Large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication cooling system based on phase change self-circulation

Abstract

This invention proposes a large-scale vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation, belonging to the field of vertical motor lubrication and cooling technology. It solves the problems of complex installation, high water consumption, high leakage risk, and high cost inherent in existing large-scale vertical motor thrust and guide bearing lubrication and cooling systems. The guide bearing is assembled and installed on the inner wall of the base and outer cover assembly, while the thrust bearing is assembled and installed at the bottom inside the base and outer cover assembly. The lower end face of the thrust head fits into the thrust bearing assembly to form a thrust sliding pair, and its lateral outer circular surface contacts the guide bearing assembly to form a guide sliding pair. The inner hole of the thrust head is connected to the main shaft and rotates synchronously with the main shaft. Phase change material fills the internal cavity of the thrust head, and a spiral finned cooler communicates with the internal cavity of the thrust head. This invention combines the phase change heat transfer characteristics of the phase change material to achieve a self-cooling cycle without external cooling water and power, simplifying the equipment structure, reducing operating costs, and improving system stability and service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of lubrication and cooling technology for large vertical motors. Specifically, it relates to an optimized thrust head structure and a matching lubrication and cooling system based on self-circulating heat exchange using phase change materials, which does not require external cooling water or power drive. It is suitable for heat dissipation scenarios of thrust bearings and guide bearings in large vertical motors with power of 500kW and above. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, thrust bearings and guide bearings of large vertical motors generally use lubricating oil as the lubricating medium. To ensure lubrication effectiveness and prevent lubricating oil failure due to high temperatures, a dedicated cooler is required to force-cool the lubricating oil. This traditional technical solution has the following significant drawbacks:

[0003] Installation is complex and maintenance costs are high: the cooler needs to be installed separately and a circulating cooling water pipeline needs to be laid, which requires high installation space and construction precision (the installation period for a single unit is 3-5 days); during long-term use, the cooling water pipeline is prone to scaling and corrosion, requiring a shutdown for maintenance once a quarter, increasing the annual maintenance cost by 50,000-80,000 yuan, and significantly increasing the workload of equipment operation and maintenance.

[0004] High water consumption: The cooler relies on continuous circulating cooling water for heat exchange. A single 1000kW large motor requires 15-20m³ of cooling water per hour, with an annual water consumption of over 120,000m³, which is inconsistent with the current industry development trend of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0005] The risk of water leakage is high and the consequences are serious: there are potential leakage hazards at the connection between the cooling water pipe and the cooler, as well as in the pipe itself. The probability of leakage increases with the number of years of use (the probability of leakage exceeds 20% after 3 years of use). Once a water leakage occurs, the cooling water will enter the lubricating oil system, causing the lubricating oil to emulsify and deteriorate, which will lead to bearing wear, abnormal motor noise and other malfunctions. In severe cases, it may cause the motor to stop or even be scrapped. The loss of a single failure can reach hundreds of thousands of yuan.

[0006] High oil storage and replacement costs: To meet lubrication and cooling requirements, the oil tank needs to store a large amount of lubricating oil (the oil storage capacity of a single unit is usually between 500-2000L), which not only increases the initial oil storage investment of the equipment, but also requires the lubricating oil to be replaced every 6 months, with each replacement consuming more than 80% of the oil, resulting in high operating costs.

[0007] The equipment has a loose structure: independent components such as coolers, cooling water pipes, and large oil tanks are scattered, occupying a total space of 3-5m³, which is not conducive to the compact design of the overall motor structure and limits its application in confined installation scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, and in response to the problems of complex installation, high water consumption, high risk of leakage, and high cost of existing large vertical motor thrust and guide bearing lubrication and cooling systems, this invention provides a large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation. Through innovative design of the thrust head structure and combined with the phase change heat transfer characteristics of phase change materials, a self-cooling cycle without external cooling water and power is achieved, simplifying the equipment structure, reducing operating costs, and improving system stability and service life.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation, comprising a base and outer cover assembly, a guide plate assembly, a thrust plate assembly, a thrust head, a clamping plate, a main shaft, a spiral finned cooler, and a phase change material.

