Device for vibration isolation of fragile and large ruin body and construction method of device

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for vibration isolation of a fragile and large ruin body and a construction method of the device. Relates to the technical field of building vibration isolation, and comprises a buffer vibration isolation barrier arranged between a ruin body and a vibration source and used for blocking or weakening propagation of external vibration waves; the seepage-proofing and vibration-reducing curtain is arranged between the ruin body and the underground water seepage and migration path; the fabricated steel structure supporting system is arranged in the ruin body; and the surface layer repairing structure is used for repairing surface structure diseases of the ruin body. The system has the beneficial effects that systematic protection is achieved, specifically, a buffering vibration isolation barrier, an anti-seepage vibration reduction curtain, a reversible steel structure supporting system and a surface repairing structure are integrated into a cooperative comprehensive technical system; according to the scheme, multiple dimensions of vibration source isolation, moisture migration control, internal structure stability enhancement, surface durability improvement and the like can be achieved, and all-dimensional and multi-level systematic protection of the high-risk fragile large ruin body is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building vibration isolation technology, specifically to a device and its construction method for vibration isolation of fragile large archaeological sites. Background Technology

[0002] Ancient cultural sites are historical witnesses and material carriers of human civilization, irreplaceable and invaluable cultural heritage, possessing significant historical, artistic, and scientific value. Common problems faced by large, fragile archaeological sites due to material degradation, natural environment, and human activities include:

[0003] 1) External vibrations, such as those generated by freight railways, heavy-load highways, and engineering construction, pose a significant threat to the surrounding environment and the structure of the site, especially the fragile site itself, which may cause structural instability and local collapse of its exposed surface. 2) Moisture seepage: Groundwater seepage and hydraulic erosion caused by groundwater level fluctuations and atmospheric rainfall cause the surface soil of the site to continuously undergo freeze-thaw cycles, wet-dry cycles and soluble salt crystallization, thereby accelerating the deterioration of the surface of the site. 3) The site itself is not stable enough. Affected by external vibrations, water seepage, material deterioration and other factors, the site has suffered from structural instability, partial collapse, hollowing and cracking.

[0004] Existing conservation measures often treat various types of damage in isolation, lacking a holistic and systematic approach. For example, in terms of vibration isolation, traditional methods such as vibration isolation trenches and continuous concrete vibration isolation walls significantly damage the surrounding environment and are ineffective at isolating low-frequency vibrations. Regarding groundwater infiltration, the main approach is to block surface water infiltration to replenish groundwater, thereby slowing the rise of the groundwater level and reducing water infiltration. However, this approach cannot completely and effectively block groundwater infiltration in a specific direction and is easily limited by site conditions, making construction impossible. In terms of structural reinforcement, modern materials such as cement and epoxy resin are often used for grouting or anchoring. These materials have high hardness, poor aging resistance, and are prone to producing soluble salts, often leading to protective damage. For surface damage repair, commonly used organic materials (epoxy resin, polyacrylic resin, etc.) have good adhesion and high fluidity, but poor durability and reversibility. Inorganic materials, on the other hand, pose risks such as high soluble salt content, material performance mismatch, and poor permeability. Especially for fragile large archaeological sites that are simultaneously threatened by vibration and water damage, there is a lack of a systematic solution that can address these problems in a coordinated manner. Therefore, a safe construction technology solution that can take into account vibration isolation and damping, moisture isolation and seepage prevention, structural stability enhancement and surface damage repair, and strictly follow the principles of "minimal intervention" and "reversibility" in cultural relic protection is very necessary and urgent.

[0005] To address the above issues, there is an urgent need for a device and its construction method for vibration isolation of fragile large archaeological sites. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a device and its construction method for vibration isolation of fragile large archaeological sites, solving the significant deficiencies in existing technologies: existing protection measures often treat various defects in isolation, lacking holistic and systematic consideration.

