Electric automobile battery replacing system and charging and discharging control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric vehicle battery replacing system and a charging and discharging control method. The electric vehicle battery replacing system further comprises a server, a battery charging and replacing system, an energy storage system and a control device, and the server is in communication connection with the control device and used for generating a charging and discharging instruction of the energy storage system according to the battery replacing frequency of the battery charging and replacing system in different time periods and electricity price information of a power grid in different time periods; the control equipment is connected with the energy storage system and is used for receiving a charging and discharging instruction issued by the server and controlling the energy storage system to charge and discharge; the battery charging and replacing system is connected with the electric energy output end of the energy storage system and used for charging the battery through the electric energy stored by the energy storage system. Through the scheme provided by the invention, the power grid load can be effectively reduced, and the electric energy utilization rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electric vehicle battery swapping technology, and in particular to an electric vehicle battery swapping system and a charging and discharging control method. Background Technology

[0002] Electric vehicle battery swapping stations are energy stations that provide charging and rapid battery swapping for electric vehicles.

[0003] Electric vehicle battery swapping stations typically deploy photovoltaic power generation systems and various electrical equipment, including charging and swapping systems, energy storage systems, and other electrical equipment within the station (e.g., lighting equipment). The photovoltaic power generation system generates electricity and stores it in the energy storage system, which in turn charges the charging and swapping systems.

[0004] Therefore, controlling the charging and discharging of energy storage systems to improve energy utilization is of great significance in the field of electric vehicle battery swapping technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an electric vehicle battery swapping system and a charging and discharging control method, which can effectively reduce the grid load and improve the energy utilization rate.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an electric vehicle battery swapping system, which includes: a server, a charging and swapping system, an energy storage system, and a control device; the server is communicatively connected to the control device and is used to generate charging and discharging instructions for the energy storage system based on the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electricity price information of the power grid at different times; the control device is connected to the energy storage system and is used to receive the charging and discharging instructions issued by the server and control the energy storage system to charge and discharge; the charging and swapping system is connected to the power output terminal of the energy storage system and is used to charge the battery with the power stored in the energy storage system.

[0007] As can be seen from the above, by controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage system according to the battery swapping frequency at different times, the energy storage system can be used to charge the battery swapping system when the battery swapping system operates at a high frequency, thereby reducing the grid load and improving the energy utilization rate. Similarly, by using the energy storage system to perform peak shaving and valley filling based on the electricity price information corresponding to different times, the grid load can also be reduced and the energy utilization rate improved.

[0008] Therefore, it can be seen that the method proposed in the embodiments of this application can effectively reduce the grid load and improve the power utilization rate.

[0009] In some embodiments, the battery swapping system includes: a battery swapping mechanism, a battery storage mechanism, a charging mechanism, and a battery transfer mechanism; the battery swapping mechanism is used to remove a battery from a vehicle to be swapped when the vehicle to be swapped is detected to be located in the battery swapping area; the battery transfer mechanism is connected to the output end of the battery swapping mechanism and is used to transfer the battery removed by the battery swapping mechanism to the battery storage mechanism; the battery storage mechanism is connected to the output end of the battery transfer mechanism and is used to store the battery transferred by the battery transfer mechanism; the charging mechanism is connected to the first power input end of the battery storage mechanism through the first power output end of the charging mechanism and is used to charge the battery stored in the battery storage mechanism.

[0010] In the above embodiments, a charging and swapping system is set up to enable the battery swapping operation of the vehicle, so that the depleted battery of the vehicle can be removed and replaced with a fully charged battery, thereby eliminating the need for the vehicle to wait for charging and improving the efficiency of vehicle operation.

[0011] In some embodiments, the charging mechanism further includes: a second power input terminal and a third power input terminal; the second power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the energy storage system and is used to charge the battery with the power stored in the energy storage system; the third power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the power grid and is used to charge the battery with the power from the power grid.

[0012] In the above embodiments, since both the energy storage system and the power grid can charge the battery in the charging and swapping system, in practical applications, the energy storage system can be controlled to charge the charging and swapping system at the appropriate time by combining the charging frequency of the charging and swapping system and the power grid price. This can not only reduce the load on the power grid, but also improve the energy utilization rate of the energy storage system and reduce the electricity cost of the electric vehicle battery swapping system.

[0013] In some embodiments, the electric vehicle battery swapping system further includes a photovoltaic system, which includes photovoltaic modules, a photovoltaic inverter, and a grid-connected device. The photovoltaic modules are used to convert light energy into electrical energy; the photovoltaic inverter is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic modules and is used to invert and convert the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic modules; and the grid-connected device is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic inverter and is used to transmit the inverted electrical energy to the power grid.

[0014] In the above embodiments, the photovoltaic system can generate electricity. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic system can be used to power the electrical equipment in the electric vehicle battery swapping system, and can also be transmitted to the power grid, realizing "self-generation and self-consumption of electricity, and grid connection of surplus electricity", which improves the utilization rate of electricity and reduces energy waste.

[0015] In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes: a battery, an energy storage converter, a grid-connected transformer, and an energy management component; the grid-connected transformer is connected to the power output terminal of the photovoltaic system and is used to convert the voltage of the power generated by the photovoltaic system and store the converted power in the battery; the battery is connected to the power output terminal of the grid-connected transformer and the power output terminal of the power grid and is used to store the power generated by the photovoltaic system and the power obtained from the power grid; the energy storage converter is connected to the battery and is used to receive charging and discharging commands from the control device to control the charging and discharging of the battery; the energy management component is used to receive charging and discharging commands from the control device to control the grid-connected transformer to perform voltage conversion and to control the energy storage converter to charge and discharge the battery.

