Perpendicularity detection device for special-shaped open caisson structure

Abstract

A special-shaped open caisson structure verticality detection device disclosed by the present invention comprises an open caisson composed of an arc-shaped structure and a square structure, two parallel guide rails are fixedly connected in the open caisson, an earth cutting device is arranged between the two guide rails, the earth cutting device comprises a machine body capable of moving transversely and longitudinally, and the bottom of the machine body is a cutter head for rotatably cutting earth. Vertical receiving targets are arranged on the arc-shaped structure and the square structure at intervals; one end of the guide rail is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped guide rod; the arc-shaped guide rod is slidably connected with a moving seat, a counter-force device is arranged on one side of the moving seat, and the counter-force device forms lateral supporting on the excavation face of the cutter head. Through the arrangement of the counter-force device, the resistance of lateral thrust cutting of the residual face is increased, and the perpendicularity and balance stability in the open caisson construction process is further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of verticality detection technology for caisson construction, and in particular to a verticality detection device for irregularly shaped caisson structures. Background Technology

[0002] A caisson is a cylindrical structure that is formed by excavating soil into the well, allowing it to sink to the designed elevation under its own weight to overcome the frictional resistance of the well wall, and then sealing the bottom with concrete and filling the well hole to make it the foundation of the structure. It is commonly used in the construction of large foundation pits, sewage pumping stations, large equipment foundations, civil defense shelters, shield tunnel assembly shafts, and hydraulic foundations and retaining structures for underground tracks and stations.

[0003] The technical challenge of constructing irregularly shaped caissons lies in the fact that during the sinking process, the weight difference between the two sides of the caisson causes it to tilt to one side due to the center of gravity shifting to one side. Therefore, it is particularly important to coordinate vertical inspection and excavation work during the caisson construction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a verticality detection device for irregularly shaped caisson structures, thereby solving the problems existing in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A verticality detection device for an irregularly shaped caisson structure includes a caisson composed of an arc-shaped structure and a square structure. Two parallel guide rails are fixedly connected inside the caisson, and a digging device is set between the two guide rails. The digging device includes a body that can move laterally and longitudinally, and a rotating cutter head at the bottom of the body. Vertical receiving targets are set at intervals between the arc-shaped structure and the square structure. One end of the guide rail is fixedly connected to an arc-shaped guide rod, and an elevation reference is set at one end of the arc-shaped guide rod; The arc-shaped guide rod is slidably connected to the movable seat, and a reaction device is provided on one side of the movable seat. The reaction device provides lateral support to the excavation surface of the cutterhead.

[0006] Preferably, the movable seat is driven to move on the arc-shaped guide rod by a hydraulic rod or a walking motor.

[0007] Preferably, the reaction device includes a vertical plate, which is fixedly connected to one side of the movable seat. The vertical plate is provided with a vertical groove, and a support block is slidably connected in the vertical groove. A vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate. The telescopic end of the vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the support block. A wedge block is hinged to the lower end of the support block. An adjusting cylinder is hinged between the upper side of the wedge block and the support block.

[0008] Preferably, one side of the wedge block has an arc-shaped structure and is adapted to the cutting surface of the cutter head.

[0009] Preferably, a pressure sensor is provided at the extension and retraction end of the regulating cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, a spiral slag discharger is installed on one side of the excavation device.

[0011] Preferably, the reaction force device works in conjunction with the hoisting device and the excavation device to lower the caisson, and the elevation benchmark and vertical receiving target detection work together with the detection instrument to control the caisson's descent.

[0012] The advantages of this invention are as follows: The verticality detection device for irregular caisson structures provided by this invention uses a cutterhead to cut the soil horizontally and longitudinally below the caisson excavation outline, thereby clearing the soil below the caisson cavity. After clearing, the soil remaining in the cutterhead excavation outline is removed by the pressure of the cutting edge at the bottom of the caisson during the caisson's lowering process. Since the cutterhead has a circular structure, an elliptical residual surface will appear for square structures. This elliptical residual surface area provides support for the square structure on the heavier side. Therefore, the thickness of the residual surface affects the balance and verticality of the caisson during the lowering process. Since the residual surface still needs to be removed eventually, and the caisson is easily tilted by relying solely on the suspension control of multiple cranes above, the reaction force device increases the resistance to the lateral cutting of the residual surface, further improving the verticality and balance stability during the caisson construction process.

