An automatic down-the-hole drilling apparatus

Abstract

This invention discloses an automatic down-the-hole drilling device for handling drill cuttings, belonging to the field of ground blasting construction technology. It includes a traveling mechanism, a vertical propulsion mechanism, a drill cuttings collection and discharge mechanism, and a drill rod mechanism. The drill rod mechanism has a spiral blade on its outer side, with a rubber isolation ring at its end, and a rubber sealing ring at the end of the outer cylinder. During drilling, the down-the-hole drill bit breaks the rock strata under high-pressure gas drive. The rubber isolation ring and the rubber sealing ring form a dynamically sealed drill cuttings receiving area at the bottom of the hole. The rotating spiral blade pushes the drill cuttings upwards from this area, through an annular channel between the outer cylinder and the rod, and finally continuously discharged from the slag discharge port at the top of the outer cylinder to the drill cuttings collection and discharge mechanism. This device, through a combination of internal mechanical conveying and pneumatic assistance, achieves a closed-loop operation of drill cuttings generation, collection, transportation, and discharge, effectively avoiding drill cuttings residue and fall back into the hole, significantly improving the efficiency and hole quality of deep-hole drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of ground blasting construction technology, specifically relating to a downward drilling device for automatically handling drill cuttings. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of ground blasting construction, downward drilling is a crucial preliminary step in blasting operations. Its main task is to drill boreholes at predetermined locations that meet the required depth and diameter to facilitate the subsequent placement of explosive materials. Traditional blasting drilling equipment creates holes by impacting or rotating the drill bit against the rock strata. Especially in mining, tunneling, and geotechnical engineering, these devices must adapt to complex and changing ground environments and ensure the verticality and stability of the borehole walls, which are crucial for blasting effectiveness and construction safety. With technological advancements, drilling methods have evolved from early manual chiseling and hammering to mechanized and automated equipment driven by hydraulics or electric motors, such as down-the-hole drills or multi-arm drilling rigs, significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0003] Vertical deep-hole drilling, especially in medium-hard or harder rock formations, still faces common challenges such as poor cuttings removal, easy drill cuttings falling back, and poor drilling continuity, directly affecting the drilling speed and quality. Current technical problems mainly focus on the timely removal of drill cuttings and the continuity of operations. Many existing drilling rigs rely on external suction or intermittent drill lifting for cuttings removal during downward drilling. This not only interrupts the workflow and reduces efficiency, but also causes drill cuttings to easily fall back to the bottom of the hole during lifting, resulting in repeated grinding, accelerated drill bit wear, and potentially causing stuck drill accidents. Furthermore, the lack of effective dust suppression during drilling affects the working environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic drilling cuttings handling device for downward drilling, which solves the problem of discontinuous cuttings discharge and its impact on hole formation efficiency and quality in traditional downward drilling operations.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] It includes a traveling mechanism, a vertical propulsion mechanism, a cuttings collection and distribution mechanism, and a drill pipe mechanism;

[0007] The traveling mechanism travels on the ground;

[0008] The vertical propulsion mechanism includes a hydraulic lifting column, a vertical beam, and a stepping seat. The hydraulic lifting column is fixed on the traveling mechanism, the vertical beam is fixedly installed on the side of the lifting end of the hydraulic lifting column, and the stepping seat moves vertically along the vertical beam by a motor drive.

[0009] The drill rod mechanism includes a rod body, an outer cylinder, a down-the-hole drill bit, a rubber sealing ring, a spiral blade, and a rubber isolation ring.

[0010] The rod body is hollow, with one end fixedly connected to the stepper seat and the other end slidably connected to the down-the-hole drill bit. The rod body is connected to the down-the-hole drill bit, which is subjected to impact rotation by high-pressure gas input to the rod body by an air pump. The spiral blade is arranged to rotate around the rod body, and the outer cylinder is coaxially arranged outside the spiral blade. The outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the stepper seat, and the rubber sealing ring is fixedly arranged around the outer cylinder at the end near the down-the-hole drill bit. The end of the rod body near the down-the-hole drill bit protrudes from the end of the outer cylinder, and the rubber isolation ring is fixedly arranged around the exposed end of the rod body. A slag discharge port is opened at the top of the outer cylinder.