[0016] In the above embodiments, the energy storage system can store electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system and electrical energy obtained from the power grid. Based on this, in practical applications, the charging of the photovoltaic system to the energy storage system can be controlled by combining the peak and valley periods of the power grid and the peak and valley electricity prices, so as to control the discharge of the energy storage system during peak electricity consumption periods and / or periods with higher electricity prices, thereby reducing the load on the power grid and improving the utilization rate of electrical energy.

[0017] In some embodiments, the energy storage system further includes a fire suppression system connected to the battery for extinguishing fires in the battery in the event of a fire in the energy storage system, thereby improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery is a recycled battery. Using recycled batteries as storage devices can improve the battery's recycling rate and reduce the investment cost of the energy storage system.

[0019] In some embodiments, the energy storage system includes: a first power output terminal and a second power output terminal, wherein the energy storage system is connected to the power input terminal of the charging and swapping system through the first power output terminal for charging the battery in the charging and swapping system; the energy storage system is also used to transmit the stored power to the power grid through the second power output terminal.

[0020] In the above embodiments, through the power output terminal of the energy storage system, the energy storage system can not only release the stored power to charge the batteries in the charging and swapping system, reducing the impact of the power load on the power grid on the swapping station side, but also upload the excess power to the power grid to realize "surplus power to the grid", increasing the revenue of the swapping station system.

[0021] In some embodiments, the charging / swapping system, photovoltaic system, energy storage system, and control equipment are connected via an AC bus.

[0022] The system uses an AC bus to connect the charging and swapping system, photovoltaic system, energy storage system, and control equipment. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic system can directly charge the charging and swapping system and the energy storage system. This solves the problem of low power conversion efficiency caused by the multi-stage connection between the photovoltaic system, the energy storage system, and the charging and swapping system in related technologies, thereby improving the power conversion efficiency and thus increasing the utilization rate of electricity.

[0023] In some embodiments, the electric vehicle battery swapping system further includes: a vehicle charging system, which is connected to the control equipment via a communication link and connected to the charging and swapping system, the photovoltaic system, and the energy storage system via an AC bus; the vehicle charging system is used to charge the vehicle to be charged.

[0024] The energy stored in the energy storage system can not only charge the batteries in the charging and swapping system, but also charge external vehicles. Therefore, even if the charging and swapping system fails, the vehicle can still be charged through the charging system.

[0025] Secondly, this application also provides a charging and discharging control method applied to an electric vehicle battery swapping system. The method includes: analyzing the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electricity price information of the power grid at different times through a server to generate charging and discharging commands; sending the charging and discharging commands to a control device through the server; and controlling the energy storage system to charge and discharge during the charging and discharging period indicated by the charging and discharging commands through the control device.

[0026] As can be seen from the above, in this embodiment of the application, by controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage system according to the battery swapping frequency at different times, the energy storage system can be used to charge the battery swapping system when the battery swapping system operates at a high frequency, thereby reducing the grid load and improving the energy utilization rate. Similarly, by using the energy storage system to perform peak shaving and valley filling based on the electricity price information corresponding to different times, the grid load can also be reduced and the energy utilization rate improved.

[0027] Therefore, it can be seen that the method proposed in the embodiments of this application can effectively reduce the grid load and improve the power utilization rate.

[0028] In some embodiments, the server analyzes the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electricity price information of the power grid at different times to generate charging and discharging instructions, including: analyzing the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the corresponding electricity price information at different times to determine the charging and discharging time periods of the energy storage system; and generating charging and discharging instructions containing the charging and discharging time periods through the server.

[0029] By generating charging and discharging commands based on the battery swapping frequency and electricity price information at different times, the energy storage system can be controlled to charge during periods when the battery swapping system operates at a higher frequency or when the electricity price is lower. This not only reduces the grid load but also improves the efficiency of electricity utilization.

[0030] In some embodiments, the charging and discharging period includes at least a first discharging period and a first charging period. The electric vehicle battery swapping system also includes a photovoltaic system. The determination of the charging and discharging period of the energy storage system by analyzing data from the server on the battery swapping frequency and corresponding electricity price information of the charging and swapping system at different times includes: determining the first discharging period of the energy storage system by analyzing data from the server on the battery swapping frequency and corresponding electricity price information of the charging and swapping system at different times; and determining the first charging period of the photovoltaic system charging the energy storage system by analyzing data from the server on the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system.

[0031] In the above embodiments, the discharge period of the energy storage system is determined based on the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system and the electricity price information to improve the energy utilization rate; the charging period of the energy storage system is determined based on the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system and the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system to make full use of the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system and further improve the energy utilization rate.

[0032] In some embodiments, the server performs data analysis on the battery swapping frequency and corresponding electricity price information of the charging and swapping system at different time periods to determine the first discharge period of the energy storage system, including: obtaining the first battery swapping period with a battery swapping frequency greater than or equal to a preset battery swapping frequency through the server; determining the first electricity price corresponding to the first battery swapping period from the electricity price information corresponding to different time periods through the server; and determining the first battery swapping period as the first discharge period through the server if the first electricity price is higher than the first preset electricity price.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the energy storage system charges the charging and swapping system, which not only reduces the grid load but also reduces the charging cost of the charging and swapping system.

[0034] In some embodiments, after obtaining a first battery swapping period with a swapping frequency greater than or equal to a preset swapping frequency through the server, a second battery swapping period with a swapping frequency less than the preset swapping frequency is obtained through the server; the second electricity price corresponding to the second battery swapping period is determined through the server from the electricity price information corresponding to different time periods; if the second electricity price is higher than the first preset electricity price, a first discharge command is generated through the server; the first discharge command is sent to the control device through the server; during the second battery swapping period indicated by the first discharge command, the energy storage system is controlled to discharge to the grid through the control device.

