Eddy current sensor pipeline tiny deformation high-precision detection device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an eddy current sensor pipeline tiny deformation high-precision monitoring and detecting device and method. The device comprises a supporting cylinder, a detecting cylinder, a guiding and positioning mechanism, a detecting unit and a data processing module. The supporting cylinder coaxially sleeves a to-be-detected pipeline through the guiding and positioning mechanism and can move in the axial direction of the to-be-detected pipeline. The detection cylinder is arranged on the to-be-detected pipeline on the rear side of the supporting cylinder in a matching and sleeving manner, and is coaxially and rotatably connected with the supporting cylinder on the front side; at least one handle is fixed on the outer side of each of the support cylinder and the detection cylinder along the circumferential direction; the problem that an existing manual handheld detection probe is large in detection difficulty can be effectively solved, and the problems that the existing manual handheld detection probe is low in detection precision, poor in accuracy and weak in adaptability can also be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of pipeline deformation detection technology, specifically relating to a high-precision monitoring and detection device and method for minute pipeline deformation using an eddy current sensor. Background Technology

[0002] Eddy current sensor technology for detecting minute deformations in pipelines is based on the eddy current effect. It captures micron-level deformation signals caused by factors such as pressure, corrosion, and fatigue in pipelines through electromagnetic coupling between the sensor probe and the pipeline surface, thereby determining the integrity of the pipeline structure. This non-destructive testing technology is widely used in key areas such as oil and gas transportation, industrial pipelines, and nuclear power pipelines, and is one of the core technologies to ensure the safe operation of pipelines.

[0003] In current pipeline micro-deformation detection operations, manual handheld probe operation is the mainstream method. Specifically, operators hold one or more eddy current probes and, relying on experience, move them along the surface of the pipeline to be inspected, manually controlling the probe's detection distance and movement speed. However, this method has several insurmountable drawbacks: maintaining a consistent detection distance between the probe and the pipeline is difficult with manual handheld operation, easily leading to distortion or missed detection of micro-deformation signals due to distance fluctuations; the scanning path is easily affected by operating techniques and operator fatigue during manual movement, resulting in significant blind spots and making it difficult to achieve 360° omnidirectional coverage of the pipeline; operators cannot accurately guarantee the coaxial positioning of the probe and the pipeline, and positioning deviations directly interfere with the accuracy of the detection data; when dealing with pipelines of different diameters, repeated manual adjustments to the operating posture are necessary, resulting in poor adaptability and low detection efficiency, failing to meet the actual needs for high-precision detection of pipeline micro-deformations. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the defects and problems of existing pipeline deformation detection, this invention provides a high-precision monitoring and detection device and method for micro-deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor. This not only effectively solves the problem of the difficulty of detection by existing handheld detection probes, but also effectively solves the problems of low detection accuracy, poor accuracy and weak adaptability of existing handheld detection probes.

[0005] The solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor, comprising a support cylinder, a detection cylinder, a guide positioning mechanism, a detection unit, and a data processing module. The support cylinder is coaxially fitted onto the pipeline to be detected via the guide positioning mechanism and can move axially along the pipeline. The detection cylinder is fitted onto the pipeline to be detected on the rear side of the support cylinder and is rotatably connected to the front support cylinder. At least one handle is fixed to the outer side of both the support cylinder and the detection cylinder along the circumferential direction. Multiple sets of detection units are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the support cylinder. The detection unit includes two detection modules spaced apart along the axial direction. Each detection module includes a sliding mechanism and an eddy current detection probe. The eddy current detection probe is used to detect the pipeline to be tested. The eddy current detection probe is fixedly installed inside the detection cylinder by the sliding mechanism. The distance between the first eddy current detection probe and the inner wall of the detection cylinder can be adjusted by the sliding mechanism, and the detection distance between the two eddy current detection probes in the same group and the pipeline to be tested is different. The data processing module is connected to each eddy current detection probe and is used to receive the detection data corresponding to different detection distances and determine the minor deformation state of the pipeline to be tested based on the detection data.