[0011] The cuttings collection and discharge mechanism is connected to the slag discharge port.

[0012] Optionally, a chip removal drive mechanism is also included. The chip removal drive mechanism includes a curved tube, a chip removal drive shaft, a cyclone impeller, a primary chip removal tooth, a secondary chip removal tooth, and a rotating ring seat. The curved tube is fixedly disposed inside the stepper seat and communicates with the rod body. The other end of the curved tube is communicated with an air pump. The secondary chip removal tooth is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating ring seat. The rotating ring seat is rotatably disposed around the end of the rod body away from the down-the-hole drill bit. The end of the spiral blade is fixedly connected to the rotating ring seat. The chip removal drive shaft passes through the curved tube. The cyclone impeller is coaxially fixed in the middle section of the chip removal drive shaft and located inside the curved tube. One end of the chip removal drive shaft passes out from the bend of the curved tube and is coaxially and fixedly connected to the primary chip removal tooth. The primary chip removal tooth meshes with the secondary chip removal tooth. High-pressure gas drives the cyclone impeller to rotate through the curved tube.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a cuttings collection and distribution mechanism, which includes a connecting chamber and a telescopic cylinder. The connecting chamber is hollow inside and is fixedly disposed on the upper outer side of the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is connected to the connecting chamber and is cut off and hollowed out inside the connecting chamber. The upper end of the telescopic cylinder is connected to the connecting chamber. The telescopic cylinder includes several cylinder segments, which are slidably connected along the telescopic direction by being slidably disposed on the inner side on the outer side. The telescopic cylinder extends parallel to the lower end of the vertical beam.

[0014] Optionally, the cuttings collection and distribution mechanism further includes a diffusion chamber for containing cuttings, the bottom of the diffusion chamber being open, and the upper end of the diffusion chamber communicating with the lower end of the cylindrical section.

[0015] Optionally, the cuttings collection and stacking mechanism further includes a soft bottom ring, which has an axial accordion-fold structure and is fixedly installed along the bottom edge of the diffusion chamber.

[0016] Optionally, the cuttings collection and disposal mechanism further includes a scraper wheel assembly, which includes a rotating wheel and an array of scraping teeth fixed around the outside of the rotating wheel. The rotating wheel is rotatably disposed on one side of the spiral blade, and the scraping teeth near the spiral blade extend into the intervals between the spiral blades.

[0017] Optionally, the scraper assembly further includes a relief block and a relief spring. One of the relief blocks is rotatably connected to each end of the rotating shaft of the scraper assembly. Horizontal grooves are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the connecting compartment. The relief block is slidably disposed in the horizontal groove. The relief spring is supported on the side of the relief block away from the spiral blade.

[0018] Optionally, there are multiple rubber isolation rings, which are spaced apart on the exposed portion of the rod.

[0019] Optionally, the rubber isolation ring includes a rigid inner ring and a flexible outer ring, wherein the outer diameter of the rigid inner ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the flexible outer ring, and the rigid inner ring is coaxially fixed inside the flexible outer ring.

[0020] Optionally, there are two spiral blades, which are arranged alternately on the outside of the rod.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By forming a confined space through the rubber isolation ring and the sealing ring, combined with the mechanical transport of the spiral blades and pneumatic power, drill cuttings can be directly discharged from the point of generation, avoiding the problem of increased friction with the hole wall when traditional spiral drill rods are discharged externally. This is especially suitable for deep hole operations, reducing the risk of stuck drills and significantly improving the chip removal efficiency. The sealed chip removal reduces dust escape and lowers the pollution of the working face. At the same time, the rubber components buffer vibration, improve the durability of the device, and optimize safety and environmental protection. This device integrates the chip removal function into the drill rod system, simplifying reliance on external equipment and providing an efficient and low-consumption solution for blasting drilling.

[0022] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in the following description and will be apparent to those skilled in the art in some respects, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the following figures are provided for illustration:

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drilling device according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the drill pipe mechanism of this invention is provided.

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the drilling operation of the drill rod mechanism in this embodiment of the invention;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connected compartment in this invention embodiment;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stepper seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the diffusion chamber structure of this invention is provided.

