Unmanned aerial vehicle-oriented airborne fusion electricity testing device and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle electricity testing, and particularly relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle-oriented airborne fusion electricity testing device and a use method thereof, and the device comprises an aerial operation system which is carried on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform and carries out the electricity testing operation; the ground monitoring system is in communication connection with the aerial operation system and receives and displays the electricity testing result; the aerial operation system comprises an electricity testing module and a sky end control and communication module. The electricity testing module comprises a contact type electricity testing sub-module for detecting the electrified state of the power transmission line through physical contact and a non-contact type electricity testing sub-module for detecting the electrified state of the power transmission line through an electric field induction mode; and if any one of the contact type electricity testing sub-module and the non-contact type electricity testing sub-module detects that the power transmission line is electrified, the non-contact type electricity testing sub-module detects that the power transmission line is electrified. If yes, determining that the power transmission line is in a power-on state; the sky end control and communication module is electrically connected with the electricity testing module, outputs an electricity testing result based on a preset logic judgment rule, and sends the electricity testing result to a ground monitoring system in a wireless communication mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of UAV voltage testing technology, specifically relating to an airborne fusion voltage testing device for UAVs and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] Voltage detection of high-voltage transmission lines is a critical safety step in the operation, maintenance, and repair of power systems. Accurately determining whether a line is energized ensures the safety of personnel and the stable operation of power equipment. Traditional voltage detection methods primarily rely on manual contact testing using an insulated rod carrying a voltage detector (or voltage ring). Workers must climb to the pole or use an insulated boom truck to approach the high-voltage line, bringing the voltage detector into direct contact with the line. The condition of the line is determined by observing whether the voltage detector emits an audible and visual alarm. This process involves close or even direct contact with live high-voltage lines, posing a significant risk of electric shock. Meanwhile, working at heights also brings safety hazards such as falls; the voltage testing process requires the cooperation of multiple workers (including operators at height and ground monitoring personnel), the preparation work is cumbersome, and climbing and positioning take a long time. Completing a voltage testing task often takes several hours, which is difficult to meet the needs of rapid response and maintenance of modern power systems; in complex terrain areas such as mountains, swamps, and crossing rivers, it is difficult for personnel to reach or the length of the insulating rod is limited, which makes it impossible to carry out voltage testing work, forming a "voltage testing blind spot"; the sound and light signals of traditional voltage detectors may be difficult to accurately capture and judge in noisy or bright light environments, relying on the subjective experience of the operators, which poses a risk of misjudgment; different voltage levels require insulating rods of different lengths, and the carrying, storage and maintenance of insulating tools are relatively inconvenient.

[0004] With the maturity of drone technology, using drones for power line inspection has become a trend. Existing technologies include some drone-based voltage testing solutions, such as suspending traditional contact voltage detectors on the drone or using electric field sensors for non-contact measurement. However, these solutions either rely solely on contact or non-contact methods, lacking multiple verification mechanisms, resulting in insufficient reliability of the voltage testing results. Non-contact methods are susceptible to environmental electromagnetic interference, while single-method contact methods cannot solve the problems of stable drone contact and insulation safety. Furthermore, the integration of voltage testing devices with the drone platform, communication system, and ground monitoring system is low, failing to form a complete and intelligent operational system. In complex power electromagnetic environments, wireless communication is easily interfered with, leading to data transmission interruptions or delays, affecting real-time judgment by ground personnel. The inability to dynamically adjust insulation performance according to on-site voltage levels and environmental conditions poses safety hazards. Ground terminal information display is not intuitive, and the drone's image transmission function is not fully utilized for auxiliary judgment.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) airborne voltage testing solution that can overcome the above-mentioned defects and integrate safety, efficiency, reliability, and intelligence. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes an airborne integrated voltage testing device and its usage method for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Addressing the problems of high risks associated with contact-based voltage testing techniques, limited use of insulating rods, blind spots in voltage testing, and unclear contact status judgment, this invention utilizes high-sensitivity sensing elements to capture the microscopic deformation of the probe and the UAV platform, integrating non-contact and contact voltage testing functions. This dual mechanism enhances voltage testing reliability and enables real-time monitoring and remote control of the voltage testing process.

