Intelligent monitoring system for communication room based on edge computing and implementation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of communication machine room monitoring, and discloses a communication machine room intelligent monitoring system based on edge computing and an implementation method thereof.The method is as follows: an edge gateway is connected with intelligent equipment through a network interface, and a monitoring unit is connected with traditional equipment through a serial port interface; when a new device is connected, the edge gateway identifies a protocol type and generates a communication parameter configuration; serial port equipment data is collected according to the communication parameter configuration, a data collection time deviation of the edge gateway and the monitoring unit is calculated, when the data collection time deviation exceeds a preset threshold value, the edge gateway acquires a standard UTC time, and a first local clock of the edge gateway and a second local clock of the monitoring unit are calibrated to the standard UTC time.Through the cooperative division mechanism of the edge gateway and the embedded monitoring unit, the application realizes full-coverage collection of network equipment and serial port equipment, and further improves the intelligent level and operation and maintenance efficiency of the communication machine room monitoring system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication equipment room monitoring technology, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring system for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing and its implementation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing number and variety of communication equipment in data centers, traditional monitoring systems face numerous challenges in terms of device access, data acquisition, and alarm response. When adding new devices, existing monitoring systems require maintenance personnel to manually identify the device's communication protocol type and configure parameters such as baud rate, data bits, and stop bits one by one. This configuration process is time-consuming and error-prone, severely impacting the efficiency of rapid device deployment.

[0003] Current monitoring systems generally employ an independent operation mode for edge gateways or embedded monitoring units. This often results in repeated data collection of the same device parameters, leading to data redundancy and wasted network bandwidth. Furthermore, single data sources cannot cross-verify when measurement deviations or transmission errors occur, resulting in insufficient reliability of monitoring data. In addition, the edge gateway and monitoring unit each maintain independent clocks, and the asynchronous data collection timestamps prevent accurate alignment during multi-source data fusion processing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring system for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing and its implementation method. This invention establishes a collaborative division of labor mechanism between edge gateways and embedded monitoring units, thereby achieving full coverage data collection from network devices and serial port devices, and thus improving the intelligence level and operation and maintenance efficiency of the communication equipment room monitoring system.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides an intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The edge gateway connects to smart devices via a network interface, while the monitoring unit connects to traditional devices via a serial port interface.

[0007] When a new device is connected, the edge gateway sequentially sends a Modbus function code read holding register instruction, an SNMP GetRequest message, and a DL / T645 read data instruction to identify the protocol type and generate communication parameter configuration.

[0008] According to the communication parameters, the edge gateway is configured to collect network device data and the monitoring unit is configured to collect serial port device data. The data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit is calculated. When the data acquisition time deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the edge gateway obtains standard UTC time and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time.

[0009] Optionally, in a first implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the edge gateway connects to the smart device via a network interface, and the monitoring unit connects to the traditional device via a serial port interface, including:

[0010] The edge gateway connects to the smart device through a network interface and is responsible for parsing and preprocessing data using Modbus-TCP, SNMP, and BACnet protocols. The monitoring unit connects to the traditional device through a serial port interface and is responsible for parsing DL / T645 and Modbus-RTU protocols.

[0011] The edge gateway and the monitoring unit establish a UDP communication connection via a local Ethernet. The monitoring unit encapsulates the raw data packets collected by the serial port into UDP data packets and sends them to the preset port of the edge gateway.

[0012] The edge gateway receives the raw data packets uploaded by the monitoring unit, aggregates them with the network device data it collects, and reports them uniformly to the intelligent monitoring and management system.

[0013] Optionally, in a second implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the edge gateway connects to the smart device via a network interface and is responsible for parsing and preprocessing data using the Modbus-TCP, SNMP, and BACnet protocols; the monitoring unit connects to the traditional device via a serial port interface and is responsible for parsing the DL / T645 and Modbus-RTU protocols, including:

[0014] The edge gateway sends Modbus-TCP read commands to the UPS uninterruptible power supply through the IP network interface to obtain output voltage parameters, battery voltage parameters and output load rate parameters; sends SNMP GetRequest messages to the precision air conditioner through the E1 interface to obtain temperature setpoint and operating status parameters; and sends BACnet protocol messages to the intelligent power distribution cabinet through the PTN interface to obtain voltage, current and power factor parameters.