[0007] Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for vibration isolation of a fragile large archaeological site, comprising: a buffer vibration isolation barrier disposed between the archaeological site and the vibration source to block or reduce the propagation of external vibration waves; a seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain disposed between the archaeological site and the groundwater seepage path; a prefabricated steel structure support system disposed inside the archaeological site; and a surface repair structure for repairing surface structural defects of the archaeological site.

[0008] Furthermore, the buffer vibration isolation barrier is composed of multiple rows of hollow vibration isolation piles arranged continuously in a quincunx pattern.

[0009] Furthermore, the hollow vibration isolation pile has a circular cross-section with a hollow cavity structure inside, and the pile body material is PVC pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain is an ultra-thin, continuous, flexible layer formed by injecting non-aqueous reactive two-component polymer grouting material.

[0011] Furthermore, the steel structure support system includes: at least two steel strip support systems arranged longitudinally in a "U" shape; at least one layer of steel strip hooping system arranged circumferentially in an "O" shape and forming a mesh structure with the steel strip support systems; a bottom protection plate support structure formed by the steel strip support systems crossing at the bottom and conforming to the shape of the pit bottom; and an anti-overturning anchor reinforcement structure connecting the steel strip hooping system to the site itself.

[0012] Furthermore, the contact areas between the steel belt support system and the steel belt clamping system and the site itself are all covered with flexible cushioning pads made of breathable sponge.

[0013] A method for constructing a vibration isolation device for a fragile large archaeological site includes the following steps: S1: Hollow vibration isolation piles are continuously installed on one side of the vibration source outside the site protection area to form a buffer vibration isolation barrier; S2: Excavate trenches around the site and inject polymer grouting material to form a seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain; S3: Assemble a steel structure support system inside the site and install a flexible buffer layer in the parts that come into contact with the site. S4: Repair and reinforce areas of instability, collapse, and crack development on the surface of the site.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S1, the layout parameters of the hollow vibration isolation piles are customized according to the external vibration frequency and amplitude of the site area.

[0015] Furthermore, step S2 includes: Use a Luoyang shovel to drill trenches of the designed thickness in sections, ensuring the overlap of adjacent hole molds; A non-aqueous reactive two-component polymer grouting material is injected into the trench using a static injection method.

[0016] Furthermore, step S4 includes: for unstable and collapsed areas, precast adobe bricks are used for masonry repair starting from the base of the cellar wall; for structural cracks, grouting material is used for filling and reinforcement.

[0017] Beneficial effects The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Systematic protection: By integrating the buffer vibration isolation barrier, the seepage prevention and vibration reduction curtain, the reversible steel structure support system and the surface repair structure into a comprehensive technical system that works together, this solution can achieve all-round, multi-level systematic protection of the high-risk and fragile archaeological site from multiple dimensions such as vibration source isolation, moisture migration control, internal structural stability enhancement and surface durability improvement.

[0018] (2) The unity of high strength and reversibility: By adopting a prefabricated, reversible steel structure support system and its constituent steel strip support system, steel strip clamping system and bottom protective plate support structure, the reinforcement structure can provide strong structural support that is difficult to achieve by traditional methods. Furthermore, due to its detachable design, it realizes the core requirement of "reversibility" in cultural relic protection projects, effectively solving the long-standing problem of the contradiction between protection strength and the reversibility of measures.

[0019] (3) High-efficiency low-frequency vibration isolation: By using PVC pipe piles with built-in cavities arranged in a specific manner to form a buffer vibration isolation barrier, the buffer vibration isolation barrier can form a significant wave impedance difference with the surrounding soil, thereby providing a superior isolation effect against typical low-frequency vibrations generated by vibration sources such as railways that harm the site, surpassing traditional solid piles or vibration isolation trenches.

[0020] (4) Integration of vibration reduction and seepage prevention technologies: By setting up a seepage prevention and vibration reduction curtain made of flexible polymer materials underground around the site, the seepage prevention and vibration reduction curtain can effectively block the seepage path of underground capillary water on the one hand, and its own elasticity can act as an isolation layer on the other hand, thus realizing the dual functions of seepage prevention and reinforcement and blocking the propagation of high frequency and broadband vibration waves simultaneously.

