Dual-power supply control system and method for electric vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power management technology, and provides a dual-power supply control system and method for an electric vehicle, the system comprises a vehicle frame body, the vehicle frame body is internally provided with a first battery cabin, a second battery cabin and a battery management cabin; the first battery cabin is positioned at a pedal and is used for mounting a first battery pack serving as an original vehicle power supply; the second battery cabin is positioned at the seat cushion barrel and is used for mounting a second battery pack serving as a standby power supply; the battery management cabin is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the cushion barrel, and the power supply control system comprises a dual-power change-over switch, a state detection and protection module, an intelligent control unit, a DC-DC voltage adaptation module, a system auxiliary power supply, a gateway and communication module, a human-computer interaction interface and a cloud platform and remote monitoring terminal. An original vehicle battery compartment and a standby battery compartment are arranged, so that a user can flexibly equip a high-capacity second battery pack, and the endurance mileage of a single vehicle is effectively prolonged; the system supports automatic and remote manual switching, and parking operation is not needed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power management technology, and specifically to a dual power supply control system and method for electric vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of electric two-wheelers, three-wheelers, and other light electric vehicles in personal travel and logistics delivery, users are increasingly demanding higher vehicle range and operational reliability. Currently, most electric vehicles on the market use a single battery pack power supply solution. This solution has obvious limitations: First, due to limitations in battery capacity and energy density, the vehicle's range is limited and cannot meet the needs of long-distance travel; second, when the single battery pack is depleted, malfunctions, or is damaged, the vehicle will lose power, causing inconvenience and safety risks to users.

[0003] To improve range, some users or modification shops may attempt to install a second battery. However, existing installation solutions mostly use simple mechanical double-pole double-throw switches or parallel cables to achieve dual power supply. These solutions have significant drawbacks: First, mechanical switches require manual operation, which is inconvenient while driving, and users may forget to switch, leading to over-discharge and damage to one battery. Second, if the two batteries are directly connected in parallel due to improper operation, circulating currents will be generated due to differences in battery voltage, internal resistance, and state of charge. This can damage the battery or even cause overheating, fire, and other safety accidents. In addition, the nominal voltage of the added battery may not be compatible with the original vehicle system, and direct connection may burn out the core components of the motor controller.

[0004] On the other hand, existing power management systems have limited functionality and lack real-time monitoring of battery status, intelligent fault diagnosis, and remote management capabilities. For users, this means they cannot promptly understand the vehicle's energy status or remotely handle or dispatch faults, reducing efficiency and ease of management.

[0005] Based on the existing problems, we propose a dual-power supply control system and method for electric vehicles. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a dual-power supply control system and method for electric vehicles, which can achieve intelligent, safe, and automatic switching, has status monitoring and remote management functions, and can adapt to batteries with different voltages. This integrated dual-power supply control system fundamentally solves the problems of range anxiety, single-point failure risk, and safety hazards associated with modifications in electric vehicles.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A dual power supply control system for electric vehicles includes a frame body, wherein a first battery compartment, a second battery compartment, and a battery management compartment are provided within the frame body.

[0009] The first battery compartment is located at the footrest of the electric vehicle and is used to install the first battery pack, which serves as the original power source for the vehicle. The second battery compartment is located in the seat cushion compartment of the electric vehicle and is used to install the second battery pack, which serves as a backup power source. The battery management compartment is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the seat cushion compartment.

[0010] The power supply control system includes a dual power transfer switch, a status detection and protection module, an intelligent control unit, a DC-DC voltage adapter module, a system auxiliary power supply, a gateway and communication module, a human-machine interface, and a cloud platform and remote monitoring terminal.

[0011] Preferably, the input terminal of the dual power supply switch is connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively through the main power supply line, and the output terminal of the dual power supply switch is connected to the motor controller.

[0012] The status detection and protection module includes a first voltage sensor, a second voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a continuity detection module integrated into the intelligent control unit.

[0013] The first voltage sensor is connected in parallel between the positive and negative terminals of the first battery pack input terminal of the dual power supply switching switch to collect the terminal voltage of the first battery pack in real time.

[0014] The second voltage sensor is connected in parallel between the positive and negative terminals of the second battery pack input terminal of the dual power supply switching switch to collect the terminal voltage of the second battery pack in real time.

