak. Providing high-speed, low-latency data communication services for cruise ships is a key issue.

[0003] Transmissive-reflective smart metasurfaces (STAR-RIS) are an emerging wireless communication technology that can regulate incident signal propagation, alter the transmission environment, and reconstruct channels to enhance wireless signals. Compared to traditional RIS, it can enhance signals across the entire space. Deploying it along a riverbank, dynamically adjusting the operating mode and electromagnetic unit phase shift based on the cruise ship's route can enhance 5G signals on board. However, the operating mode and electromagnetic unit phase shift control strategies have a significant impact on the 5G signal on board. Further research is needed on how to adjust the operating mode and reconstruct the channel based on the route and channel conditions.

[0004] On the other hand, 5G-CPEs can convert between 5G and Wi-Fi signals, enabling full 5G coverage on board by deploying 5G-CPEs outdoors and APs indoors via wired connections. However, cruise ships are large, and a single 5G-CPE and AP deployment cannot meet the high bandwidth and low latency requirements. Furthermore, high-bandwidth services from multiple locations on board converging on the same device can cause network congestion. Therefore, how to combine multiple 5G-CPEs and APs to balance high-bandwidth service flows and meet the diverse needs of users is a key issue in enhancing 5G wireless communication on cruise ships.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a method and system for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships with the assistance of transmissive and reflective smart metasurfaces, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a method and system for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships with the assistance of intelligent metasurfaces for transmission and reflection. By using intelligent metasurface technology for transmission and reflection, the 5G signal coverage can be extended to the interior of cruise ships in the river, bringing high-bandwidth and low-latency data communication services to users on board.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] This invention provides a method for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships assisted by a smart metasurface for transmission and reflection. The method is as follows:

[0009] The S1 5G signal enhancement decision controller periodically adjusts the working mode of the intelligent metasurface and the phase shift of the array unit based on the cruise ship's location and the wireless channel quality status of the 5G-CPE terminal set on the cruise ship, thereby enhancing the 5G communication capability of the 5G-CPE terminal set on the cruise ship.

[0010] S2. The load balancing decision controller on the cruise ship periodically performs load balancing optimization and allocates the 5G communication bandwidth of the 5G-CPE terminal set to each AP according to the service load information of the AP set on the ship, so that Wi-Fi users under the coverage of the AP on the ship can access the 5G communication network through the 5G-CPE to obtain high bandwidth and low latency communication services.

[0011] The specific steps of S1 are as follows:

[0012] S101. Periodically sense the position of the cruise ship and set the working mode of the smart metasurface according to the positions of the base station, the smart metasurface, and the ship. Specifically, when the base station and the ship are on the same side of the smart metasurface, set the working mode of the smart metasurface to reflection mode; otherwise, set the working mode of the smart metasurface to transmission mode.

[0013] S102. The time period of the smart metasurface under the same working mode is further divided into several small-scale time periods according to the ship's position. At the beginning of each small-scale time period, the phase shift strategy of the smart metasurface in that time period is determined according to the 5G-CPE terminal position information on the cruise ship, and the phase shift of the smart metasurface array unit is set according to the phase shift strategy.

[0014] S103. When a terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal set accesses a new base station or the base station sends a UE capability query, the terminal sends UE capability information to the base station. The UE capability information includes the downlink and uplink data transmission capabilities that the terminal can support.

[0015] S104. The base station dynamically adjusts the modulation order based on the received UE capability information and the uplink and downlink signal strength of the terminal, so that the 5G-CPE obtains the maximum uplink and downlink data transmission rate. The data transmission rate is expressed by the formula... Calculate, here, Represents the modulation order, a natural number. Indicates the first Taiwan 5G-CPE terminal, Indicates the number of aggregated carriers. Indicates the number of MIMO layers. Indicates the diffusion factor. Indicates encoding efficiency. This indicates the maximum number of resource blocks under bandwidth BW. Indicates the average OFDM symbol duration. Indicates expense.

[0016] Specifically, in step S102, the phase shift strategy of the smart metasurface during the time period is determined based on the location information of the 5G-CPE terminal on the cruise ship.

[0017] S102-01, the channel coefficients of the 5G-CPE terminal set to the base station and the 5G-CPE terminal set reflected / transmitted to the base station via the intelligent metasurface unit array at the current moment are respectively tagged as follows: , , ,here, This refers to the set of 5G-CPE terminals. It is one of the 5G-CPE terminals. yes matrix, yes The matrix represents the cascaded channel gain from the 5G-CPE terminal to the intelligent metasurface element array and from the intelligent metasurface element array to the base station, where natural numbers... The number of antennas in the base station is represented by N, a natural number that represents the number of smart metasurface units. When the smart metasurface operates in reflection mode, This represents the reflection channel coefficient when the smart metasurface operates in transmission mode. Represents the transmission channel coefficient;