[0006] Both the support cylinder and the detection cylinder are openable and closable cylindrical structures. The end of the support cylinder facing the detection cylinder is coaxially fixed with an annular rotating seat. The outer ring surface of the rotating seat is provided with multiple guide grooves spaced apart along the axial direction. The end of the detection cylinder facing the support cylinder can be fitted onto the annular rotating seat. The inside of the detection cylinder is provided with multiple guide ring platforms spaced apart along the axial direction that match the guide grooves. The guide ring platform is composed of two half-annular bosses.

[0007] The guiding and positioning mechanism includes at least three sets of support wheel groups evenly spaced along the circumferential direction. Each support wheel group includes two support wheel assemblies spaced along the axial direction. Each support wheel assembly includes a support column that is radially slidably mounted on the wall of the support cylinder. The outer end of the support column extends outward from the support cylinder and is equipped with an anti-detachment component. A U-shaped wheel seat is fixedly mounted on the inner end of the support column. A movable wheel is rotatably mounted inside the U-shaped wheel seat. A top spring is fitted on the support column between the U-shaped wheel seat and the inner wall of the support cylinder. In its natural state, the top spring will push the U-shaped wheel seat inward away from the inner wall of the support cylinder.

[0008] The sliding mechanism includes a guide sleeve, a lifting column, and a lifting control assembly. The guide sleeve is fixedly installed radially on the outer ring wall of the detection cylinder. The lifting column is slidably installed axially inside the guide sleeve, with its bottom extending downward into the detection cylinder and fixedly connected to the eddy current detection probe. The lifting control assembly is fixedly installed on the top of the guide sleeve and connected to the lifting column. The lifting control assembly can adjust the size of the lifting column extending into the detection cylinder.

[0009] The lifting control assembly includes a sealing cap installed on the top of the guide sleeve. The sealing cap has a threaded hole in the middle along the axial direction and a screw is threadedly fitted on it. The bottom end of the screw is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting column, and a screw cap is fixedly installed on the top of the screw.

[0010] Each detection unit has an electromagnetic drive assembly installed in any of its lifting columns. The lifting column is connected to the eddy current detection probe via the electromagnetic drive assembly. The electromagnetic drive assembly is connected to a controller, which can repeatedly adjust the distance between the eddy current detection probe and the pipe to be tested within an effective range during the detection process.

[0011] The electromagnetic drive assembly includes a slider, a connecting sleeve, an electromagnet, and a top spring. A control cavity is axially located within the lifting column. The electromagnet is fixedly installed on the top of the control cavity and connected to a controller. During the detection process, the controller repeatedly starts and stops the electromagnet. The slider is axially slidably installed within the control cavity below the electromagnet, and a permanent magnet is fitted at the top of the slider. The upward-facing end of the permanent magnet has the same magnetic pole direction as the downward-facing end of the electromagnet. A connecting rod is vertically installed at the bottom of the slider, extending downwards from the lifting column and connecting to the eddy current detection probe. The top spring is fitted onto the connecting rod within the lifting column below the slider, and in its natural state, the top spring pushes the slider upwards towards the electromagnet.

[0012] A high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor, comprising the following steps, using any one of claims 1-7: S1: The detection device is coaxially mounted with the pipeline to be detected through the support component, and the guide positioning mechanism keeps the support component and the pipeline to be detected coaxially positioned. S2: By adjusting the distance adjustment components of each detection module in the detection unit, the detection distance between each eddy current detection probe and the pipeline to be detected in the same group of detection units is adjusted so that the detection distance of each eddy current detection probe is different from that of the others. S3: Drive the support component and the detection component to move axially relative to the pipe to be detected, and at the same time drive the detection component to rotate circumferentially relative to the support component, so that each eddy current detection probe can perform all-round scanning detection of the outer circumference of the pipe. S4: The data processing module receives the detection data collected by each eddy current detection probe in real time, and compares and analyzes the detection data corresponding to different detection distances to determine the minor deformation state of the pipeline to be detected.