[0010] The base and outer cover are fixed to the main equipment frame. The guide plate is installed on the inner wall of the base and outer cover assembly. The thrust plate is installed at the bottom inside the base and outer cover assembly. The lower end face of the thrust head fits against the thrust plate assembly to form a thrust sliding pair. Its outer lateral surface contacts the guide plate assembly to form a guide sliding pair. The inner hole of the thrust head is connected to the main shaft and rotates synchronously with the main shaft. The clamping plate is installed between the two to bear the axial force downward from the main shaft. The phase change material fills the internal cavity of the thrust head to realize the absorption and release of heat. The spiral fin cooler is connected to the internal cavity of the thrust head.

[0011] Furthermore, the base and outer cover assembly includes an outer cover, a thrust bearing assembly mounting seat, an oil baffle, and a guide bearing assembly mounting seat. The thrust bearing assembly mounting seat is installed at the bottom inside the outer cover, the guide bearing assembly mounting seat is installed on the side wall, and the oil baffle is installed at the center.

[0012] Furthermore, the guide plate assembly includes several guide plate adjusting bolts, several guide plate blocks, and several guide plate block support plates. The guide plate block support plates are installed inside the outer cover, and the guide plate blocks are installed between the support plates. The guide plate adjusting bolts are threaded to the outer cover, and their heads abut against the outer circle of the guide plate blocks. The thread can be adjusted by rotating the bolts to move the threads forward and backward, thereby adjusting the fit clearance between the guide plate blocks and the thrust head.

[0013] Furthermore, the thrust bearing assembly includes a thrust bearing seat, several thrust bearing adjusting bolts, and several thrust bearing blocks. The thrust bearing seat is annular, and several thrust bearing blocks are fixed to the thrust bearing seat by several thrust bearing adjusting bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, the thrust head includes a thrust head cavity, vertical ribs, a gaseous phase change material outlet, and a liquid phase change material return port. The thrust head cavity is equipped with vertical ribs, and the thrust head cavity is provided with a gaseous phase change material outlet and a liquid phase change material return port. The thrust head cavity is filled with phase change material.

[0015] Furthermore, the cavity volume of the thrust head accounts for 50%-60% of the total volume of the thrust head.

[0016] Furthermore, in the stress-bearing area of ​​the thrust head, 8-12 radially distributed vertical ribs are arranged, which are respectively connected to the inner wall, outer wall and upper and lower ring plates of the thrust head.

[0017] Furthermore, the spiral finned cooler includes a return pipe, a liquid collecting pipe, and a spiral cooling pipe. Several return pipes are evenly arranged circumferentially below the liquid collecting pipe. The inlet of the return pipe is connected to the liquid collecting pipe, and the outlet extends to the bottom of the thrust head cavity. The end of the spiral cooling pipe is connected to the annular liquid collecting pipe and is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the top of the thrust head. The other end of the spiral cooling pipe is connected to the outlet of the gaseous phase change material.

[0018] Furthermore, the spiral cooling pipe has a spiral structure that spirals upwards, with the spiral radius gradually increasing along the upward direction, and the outer surface of the spiral cooling pipe is uniformly sprayed with a high thermal conductivity coating with a thickness of 0.1-0.2mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the return pipe adopts a variable diameter structure with a gradually increasing radius from top to bottom. By utilizing the centrifugal force generated during the rotation of the thrust head, the liquefied phase change material is thrown to the inside of the collection pipe and then returned through the return pipe, achieving self-circulation without the need for external power.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation described in this invention are:

[0021] 1. Eliminate the risk of water leakage and simplify installation: Completely eliminate the traditional cooler and circulating cooling water pipes, fundamentally avoiding the problem of lubricating oil emulsification caused by cooling water leakage; reduce the installation process by 60%, shorten the installation period of a single piece of equipment to 1-2 days, and significantly reduce the construction difficulty and space requirements.

[0022] 2. Significantly reduced operating costs: No need to consume circulating cooling water, saving more than 120,000 m³ of water resources annually; phase change materials can be recycled for a long time, extending the replacement cycle to more than 5 years (the replacement cycle of traditional lubricating oil is 6 months); the oil tank storage capacity is reduced by more than 70%, reducing annual operating costs by 60%-70%.

[0023] 3. Self-cooling without power, saving more energy: It uses the latent heat of phase change of phase change material and the centrifugal force of the thrust head to achieve self-circulation, without the need for additional cooling water pumps, fans and other power equipment, which can save 5,000-8,000 kWh of electricity consumption per year.

