Method for hoisting super-long steel pile through combination of gantry crane and crawler crane

Abstract

The invention provides a method for hoisting an ultra-long steel pile by combining a gantry crane and a crawler crane, and relates to the technical field of offshore oil engineering construction, comprising the following steps: a steel pile construction site is in a coverage range of the gantry crane, and the arrangement direction of the steel pile during construction is vertical to the girder direction of the gantry crane; according to the steel pile hoisting position and the steel pile gravity center position, determining the initial positions of a gantry crane and a trolley thereof and the positions of crawler cranes on the two sides of the steel pile; the distance between the pulling position and the gravity center of the steel pile is determined through trial calculation of finite element software on a hoisting model so as to ensure that the allowable strength requirement of the steel pile can be met in the hoisting operation process. During implementation, trial hoisting is firstly carried out, the steel pile is hoisted away from the cushion pier by a small distance, whether the steel pile is consistent with a theoretical calculation result or not is determined according to reading of a sensor on a crane, and formal hoisting operation is started after trial hoisting is guaranteed to be safe. According to the technical scheme, the problem that an ultra-long steel pile cannot be integrally hoisted due to the conditions that the length is large, the number of large crawler cranes is insufficient and the like can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of offshore oil engineering construction technology, and in particular to a method for using a gantry crane and a crawler crane to lift ultra-long steel piles. Background Technology

[0002] Steel piles are a common structural element in marine engineering, typically serving as the foundation for offshore jacket platforms. Currently, with the increasing development of jacket platforms towards deeper water, the construction of ultra-long steel piles is becoming more prevalent. The packaging and hoisting of steel piles is a crucial step in the construction and transportation process. Key considerations in this step include the safety and efficiency of the hoisting method, its ease of implementation, and its efficient use of site resources.

[0003] Currently, the overall hoisting of ultra-long steel piles is generally achieved through the collaborative hoisting of multiple large crawler cranes. This method is limited by the capacity of the crawler crane closest to the center of gravity—a large crawler crane with strong capabilities is needed as the main hoist near the center of gravity, and a large number of large crawler cranes are required. For sites that have both gantry cranes and crawler cranes, using only crawler cranes to hoist ultra-long steel piles is a waste of site resources, and the cost of using only crawler cranes is also relatively high. In addition, it is impossible to complete the hoisting of ultra-long steel piles using only gantry cranes.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of high cost of using only crawler cranes to lift ultra-long steel piles, and how to make full use of crane resources when lifting and packing ultra-long steel piles in sites that have both gantry cranes and crawler cranes, has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the cost of using only crawler cranes to lift ultra-long steel piles is high, and that the crane resources of sites with both gantry cranes and crawler cranes cannot be fully utilized when lifting and packing ultra-long steel piles. In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, a method for lifting ultra-long steel piles by combining gantry cranes and crawler cranes is provided.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A method for jointly lifting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane, comprising the following steps: S1. The steel pile construction site is within the coverage area of ​​the gantry crane, and the arrangement direction of the steel piles during construction is perpendicular to the direction of the gantry crane beam; determine the initial position of the gantry crane and its trolley, as well as the stationing positions of the crawler cranes on both sides of the steel pile, based on the lifting position and center of gravity of the steel pile; determine the lifting operation space and crane travel route based on the crawler crane's operating radius, overlift radius, boom length parameters, and the final packaged and positioned position of the steel pile, and clear the site in advance; S2. Based on finite element analysis, determine the theoretically possible locations for the two crawler cranes and the corresponding loads borne by the hooks of each crane. S3. Both gantry cranes and crawler cranes use wire rope hoisting to lift the steel piles, with wire ropes used to hoist the steel piles under each hook; S4. Before the formal hoisting, a trial hoisting is required. Use a gantry crane and two large crawler cranes to lift the steel piles away from the pier by a preset distance. After the steel piles are stable, check the readings of the sensors on each hook to confirm whether the actual force on each crane on site matches the theoretical calculation results. S5. During the lifting process, all cranes need to rise and fall synchronously and slowly. In addition, during the horizontal lifting process after the steel pile is lifted, the trolley on the gantry crane and the crawler crane also need to move synchronously and slowly. S6. In the final stage of the hoisting operation, the extra-long steel piles need to be stably placed on the packing frame before the slings are unhooked. After all the steel piles are packed, the packed steel piles can be transported away using an SPMT trolley.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S2: The vertical load borne by the two hooks on the gantry crane trolley should account for 60% to 70% of the total weight of the steel pile, and the load on the two hooks on the trolley should be balanced to ensure that the actual hook head loads on the two hooks are equal.

