Gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking

Abstract

The invention provides a gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking. The gas-liquid separation device comprises an outer cavity and a rotating mechanism, the outer cavity comprises an inlet cavity and a liquid bearing cavity; a separation cavity, a bubble breaking element and a transmission shaft are sequentially and coaxially arranged in the liquid bearing cavity from top to bottom, the transmission shaft is fixed below the bubble breaking element and is in transmission connection with the rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism drives the bubble breaking element and the separation cavity to rotate synchronously; the top end of the exhaust pipe extends out of the upper end surface of the inlet cavity and exhausts air outwards. According to the invention, a variable super-gravity field is provided, a centrifugal field is dynamically enhanced, bubble breaking and separation processes are coupled, strong breaking of large bubbles and micro bubbles is realized through shear flow-turbulent flow driving, deep separation of membrane liquid drops is enhanced by using a gas-liquid density difference effect, and a high-precision bubble breaking effect is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas-liquid separation technology, and in particular to a gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking. Background Technology

[0002] In gas-liquid separation, the presence of bubbles significantly increases the complexity and difficulty of the separation process. Bubbles increase the apparent viscosity of the fluid, making the flow more complex and increasing flow resistance, thereby reducing separation efficiency. Their distribution and movement interfere with fluid flow characteristics, leading to uneven flow velocity and eddy currents, making the fluid flow within the separation equipment unstable. Furthermore, bubbles occupy effective separation space, especially microbubbles, which, due to their small size and large specific surface area, easily aggregate and hinder liquid flow, further affecting the separation effect. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop more efficient gas-liquid separation technologies to effectively address the numerous challenges posed by bubbles and improve separation efficiency and equipment performance. For example, in the oil-gas separation process of carbon dioxide gas-driven enhanced oil recovery, dissolved CO2 in crude oil easily precipitates when the pressure decreases, forming oil-encapsulated microbubbles with high viscosity under the action of surfactants such as asphaltenes. Given the large diffusion resistance and strong interfacial stability of these microbubbles, existing traditional cyclone separation techniques are unable to effectively break up the microbubbles, resulting in low oil-gas separation efficiency, with crude oil recovery rates typically hovering between 60% and 70%. Based on this technological background, the development of gas-liquid separation enhancement technology that integrates crude oil defoaming function is of great strategic significance and practical application value for significantly improving crude oil recovery rate and optimizing the utilization efficiency of energy resources.

[0003] To address the defoaming challenge, current mainstream technologies typically employ internal components such as wire mesh packing or corrugated plates within the hydrocyclone to enhance the mechanical filtration effect and inertial impact force on the bubbles. However, this method is significantly limited in its breakup efficiency when dealing with oil-encapsulated microbubbles exhibiting high viscosity. To effectively improve the swirling effect, optimizing the turbulent interface pulsation intensity and enhancing the shear stress in localized areas can significantly promote the turbulent breakup and shear breakup mechanisms of microbubbles, thereby accelerating the loss of the liquid film on the bubble surface. Among numerous emerging technologies, hypergravity technology, with its unique dynamic swirling enhancement mechanism and the high-intensity shear field formed by high-speed rotating components, offers an innovative and highly promising solution for the efficient breakup of oil-encapsulated microbubbles, demonstrating broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: in order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking, which provides a variable hypergravity field to dynamically enhance the centrifugal field, couples the bubble breaking and separation process, realizes the strong breaking of large bubbles and microbubbles through shear flow-turbulence drive, and enhances the deep separation of membrane droplets by utilizing the gas-liquid density difference effect, thereby achieving a high-precision bubble breaking effect.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking, comprising an outer cavity and a rotating mechanism; the outer cavity includes an inlet cavity and a liquid receiving cavity; the inlet cavity is coaxially arranged at the upper end of the liquid receiving cavity and has a feed inlet; the liquid receiving cavity is coaxially arranged from top to bottom with a separation cavity, a bubble breaking element, and a drive shaft, the top of the separation cavity penetrates the liquid receiving cavity and extends into the inlet cavity, the lower end of the separation cavity is fixed to the bubble breaking element, the drive shaft is fixed below the bubble breaking element and is connected to the rotating mechanism for transmission, the rotating mechanism drives the bubble breaking element and the separation cavity to rotate synchronously; an exhaust pipe is coaxially nested in the separation cavity, a gap is left between the separation cavity and the exhaust pipe, and the top end of the exhaust pipe extends outward from the upper end of the inlet cavity to exhaust gas.

