Multi-mode electric control unit, switch and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a motorcycle control technology, in particular to a multi-mode electric control unit, a switch and a control method thereof, the multi-mode electric control unit comprises a plurality of physical operation switches arranged on a motorcycle handlebar, and each switch corresponds to a vehicle running mode and is configured to output a unique electric signal when being pressed; the electronic control unit is electrically connected with the physical operation switch and is used for receiving and identifying the electric signal and switching to a corresponding preset operation mode according to an identification result, the preset operation mode comprises a green hand mode, an economic mode and a motion mode, and in the corresponding mode, the electronic control unit is electrically connected with the physical operation switch; the electronic control unit controls the engine to output different power characteristics by adjusting at least one parameter of the fuel injection quantity, the ignition angle and the ignition time of the engine; the electronic control unit is further connected with an oil sprayer, an ignition coil and a throttle actuator and used for executing power characteristic adjustment. Therefore, the cross-country motorcycle can be controlled more conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to motorcycle control technology, and more particularly to a multi-mode electronic control unit, a switch, and a control method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] The power control of an off-road motorcycle refers to the precise adjustment of the balance between engine output torque and wheel traction through the coordinated action of the throttle, clutch, gearbox, and electronic assistance systems, in order to adapt to complex and varied unpaved roads. Good power control not only improves acceleration efficiency and climbing ability, but also maintains vehicle stability and handling in harsh terrains such as sand, mud, rocks, or steep slopes, and is key to the safety and performance of off-road riding.

[0003] Some motorcycles lack convenient control over their operating modes, such as adjustable power output modes, traction control systems, anti-wheel-drive control, or variable throttle response. This forces riders to rely entirely on their experience to manually adjust the throttle, clutch, and brakes when facing different road conditions (such as slippery mud, gravel slopes, or high-speed curves), significantly increasing the difficulty of handling and safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-mode electronic control unit, a switch, and a control method thereof, which aims to make it easier to control off-road motorcycles.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a multi-mode electronic control switch, including a plurality of physical operation switches disposed on a motorcycle handlebar, each switch corresponding to a vehicle operating mode and configured to output a unique electrical signal when pressed. An electronic control unit, electrically connected to the physical operation switch, is used to receive and identify the electrical signal, and switch to the corresponding preset operating mode according to the identification result. The preset operating modes include novice mode, economy mode and sport mode. In the corresponding mode, the electronic control unit controls the engine to output different power characteristics by adjusting at least one of the parameters of the engine's fuel injection quantity, ignition angle and ignition time. The electronic control unit is also connected to a fuel injector, an ignition coil, and a throttle actuator to perform the power characteristic adjustment.

[0006] The physical operation switches include a mode selection switch, a traction control switch, and a departure control switch. The mode selection switch is used to switch between beginner mode, economy mode and sports mode; The traction control switch is used to send a command to the electronic control unit to turn the traction control system on or off. The departure control switch is used to trigger the departure mode.

[0007] The electronic control unit also stores the last operating mode selected by the user. After the vehicle is powered on and initialized, the electronic control unit automatically restores the stored mode as the default operating mode, unless the user performs a new mode selection operation within a preset time after startup.

[0008] The traction control switch is a self-resetting push-button switch. Each press generates a high-level pulse signal. The electronic control unit switches the activation state of the traction control system according to the pulse signal and displays the TC status indicator on the instrument panel simultaneously.

[0009] The departure control switch is an instantaneous trigger switch, which is only effective when the off-road motorcycle is in neutral or stationary. When the LC switch is activated and the vehicle meets the departure conditions, the electronic control unit enters the departure mode and initiates a power limiting strategy based on the vehicle's posture.

[0010] The power limiting strategy includes receiving attitude data from a six-axis gyroscope in real time. The six-axis gyroscope is mounted on the vehicle frame and is used to detect the pitch angle and pitch angle change rate of the vehicle body. When the pitch angle exceeds a first threshold or the pitch angle change rate exceeds a second threshold, the electronic control unit automatically reduces the engine torque output to suppress the front wheels from lifting off the ground while maintaining the maximum driving force of the rear wheels.