[0015] The edge gateway performs preprocessing operations such as data format conversion, invalid data filtering, and data unit unification.

[0016] The monitoring unit sends Modbus-RTU read commands to the temperature and humidity sensor via the RS485 serial port interface to obtain temperature and humidity parameters, sends DL / T645 read data commands to the smoke detector via the RS485 serial port interface to obtain smoke concentration parameters, and obtains access control status parameters from the access control controller via the RS232 serial port interface and performs transparent serial transmission and local protocol parsing.

[0017] Optionally, in a third implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, when a new device is connected, the edge gateway sequentially sends a Modbus function code read holding register instruction, an SNMP GetRequest message, and a DL / T645 read data instruction to identify the protocol type and generate communication parameter configuration, including:

[0018] When a new device is connected, the edge gateway sequentially sends a Modbus function code read holding register instruction, an SNMP GetRequest message, and a DL / T645 read data instruction, waits for the device's response, and records the response message;

[0019] Based on the response message, the new device is determined to be a DL / T645 protocol device, a Modbus-RTU protocol device, or an SNMP protocol device;

[0020] Based on the identified protocol type, a communication parameter configuration is generated, and a unique device identifier ID is assigned to the new device and stored in the device configuration database.

[0021] Optionally, in a fourth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, determining whether the new device is a DL / T645 protocol device, a Modbus-RTU protocol device, or an SNMP protocol device based on the response message includes:

[0022] Extract the frame header identifier byte at the first byte position, the function code field at the second byte position, the data length field of the data segment, and the checksum field at the end from the complete byte sequence of the response message;

[0023] The extracted frame header identifier bytes are matched with the DL / T645 protocol features 68H frame start character and 16H end character, the function code field is matched with the Modbus function code, and the check mode field is matched with CS cumulative check and CRC16 cyclic redundancy check.

[0024] When the frame header identifier byte is 68H and the last byte is 16H and the verification method is CS check, the new device is determined to be a DL / T645 protocol device. When the function code field is a Modbus function code and the verification method is CRC16 check, the new device is determined to be a Modbus-RTU protocol device. When the response message uses ASN.1 encoding and contains the GetResponse PDU type, the new device is determined to be an SNMP protocol device.

[0025] Optionally, in a fifth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the edge gateway is configured to collect network device data and the monitoring unit is configured to collect serial port device data according to the communication parameters. The data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit is calculated. When the data acquisition time deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the edge gateway acquires standard UTC time and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time, including:

[0026] According to the communication parameters, the edge gateway is configured to send a read command to the UPS uninterruptible power supply to obtain the output voltage parameters, battery voltage parameters and output load rate parameters and encapsulate them as network device data. The monitoring unit is configured to send read commands to the temperature and humidity sensor and the access controller to obtain the temperature parameters, humidity parameters and access status parameters and encapsulate them as serial port device data.

[0027] The monitoring unit sends the serial port device data to the edge gateway via the UDP protocol. The edge gateway extracts the first acquisition time of the network device data and the second acquisition time of the serial port device data to calculate the data acquisition time deviation.

[0028] When the data acquisition time deviation is greater than a preset threshold, the edge gateway sends a time synchronization request to the NTP time server to obtain the standard UTC time, and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time.

[0029] Optionally, in a sixth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing further includes:

[0030] Extract the UPS uninterruptible power supply output voltage parameters from the network device data and the serial port device data, obtain the gateway output voltage value collected by the edge gateway and the monitoring unit output voltage value collected by the monitoring unit through the voltage sensor, calculate the difference between the gateway output voltage value and the monitoring unit output voltage value and divide it by the monitoring unit output voltage value to obtain the voltage relative deviation.

[0031] The voltage relative deviation is compared with a consistency threshold. When the voltage relative deviation is less than the consistency threshold, the voltage data is determined to be consistent and the voltage fusion value is calculated.

[0032] The normal counter or abnormal counter is incremented according to the voltage fusion value, and the low-frequency mode, medium-frequency mode or high-frequency mode is switched according to the continuous accumulation number of the normal counter or abnormal counter.