[0015] The current sensor is connected in series in the output circuit of the dual power supply switching switch to collect the total load current supplied to the motor controller.

[0016] The continuity detection module is connected to the input terminal of the first battery pack via a first sampling line and to the input terminal of the second battery pack via a second sampling line;

[0017] The signal output terminals of the first voltage sensor, the second voltage sensor, and the current sensor are all connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the intelligent control unit.

[0018] Preferably, the signal input terminal of the intelligent control unit is connected to the status detection and protection module, and the control output terminal of the intelligent control unit is connected to the control terminal of the dual power supply switching switch;

[0019] The intelligent control unit receives the detection signal from the status detection and protection module, and sends a switching control signal to the dual power supply switch according to preset logic or remote instructions.

[0020] Preferably, the DC-DC voltage adapter module is connected between the output of the second battery pack and the corresponding input terminal of the dual power supply switching switch;

[0021] The system auxiliary power supply includes a UPS module and a switching power supply; the input terminal of the UPS module obtains power from the output terminal of the dual power transfer switch, and the output of the UPS module is connected to the switching power supply; the switching power supply supplies power to the intelligent control unit, the gateway and communication module, and other low-voltage control modules.

[0022] Preferably, the gateway and communication module includes a local gateway and a wireless communication module; the local gateway is connected to the status interface of the switching power supply, the intelligent control unit and the dual power transfer switch via an RS485 interface;

[0023] The human-machine interface includes a display and indicator lights installed on the vehicle body; the display is used to display the voltage, current, power and system status of the current working battery pack in real time; the indicator lights include indicator light S1 and indicator light S2, which correspond to the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively.

[0024] Preferably, the cloud platform and remote monitoring terminal are used to receive and store data from the wireless communication module and provide exclusive access permissions to authenticated users; users can log in to the cloud platform via a mobile APP to remotely view the power status of the corresponding vehicle, receive fault warnings, and manually trigger power switching.

[0025] Preferably, the status detection and protection module, intelligent control unit, gateway and communication module, and system auxiliary power supply are all integrated and installed in the battery management compartment and electrically connected via wiring harnesses.

[0026] A dual-power supply control method for electric vehicles, applied to the dual-power supply control system, includes the following steps:

[0027] Step S1: System initialization and parameter configuration; The user logs into the cloud platform via a mobile APP to configure the model, nominal voltage, and capacity parameters for the newly added second battery pack; The system automatically sets the working mode of the DC-DC voltage adapter module based on the comparison between the nominal voltage of the second battery pack and the rated voltage of the original vehicle system; If the voltage of the second battery pack exceeds the set value, the step-down function is enabled and the step-down range is set; If the voltage is lower than the set value, the DC-DC voltage adapter module is set to either pass-through or off.

[0028] Step S2: Normal power supply and real-time monitoring; After the system is powered on, the first battery pack supplies power to the motor controller by default through the dual power supply switch; At the same time, the status detection and protection module continuously and synchronously collects the voltage of the two battery packs and the total output current of the system. The data is processed by the intelligent control unit, summarized by the local gateway, and then uploaded to the cloud platform through the wireless communication module; The wireless communication module is also used to receive remote control commands from the cloud platform and forward them to the intelligent control unit through the local gateway.

[0029] Step S3: Fault Determination and Switching Decision; The intelligent control unit determines the fault based on real-time monitoring data and preset thresholds; If the voltage of the first battery pack is lower than the undervoltage threshold or higher than the overvoltage threshold, it is determined to be a voltage fault; Before the system self-test, receiving remote diagnostics, or switching power, the intelligent control unit injects a test signal into the output terminal of the first battery pack through the continuity detection module and simultaneously reads the response of the first voltage sensor. If the response indicates that the output voltage is abnormal, it is determined to be an output circuit fault; When any fault occurs in the first battery pack, or when a remote switching command is received from the cloud platform, the intelligent control unit makes a decision to switch to the second battery pack;