[0006] In the above scheme, the rotation mechanism drives the transmission shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the separation chamber and the bubble-breaking element to rotate. This can create a gravity field or even a supergravity field in the liquid receiving chamber, which can effectively and dynamically enhance the centrifugal field and improve the gas-liquid separation efficiency.

[0007] Furthermore, the inlet cavity is a volute structure with a spiral flow channel. Through the tapering geometry of the volute, a contraction effect can be generated on the fluid entering the inlet cavity. When the gas-liquid two-phase and bubble mixture flows within the volute structure, its flow velocity gradually increases, forming a swirling flow accompanied by centrifugal acceleration.

[0008] Furthermore, the separation chamber comprises a cylindrical section, a conical section, and a cylindrical section from top to bottom. The large-diameter end of the conical section is connected to the cylindrical section, and the small-diameter end is connected to the cylindrical section. The lower end face of the cylindrical section is fixed to the upper end face of the bubble-breaking element. When the separation chamber is driven to rotate at high speed, a gravitational field or even a hypergravity field is generated, forming a dynamic enhancement of the conventional centrifugal field. Under the action of hypergravity, due to the density difference between the gas and liquid phases, the droplets gradually detach from the airflow and are thrown towards the chamber wall. The low-pressure effect of the conical section causes the airflow to move upward along the central axis and eventually be discharged through the exhaust pipe. Under the action of hypergravity, bubbles are easily induced to break up turbulently and shear instability. However, due to the short separation time, this effect mainly targets large bubbles, and some microbubbles may escape with the liquid flow.

[0009] Furthermore, the device includes a support and a support frame for the support, with the liquid-receiving cavity disposed on the support. The rotating mechanism is disposed below the support and includes a motor, a coupling, and a mechanical seal. The output end of the motor is connected to one end of the coupling, and the drive shaft extends from the bottom surface of the liquid-receiving cavity and is connected to the other end of the coupling. The drive shaft and the bottom surface of the liquid-receiving cavity are sealed and rotatedly engaged by the mechanical seal. The design of the support and support frame provides mounting and support components for the outer cavity and the rotating mechanism.

[0010] Furthermore, a drain pipe extends from the bottom of the liquid-receiving cavity, and a valve is installed on the drain pipe. The separated liquid is discharged through the drain pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the bubble-breaking element is an impeller-type bubble-breaking element, which includes a liquid collecting plate, a top cover plate, an outer peripheral wall, and several ribs. The liquid collecting plate, top cover plate, and outer peripheral wall are all coaxially arranged with the liquid receiving cavity. The lower end of the outer peripheral wall is fixed to the outer periphery of the upper surface of the liquid collecting plate, and the upper end is fixed to the outer periphery of the lower surface of the top cover plate. The ribs are fixed to the upper surface of the liquid collecting plate and located inside the outer peripheral wall. The top cover plate has a flow port at its center that communicates with the lower end of the separation cavity. Several micropores are spaced apart on the outer peripheral wall. After separation, the droplets and microbubbles accumulate on the wall of the separation cavity and slide down the conical section to the bubble-breaking element. Under the dual enhancement of the centrifugal induction effect of the guide impeller and the external field hypergravity, the escaped microbubbles enter the narrow flow channel. Here, the microbubbles are sheared again and induced to break up. Finally, the broken liquid film flows out from the outlet of the bubble-breaking element, i.e., the micropores. The micropores can further enhance the overall bubble-breaking capacity and are used to further break up the escaped microbubbles. The gas, after being broken by the bubble-breaking element, is discharged from the micropores and enters the liquid-receiving chamber. After flowing into the oral cavity, it converges with the airflow in the oral cavity and is then discharged.