[0018] S102-02: A phase shift strategy for candidate smart metasurfaces is formed based on the phase shift control range and unit arrangement characteristics of smart metasurface units. Specifically, this involves adjusting the phase shift of the smart metasurface units from... Within a certain range, several values ​​controllable by the intelligent metasurface controller are selected, dividing the intelligent metasurface array units into a finite number of groups. Units within each group take the same phase shift value. Groups are then arranged and combined according to their phase shift value ranges to form a set of candidate phase shift strategies for the intelligent metasurface. Each strategy in this set is a... A matrix containing a phase shift value for each element, where the natural number N represents the number of smart metasurface elements. For example, suppose the adjustable phase of each smart metasurface element is... The eight equal parts, that is, 0, , , … Intelligent metasurface arrays are composed of Unit composition, combination Figure 6 The array is further divided into 4 groups, each group containing If there are 4 units, then the strategy set has 4 8 Given a strategy, if the phase shifts of groups 1-4 in one of the strategies are 0, , , The candidate phase shift strategy for this intelligent metasurface is (0,…,0, ,…, , ,…, , ,…, );

[0019] S102-03. Select a set of phase-shifting strategies from the candidate smart metasurface phase-shifting strategies, such that the total channel gain obtained by the 5G-CPE terminal set under the phase-shifting strategies is the largest among the total channel gains of all strategies. Specifically, the total wireless channel gain of the terminal set under smart metasurface assistance is the sum of the channel gains of each terminal under the phase-shifting strategy. The channel gain of a single terminal is the sum of the transmission / reflection signal gains of the smart metasurface array obtained by that terminal, or the sum of the transmission / reflection signal gains of the smart metasurface array and the signal gain of the direct link. When the signal quality of the direct link of a single terminal is not lower than the minimum threshold required for communication, the channel gain of that terminal is the sum of the transmission / reflection signal gains of the smart metasurface array obtained by that terminal and the signal gain of the direct link. When the signal quality of the direct link of that terminal is lower than the minimum threshold required for communication, the channel gain of that terminal is the sum of the transmission / reflection signal gains of the smart metasurface array obtained by that terminal. That is, the phase-shifting strategy... satisfy here, Represents the maximum value function. This represents the phase shift vector of the intelligent metasurface. The transpose matrix is ​​represented by the formula for the sum of signal gains. Calculate, where, Indicates the first Wireless channel gain of a 5G-CPE terminal with the assistance of a smart metasurface Representing complex numbers The Euclidean norm, It is a binary variable, when hour ,otherwise ,here, It is the minimum threshold for communication via a direct link, complex number. Let represent the vector of the intelligent metasurface reflection / transmission array, where the complex number represents the vector of the intelligent metasurface reflection / transmission array. Indicates the first The reflection / transmission coefficient of each unit, This is the amplitude amplification factor; take the maximum value. It is the reflection / transmission phase shift of this unit.

[0020] The specific steps of S2 are as follows:

[0021] S201. The load balancing decision controller on the cruise ship obtains the maximum data transmission rate of each terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal set and uses it as the 5G communication bandwidth of that terminal.

[0022] S202, The load balancing decision controller estimates the data transmission rate required by each AP in the AP set based on a moving average, wherein the data transmission rate required by each AP is the sum of the data transmission rates required by all Wi-Fi users connected to that AP;

[0023] S203. The load balancing decision controller allocates the 5G communication bandwidth of each terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal set to each AP based on the MAX-MAX adaptive scheduling strategy. Among them, one AP can be mapped to more than one 5G-CPE terminal, and one 5G-CPE terminal can be connected to more than one AP through slicing technology.

[0024] In S203, the specific steps of the MAX-MAX adaptive scheduling strategy are as follows:

[0025] S203-01. Determine whether the sum of the 5G communication bandwidths of the 5G-CPE terminal set is lower than the sum of the data transmission rates required by the AP set: if yes, proceed to S203-02; if no, skip to S203-03.

[0026] S203-02. Update the AP data transmission rate requirement according to the 5G communication bandwidth capability to match it with the 5G communication capability. Specifically, set the service coefficient to the ratio of the sum of the 5G communication bandwidths to the sum of the data transmission rates required by the AP set. Update the data transmission rate requirement of each AP to the product of the original data transmission rate requirement and the service coefficient minus a random number. That is, the updated data transmission rate requirement of AP i is... ,in, Indicates the business coefficient. It is the sum of the 5G communication bandwidth of the 5G-CPE terminal set. It is the sum of the data transfer rates required by the original set of APs. It is a random positive number;

[0027] S203-03. Arrange the APs in the AP set in descending order according to the data transmission rate required by the APs to obtain the AP sequence based on service requirements;

[0028] S203-04. Perform slice mapping between AP and 5G-CPE terminal.

[0029] The specific steps of S203-04 are as follows:

[0030] S203-04-01. Set the AP-5GCPE slice mapping queue to empty;

[0031] S203-04-02, Determine if the AP sequence is empty: if yes, jump to S203-04-08; if no, go to S203-04-03.

[0032] S203-04-03. Extract the AP sequence header AP and obtain the data transmission rate required by the AP, which is used as its current communication bandwidth to be allocated.

[0033] S203-04-04: Arrange the terminals in the 5G-CPE terminal set in descending order according to the 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the terminals to obtain a 5G terminal sequence based on the currently available communication capabilities.