[0030] Step S4: Backup power pre-check and safe switching; Before switching, the intelligent control unit performs a pre-connection check on the second battery pack; the voltage is checked by the second voltage sensor to see if it is within the normal range, and the output path health is checked by the continuity detection module; if the pre-check passes, the intelligent control unit sends a control signal to the dual power switching switch to disconnect the first battery pack first, and then connect the second battery pack to complete the power supply switching, and the indicator light S2 is illuminated; if the pre-check fails, the second battery pack is determined to be unusable, and the process proceeds to step S5;

[0031] Step S5: Dual Fault Warning and System Protection; When the first battery pack fails and the second battery pack pre-inspection also fails, the intelligent control unit determines that there is a dual power supply fault; at this time, the intelligent control unit immediately triggers a local audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency alarm message to the cloud platform and the user's mobile APP through the wireless communication module; after the alarm continues for a preset delay time, the intelligent control unit controls the dual power supply switching switch to enter the "dual-path disconnect" state to completely cut off the vehicle's power supply.

[0032] Step S6: Remote monitoring and interactive control. During the entire system operation, after logging into the cloud platform via a mobile APP and completing identity verification, the user can view the dual power status, historical data, and fault records of the bound vehicle in real time. The user can actively send a remote switching command to the cloud platform via the mobile APP. This command is transmitted to the intelligent control unit via the cloud platform, the wireless communication module, and the local gateway, and the intelligent control unit performs the safe switching action as described in step S4.

[0033] This invention provides a dual-power supply control system and method for electric vehicles. It offers the following advantages: by setting up both the original battery compartment and a backup battery compartment, users can flexibly equip the vehicle with a large-capacity second battery pack, effectively extending the vehicle's range; the system supports automatic and remote manual switching, eliminating the need for manual operation while the vehicle is stopped.

[0034] The integrated status detection and protection module (voltage, current sensors and continuity detection) monitors the dual batteries in real time. The intelligent control unit accurately determines undervoltage, overvoltage and output circuit failures and automatically executes safe switching logic. The unique "pre-connection detection" mechanism avoids the risk of switching to the faulty backup power supply, while the "dual fault disconnection" logic can completely cut off the power when both the main and backup power supplies are abnormal, preventing the fault from escalating and fully protecting the safety of the vehicle and the user.

[0035] First, the DC-DC voltage adapter module can automatically match backup batteries with different voltages, allowing them to be safely connected to the original vehicle electrical system, eliminating the risk of equipment burnout due to voltage mismatch. Second, the dual power transfer switch physically eliminates the possibility of dangerous circulating currents caused by two power supplies being connected in parallel.

[0036] Through the gateway, communication module, and cloud platform, remote real-time monitoring and historical query of battery status, system alarms, and switching record data are realized; users can perform remote diagnosis and manual power switching operations through a mobile APP, realizing intelligent operation and maintenance; the intelligent control unit, detection module, communication gateway, and auxiliary power core management components are integrated into an independent battery management compartment to form a compact assembly structure; which facilitates subsequent fault diagnosis and component replacement. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dual power supply control system of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the dual power supply control method of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the voltage adaptive process of the present invention.

[0041] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Vehicle frame body; 2. First battery compartment; 3. Second battery compartment; 4. Battery management compartment. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] See attached document Figure 1 As shown, a dual power supply control system for electric vehicles includes a frame body 1, wherein a first battery compartment 2, a second battery compartment 3 and a battery management compartment 4 are provided inside the frame body 1.

[0044] The first battery compartment 2 is located at the footrest of the electric vehicle and is used to install the first battery pack, which serves as the original power source for the vehicle. The second battery compartment 3 is located in the seat cushion compartment of the electric vehicle and is used to install the second battery pack, which serves as a backup power source. The battery management compartment 4 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the seat cushion compartment.

[0045] See attached document Figure 2 As shown, the power supply control system includes a dual power supply switching switch, a status detection and protection module, an intelligent control unit, a DC-DC voltage adapter module, a system auxiliary power supply, a gateway and communication module, a human-machine interface, and a cloud platform and remote monitoring terminal.

[0046] The input terminals of the dual power supply switch are connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively through the main power supply line, and the output terminals of the dual power supply switch are connected to the motor controller.

[0047] The status detection and protection module includes a first voltage sensor, a second voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a continuity detection module integrated into the intelligent control unit.