[0012] Furthermore, several ribs are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the liquid-receiving cavity, and the inclination angle θ of the ribs relative to the wall of the liquid-receiving cavity is 0 to 30°.

[0013] Preferably, the bubble-breaking element is a lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element, which is a rotating structure. This rotating structure includes a liquid-receiving plate and a curved outer shell fixed to the upper surface of the liquid-receiving plate. The liquid-receiving plate has several micropores, and the curved outer shell has a flow outlet at its top center, which communicates with the lower end of the separation chamber. Within the rotating structure, corresponding to the space formed by the curved outer shell and the liquid-receiving plate, N layers of axial diversion ribs are arranged from top to bottom, where N ≥ 3. M circumferential diversion ribs are connected between the flow outlet and the liquid-receiving plate, where M ≥ 3. The circumferential diversion ribs are distributed around the axis of the liquid-receiving chamber, and the axial and circumferential diversion ribs together form a flow channel. The lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element uses the axial and circumferential diversion ribs to separate and divert the swirling flow in the circumferential direction. After diversion, the microbubble distribution is more uniform, reducing the aggregation of escaped microbubbles and thus increasing the probability of microbubble breakage.

[0014] Furthermore, the micropores are arranged in concentric rings radiating outwards from the center of the liquid-receiving plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the micropores on the same concentric ring are distributed at equal angular intervals.

[0016] The beneficial effect of this invention is that it provides a gas-liquid separation device based on step-by-step defoaming: 1. By using an electric motor to provide a variable hypergravity field for the device, the hypergravity field is dynamically enhanced, significantly improving the gas-liquid separation efficiency and achieving dynamic enhancement of the conventional centrifugal field.

[0017] 2. In the coupled bubble breaking and separation process, supergravity technology is used to couple the bubble breaking and separation processes. Through the shear flow-turbulence driving mechanism, efficient breaking of large and micro bubbles is achieved, and the gas-liquid density difference effect is used to enhance the deep separation of membrane droplets, thereby synergistically improving the liquid bubble breaking rate and gas-liquid separation efficiency.

[0018] 3. The cylindrical section and the cylindrical section of the inlet cavity adopt a non-contact design. The annular gap between the two creates a stable gas flow field, which makes the gas-liquid flow field stable when the cylindrical section rotates at high speed. This not only enhances the dynamic stability of the fluid and the overall separation efficiency, but also reduces the risk of wear by avoiding direct friction between mechanical parts, while providing a necessary channel for gas return.

[0019] 4. The separation chamber and the bubble-breaking element work together to break bubbles in a stepped manner. The separation chamber uses a supergravity field to initially break up large bubbles. Subsequently, most of the escaped microbubbles undergo supergravity breaking within the confined flow channel of the bubble-breaking element. The remaining small portion of microbubbles are then broken up in a stepped manner through micropore extrusion, ensuring efficient processing of bubbles across the entire size range. The gas after bubble breaking flows out through the gap between the separation chamber and the inlet cavity, separating from the liquid and greatly improving the degree of gas-liquid separation. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an overall gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the separation chamber and the outer cavity of a gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller-type bubble-breaking element (only half of the top cover is shown in order to show its internal structure).

[0024] Figure 4 This is a top view of an impeller-type bubble-breaking element (only half of the top surface is shown in order to show its internal structure).

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a bottom view of a lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element.