[0034] S203-04-05. Determine whether the 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the first terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal sequence is not lower than the communication bandwidth to be allocated by the AP: if yes, proceed to S203-04-06; if no, jump to S203-04-07.

[0035] S203-04-06: A network slice is formed between the 5G-CPE terminal and the AP. The 5G slice bandwidth allocated to the AP by the terminal is set to the data transmission rate required by the AP. The slice mapping information between the AP and the 5G-CPE terminal is put into the AP-5G CPE slice mapping queue. The AP is removed from the AP sequence. The available 5G communication bandwidth of the terminal is updated to the difference between the original available communication bandwidth and the slice bandwidth allocated to the AP. Return to S203-04-02.

[0036] S203-04-07. A network slice is formed between the 5G-CPE terminal and the AP. The 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the terminal is allocated to the AP. The slice mapping information between the 5G-CPE terminal and the AP is put into the AP-5G CPE slice mapping queue. The communication bandwidth to be allocated to the AP is set to the difference between the original communication bandwidth to be allocated and the 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the terminal. The available 5G communication bandwidth of the terminal is set to 0. The terminal is removed from the 5G terminal sequence. Return to S203-04-04.

[0037] S203-04-08, Returns AP-5GCPE slice mapping queue information, this process ends.

[0038] The present invention also provides a cruise ship 5G communication enhancement system assisted by a transmissive and reflective smart metasurface, characterized in that: the system includes a ground 5G base station, a transmissive and reflective smart metasurface on the shore or on an overpass, a 5G-CPE terminal set, an AP set, Wi-Fi users, a 5G signal enhancement decision controller, and a load balancing decision controller.

[0039] The 5G-CPE terminal set includes one or more 5G-CPE terminals, and the AP set includes one or more APs; the 5G-CPE terminal is used to receive 5G signals sent by the base station and signals from Wi-Fi users on the ship, and convert them into 5G signals to send to the 5G base station.

[0040] The 5G signal enhancement decision controller dynamically adjusts the transmission and reflection modes of the smart metasurface and reconfigures the phase shift of the smart metasurface array units based on the location information of the base station, smart metasurface, ship, and the wireless channel quality status of the 5G-CPE terminal on board, thereby enhancing the received signal of the 5G-CPE terminal on board and the signal sent by the 5G-CPE to the base station.

[0041] The ground-based 5G base station dynamically adjusts the modulation order based on the UE capability information fed back by the shipboard 5G-CPE to enhance the data transmission rate of the shipboard 5G-CPE.

[0042] The access points (APs) are located inside the ship and are connected to a 5G-CPE via wired connections, enabling extended 5G coverage from the outside of the ship to the inside.

[0043] The load balancing decision controller is located on the ship and adaptively allocates the 5G communication bandwidth of the 5G-CPE terminal set to each AP according to the AP service requirements, so as to meet the diverse 5G access service quality requirements of Wi-Fi users.

[0044] A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the aforementioned method for enhancing 5G wireless communication on cruise ships assisted by a transmissive and reflective smart metasurface.

[0045] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this solution are:

[0046] 1. The cruise ship 5G wireless communication enhancement method of the present invention dynamically adjusts the transmission / reflection working mode and phase shift of the intelligent metasurface on the shore according to the cruise ship's navigation route, enhances the 5G signal strength of the 5G-CPE set on the cruise ship, and improves the total 5G data transmission rate on the ship; furthermore, the 5G-CPE converts the 5G signal into a WI-FI signal to provide 5G data communication services for indoor areas of the cruise ship, thereby extending the 5G coverage to the indoor areas of the cruise ship in the river, and meeting the needs of tourists for live video streaming and remote video monitoring of the cruise ship for high-bandwidth, low-latency 5G wireless services;

[0047] 2. The cruise ship 5G wireless communication enhancement method of the present invention periodically performs load balancing optimization. Based on the changes in the communication capabilities of the 5G-CPE and the changes in the differentiated service requirements of each WI-FI access point on the ship, dynamic network slicing mapping between the 5G-CPE and AP is realized, which reduces local congestion when WI-FI users access the 5G network and further optimizes the 5G high bandwidth and low latency service experience of WI-FI users on board the ship. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method for enhancing 5G wireless communication on cruise ships assisted by a smart metasurface for transmission and reflection, as described in this invention.

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure (open-air part) of the transmission and reflection intelligent metasurface-assisted cruise ship 5G wireless communication system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in this embodiment of the invention for converting 5G signals into Wi-Fi signals to cover the interior of the ship;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a method for enhancing the 5G signal strength and data transmission rate of a 5G-CPE set on a cruise ship according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the phase shift strategy for determining a smart metasurface based on the location information of a 5G-CPE terminal on a cruise ship, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent metasurface array in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for enabling Wi-Fi users to access 5G services through 5G communication networks via 5G CPE by performing slice mapping between the onboard AP set and the 5G-CPE set in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0055] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the MAX-MAX adaptive scheduling strategy in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the AP and 5G-CPE terminal slice mapping method in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments.