[0024] 4. More stable heat exchange efficiency: Radial vertical ribs increase the heat exchange contact area, spiral finned cooling pipes and high thermal conductivity coating enhance the heat dissipation effect, and variable diameter return pipes ensure smooth circulation of phase change materials; Tests show that when the motor is running at full load, the bearing temperature can be stably controlled below 70℃, and the cooling efficiency fluctuation range is ≤5%, which is suitable for the heat dissipation requirements of the motor under different loads.

[0025] 5. Compact structure and high reliability: The thrust head and cooling components are integrated into a single design, reducing the overall space occupied by the equipment to 1-1.5m. 3 The number of vulnerable parts is reduced by 70%, the probability of equipment failure is reduced to less than 5% (the probability of failure of traditional structure exceeds 20%), the operational reliability is significantly improved, and the service life of motor is extended by 3-5 years. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 This is a rotated sectional view of the thrust head, lubrication and cooling system, and auxiliary parts of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a sectional view of the base and outer cover;

[0029] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of guide tile assembly;

[0030] Figure 4 Top view of the thrust bearing assembly;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 4 AA cross-section view;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a diagram of the thrust head structure;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 BB cross-section;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a spiral finned cooler;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a CC cross-sectional view of the spiral cooling pipe;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a top view of a spiral finned cooler. As can be seen from the figure, the spiral cooling tubes are spiraling upwards, and the radius gradually increases along the upward direction.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the reflux tube angle. It extends in a funnel shape to the bottom of the hollow cavity of the thrust head. The arrow in the diagram indicates that the vertical tube is not vertical. The pitch circle diameter at the bottom is larger than that at the top. The larger the diameter, the greater the centrifugal force. The liquid will flow in the direction of the greater centrifugal force and will go downward.

[0038] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0040] In the diagram: 1-Base and outer cover assembly, 2-Guide pad assembly, 3-Thrust pad assembly, 4-Thrust head, 5-Clamping plate, 6-Main shaft, 7-Spiral fin cooler, 8-Phase change material, 11-Outer cover, 12-Thrust pad assembly mounting seat, 13-Oil baffle, 14-Guide pad assembly mounting seat, 21-Guide pad adjusting bolt, 22-Guide pad block, 23-Guide pad block support plate, 31-Thrust pad seat, 32-Thrust pad adjusting bolt, 33-Thrust pad block, 41-Vertical rib through hole, 42-Thrust head cavity, 43-Vertical rib, 44-Gaseous phase change material outlet, 45-Liquid phase change material return port, 71-Return pipe, 72-Liquid collection pipe, 73-Spiral cooling pipe, 731-Fins with high thermal conductivity coating, 732-Heat dissipation pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the drawings, and not all of them. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0042] See Figure 1-13 This embodiment describes a large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation, including a base and outer cover assembly 1, a guide plate assembly 2, a thrust plate assembly 3, a thrust head 4, a clamping plate 5, a main shaft 6, a spiral finned cooler 7, and a phase change material 8.

[0043] The base and outer cover assembly 1 are fixed to the main equipment frame; the guide plate assembly 2 is installed on the inner wall of the base and outer cover assembly 1, and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction according to the product model. The thrust plate assembly 3 is installed on the thrust plate assembly mounting base 12, and the lower end face of the thrust head 4 fits against the thrust plate assembly 3 to form a thrust sliding pair, and its side outer circular surface contacts the guide plate block 22 to form a guide sliding pair. The inner hole of the thrust head 4 is connected to the main shaft 6 and rotates synchronously with the main shaft 6. The clamping plate 5 is set between the two to bear the large downward axial force of the main shaft 6. The phase change material 8 fills the internal cavity of the thrust head 4 to realize the absorption and release of heat, and the spiral fin cooler 7 is connected to the internal cavity of the thrust head 4.

[0044] The base and outer cover assembly 1 includes an outer cover 11, a thrust bearing assembly mounting seat 12, an oil baffle 13, and a guide bearing assembly mounting seat 14. The thrust bearing assembly mounting seat 12 is installed at the bottom inside the outer cover 11, the guide bearing assembly mounting seat 14 is installed on the side wall, and the oil baffle 13 is installed at the center.