[0048] The first voltage sensor is connected in parallel between the positive and negative terminals of the first battery pack input terminal of the dual power supply switching switch to collect the terminal voltage of the first battery pack in real time.

[0049] The second voltage sensor is connected in parallel between the positive and negative terminals of the second battery pack input terminal of the dual power supply switching switch to collect the terminal voltage of the second battery pack in real time.

[0050] The current sensor is connected in series in the output circuit of the dual power supply switching switch to collect the total load current supplied to the motor controller.

[0051] The continuity detection module is connected to the input terminal of the first battery pack via a first sampling line and to the input terminal of the second battery pack via a second sampling line;

[0052] The signal output terminals of the first voltage sensor, the second voltage sensor, and the current sensor are all connected to the analog-to-digital converter (ADC) interface of the intelligent control unit; the control and judgment logic of the continuity detection module is implemented by the program within the intelligent control unit.

[0053] The signal input terminal of the intelligent control unit is connected to the status detection and protection module, and the control output terminal of the intelligent control unit is connected to the control terminal of the dual power supply switching switch.

[0054] The intelligent control unit receives the detection signal from the status detection and protection module, and sends a switching control signal to the dual power supply switch according to preset logic or remote instructions.

[0055] The DC-DC voltage adapter module is connected between the output of the second battery pack and the corresponding input terminal of the dual power supply switching switch.

[0056] The system auxiliary power supply includes a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply) module and a switching power supply; the input terminal of the UPS module obtains power from the output terminal of the dual power transfer switch, and the output of the UPS module is connected to the switching power supply; the switching power supply supplies power to the intelligent control unit, gateway and communication module and other low-voltage control modules.

[0057] The gateway and communication module includes a local gateway and a wireless communication module; the local gateway is connected to the status interface of the switching power supply, intelligent control unit and dual power transfer switch via an RS485 interface; it is used to collect system status data.

[0058] The human-machine interface includes a display and indicator lights installed on the vehicle body; the display is used to display the voltage, current, power and system status of the current working battery pack in real time; the indicator lights include indicator light S1 and indicator light S2, which correspond to the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively, and are used to indicate the current power source.

[0059] The cloud platform and remote monitoring terminal are used to receive and store data from the wireless communication module and provide exclusive access to authenticated users. Users can log in to the cloud platform via a mobile APP to remotely view the power status of the corresponding vehicle, receive fault warnings, and manually trigger power switching.

[0060] The status detection and protection module, intelligent control unit, gateway and communication module, and system auxiliary power supply are all integrated and installed in the battery management compartment 4, and are electrically connected by wiring harnesses to form a centralized management assembly.

[0061] See attached document Figures 3-4 As shown, a dual-power supply control method for electric vehicles, applied to the dual-power supply control system, includes the following steps:

[0062] Step S1: System initialization and parameter configuration; The user logs into the cloud platform via a mobile APP to configure the model, nominal voltage, and capacity parameters for the newly added second battery pack; The system automatically sets the working mode of the DC-DC voltage adapter module based on the comparison between the nominal voltage of the second battery pack and the rated voltage of the original vehicle system; If the voltage of the second battery pack exceeds the set value, the step-down function is enabled, and the step-down range is set to ensure that its output voltage is compatible with the original vehicle system; If the voltage is lower than the set value, the DC-DC voltage adapter module is set to either pass-through or off.

[0063] Step S2: Normal power supply and real-time monitoring; After the system is powered on, the first battery pack supplies power to the motor controller by default through the dual power supply switch; At the same time, the status detection and protection module continuously and synchronously collects the voltage of the two battery packs and the total output current of the system. The data is processed by the intelligent control unit, summarized by the local gateway, and then uploaded to the cloud platform through the wireless communication module; The wireless communication module is also used to receive remote control commands from the cloud platform and forward them to the intelligent control unit through the local gateway.