[0033] Optionally, in a seventh implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, the normal counter or the abnormal counter is incremented according to the voltage fusion value, and the low-frequency mode, medium-frequency mode, or high-frequency mode is switched according to the continuous accumulation number of the normal counter or the abnormal counter, including:

[0034] Based on the voltage fusion value, the battery voltage parameter, output load rate parameter and temperature parameter of the UPS uninterruptible power supply are extracted. The battery voltage parameter is compared with the normal threshold range of battery voltage, the output load rate parameter is compared with the normal threshold range of load rate, and the temperature parameter is compared with the normal threshold range of temperature.

[0035] If the battery voltage parameter is within the normal threshold range of battery voltage, the output load rate parameter is within the normal threshold range of load rate, and the temperature parameter is within the normal threshold range of temperature, then the normal counter is incremented by 1 and the abnormal counter is cleared to zero; otherwise, the abnormal counter is incremented by 1 and the normal counter is cleared to zero.

[0036] When the normal counter accumulates for a first preset number of consecutive counts, it switches from the current acquisition frequency mode to the low frequency mode. When the abnormal counter accumulates for a second preset number of consecutive counts, it switches from the current acquisition frequency mode to the high frequency mode. The edge gateway generates a frequency switching command and synchronizes it to the monitoring unit.

[0037] Optionally, in an eighth implementation of the first aspect of the present invention, it further includes:

[0038] The battery voltage parameter is compared with the battery low voltage alarm threshold, and the battery voltage value of the i-th acquisition cycle and the battery voltage value of the (i-1)-th acquisition cycle are extracted to calculate the voltage change rate.

[0039] Compare the voltage change rate with the voltage abnormal change rate threshold, count the number of UPS devices in the computer room whose output load rate exceeds the load rate threshold, and compare them with the associated abnormal threshold.

[0040] When the battery voltage parameter is less than the battery low voltage alarm threshold, or the absolute value of the voltage change rate is greater than the voltage abnormal change rate threshold, or the number of overloaded UPS devices is greater than or equal to the associated abnormal threshold, the edge gateway generates a local control command and executes the device power-off command, the backup power supply command, or the non-critical load disconnection command through the relay control module.

[0041] The edge gateway reports alarm data to the intelligent monitoring and management system, which then pushes alarms through SMS gateways, email servers, and telephone voice platforms.

[0042] This invention also provides an intelligent monitoring system for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing, comprising:

[0043] The connection module is used for the edge gateway to connect to smart devices via a network interface, and for the monitoring unit to connect to traditional devices via a serial port interface.

[0044] The identification module is used to identify the protocol type and generate communication parameter configuration by sequentially sending Modbus function code read holding register instruction, SNMP GetRequest message and DL / T645 read data instruction through the edge gateway when a new device is connected.

[0045] The calibration module is configured to drive the edge gateway to collect network device data and the monitoring unit to collect serial port device data according to the communication parameters, calculate the data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit, and when the data acquisition time deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the edge gateway obtains standard UTC time and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time.

[0046] In summary, the technical solution provided by this invention achieves full coverage data collection from network devices and serial devices by establishing a collaborative division of labor mechanism between the edge gateway and the embedded monitoring unit. The edge gateway is responsible for network protocol parsing and data preprocessing for intelligent devices, while the monitoring unit is responsible for serial protocol parsing and transparent transmission for traditional devices. Both use the UDP protocol for data aggregation, avoiding blind spots in single-device data collection. By designing an automatic protocol identification algorithm based on message feature matching, when a new device connects, the edge gateway sequentially sends Modbus, SNMP, and DL / T645 probe commands and automatically determines the protocol type and generates communication parameter configurations based on the frame header identifier, function code field, and verification method of the response message. This achieves plug-and-play functionality, eliminating the time cost and error risk of manual configuration. Furthermore, by calculating the data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit... Triggering NTP time synchronization unifies the calibration of multi-source data to standard UTC time, resolving the data fusion inaccuracy problem caused by timestamp discrepancies. By extracting gateway and monitoring unit data for the same device and parameter, calculating the relative deviation, and generating a fused value using a weighted average method, the accuracy and reliability of monitoring data are improved. By extracting device operating parameters from the fused value and comparing them with normal threshold ranges, and dynamically switching between low-frequency, medium-frequency, and high-frequency modes based on the continuous cumulative count of normal or abnormal counters, network load is reduced when devices are functioning normally, and response speed is accelerated when devices malfunction. By determining whether the fused value exceeds alarm thresholds, whether parameter change rates are abnormal, or whether multi-device load rates are correlated abnormally, collaborative linkage between rapid local control of the edge gateway and intelligent optimization in the cloud is achieved, improving the intelligence level and operational efficiency of the communication equipment room monitoring system. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the steps of an intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a system architecture diagram showing the collaborative division of labor between the edge gateway and the embedded monitoring unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the automatic identification process of random connection device protocols in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a block diagram of the intelligent monitoring system for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0053] Reference Figure 1 This embodiment provides an intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing, including the following steps:

[0054] S1, the edge gateway connects to smart devices through a network interface, and the monitoring unit connects to traditional devices through a serial port interface;

[0055] Figure 2 The overall architecture of the intelligent monitoring system for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing consists of an edge gateway module, which includes a protocol identification module and a data preprocessing module. It connects to intelligent devices such as UPS uninterruptible power supplies, precision air conditioners, and intelligent power distribution cabinets via IP network interfaces, E1 interfaces, and PTN interfaces, respectively, and is responsible for parsing Modbus-TCP, SNMP, and BACnet network protocols. The embedded monitoring unit module includes a serial port data processing module, which connects to temperature and humidity sensors (Modbus-RTU protocol) and smoke detectors (DL / T645 protocol) via RS485 interfaces, and to access controllers via RS232 interfaces for transparent serial transmission. The data aggregation unit enables data interaction between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit via local Ethernet, and reports the aggregated data to the intelligent monitoring management system via a 4G / 5G wireless network. The intelligent monitoring management system integrates an NVR video module, a WEB management interface, an alarm push module, and an NTP time server, realizing video monitoring, visual management, multi-channel alarms, and time synchronization functions.

[0056] S2, when a new device is connected, the edge gateway sequentially sends Modbus function code read holding register instruction, SNMP GetRequest message and DL / T645 read data instruction to identify the protocol type and generate communication parameter configuration;

[0057] Figure 3 The algorithm flow for automatic protocol identification when a new device is connected is as follows: Upon detection of a new device, three probe commands are sent in parallel, including Modbus probe, SNMP probe, and DL / T645 probe. After receiving the response message, message features are extracted. The algorithm then enters a protocol decision tree. The first level checks whether the first byte is 68H and the last byte is 16H, and uses CS checksum. If so, it is identified as DL / T645 protocol. Otherwise, the second level checks whether the function code is 03H, and uses CRC16 checksum. If so, it is identified as Modbus-RTU protocol. Otherwise, the third level checks whether it is ASN.1 encoded and contains GetResponse. If so, it is identified as SNMP protocol. If all three levels of checks are correct, the device is output as unidentified. The three-level decision tree enables automatic identification of the protocol type of randomly connected devices.

[0058] S3, according to the communication parameter configuration, drive the edge gateway to collect network device data and the monitoring unit to collect serial port device data, calculate the data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit, and when the data acquisition time deviation exceeds the preset threshold, the edge gateway obtains the standard UTC time and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time.

[0059] In one example, the edge gateway connects to the smart device via a network interface, and the monitoring unit connects to the traditional device via a serial port interface, including:

[0060] The edge gateway connects to smart devices through a network interface and is responsible for parsing and preprocessing data using Modbus-TCP, SNMP, and BACnet protocols. The monitoring unit connects to traditional devices through a serial port interface and is responsible for parsing DL / T645 and Modbus-RTU protocols.

[0061] The edge gateway and the monitoring unit establish a UDP communication connection via a local Ethernet. The monitoring unit encapsulates the raw data packets collected by the serial port into UDP data packets and sends them to the preset port of the edge gateway.

[0062] The edge gateway receives the raw data packets uploaded by the monitoring unit, aggregates them with the network device data it collects, and reports them to the intelligent monitoring and management system.