[0013] Furthermore, the support block rises or falls in the vertical chute to adjust the support position of the wedge block on the residual surface. In conjunction with the adjusting cylinder, the wedge block forms an inclination angle A with the residual surface. The size of the inclination angle A affects the magnitude of the support force. The soil cut by the sinking of the caisson collapses towards the center of the caisson cavity. Therefore, the height and angle of the wedge block can provide different support forces. The caisson is dynamically adjusted during the sinking process, and the caisson is lowered in layers. With the monitoring of the vertical and water surface in the embodiment, the caisson construction can achieve balanced and stable sinking. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the caisson of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the reaction device in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the soil cutting direction at the bottom of the square structure and the wedge-shaped block support. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0016] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides a verticality detection device for an irregularly shaped caisson structure, comprising a caisson composed of an arc-shaped structure 1 and a square structure 2, wherein the square structure 2 has a greater self-weight on one side than the arc-shaped structure 1. Conventional hoisting devices are cranes or winches, which are prone to displacement during sinking of this type of caisson. Two parallel guide rails 3 are fixedly connected inside the caisson, and a digging device 4 is set between the two guide rails 3. The digging device 4 includes a body 41 capable of moving laterally and longitudinally. The movement of the body 41 on the guide rails 3 is a prior art. The bottom of the body 41 is a rotating cutterhead 42 for cutting soil. A spiral slag discharger 43 is set on one side of the body of the digging device 4. The spiral slag discharger 43 transports the soil in the soil chamber of the cutterhead 42 to a basket, which is then lifted to the ground for transfer. After the cutterhead 42 empties the soil in the caisson, it facilitates the sinking of the caisson under its own weight. Vertical receiving targets 5 are set at intervals between the arc-shaped structure 1 and the square structure 2. The vertical receiving targets 5 are used in conjunction with existing detection instruments, such as laser plumb bobs, to monitor the verticality of different positions of the caisson. One end of the guide rail 3 is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped guide rod 6, and the other end of the arc-shaped guide rod 6 is set with an elevation reference 7. Multi-point elevation measurement forms a plane control, which, together with verticality monitoring, ensures that the caisson descends in accordance with the requirements. The arc-shaped guide rod 6 is slidably connected to the movable seat 8. The movable seat 8 is driven to move on the arc-shaped guide rod 6 by a hydraulic rod or a walking motor. A reaction device 9 is set on one side of the movable seat 8. The reaction device 9 provides lateral support to the excavation surface of the cutter head 42. The reaction device 9 works in conjunction with the hoisting device and the excavation device 4 to lower the caisson. The elevation benchmark 7 and the vertical receiving target 5 detect and control the caisson's descent with the detection instrument. The hoisting device and the detection instrument are existing technologies. The caisson is lowered with the assistance of the hoisting device. The cutting edge at the bottom of the caisson cuts the soil remaining after the cutter head 42 has cut the soil.

[0017] This invention uses a cutterhead 42 to cut the soil horizontally and vertically below the caisson excavation outline, clearing the soil below the caisson cavity. After clearing, the remaining soil from the excavation outline is removed by the cutting edge at the bottom of the caisson during its lowering process. Since the cutterhead 42 has a circular structure, an elliptical residual surface 10 will appear on the square structure 2. This elliptical residual surface 10 provides support to the heavier side of the square structure 2. Therefore, the thickness of the residual surface 10 affects the balance and verticality of the caisson during its lowering process. Since the residual surface 10 still needs to be removed eventually, relying solely on the suspension control of multiple cranes above can easily cause the caisson to tilt. By setting up the reaction device 9, the resistance to the lateral cutting of the residual surface 10 is increased, further improving the vertical and balance stability during the caisson construction process.