[0035] In the above embodiments, when the battery swapping frequency is low and the grid electricity price is high, the energy storage system is controlled to discharge to the grid in order to improve the energy utilization rate of the electric vehicle battery swapping system and provide revenue for the battery swapping station.

[0036] In some embodiments, the server determines the first charging period for the photovoltaic system to charge the energy storage system by analyzing the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system. This includes: determining, through the server, the electricity price period in which the electricity price is greater than or equal to a second preset electricity price from the electricity price information corresponding to different times; and determining the electricity price period as the first charging period when it is detected that the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system is greater than or equal to a first preset electricity but less than or equal to a second preset electricity, wherein the first preset electricity is the electricity consumption within the electric vehicle battery swapping station, and the second preset electricity is the sum of the electricity consumption within the station and the electricity stored in the energy storage system.

[0037] In the above embodiments, when the grid electricity price is high and there is surplus electricity generated by the photovoltaic system, the photovoltaic system is controlled to charge the energy storage system, and then discharged during peak electricity consumption periods, which can reduce the grid load and reduce the charging cost of the energy storage system.

[0038] In some embodiments, after determining, through the server, the electricity price period in which the electricity price is greater than or equal to the second preset electricity price from the electricity price information corresponding to different time periods, and when it is detected that the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system is greater than the second preset electricity amount, the server generates a second discharge command; the server sends the second discharge command to the control device; and during the electricity price period indicated by the second discharge command, the control device controls the photovoltaic system to discharge to the grid.

[0039] In the above embodiments, when the grid electricity price is high and the photovoltaic system generates electricity that is not only used for the electricity consumption of the electric vehicle swapping station and the storage of the energy storage system, but also has surplus electricity, controlling the photovoltaic system to discharge to the grid can improve the power utilization rate and increase the revenue of the swapping station.

[0040] In some embodiments, after determining, through the server, the electricity price period in which the electricity price is greater than or equal to the second preset electricity price from the electricity price information corresponding to different time periods, and when it is detected that the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system is less than the first preset electricity, the server generates a first charging instruction; the server sends the first charging instruction to the control device; and when the first charging instruction indicates that charging is prohibited, the control device controls the photovoltaic system to prohibit charging the energy storage system.

[0041] In the above embodiments, when the power generated by the photovoltaic system is only sufficient to meet the power consumption of the electrical equipment in the battery swapping station, the power generated by the photovoltaic system is given priority to the electrical equipment to improve the power utilization rate.

[0042] Thirdly, this application provides an electronic device comprising: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; wherein the processor, when executing the computer program instructions, implements the charging and discharging control method as described in the first aspect.

[0043] Fourthly, this application provides a readable storage medium storing computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the charge / discharge control method as described in the second aspect.

[0044] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0045] The features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric vehicle battery swapping system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging and swapping system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of this application;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a charging and discharging control method according to another embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0052] The accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0055] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0056] In this application, the term "embodiment" is used to mean that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiment. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application can be combined with other embodiments.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0059] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the technical terms "center," "longitudinal," and "lateral" are used.

[0060] Length, Width, Thickness, Top, Bottom, Front, Back, Left, Right

[0061] "Vertical", "Horizontal", "Top", "Bottom", "Inner", "Outer", "Clockwise", "Counterclockwise"

[0062] The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and is only for the purpose of facilitating the description of the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description. It is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of this application.

[0063] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0064] Electric vehicle battery swapping stations typically consist of a photovoltaic system, a grid-connected system, an energy storage system, and a charging / swapping system. The photovoltaic system is connected to the photovoltaic power supply bus; the energy storage system is connected to the charging / swapping system and the load via a shared bus; and the photovoltaic system, energy storage system, and charging / swapping system are then connected via a 380V bus to achieve photovoltaic power generation and energy storage, and to supply power to the charging / swapping system.

[0065] However, the photovoltaic system and the charging / swapping system are connected through multiple stages before being connected to a common bus, which reduces the energy conversion efficiency. In related technologies, the charging and discharging time and related strategies of the energy storage system do not take into account the swapping frequency of the charging / swapping system. When the swapping frequency is low but the grid electricity price is high, the system is still charged, which reduces the energy utilization rate of the charging / swapping system and also reduces the revenue of electric vehicle swapping stations. Moreover, the energy storage systems in related technologies only use batteries and do not consider the utilization and recycling of secondary batteries, resulting in resource waste.

[0066] To address the aforementioned issues, this application provides an electric vehicle battery swapping system and a charging / discharging control method. In this application embodiment, the electric vehicle battery swapping system combines the battery swapping frequency of the charging / swapping system at different times with the grid electricity price, utilizes the peak shaving and valley filling effect of the energy storage system to reduce the electricity load on the power consumption side of the charging / swapping system, improves the power utilization rate, and also increases the revenue of the electric vehicle battery swapping system by feeding surplus electricity into the grid.

[0067] The charging and discharging control method provided in this application embodiment can be applied to electric vehicle battery swapping systems. Before introducing the charging and discharging control method, the electric vehicle battery swapping system will be introduced first. The electric vehicle battery swapping system provided in this application embodiment can realize vehicle battery swapping, that is, replacing the vehicle's battery, for example, performing battery swapping operations on commercial vehicles (e.g., heavy-duty truck chassis vehicles).

[0068] In one embodiment, Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric vehicle battery swapping system according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As can be seen, in the embodiments of this application, the electric vehicle battery swapping system includes at least: a server 10, a control device 20, a charging and swapping system 30, and an energy storage system 40.