[0030] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the rubber isolation ring sheet of this invention embodiment;

[0031] The following markings are shown in the attached diagram: A, Traveling mechanism; B1, Vertical beam; B11, Fixed connector; B2, Stepping seat; B3, Hydraulic lifting column; B4, Guide seat; B5, Front dustproof cylinder; C1, Rod body; C2, Outer cylinder; C21, Sealing ring retainer; C22, Support short rod; C23, Slag discharge port; C3, Down-the-hole drill bit; C4, Rubber sealing ring; C5, Spiral blade; C6, Rubber isolation ring; C61, Rigid inner... Ring; C62, Flexible outer ring; D1, Curved tube; D2, Chip removal drive shaft; D3, Cyclone impeller; D4, First-stage chip removal tooth; D5, Second-stage chip removal tooth; D6, Rotating ring seat; E1, Connecting bin; E11, Horizontal groove; E2, Telescopic cylinder; E21, Cylinder section; E3, Diffusion bin; E4, Soft bottom ring; E5, Scraper wheel assembly; E51, Rotary wheel; E52, Scraper tooth; E53, Relief block; E54, Relief spring. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-7 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and to facilitate understanding. They are not intended to limit the scope of the invention and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0034] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0035] This invention provides an automatic down-drilling device for handling drill cuttings, such as... Figures 1-4 As shown, the system includes a traveling mechanism A, a vertical propulsion mechanism, a cuttings collection and discharging mechanism, and a drill rod mechanism. The traveling mechanism A travels on the ground. The vertical propulsion mechanism includes a hydraulic lifting column B3, a vertical beam B1, and a stepping seat B2. The hydraulic lifting column B3 is fixed to the traveling mechanism A, and the vertical beam B1 is fixedly installed on the side of the lifting end of the hydraulic lifting column B3. The stepping seat B2 moves vertically along the vertical beam B1 driven by a motor. The drill rod mechanism includes a rod body C1, an outer cylinder C2, a down-the-hole drill bit C3, a rubber sealing ring C4, and a spiral blade C5. 5. A rubber isolation ring C6 is included. The rod body C1 is hollow. One end of the rod body C1 is fixedly connected to the stepper seat B2, and the other end is slidably connected to the down-the-hole drill bit C3. The rod body C1 communicates with the down-the-hole drill bit C3. The down-the-hole drill bit C3 is subjected to impact rotation by high-pressure gas input to the rod body C1 by an air pump. The spiral blade C5 is rotated around the rod body C1. There are two spiral blades C5, which are staggered on the outside of the rod body C1. The outer cylinder C2 is coaxially arranged on the spiral blades C5. On the outside, the outer cylinder C2 is fixedly connected to the stepper seat B2. The rubber sealing ring C4 is fixed around the outer end of the outer cylinder C2 near the end of the down-the-hole drill bit C3. Two sealing ring retaining rings C21 protrude at intervals on the outer end of the outer cylinder C2. The rubber sealing ring C4 is engaged between the two sealing ring retaining rings C21. The outer diameter of the rubber sealing ring C4 is larger than the inner diameter of the drill hole of the down-the-hole drill bit C3. One end of the rod body C1 near the down-the-hole drill bit C3 protrudes from the end of the outer cylinder C2. The rubber isolation ring plate... C6 is fixedly arranged around the exposed end of the rod C1. The outer diameter of the rubber isolation ring C6 is larger than the inner diameter of the hole of the hole-holding drill bit. The end of the spiral blade C5 facing the down-the-hole drill bit C3 contacts the rubber isolation ring C6. There is a gap between the outer cylinder C2 and the rubber isolation ring C6 for drill cuttings to enter. A supporting short rod C22 is fixedly connected between the outer cylinder C2 and the rubber isolation ring C6. A slag discharge port C23 is opened at the top of the outer cylinder C2. The drill cuttings collection and discharge mechanism is connected to the slag discharge port C23.