[0021] (5) Minimal intervention: By placing core engineering measures such as buffer vibration isolation barriers and seepage prevention and vibration reduction curtains mainly underground, most construction activities have minimal impact on the historical features, original topography and landscape environment of the above-ground part of the site, strictly adhering to the principle of "minimal intervention" in cultural relic protection.

[0022] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of the buffer vibration isolation barrier of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a partial schematic diagram of the anti-seepage and vibration-damping curtain of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction process of the present invention.

[0028] Figure reference numerals: 1. Vibration source; 2. Buffer and vibration isolation barrier; 3. Waterproof and vibration reduction curtain; 4. Steel structure support system; 41. Steel strip support system; 42. Steel strip clamping system; 43. Bottom protection plate support structure. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a device for vibration isolation of a fragile large archaeological site, comprising: a buffer vibration isolation barrier 2 disposed between the archaeological site and the vibration source 1, for blocking or reducing the propagation of external vibration waves; 3. A seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain is installed between the site itself and the underground water seepage path; 4. Prefabricated steel structure support system installed inside the site itself; And surface repair structures used to repair surface structural defects of the site itself.

[0031] In the specific implementation, for a cellar site adjacent to a railway line, a buffer vibration isolation barrier 2 was planned and constructed on the outer perimeter of its protected area, on the side close to the railway vibration source 1; a ring-shaped anti-seepage and vibration reduction curtain 3 was constructed on the possible water seepage path around the site; a reversible, prefabricated steel structure support system 4 was installed inside the cellar walls and bottom of the site; at the same time, adobe bricks were used to repair the local unstable and collapsed areas of the cellar walls, and grouting was used to reinforce the developed cracks, thus completing the surface repair.

[0032] Reversible measures: For example, the use of a prefabricated steel structure support system 4. It acts like a precisely tailored "external skeleton" or "scaffolding" for the site, providing external support through components such as the steel band support system 41 and the steel band clamping system 42. These components are fixed together with bolts or special connectors, rather than being permanently bonded to the site itself. If future dismantling is necessary, it can be disassembled sequentially, restoring the site to its original state.

[0033] Furthermore, the buffer vibration isolation barrier 2 is composed of multiple rows of hollow vibration isolation piles arranged continuously in a quincunx pattern.

[0034] In its implementation, the vibration isolation barrier 2 is constructed as follows: three rows of hollow vibration isolation piles are arranged in a quincunx pattern on the side of the site adjacent to the railway line. The hollow vibration isolation piles are made of PVC pipes with an outer diameter of 100 mm and an inner diameter of 80 mm. The net row spacing between the piles is 100 mm, and the pile spacing is also 100 mm. The final hollow vibration isolation pile wall has a total length of 9.1 meters, a total width of 0.5 meters, and a depth of 10 meters, effectively blocking ground vibration waves generated by train travel.

[0035] Furthermore, the hollow vibration isolation pile has a circular cross-section with a hollow cavity structure inside, and the pile body material is PVC pipe.

[0036] In practical implementation, the hollow vibration isolation piles selected have a circular cross-section and an internal cavity structure containing air.

[0037] The pile body is made of PVC pipe of a specific specification to ensure that the pile body has sufficient durability and strength, and can utilize its cavity structure to achieve wave impedance effect, effectively attenuating the propagation of vibration waves.

[0038] Furthermore, the seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain 3 is an ultra-thin, continuous, flexible layer formed by injecting non-aqueous reactive two-component polymer grouting material.

[0039] In practice, the construction method of the anti-seepage and vibration reduction curtain 3 is as follows: on the circular path designed around the site, use a Luoyang shovel to drill holes with a diameter of 15 to 20 centimeters and a depth that meets the design requirements in sections, and the holes interlock with each other.