[0011] In the novice mode, the electronic control unit limits the maximum throttle opening to no more than 60% and the maximum engine speed to no more than 7000 rpm. In the economic mode, the electronic control unit optimizes the air-fuel ratio to near the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio and delays the ignition angle to reduce pumping losses; In the sport mode, the electronic control unit allows full throttle response, advances the ignition angle, and removes some torque limiting.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention also provides a control method for a multi-mode electronically controlled switch, comprising the following steps: Monitor the voltage level of each physical switch; When the electronic control unit detects a valid level state, it analyzes the mode type corresponding to the signal. If it is the target operating mode, load the control parameter set corresponding to that mode and update the fuel injection, ignition and throttle control strategies. The injector, ignition coil, and throttle actuator are adjusted based on the fuel injection, ignition, and throttle control strategies.

[0013] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a multi-mode electronic control unit, including the aforementioned multi-mode electronic control switch.

[0014] This invention discloses a multi-mode electronic control unit, a switch, and a control method thereof, aiming to improve the handling flexibility and safety of motorcycles in different driving scenarios. The system includes multiple physical operation switches ergonomically integrated into the motorcycle handlebars for convenient operation by the rider while riding. Each physical operation switch corresponds to a preset vehicle operating mode, such as beginner mode, economy mode, and sport mode, and is configured to output a unique and identifiable electrical signal when pressed or triggered.

[0015] Electrical signals are transmitted to the electronic control unit (ECU) via wires. The ECU is electrically connected to each physical operating switch and receives and accurately identifies signals from different switches in real time. Once the ECU identifies the electrical signal corresponding to a specific mode, it automatically switches to the corresponding operating mode based on a pre-stored control strategy. In different modes, the ECU dynamically adjusts key engine operating parameters—including but not limited to at least one of fuel injection quantity, ignition angle, and ignition timing—to achieve differentiated control of the engine's output power characteristics. For example, in "Beginner Mode," the system limits maximum output power and smooths throttle response to reduce handling difficulty; in "Economy Mode," it optimizes fuel efficiency and reduces fuel consumption; and in "Sport Mode," the system releases higher power output, enhancing acceleration performance and driving excitement.

[0016] The electronic control unit is also electrically connected to key actuators such as the fuel injector, ignition coil, and throttle actuator, forming a complete closed-loop control system. Based on the selected mode, the electronic control unit generates corresponding control commands to drive the fuel injector to adjust the fuel injection quantity, control the ignition timing of the ignition coil, and regulate the intake air volume through the throttle actuator, thereby achieving precise control over the overall engine performance. This multi-mode electronic control switch system is compact, responsive, and logically clear, not only enhancing the user's personalized driving experience but also improving the vehicle's adaptability and safety in different operating environments. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of a multi-mode electronic control unit switch according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2This is a structural diagram of the physical operation switch of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the start / stop switch of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a control method for a multi-mode electronically controlled switch according to the present invention.

[0022] Physical operation switch 101, electronic control unit 102, fuel injector 103, ignition coil 104, throttle actuator 105, mode selection switch 106, traction control switch 107, departure control switch 108, start button 109, power off button 110. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0024] First embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1-3 This invention provides a multi-mode electronic control switch, including multiple physical operation switches 101 mounted on a motorcycle handlebar, each switch corresponding to a vehicle operating mode and configured to output a unique electrical signal when pressed; an electronic control unit 102, electrically connected to the physical operation switches 101, for receiving and identifying the electrical signals, and switching to the corresponding preset operating mode according to the identification result, the preset operating modes including novice mode, economy mode and sport mode, in the corresponding mode, the electronic control unit 102 controls the engine to output different power characteristics by adjusting at least one of the engine's fuel injection quantity, ignition angle and ignition timing; the electronic control unit 102 is also connected to a fuel injector 103, an ignition coil 104 and a throttle actuator 105 for performing the power characteristic adjustment.

[0025] This invention provides a multi-mode electronic control switch system designed to improve the handling flexibility and safety of motorcycles in different driving scenarios. The system includes multiple physical operation switches 101, which are ergonomically integrated into the motorcycle handlebars for convenient operation by the rider while riding. Each physical operation switch 101 corresponds to a preset vehicle operating mode, such as beginner mode, economy mode, and sport mode, and is configured to output a unique and identifiable electrical signal when pressed or triggered.

[0026] The aforementioned electrical signals are transmitted to the electronic control unit 102 via wires. The electronic control unit 102 is electrically connected to each physical operating switch 101 to receive and accurately identify signals from different switches in real time. Once the electrical signal corresponding to a specific mode is identified, the electronic control unit 102 automatically switches to the corresponding operating mode according to a pre-stored control strategy. In different modes, the electronic control unit 102 dynamically adjusts key engine operating parameters—including but not limited to at least one of fuel injection quantity, ignition angle, and ignition timing—to achieve differentiated control of the engine's output power characteristics. For example, in "Beginner Mode," the system limits maximum output power and smooths throttle response to reduce handling difficulty; in "Economy Mode," it optimizes fuel efficiency and reduces fuel consumption; and in "Sport Mode," the system releases higher power output to enhance acceleration performance and driving passion.