[0045] The guide plate assembly 2 includes several guide plate adjusting bolts 21, several guide plate blocks 22, and several guide plate block support plates 23. The guide plate block support plates 23 are installed inside the outer cover 11, and the guide plate blocks 22 are installed between the guide plate block support plates 23, which can effectively prevent the guide plate from sinking. The guide plate adjusting bolts 21 are threadedly connected to the outer cover 11, and their heads abut against the outer circle of the guide plate blocks 22. The thread can be moved in and out by rotating the bolts, thereby adjusting the fit clearance between the guide plate blocks 22 and the thrust head 4.

[0046] The thrust bearing assembly 3 includes a thrust bearing seat 31, a plurality of thrust bearing adjusting bolts 32 and a plurality of thrust bearing blocks 33. The thrust bearing seat 31 is annular, and a plurality of thrust bearing blocks 33 are fixed on the thrust bearing seat 31 by a plurality of thrust bearing adjusting bolts 32.

[0047] The thrust head 4 includes a thrust head cavity 42, a vertical rib 43, a gaseous phase change material outlet 44, and a liquid phase change material return port 45. The vertical rib 43 is installed inside the thrust head cavity 42. The gaseous phase change material outlet 44 and the liquid phase change material return port 45 are provided on the thrust head cavity 42. The thrust head cavity 42 is filled with phase change material 8.

[0048] The spiral finned cooler 7 includes a return pipe 71, a liquid collecting pipe 72, and a spiral cooling pipe 73. Four to six return pipes 71 are evenly arranged circumferentially below the liquid collecting pipe 72. The inlet of the return pipe 71 is connected to the liquid collecting pipe 72, and the outlet extends to the bottom of the thrust head cavity 42. The end of the spiral cooling pipe 73 is connected to the annular liquid collecting pipe 72 and is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the top of the thrust head 4. The other end of the spiral cooling pipe 73 is connected to the gaseous phase change material outlet 44.

[0049] Hollow reinforced thrust head structure: The traditional solid thrust head is replaced with a hollow structure with an internal cavity. The volume of the thrust head cavity 42 accounts for 50%-60% of the total volume of the thrust head 4. The thrust head cavity 42 is filled with phase change material 8 for phase change heat transfer. In the stress area of ​​the thrust head 4, 8-12 radially distributed vertical ribs 43 are arranged, which are connected to the inner wall, outer wall and upper and lower ring plates of the thrust head 4, respectively. This not only enhances the structural strength of the stress area, but also increases the contact area with the phase change material 8 in the thrust head cavity 42 (the contact area is increased by more than 50%), thereby enhancing the heat transfer efficiency.

[0050] Top spiral finned cooling tube assembly: A spiral finned cooler 7 with fins is fixedly installed on the top of the thrust head 4 exposed outside the bearing. The spiral cooling tube 73 is made of copper alloy or stainless steel, and its inlet is connected to the thrust head cavity 42 of the thrust head 4. The spiral cooling tube 73 has a spiral structure that spirals upward. The number of spiral turns is determined according to the structural dimensions. The spiral radius gradually increases along the upward direction to match the upward path of the phase change material after vaporization. The outer surface of the spiral cooling tube 73 is uniformly sprayed with a high thermal conductivity coating with a thickness of 0.1-0.2mm to further improve the heat exchange efficiency. The end of the spiral cooling tube 73 is connected to the annular liquid collection tube 72 and is coaxially set on the outer side of the top of the thrust head 4.

[0051] Self-circulating reflux system: 4-6 reflux pipes 71 are evenly arranged circumferentially below the liquid collection pipe 72. The reflux pipes 71 are made of stainless steel or copper alloy. The inlet is connected to the liquid collection pipe 72 and the outlet extends to the bottom of the thrust head cavity 42. The reflux pipes 71 adopt a variable diameter structure with the radius gradually increasing from top to bottom to guide the liquefied phase change material to flow smoothly back to the heating area at the bottom of the hollow cavity. Using the centrifugal force generated during the rotation of the thrust head 4, the liquefied phase change material is thrown to the inside of the liquid collection pipe 72 and then refluxed through the reflux pipes 71 to achieve self-circulation without external power.