[0059] Example 1:

[0060] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the overall process of the transmission and reflection intelligent metasurface-assisted method for enhancing 5G wireless communication on cruise ships, as provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure (open-air section) of a 5G wireless communication system for cruise ships assisted by a transmissive and reflective intelligent metasurface. Figure 2 (a) The intelligent metasurface is in reflection mode. Figure 2 (b) The intelligent metasurface is in transmission mode. Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of a method for converting 5G signals into Wi-Fi signals to cover the interior of a ship, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Combination Figures 1 to 3A 5G wireless communication enhancement system for cruise ships assisted by a transmissive-reflective smart metasurface includes: a ground-based 5G base station, a transmissive-reflective smart metasurface on the shore or viaduct, a set of 5G-CPE terminals on the ship, a set of APs, Wi-Fi users, a 5G signal enhancement decision controller, and a load balancing decision controller. The 5G-CPE terminal set contains one or more 5G-CPE terminals, and the AP set contains one or more APs. The 5G-CPE terminals are located in exposed areas of the ship's hull and are used to receive 5G signals from the base station and convert the signals from the ship's Wi-Fi users into 5G signals for transmission to the 5G base station. The 5G signal enhancement decision controller determines the wireless communication enhancement based on the base station, the smart metasurface, the ship's location information, and the wireless communication capabilities of the 5G-CPE terminals on the ship. The system dynamically adjusts the transmission and reflection modes of the intelligent metasurface and reconfigures the phase shift of the intelligent metasurface array elements to enhance the received signal of the 5G-CPE terminal on board and the signal sent by the 5G-CPE to the base station based on the UE capability information fed back by the 5G-CPE on board. The base station dynamically adjusts the modulation order based on the UE capability information fed back by the 5G-CPE on board to enhance the data transmission rate of the 5G-CPE on board. The AP is located inside the ship and achieves 5G extended coverage from the outside to the inside of the ship through a wired connection with the 5G-CPE. The load balancing decision controller is located on the ship and adaptively allocates the 5G communication bandwidth of the 5G-CPE terminal set to each AP according to the AP service requirements to meet the diverse 5G access service quality requirements of Wi-Fi users.

[0062] A method for enhancing 5G wireless communication on cruise ships using transmissive and reflective smart metasurfaces includes:

[0063] S1: The 5G signal enhancement decision controller periodically adjusts the working mode of the intelligent metasurface and the phase shift of the array unit according to the location of the cruise ship and the wireless channel quality status of the 5G-CPE terminal set on the cruise ship, thereby enhancing the 5G communication capability of the 5G-CPE terminal set on the cruise ship.

[0064] S2: The load balancing decision controller on the cruise ship periodically performs load balancing optimization. Based on the service load information of the AP set on the ship, it allocates the 5G communication bandwidth of the 5G-CPE terminal set to each AP, so that Wi-Fi users under the coverage of the AP on the ship can access the 5G communication network through the 5G-CPE to obtain high bandwidth and low latency communication services.

[0065] Example 2:

[0066] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for enhancing 5G signal strength and data transmission rate on a cruise ship using a 5G-CPE set, as provided in this embodiment of the invention. Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the method for determining the phase shift of a smart metasurface based on the location information of 5G-CPE terminals on a cruise ship. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of intelligent metasurface units, combined with Figure 1 , Figure 2, Figures 4 to 6 The method shown includes:

[0067] S101: Periodically sense the position of the cruise ship and set the operating mode of the smart metasurface according to the positions of the base station, the smart metasurface, and the ship. Specifically, when the base station and the ship are on the same side of the smart metasurface, set the operating mode of the smart metasurface to reflection mode; otherwise, set the operating mode of the smart metasurface to transmission mode. For example, such as... Figure 2 As shown in (a), the ship has sailed to the same side of the smart metasurface as the base station. At this time, the smart metasurface operates in reflection mode, that is, it enhances the reflection of signals sent from the base station to the 5G-CPE terminal and signals sent from the 5G-CPE to the base station. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the cruise ship and the base station are located on opposite sides of the smart metasurface. At this time, the smart metasurface is set to transmission mode to enhance the 5G signal strength through transmission amplification.

[0068] S102: The time period of the smart metasurface under the same working mode is further divided into several small-scale time periods according to the ship's position. At the beginning of each small-scale time period, the phase shift strategy of the smart metasurface in that time period is determined according to the 5G-CPE terminal position information on the cruise ship. The phase shift of the smart metasurface array unit is set according to the phase shift strategy. For example, the time period during which the ship sails in the reflection mode (i.e., when the ship and the base station are on the same side of the smart metasurface) is divided into 4 segments according to the sailing route. When the ship sails to the beginning of each segment, the phase shift reconfiguration strategy of the smart metasurface is triggered. The channel state is updated by updating the phase shift of the smart metasurface according to the cruise ship's position to improve the 5G signal strength. The method of periodically updating the phase shift of the smart metasurface based on the small-scale time period can not only dynamically reconfigure the phase shift of the smart metasurface according to the cruise ship's position to enhance the 5G signal, but also reduce the additional overhead of calculation, signaling interaction and other factors caused by frequent smart metasurface phase shift updates.

[0069] S103: When a terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal set accesses a new base station or when the base station sends a UE capability query, it sends UE capability information to the base station. The information includes the downlink and uplink data transmission capabilities that the terminal can support.