[0027] Furthermore, the electronic control unit 102 is electrically connected to key actuators such as the fuel injector 103, ignition coil 104, and throttle actuator 105, forming a complete closed-loop control system. The electronic control unit 102 generates corresponding control commands based on the selected mode, driving the fuel injector 103 to adjust the fuel injection quantity, controlling the ignition timing of the ignition coil 104, and regulating the intake air volume through the throttle actuator 105, thereby achieving precise control over the overall engine performance. This multi-mode electronic control switch system is compact, responsive, and logically clear, not only enhancing the user's personalized driving experience but also improving the vehicle's adaptability and safety in different operating environments.

[0028] The physical operation switch 101 includes a mode selection switch 106, a traction control switch 107, and a departure control switch 108. The mode selection switch 106 is used to switch between novice mode, economy mode and sport mode; the traction control switch 107 is used to send a command to the electronic control unit 102 to turn the traction control system on or off; the departure control switch 108 is used to trigger the departure mode.

[0029] The mode selection switch 106 is located where the left thumb rests naturally, and consists of an S switch and a N switch. The electronic control unit 102 reads the analog voltage value through an analog-to-digital converter and uses a software filtering algorithm (such as moving average + threshold judgment) to eliminate jitter interference, ensuring a pattern recognition accuracy of ≥99.9%.

[0030] The traction control switch 107 integrates a microswitch with a pressing stroke of 1.5 mm and a rebound force of 0.8 N. Each press generates a high-level pulse signal (5 V TTL level) lasting approximately 100 ms, which is then low-pass filtered by an RC filter and connected to the GPIO interrupt pin of the electronic control unit 102. The electronic control unit 102 is configured with a rising-edge triggered interrupt service routine (ISR), which records the TC state toggle request in the interrupt and sets a flag for processing in the main loop, avoiding the execution of complex logic in the interrupt.

[0031] The departure control switch 108 may have an anti-slip texture on its surface and is activated only when the vehicle meets the dual conditions of being in neutral and stationary. Its signal line is connected in series with a MOSFET electronic switch controlled by the electronic control unit 102. When the vehicle is in a non-departure-permitted state (such as while driving or in gear), the electronic control unit 102 actively cuts off the pull-up power, rendering its physical press ineffective and eliminating the risk of accidental triggering at the hardware level.

[0032] Each switch is connected to the electronic control unit 102 via a 4-core shielded cable (including power, ground, signal, and spare). The cable is sheathed with silicone, has a temperature range of -40℃ to +125℃, and a tensile strength of ≥50 N, making it suitable for frequent bending and impacts in off-road environments.

[0033] In addition, the present invention also includes a start switch, which integrates a start button 109 and a stop button 110 to control the start and stop of the motorcycle.

[0034] The electronic control unit 102 also stores the last operating mode selected by the user; after the vehicle is re-energized and initialized, the electronic control unit 102 automatically restores the stored mode as the default operating mode, unless the user performs a new mode selection operation within a preset time after startup.

[0035] The electronic control unit 102 further features an operating mode memory function, integrating a non-volatile storage module to record the operating mode (such as novice mode, economy mode, or sport mode) selected by the user during the last vehicle operation. When the vehicle is turned off due to engine shutdown or power failure and then powered on again to complete the system initialization process, the electronic control unit automatically reads this stored information and loads the last used operating mode as the default activation mode into the control system. This design effectively avoids the inconvenience of manually selecting frequently used modes every time the vehicle is started, enhancing the intelligence and convenience of human-machine interaction.

[0036] To balance personalized user needs with operational flexibility, the system also sets a preset time window (e.g., within 10 seconds of startup). If the user actively operates the multi-mode electronic control switch to select a new operating mode within this time window, the electronic control unit will prioritize responding to the user's latest command and update the stored content; if no operation is performed, the restored default mode will remain unchanged, ensuring the consistency and continuity of the driving experience.

[0037] The traction control switch 107 is a self-resetting push-button switch. Each press generates a high-level pulse signal. The electronic control unit 102 switches the activation state of the traction control system according to the pulse signal and displays the TC status indicator on the instrument panel simultaneously.