[0036] The automatic drill cuttings handling device for downward drilling of the present invention revolves around the core function of immediate internal discharge of drill cuttings. Through precise coordination between various mechanisms, it achieves efficient slag removal in vertical downward deep hole drilling operations. The following is a detailed analysis of the operation process: The traveling mechanism A carries the entire device to the preset drilling point, typically using a wheeled or tracked chassis to adapt to different ground conditions. After positioning, the hydraulic lifting column B3 first activates, adjusting the vertical beam B1 to its initial height. Subsequently, the stepper seat B2, driven by a motor, moves downward along the vertical beam B1, driving the drill rod mechanism fixed thereto to feed smoothly. The down-the-hole drill bit C3 impacts and breaks up the rock strata under high-pressure gas. At this time, the rubber isolation ring C6 forms an effective barrier at the beginning of the drill bit. The high-pressure airflow carries the newly generated drill cuttings upward, impacting and passing through the rubber isolation ring C6, where they are confined below the rubber sealing ring C4, forming a temporary, relatively closed "drill cuttings containment area," preventing the drill cuttings from scattering or falling back into the hole. As the drilling depth increases, the spiral blade C5, located on the outside of the rod C1, rotates synchronously downwards under the drive of the stepper seat B2. The end of the spiral blade C5 always maintains contact or a very small gap with the rubber isolation ring C6. When the drill cuttings accumulate to a certain extent in the "drill cuttings receiving area," the rotating spiral blade C5 effectively "grabs" the drill cuttings and guides them into the upward transport channel formed by the annular space between the outer cylinder C2 and the rod C1. During continuous rotation, the spiral blade C5 generates axial transport force, propelling the drill cuttings steadily upwards along this channel. In this process, high-pressure gas not only drives the drill bit but also partially infiltrates the drill cuttings flow, playing a certain role in pneumatically assisted transport, reducing friction between the drill cuttings and the channel wall, and improving transport efficiency. Finally, the drill cuttings are transported to the slag discharge port C23 at the top of the outer cylinder C2 and enter the drill cuttings collection and discharge mechanism for unified collection and processing. This "immediate production and discharge, internal transport" mode is significantly superior to the traditional external slag suction or intermittent drill-lifting and slag discharge method, ensuring the continuity of drilling operations. In summary, the operation of this drilling device is interconnected. Its innovative internal chip removal design constructs a dynamic sealing space near the drill bit through the rubber isolation ring C6 and the rubber sealing ring C4, and uses the spiral blade C5 for mechanical forced conveying, realizing direct, closed and continuous processing of drill chips from the generation point to the discharge point, which greatly improves drilling efficiency and operation quality.

[0037] In further proposals, such as Figure 5As shown, it also includes a chip removal drive mechanism, which includes a curved tube D1, a chip removal drive shaft D2, a cyclone impeller D3, a primary chip removal tooth D4, a secondary chip removal tooth D5, and a rotating ring seat D6. The curved tube D1 is fixedly installed inside the stepper seat B2 and communicates with the rod body C1. The other end of the curved tube D1 is connected to an air pump. The secondary chip removal tooth D5 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating ring seat D6. The rotating ring seat D6 is rotatably arranged around the rod body C1 away from the down-the-hole drill bit C3. At the end of the tube, the end of the spiral blade C5 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring seat D6. The chip removal drive shaft D2 passes through the curved tube D1. The cyclone blade D3 is coaxially fixed in the middle section of the chip removal drive shaft D2 and located inside the curved tube D1. One end of the chip removal drive shaft D2 passes out from the bend position of the curved tube D1 and is coaxially fixedly connected to the first-stage chip removal tooth D4. The first-stage chip removal tooth D4 meshes with the second-stage chip removal tooth D5. High-pressure gas drives the cyclone blade D3 to rotate through the curved tube D1.

[0038] During operation, when the high-pressure gas generated by the air pump flows through the curved tube D1, it drives the cyclone impeller D3 to rotate, which in turn transmits torque to the primary chip removal gear D4 via the chip removal drive shaft D2. The primary chip removal gear D4 drives the secondary chip removal gear D5, which meshes with it, to rotate, ultimately transmitting power to the rotating ring seat D6, which in turn drives the spiral blade C5, fixed to the rotating ring seat D6, to rotate. This design realizes the conversion of gas kinetic energy into mechanical energy. Its significance lies in the fact that the rotational power of the spiral blade C5 comes directly from the high-pressure gas used in the drilling itself, eliminating the need for an additional independent drive motor, simplifying the structure and reducing energy consumption. More importantly, this endogenous power ensures that the chip removal action is strictly synchronized with the drilling operation. The spiral blade C5 can promptly transport the drill cuttings accumulated between the rubber isolation ring C6 and the rubber sealing ring C4 upwards and discharge them through the slag discharge port C23 at the top of the outer cylinder C2, effectively avoiding problems such as drill cuttings blockage, increased friction, or even drill jamming caused by untimely chip removal. This mechanism offers a more direct and efficient power transmission path, and through the synergistic effect of gas flow and mechanical chip removal, it significantly improves the continuity and reliability of deep hole drilling.