[0064] Step S3: Fault Determination and Switching Decision; The intelligent control unit determines the fault based on real-time monitoring data and preset thresholds; If the voltage of the first battery pack is lower than the undervoltage threshold or higher than the overvoltage threshold, it is determined to be a voltage fault; Before system self-test, receiving remote diagnostics, or performing power switching,

[0065] The intelligent control unit injects a test signal into the output terminal of the first battery pack through the continuity detection module and simultaneously reads the response of the first voltage sensor. If the response indicates that the output voltage is abnormal, it is determined that the output circuit is faulty. When any fault occurs in the first battery pack, or when a remote switching command is received from the cloud platform, the intelligent control unit makes a decision to switch to the second battery pack.

[0066] Step S4: Backup power pre-check and safe switching; Before switching, the intelligent control unit performs a pre-connection check on the second battery pack; the voltage is checked by the second voltage sensor to see if it is within the normal range, and the output path health is checked by the continuity detection module; if the pre-check passes, the intelligent control unit sends a control signal to the dual power switching switch to disconnect the first battery pack first, and then connect the second battery pack to complete the power supply switching, and the indicator light S2 is illuminated; if the pre-check fails, the second battery pack is determined to be unusable, and the process proceeds to step S5;

[0067] Step S5: Dual Fault Warning and System Protection; When the first battery pack fails and the second battery pack pre-inspection also fails, the intelligent control unit determines that there is a dual power supply fault; at this time, the intelligent control unit immediately triggers a local audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency alarm message to the cloud platform and the user's mobile APP through the wireless communication module; after the alarm continues for a preset delay time, the intelligent control unit controls the dual power supply switching switch to enter the "dual-path disconnect" state to completely cut off the vehicle's power supply.

[0068] Step S6: Remote monitoring and interactive control. During the entire system operation, after logging into the cloud platform via a mobile APP and completing identity verification, the user can view the dual power status, historical data, and fault records of the bound vehicle in real time. The user can actively send a remote switching command to the cloud platform via the mobile APP. This command is transmitted to the intelligent control unit via the cloud platform, the wireless communication module, and the local gateway. The intelligent control unit then performs the safe switching action as described in step S4 to achieve remote manual intervention.

[0069] Example 1: The first battery pack is the original 72V 20Ah lead-acid battery pack, installed in the first battery compartment 2 at the footrest; the second battery pack is an upgraded 72V 32Ah lithium battery pack, installed in the second battery compartment 3 inside the seat cushion; the battery management compartment 4 integrates a status detection and protection module, an intelligent control unit (using an STM32 series microcontroller), a local gateway, and a system auxiliary power supply; the input terminal of the auxiliary power supply's UPS module is connected to the output bus of the dual power transfer switch; the dual power transfer switch uses a dual-channel DC contactor (relay group) with interlocking function, rated current 100A and coil voltage 12V; the human-machine interface is a small LCD display at the handlebars, used to display the current voltage, current, and the battery pack in use (icon indicators).

[0070] After the vehicle is powered on, the intelligent control unit initializes and, by default, controls the dual power supply switch to connect the first battery pack (lead-acid battery). During driving, the first voltage sensor continuously monitors the lead-acid battery voltage. When the voltage drops to 63V (undervoltage threshold), the intelligent control unit initiates a switching decision. Before switching, the intelligent control unit performs a pre-check on the lithium battery pack through the continuity detection module: it sends a pulse signal and detects the terminal voltage response through the second sampling line to confirm that its output circuit is normal and the voltage is within the normal range. After the pre-check is passed, the intelligent control unit first disconnects the contactor coil connected to the lead-acid battery and then connects the contactor coil connected to the lithium battery to complete the switching, as indicated by the power icon on the display. If the pre-check fails (e.g., the lithium battery voltage is too low or there is no response), the intelligent control unit triggers a buzzer alarm and displays "Backup power failure" on the instrument panel, while maintaining the original power supply state or entering the protection state.

[0071] Example 2: Based on the hardware of Example 1, the wireless communication module adopts a 4G Cat.1 communication module; the cloud platform is deployed on the server; the status interface of the dual power supply switch is connected to the intelligent control unit to provide feedback on the current actual connection position;

[0072] All battery voltage, current, temperature data, and switch status are packaged once per minute and uploaded to the cloud platform via a 4G module. Users can view the vehicle's battery status in real time (such as the main battery being at 80% and the backup battery at 95%) through a mobile app and generate a battery health report.