[0052] Phase change material selection: Based on the operating temperature range of the thrust bearing (usually 50-120℃), select a phase change material with a phase change temperature of 60-80℃. Prefer environmentally friendly and renewable organic phase change materials such as bio-based ester mixture systems, environmentally friendly alcohol derivative systems, and modified polyethylene glycol systems to suit the sealing environment of the hollow cavity.

[0053] The heat exchange cycle principle of this invention is as follows: heat is generated when the bottom of the thrust head 4 contacts the thrust bearing assembly 3 and the side of the thrust head contacts the guide bearing assembly 2. The heat is transferred to the phase change material 8 in the hollow cavity through the thrust head wall and vertical ribs. After absorbing heat, the phase change material 8 vaporizes, expands in volume, and enters the cooling pipe along the rising path of the spiral cooling pipe 73. In the cooling pipe, the phase change gas exchanges heat with the outside air and at the same time, it quickly dissipates heat through the fins 731 with high thermal conductivity coating and gradually liquefies. The liquefied phase change material is thrown to the liquid collection pipe 72 under the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the thrust head 4, and then flows smoothly back to the bottom of the hollow cavity through the variable diameter return pipe 71 to reabsorb heat and complete the phase change cycle, thereby achieving continuous self-cooling.

[0054] The assembly method of the large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation described in this invention is as follows:

[0055] 1. The base and outer cover assembly 1 (which may be replaced by the upper frame in the actual product) is placed on a reliable plane with a diameter of ≤0.5mm / m.

[0056] 2. Secure the thrust bearing assembly 3 to the thrust bearing assembly mounting base 12 with bolts, and adjust the thrust bearing adjusting bolt 32 so that the levelness of the upper surface of the thrust bearing is less than 0.02mm.

[0057] 3. Install the guide plate assembly 2 on the guide plate assembly mounting base 14, and adjust the gap between the guide plate block 22 and the thrust head 4 to 0.2-0.3mm using the guide plate adjusting bolt 21 (the gap may vary depending on the diameter of the thrust head).

[0058] 4. Install the thrust head 4 on the main shaft 6 using a heat-shrink fitting and lock it on the main shaft 6 with a clamping plate 5 to prevent the thrust head 4 from moving axially.

[0059] 5. Install a spiral finned cooler 7 on the thrust head 4, insert the return pipe 71 into the return port 45 of the liquid phase change material, and reliably seal it with the return pipe 71.

[0060] 6. The bottom of the heat sink 732 is connected to the outlet 44 of the gaseous phase change material and is reliably sealed.

[0061] 7. During operation, the main shaft 6 rotates with the motor (the speed is usually 300-500 r / min), which drives the thrust head 4 and the spiral fin cooler 7 to rotate. The thrust head 4 generates heat due to frictional contact with the thrust pad 33 and the guide pad 22, which vaporizes the phase change material 8 from liquid to gas. The gaseous phase change material enters the spiral fin cooler 7 through the gaseous phase change material outlet 44 and is cooled and liquefied. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid is thrown into the liquid collection pipe 72 and returns to the bottom of the thrust head 4 along the return pipe 71 with the radius gradually increasing, waiting for the next cycle.

[0062] The key design features of this invention are:

[0063] 1. Integrated structural design: The thrust head 4 and the phase change cooling chamber are integrated into one design, eliminating the need for traditional independent coolers. This reduces the overall size of the equipment by more than 40%, solving the problems of complex cooler installation and large space occupation.

[0064] 2. Enhanced integration of heat exchange and structural support: The radially radiating vertical rib structure is adopted to simultaneously enhance strength (avoid structural weakness caused by hollowing) and increase heat exchange area, thus solving the core contradiction of insufficient strength of the thrust head 4 after hollowing.

[0065] 3. Powerless self-circulation design: The spiral cooling pipe 73 with gradually changing radius and the variable diameter return pipe 71 are combined with centrifugal force to realize the powerless self-circulation of the phase change material 8, without the need for external cooling water and drive equipment.

[0066] 4. Optimized High-Efficiency Heat Dissipation: The combination of a high thermal conductivity coating and fins enhances the heat dissipation efficiency of the phase change gas, ensuring the stability of the phase change cycle and adapting to the heat dissipation requirements of the motor within a load range of 50%-120%.

[0067] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicating orientation and positional relationships are based on the orientation and positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0068] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementations described. Many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention.