[0039] In further proposals, such as Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, it also includes a cuttings collection and distribution mechanism, which includes a connecting chamber E1 and a telescopic cylinder E2. The connecting chamber E1 is hollow inside and is fixedly disposed on the upper outer side of the outer cylinder C2. The outer cylinder C2 is connected to the connecting chamber E1 and is cut off and hollowed out inside the connecting chamber E1. The upper end of the telescopic cylinder E2 is connected to the connecting chamber E1. The bottom side of the interior of the connecting chamber E1 slopes downward from the position connected to the outer cylinder C2 to the position connected to the telescopic cylinder E2. The telescopic cylinder E2 includes several cylinder segments E21. The several cylinder segments E21 are slidably connected along the telescopic direction by sliding on the outer side and on the inner side. The telescopic cylinder E2 extends parallel to the lower end of the vertical beam B1 and also includes a fixing member B11. The fixing member B11 is fixed to the lower end of the vertical beam B1, and the lowermost cylinder segment E21 is fixedly connected to the fixing member B11.

[0040] During operation, the drill cuttings collection and discharge mechanism demonstrates highly efficient dynamic cuttings removal capabilities. When the down-the-hole drill bit C3 impacts the rock formation, the drill cuttings generated are transported upwards to the top of the outer cylinder C2 under the combined action of high-pressure gas and the spiral blades C5. They then first enter the connecting chamber E1 through the slag discharge port C23 at the top of the outer cylinder C2. Due to the downward-sloping structure at the bottom of the connecting chamber E1, the drill cuttings entering E1 automatically slide towards the connection port with the telescopic cylinder E2 under gravity, preventing accumulation and blockage within the connecting chamber E1. Subsequently, the drill cuttings fall into the telescopic cylinder E2. As the drilling depth increases, the vertical propulsion mechanism drives the stepper seat B2 and the fixed outer cylinder C2 and connecting chamber E1 to move downwards together. At this point, since the lower end of the telescopic cylinder E2 is fixed to the vertical beam B1 via the fixed connector B11, and the vertical beam B1 is a fixed guide structure relative to the stepper seat B2, when the connecting chamber E1 moves downward, each section E21 of the telescopic cylinder E2 will move smoothly section by section under the interaction, thus maintaining a continuous and sealed conveying channel between the connecting chamber E1 and the fixed point. This ensures that the drill cuttings are continuously guided to the preset collection point regardless of changes in drilling depth. This drill cuttings collection and discharge mechanism, with its unique construction of the telescopic cylinder E2, allows the cuttings discharge path to flexibly adapt to different drilling depths, ensuring the continuity of cuttings discharge throughout the drilling operation. This is crucial for deep hole drilling operations. The coordinated work of the entire mechanism creates a relatively closed cuttings discharge environment, which helps reduce drill cuttings dust and improves the cleanliness of the work site.

[0041] In further proposals, such as Figure 6 As shown, the cuttings collection and distribution mechanism also includes a diffusion chamber E3 for containing cuttings. The bottom of the diffusion chamber E3 is open, and the upper end of the diffusion chamber E3 is connected to the lower end of the cylindrical section E21.

[0042] The drill cuttings flow, lifted to the top of the outer cylinder C2 by the spiral blade C5 and then transported down through the connecting chamber E1 and the telescopic cylinder E2, finally enters the diffusion chamber E3. The open bottom of the diffusion chamber E3 and its enlarged internal space firstly buffer and slow down the falling drill cuttings flow, helping to prevent drill cuttings from accumulating too high at the center of the collection point to form a "dust column" or generate serious dust. This design optimizes the final discharge form of drill cuttings, completing the fully controllable transfer of drill cuttings from the bottom of the hole to the collection point.

[0043] In further proposals, such as Figure 6 As shown, the cuttings collection and disposal mechanism also includes a soft bottom ring E4, which has an axial accordion folding structure and is fixedly installed along the bottom edge of the diffusion chamber E3.