[0073] When the vehicle's main battery reports an undervoltage fault and automatically switches over, the cloud platform automatically pushes an alarm and vehicle location information to the user's mobile app. The user can actively issue a "switch to backup power" command on the mobile app, which is then sent to the vehicle via the cloud platform. The onboard intelligent control unit verifies and executes the remote command when safety conditions are met (such as zero vehicle speed) and feeds back the execution result to the platform. The system auxiliary power supply ensures that even when both the main and backup batteries are depleted, the UPS module can still provide power to the communication module and intelligent control unit for a period of time to send the final location and fault information.

[0074] Example 3: The first battery pack is the original 60V 20Ah lead-acid battery pack (nominal voltage 60V). The user adds an 84V 20Ah lithium battery pack. The DC-DC voltage adapter module is connected between the 84V lithium battery pack and the corresponding input terminal of the dual power switch. The user configures the system with the original vehicle's rated voltage of 60V and the second battery pack's nominal voltage of 84V via a mobile APP. During system initialization, the intelligent control unit detects that the configured voltage of the second battery pack (84V) is higher than the original vehicle's rated voltage (60V), automatically enables the DC-DC voltage adapter module, and sets its output voltage to 60V.

[0075] When switching to the backup lithium battery is required, the 84V output of the lithium battery first passes through the DC-DC module and is stabilized down to 60V before being sent to the input of the dual power supply switch. At this time, the voltage of both input terminals of the switch is approximately 60V (the first is the real-time voltage of the lead-acid battery, and the second is the stabilized 60V after step-down), achieving voltage matching and thus safely supplying power to the original vehicle's 60V motor controller. The display can simultaneously show the actual voltage (84V) of the lithium battery and the output voltage (60V) after adaptation, allowing users to understand the true status of the battery.

[0076] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-power supply control system for electric vehicles, characterized in that, The vehicle includes a frame body, which contains a first battery compartment, a second battery compartment, and a battery management compartment. The first battery compartment is located at the footrest of the electric vehicle and is used to install the first battery pack, which serves as the original power source for the vehicle. The second battery compartment is located in the seat cushion compartment of the electric vehicle and is used to install the second battery pack, which serves as a backup power source. The battery management compartment is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the seat cushion compartment. The power supply control system includes a dual power transfer switch, a status detection and protection module, an intelligent control unit, a DC-DC voltage adapter module, a system auxiliary power supply, a gateway and communication module, a human-machine interface, and a cloud platform and remote monitoring terminal.

2. The dual power supply control system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input terminals of the dual power supply switch are connected to the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively through the main power supply line, and the output terminals of the dual power supply switch are connected to the motor controller. The status detection and protection module includes a first voltage sensor, a second voltage sensor, a current sensor, and a continuity detection module integrated into the intelligent control unit. The first voltage sensor is connected in parallel between the positive and negative terminals of the first battery pack input terminal of the dual power supply switching switch to collect the terminal voltage of the first battery pack in real time. The second voltage sensor is connected in parallel between the positive and negative terminals of the second battery pack input terminal of the dual power supply switching switch to collect the terminal voltage of the second battery pack in real time. The current sensor is connected in series in the output circuit of the dual power supply switching switch to collect the total load current supplied to the motor controller. The continuity detection module is connected to the input terminal of the first battery pack via a first sampling line and to the input terminal of the second battery pack via a second sampling line; The signal output terminals of the first voltage sensor, the second voltage sensor, and the current sensor are all connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the intelligent control unit.

3. The dual power supply control system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal input terminal of the intelligent control unit is connected to the status detection and protection module, and the control output terminal of the intelligent control unit is connected to the control terminal of the dual power supply switching switch. The intelligent control unit receives the detection signal from the status detection and protection module, and sends a switching control signal to the dual power supply switch according to preset logic or remote instructions.

4. A dual-power supply control system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The DC-DC voltage adapter module is connected between the output of the second battery pack and the corresponding input terminal of the dual power supply switching switch. The system auxiliary power supply includes a UPS module and a switching power supply; the input terminal of the UPS module obtains power from the output terminal of the dual power transfer switch, and the output of the UPS module is connected to the switching power supply; the switching power supply supplies power to the intelligent control unit, the gateway and communication module, and other low-voltage control modules.