Claims

1. A large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation, characterized in that: It includes a base and outer cover assembly (1), a guide plate assembly (2), a thrust plate assembly (3), a thrust head (4), a clamping plate (5), a main shaft (6), a spiral finned cooler (7), and a phase change material (8). The base and outer cover assembly (1) is fixed to the main equipment frame. The guide plate assembly (2) is installed on the inner wall of the base and outer cover assembly (1). The thrust plate assembly (3) is installed at the bottom inside the base and outer cover assembly (1). The lower end face of the thrust head (4) fits with the thrust plate assembly (3) to form a thrust sliding pair. Its side outer circular surface contacts the guide plate assembly (2) to form a guide sliding pair. The inner hole of the thrust head (4) is connected to the main shaft (6) and rotates synchronously with the main shaft (6). The clamping plate (5) is embedded in the main shaft (6) and contacts the upper surface of the thrust head (4) to bear the downward axial force of the main shaft (6). The phase change material (8) fills the internal cavity of the thrust head (4) to realize the absorption and release of heat. The spiral fin cooler (7) is connected to the internal cavity of the thrust head (4). The thrust head (4) includes a thrust head cavity (42), vertical ribs (43), a gaseous phase change material outlet (44), and a liquid phase change material return port (45). The vertical ribs (43) are installed inside the thrust head cavity (42). The gaseous phase change material outlet (44) and the liquid phase change material return port (45) are provided on the thrust head cavity (42). A spiral finned cooler (7) is installed on the thrust head (4). The spiral finned cooler (7) includes a return pipe (71), a liquid collecting pipe (72), and a spiral cooling pipe (73). Several return pipes (71) are evenly arranged circumferentially below the liquid collecting pipe (72). The inlet of the return pipe (71) is connected to the liquid collecting pipe (72), and the outlet extends to the bottom of the thrust head cavity (42). The end of the spiral cooling pipe (73) is connected to the liquid collecting pipe (72) and is coaxially arranged on the outside of the top of the thrust head (4). The other end of the spiral cooling pipe (73) is connected to the outlet (44) of the gaseous phase change material.

2. The large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The base and outer cover assembly (1) includes an outer cover (11), a thrust bearing assembly mounting seat (12), an oil baffle (13), and a guide bearing assembly mounting seat (14). The thrust bearing assembly mounting seat (12) is installed at the bottom inside the outer cover (11), the guide bearing assembly mounting seat (14) is installed on the side wall, and the oil baffle (13) is installed at the center.

3. The large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide plate assembly (2) includes several guide plate adjusting bolts (21), several guide plate blocks (22) and several guide plate block support plates (23). The guide plate block support plates (23) are installed inside the outer cover (11), and the guide plate blocks (22) are installed between the guide plate block support plates (23). The guide plate adjusting bolts (21) are threadedly connected to the outer cover (11), and their heads abut against the outer circle of the guide plate blocks (22). The thread advance and retreat are achieved by rotating the bolts, thereby adjusting the fit clearance between the guide plate blocks (22) and the thrust head (4).

4. The large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The thrust pad assembly (3) includes a thrust pad seat (31), a number of thrust pad adjusting bolts (32) and a number of thrust pad blocks (33). The thrust pad seat (31) is annular, and a number of thrust pad blocks (33) are fixed on the thrust pad seat (31) by a number of thrust pad adjusting bolts (32).

5. The large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thrust head cavity (42) is filled with phase change material (8).

6. The large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the thrust head cavity (42) accounts for 50%-60% of the total volume of the thrust head (4).

7. The large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the stress area of ​​the thrust head (4), 8-12 radially distributed vertical ribs (43) are arranged, which are connected to the inner wall, outer wall and upper and lower ring plates of the thrust head (4) respectively.

8. The large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral cooling pipe (73) has a spiral structure that spirals upwards, and the spiral radius gradually increases along the upward direction. The outer surface of the spiral cooling pipe (73) is uniformly sprayed with a high thermal conductivity coating with a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm.

9. The large vertical motor thrust head and lubrication and cooling system based on phase change self-circulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The return pipe (71) adopts a variable diameter structure with the radius gradually increasing from top to bottom. By using the centrifugal force generated during the rotation of the thrust head (4), the liquefied phase change material is thrown to the inside of the collection pipe (72) and then returned through the return pipe (71), realizing self-circulation without external power.

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