[0013] In step S2, at least one eddy current detection probe is connected to the lifting component via an electromagnetic drive assembly. In step S3, the controller controls the electromagnetic drive assembly to start, causing the eddy current detection probe to move radially back and forth, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the detection distance. The data processing module combines the detection data of the static detection distance with the detection data of the dynamic detection distance for comprehensive analysis to determine the state of minor deformation of the pipeline.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The eddy current sensor-based high-precision monitoring and detection device and method for minor pipeline deformation provided by this invention can effectively replace the traditional manual handheld detection probe operation. Through a collaborative mode of static multi-distance benchmark detection and dynamic distance scanning detection, coupled with a precise distance adjustment system, it avoids the drawbacks of manual handheld operation, which makes it difficult to stably control the detection distance, significantly reducing signal distortion and the risk of missed detection. Relying on the coaxial linkage structure of the support component and the detection component, and multiple sets of detection units evenly distributed around the circumference, it achieves 360° all-around scanning of the pipeline without blind spots, completely solving the problem of blind spots caused by manual operation. The elastic adaptive guiding and positioning mechanism ensures high-precision coaxial positioning of the device and the pipeline without manual adjustment of the posture, while also adapting to pipelines of different diameters, greatly improving adaptability and detection efficiency. The multi-source data fusion analysis logic can accurately quantify key parameters such as deformation location, deformation amount, and deformation range, overcoming the shortcomings of weak data processing in manual detection, significantly improving detection accuracy and reliability, and fully meeting the actual needs for efficient and accurate detection of minor pipeline deformation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the support cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detection cylinder structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support wheel assembly structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detection module structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection between the support cylinder and the detection cylinder of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding mechanism structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic drive component structure of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram, the following numbers are used: 1 is the support cylinder, 11 is the annular rotating seat, 12 is the guide groove, 13 is the transverse handle, 2 is the detection cylinder, 21 is the guide ring platform, 22 is the detection handle, 3 is the guide positioning mechanism, 31 is the support column, 32 is the anti-detachment pin, 33 is the U-shaped wheel seat, 34 is the moving wheel, 35 is the top spring a, 4 is the pipe to be tested, 5 is the detection module, 51 is the sliding mechanism, 511 is the guide sleeve, 512 is the lifting column, 513 is the sealing cap, 514 is the screw, 515 is the screw cap, 52 is the eddy current detection probe, 53 is the slider, 55 is the electromagnet, 56 is the control cavity, 57 is the connecting rod, 58 is the top spring b, and 6 is the support wheel assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example

[0025] In view of the problems raised in the background art above, this embodiment provides a high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor, such as... Figure 1-8 As shown, it includes a support cylinder 1, a detection cylinder 2, a guide and positioning mechanism 3, a detection unit, and a data processing module. Both the support cylinder 1 and the detection cylinder 2 are openable and closable cylinder structures, which are composed of two half-cylinders hinged together at their roots. The two half-cylinders are equipped with locking components at their ends. When the two half-ring shells are closed, they can be locked together by the locking components, so that they can be quickly opened and fitted onto the outer circumference of the pipe to be inspected, adapting to pipe inspection scenarios of different diameter specifications.

[0026] The support cylinder 1 is coaxially fitted onto the pipe 4 to be inspected via the guide positioning mechanism 3, and can move axially along the pipe to be inspected. The inspection cylinder is fitted onto the pipe to be inspected on the rear side of the support cylinder, and is coaxially rotatably connected to the front support cylinder. Specifically: The guiding and positioning mechanism 3 includes four sets of support wheel groups evenly spaced along the circumference. Each support wheel group includes two support wheel assemblies spaced along the axial direction. Each support wheel assembly includes a support column 31 that is radially slidably mounted on the wall of the support cylinder. The support column 31 is a polygonal prism. The support column 31 is installed as follows: the wall of the support cylinder 1 is radially machined with a sliding through hole, and the support column is slidably mounted in the through hole. The outer end of the support column extends out of the support cylinder and is fitted with an anti-detachment pin to prevent the support column from slipping into the support sleeve. The inner end of the support column is welded with a U-shaped wheel seat 33. A movable wheel 34 is rotatably mounted in the U-shaped wheel seat 33. The movable wheel 34 is made of polyurethane material and wrapped with a wear-resistant rubber ring on the outside, which ensures smooth rolling with the outer wall of the pipe and avoids scratching the surface of the pipe.