[0069] In this embodiment, the server is communicatively connected to the control device and is used to execute the charging and discharging control method provided in this embodiment to generate charging and discharging instructions for the energy storage system based on the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electricity price information of the power grid at different times. The control device is used to receive the charging and discharging instructions issued by the server and control the energy storage system to charge and discharge. The charging and swapping system is connected to the power output terminal of the energy storage system and is used to charge the battery with the power stored in the energy storage system.

[0070] In the above embodiments, the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different time periods can be characterized by the number of battery swaps in different time periods, which reflects the operational efficiency of the charging and swapping system. The duration of different time periods can be the same, for example, each time period is 1 hour; or the duration of different time periods can be different, for example, time period 1 is 1 hour and time period 2 is 2 hours. In this scenario, the battery swapping frequency of different time periods can be determined by the ratio of the number of battery swaps within the corresponding time period to the number of time periods per unit time period. Therefore, by controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage system according to the battery swapping frequency at different time periods, the energy storage system can be used to charge the charging and swapping system when the charging and swapping system operates at a high frequency, reducing the grid load and improving energy utilization.

[0071] In addition, in the above embodiments, the power grid may have different electricity prices at different times. The peak and valley electricity prices and peak and valley periods of the power grid are determined by the electricity price information of the power grid at different times. Based on this, the energy storage system is controlled to perform peak shaving and valley filling. When the electricity price is high, the energy storage system is controlled to discharge, and when the electricity price is low, the energy storage system is controlled to charge. This charges the charging and swapping system in the electric vehicle battery swapping system and other electrical equipment, which can reduce the grid load and improve the power utilization rate.

[0072] The following explains the various systems included in an electric vehicle battery swapping system.

[0073] For charging and swapping systems Figure 2 The diagram shows the structure of the charging and swapping system, consisting of... Figure 2 It can be seen that the charging and swapping system includes: a swapping mechanism 301, a battery storage mechanism 302, a charging mechanism 303, and a battery transfer mechanism 304.

[0074] like Figure 2As shown, the battery swapping mechanism 301 is used to remove the battery from the vehicle to be swapped when the vehicle to be swapped is detected to be located in the battery swapping area 305; the battery transfer mechanism 302 is connected to the output end of the battery swapping mechanism 301 and is used to transfer the battery removed by the battery swapping mechanism 301 to the battery storage mechanism 304; the battery storage mechanism 304 is connected to the output end of the battery transfer mechanism 302 and is used to store the battery transferred by the battery transfer mechanism 302; the first power output end of the charging mechanism 303 is connected to the first power input end of the battery storage mechanism 304 and is used to charge the battery stored in the battery storage mechanism 304.

[0075] By setting up a charging and swapping system, the vehicle's battery can be swapped, replacing the depleted battery with a fully charged one, thus eliminating the need for the vehicle to wait for charging and improving its operating efficiency.

[0076] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, the charging mechanism further includes: a second power input terminal and a third power input terminal; wherein, the second power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the energy storage system and is used to charge the battery with the power stored in the energy storage system; the third power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the power grid and is used to charge the battery with the power from the power grid.

[0077] Therefore, in this embodiment of the application, both the energy storage system and the power grid can charge the battery in the charging and swapping system. In practical applications, the charging frequency of the charging and swapping system and the power grid price can be combined to control the energy storage system to charge the charging and swapping system at appropriate times. For example, using the energy storage system and the power grid to charge the charging and swapping system during peak electricity consumption periods can not only reduce the load on the power grid, but also improve the energy utilization rate of the energy storage system and reduce the electricity cost of the electric vehicle battery swapping system.

[0078] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the electric vehicle battery swapping system also includes a photovoltaic system 50. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of photovoltaic system 50 is shown, as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the photovoltaic system 50 includes: photovoltaic modules 501, a photovoltaic inverter 502, and a grid-connected device 503. Figure 3 (Not shown in the image).

[0079] Photovoltaic module 501 is used to convert light energy into electrical energy, wherein the photovoltaic module can be, but is not limited to, a photovoltaic panel.

[0080] The photovoltaic inverter 502 is connected to the output terminal of the photovoltaic module 501 and is used to invert and convert the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module 501.

[0081] The grid-connected device 503 is connected to the output terminal of the photovoltaic inverter 502 and is used to transmit the converted electrical energy to the power grid.

[0082] Therefore, in the embodiments of this application, the photovoltaic system can generate electrical energy. In addition to powering the electrical equipment in the electric vehicle battery swapping system, the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system can also be transmitted to the power grid, realizing "self-generation and self-consumption of electrical energy, and grid connection of surplus electricity", which improves the utilization rate of electrical energy and reduces energy waste.

[0083] In one embodiment, Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the energy storage system is shown, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the energy storage system 40 includes: a battery 401, an energy storage converter 402, a grid-connected transformer 403, and an energy management component 404. Figure 4 (Not shown in the image).

[0084] The grid-connected transformer 403 is connected to the power output terminal of the photovoltaic system and is used to convert the voltage of the power generated by the photovoltaic system and store the converted power in the battery 401.

[0085] The storage battery 401 is connected to the power output terminal of the grid-connected transformer 403 and the power output terminal of the power grid, and is used to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system and the electrical energy obtained from the power grid.

[0086] The energy storage converter 402 is connected to the battery 401 and is used to receive charging and discharging commands issued by the control equipment to control the charging and discharging of the battery 401.

[0087] The energy management component 404 is used to receive charging and discharging commands sent by the control equipment to control the grid-connected transformer 403 to perform voltage conversion and to control the energy storage converter 402 to charge and discharge the battery 401.