[0040] After drilling, a non-aqueous reactive two-component polymer grouting material is injected into the hole. After the material undergoes a chemical reaction, its volume expands rapidly, filling and solidifying into a polymer sheet. The sheets of adjacent holes are tightly bonded together, eventually forming a continuous, ultra-thin polymer flexible seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain 3, which plays a dual role in seepage prevention and high-frequency vibration reduction.

[0041] Furthermore, the steel structure support system 4 includes: At least two steel strip support systems arranged longitudinally in a "U" shape 41; At least one layer of steel band clamping system 42 arranged in an "O" shape and forming a mesh structure with the steel band support system 41; A bottom support structure 43 formed by steel strip support system 41 intersecting at the bottom and conforming to the shape of the cellar bottom; And the anti-overturning anchor reinforcement structure connecting the steel band hooping system 42 to the site itself.

[0042] In practical implementation, the steel structure support system 4 is constructed as follows: A U-shaped longitudinal stainless steel strip is arranged on the north and south sides and east and west sides of the pit wall, serving as a steel strip support system 41, with the two strips intersecting at 90°. An O-shaped circumferential stainless steel strip is installed at the top of the pit and in the middle of the pit wall, serving as a steel strip hooping system 42, which is welded to the longitudinal steel strip support system 41 to form an integrated mesh structure. The bottoms of the two U-shaped longitudinal steel strips at the bottom of the pit are welded and fixed to a fan-shaped bottom protective plate support structure 43, which is placed on the pit floor to evenly distribute the load. The O-shaped circumferential steel strip hooping system 42 at the top of the pit is securely connected to the main body of the site through multiple anti-overturning anchors to prevent structural collapse.

[0043] Furthermore, the contact areas between the steel belt support system 41 and the steel belt clamping system 42 and the site body are all provided with flexible cushioning pads made of breathable sponge.

[0044] In practice, thickened sponge was pre-laid as a flexible buffer layer on all surfaces of the stainless steel steel band support system 41 and steel band clamping system 42 that come into contact with the soil of the site.

[0045] The flexible buffer layer serves two purposes: firstly, it provides physical isolation and stress distribution, preventing the steel structure from directly compressing and damaging the fragile surface of the site; secondly, it ensures the permeability of the surface soil. This flexible buffer layer is anchored to the steel structure and the site itself.

[0046] refer to Figure 5 A construction method for a vibration isolation device for a fragile large archaeological site includes the following steps: S1: Hollow vibration isolation piles are continuously installed on one side of vibration source 1 outside the site protection area to form a buffer vibration isolation barrier 2; S2: Excavate trenches around the site and inject polymer grouting material to form a seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain 3; S3: Install a steel structure support system 4 inside the site and set up a flexible buffer pad for the parts that come into contact with the site. S4: Repair and reinforce areas of instability, collapse, and crack development on the surface of the site.

[0047] In practice, the method follows these steps in sequence: first, the pile location is marked out, holes are drilled and cleaned on the side adjacent to the railway, and then PVC pipes are manually inserted to form a three-row quincunx-shaped buffer vibration isolation barrier 2.

[0048] Then, holes were drilled around the site using a Luoyang shovel and polymer materials were poured in to form a continuous seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain.

[0049] Then, a reversible steel structure support system 4, consisting of "U"-shaped and "O"-shaped stainless steel strips, was installed inside the site's cellar, and a sponge cushioning pad was laid on the contact surface.

[0050] The unstable cellar walls were then repaired with adobe bricks, and the cracks were reinforced with modified yellow mud grouting to complete the overall construction.

[0051] Furthermore, in step S1, the layout parameters of the hollow vibration isolation piles are customized according to the external vibration frequency and amplitude of the site area.

[0052] In specific implementation, the design process of step S1 is as follows: In view of the main impact of the vibration of the nearby railway trains on the site of the cellar, taking into account the vibration frequency, amplitude characteristics and the limitations of the on-site construction site, a scheme of arranging three rows of plum blossom-shaped hollow vibration isolation piles on one side of the site was determined.