[0063] In this example, the edge gateway connects to devices in the communication room, such as UPS uninterruptible power supplies, smart air conditioners, smart meters, and environmental control terminals, which have Ethernet or leased-line communication capabilities, via Ethernet ports or PTN links. It selects appropriate parsing logic according to the protocol type used by the corresponding device. For the Modbus-TCP protocol, the parsing process requires separating the TCP frame structure to extract function codes, register addresses, and data fields, followed by data verification and unit conversion. For the SNMP protocol, data parsing requires decoding PDU fields, OID tree structures, and corresponding parameter values ​​based on ASN.1 format, supporting the retrieval and mapping of device MIB information. The BACnet protocol involves operations such as separating network layer and application layer messages, parsing object types and attribute tags, and identifying priority markers, ultimately converting the message information of all network devices into a standardized parameter value data structure. Meanwhile, the embedded monitoring unit connects to traditional devices in the communication room, such as temperature and humidity sensors, smoke detectors, water leak alarms, and access control controllers, via RS485 or RS232 serial ports. During the data acquisition process, it directly sends request frames in DL / T645 or Modbus-RTU protocol format. Parsing the DL / T645 protocol requires identifying the 68H frame header, device address field, control code, data identifier, and check field. The Modbus-RTU protocol format requires extracting the slave address, function code, register address, and CRC16 checksum. The embedded monitoring unit decomposes the received response message into fields, extracts the valid measurement values, and encapsulates the device identifier, parameter type, parameter value, and local timestamp into a raw data packet. The edge gateway and monitoring units establish a UDP communication channel via a local Ethernet connection. The monitoring units, acting as UDP clients, send encapsulated serial port data collected to a preset port (e.g., port 5000) listened to by the edge gateway in UDP packets. The edge gateway, acting as a UDP server, receives raw serial port data packets from multiple monitoring units, parses and stores the data according to the device ID and parameter type, and then aggregates it with structured data collected from network devices. During the aggregation phase, the data timestamp format, unit conversion standard, and collection frequency identifier are standardized to construct a unified data object set. The edge gateway then reports this structured data set to the intelligent monitoring and management system via a 4G / 5G wireless network or a wired LAN connection.

[0064] In one example, the edge gateway connects to the smart device via a network interface and is responsible for parsing and preprocessing data using Modbus-TCP, SNMP, and BACnet protocols. The monitoring unit connects to the traditional device via a serial interface and is responsible for parsing DL / T645 and Modbus-RTU protocols, including:

[0065] The edge gateway sends Modbus-TCP read commands to the UPS uninterruptible power supply through the IP network interface to obtain output voltage parameters, battery voltage parameters and output load rate parameters; it sends SNMP GetRequest messages to the precision air conditioner through the E1 interface to obtain temperature setpoint and operating status parameters; and it sends BACnet protocol messages to the intelligent power distribution cabinet through the PTN interface to obtain voltage, current and power factor parameters.

[0066] The edge gateway performs preprocessing operations such as data format conversion, invalid data filtering, and data unit standardization.

[0067] The monitoring unit sends Modbus-RTU read commands to the temperature and humidity sensor via the RS485 serial port interface to obtain temperature and humidity parameters. It also sends DL / T645 read data commands to the smoke detector via the RS485 serial port interface to obtain smoke concentration parameters. Finally, it obtains access control status parameters from the access control controller via the RS232 serial port interface and performs transparent serial transmission and local protocol parsing.

[0068] In this example, unified access and protocol scheduling for the IP network, E1 link, and PTN link are implemented at the physical interface layer. The edge gateway actively sends Modbus-TCP read commands to the UPS uninterruptible power supply device through the IP network interface. Based on the UPS function code and register address mapping, it obtains operating data including output voltage parameters, battery voltage parameters, and output load rate parameters. After successfully receiving the response message, it parses the original values ​​in the registers and records the corresponding acquisition timestamp. The edge gateway connects to the precision air conditioner communication module through the E1 interface and sends a GetRequest message of the SNMP protocol. The message is encoded according to the ASN.1 structure and contains an OID object identifier. Through this request, it obtains the air conditioner's temperature setpoint and current operating status parameters, and decodes the corresponding field values ​​after receiving the GetResponse message. At the same time, the edge gateway sends protocol messages conforming to the BACnet / IP standard to the intelligent distribution cabinet through the PTN interface to request the current three-phase voltage, current, and power factor and other operating electrical parameters, and extracts the data values ​​of relevant attribute objects from the BACnet service response. After completing multi-protocol acquisition, the edge gateway performs a unified preprocessing process on all raw data, including data format conversion, mapping fields parsed from different protocols to a unified key-value pair structure; invalid data filtering, removing data content marked as abnormal codes or exceeding limits in the message; and data unit standardization, standardizing parameters such as voltage units (volts), temperature units (degrees Celsius), and load rate units (percentages). Simultaneously, the monitoring unit sends Modbus-RTU read commands to the temperature and humidity sensor via RS485 serial port. It extracts the 16-bit register values ​​of temperature and humidity from the acquired response message, performs local parsing and storage, and then sends a read data command conforming to the DL / T645 protocol format to the smoke detector via the same RS485 bus. The command includes a 68H frame header, device address, control code 11H, and target data identifier code. It then retrieves the data field representing smoke concentration from the returned message and calculates the actual measured value. The monitoring unit periodically sends query commands to the access control controller via RS232 serial port to obtain access control status parameters. After receiving the raw data completely through the serial port transparent transmission mechanism, it performs protocol parsing locally to identify the door status change field and time stamp field and records the current open / closed status. All parameter data collected by the serial port is packaged locally on the monitoring unit and uploaded to the edge gateway via UDP protocol.