[0007] According to some embodiments, the first aspect of the present invention provides an airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), employing the following technical solution: An airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) includes: An aerial operation system, configured to be mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform and perform electrical testing operations; A ground monitoring system is configured to communicate with the aerial operation system to receive and display the voltage testing results. The aerial operation system includes a voltage detection module and a sky-end control and communication module. The voltage detection module includes a contact-type voltage detection module that detects the energization of the transmission line through physical contact and a non-contact-type voltage detection module that detects the energization of the transmission line through electric field induction. If either the contact-type or non-contact-type voltage detection module detects that the transmission line is energized, the transmission line is determined to be in an energized state. The sky-end control and communication module is electrically connected to the voltage detection module and is used to process the signals from the contact-type and non-contact-type voltage detection modules, output the voltage detection result based on preset logical judgment rules, and transmit the voltage detection result to the ground monitoring system via wireless communication.

[0008] As a further technical limitation, the contact-type electronic detection module includes a flexible probe and a deformation sensing unit. The flexible probe is used to contact the transmission line and generate deformation, and the deformation sensing unit is used to detect the deformation and convert it into a first electrical signal. The flexible probe is fixed to the end of the insulating rod using a triangular support structure.

[0009] As a further technical limitation, an airborne fusion voltage detection device for UAVs also includes an adaptive smart insulation structure disposed on the support structure of the voltage detection module. The adaptive smart insulation structure includes a smart gel material whose insulation performance increases with the intensity of the external electric field and a shape memory alloy for maintaining the shape stability of the support structure under environmental changes.

[0010] As a further technical limitation, the ground monitoring system includes a wireless receiving module for receiving data from the sky-end control and communication module, a display unit for displaying the voltage detection result, and an alarm module for issuing audible, visual, and tactile alarms when the voltage detection result indicates that the device is energized.

[0011] As a further technical limitation, the aerial operation system also includes an image acquisition module for acquiring images or videos of the contact process between the voltage detection module and the transmission line and sending them to the ground monitoring system for display.

[0012] As a further technical limitation, the sky-end control and communication module also includes a data encryption unit for encrypting data sent to the ground monitoring system, a multi-mode wireless communication unit that supports at least two different wireless communication technologies and automatically switches to a backup communication channel when the quality of the main communication channel is below a threshold, and an electromagnetic environment detection unit for real-time monitoring of environmental electromagnetic interference and dynamically adjusting the communication frequency of the multi-mode wireless communication unit based on the monitoring results.

[0013] As a further technical limitation, an airborne fusion voltage testing device for UAVs also includes a flight control system that is communicatively connected to the air-end control and communication module for receiving voltage testing results and device location information and adjusting the flight status of the UAV.

[0014] As a further technical limitation, the non-contact electronic detection module uses a power frequency electric field sensor for detecting the electric field strength around the transmission line and outputting a second electrical signal.

[0015] According to some embodiments, the second aspect of the present invention provides a method for using an airborne fusion voltage detector for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which adopts the airborne fusion voltage detector for UAVs provided in the first aspect, and employs the following technical solution: A method for using an airborne fusion voltage detector for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) includes: The drone equipped with the aforementioned aerial operation system was controlled to fly close to the target power transmission line; Establish physical contact between the contact-type electronic detection module and the transmission line; The electric field around the transmission line is detected by the non-contact electronic detection module. In the sky-end control and communication module, based on the output of the contact-type electronic detection module and the output of the non-contact electronic detection module, an electronic detection result is generated according to a preset logical judgment rule; The voltage detection result is transmitted wirelessly to the ground monitoring system for display, and an alarm is triggered when the system determines that there is power.

[0016] As a further technical limitation, a method for using an airborne fusion voltage testing device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) further includes: sending the voltage testing results and device location information to the flight control system of the UAV, and having the flight control system assist in controlling the flight attitude or path of the UAV based on the information.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention fundamentally eliminates the risks of high-altitude operations and direct electric shock for workers. Operators remain in a safe area on the ground throughout the process and complete all high-risk operations remotely via drones, providing a double safety guarantee for the integrated voltage detection mechanism and intelligent insulation structure. The use of a fusion of contact and non-contact verification criteria, which mutually corroborate each other, greatly reduces the possibility of misjudgment or omission by a single sensor, ensuring accurate and reliable voltage detection results.