[0027] A top spring a35 is fitted on the support column between the U-shaped wheel seat 33 and the inner wall of the support cylinder. In its natural state, the top spring a35 will apply an inward pushing force to the U-shaped wheel seat, so that the moving wheel is always in close contact with the outer wall of the pipe. Through the elastic adaptive adjustment of the top spring, the device can adapt to pipes of different diameters and always maintain the coaxial state of the support cylinder and the pipe, providing a basic guarantee for the detection accuracy.

[0028] The end of the support cylinder 1 facing the detection cylinder is coaxially welded with an annular rotating seat 11. The outer ring surface of the annular rotating seat 11 is provided with two guide grooves 12 spaced axially. The end of the detection cylinder 2 facing the support cylinder 1 is machined with a guide ring platform 21 that matches the guide grooves one by one. The guide ring platform is composed of two semi-annular bosses. The end of the detection cylinder 2 facing the support cylinder 1 can be fitted onto the annular rotating seat, and the guide ring platform 21 can be inserted into the corresponding guide groove to form a sliding fit with the guide groove, so that the detection cylinder can rotate 360° circumferentially relative to the support cylinder. At the same time, the axial limiting of the guide groove and the guide ring platform ensures that the detection cylinder and the support cylinder always remain coaxial and avoids deviation during rotation.

[0029] Four transverse handles 13 are evenly arranged on the outer ring surface of the support cylinder along the circumferential direction. The transverse handles 13 can drive the entire device to move axially along the pipeline to be inspected. The number of transverse handles 13 corresponds one-to-one with the number of support wheel sets. Both the front and rear ends of the transverse handles 13 are provided with insertion holes. The top of the support column 31 is matched and inserted into the insertion hole of the corresponding transverse handle 13, and is fixed together by anti-detachment pins 32. In use, the distance between the two moving wheels in the same support wheel set and the inner wall of the support cylinder can be adjusted synchronously by pulling the transverse handle. Four detection handles 22 are evenly spaced on the outer ring surface of the detection cylinder 2 along the circumferential direction. The detection handles 22 can drive the detection cylinder to rotate back and forth to achieve circumferential scanning.

[0030] Four sets of detection units are evenly spaced along the circumference of the inner wall of the support cylinder. Each set of detection units includes two detection modules 5 spaced apart along the axial direction. The four sets of detection units comprise eight detection modules, ensuring no blind spots on the outer circumference of the pipe. Each detection module 5 includes a sliding mechanism 51 and an eddy current detection probe 52. The eddy current detection probe uses a high-frequency eddy current sensor, capable of capturing micron-level deformation on the pipe surface. The eddy current detection probe is used to detect the pipe to be inspected. The eddy current detection probe is fixedly installed inside the detection cylinder via the sliding mechanism. The sliding mechanism allows adjustment of the distance between the first eddy current detection probe and the inner wall of the detection cylinder. Furthermore, the detection distances between the two eddy current detection probes in the same set and the pipe to be inspected are different. Specifically: The sliding mechanism 51 includes a guide sleeve 511, a lifting column 512, and a lifting control assembly. The guide sleeve 511 is radially fixedly installed on the outer ring wall of the detection cylinder and radially welded to the outer ring wall of the support cylinder. The inner wall of the guide sleeve is machined with a guide groove. The lifting column is axially slidably installed in the guide sleeve through the guide groove. The bottom of the lifting column extends downward into the support cylinder and is fixedly connected to the eddy current detection probe. The lifting control assembly is fixedly installed on the top of the guide sleeve and connected to the lifting column. The lifting control assembly can adjust the size of the lifting column extending into the detection cylinder.