[0044] After the drill cuttings fall into the diffusion chamber E3 via the telescopic cylinder E2, the flexible, axially retractable accordion-style soft bottom ring E4 fits tightly against the ground, forming a dynamic, flexible seal. This effectively prevents dust from escaping due to gaps during the final scattering stage of the drill cuttings, improving the environmental friendliness of the operation.

[0045] In further proposals, such as Figure 5 As shown, the cuttings collection and disposal mechanism also includes a scraper wheel assembly E5. The scraper wheel assembly E5 includes a rotating wheel E51 and an array of scraper teeth E52 fixed around the outside of the rotating wheel E51. The rotating wheel E51 is rotatably disposed on one side of the spiral blade C5, and the scraper teeth E52 near the spiral blade C5 extend into the intervals between the spiral blades C5.

[0046] During operation, as the spiral blades C5 rotate upwards to transport drill cuttings, some fine or sticky drill cuttings inevitably adhere to the surface of the spiral blades C5 or remain trapped in the gaps between them. At this time, the rotor E51 rotates under frictional resistance or a small driving force, causing the scraper teeth E52, arranged in an array on its outer side, to rotate synchronously. As these scraper teeth E52 sequentially pass through the gaps between the spiral blades C5, they mechanically clean the interior of the gaps, effectively scraping away and agitating the drill cuttings stuck in the gaps, allowing them to be reintegrated into the main drill cuttings flow. This action significantly reduces the amount of drill cuttings remaining in the gaps between the spiral blades C5, effectively preventing the risk of reduced transport efficiency or even blockage caused by drill cuttings accumulation. Simultaneously, the reciprocating scraping motion of the scraper teeth E52 also helps to break up any large drill cuttings clumps that may form, making the drill cuttings flow more uniform and facilitating smoother subsequent transport.

[0047] In a further embodiment, the scraper assembly E5 also includes a relief block E53 and a relief spring E54. The two ends of the rotating shaft of the scraper assembly E5 are respectively rotatably connected to a relief block E53. The side wall of the connecting compartment E1 is symmetrically provided with transverse grooves E11. The relief block E53 is slidably disposed in the transverse grooves E11. The relief spring E54 is supported on the side of the relief block E53 away from the spiral blade C5.

[0048] During operation, this elastic buffer mechanism plays a crucial role. Under normal operating conditions, the preload of the relief spring E54 pushes the relief block E53 and its scraper wheel assembly E5 towards the spiral blade C5, ensuring that the scraper teeth E52 can stably extend into the gap of the spiral blade C5 to perform effective scraping and cleaning. When there are foreign objects that are too large or abnormally hard in the drill cuttings conveyed by the spiral blade C5, forced scraping may cause the scraper teeth E52 to jam, the load to increase suddenly, or even be damaged. At this time, the abnormal resistance will overcome the preload of the relief spring E54, pushing the relief block E53 together with the entire scraper wheel assembly E5 to slide along the transverse groove E11 away from the spiral blade C5, compressing the relief spring E54, thereby providing a crucial clearance space for the foreign object and avoiding hard collision. After the foreign object passes, the relief spring E54 immediately drives the scraper wheel assembly E5 to reset, restoring normal scraping operation. This dynamic adjustment mechanism effectively prevents jamming and equipment damage, and reduces the impact on the drive components.

[0049] In further proposals, such as Figure 3 As shown, there are multiple rubber isolation rings C6, and the multiple rubber isolation rings C6 are spaced apart on the exposed portion of the rod body C1.

[0050] During operation, these spaced-apart rubber isolation rings C6, together with the borehole wall, form multiple continuous and independent cuttings receiving chambers. When high-pressure gas carries the cuttings generated by the down-the-hole drill bit C3 upwards, the lowest rubber isolation ring C6 first blocks and initially gathers the cuttings flow. Subsequently, under pressure, the cuttings pass sequentially through the spaces formed by the upper rubber isolation rings C6. Each ring acts as a secondary barrier and guide, effectively preventing short-circuiting backflow of cuttings in the annular channel between the borehole wall and the rod C1. This achieves a stepped lifting and guiding of the cuttings flow, allowing them to enter the working range of the spiral blade C5 more orderly and smoothly. The system composed of multiple rings also improves fault tolerance and wear resistance. Even if the lowest ring wears under harsh working conditions, the upper rings can still provide effective sealing and blocking, ensuring the long-term reliability of the cuttings removal function during deep hole drilling.