[0018] This invention utilizes drones, simplifying the operational process and reducing the required personnel from 3-5 in the traditional model to 1-2. Drones are highly mobile, enabling them to quickly reach the work site, eliminating climbing and preparation time. The time for a single voltage testing operation is reduced from several hours to tens of minutes, significantly decreasing labor costs. Drones can easily reach complex terrain areas inaccessible to personnel, effectively eliminating "voltage testing blind spots." Innovative multi-mode, adaptive wireless communication technology ensures the stability and continuity of data transmission in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0019] This invention is deeply integrated with the UAV flight control system, enabling information interaction and intelligent collaboration. The ground monitoring system integrates images, data, and alarms, providing an intuitive and rich human-machine interface, facilitating quick and accurate decision-making by operators. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this embodiment, are used to provide a further understanding of this embodiment. The illustrative embodiments and their descriptions are used to explain this embodiment and do not constitute an improper limitation of this embodiment.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Among them, 1. Flexible probe; 2. Deformation limit switch; 3. Voltage detection controller; 4. Power frequency electric field sensor; 5. Control and acquisition terminal; 6. Fiber optic communication module; 7. Airborne camera; 8. Insulated and stable bracket; 9. UAV flight platform. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0023] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further illustration of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.

[0024] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] In this invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "back," "vertical," "horizontal," "side," and "bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used only to facilitate the description of the structural relationships of the various components or elements of this invention and do not specifically refer to any component or element in this invention. They should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0026] In this invention, terms such as "fixed connection," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly, indicating a fixed connection, an integral connection, or a detachable connection; a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can determine the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances, and they should not be construed as limitations on the invention.

[0027] Where there is no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0028] Example 1 Embodiment 1 of this invention introduces an airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).

[0029] The airborne fusion voltage detection device for UAVs in this embodiment consists of two main parts: an aerial operation system and a ground monitoring system; these will be described in detail below: The aerial operation system in this embodiment is mounted on a multi-rotor drone and includes a drone platform and a voltage detection load installed on it. The voltage detection load is connected to the drone via a gimbal to ensure stability during flight.

[0030] The voltage detection load specifically includes a lightweight insulating rod, a voltage detection module, an overhead control and communication module, a wireless transmission module, and a backup audible and visual alarm unit. The lightweight insulating rod is made of composite material using computer 3D modeling and 3D printing technology, and features light weight, high strength, and good insulation performance. The voltage detection module is fixed to the front end of the insulating rod.

[0031] The voltage detection module is the core of the voltage detection function, integrating both contact and non-contact voltage detection modules. The contact voltage detection module includes a flexible metal wire probe and a deformation sensing unit. The flexible metal wire probe adopts a triangular support structure design to enhance stability when in contact with the wire. When the probe contacts the wire and undergoes microscopic deformation, the deformation sensing unit (such as a high-sensitivity strain gauge or a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sensor) converts the deformation into an electrical signal. This submodule is also equipped with a relay; once stable contact is confirmed, the relay actuates, outputting a signal containing the "contact confirmed" status and deformation data.

[0032] The contact-type electronic detection module is primarily an electric field sensor used to detect the power frequency electric field generated around transmission lines. This sensor is small, omnidirectional, and has a large detection range. The sensor is connected to an indicator light (such as an LED), which illuminates when a valid electric field is detected, providing initial visual feedback in the field.

[0033] The airborne control and communication module includes a main controller employing a low-power microcontroller (such as MSP430F5529) responsible for acquiring and processing signals from contact and non-contact electron detectors, as well as a data fusion and logic judgment unit. The data fusion and logic judgment unit, integrated into the main controller, executes the following judgment logic: if either the contact or non-contact electron detector detects a live characteristic (such as a deformation signal exceeding a threshold and an effective electric field signal, or an electric field strength exceeding a threshold), the line is determined to be in a "powered" state; only when neither detects a live characteristic is the line determined to be in a "power-off" state. In this embodiment, the wireless transmission module adopts a multi-mode wireless communication scheme, with core components including a LoRa module and a 4G module (such as USR-LTE-7S4). It is responsible for transmitting the electron detection results (powered / power-off), device status, and raw sensor data to the ground.