[0038] The traction control system in this invention is controlled by an independently designed self-resetting push-button switch. This switch employs a mechanical self-return structure, normally in the open state, closing only when pressed by the user, thus outputting a brief high-level pulse signal to the electronic control unit (ECU). Upon detecting this pulse signal, the ECU switches between the "enabled" and "disabled" states of the traction control system. For example, if TC is currently enabled, receiving the pulse signal will disable the TC function; conversely, it will re-enable it. To enhance the intuitiveness of the operational feedback, a dedicated TC status indicator light is provided on the vehicle's instrument panel. Its illumination or deactivation is strictly synchronized with the actual start / stop status of the TC system—the indicator light is constantly on when TC is enabled, and off or flashing (depending on the specific design) when disabled, allowing the rider to monitor the current operating status of the vehicle's dynamic control system in real time, improving driving safety and driver confidence.

[0039] The departure control switch 108 is an instantaneous trigger switch, which is only effective when the off-road motorcycle is in neutral or stationary. When the LC switch is activated and the vehicle meets the departure conditions, the electronic control unit 102 enters the departure mode and initiates a power limiting strategy based on the vehicle's posture.

[0040] The power limiting strategy includes receiving attitude data in real time from a six-axis gyroscope mounted on the vehicle frame to detect the vehicle's pitch angle and pitch angle change rate. When the pitch angle exceeds a first threshold or the pitch angle change rate exceeds a second threshold, the electronic control unit 102 automatically reduces the engine torque output to suppress front wheel lift-off while maintaining maximum driving force for the rear wheels.

[0041] The start control switch 108 adopts an instantaneous trigger structure design, and its functional logic has strict state constraints: the triggering operation of the switch is only considered valid by the electronic control unit 102 when the off-road motorcycle is in neutral or completely stationary (i.e., the vehicle speed is zero and the engine is idling). This limiting mechanism is designed to prevent accidental activation of the start mode by accidentally touching the LC switch during riding, thereby ensuring riding safety.

[0042] When the rider presses the LC switch under the aforementioned prerequisites, and the vehicle simultaneously meets other preset departure conditions (such as coolant temperature within the normal operating range, sufficient battery voltage, and no critical system fault codes), the electronic control unit will determine that the departure request is valid and immediately enter "departure mode." In this mode, the system activates an intelligent power limiting strategy based on vehicle dynamic attitude perception to optimize traction distribution and vehicle stability during the start-up process, which is particularly suitable for rapid start-up operations in high-traction scenarios such as off-road or track driving.

[0043] The core of the power limiting strategy lies in the real-time fusion of high-precision attitude data from a six-axis gyroscope. This six-axis gyroscope is securely mounted near the center of gravity of the motorcycle frame and can simultaneously acquire three-axis acceleration and three-axis angular velocity information. An internal algorithm then calculates the current pitch angle and its rate of change of the motorcycle. The electronic control unit continuously monitors these two key parameters. When the vehicle pitch angle is detected to exceed a preset first threshold (e.g., 70 degrees, indicating a significant lifting trend of the front wheels), Or the rate of change of pitch angle exceeds the second threshold (e.g., 30 degrees / second, reflecting an excessively rapid head-up movement). The system will determine that the vehicle is at risk of wheelie. At this time, the electronic control unit will not completely cut off the power output, but will intelligently and dynamically reduce the engine's torque output—for example, by delaying ignition timing, reducing the fuel injection pulse width, or briefly limiting the throttle opening—to suppress excessive front wheel lift while maintaining the maximum effective driving force of the rear wheels as much as possible, ensuring the best balance between acceleration performance and handling stability.

[0044] Furthermore, this power limiting strategy boasts millisecond-level response capabilities and can adaptively adjust based on varying road surface adhesion coefficients and riding styles. Once the vehicle's attitude returns to a safe range (e.g., the pitch angle falls below a threshold and remains stable), the electronic control unit gradually releases the torque limit, allowing the vehicle to smoothly transition to full power output. The entire process requires no rider intervention, significantly enhancing the controllability, safety, and performance of high-powered off-road motorcycles under extreme start-up conditions.

[0045] In the novice mode, the electronic control unit 102 limits the maximum throttle opening to no more than 60% and the maximum engine speed to no more than 7000 rpm; in the economy mode, the electronic control unit 102 optimizes the air-fuel ratio to near the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio and delays the ignition angle to reduce pumping losses; in the sport mode, the electronic control unit 102 allows full throttle response, advances the ignition angle, and removes some torque limiting.