[0018] In Example 1, the reaction device 9 uses a conventional top block and a backing plate to support the side of the residual surface 10.

[0019] Example 2 like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the reaction device 9 includes a vertical plate 91, which is fixedly connected to one side of the movable seat 8. The vertical plate 91 is provided with a vertical slide groove 92, and a support block 93 is slidably connected in the vertical slide groove 92. A vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate 91, and the telescopic end of the vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the support block 93. A wedge block 94 is hinged to the lower end of the support block 93. An adjusting cylinder 95 is hinged between the upper side of the wedge block 94 and the support block 93. A pressure sensor 96 is provided at the telescopic end of the adjusting cylinder 95.

[0020] The wedge block 94 has an arc-shaped structure on one side and is adapted to the cutting surface of the cutter head 42, which is used to support the residual surface 10 of the arc-shaped structure.

[0021] In embodiment 2, the support block 93 rises or falls in the vertical slide 92, and the movable seat 8 changes position on the arc-shaped guide rod 6. The support at different positions provides different magnitudes of support force and support effect, which is used to adjust the support position of the wedge block 94 on the residual surface 10. In conjunction with the adjusting cylinder 95, the wedge block 94 and the residual surface 10 form an inclination angle A. The magnitude of the inclination angle A affects the magnitude of the support force. The soil cut by the sinking of the caisson is as follows: Figure 4 The collapse occurs in the direction indicated by the arrow, so the height and angle of the wedge block 94 can provide different support forces. During the sinking process, the caisson is dynamically adjusted and lowered in layers. Combined with the vertical and water surface monitoring in Example 1, the caisson construction can achieve balanced and stable sinking.

[0022] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A verticality detection device for an irregularly shaped caisson structure, comprising a caisson composed of an arc-shaped structure (1) and a square structure (2), with two parallel guide rails (3) fixedly connected inside the caisson, and a digging device (4) disposed between the two guide rails (3). The digging device (4) includes a body (41) capable of moving laterally and longitudinally, and a rotating cutterhead (42) at the bottom of the body (41). The device is characterized by: A vertical receiving target (5) is set at intervals between an arc-shaped structure (1) and a square structure (2); One end of the guide rail (3) is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped guide rod (6), and the other end of the arc-shaped guide rod (6) is provided with an elevation reference (7). The arc-shaped guide rod (6) is slidably connected to the movable seat (8), and a reaction device (9) is provided on one side of the movable seat (8). The reaction device (9) provides lateral support to the excavation surface of the cutter head (42).

2. The verticality detection device for an irregularly shaped caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable seat (8) moves on the arc-shaped guide rod (6) by means of a hydraulic rod or a walking motor.

3. The verticality detection device for an irregularly shaped caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction device (9) includes a vertical plate (91), which is fixedly connected to one side of the movable seat (8). The vertical plate (91) is provided with a vertical groove (92), and a support block (93) is slidably connected in the vertical groove (92). A vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the vertical plate (91), and the telescopic end of the vertical cylinder is fixedly connected to the support block (93). A wedge block (94) is hinged to the lower end of the support block (93), and an adjusting cylinder (95) is hinged between the upper side of the wedge block (94) and the support block (93).

4. The verticality detection device for an irregularly shaped caisson structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The wedge block (94) has an arc-shaped structure on one side and is adapted to the cutting surface of the cutter head (42).

5. The verticality detection device for an irregularly shaped caisson structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (96) is installed at the extension end of the regulating cylinder (95).

6. The verticality detection device for an irregularly shaped caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spiral slag discharger (43) is installed on one side of the body (41) of the excavating device (4).

7. The verticality detection device for an irregularly shaped caisson structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction device (9) works in conjunction with the hoisting device and the excavation device (4) to lower the caisson. The elevation benchmark (7) and the vertical receiving target (5) work together with the detection instruments to control the caisson's descent.

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