[0051] In further proposals, such as Figure 7As shown, the rubber isolation ring C6 includes a rigid inner ring C61 and a flexible outer ring C62. The outer diameter of the rigid inner ring C61 is smaller than the outer diameter of the flexible outer ring C62. The rigid inner ring C61 is coaxially fixed inside the flexible outer ring C62.

[0052] The rigid inner ring C61 is the main load-bearing component, which is firmly connected to the rod body C1, ensuring the stability and installation strength of the overall ring structure and effectively resisting the vibration of the drill rod and the impact of drill cuttings; while the flexible outer ring C62, which wraps around it, utilizes the high elasticity and viscosity of the rubber material to fit tightly against the hole wall and achieve excellent dynamic sealing effect.

[0053] In further proposals, such as Figure 2 As shown, the vertical propulsion mechanism also includes a guide seat B4 and a front dust-proof cylinder B5. The guide seat B4 is fixedly disposed on the lower side of the vertical beam B1. A guide hole is opened on the guide seat B4 for the outer cylinder C2 to slide through. The front dust-proof cylinder B5 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the guide seat B4. The drill rod mechanism passes through the guide seat B4 and the front dust-proof cylinder B5 in sequence before contacting the ground.

[0054] During operation, as the stepper seat B2 drives the drill rod mechanism downwards, the outer cylinder C2 always slides along the guide hole on the guide seat B4. This provides the entire drilling system with a stable additional support point close to the working face, effectively suppressing any radial sway or vibration that may occur when the drill bit contacts the rock strata. The lower edge of the front dust-proof cylinder B5 contacts the ground at the beginning of drilling, thus forming a relatively enclosed working space. Dust and fine particles generated by the down-the-hole drill bit C3 impacting the ground are confined within this cylinder, preventing them from spreading outwards.

[0055] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A downward drilling device for automatically handling drill cuttings, characterized in that: It includes a traveling mechanism (A), a vertical propulsion mechanism, a cuttings collection and distribution mechanism, and a drill pipe mechanism; The traveling mechanism (A) travels on the ground; The vertical propulsion mechanism includes a hydraulic lifting column (B3), a vertical beam (B1), and a stepping seat (B2). The hydraulic lifting column (B3) is fixed on the traveling mechanism (A). The vertical beam (B1) is fixedly installed on the side of the lifting end of the hydraulic lifting column (B3). The stepping seat (B2) is driven by a motor to move vertically along the vertical beam (B1). The drill rod mechanism includes a rod body (C1), an outer cylinder (C2), a down-the-hole drill bit (C3), a rubber sealing ring (C4), a spiral blade (C5), and a rubber isolation ring (C6). The rod (C1) is hollow. One end of the rod (C1) is fixedly connected to the stepper seat (B2), and the other end is slidably connected to the down-the-hole drill bit (C3). The rod (C1) and the down-the-hole drill bit (C3) are in communication. The down-the-hole drill bit (C3) is subjected to impact rotation by high-pressure gas input to the rod (C1) by an air pump. The spiral blade (C5) is rotatably arranged around the rod (C1), and the outer cylinder (C2) is coaxially arranged on the outside of the spiral blade (C5). The outer cylinder (C2) is fixedly connected to the stepper seat (B2). The rubber sealing ring (C4) is fixedly wrapped around the outer cylinder (C2) near the end of the down-the-hole drill bit (C3). One end of the rod (C1) near the down-the-hole drill bit (C3) protrudes from the end of the outer cylinder (C2). The rubber isolation ring (C6) is fixedly wrapped around the exposed end of the rod (C1). A slag discharge port (C23) is opened at the top of the outer cylinder (C2). The cuttings collection and discharge mechanism is connected to the slag discharge port (C23); It also includes a chip removal drive mechanism, which comprises a curved tube (D1), a chip removal drive shaft (D2), a cyclone impeller (D3), a primary chip removal tooth (D4), a secondary chip removal tooth (D5), and a rotating ring seat (D6). The curved tube (D1) is fixedly disposed inside the stepper seat (B2) and communicates with the rod body (C1). The other end of the curved tube (D1) is communicated with an air pump. The secondary chip removal tooth (D5) is coaxially and fixedly connected to the rotating ring seat (D6). The rotating ring seat (D6) is rotatably disposed around the rod body (C1) away from the down-the-hole drill bit (C3). At the end, the end of the spiral blade (C5) is fixedly connected to the rotating ring seat (D6). The chip removal drive shaft (D2) passes through the curved tube (D1). The cyclone blade (D3) is coaxially fixed in the middle section of the chip removal drive shaft (D2) and located inside the curved tube (D1). One end of the chip removal drive shaft (D2) passes out from the bend of the curved tube (D1) and is coaxially fixedly connected to the first-stage chip removal tooth (D4). The first-stage chip removal tooth (D4) meshes with the second-stage chip removal tooth (D5). High-pressure gas drives the cyclone blade (D3) to rotate through the curved tube (D1).