[0053] Specific layout parameters, such as pile diameter, row spacing, pile spacing, depth, and total scale, are all customized based on vibration attenuation calculations and site conditions, aiming to achieve the optimal wave impedance vibration isolation effect.

[0054] Furthermore, step S2 includes: Use a Luoyang shovel to drill trenches of the designed thickness in sections, ensuring the overlap of adjacent hole molds; A non-aqueous reactive two-component polymer grouting material is injected into the trench using a static injection method.

[0055] In practice, step S2 involves manually driving a Luoyang shovel into the ground to the designed depth, creating a hole with a diameter of 15-20 centimeters, according to the design requirements. During construction, it is ensured that adjacent holes interlock and overlap.

[0056] After drilling, a non-aqueous reactive two-component polymer grouting material is injected into the hole using a static injection method. The material expands and solidifies inside the hole and bonds with the material of adjacent holes, thereby forming a continuous seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain 3.

[0057] Furthermore, step S4 includes: for unstable and collapsed areas, precast adobe bricks are used for masonry repair starting from the base of the cellar wall; for structural cracks, grouting material is used for filling and reinforcement.

[0058] In practice, step S4 includes two specific repair processes: For unstable and collapsed areas, firstly, the loose soil is cleared, and then precast adobe bricks with a size of about 40 cm × 20 cm × 10 cm are prepared by adding lime to the collapsed soil of the site. Starting from the base of the cellar wall, modified yellow mud is used as a bonding material for masonry, and the gaps are filled with plain soil and vibrated.

[0059] For structural cracks and hollow areas, first clean and moisten the cracks, then fill them in batches with modified yellow mud slurry mixed with water-reducing agent, fly ash and sesame fibers. Each layer is compacted with a prefabricated bamboo pole until it is full and slightly higher than the surface or effectively backseats the hollow layer.

[0060] Material mixing tests were conducted before construction to ensure that the repair strength was appropriate, the color was harmonious, and the cracks were minimal.

[0061] Construction Example: Technical Measures and Construction Scheme for Vibration Isolation and Seepage Prevention Project at the Luoyang Hanjiacang No. 160 Cellar Site I. Underground Vibration Isolation Technology Around the Site One implementation of the peripheral vibration isolation technology in this invention is as follows: A construction boundary line is planned and laid out on the side adjacent to the vibration source 1 (railway) outside the protected site area. A series of pile holes are formed along this line, and hollow PVC pipe vibration isolation piles are manually inserted, ensuring that adjacent piles are connected to each other, ultimately forming three continuous, underground buffer vibration isolation barriers 2.

[0062] 1) Design. The main external vibration factor affecting the site is the vibration source 1 from trains traveling on the adjacent railway line. To mitigate this vibration, and considering the limited space of the construction site, a buffer vibration barrier 2 is constructed by installing hollow vibration isolation piles on the side of the site adjacent to the railway line. The vibration isolation piles constituting the buffer vibration barrier 2 are hollow piles made of PVC pipe, with an outer diameter of 100mm and an inner diameter of 80mm. They are arranged in three rows in a quincunx pattern, with a net row spacing of 100mm and a pile spacing of 100mm. The buffer vibration barrier 2 has a total length of 9.1m, a total width of 0.5m, and a depth of 10m.

[0063] 2) Construction. The construction process is as follows: pile location surveying and elevation control, drilling rig positioning, drilling, hole cleaning and inspection of hole quality, placement of vibration isolation piles and inspection of pile quality.

[0064] a) Pile location surveying and elevation control A construction plane control network was established, and the site baselines and benchmarks, axis lines, pile positions, and pile ground elevations were checked. The polar coordinate method was used to lay out each pile hole. To ensure accuracy, each pile had to be positioned three times. After positioning and elevation determination, the axis lines, pile positions, and elevations were verified and recorded.