[0069] The edge gateway performs preprocessing operations such as data format conversion, invalid data filtering, and data unit unification. After the monitoring unit performs transparent serial port transmission and local protocol parsing, the process also includes: the edge gateway collecting its own CPU utilization and network interface load rate every preset monitoring cycle, calculating the edge gateway load index as CPU utilization multiplied by a first weighting factor plus network interface load rate multiplied by a second weighting factor; and the monitoring unit collecting its own CPU utilization and serial port interface load rate every preset monitoring cycle, calculating the monitoring unit load index as CPU utilization multiplied by a third weighting factor plus serial port interface load rate multiplied by a fourth weighting factor. When the edge gateway load index is greater than the gateway high load threshold and the monitoring unit load index is less than the unit low load threshold, the edge gateway... The network device with the smallest communication data volume is selected from the currently managed network devices. A protocol conversion command is sent to this network device to convert its communication protocol from Modbus-TCP to Modbus-RTU. The communication interface of this device is switched from the IP network interface to the RS485 serial port interface, and the acquisition task of this device is migrated to the monitoring unit for execution. The monitoring unit receives the task migration command sent by the edge gateway, writes the communication parameter configuration and register address mapping table of the migrated device into the local device configuration database, and sends a Modbus-RTU read command to the migrated device through the RS485 serial port interface to start data acquisition. The edge gateway deletes the record of the migrated device from its own device list, realizing collaborative load balancing between the gateway and the monitoring unit.

[0070] In one example, when a new device connects, the edge gateway sequentially sends a Modbus function code read holding register command, an SNMP GetRequest message, and a DL / T645 read data command to identify the protocol type and generate communication parameter configuration, including:

[0071] When a new device is connected, the edge gateway sequentially sends a Modbus function code read holding register instruction, an SNMP GetRequest message, and a DL / T645 read data instruction, waits for the device's response, and records the response message;

[0072] Based on the response message, the new device is determined to be a DL / T645 protocol device, a Modbus-RTU protocol device, or an SNMP protocol device;

[0073] Based on the identified protocol type, a communication parameter configuration is generated, and a unique device identifier ID is assigned to the new device and stored in the device configuration database.

[0074] In this example, a device access detection mechanism is designed inside the edge gateway. When a new serial port or network device access event is detected in the communication room, the edge gateway records its physical interface information, such as interface type (RS485, RS232 or Ethernet) and physical address (serial port number or IP address), into the list of devices to be identified, and automatically enters the protocol identification process. During the protocol identification phase, the edge gateway sends probe commands for three standard protocols to the device in a preset order. First, it sends a Modbus protocol read holding register command. The command structure includes the slave address, function code 03H, register start address, number of registers, and a CRC16 checksum field. After sending this command through the target interface, the edge gateway sets a 2-second response wait time. If a response message is received, its complete byte stream is recorded. If no response is received, a second SNMP protocol GetRequest message is sent. The GetRequest message uses ASN.1 encoding and includes a version number field, community name field, and request object identifier. The gateway also records the response data structure. If there is still no response, a third DL / T645 protocol read data command is sent. The read data command frame format includes a 68H frame start character, a 6-byte address field, control code 11H, data identifier, CS checksum, and a 16H end character. Regardless of which command receives a successful response, the gateway stores the entire response message and extracts key characteristic fields for analysis. For example, the response message of a DL / T645 protocol device is characterized by a frame start byte of 68H, a frame end byte of 16H, and CS checksum; the response message format of a Modbus-RTU protocol device is slave address + function code + number of bytes + data content + CRC checksum; and the response message of an SNMP protocol device has ASN.1 encoding characteristics and contains the GetResponse PDU type. The edge gateway determines the protocol type of the new device based on the comparison results of these protocol characteristic fields, and then enters the automatic configuration phase of communication parameters. For devices identified as using the DL / T645 protocol, communication parameters are generated with a baud rate of 1200bps or 2400bps, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, and CS parity. The table number is extracted as the device address. For Modbus-RTU devices, 9600bps, 8 data bits, no parity or even parity, a function code mapping table, and register configuration are generated. For SNMP devices, access parameters such as community name, OID parameter path, and timeout are configured. After completing the communication parameter configuration, a unique 32-bit hexadecimal device identifier ID is generated for each device using the UUID algorithm. Information including the device ID, protocol type, communication parameters, and address mapping table is encapsulated into a device configuration structure and stored uniformly in the device configuration database of the edge gateway.