[0008] Furthermore, the position of the crawler crane hook and the hook force on each hook of the crawler crane and gantry crane can be calculated using simple formulas and tested with finite element software. This calculation method is characterized by including the following: Let the hook forces on the four hooks be respectively , , , These correspond to the hook forces on hooks 1 and 2 of the gantry crane trolley and hooks 3 and 4 of the crawler crane, respectively. The self-weight of the steel pile is G, and the horizontal distances between the four hook pull positions and the center of gravity of the steel pile are respectively... , , , Because the hooks of gantry cranes and crawler cranes are symmetrical about their centers of gravity, , Furthermore, the hook head force of the gantry crane's No. 1 and No. 2 hooks Two tracked crane hooks ; According to the vertical force balance, Based on symmetry, the relationship between the hook head forces of the gantry crane's No. 1 and No. 2 hooks and the crawler crane's hook head force is as follows: The sum of the forces exerted by the gantry crane hooks should account for 60% to 70% of the total weight of the steel piles. Under this condition, the steel piles experience ideal stress. Based on this, the following selection can be made first. and The value of makes From this, we can obtain , , , The specific value; and Select half of the maximum horizontal distance that can be obtained between the two hooks of the gantry crane trolley, that is... and It can be considered a definite value, with only one remaining. and unknown; because and , and These are two sets of forces symmetrical about the center of gravity; the equations derived from torque balance cannot provide any explanation for their relationship with the forces. , Relevant valid information, and It is necessary to use other known quantities to perform modeling and trial calculations in finite element software; when performing trial calculations in finite element software, a bisection method should be used to gradually determine the values. and The range of values ​​for .

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3: Three sections of wire rope are used under each hook, requiring a total of twelve wire ropes. The wire ropes are connected by shackles to form a U-shaped rope loop, which is used to pull the steel pile. The capacity, diameter, and length of the wire rope are determined according to the weight and diameter of the steel pile.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S4: If there is a discrepancy, it is necessary to lower each crane, place the steel pile on the pad, readjust the wire rope to the appropriate sling position, and then carry out the hoisting. Furthermore, in step S4, during the trial lifting, the hoist needs to be kept at a preset low height for a period of time after lifting.

[0011] Furthermore, if the steel pile is not kept horizontal during the trial lifting, the height of each hook should be adjusted in time to maintain the horizontal position of the steel pile during lifting.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S6: The strength of the packaging frame needs to be calculated in advance, and its strength must meet the requirements for transporting the steel piles.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The method described in this invention can realize the hoisting of ultra-long steel piles and ensure that the hoisting is carried out safely and efficiently; it saves the resources of large crawler cranes that need to be invested, lowers the threshold for implementation, and saves costs; for sites that have both large gantry cranes and crawler cranes, it makes full use of site resources. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a general layout diagram of the crane and a rigging layout diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the gantry crane hoisting process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the crawler crane hoisting process according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the implementation method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions herein are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0017] Refer to the appendix of the invention Figure 1-4 As shown, this invention discloses a method for jointly lifting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane, used to complete the lifting and packaging of ultra-long steel piles. The specific implementation steps of this invention are as follows: The first step is to ensure that the steel pile construction site is within the coverage area of ​​the gantry crane, and that the arrangement direction of the steel piles during construction is perpendicular to the direction of the gantry crane beam. The initial positions of the gantry crane and its trolley, as well as the positions of the crawler cranes on both sides of the steel pile, are determined based on the lifting position and center of gravity of the steel pile. The lifting operation space and crane travel route are determined based on the crawler crane's operating radius, overlift radius, boom length parameters, and the final packaged and positioned position of the steel pile. The site is cleared in advance.