[0034] It should be noted that the primary and backup channels (e.g., 4G as primary and LoRa as backup) in the wireless transmission module of this embodiment can automatically and seamlessly switch when one is interfered with; the integrated electromagnetic environment detection unit can monitor the intensity and frequency band of surrounding electromagnetic interference in real time and dynamically adjust the communication frequency to a frequency band with less interference; the built-in signal amplifier can instruct the drone to hover or fly to the best communication position when communication conditions are poor, acting as a temporary relay node; the transmitted data is encrypted using AES-128 or higher encryption algorithms; and it communicates with the drone flight control system through a serial port or CAN bus, feeding back information such as the voltage detection position and line status to the flight control in real time, so that the flight control can intelligently adjust the drone's attitude (e.g., maintain a safe distance from the line) or execute preset avoidance actions.

[0035] In this embodiment, the backup audible and visual alarm unit retains the traditional audible and visual alarm interface (such as a buzzer or LED). In the extreme case of complete failure of wireless communication, it can still provide local audible and visual alerts to on-site operators (provided the drone is within visual range). Through the image acquisition and transmission module integrated into the drone gimbal or set up independently, it captures video footage of the contact process between the voltage detection module and the transmission line in real time, and transmits it to the ground through the image transmission module (usually using the drone's own image transmission system or 4G network) to provide visual guidance and status confirmation for the operators.

[0036] The ground monitoring system in this embodiment is used by operators in a safe area on the ground. It includes a wireless receiving module, a ground control and display module, an image receiving and display module, and a handheld terminal / control station. The wireless receiving module corresponds to the wireless transmitting module of the aerial operation system and receives voltage detection data, status information, and location information. The ground control and display module includes a main controller using a microcontroller, a display unit, and an alarm module.

[0037] In this embodiment, the display unit uses an OLED screen or touchscreen to clearly display information such as the power line status ("energized" or "de-energized"), contact status, drone location, signal strength, and battery level. Upon receiving a "energized" status, an audible and visual alarm is immediately triggered (e.g., a speaker emits an alarm sound, and the screen flashes red), strongly alerting the operators. The image receiving and display module receives real-time video streams from the air and displays them on the monitor, assisting in drone operation and monitoring the voltage testing process. Display, alarm, and control functions are integrated through a handheld terminal / control station, which can be a dedicated device or a tablet or smartphone with a specific application installed.

[0038] It should be noted that this embodiment incorporates an adaptive intelligent insulation adjustment structure inside or on the surface of the lightweight insulating rod to enhance overall safety performance. The designed adaptive intelligent insulation adjustment structure includes an intelligent gel material layer and a shape memory alloy skeleton. The dielectric constant or resistivity of the intelligent gel material layer changes with the intensity of the external electric field. When approaching a high-voltage line and the electric field intensifies, the material automatically improves its insulation performance. The shape memory alloy skeleton is embedded in the insulating rod. When changes in ambient temperature and humidity cause slight deformation of the insulating rod, the shape memory alloy drives the structure to return to its optimal insulation state, maintaining stable insulation distance and performance.

[0039] by Figure 1 For example, the airborne fusion voltage detection device for UAVs in this embodiment includes a flexible probe 1, a deformation limit switch 2, a voltage detection controller 3, a power frequency electric field sensor 4, a control acquisition terminal 5, an optical fiber communication module 6, an airborne camera 7, an insulating and stable support 8, and a UAV flight platform 9. The operator takes off the UAV from a safe area about 50 meters away from the target 110kV line; controls the UAV to fly close to the line, and through real-time video on a tablet, finely adjusts the position so that the flexible probe at the front end of the insulating rod slowly contacts the conductor. The video clearly shows that the probe bends slightly after contacting the conductor; the main controller at the sky receives... The system receives a "contact" signal (a sudden and stable change in deformation sensor reading) and an effective electric field signal from the electric field sensor (intensity significantly higher than the background value). The logic unit, based on an "OR" logic, immediately determines the line is "energized." This result, along with a timestamp and GPS location, is encrypted and transmitted primarily via the 4G network to a ground-based tablet. Upon receiving the data, the monitoring software on the tablet displays "Electrified! Danger!" in large red font in the center of the interface, accompanied by a continuous series of rapid beeping alarms. After operator confirmation, the drone smoothly detaches from the power line and returns to base. Throughout the process, the communication link remains stable, and no data is lost. The system automatically generates a report for this operation.