[0088] In the above embodiments, the energy storage converter 402 can be a bidirectional energy storage converter, which can not only convert AC power from the grid into DC power for charging the battery swapping system, but also convert DC power into AC power for transmission to the grid, increasing the revenue of the battery swapping station. The energy management component 404 can be an EMS (Energy Management System), which is used to manage electrical energy.

[0089] As can be seen from the above embodiments, the energy storage system can store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system and the electrical energy obtained from the power grid. Based on this, in practical applications, the charging of the photovoltaic system to the energy storage system can be controlled by combining the peak and valley periods of the power grid and the peak and valley electricity prices, so as to control the discharge of the energy storage system during peak electricity consumption periods and / or periods with higher electricity prices, thereby reducing the load on the power grid and improving the utilization rate of electrical energy.

[0090] In one embodiment, such as Figure 4 The energy storage system shown also includes a fire suppression system 405 and a heat dissipation device 406. The fire suppression system 405 can be connected to the battery 401 to extinguish a fire in the energy storage system, thereby improving the safety of the system. The heat dissipation device is used to cool the batteries in the electrical box, and may include, but is not limited to, a water-cooled unit.

[0091] In this embodiment of the application, the storage battery is a secondary battery.

[0092] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, using recyclable batteries (i.e., cascaded batteries) as storage batteries can improve the recycling rate of batteries and reduce the investment cost of energy storage systems.

[0093] In one embodiment, the energy storage system further includes a first power output terminal and a second power output terminal. The energy storage system is connected to the power input terminal of the charging and swapping system via the first power output terminal for charging the batteries in the charging and swapping system. The energy storage system transmits the stored energy to the power grid via the second power output terminal. That is, in this embodiment, the energy storage system can not only obtain and store power from the power grid and photovoltaic system, but also release the stored power to charge the batteries in the charging and swapping system, reducing the impact of the power load on the power grid at the swapping station. Furthermore, the energy storage system can also upload excess power to the power grid, achieving "surplus power to the grid" and increasing the revenue of the swapping station system.

[0094] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this application, the charging and swapping system, photovoltaic system, energy storage system, and control equipment are connected via an AC bus.

[0095] The system uses an AC bus to connect the charging and swapping system, photovoltaic system, energy storage system, and control equipment. The electricity generated by the photovoltaic system can directly charge the charging and swapping system and the energy storage system. This solves the problem of low power conversion efficiency caused by the multi-stage connection between the photovoltaic system, the energy storage system, and the charging and swapping system in related technologies, thereby improving the power conversion efficiency and thus increasing the utilization rate of electricity.

[0096] In one embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the electric vehicle battery swapping system also includes a vehicle charging system 60, which is connected to the control equipment via a communication link and to the charging / swapping system, photovoltaic system, and energy storage system via an AC bus. In this embodiment, the vehicle charging system is used to charge the vehicle to be charged.

[0097] Therefore, in this embodiment of the application, the electrical energy stored in the energy storage system can not only charge the battery in the charging and swapping system, but also charge external vehicles. Thus, even if the charging and swapping system fails, the vehicle can still be charged through the charging system.

[0098] This concludes the introduction to the electric vehicle battery swapping system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0099] The charging and discharging control method provided in the embodiments of this application will be described below in conjunction with an electric vehicle battery swapping system.

[0100] In one embodiment, Figure 5 A flowchart of a charging and discharging control method is shown, which can be applied to electric vehicle battery swapping systems. Figure 5 As shown, the method may include the following steps S501 to S503:

[0101] Step S501: The server analyzes the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electricity price information of the power grid at different times, and generates charging and discharging instructions.

[0102] In step S501, the server can be a cloud platform.

[0103] In one example, the server uses one hour as a time period, retrieves the historical number of battery swaps at the station, counts the number of swaps in different time periods, and calculates the average number of swaps within the same time period to obtain the battery swap frequency corresponding to that time period. It should be noted that in practical applications, the duration of each time period can be the same or different. In this embodiment, the example of each time period having the same duration is used for illustration.

[0104] Regarding electricity price information, the server can obtain the peak and off-peak electricity prices and peak and off-peak periods in the area where the battery swapping station is located, thereby obtaining the electricity price information of the battery swapping station at different times.

[0105] In one embodiment, the server can perform data analysis on the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different time periods and the corresponding electricity price information at different time periods, determine the charging and discharging time periods of the energy storage system, and generate charging and discharging instructions that include the charging and discharging time periods.

[0106] As an example, the server analyzes the battery swapping frequency and electricity price information of the charging and swapping system at different times to determine the target charging and discharging period of the energy storage system. The peak shaving and valley filling function of the energy storage system is used to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage system during the target charging and discharging period. For example, the energy storage system can be controlled to discharge during peak electricity consumption periods to reduce the grid load. Or, when the battery swapping frequency is low and the electricity price is low, the energy storage system can be charged by the grid, which can improve the energy utilization rate and reduce the battery swapping cost of the battery swapping station.

[0107] Furthermore, after determining the charging and discharging periods of the charging and swapping system, charging commands for controlling the charging of the energy storage system and discharging commands for controlling the discharging of the energy storage system can be generated based on the charging and discharging periods.

[0108] In step S502, the charging and discharging command is sent to the control device via the server.

[0109] In step S502, the server and the control device can be connected via wired or wireless means, thereby sending charging and discharging commands to the control device.

[0110] It should be noted that by analyzing the battery swapping frequency and grid electricity price of the charging and swapping system at different times through the server, the workload of the control equipment can be reduced, allowing the control equipment to be used for task scheduling and improving the task management performance of the control equipment.

[0111] In step S503, during the charging and discharging period indicated by the charging and discharging command, the energy storage system is controlled to charge and discharge by the control device.