[0065] b) Drilling rig in place The homemade drilling rig operates as follows: Cutting tools on the bottom and side openings of the drill bucket cut through the rock and soil, with the cut material entering the drill bucket through the openings. Once the drill bucket is full of drill cuttings, the drill bit is raised to the borehole opening using the telescopic drill rod to remove the soil. The drill bucket is then lowered back down to the bottom of the hole to continue drilling. This process is repeated until the designed borehole depth is reached.

[0066] c) Drilling After the drilling rig is in place, adjust the verticality of the drill rod, and then begin drilling. The process involves rotating the drill bucket, cutting soil, lifting, and unloading the soil, repeating this cycle until a hole is formed. The specific operation is as follows:

[0067] (A) Drilling of pile holes shall be carried out in accordance with the established construction sequence. Drilling of pile holes shall not be carried out arbitrarily without the consent of the construction sequence.

[0068] (B) Install the drill bit and adjust the verticality. The drilling rig is now in working condition. Check all parameters to ensure that the drilling rig is working properly.

[0069] (C) Move the drilling rig to align the center of the drill bit with the center of the pile position. The center of the pile position is crossed by the cross-shaped pile protection line. The alignment is considered complete when the deviation between the two points on the same vertical line is within the allowable deviation range of the acceptance standard.

[0070] (D) During the construction process, special attention should be paid to the verticality of the hole to ensure the quality of the hole.

[0071] (E) During the drilling process, it is necessary to pay attention to geological changes at any time, accurately judge the strata conditions, prevent accidents such as borehole collapse caused by misjudgment of the strata, and adjust the performance indicators of the mud and drilling technology at any time according to changes in geological conditions to ensure the quality of borehole formation.

[0072] (F) Drilling should be carried out continuously. If drilling is stopped for any reason, construction should be resumed as soon as possible, and the changes in the surface soil around the pile hole should be checked frequently to prevent the hole wall from collapsing. After drilling is completed, the vibration isolation piles that constitute the buffer vibration isolation barrier 2 should be inserted as soon as possible.

[0073] (G) Various records should be kept during the drilling process.

[0074] d) Clean the hole and inspect the hole quality. First, after drilling to the designed depth, the geological conditions must be verified. Simultaneously, loose drill cuttings at the bottom of the hole must be thoroughly removed. This involves placing the drill bit at the bottom of the hole and allowing it to idle before lifting the drill rod to remove the cuttings and complete the drilling. The site supervisor and technical personnel must be notified in advance upon completion of the drilling so that the hole depth can be measured immediately; this depth represents the actual drilling depth without sediment. Second, after a period of settling, before manually inserting the vibration isolation piles, the hole should be cleaned using a slag removal method. A drilling rig should be used to lower a cylindrical drill bit to the bottom of the hole for slag removal. When the slag removal reaches the final hole depth, the drill bit should be allowed to idle to remove any loose cuttings at the bottom of the hole. After cleaning, a hole inspection should be conducted. The horizontal position of the pile hole should be re-measured using a guide line, and the hole diameter, depth, and sediment thickness should be checked to ensure that the hole quality meets the acceptance standards.

[0075] e) Install vibration isolation piles and test the pile quality. In this project, the vibration isolation piles were installed manually. After drilling was completed, the hollow vibration isolation piles that constitute the buffer vibration isolation barrier 2 were manually inserted into the holes drilled by the drilling rig, and the quality of the vibration isolation piles was checked.