[0018] See attached document Figure 1 As shown, a gantry crane is used as the main hoist for lifting ultra-long steel piles, and the two hooks of the gantry crane trolley are arranged symmetrically about the center of gravity of the steel piles; in addition, two crawler cranes are used as auxiliary hoists for lifting the two ends of the steel piles, and the positions of the crawler cranes are also symmetrical about the center of gravity of the steel piles.

[0019] Theoretical calculations were performed based on the weight and center of gravity of the steel piles, the parameters of the gantry crane and crawler crane, the site layout, and other known information. Through simple calculations combined with finite element software, the theoretically optimal placement of the two crawler cranes and the corresponding loads on each crane hook were determined. The specific calculation method is as follows: See attached document Figure 1 As shown, let the hook forces on the four hooks be respectively , , , These correspond to the hook forces on hooks 1 and 2 of the gantry crane trolley and hooks 3 and 4 of the crawler crane, respectively. The maximum weight of a single steel pile is G = 715 tons (including a weight uncertainty factor of 1.05). The horizontal distances between the four hook sling positions and the center of gravity of the steel pile are respectively... , , , .

[0020] The gantry crane uses only the two hooks on the trolley to symmetrically pull the steel pile at a position 8.5 meters to either side of its center of gravity (the maximum distance between the two hooks on the gantry crane trolley is 17 meters). Furthermore, because the two hooks are symmetrical about the center of gravity, the hook head force on both hooks is... ; The crawler crane should be positioned symmetrically about the center of gravity of the steel piles, i.e. The head force of the two tracked hooks should also be equal. .

[0021] According to the vertical force balance, because , ,so and The following relationship exists between them. Based on experience, the sum of the hook forces of the gantry crane should account for 60% to 70% of the total weight of the steel pile, and the load on the two hooks on the trolley should be balanced to ensure that the actual hook head loads on the two hooks are equal. Under these conditions, the stress on the steel pile and the lifting posture are more ideal. Based on this, a selection can be made first. and The value of makes In this embodiment, take tons, from which we can obtain tons; , ;because and , and These are two sets of forces symmetrical about the center of gravity; the equations derived from torque balance cannot provide any explanation for their relationship with the forces. Relevant valid information, therefore The specific value needs to be obtained through modeling and trial calculations in finite element software using other known quantities. During the trial calculation process, The value range is 0~68m. The bisection method is used, and the initial value is... Trial calculations were conducted step by step, and the final selection was made based on the results. The crane layout is shown in the appendix. Figure 1 .