[0027] Figure 7 This is a partial cross-sectional view of a lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Outer cavity; 2. Bearing; 3. Bubble-breaking element; 4. Valve; 5. Drain pipe; 6. Motor; 7. Fixing frame; 8. Separation chamber; 9. Support; 10. Mechanical seal; 11. Drive shaft; 12. Coupling; 13. Support frame; 14. Feed inlet; 15. Exhaust pipe; 16. Inlet cavity; 17. Columnar section; 18. Cylindrical section; 19. Conical section; 20. Top cover; 21. Micropore; 22. Flow port; 23. Rib; 24. Liquid collection surface; 25. Circumferential diversion rib; 26. Axial diversion rib; 27. Flow channel; 28. Liquid receiving surface; 29. ​​Liquid receiving cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, they only show the components relevant to the invention, and the orientations and references (e.g., up, down, left, right, etc.) are only used to aid in the description of the features in the drawings. Therefore, the following specific embodiments are not intended to be limiting, and the scope of the claimed subject matter is defined solely by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0030] Example 1: like Figures 1 to 4 The gas-liquid separation device based on stepped defoaming shown is an embodiment of this application.

[0031] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the gas-liquid separation device includes a support structure, an outer cavity 1, and a rotating mechanism. The support structure includes a support 9 and a support frame 13 that supports the support 9. The outer cavity 1 is mounted on the support 9, and the rotating mechanism is located below the support 9.

[0032] The outer cavity 1 consists of three parts: an inlet cavity 16, a liquid-receiving cavity 29, and an exhaust pipe 15. Within the liquid-receiving cavity 29, a separation chamber 8, a bubble-breaking element, and a drive shaft 11 are coaxially arranged from top to bottom. The top of the separation chamber 8 penetrates the liquid-receiving cavity 29 and extends into the inlet cavity 16. The lower end of the separation chamber 8 is fixed to the bubble-breaking element. The inner ring of the bearing 2 is connected to the separation chamber 8, and the outer ring is connected to the outer cavity 1. The drive shaft 11 is fixed below the bubble-breaking element and is connected to a rotating mechanism, which drives the bubble-breaking element and the separation chamber 8 to rotate synchronously.

[0033] The rotating mechanism includes a motor 6, a coupling 12, and a mechanical seal 10. The output end of the motor 6 is connected to one end of the coupling 12 for transmission. A drive shaft 11 extends from the bottom surface of the liquid-receiving chamber 29 and is connected to the other end of the coupling 12 for transmission. The drive shaft 11 and the bottom surface of the liquid-receiving chamber 29 are sealed and rotated together by the mechanical seal 10. A drain pipe 5 is connected to the bottom surface of the liquid-receiving chamber 29, and a valve 4 is provided on the drain pipe 5. The separated liquid is discharged through the drain pipe 5.

[0034] The separation chamber 8 consists of three sections from top to bottom: a cylindrical section 18, a conical section 19, and a cylindrical section 17. The large-diameter end of the conical section 19 is connected to the cylindrical section 18, and the small-diameter end is connected to the cylindrical section 17. The lower end face of the cylindrical section 17 is fixed to the upper end face of the bubble-breaking element. An exhaust pipe 15 is coaxially nested inside the separation chamber 8, with a gap between the separation chamber 8 and the exhaust pipe 15. The top end of the exhaust pipe 15 extends outward from the upper end face of the inlet cavity 16 to exhaust air.

[0035] The inlet chamber 16 is coaxially positioned at the upper end of the liquid receiving chamber 29 and has a feed inlet 14. In this embodiment, the inlet chamber 16 is selected as a volute structure with a spiral flow channel. This structure generates a contraction effect on the fluid through its tapered geometry. When the gas-liquid two-phase and bubble mixture flows in the volute structure, its flow velocity gradually increases, forming a swirling flow accompanied by centrifugal acceleration. The separation chamber 8 is driven by the motor 6 to rotate at high speed, generating a hypergravity field, which dynamically strengthens the conventional centrifugal field. Under the action of hypergravity, due to the density difference between the gas and liquid phases, the droplets gradually detach from the airflow and are thrown towards the chamber wall. The low-pressure effect of the cone section 19 causes the airflow to move upward along the central axis and finally be discharged through the exhaust pipe 15. Bubbles are prone to shear instability and breakage under the action of hypergravity, but due to the short separation time, this effect mainly targets large bubbles, and some microbubbles may escape with the liquid flow.