[0070] S104: The base station dynamically adjusts the modulation order based on the received UE capability information and the uplink and downlink signal strength of the terminal to maximize the uplink and downlink data transmission rates of the 5G-CPE. The data transmission rate is expressed by the formula... Calculate, here, Represents the modulation order, a natural number. Indicates the first Taiwan 5G-CPE terminal, Indicates the number of aggregated carriers. Indicates the number of MIMO layers. Indicates the diffusion factor. Indicates encoding efficiency. This indicates the maximum number of resource blocks under bandwidth BW. Indicates the average OFDM symbol duration. To indicate overhead, for example, when the Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) value received by the base station is in the range of 7-9, the modulation order will be... Set to 4, that is, use 16QAM modulation. , , , (bandwidth MHz), , According to the formula, the maximum transmission rate can be calculated to be approximately 144.5 Mbps.

[0071] In particular, in step 202, the phase shift strategy of the intelligent metasurface is determined based on the location information of the 5G-CPE terminal on the cruise ship during that time period, specifically as follows:

[0072] S102-01: Sensing the channel coefficients of the 5G-CPE terminal set to the base station and the 5G-CPE terminal set reflected / transmitted to the base station via the intelligent metasurface element array at the current moment, respectively tagged as follows: , , ,here, This represents a set of 5G-CPE terminals. It is one of the 5G-CPE terminals. yes matrix, yes The matrix represents the cascaded channel gain from the 5G-CPE terminal to the intelligent metasurface element array and from the intelligent metasurface element array to the base station, where natural numbers... The number of antennas in the base station is represented by N, a natural number that represents the number of smart metasurface units. This is important when the smart metasurface operates in reflection mode. This represents the reflection channel coefficient when the smart metasurface operates in transmission mode. Represents the transmission channel coefficient;

[0073] S102-02: Forming candidate intelligent metasurface phase shift strategies based on the phase shift control range and unit arrangement characteristics of intelligent metasurface units, specifically including: adjusting the phase shift of intelligent metasurface units from... Within a certain range, several values ​​controllable by the intelligent metasurface controller are selected, dividing the intelligent metasurface array elements into a finite number of groups. Elements within each group take the same phase shift value. Groups are then arranged and combined according to their phase shift value ranges to form a set of candidate phase shift strategies for the intelligent metasurface. Each strategy in the set is a... A matrix containing a phase shift value for each element, where the natural number N represents the number of smart metasurface elements. For example, suppose the adjustable phase of each smart metasurface element is... The eight equal parts, that is, 0, , , … Intelligent metasurface arrays are composed of Unit composition, combination Figure 6 The array is further divided into 4 groups, each containing If there are 4 units, then the strategy set has 4 8 Given a strategy, if the phase shifts of groups 1-4 in one of the strategies are 0, , , The candidate phase shift strategy for this intelligent metasurface is (0,…,0, ,…, , ,…, , ,…, );

[0074] S102-03: Select a set of phase-shifting strategies from the candidate smart metasurface phase-shifting strategies, such that the total channel gain obtained by the 5G-CPE terminal set under the phase-shifting strategy is the largest among all strategies. Specifically, the total wireless channel gain of the terminal set under smart metasurface assistance is the sum of the channel gains of each terminal under this phase-shifting strategy. The channel gain of a single terminal is the sum of the smart metasurface array transmission / reflection signal gains obtained by that terminal, or the sum of the smart metasurface array transmission / reflection signal gains and the signal gain of the direct link. When the direct link signal quality of a single terminal is not lower than the minimum threshold required for communication, the channel gain of that terminal is the sum of the smart metasurface array transmission / reflection signal gains obtained by that terminal and the signal gain of the direct link. When the direct link signal quality of that terminal is lower than the minimum threshold required for communication, the channel gain of the terminal is the sum of the smart metasurface array transmission / reflection signal gains obtained by that terminal. That is, the phase-shifting strategy... satisfy here, Represents the maximum value function. This represents the phase shift vector of the intelligent metasurface. The transpose matrix is ​​represented by the formula for the sum of signal gains. Calculate, where, Indicates the first Wireless channel gain of a 5G-CPE terminal with the assistance of a smart metasurface Representing complex numbers The Euclidean norm, It is a binary variable, when hour ,otherwise ,here, It is the minimum threshold for communication via a direct link, complex number. Denotes the vector of the intelligent metasurface reflection / transmission array, where the complex number Indicates the first The reflection / transmission coefficient of each unit, This is the amplitude amplification factor; take the maximum value. It is the reflection / transmission phase shift of this unit.

[0075] Example 3:

[0076] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for enabling Wi-Fi users to access 5G services through 5G communication networks via 5G CPE by performing slice mapping between a set of onboard APs and a set of 5G-CPEs, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 This is the flowchart of the MAX-MAX adaptive scheduling strategy. Figure 9 This is a flowchart of the AP and 5G-CPE terminal slice mapping method, combined with... Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figures 7 to 9 The method shown above uses slice mapping between the onboard AP set and the 5G-CPE set to enable Wi-Fi users to access the 5G communication network and obtain 5G services through the 5G-CPE, including:

[0077] S201: The load balancing decision controller on the cruise ship obtains the maximum data transmission rate of each terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal set and uses it as the 5G communication bandwidth of that terminal.