[0031] The lifting control assembly includes a plugging cap 513, a screw 514, and a screw cap 515. The plugging cap 513 is installed on the top of the guide sleeve by a threaded plug. A threaded hole is machined axially in the middle of the plugging cap 513. The screw 514 is threadedly fitted into the threaded hole. The bottom end of the screw 514 is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting column through a deep groove ball bearing. The screw cap 515 is welded and fixed to the top of the screw. By rotating the screw cap, the operator can drive the screw to move axially, thereby causing the lifting column to slide up and down, realizing the manual adjustment of the detection distance between the eddy current detection probe and the outer wall of the pipeline.

[0032] Furthermore, in each detection unit, one of the detection modules has an electromagnetic drive assembly inside its lifting column. The lifting column is connected to the eddy current detection probe via the electromagnetic drive assembly. The electromagnetic drive assembly is connected to a controller, which, during the detection process, can repeatedly adjust the distance between the eddy current detection probe and the pipe to be inspected within an effective range via the electromagnetic drive assembly. This enables the eddy current detection probe of the detection module to achieve dynamic distance scanning. Specifically: The electromagnetic drive assembly includes a slider 53, an electromagnet 55, and a top spring b58. A control cavity 56 is axially located within the lifting column 512. The electromagnet 55 is fixedly mounted on the top of the control cavity and connected to a controller. During detection, the controller outputs pulse signals to control the repeated starting and stopping of the electromagnet. The slider slides axially within the control cavity below the electromagnet, and a permanent magnet is fitted on the top of the slider. The upward-facing end of the permanent magnet has the same magnetic pole direction as the downward-facing end of the electromagnet. A connecting rod 57 is vertically mounted on the bottom of the slider, extending downwards from the lifting column and connecting to the eddy current detection probe. The top spring b58 is fitted onto the connecting rod within the lifting column below the slider. In its natural state, the top spring b pushes the slider upwards towards the electromagnet. During detection, when the electromagnet is energized, a repulsive force pushes the slider downwards, causing the eddy current detection probe to approach the pipe. When the electromagnet is de-energized, the reset top spring b pushes the slider upwards to reset, causing the eddy current detection probe to move away from the pipe, thus achieving reciprocating dynamic scanning of the eddy current detection probe within an effective detection distance (1-5mm).

[0033] The data processing module connects to each eddy current detection probe, receiving inductance change signals collected by each probe in real time. The module incorporates a preprocessing algorithm to filter, amplify, and convert the collected signals from analog to digital. Then, through a comparative analysis algorithm, it fuses and analyzes the fixed-distance detection data from the "static probe" (without electromagnetic drive components) and the dynamic distance scanning data from the "dynamic probe" (with electromagnetic drive components) within the same detection unit. When the pipeline is undeformed, the signal change patterns collected by the static and dynamic probes at the same location conform to a preset baseline curve. When the pipeline exhibits minor deformation, the deformed area causes the actual distance between the probe and the pipeline to deviate from the preset value, resulting in abnormal fluctuations in the signal change curve. By calculating the amplitude, frequency, and distribution of these abnormal fluctuations, the data processing module can accurately determine the specific parameters of the pipeline deformation (deformation location, deformation amount, deformation range) and display the detection results in real time on an external display screen.

[0034] This device replaces manual handheld inspection by employing a collaborative design of static multi-distance benchmark detection and dynamic distance scanning detection. Combined with a dual-mode distance adjustment system featuring both manual precision adjustment and electromagnetic dynamic drive, it effectively solves the signal distortion and missed detection problems caused by unstable detection distances during manual operation. Utilizing the coaxial linkage structure of the support and detection components and multiple evenly distributed detection units around the circumference, it achieves 360° all-around scanning of pipelines without blind spots, completely avoiding the blind zone defects of manual scanning. The elastic adaptive guiding and positioning mechanism ensures high-precision coaxial positioning without manual adjustment and can adapt to pipelines of different diameters, significantly improving adaptability and inspection efficiency. Multi-source data fusion analysis logic can accurately quantify key deformation parameters, significantly improving detection accuracy and reliability, fully meeting the automated and high-precision inspection needs of key fields. Example