[0112] As an example, after generating charging and / or discharging commands, the server sends the charging and / or discharging commands to the control device. The control device then obtains the charging period from the charging command and controls the energy storage system to charge during the charging period. For example, it controls the energy storage system to obtain power from the grid or from the photovoltaic system to charge the energy storage system. For discharging commands, the control device obtains the discharging period from the discharging command and controls the energy storage system to discharge during the discharging period. For example, it controls the energy storage system to charge the battery swapping system during the discharging period to reduce the grid load, or to transmit power to the grid during the discharging period to increase the revenue of the battery swapping station.

[0113] Based on the scheme defined in steps S501 to S503 above, it can be understood that in this embodiment of the application, by controlling the charging and discharging of the energy storage system according to the battery swapping frequency at different times, the energy storage system can be used to charge the battery swapping system when the battery swapping system operates at a high frequency, thereby reducing the grid load and improving the energy utilization rate; and by using the energy storage system to perform peak shaving and valley filling according to the electricity price information corresponding to different times, the grid load can also be reduced and the energy utilization rate improved.

[0114] Therefore, it can be seen that the method proposed in the embodiments of this application can effectively reduce the grid load and improve the power utilization rate.

[0115] The following explains the specific implementation process of the charging and discharging control method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0116] In one embodiment, the charging and discharging period includes at least a first discharging period and a first charging period, and the electric vehicle battery swapping system also includes a photovoltaic system. The server performs data analysis on the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different time periods and the corresponding electricity price information for different time periods to determine the first discharging period of the energy storage system; the server determines the first charging period of the photovoltaic system charging the energy storage system based on the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different time periods and the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system.

[0117] The method provided in this application embodiment can realize the charging and discharging of the energy storage system. The discharging period of the energy storage system is determined according to the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system and the electricity price information to improve the energy utilization rate. The charging period of the energy storage system is determined according to the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system and the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system to make full use of the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system and further improve the energy utilization rate.

[0118] In one embodiment, for the first discharge period, the server can first obtain the first battery swapping period with a battery swapping frequency greater than or equal to a preset battery swapping frequency; then, from the electricity price information corresponding to different periods, determine the first electricity price corresponding to the first battery swapping period; if the first electricity price is higher than the first preset electricity price, the server determines the first battery swapping period as the first discharge period.

[0119] In one example, when the battery swapping station operates at a high frequency, meaning there are many batteries requiring charging, and if the electricity price is also high during this high-frequency period, an energy storage system can be used to charge the battery swapping system. In this scenario, the energy storage system charges the battery swapping system, reducing the grid load. Moreover, the energy stored in the energy storage system is either generated by the photovoltaic system or obtained from the grid when electricity prices are low. Therefore, using the energy storage system to charge the battery swapping system when grid electricity prices are high can also reduce the charging cost of the battery swapping system.

[0120] In one embodiment, after obtaining a first battery swapping period with a swapping frequency greater than or equal to a preset swapping frequency through the server, the server can also obtain a second battery swapping period with a swapping frequency less than the preset swapping frequency. Then, from the electricity price information corresponding to different time periods, a second electricity price corresponding to the second battery swapping period is determined. If the second electricity price is higher than the first preset electricity price, a first discharge command is generated through the server. Then, the first discharge command is sent to the control device through the server. During the second battery swapping period indicated by the first discharge command, the control device controls the energy storage system to discharge to the grid.

[0121] In the above embodiments, the first discharge command is used to instruct the energy storage system to discharge to the grid during the second battery swapping period.

[0122] In one example, when the battery swapping station operates at a low frequency, meaning fewer batteries require charging, and if electricity prices are low during these periods, the energy storage system can be controlled to charge the battery swapping system, thereby reducing its charging costs. Simultaneously, if the energy storage system has surplus stored energy, it can also be controlled to discharge into the grid, improving the energy utilization rate of the electric vehicle battery swapping system and increasing the station's revenue.

[0123] In one embodiment, for a charging period, the server can determine the electricity price period when the electricity price is greater than or equal to the second preset electricity price from the electricity price information corresponding to different periods; when it is detected that the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system is greater than or equal to the first preset electricity, but less than or equal to the second preset electricity, the server determines the electricity price period as the first charging period.

[0124] In the above embodiments, the first preset energy is the electricity consumption of the electric vehicle swapping station, and the second preset energy is the sum of the electricity consumption of the station and the electricity stored in the energy storage system.

[0125] In one example, when grid electricity prices are high and the photovoltaic system generates electricity beyond what is needed for the electric vehicle battery swapping station (e.g., lighting), there is a surplus. In this case, the photovoltaic system can be controlled to charge the energy storage system, which can then discharge during peak electricity demand periods, thereby reducing grid load and lowering the charging cost of the energy storage system.

[0126] In one embodiment, after determining, through the server, the electricity price period in which the electricity price is greater than or equal to the second preset electricity price from the electricity price information corresponding to different time periods, and upon detecting that the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system is greater than the second preset electricity amount, the server generates a second discharge command; the server sends the second discharge command to the control device; and during the electricity price period indicated by the second discharge command, the control device controls the photovoltaic system to discharge to the grid.

[0127] In one example, when the grid electricity price is high and the photovoltaic system generates electricity beyond what is used for the electric vehicle swapping station's internal power consumption and energy storage system, there is a surplus of electricity. In this case, the photovoltaic system can be controlled to release the generated electricity back into the grid to improve power utilization and increase the revenue of the swapping station.

[0128] In one embodiment, if the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system is detected to be less than a first preset amount, a first charging command is generated by a server. The server then sends the first charging command to a control device. If the first charging command indicates that charging is prohibited, the control device controls the photovoltaic system to prevent it from charging the energy storage system, thus instructing the photovoltaic system to stop charging the energy storage system.