[0078] S202: The load balancing decision controller estimates the data transmission rate required by each AP in the AP set based on the moving average, wherein the data transmission rate required by an AP is the sum of the data transmission rates required by all Wi-Fi users connected to that AP;

[0079] S203: The load balancing decision controller allocates the 5G communication bandwidth of each terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal set to each AP based on the MAX-MAX adaptive scheduling strategy. Among them, one AP can be mapped to more than one 5G-CPE terminal, and one 5G-CPE terminal can be connected to more than one AP through slicing technology.

[0080] The MAX-MAX adaptive scheduling strategy is as follows:

[0081] S203-01: Determine whether the sum of the 5G communication bandwidths of the 5G-CPE terminal set is lower than the sum of the data transmission rates required by the AP set: if yes, proceed to S203-02; if no, skip to S203-03.

[0082] S203-02: Update the AP data transmission rate requirement according to the 5G communication bandwidth capability to match it. Specifically, set the service coefficient to the ratio of the sum of the 5G communication bandwidth to the sum of the data transmission rates required by the AP set. Update the data transmission rate requirement of each AP to the product of the original data transmission rate requirement and the service coefficient, minus a random number. That is, the updated data transmission rate requirement of AP i is... ,in, Indicates the business coefficient. It is the sum of the 5G communication bandwidth of the 5G-CPE terminal set. It is the sum of the data transfer rates required by the original set of APs. It is a random positive number;

[0083] S203-03: Arrange the APs in the AP set in descending order according to the data transmission rate required by each AP to obtain an AP sequence based on service requirements;

[0084] S203-04: Perform slice mapping between AP and 5G-CPE terminals, specifically:

[0085] S203-04-01: Set the AP-5GCPE slice mapping queue to empty;

[0086] S203-04-02: Determine if the AP sequence is empty: if yes, jump to S203-04-08; if no, go to S203-04-03.

[0087] S203-04-03: Extract the AP sequence header AP, obtain the data transmission rate required by the AP, and use it as the communication bandwidth to be allocated to it;

[0088] S203-04-04: Arrange the terminals in the 5G-CPE terminal set in descending order according to the 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the terminals to obtain a 5G terminal sequence based on the currently available communication capabilities;

[0089] S203-04-05: Determine whether the currently available 5G communication bandwidth of the first terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal sequence is not less than the communication bandwidth to be allocated by the AP: Yes, proceed to S203-04-06; No, skip to S203-04-07;

[0090] S203-04-06: A network slice is formed between the 5G-CPE terminal and the AP. The 5G slice bandwidth allocated to the AP by the terminal is set to the data transmission rate required by the AP. The slice mapping information between the AP and the 5G-CPE terminal is put into the AP-5G CPE slice mapping queue. The AP is removed from the AP sequence. The available 5G communication bandwidth of the terminal is updated to the difference between the original available communication bandwidth and the slice bandwidth allocated to the AP. Return to S203-04-02.

[0091] S203-04-07: A network slice is formed between the 5G-CPE terminal and the AP. The 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the terminal is allocated to the AP. The slice mapping information between the 5G-CPE terminal and the AP is put into the AP-5G CPE slice mapping queue. The communication bandwidth to be allocated to the AP is set to the difference between the original communication bandwidth to be allocated and the 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the terminal. The available 5G communication bandwidth of the terminal is set to 0. The terminal is removed from the 5G terminal sequence. Return to S203-04-04.

[0092] S203-04-08: Returns AP-5GCPE slice mapping queue information; this process ends.

[0093] The above specific embodiments are merely explanations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to these embodiments without contributing any inventive step, but as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by patent law.

Claims

1. A method for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships assisted by intelligent metasurfaces for transmission and reflection, characterized by: The method is as follows: The S1 5G signal enhancement decision controller periodically adjusts the working mode of the intelligent metasurface and the phase shift of the array unit based on the cruise ship's location and the wireless channel quality status of the 5G-CPE terminal set on the cruise ship, thereby enhancing the 5G communication capability of the 5G-CPE terminal set on the cruise ship. S2. The load balancing decision controller on the cruise ship periodically performs load balancing optimization and allocates the 5G communication bandwidth of the 5G-CPE terminal set to each AP according to the service load information of the AP set on the ship, so that Wi-Fi users under the coverage of the AP on the ship can access the 5G communication network through the 5G-CPE to obtain high bandwidth and low latency communication services.