[0022] It should be noted that the information given in this step... , The given value applies only to the gantry crane used in this embodiment; for other sites, adjustments need to be made based on the parameters of the gantry crane used. , , , , The value is only applicable to this embodiment; The second step, based on the determined crawler crane layout, is to further determine whether the lifting site has sufficient space for the crawler crane to move during the lifting of the extra-long steel piles. This step needs to consider information such as the lifting height of the steel piles, the interference space from nearby structures, and the length of the crawler crane boom. If there is insufficient space, the site needs to be replanned. Figure 1 The arrangement of crawler cranes at both ends of the steel piles; The third step, after determining the overall hoisting layout, is to select appropriate slings based on the hook force of each crane. In this embodiment of the invention, a wire rope loop is used to connect the hooks and steel piles: three sections of wire rope are connected to each hook, and the wire ropes are connected by two shackles to form a U-shaped wire rope loop. The gantry crane's upper trolley uses 3 wire ropes of Φ120mm*16mm each, with a rated load of 1497.6KN and 2 150T shackles, for hook number one; 3 wire ropes of Φ120mm*16mm each, with a rated load of 1497.6KN and 2 150T shackles, for hook number two; 3 wire ropes of Φ90mm*16mm each, with a rated load of 850KN and 2 85T shackles, for hook number three; and 3 wire ropes of Φ90mm*16mm each, with a rated load of 850KN and 2 85T shackles, for hook number four. The fourth step, during actual on-site hoisting, is to conduct a trial lift after the cranes are in place and the slings are configured. During the trial lift, the two crawler cranes and one gantry crane should rise approximately synchronously, and the steel pile should remain roughly horizontal during the lifting process. The steel pile should be lifted off the pier, ensuring the lowest point of the pile is at least 200mm above the pier, and maintained in a stable position for at least 30 seconds. During the trial lift, the hook force readings on the crane sensors must be continuously monitored. If the hook force deviates significantly from the theoretical calculation, the trial lift should be immediately terminated, and the crawler crane positions adjusted according to the crane readings. It should be noted that the trial lift height and duration given in this step are only reference values ​​and can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0023] Fifth, after the trial lift is completed, if no special circumstances arise, continue lifting the hooks of the gantry crane and crawler crane until the lowest point of the steel pile reaches a height of more than 1 meter above the support pier; stop lifting, and the three cranes begin to move synchronously, horizontally lifting the steel pile to the packaging position, as shown in the attached document. Figure 2 and appendix Figure 3 As shown. During the synchronous movement of the cranes, multiple crane operators are required to coordinate and direct the operation. All cranes should move slowly to ensure that they move in roughly the same direction (i.e., ensure that the gantry crane trolley and crawler crane move slowly and in sync). If necessary, the movement can be paused for a short adjustment to maintain synchronization before continuing to move the cranes.

[0024] The sixth step, in the final stage of the hoisting operation, requires the extra-long steel piles to be stably placed on the packing frame before the slings are unhooked. After all the steel piles are packed, an SPMT trolley can be used to transport the packed steel piles away. The strength of the packing frame needs to be calculated in advance, and its strength must meet the transportation requirements of the steel piles.

[0025] The implementation process of the method in this invention is shown in the appendix. Figure 4 .

[0026] The method described in this invention is applicable to the hoisting of ultra-long steel piles. The steel piles are long enough that they cannot be hoisted by a single or two cranes. Based on the cases implemented with this method, it is ensured that this method can be applied to ultra-long steel piles with a length of approximately 154 meters, a diameter of 2.6 meters, and a weight of approximately 680 tons.

[0027] The method described in this invention solves the problem of the inability to lift ultra-long steel piles using only a gantry crane for sites with both gantry cranes and crawler cranes. It enables the lifting of ultra-long steel piles while ensuring safe and efficient operation. Simultaneously, it avoids the need to use three or more large crawler cranes to lift ultra-long steel piles, saving on the required large crawler crane resources, lowering the barrier to implementation, and reducing costs. Furthermore, it makes full use of site resources for sites with both large gantry cranes and crawler cranes. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for jointly hoisting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The steel pile construction site is within the coverage area of ​​the gantry crane, and the arrangement direction of the steel piles during construction is perpendicular to the direction of the gantry crane beam; determine the initial position of the gantry crane and its trolley, as well as the stationing positions of the crawler cranes on both sides of the steel pile, based on the lifting position and center of gravity of the steel pile; determine the lifting operation space and crane travel route based on the crawler crane's operating radius, overlift radius, boom length parameters, and the final packaged and positioned position of the steel pile, and clear the site in advance; S2. Based on finite element analysis, determine the theoretically possible locations for the two crawler cranes and the corresponding loads borne by the hooks of each crane. S3. Both gantry cranes and crawler cranes use wire rope hoisting to lift the steel piles, with wire ropes used to hoist the steel piles under each hook; S4. Before the formal hoisting, a trial hoisting is required. Use a gantry crane and two large crawler cranes to lift the steel piles away from the pier by a preset distance. After the steel piles are stable, check the readings of the sensors on each hook to confirm whether the actual force on each crane on site matches the theoretical calculation results. S5. During the lifting process, all cranes need to rise and fall synchronously and slowly. In addition, during the horizontal lifting process after the steel pile is lifted, the trolley on the gantry crane and the crawler crane also need to move synchronously and slowly. S6. In the final stage of the hoisting operation, the extra-long steel piles need to be stably placed on the packing frame before the slings are unhooked. After all the steel piles are packed, the packed steel piles can be transported away using an SPMT trolley.