[0040] This embodiment fundamentally eliminates the risks of high-altitude operations and direct electric shock for enterprise personnel. Operators remain in a safe area on the ground throughout the process and complete all high-risk operations remotely via drones, providing a double safety guarantee for the integrated voltage detection mechanism and intelligent insulation structure. The adoption of a fusion of contact and non-contact verification criteria, which mutually corroborate each other, greatly reduces the possibility of misjudgment or omission by a single sensor, ensuring accurate and reliable voltage detection results.

[0041] This embodiment utilizes drones, simplifying the operation process and reducing the required personnel from 3-5 in the traditional model to 1-2. Drones are highly mobile and can quickly reach the work site, eliminating climbing and preparation time. The time for a single voltage testing operation is shortened from several hours to tens of minutes, significantly reducing labor costs. Drones can easily reach complex terrain areas inaccessible to personnel, effectively eliminating "voltage testing blind spots." Innovative multi-mode, adaptive wireless communication technology ensures the stability and continuity of data transmission in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0042] This embodiment is deeply integrated with the UAV flight control system, enabling information interaction and intelligent collaboration. The ground monitoring system integrates images, data, and alarms, providing an intuitive and rich human-machine interface, facilitating quick and accurate decision-making by operators.

[0043] Example 2 Embodiment 2 of the present invention introduces a method for using an airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0044] A method for using an airborne fusion voltage detector for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) includes: The drone equipped with the aforementioned aerial operation system was controlled to fly close to the target power transmission line; Establish physical contact between the contact-type electronic detection module and the transmission line; The electric field around the transmission line is detected by the non-contact electronic detection module. In the sky-end control and communication module, based on the output of the contact-type electronic detection module and the output of the non-contact electronic detection module, an electronic detection result is generated according to a preset logical judgment rule; The voltage detection result is transmitted wirelessly to the ground monitoring system for display, and an alarm is triggered when the system determines that there is power.

[0045] As one or more implementation methods, this embodiment requires pre-operation preparations before use, including at least checking the power of the drone and the voltage testing device and the working status of each module; ground operators are located in a safe area, the ground monitoring system is turned on, and a communication connection with the aerial operation system is established; the drone's flight path and target power transmission line are planned.

[0046] As one or more implementation methods, in this embodiment, the operator controls the drone to fly towards the target power transmission line; through the real-time images displayed by the ground monitoring system, the relative position of the drone and the line is observed, and the drone's attitude is finely adjusted so that the voltage detection module gradually approaches the line.

[0047] In this embodiment, a drone is used to make a flexible metal wire probe make stable contact with the power transmission line. Image transmission confirms the establishment of physical contact; the contact-based electron detector module detects probe deformation, triggers a relay, and sends a "contact achieved" signal to the main controller at the air end; the non-contact electron detector module continuously monitors the electric field strength around the line; the main controller at the air end simultaneously receives both contact signals (deformation data) and non-contact signals (electric field data); the data fusion and logic judgment unit makes a judgment based on preset logic. a. If contact has been established, and (the deformation data exceeds the threshold or the electric field strength exceeds the threshold), then the line is determined to be "energized"; b. If contact has been established and both deformation data and electric field strength are below the threshold, the line is determined to be "out of power"; c. Even if no contact is established, but the electric field strength significantly exceeds the environmental background value, a "suspected charge" warning can still be issued.

[0048] In this embodiment, the voltage testing results, sensor data, and device status information are encrypted and then transmitted to the ground monitoring system via a wireless transmission module (preferably a 4G network).

[0049] In this embodiment, the airborne fusion voltage detection device for UAVs receives data from the ground wireless receiving module, decrypts it, and hands it over to the ground controller for processing. The display unit clearly displays the "power on" or "power off" status. If the status is "power on", the alarm module immediately activates the audible and visual alarm to alert all personnel present. Operators can simultaneously view real-time images and verify the voltage detection process and results multiple times.