2. The downward drilling device for automatically handling drill cuttings according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cuttings collection and distribution mechanism, which includes a connecting chamber (E1) and a telescopic cylinder (E2). The connecting chamber (E1) is hollow inside and is fixedly disposed on the upper outer side of the outer cylinder (C2). The outer cylinder (C2) is connected to the connecting chamber (E1). The outer cylinder (C2) is cut off and hollowed out inside the connecting chamber (E1). The upper end of the telescopic cylinder (E2) is connected to the connecting chamber (E1). The telescopic cylinder (E2) includes several cylinder segments (E21). The several cylinder segments (E21) are slidably connected along the telescopic direction by slidingly disposed on the inner side on the outer side. The telescopic cylinder (E2) extends parallel to the lower end of the vertical beam (B1).

3. An automatic process cuttings downhole device according to claim 2, wherein: The cuttings collection and distribution mechanism also includes a diffusion chamber (E3) for containing cuttings. The bottom of the diffusion chamber (E3) is open, and the upper end of the diffusion chamber (E3) is connected to the lower end of the cylindrical section (E21).

4. An automatic process cuttings downhole device according to claim 3, wherein: The cuttings collection and disposal mechanism also includes a soft bottom ring (E4), which has an axial accordion folding structure and is fixedly installed along the bottom edge of the diffusion chamber (E3).

5. An automatic process cuttings downhole device according to claim 4, wherein: The cuttings collection and disposal mechanism also includes a scraper wheel assembly (E5), which includes a rotating wheel (E51) and an array of scraper teeth (E52) fixed around the outside of the rotating wheel (E51). The rotating wheel (E51) is rotatably disposed on one side of the spiral blade (C5), and the scraper teeth (E52) near the spiral blade (C5) extend into the intervals between the spiral blades (C5).

6. The downward drilling device for automatically handling drill cuttings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The scraper assembly (E5) also includes a relief block (E53) and a relief spring (E54). The two ends of the rotating shaft of the scraper assembly (E5) are respectively rotatably connected to a relief block (E53). The side wall of the connecting compartment (E1) is symmetrically provided with transverse grooves (E11). The relief block (E53) is slidably disposed in the transverse groove (E11). The relief spring (E54) is supported on the side of the relief block (E53) away from the spiral blade (C5).

7. The automatic process-cuttings downhole device of claim 1, wherein: There are multiple rubber isolation rings (C6), and the multiple rubber isolation rings (C6) are spaced apart on the exposed portion of the rod (C1).

8. The automatic process-drilling- cuttings -handling downhole apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The rubber isolation ring (C6) includes a rigid inner ring (C61) and a flexible outer ring (C62). The outer diameter of the rigid inner ring (C61) is smaller than the outer diameter of the flexible outer ring (C62). The rigid inner ring (C61) is coaxially fixed inside the flexible outer ring (C62).

9. The self-handling drill cuttings downhole device of claim 1, wherein: The vertical propulsion mechanism also includes a guide seat (B4) and a front dust-proof cylinder (B5). The guide seat (B4) is fixedly installed on the lower side of the vertical beam (B1). A guide hole is opened on the guide seat (B4) for the outer cylinder (C2) to slide through. The front dust-proof cylinder (B5) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the guide seat (B4). The drill rod mechanism passes through the guide seat (B4) and the front dust-proof cylinder (B5) in sequence before contacting the ground.

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