[0076] II. Underground seepage prevention technology around the site Based on the geological survey report and seepage prevention design requirements, holes with a diameter of 15-20 cm were drilled in sections to the designed depth along potential water seepage paths around the site. When the shovel was lifted, a tube of soil was brought out from the inside of the shovel head. During construction, it was ensured that the holes interlocked. After drilling, a non-aqueous reactive two-component polymer grouting material was injected into the holes. This material rapidly expands in volume after a chemical reaction, filling and solidifying the grouting holes to form polymer sheets. The polymer sheets formed in adjacent holes are tightly bonded together, forming a continuous, ultra-thin seepage prevention and vibration reduction curtain 3. Utilizing the excellent water permeability resistance and elasticity of the polymer grouting solid, the seepage prevention and vibration reduction curtain 3 effectively blocks the migration of underground capillary water and attenuates high-frequency vibrations, thus achieving the dual purpose of seepage prevention and auxiliary vibration reduction.

[0077] III. Reinforcement Techniques for the Structure of the Site One implementation of the structural reinforcement technology in this invention involves installing a reversible, prefabricated steel structure support system 4 inside the pit wall to preventatively reinforce the site. This system specifically includes: a U-shaped longitudinal steel band support system 41 arranged on the north and south sides and the east and west sides of the pit wall, intersecting at 90°. An O-shaped circumferential steel band hooping system 42 is installed at the top of the pit and in the middle of the pit wall. The steel band hooping system 42 is welded to the steel band support system 41, forming a stable whole. The steel band hooping system 42 at the top of the pit is also securely connected to the site via anti-overturning anchors. At the bottom of the pit, the two U-shaped longitudinal steel band support systems 41 are fixed to a fan-shaped stainless steel plate, forming a bottom support structure 43 that conforms to the shape of the pit bottom. The weight of the entire steel structure support system 4 is evenly transferred to the bottom of the pit through the bottom protective plate support structure 43, ensuring that the steel structure is subjected to uniform force and the force transmission path is reasonable, thereby effectively preventing the overall instability of the pit wall that may occur.

[0078] At all points where the stainless steel components (i.e., the steel band support system 41 and the steel band clamping system 42) come into contact with the site itself, thickened sponge is pre-filled as a flexible buffer layer. This flexible buffer layer ensures the permeability of the surface soil of the site and buffers stress, preventing damage from the steel plates and contamination of the pit wall surface soil. Furthermore, to further enhance stability, auxiliary steel structural supports can extend from the bottom protective plate support structure 43 of the pit floor, and are supported at the cracked pit floor steps using stainless steel plates and thickened sponge to prevent the cracked soil at the bottom of the pit from collapsing. The surfaces of all steel structural components must be concealed to minimize their impact on the site's appearance.

[0079] IV. Surface Restoration Techniques for the Site After completing the construction of the buffer vibration isolation barrier 2, the seepage prevention and vibration reduction curtain 3, and the steel structure support system 4, in order to restore the appearance of the site to the greatest extent and ensure its long-term stability, it is necessary to repair the existing structural defects on the surface of the site. In this embodiment, the following technical measures are mainly adopted for patching and sealing cracks and re-attaching hollow areas with adobe bricks:

[0080] Methods of repairing damaged earth and brick masonry Implementation steps: A. Remove loose soil and other debris from the areas where the brickwork has been repaired, either by manually picking it up or by blowing it with an air compressor; B. Preparation of adobe bricks: The standard size of adobe bricks is generally 40cm×20cm×10cm. The specific size can be flexibly determined according to the object to be built. Modified yellow clay is used as the bonding material. C. The gaps between the adobe bricks and the cellar wall should be filled with plain soil and compacted with a steel rod. Materials: The adobe bricks are made from collapsed or landslide soil from the archaeological site, with appropriate amounts of lime added. The material ratio is determined based on experimental conditions. The experiments examine the shrinkage, cracking, and strength of the adobe bricks after drying and consolidation. The crack width should be controlled within 5mm as a benchmark, and the strength should be slightly lower than the original site strength. The adobe brick materials must be thoroughly mixed and allowed to stand for longer.

[0081] Quality standard: The adobe brick masonry is closely integrated with the main body of the site, enhancing the structural stability of the site.