[0046] With safety and ease of control as its core objectives, the electronic control unit 102 implements multiple limiting strategies for the power system. Specifically, the electronic control unit rigidly limits the maximum throttle opening to no more than 60%. Even if the rider twists the throttle to its maximum, the actual intake air volume into the engine is still constrained within the low-to-medium load range, effectively suppressing the vehicle's instantaneous acceleration response and avoiding the risk of loss of control due to improper operation. At the same time, the electronic control unit also sets the maximum permissible engine speed to 7000 rpm, preventing the violent power output and mechanical stress brought by high-speed areas, making the overall power output of the vehicle more linear and smooth, which is more suitable for novice riders with less driving experience to familiarize themselves with the vehicle's characteristics and build confidence in handling.

[0047] In the Economy mode, the electronic control unit (ECU) focuses on improving fuel efficiency and reducing emissions. The system dynamically optimizes and maintains the air-fuel ratio near the stoichiometric ratio (approximately 14.7:1) by precisely controlling the fuel injection and intake air volume, ensuring efficient operation of the three-way catalytic converter and complete combustion. Simultaneously, the ECU moderately delays the ignition timing (shifting the ignition point after top dead center of the compression stroke) to reduce pumping losses—especially under partial load conditions, delayed ignition reduces in-cylinder negative pressure, lessening intake resistance during piston movement and thus improving thermal efficiency. Furthermore, the throttle response curve is tuned to be more gentle in this mode, encouraging smooth driving, further reducing overall fuel consumption and extending driving range.

[0048] In Sport mode, the electronic control unit (ECU) fully unleashes the vehicle's performance potential to meet the demands of advanced riders for responsive power and driving passion. Throttle opening is no longer restricted, allowing full throttle operation to trigger 100% throttle opening for maximum intake efficiency. The ignition timing is actively advanced (closer to or slightly earlier than top dead center of compression) to increase peak combustion pressure and power efficiency, enhancing torque output and acceleration in the mid-to-high RPM range. Simultaneously, the ECU removes some torque limiting logic applied in other modes (such as start-up torque limitation and shift torque reduction), allowing the engine to respond more quickly and directly to throttle input. Combined with optimized shift strategies and exhaust backpressure control, Sport mode significantly improves the vehicle's dynamic performance, making it suitable for track riding or demanding scenarios requiring rapid overtaking.

[0049] Second embodiment: Please refer to Figure 4 The present invention also provides a control method for a multi-mode electronically controlled switch, comprising the following steps: S201 monitors the voltage level of each physical operation switch 101; The electronic control unit 102 continuously and in real-time polls or intermittently detects the level signal status of multiple physical operation switches 101 (such as buttons or levers corresponding to beginner mode, economy mode, and sport mode) located on the handlebars through its built-in input interface circuit. Each switch is at a default level (such as low level) when not triggered. When the rider presses or toggles a switch, the corresponding circuit outputs a recognizable high-level (or low-level, depending on the circuit design) signal. The electronic control unit performs debouncing and validity judgment on these signals at a millisecond-level sampling frequency to eliminate false triggering caused by mechanical vibration or electromagnetic interference.

[0050] S202 When the electronic control unit 102 detects a valid level state, it parses the mode type corresponding to the signal; Once the electronic control unit (ECU) confirms that a certain switch signal is validly triggered (e.g., a sustained high level exceeding a preset debouncing time threshold, such as 20ms), it initiates the signal parsing logic. Based on predefined hardware mapping relationships (e.g., switch A corresponds to "new driver mode," switch B corresponds to "economy mode," etc.), the ECU uniquely maps that signal level to the specific target operating mode. Simultaneously, the system verifies whether the current vehicle status (e.g., whether it is in neutral, whether the vehicle speed is zero, whether the engine is running, etc.) meets the activation conditions of that mode to ensure the safety and rationality of the operation.

[0051] If S203 is the target operating mode, then load the control parameter set corresponding to that mode and update the fuel injection, ignition and throttle control strategies. After confirming that the target operating mode is legal and can be activated, the electronic control unit (ECU) retrieves a complete set of control parameters bound to that mode from its internal non-volatile memory. This parameter set includes, but is not limited to, the throttle opening upper limit curve, the fuel injection pulse width mapping table, the ignition advance angle MAP, the torque limit threshold, and the throttle response sensitivity coefficient. Subsequently, the ECU dynamically updates its underlying control strategy module, reconstructing the fuel injection control logic, the ignition timing algorithm, and the target position command of the throttle actuator 105, so that the entire power management system enters a working state that matches the selected mode.