[0036] In actual assembly and connection, there is a gap between the cylindrical section of the inlet cavity 16 and the cylindrical section 18 of the separation cavity 8, with a gap diameter of about 2 to 5 millimeters. The upper end of the cylindrical section 18 extends into the interior of the inlet cavity 16, forming a coaxial nested structure.

[0037] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the bubble-breaking element is selected as an impeller-type bubble-breaking element. This impeller-type bubble-breaking element includes a collection plate 24, an upper cover plate 20, an outer peripheral wall, and at least three ribs 33. The number of impeller-type bubble-breaking elements can be increased according to the required processing volume, and they are installed axially along the column section, thereby forming a continuous and efficient flow channel between the elements.

[0038] Specifically, the collecting plate 24, the upper cover plate 20, and the outer peripheral wall are all coaxially arranged with the liquid receiving cavity 29. The lower end of the outer peripheral wall is fixed to the outer periphery of the upper end face of the collecting plate 24, and the upper end is fixed to the outer periphery of the lower end face of the upper cover plate 20. The ribs 23 are fixed to the upper end face of the collecting plate 24 and located inside the outer peripheral wall. The upper cover plate 20 has a flow port at its center that communicates with the lower end of the separation cavity 8, and several micro-holes are spaced apart on the outer peripheral wall. The ribs 23 are vertically and circumferentially welded to the collecting plate 24 at the bottom end. They are 1-3 mm thick and can be leaf-shaped, sheet-shaped, or ring-shaped. They are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the liquid receiving cavity, and the inclination angle θ of the ribs relative to the wall of the liquid receiving cavity is 0-30°. The ribs can be distributed in the above-mentioned regular pattern or irregularly in the circumferential direction.

[0039] After the separated droplets accumulate on the wall of the separation chamber and slide down the conical section 19 to the bubble-breaking element 3, the escaped microbubbles enter the narrow flow channel under the dual enhancement of centrifugal induction by the impeller-type bubble-breaking element and the external field of hypergravity. Here, the microbubbles are sheared again and induced to break up. Finally, the broken liquid film flows out from the outlet of the bubble-breaking element 3. The outlet of the bubble-breaking element 3 is provided with micropores 21 to enhance the overall bubble-breaking capacity and to further break up the escaped microbubbles. The gas broken by the bubble-breaking element 3 is discharged from the micropores 21 and enters the liquid receiving chamber 29. Then, it flows into the inlet chamber 16 through the gap between the inlet chamber 16 and the cylindrical section 18 of the separation chamber 8, where it converges with the airflow in the inlet chamber 16 and is discharged.

[0040] The working principle of the above-mentioned gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking is as follows: After the gas-liquid two-phase mixture and the bubble mixture enter through the feed inlet, they undergo centrifugal acceleration due to the contraction of the volute structure at the inlet cavity. Further, when the mixture enters the separation chamber 8, the separation chamber 8 is driven by the motor 6 to rotate at high speed, creating a hypergravity field that can be tens or even hundreds of times stronger than a normal gravity field, representing a dynamic enhancement technology for conventional centrifugal fields. Under hypergravity, due to the density difference between the gas and liquid phases, droplets gradually detach from the airflow and are thrown towards the wall. The airflow moves upward along the central axis due to the low-pressure effect of the cone section 19, eventually exiting the equipment through the exhaust pipe 15. Bubbles, however, are easily induced to break up turbulently and shear instability due to hypergravity. But because the separation time is short, this breakup is only effective for large bubbles; some microbubbles will still escape with the liquid flow. After the separated droplets accumulate on the wall of the separation chamber 8 and slide down the conical section 19 to the bubble-breaking element, under the dual enhancement of centrifugal force from the impeller-type bubble-breaking element and external hypergravity, the escaped microbubbles are sheared again in the narrow flow channel, inducing instability and breakup. Finally, the broken liquid film flows out from the outlet of the bubble-breaking element. During this process, the outlet of the bubble-breaking element is provided with micropores 21, which can be further used for the breakup of escaped microbubbles. The gas broken by the bubble-breaking element is discharged from the micropores 21 and enters the liquid receiving chamber 29. Then, it flows into the inlet chamber 16 through the gap between the inlet chamber 16 and the cylindrical section 18 of the separation chamber 8, where it converges with the airflow in the inlet chamber 16 and is discharged. The device uses hypergravity technology to couple the bubble breaking and separation process. It achieves strong breakup of large bubbles and microbubbles through shear flow-turbulence drive and enhances the deep separation of membrane droplets by utilizing the gas-liquid density difference effect, ultimately achieving a synergistic improvement in liquid bubble breaking rate and gas-liquid separation performance.