[0050] It should be noted that throughout the process, the electromagnetic environment adaptive communication mechanism works continuously to ensure link stability; if the communication quality deteriorates, the system automatically switches to the backup channel or activates the signal enhancement mode; the voltage detection device feeds back the line status and its own position to the UAV flight control system in real time, and the flight control system can assist the UAV in maintaining a safe hovering position, or execute safety strategies such as automatic retreat when a risk is determined; after the voltage detection is completed, the operator controls the UAV to detach from the line and return to the takeoff point.

[0051] The detailed steps are the same as the working principle of the airborne fusion voltage detection device for UAVs provided in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this practice and is not intended to limit the scope of this practice. Various modifications and variations can be made to this practice by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this practice should be included within the protection scope of this practice.

Claims

1. An airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), characterized in that, include: An aerial operation system, configured to be mounted on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform and perform electrical testing operations; A ground monitoring system is configured to communicate with the aerial operation system to receive and display the voltage testing results. The aerial operation system includes a voltage detection module and a sky-end control and communication module. The voltage detection module includes a contact-type voltage detection module that detects the energization of the transmission line through physical contact and a non-contact-type voltage detection module that detects the energization of the transmission line through electric field induction. If either the contact-type or non-contact-type voltage detection module detects that the transmission line is energized, the transmission line is determined to be in an energized state. The sky-end control and communication module is electrically connected to the voltage detection module and is used to process the signals from the contact-type and non-contact-type voltage detection modules, output the voltage detection result based on preset logical judgment rules, and transmit the voltage detection result to the ground monitoring system via wireless communication.

2. The airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The contact-type electronic detection module includes a flexible probe and a deformation sensing unit. The flexible probe is used to contact the transmission line and generate deformation, and the deformation sensing unit is used to detect the deformation and convert it into a first electrical signal. The flexible probe is fixed to the end of the insulating rod using a triangular support structure.

3. The airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an adaptive smart insulation structure disposed on the support structure of the voltage detection module. The adaptive smart insulation structure includes a smart gel material whose insulation performance increases with the increase of the external electric field strength and a shape memory alloy for maintaining the shape stability of the support structure under environmental changes.

4. The airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The ground monitoring system includes a wireless receiving module for receiving data from the sky-end control and communication module, a display unit for displaying the voltage detection results, and an alarm module for issuing audible, visual, and tactile alarms when the voltage detection results indicate that the device is energized.

5. The airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The aerial operation system also includes an image acquisition module for acquiring images or videos of the contact process between the voltage detection module and the transmission line and sending them to the ground monitoring system for display.

6. The airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sky-end control and communication module also includes a data encryption unit for encrypting data sent to the ground monitoring system, a multi-mode wireless communication unit that supports at least two different wireless communication technologies and automatically switches to a backup communication channel when the quality of the main communication channel is below a threshold, and an electromagnetic environment detection unit for real-time monitoring of environmental electromagnetic interference and dynamically adjusting the communication frequency of the multi-mode wireless communication unit based on the monitoring results.

7. The airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a flight control system that is connected to the air-end control and communication module for receiving the voltage test results and device location information and adjusting the flight status of the UAV.

8. The airborne fusion voltage detection device for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The non-contact electronic detection module uses a power frequency electric field sensor to detect the electric field strength around the transmission line and output a second electrical signal.

9. A method of using an airborne fusion voltage detector for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), comprising the airborne fusion voltage detector for UAVs as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: The drone equipped with the aforementioned aerial operation system was controlled to fly close to the target power transmission line; Establish physical contact between the contact-type electronic detection module and the transmission line; The electric field around the transmission line is detected by the non-contact electronic detection module. In the sky-end control and communication module, based on the output of the contact-type electronic detection module and the output of the non-contact electronic detection module, an electronic detection result is generated according to a preset logical judgment rule; The voltage detection result is transmitted wirelessly to the ground monitoring system for display, and an alarm is triggered when the system determines that there is power.

10. A method of using an airborne fusion voltage detector for unmanned aerial vehicles as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: The electrical testing results and device location information are sent to the UAV's flight control system, which then uses this information to assist in controlling the UAV's flight attitude or path.

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