[0035] This embodiment, based on the device described in the above embodiments, provides a high-precision monitoring and detection method for minute deformations in pipelines using an eddy current sensor, comprising the following steps: S1: Open the latches of the support cylinder and the detection cylinder, disassemble the two half-cylinders and fit them onto the starting detection position of the pipeline to be tested, close the half-cylinders and lock the latches to ensure that the device is stable and fixed; at this time, under the pushing force of the top spring, the support wheel assembly of the guide positioning mechanism moves the wheel close to the outer wall of the pipeline, automatically realizing the coaxial positioning of the support cylinder and the pipeline. After positioning, check whether the device can move smoothly along the axial direction of the pipeline.

[0036] S2: By rotating the screw caps of each detection module, adjust the detection distance between the two static probes in each detection unit so that the distances between the two static probes and the pipe in the same group are 2mm and 5mm respectively (the detection signals at different distances are complementary, improving the deformation recognition rate); start the controller and set the start-stop frequency of the electromagnetic drive component to 30Hz, so that the dynamic probe starts to scan back and forth in the range of 1-5mm. At the same time, the reference signal of each probe is calibrated through the data processing module to ensure the accuracy of the initial detection state.

[0037] S3: The operator pushes the support cylinder and the detection cylinder with the handle to adjust the detection position of the device. After each adjustment, the operator drives the detection cylinder to rotate circumferentially relative to the support cylinder with the handle on the detection cylinder. The rotation range is 90° (360° / 4 detection units), ensuring that the 4 detection units can cover the entire outer circumference of the pipeline without any blind spots. During the detection process, each static probe continuously collects the pipeline surface signal at a fixed distance, and the dynamic probe continuously collects the scanning signal at a dynamic distance. All signals are transmitted to the data processing module in real time.

[0038] S4: The data processing module performs fusion analysis on the received static and dynamic signals. By comparing the difference between the reference curve and the actual signal curve, it identifies whether there is any minor deformation in the pipeline. If deformation exists, it calculates the axial position, circumferential angle, deformation amount, and deformation range of the deformed part, and displays the detection results on the display screen in real time. At the same time, it stores the detection data for subsequent traceability. If there is no deformation, it continues to move the device along the pipeline axis and repeats steps S3-S4 until the detection of the entire pipeline is completed.

[0039] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformations in pipelines using an eddy current sensor, characterized in that, The system includes a support cylinder, a detection cylinder, a guide and positioning mechanism, a detection unit, and a data processing module. The support cylinder is coaxially fitted onto the pipe to be inspected via the guide and positioning mechanism and can move axially along the pipe. The detection cylinder is fitted onto the pipe to be inspected on the rear side of the support cylinder and is rotatably connected to the front support cylinder. At least one handle is fixed to the outer side of both the support cylinder and the detection cylinder along the circumferential direction. Multiple sets of detection units are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the support cylinder. Each detection unit includes two detection modules spaced axially. Each detection module includes a sliding mechanism and an eddy current detection probe. The eddy current detection probe is used to inspect the pipe and is fixedly installed inside the detection cylinder via the sliding mechanism. The sliding mechanism allows adjustment of the distance between the first eddy current detection probe and the inner wall of the detection cylinder, and the detection distances between the two eddy current detection probes in the same set and the pipe to be inspected are different. The data processing module is connected to each eddy current detection probe and is used to receive detection data corresponding to different detection distances and determine the minor deformation state of the pipe to be inspected based on the detection data.

2. The high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the support cylinder and the detection cylinder are openable and closable cylindrical structures. The end of the support cylinder facing the detection cylinder is coaxially fixed with an annular rotating seat. The outer ring surface of the rotating seat is provided with multiple guide grooves spaced apart along the axial direction. The end of the detection cylinder facing the support cylinder can be fitted onto the annular rotating seat. The inside of the detection cylinder is provided with multiple guide ring platforms spaced apart along the axial direction that match the guide grooves. The guide ring platform is composed of two half-annular bosses.