[0041] Example 2: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking shown is Embodiment Two of this application. Embodiment Two differs from Embodiment One in that a lotus-shaped bubble breaking element is selected.

[0042] like Figure 5 , 7 As shown, the lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element is a rotating structure, which includes a liquid-receiving plate 28 and a curved outer shell fixed to the upper surface of the liquid-receiving plate 28. A liquid outlet 22 is opened at the center of the top of the curved outer shell, and the liquid outlet 22 is connected to the lower end of the separation chamber 8.

[0043] Micropores 21 are distributed on the liquid receiving plate 28. The micropores 21 are radially distributed outward from the center of the liquid receiving plate 28, forming several concentric rings. The number of micropores 21 on each ring is the same. The micropores 21 on the same ring can be distributed at equal angles or non-uniformly. The shape of the micropores 21 can be designed into various geometric shapes, such as circular, elliptical or irregular. Within the space formed by the curved outer shell and the liquid receiving plate 28 in the rotating structure, N layers of axial diversion ribs 26 are provided from top to bottom, where N≥3; M circumferential diversion ribs 25 are connected between the liquid outlet 22 and the liquid receiving plate 28, where M≥3. The circumferential diversion ribs 25 are distributed around the axis of the liquid receiving cavity 29, and the axial diversion ribs 26 and the circumferential diversion ribs 25 intersect to form a flow channel 27.

[0044] Circumferential diverting ribs 25 are evenly distributed around the central channel, dividing the swirling flow into multiple diverters in the circumferential direction. The outermost layer of the element is a curved shell, and the interior is composed of multiple layers of axial diverting ribs 26. These axial diverting ribs 26 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction to form a confined space. After diversion, the distribution of microbubbles is more uniform, reducing the aggregation of escaped microbubbles and thus increasing the probability of microbubble breakage.

[0045] The working principle of the above-mentioned lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element: After separation, the droplets accumulate on the wall of the separation chamber 8 and slide down the conical section 19 to the lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element. The lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element has flow-diverting channels formed by flow-diverting ribs 26 in both the axial and circumferential directions. Escaping microbubbles are thrown towards and collide with the wall in the narrow flow channels. In this process, on the one hand, the flow-diverting channels increase and regularize the path of microbubble movement, increasing the residence time of microbubbles within the channels and the collision area, thus increasing the probability of microbubble breakage. The increased flow-diverting channels increase the path of microbubble movement, increase the residence time of microbubbles within the channels, and increase the collision area with the channels, thereby increasing the probability of microbubble breakage. On the other hand, compared with the impeller-type circumferential shear instability breakage under hypergravity, the increase in axial channels also creates strong shear forces on the microbubbles in the axial direction. Furthermore, the combined effect of shear forces in both the axial and circumferential directions intensifies the breakage process. During this process, within the confined space formed by the narrow flow channels, the strong shear instability and breakup caused by hypergravity, on the one hand, overcomes surface tension and viscous forces to directly break the bubbles; on the other hand, the enhanced density difference effect between the gas and liquid phases in the hypergravity field exacerbates Rayleigh-Taylor instability, i.e., enhances the growth of unstable surface waves, thereby promoting the entry of external gas into the liquid film and accelerating bubble breakup. Finally, the gas generated after sufficient bubble breakup flows into the inlet cavity 16 through the gap between the separation chamber 8 and the inlet cavity 16 and is discharged from the exhaust pipe 15, greatly improving the degree of gas-liquid separation. In summary, because hypergravity is controllable and dynamically adjustable, it can meet the requirements of bubble breakup and gas-liquid separation efficiency under varying operating conditions. In addition, through multiple stages of breakup, the breakup of micron-sized and even submicron-sized bubbles and the deep separation of membrane droplets can be achieved.