2. The method for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships assisted by a smart metasurface for transmission and reflection as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of S1 are as follows: S101. Periodically sense the position of the cruise ship and set the working mode of the smart metasurface according to the positions of the base station, the smart metasurface, and the ship. Specifically, when the base station and the ship are on the same side of the smart metasurface, set the working mode of the smart metasurface to reflection mode; otherwise, set the working mode of the smart metasurface to transmission mode. S102. The time period of the smart metasurface under the same working mode is further divided into several small-scale time periods according to the ship's position. At the beginning of each small-scale time period, the phase shift strategy of the smart metasurface in that time period is determined according to the 5G-CPE terminal position information on the cruise ship, and the phase shift of the smart metasurface array unit is set according to the phase shift strategy. S103. When a terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal set accesses a new base station or the base station sends a UE capability query, the terminal sends UE capability information to the base station. The UE capability information includes the downlink and uplink data transmission capabilities that the terminal can support. S104. The base station dynamically adjusts the modulation order based on the received UE capability information and the uplink and downlink signal strength of the terminal, so that the 5G-CPE obtains the maximum uplink and downlink data transmission rate. The data transmission rate is expressed by the formula... Calculate, here, Represents the modulation order, a natural number. Indicates the first Taiwan 5G-CPE terminal, Indicates the number of aggregated carriers. Indicates the number of MIMO layers. Indicates the diffusion factor. Indicates encoding efficiency. This indicates the maximum number of resource blocks under bandwidth BW. Indicates the average OFDM symbol duration. Indicates expense.

3. The method for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships assisted by a smart metasurface for transmission and reflection as described in claim 2, characterized in that: wherein, In step S102, the phase shift strategy of the smart metasurface during the specified time period is determined based on the location information of the 5G-CPE terminal on the cruise ship. Specifically: S102-01, the channel coefficients of the 5G-CPE terminal set to the base station and the 5G-CPE terminal set reflected / transmitted to the base station via the intelligent metasurface unit array at the current moment are respectively tagged as follows: , , ,here, This refers to the set of 5G-CPE terminals. It is one of the 5G-CPE terminals. yes matrix, yes The matrix represents the cascaded channel gain from the 5G-CPE terminal to the intelligent metasurface element array and from the intelligent metasurface element array to the base station, where natural numbers... The number of antennas in the base station is represented by N, a natural number that represents the number of smart metasurface units. When the smart metasurface operates in reflection mode, This represents the reflection channel coefficient when the smart metasurface operates in transmission mode. Represents the transmission channel coefficient; S102-02: A phase shift strategy for candidate smart metasurfaces is formed based on the phase shift control range and unit arrangement characteristics of smart metasurface units. Specifically, this involves adjusting the phase shift of the smart metasurface units from... Within a certain range, several values ​​controllable by the intelligent metasurface controller are selected, dividing the intelligent metasurface array units into a finite number of groups. Units within each group take the same phase shift value. Groups are then arranged and combined according to their phase shift value ranges to form a set of candidate phase shift strategies for the intelligent metasurface. Each strategy in this set is a... A matrix containing a phase shift value for each element, where the natural number N represents the number of smart metasurface elements. For example, suppose the adjustable phase of each smart metasurface element is... The eight equal parts, that is, 0, , , … Intelligent metasurface arrays are composed of The array is further divided into four groups, as shown in Figure 6, with each group containing... If there are 4 units, then the strategy set has 4 8 Given a strategy, if the phase shifts of groups 1-4 in one of the strategies are 0, , , The candidate phase shift strategy for this intelligent metasurface is (0,…,0, ,…, , ,…, , ,…, ); S102-03. Select a set of phase-shifting strategies from the candidate smart metasurface phase-shifting strategies, such that the total channel gain obtained by the 5G-CPE terminal set under the phase-shifting strategies is the largest among the total channel gains of all strategies. Specifically, the total wireless channel gain of the terminal set under smart metasurface assistance is the sum of the channel gains of each terminal under the phase-shifting strategy. The channel gain of a single terminal is the sum of the transmission / reflection signal gains of the smart metasurface array obtained by that terminal, or the sum of the transmission / reflection signal gains of the smart metasurface array and the signal gain of the direct link. When the signal quality of the direct link of a single terminal is not lower than the minimum threshold required for communication, the channel gain of that terminal is the sum of the transmission / reflection signal gains of the smart metasurface array obtained by that terminal and the signal gain of the direct link. When the signal quality of the direct link of that terminal is lower than the minimum threshold required for communication, the channel gain of that terminal is the sum of the transmission / reflection signal gains of the smart metasurface array obtained by that terminal. That is, the phase-shifting strategy... satisfy here, Represents the maximum value function. This represents the phase shift vector of the intelligent metasurface. The transpose matrix is ​​represented by the formula for the sum of signal gains. Calculate, where, Indicates the first Wireless channel gain of a 5G-CPE terminal with the assistance of a smart metasurface Representing complex numbers The Euclidean norm, It is a binary variable, when hour ,otherwise ,here, It is the minimum threshold for communication via a direct link, complex number. Let represent the vector of the intelligent metasurface reflection / transmission array, where the complex number represents the vector of the intelligent metasurface reflection / transmission array. Indicates the first The reflection / transmission coefficient of each unit, This is the amplitude amplification factor; take the maximum value. It is the reflection / transmission phase shift of this unit.

4. The method for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships assisted by a smart metasurface for transmission and reflection as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of S2 are as follows: S201. The load balancing decision controller on the cruise ship obtains the maximum data transmission rate of each terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal set and uses it as the 5G communication bandwidth of that terminal. S202, The load balancing decision controller estimates the data transmission rate required by each AP in the AP set based on a moving average, wherein the data transmission rate required by each AP is the sum of the data transmission rates required by all Wi-Fi users connected to that AP; S203. The load balancing decision controller allocates the 5G communication bandwidth of each terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal set to each AP based on the MAX-MAX adaptive scheduling strategy. Among them, one AP can be mapped to more than one 5G-CPE terminal, and one 5G-CPE terminal can be connected to more than one AP through slicing technology.