[0082] Sealing cracks and re-applying hollow materials A. Remove loose soil and other contaminants from the hollow cracks; B. Spray water to moisten the inside of cracks and hollow areas to facilitate the bonding of new and old soil. C. Fill the cracks and hollows with the sealing material in batches from bottom to top. Each layer should not be more than 10cm thick. The next batch of grouting can be carried out only after the previous layer of sealing material has solidified. D. After the sealing material is filled into the crack, it is compacted using a prefabricated bamboo pole; E. The crack sealing area should be slightly higher than the surrounding area by 5cm, and the hollow area should be effectively bonded with the peeling layer.

[0083] Materials: Modified yellow clay is used, comprising clay, water-reducing agent, and fly ash, with an appropriate amount of sesame fibers added. The particle size of the original soil selected should be determined according to the width of the crack. The crack sealing material must be tested on-site before large-scale construction. The optimal mix ratio should be selected as the construction material based on the bond strength between the old and new soil after protection treatment and the cracking parameters after consolidation.

[0084] Quality standards: The appearance color changes slightly but remains identifiable; the strength is significantly increased, serving as an adhesive layer for removing hollow areas.

[0085] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0086] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for vibration isolation of a fragile large archaeological site, characterized in that: include: A buffer vibration isolation barrier (2) is set between the site body and the vibration source (1) to block or reduce the propagation of external vibration waves; (3) A seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain is set between the site and the underground water seepage path. (4) A prefabricated steel structure support system installed inside the site. And surface repair structures used to repair surface structural defects of the site itself.

2. The device for vibration isolation of a fragile large archaeological site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer vibration isolation barrier (2) is composed of multiple rows of hollow vibration isolation piles arranged in a plum blossom pattern.

3. The device for vibration isolation of a fragile large archaeological site according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow vibration isolation pile has a circular cross-section with a hollow cavity structure inside, and the pile body material is PVC pipe.

4. The device for vibration isolation of a fragile large archaeological site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain (3) is an ultra-thin, continuous, flexible layer formed by injecting non-aqueous reactive two-component polymer grouting material.

5. The device for vibration isolation of a fragile large archaeological site according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel structure support system (4) includes: At least two steel strip support systems arranged in a "U"-shaped longitudinal cross (41); At least one layer of steel band clamping system (42) arranged in an "O" shape and forming a mesh structure with the steel band support system (41); A bottom support structure (43) formed by the steel strip support system (41) crossing at the bottom and conforming to the shape of the cellar bottom. And the anti-overturning anchor reinforcement structure connecting the steel band hooping system (42) to the site body.

6. The device for vibration isolation of a fragile large archaeological site according to claim 5, characterized in that: The steel band support system (41) and the steel band clamping system (42) are all provided with flexible cushioning pads made of breathable sponge at the contact points with the site body.

7. A construction method for a vibration isolation device for a fragile large archaeological site, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Hollow vibration isolation piles are continuously installed on one side of the vibration source (1) outside the site protection area to form a buffer vibration isolation barrier (2). S2: Excavate trenches around the site and inject polymer grouting material to form a seepage-proof and vibration-damping curtain (3). S3: Assemble a steel structure support system (4) inside the site and set up a flexible buffer pad for the parts in contact with the site; S4: Repair and reinforce areas of instability, collapse, and crack development on the surface of the site.

8. A construction method for a vibration isolation device for a fragile large archaeological site according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the layout parameters of the hollow vibration isolation piles are customized according to the external vibration frequency and amplitude of the site area.

9. A construction method for a vibration isolation device for a fragile large archaeological site according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S2 includes: Use a Luoyang shovel to drill trenches of the designed thickness in sections, ensuring the overlap of adjacent hole molds; A non-aqueous reactive two-component polymer grouting material is injected into the trench using a static injection method.

10. A construction method for a vibration isolation device for a fragile large archaeological site according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step S4 includes: for unstable and collapsed areas, precast adobe bricks are used for masonry repair starting from the base of the cellar wall; for structural cracks, grouting material is used for filling and reinforcement.

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