[0129] For example, when the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system can only meet the electricity consumption of the electrical equipment in the battery swapping station, the electricity generated by the photovoltaic system should be used by the electrical equipment first, without needing to be stored in the energy storage system. In this case, the energy storage system can be charged through the grid to improve the utilization rate of electricity.

[0130] This concludes the explanation of the methods provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0131] The method provided in this application combines the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system, grid electricity price information, and the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system. By using the energy storage system to reduce the load on the electricity consumption side of the battery swapping station through peak shaving and valley filling, the power utilization rate is improved, the electricity cost is reduced, and the revenue of the battery swapping station is increased by feeding surplus electricity into the grid.

[0132] It should be understood that although the steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above are shown sequentially according to the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless explicitly stated herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and they can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some steps in the flowcharts of the embodiments described above may include multiple steps or multiple stages. These steps or stages are not necessarily completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but can be performed alternately or in turn with other steps or at least some of the steps or stages of other steps.

[0133] In one embodiment, this application also provides an electronic device, which includes: a processor and a memory storing computer program instructions; the processor implements the above-described charging and discharging control method when executing the computer program instructions.

[0134] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0135] The electronic device may include a processor 601 and a memory 602 storing computer program instructions.

[0136] Specifically, the processor 601 may include a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits that can be configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0137] Memory 602 may include mass storage for data or instructions. For example, and not limitingly, memory 602 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), floppy disk drive, flash memory, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, magnetic tape, or Universal Serial Bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, memory 602 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, memory 602 may be internal or external to the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a particular embodiment, memory 602 is non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0138] Memory may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), disk storage media devices, optical storage media devices, flash memory devices, and electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage devices. Therefore, typically, memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., memory devices) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the methods according to one aspect of this disclosure.

[0139] The processor 601 implements any of the charging and discharging control methods described in the above embodiments by reading and executing computer program instructions stored in the memory 602.

[0140] In one example, the electronic device may also include a communication interface 603 and a bus 610. For example, Figure 6 As shown, the processor 601, memory 602, and communication interface 603 are connected through bus 610 and complete communication with each other.

[0141] The communication interface 603 is mainly used to realize communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of this application.

[0142] Bus 610 includes hardware, software, or both, that couples components of an electronic device together. For example, and not limitingly, the bus may include an Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an Enhanced Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, a Front Side Bus (FSB), HyperTransport (HT) interconnect, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, an Infinite Bandwidth Interconnect, a Low Pin Count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a Microchannel Architecture (MCA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA) bus, a Video Electronics Standards Association Local (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses, or combinations of two or more of these. Where appropriate, bus 610 may include one or more buses. Although specific buses are described and illustrated in embodiments of this application, any suitable bus or interconnect is contemplated herein.

[0143] In one embodiment, this application also provides a readable storage medium storing computer program instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the above-described charging and discharging control method.

[0144] It should be clarified that this application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and shown in the figures. For the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods are omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of this application is not limited to the specific steps described and shown. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of steps, after understanding the spirit of this application.

[0145] The functional blocks shown in the above block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of this application are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. Programs or code segments can be stored on a machine-readable medium or transmitted over a transmission medium or communication link via data signals carried on a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, fiber optic media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. Code segments can be downloaded via computer networks such as the Internet, intranets, etc.

[0146] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe methods or systems based on a series of steps or apparatus. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps; that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0147] The above description, with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of an electric vehicle battery swapping system and charging / discharging control method according to embodiments of this application, illustrates various aspects of the present application. It should be understood that each block in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations thereof, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus to create a machine such that these instructions, executable by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, enable the implementation of the functions / actions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Such a processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor, or a field-programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations thereof, can also be implemented by dedicated hardware performing the specified functions or actions, or by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0148] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and not to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and they should all be covered within the scope of the claims and specification of this application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A battery swapping system for electric vehicles, characterized in that, The electric vehicle battery swapping system includes: a server, a charging and swapping system, an energy storage system, and control equipment; The server is communicatively connected to the control device and is used to generate charging and discharging commands for the energy storage system based on the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electricity price information of the power grid at different times. The control device is connected to the energy storage system and is used to receive charging and discharging commands issued by the server and control the energy storage system to charge and discharge. The charging and swapping system is connected to the power output terminal of the energy storage system and is used to charge the battery using the power stored in the energy storage system.

2. The electric vehicle battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charging and swapping system includes: a battery swapping mechanism, a battery storage mechanism, a charging mechanism, and a battery transfer mechanism; The battery swapping mechanism is used to remove the battery from the vehicle to be swapped when the vehicle to be swapped is detected to be located in the battery swapping area. The battery transfer mechanism is connected to the output end of the battery swapping mechanism and is used to transfer the battery taken out by the battery swapping mechanism to the battery storage mechanism. The battery storage mechanism is connected to the output end of the battery transfer mechanism and is used to store the batteries transferred by the battery transfer mechanism. The charging mechanism is connected to the first power input terminal of the battery storage mechanism via the first power output terminal of the charging mechanism, and is used to charge the battery stored in the battery storage mechanism.

3. The electric vehicle battery swapping system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The charging mechanism further includes: a second power input terminal and a third power input terminal; The second power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the energy storage system and is used to charge the battery using the power stored in the energy storage system. The third power input terminal is connected to the power output terminal of the power grid and is used to charge the battery using the power from the power grid.