5. A dual-power supply control system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gateway and communication module includes a local gateway and a wireless communication module; the local gateway is connected to the status interface of the switching power supply, the intelligent control unit and the dual power transfer switch through an RS485 interface. The human-machine interface includes a display and indicator lights installed on the vehicle body; the display is used to display the voltage, current, power and system status of the current working battery pack in real time; the indicator lights include indicator light S1 and indicator light S2, which correspond to the first battery pack and the second battery pack respectively.

6. A dual-power supply control system for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cloud platform and remote monitoring terminal are used to receive and store data from the wireless communication module and provide exclusive access to authenticated users. Users can log in to the cloud platform via a mobile APP to remotely view the power status of the corresponding vehicle, receive fault warnings, and manually trigger power switching.

7. A dual-power supply control system for electric vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The status detection and protection module, intelligent control unit, gateway and communication module, and system auxiliary power supply are all integrated and installed in the battery management compartment and electrically connected via wiring harnesses.

8. A dual-power supply control method for electric vehicles, applied to the dual-power supply control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: System initialization and parameter configuration; The user logs into the cloud platform via a mobile APP to configure the model, nominal voltage, and capacity parameters for the newly added second battery pack; The system automatically sets the working mode of the DC-DC voltage adapter module based on the comparison between the nominal voltage of the second battery pack and the rated voltage of the original vehicle system; If the voltage of the second battery pack exceeds the set value, the step-down function is enabled and the step-down range is set; If the voltage is lower than the set value, the DC-DC voltage adapter module is set to either pass-through or off. Step S2: Normal power supply and real-time monitoring; After the system is powered on, the first battery pack supplies power to the motor controller by default through the dual power supply switch; At the same time, the status detection and protection module continuously and synchronously collects the voltage of the two battery packs and the total output current of the system. The data is processed by the intelligent control unit, summarized by the local gateway, and then uploaded to the cloud platform through the wireless communication module; The wireless communication module is also used to receive remote control commands from the cloud platform and forward them to the intelligent control unit through the local gateway. Step S3: Fault Determination and Switching Decision; The intelligent control unit determines the fault based on real-time monitoring data and preset thresholds; If the voltage of the first battery pack is lower than the undervoltage threshold or higher than the overvoltage threshold, it is determined to be a voltage fault; Before the system self-test, receiving remote diagnostics, or switching power, the intelligent control unit injects a test signal into the output terminal of the first battery pack through the continuity detection module and simultaneously reads the response of the first voltage sensor. If the response indicates that the output voltage is abnormal, it is determined to be an output circuit fault; When any fault occurs in the first battery pack, or when a remote switching command is received from the cloud platform, the intelligent control unit makes a decision to switch to the second battery pack; Step S4: Backup power pre-check and safe switching; Before switching, the intelligent control unit performs a pre-connection check on the second battery pack; the voltage is checked by the second voltage sensor to see if it is within the normal range, and the output path health is checked by the continuity detection module; if the pre-check passes, the intelligent control unit sends a control signal to the dual power switching switch to disconnect the first battery pack first, and then connect the second battery pack to complete the power supply switching, and the indicator light S2 is illuminated; if the pre-check fails, the second battery pack is determined to be unusable, and the process proceeds to step S5; Step S5: Dual Fault Warning and System Protection; When the first battery pack fails and the second battery pack pre-inspection also fails, the intelligent control unit determines that there is a dual power supply fault; at this time, the intelligent control unit immediately triggers a local audible and visual alarm and sends an emergency alarm message to the cloud platform and the user's mobile APP through the wireless communication module; after the alarm continues for a preset delay time, the intelligent control unit controls the dual power supply switching switch to enter the "dual-path disconnect" state to completely cut off the vehicle's power supply. Step S6: Remote monitoring and interactive control. During the entire system operation, after logging into the cloud platform via a mobile APP and completing identity verification, the user can view the dual power status, historical data, and fault records of the bound vehicle in real time. The user can actively send a remote switching command to the cloud platform via the mobile APP. This command is sent to the intelligent control unit via the cloud platform, the wireless communication module, and the local gateway. The intelligent control unit then performs the safe switching action as described in step S4.

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