5. The method for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships assisted by a smart metasurface for transmission and reflection as described in claim 4, characterized in that: In S203, the specific steps of the MAX-MAX adaptive scheduling strategy are as follows: S203-01. Determine whether the sum of the 5G communication bandwidths of the 5G-CPE terminal set is lower than the sum of the data transmission rates required by the AP set: if yes, proceed to S203-02; if no, skip to S203-03. S203-02. Update the AP data transmission rate requirement according to the 5G communication bandwidth capability to match it with the 5G communication capability. Specifically, set the service coefficient to the ratio of the sum of the 5G communication bandwidths to the sum of the data transmission rates required by the AP set. Update the data transmission rate requirement of each AP to the product of the original data transmission rate requirement and the service coefficient minus a random number. That is, the updated data transmission rate requirement of AP i is... ,in, Indicates the business coefficient. It is the sum of the 5G communication bandwidth of the 5G-CPE terminal set. It is the sum of the data transfer rates required by the original set of APs. It is a random positive number; S203-03. Arrange the APs in the AP set in descending order according to the data transmission rate required by the APs to obtain the AP sequence based on service requirements; S203-04. Perform slice mapping between AP and 5G-CPE terminal.

6. The method for enhancing 5G communication on cruise ships assisted by a smart metasurface for transmission and reflection as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of S203-04 are as follows: S203-04-01. Set the AP-5GCPE slice mapping queue to empty; S203-04-02, Determine if the AP sequence is empty: if yes, jump to S203-04-08; if no, go to S203-04-03. S203-04-03. Extract the AP sequence header AP and obtain the data transmission rate required by the AP, which is used as its current communication bandwidth to be allocated. S203-04-04: Arrange the terminals in the 5G-CPE terminal set in descending order according to the 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the terminals to obtain a 5G terminal sequence based on the currently available communication capabilities. S203-04-05. Determine whether the 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the first terminal in the 5G-CPE terminal sequence is not lower than the communication bandwidth to be allocated by the AP: if yes, proceed to S203-04-06; if no, jump to S203-04-07. S203-04-06: A network slice is formed between the 5G-CPE terminal and the AP. The 5G slice bandwidth allocated to the AP by the terminal is set to the data transmission rate required by the AP. The slice mapping information between the AP and the 5G-CPE terminal is put into the AP-5G CPE slice mapping queue. The AP is removed from the AP sequence. The available 5G communication bandwidth of the terminal is updated to the difference between the original available communication bandwidth and the slice bandwidth allocated to the AP. Return to S203-04-02. S203-04-07. A network slice is formed between the 5G-CPE terminal and the AP. The 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the terminal is allocated to the AP. The slice mapping information between the 5G-CPE terminal and the AP is put into the AP-5G CPE slice mapping queue. The communication bandwidth to be allocated to the AP is set to the difference between the original communication bandwidth to be allocated and the 5G communication bandwidth currently available to the terminal. The available 5G communication bandwidth of the terminal is set to 0. The terminal is removed from the 5G terminal sequence. Return to S203-04-04. S203-04-08, Returns AP-5GCPE slice mapping queue information, this process ends.

7. The transmissive and reflective intelligent metasurface-assisted cruise ship 5G communication enhancement system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes a ground-based 5G base station, a transmissive and reflective smart metasurface on the shore or overpass, a 5G-CPE terminal set on a ship, an AP set, Wi-Fi users, a 5G signal enhancement decision controller, and a load balancing decision controller. The 5G-CPE terminal set includes one or more 5G-CPE terminals, and the AP set includes one or more APs; the 5G-CPE terminal is used to receive 5G signals sent by the base station and signals from Wi-Fi users on the ship, and convert them into 5G signals to send to the 5G base station. The 5G signal enhancement decision controller dynamically adjusts the transmission and reflection modes of the smart metasurface and reconfigures the phase shift of the smart metasurface array units based on the location information of the base station, smart metasurface, ship, and the wireless channel quality status of the 5G-CPE terminal on board, thereby enhancing the received signal of the 5G-CPE terminal on board and the signal sent by the 5G-CPE to the base station. The ground-based 5G base station dynamically adjusts the modulation order based on the UE capability information fed back by the shipboard 5G-CPE to enhance the data transmission rate of the shipboard 5G-CPE. The access points (APs) are located inside the ship and are connected to a 5G-CPE via wired connections, enabling extended 5G coverage from the outside of the ship to the inside. The load balancing decision controller is located on the ship and adaptively allocates the 5G communication bandwidth of the 5G-CPE terminal set to each AP according to the AP service requirements, so as to meet the diverse 5G access service quality requirements of Wi-Fi users.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, When the executable instructions are executed by the processor, they implement the method for enhancing 5G wireless communication on cruise ships assisted by a transmissive and reflective smart metasurface as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

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