[0052] S204 adjusts the injector 103, ignition coil 104 and throttle actuator 105 based on the fuel injection, ignition and throttle control strategy.

[0053] After the strategy update is completed, the electronic control unit calculates and outputs precise drive signals in real time for each engine working cycle based on the new control parameters: it sends an adjusted injection pulse width command to the injector 103 to control the fuel supply; it outputs an optimized ignition timing signal to the ignition coil 104 to adjust combustion efficiency; and it sends a target opening command to the throttle actuator 105, which drives the throttle flap to the designated position by a motor or cable mechanism, thereby coordinating the control of intake air volume. The above three form a closed-loop linkage, jointly achieving refined management of engine output power, torque characteristics, and response characteristics, ultimately achieving the expected driving experience under different operating modes—such as the gentleness of the novice mode, the efficiency of the economy mode, or the aggressiveness of the sport mode.

[0054] Third embodiment: The present invention also provides a multi-mode electronic control unit, including the aforementioned multi-mode electronic control switch.

[0055] The above description discloses only one preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes of the above embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made in accordance with the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A multi-mode electronically controlled switch, characterized in that, It includes multiple physical operation switches set on the motorcycle handlebars, each switch corresponding to a vehicle operating mode and configured to output a unique electrical signal when pressed; An electronic control unit, electrically connected to the physical operation switch, is used to receive and identify the electrical signal, and switch to the corresponding preset operating mode according to the identification result. The preset operating modes include novice mode, economy mode and sport mode. In the corresponding mode, the electronic control unit controls the engine to output different power characteristics by adjusting at least one of the parameters of the engine's fuel injection quantity, ignition angle and ignition time. The electronic control unit is also connected to a fuel injector, an ignition coil, and a throttle actuator to perform the power characteristic adjustment.

2. A multi-mode electronically controlled switch as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The physical operation switches include a mode selection switch, a traction control switch, and a departure control switch: The mode selection switch is used to switch between beginner mode, economy mode and sports mode; The traction control switch is used to send a command to the electronic control unit to turn the traction control system on or off. The departure control switch is used to trigger the departure mode.

3. A multi-mode electronically controlled switch as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The electronic control unit also stores the last operating mode selected by the user; after the vehicle is re-energized and initialized, the electronic control unit automatically restores the stored mode as the default operating mode, unless the user performs a new mode selection operation within a preset time after startup.

4. A multi-mode electronically controlled switch as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The traction control switch is a self-resetting push-button switch. Each press generates a high-level pulse signal. The electronic control unit switches the activation state of the traction control system according to the pulse signal and displays the TC status indicator on the instrument panel simultaneously.

5. A multi-mode electronically controlled switch as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The departure control switch is an instantaneous trigger switch, which is only effective when the off-road motorcycle is in neutral or stationary. When the LC switch is activated and the vehicle meets the departure conditions, the electronic control unit enters the departure mode and initiates a power limiting strategy based on the vehicle's posture.

6. A multi-mode electronically controlled switch as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The power limiting strategy includes receiving attitude data in real time from a six-axis gyroscope mounted on the vehicle frame to detect the vehicle's pitch angle and pitch angle change rate. When the pitch angle exceeds a first threshold or the pitch angle change rate exceeds a second threshold, the electronic control unit automatically reduces the engine torque output to suppress front wheel lift-off while maintaining maximum rear wheel drive force.

7. A multi-mode electronically controlled switch according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the novice mode, the electronic control unit limits the maximum throttle opening to no more than 60% and the maximum engine speed to no more than 7000 rpm; In the economic mode, the electronic control unit optimizes the air-fuel ratio to near the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio and delays the ignition angle to reduce pumping losses; In the sport mode, the electronic control unit allows full throttle response, advances the ignition angle, and removes some torque limiting.

8. A control method for a multi-mode electronically controlled switch, employing the multi-mode electronically controlled switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Monitor the voltage level of each physical switch; When the electronic control unit detects a valid level state, it analyzes the mode type corresponding to the signal. If it is the target operating mode, load the control parameter set corresponding to that mode and update the fuel injection, ignition and throttle control strategies. The injector, ignition coil, and throttle actuator are adjusted based on the fuel injection, ignition, and throttle control strategies.

9. A multi-mode electronic control unit, characterized in that, Includes a multi-mode electronically controlled switch as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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