3. The high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guiding and positioning mechanism includes at least three sets of support wheel groups evenly spaced along the circumferential direction. Each support wheel group includes two support wheel assemblies spaced along the axial direction. Each support wheel assembly includes a support column that is radially slidably mounted on the wall of the support cylinder. The outer end of the support column extends outward from the support cylinder and is equipped with an anti-detachment component. A U-shaped wheel seat is fixedly mounted on the inner end of the support column. A movable wheel is rotatably mounted inside the U-shaped wheel seat. A top spring is fitted on the support column between the U-shaped wheel seat and the inner wall of the support cylinder. In its natural state, the top spring will push the U-shaped wheel seat inward away from the inner wall of the support cylinder.

4. The high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sliding mechanism includes a guide sleeve, a lifting column, and a lifting control assembly. The guide sleeve is fixedly installed radially on the outer ring wall of the detection cylinder. The lifting column is slidably installed axially inside the guide sleeve, with its bottom extending downward into the detection cylinder and fixedly connected to the eddy current detection probe. The lifting control assembly is fixedly installed on the top of the guide sleeve and connected to the lifting column. The lifting control assembly can adjust the size of the lifting column extending into the detection cylinder.

5. The high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting control assembly includes a sealing cap installed on the top of the guide sleeve. The sealing cap has a threaded hole in the middle along the axial direction and a screw is threadedly fitted on it. The bottom end of the screw is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting column, and a screw cap is fixedly installed on the top of the screw.

6. The high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each detection module has an electromagnetic drive component installed in any one of the lifting columns. The lifting column is connected to the eddy current detection probe through the electromagnetic drive component. The electromagnetic drive component is connected to a controller. During the detection process, the controller can repeatedly adjust the distance between the eddy current detection probe and the pipe to be detected within the effective range through the electromagnetic drive component.

7. The high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using an eddy current sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic drive assembly includes a slider, a connecting sleeve, an electromagnet, and a top spring. A control cavity is axially located within the lifting column. The electromagnet is fixedly installed on the top of the control cavity and connected to a controller. During the detection process, the controller repeatedly starts and stops the electromagnet. The slider is axially slidably installed within the control cavity below the electromagnet, and a permanent magnet is fitted at the top of the slider. The upward-facing end of the permanent magnet has the same magnetic pole direction as the downward-facing end of the electromagnet. A connecting rod is vertically installed at the bottom of the slider, extending downwards from the lifting column and connecting to the eddy current detection probe. The top spring is fitted onto the connecting rod within the lifting column below the slider, and in its natural state, the top spring pushes the slider upwards towards the electromagnet.

8. A high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformations in pipelines using an eddy current sensor, characterized in that, The high-precision monitoring and detection device for minute deformation of pipelines using the eddy current sensor according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: S1: The detection device is coaxially mounted with the pipeline to be detected through the support component, and the guide positioning mechanism keeps the support component and the pipeline to be detected coaxially positioned. S2: By adjusting the distance adjustment components of each detection module in the detection unit, the detection distance between each eddy current detection probe and the pipeline to be detected in the same group of detection units is adjusted so that the detection distance of each eddy current detection probe is different from that of the others. S3: Drive the support component and the detection component to move axially relative to the pipe to be detected, and at the same time drive the detection component to rotate circumferentially relative to the support component, so that each eddy current detection probe can perform all-round scanning detection of the outer circumference of the pipe. S4: The data processing module receives the detection data collected by each eddy current detection probe in real time, and compares and analyzes the detection data corresponding to different detection distances to determine the minor deformation state of the pipeline to be detected.

9. The high-precision monitoring and detection method for minute deformations in pipelines using an eddy current sensor according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S2, at least one eddy current detection probe is connected to the lifting component via an electromagnetic drive assembly. In step S3, the controller controls the electromagnetic drive assembly to start, causing the eddy current detection probe to move radially back and forth, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the detection distance. The data processing module combines the detection data of the static detection distance with the detection data of the dynamic detection distance for comprehensive analysis to determine the state of minor deformation of the pipeline.

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