2. The method for jointly hoisting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2: The vertical load borne by the two hooks on the gantry crane trolley should account for 60% to 70% of the total weight of the steel pile, and the load on the two hooks on the trolley should be balanced to ensure that the actual hook head loads on the two hooks are equal.

3. The method for jointly hoisting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane according to claim 2, characterized in that, The position of the crawler crane hook and the hook force on each hook of the crawler crane and gantry crane can be calculated using a simple formula and then tested using finite element software. This calculation method is characterized by including the following: Let the hook forces on the four hooks be respectively , , , These correspond to the hook forces on hooks 1 and 2 of the gantry crane trolley and hooks 3 and 4 of the crawler crane, respectively. The self-weight of the steel pile is G, and the horizontal distances between the four hook pull positions and the center of gravity of the steel pile are respectively... , , , Because the hooks of gantry cranes and crawler cranes are symmetrical about their centers of gravity, , Furthermore, the hook head force of the gantry crane's No. 1 and No. 2 hooks Two tracked crane hooks ; According to the vertical force balance, Based on symmetry, the relationship between the hook head forces of the gantry crane's No. 1 and No. 2 hooks and the crawler crane's hook head force is as follows: The sum of the forces exerted by the gantry crane hooks should account for 60% to 70% of the total weight of the steel piles. Under this condition, the steel piles experience ideal stress. Based on this, the following selection can be made first. and The value of makes From this, we can obtain , , , The specific value; and Select half of the maximum horizontal distance that can be obtained between the two hooks of the gantry crane trolley, that is... and It can be considered a definite value, with only one remaining. and unknown; because and , and These are two sets of forces symmetrical about the center of gravity; the equations derived from torque balance cannot provide any explanation for their relationship with the forces. , Relevant valid information, and It is necessary to use other known quantities to perform modeling and trial calculations in finite element software; when performing trial calculations in finite element software, a bisection method should be used to gradually determine the values. and The range of values ​​for .

4. The method for jointly hoisting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3: Three sections of wire rope are used under each hook, requiring a total of twelve wire ropes. The wire ropes are connected by shackles to form a U-shaped rope loop, which is used to pull the steel pile. The capacity, diameter, and length of the wire rope are determined according to the weight and diameter of the steel pile.

5. The method for jointly hoisting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4: If there is a discrepancy, it is necessary to lower each crane, place the steel pile on the support pier, readjust the wire rope to the appropriate sling position, and then carry out the hoisting.

6. The method for jointly hoisting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, during the trial lifting, the hoist needs to be kept at a preset low height for a period of time after lifting.

7. The method for jointly hoisting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane according to claim 6, characterized in that, If the steel pile is not kept horizontal during the trial lifting, the height of each hook should be adjusted in time to maintain the horizontal position of the steel pile during lifting.

8. The method for jointly hoisting ultra-long steel piles using a gantry crane and a crawler crane according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6: The strength of the packaging frame needs to be calculated in advance, and its strength must meet the requirements for transporting the steel piles.

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