4. The electric vehicle battery swapping system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric vehicle battery swapping system also includes a photovoltaic system, which comprises photovoltaic modules, a photovoltaic inverter, and a grid connection device. The photovoltaic module is used to convert light energy into electrical energy; The photovoltaic inverter is connected to the output terminal of the photovoltaic module and is used to invert and convert the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic module. The grid-connected device is connected to the output terminal of the photovoltaic inverter and is used to transmit the electrical energy converted by the inverter to the power grid.

5. The electric vehicle battery swapping system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes: a battery, an energy storage converter, a grid-connected transformer, and energy management components; The grid-connected transformer is connected to the power output terminal of the photovoltaic system and is used to convert the voltage of the power generated by the photovoltaic system and store the converted power into the battery. The storage battery is connected to the power output terminal of the grid-connected transformer and the power output terminal of the power grid, and is used to store the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system and the electrical energy obtained from the power grid. The energy storage converter is connected to the battery and is used to receive charging and discharging commands issued by the control device to control the charging and discharging of the battery. The energy management component is used to receive charging and discharging commands sent by the control device to control the grid-connected transformer to perform voltage conversion and to control the energy storage converter to charge and discharge the battery.

6. The electric vehicle battery swapping system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The energy storage system also includes a fire suppression system, which is connected to the battery and is used to extinguish the fire in the battery in the event of a fire in the energy storage system.

7. The electric vehicle battery swapping system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The battery in question is a cascade battery.

8. The electric vehicle battery swapping system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The energy storage system includes: a first power output terminal and a second power output terminal, wherein... The energy storage system is connected to the power input terminal of the charging and swapping system through the first power output terminal, and is used to charge the battery in the charging and swapping system. The energy storage system is also used to transmit the electrical energy stored in the energy storage system to the power grid through the second power output terminal.

9. The electric vehicle battery swapping system according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, The charging and swapping system, the photovoltaic system, the energy storage system, and the control equipment are connected via an AC bus.

10. The electric vehicle battery swapping system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The electric vehicle battery swapping system also includes: The vehicle charging system is connected to the control device via a communication link, and is also connected to the charging and swapping system, the photovoltaic system, and the energy storage system via the AC bus. The vehicle charging system is used to charge vehicles that need to be charged.

11. A charging and discharging control method, characterized in that, Applied to the electric vehicle battery swapping system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, the method includes: The server analyzes the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electricity price information of the power grid at different times to generate charging and discharging instructions. The server sends the charging and discharging commands to the control device. During the charging and discharging period indicated by the charging and discharging command, the energy storage system is controlled to charge and discharge by the control device.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The step involves analyzing the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electricity price information of the power grid at different times through the server, and generating charging and discharging instructions, including: The server analyzes the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the corresponding electricity price information at different times to determine the charging and discharging periods of the energy storage system. The server generates charge / discharge instructions that include the charge / discharge period.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The charging and discharging period includes at least a first discharging period and a first charging period. The electric vehicle battery swapping system also includes a photovoltaic system. The step of determining the charging and discharging period of the energy storage system by analyzing data from the server on the battery swapping frequency and corresponding electricity price information of the charging and swapping system at different times, including: The server analyzes the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the corresponding electricity price information at different times to determine the first discharge period of the energy storage system. The server determines the first charging period for the photovoltaic system to charge the energy storage system by measuring the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different times and the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The step of analyzing data from the server regarding the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different time periods and the corresponding electricity prices for those periods to determine the first discharge period of the energy storage system includes: The server is used to obtain the first battery swapping period when the battery swapping frequency is greater than or equal to the preset battery swapping frequency. The server determines the first electricity price corresponding to the first battery swapping period from the electricity price information corresponding to the different time periods. If the first electricity price is higher than the first preset electricity price, the server determines that the first battery swapping period is the first discharge period.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, After obtaining the first battery swapping period where the battery swapping frequency is greater than or equal to the preset battery swapping frequency through the server, the method further includes: The server is used to obtain a second battery swapping period when the battery swapping frequency is less than the preset battery swapping frequency. The server determines the second electricity price corresponding to the second battery swapping period from the electricity price information corresponding to the different time periods. If the second electricity price is higher than the first preset electricity price, the server generates a first discharge command. The server sends the first discharge command to the control device. During the second battery swapping period indicated by the first discharge command, the energy storage system is controlled by the control device to discharge to the grid.

16. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that, The step of determining the first charging period for the photovoltaic system to charge the energy storage system by using the server to analyze the battery swapping frequency of the charging and swapping system at different time periods and the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system includes: The server determines the time periods in which the electricity price is greater than or equal to the second preset electricity price from the electricity price information corresponding to the different time periods. If the power generated by the photovoltaic system is detected to be greater than or equal to a first preset power, but less than or equal to a second preset power, the server determines the electricity price period as the first charging period. The first preset power is the power consumption of the electric vehicle battery swapping station, and the second preset power is the sum of the power consumption of the station and the power stored in the energy storage system.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, After determining, via the server, the electricity price periods in which the electricity price is greater than or equal to the second preset electricity price from the electricity price information corresponding to the different time periods, the method further includes: If the electrical energy generated by the photovoltaic system is detected to be greater than the second preset power, a second discharge command is generated by the server. The server sends the second discharge command to the control device. During the electricity price period indicated by the second discharge command, the photovoltaic system is controlled by the control equipment to discharge to the grid.

18. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that, After determining, via the server, the electricity price periods in which the electricity price is greater than or equal to the second preset electricity price from the electricity price information corresponding to the different time periods, the method further includes: If the power generated by the photovoltaic system is detected to be less than the first preset power, a first charging command is generated by the server. The server sends the first charging command to the control device. If the first charging command indicates that charging is prohibited, the control device controls the photovoltaic system to prevent it from charging the energy storage system.

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