[0046] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking, characterized in that: Includes an outer cavity and a rotating mechanism; The external cavity includes an inlet cavity and a fluid-receiving cavity; The inlet cavity is coaxially positioned at the upper end of the liquid-receiving cavity and has a feed inlet; The liquid receiving cavity is coaxially provided with a separation chamber, a bubble breaking element, and a drive shaft from top to bottom. The top of the separation chamber passes through the liquid receiving cavity and extends into the inlet cavity. The lower end of the separation chamber is fixed to the bubble breaking element. The drive shaft is fixed below the bubble breaking element and is connected to the rotating mechanism. The rotating mechanism drives the bubble breaking element and the separation chamber to rotate synchronously. The separation chamber is coaxially nested with an exhaust pipe, and a gap is left between the separation chamber and the exhaust pipe. The top of the exhaust pipe extends outward from the upper end of the inlet cavity to exhaust air.

2. The gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The oral cavity is a volute structure with a spiral flow channel.

3. The gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The separation chamber has a cylindrical section, a conical section and a cylindrical section from top to bottom. The large-diameter end of the conical section is connected to the cylindrical section, the small-diameter end is connected to the cylindrical section, and the lower end face of the cylindrical section is fixed to the upper end face of the bubble-breaking element.

4. The gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes a support frame and a support base, with the liquid-receiving cavity disposed on the support. The rotating mechanism is disposed below the support and includes a motor, a coupling, and a mechanical seal. The output end of the motor is connected to one end of the coupling for transmission. The transmission shaft extends from the bottom surface of the liquid-receiving cavity and is connected to the other end of the coupling for transmission. The transmission shaft and the bottom surface of the liquid-receiving cavity are sealed and rotated together by the mechanical seal.

5. The gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the liquid receiving cavity is connected to a drain pipe, and the drain pipe is equipped with a valve.

6. The gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bubble-breaking element is an impeller-type bubble-breaking element, which includes a liquid collecting plate, a top cover plate, an outer peripheral wall, and several ribs. The liquid collecting plate, the top cover plate, and the outer peripheral wall are all coaxially arranged with the liquid receiving cavity. The lower end of the outer peripheral wall is fixed to the outer periphery of the upper surface of the liquid collecting plate, and the upper end is fixed to the outer periphery of the lower surface of the top cover plate. The ribs are fixed on the upper surface of the liquid collecting plate and located inside the outer peripheral wall. The top cover plate has a flow port at its center that communicates with the lower end of the separation cavity. Several micropores are spaced apart on the outer peripheral wall.

7. A gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Several ribs are evenly distributed circumferentially around the axis of the liquid-receiving cavity, and the inclination angle θ of the ribs relative to the wall of the liquid-receiving cavity is 0 to 30°.

8. The gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bubble-breaking element is a lotus-shaped bubble-breaking element, which is a rotating structure. The rotating structure includes a liquid-receiving plate and a curved shell fixed to the upper surface of the liquid-receiving plate. The liquid-receiving plate has several micropores distributed on it. The curved shell has a liquid outlet at the center of its top, which is connected to the lower end of the separation chamber. Within the space formed by the curved shell and the liquid-receiving plate, N layers of axial diversion ribs are arranged from top to bottom, where N≥3. M circumferential diversion ribs are connected between the liquid outlet and the liquid-receiving plate, where M≥3. The circumferential diversion ribs are distributed around the axis of the liquid-receiving chamber. The axial diversion ribs and the circumferential diversion ribs together form a flow channel.

9. A gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The micropores are arranged radially outward from the center of the liquid receiving plate, forming several concentric rings.

10. A gas-liquid separation device based on stepped bubble breaking as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The micropores on the same concentric ring are distributed at equal angular intervals.

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