[0075] In one example, based on the response message, the new device is determined to be a DL / T645 protocol device, a Modbus-RTU protocol device, or an SNMP protocol device, including:

[0076] Extract the frame header identifier byte at the first byte position, the function code field at the second byte position, the data length field of the data segment, and the checksum field at the end from the complete byte sequence of the response message;

[0077] The extracted frame header identifier bytes are matched with the DL / T645 protocol features 68H frame start character and 16H end character, the function code field is matched with the Modbus function code, and the check mode field is matched with CS cumulative check and CRC16 cyclic redundancy check.

[0078] When the frame header identifier byte is 68H and the last byte is 16H and the verification method is CS check, the new device is determined to be a DL / T645 protocol device. When the function code field is a Modbus function code and the verification method is CRC16 check, the new device is determined to be a Modbus-RTU protocol device. When the response message uses ASN.1 encoding and contains the GetResponse PDU type, the new device is determined to be an SNMP protocol device.

[0079] In this example, after receiving the device's response message, the edge gateway performs a field-by-field structured extraction operation on the complete byte sequence of the response message. It extracts the frame header identifier byte from the first byte of the message; this field identifies the frame structure characteristics of the protocol. It extracts the function code field from the second byte; this field determines the specific operation command executed by the frame message. It extracts the data length field from the data segment of the message; this field reflects the number of bytes in the valid data area. It extracts the checksum field from the end of the message; this field is used to match the message integrity verification method. The edge gateway performs a protocol feature matching operation on the extracted frame header identifier byte. If this byte equals the DL / T645 protocol's unique frame start symbol 68H, and the last byte of the message equals 16H with the checksum field corresponding to CS cumulative checksum, then the device's response message is determined to conform to the DL / T645 protocol specification, and the device is confirmed to be a DL / T645 protocol device. If the frame header field is not 68H, the function code field is matched with the function codes defined in the standard Modbus protocol, such as function codes 03H and 04H. A CRC16 cyclic redundancy check algorithm is then performed on the end check field. If the results match, the response message is determined to be in Modbus-RTU protocol format, thus identifying the device as a Modbus-RTU protocol device. If the extracted message structure does not conform to either of the above two formats, but adopts the ASN.1 encoding rule overall and includes a GetResponse response type field in the PDU structure, it indicates that the device operates based on the SNMP protocol, and the device is identified as an SNMP protocol device.

[0080] After generating communication parameter configurations based on the identified protocol type and assigning a unique device identifier ID to the new device and storing it in the device configuration database, the process also includes: sending a test read command to the device identified as using the Modbus-RTU protocol, recording the response time from sending the command to receiving a response, setting the initial acquisition period of the device to the first period value when the response time is less than a first time threshold, setting the initial acquisition period to the second period value when the response time is greater than or equal to the first time threshold and less than a second time threshold, and setting the initial acquisition period to the third period value when the response time is greater than or equal to the second time threshold, wherein the first period value is less than the second period value and less than the third period value; according to the communication parameter configurations generated based on the identified protocol type and assigning a unique device identifier ID to the new device and storing it in the device configuration database, the process further includes: sending a test read command to the device identified as using the Modbus-RTU protocol, recording the response time from sending the command to receiving a response, setting the initial acquisition period to the third period value when the response time is less than or equal to the second time threshold, wherein the first period value is less than the second period value and less than the third period value; according to the communication parameter configurations generated based on the identified protocol type and assigning a unique device identifier ID to the new device and storing it in the device configuration database, the process further includes: sending a test read command to the device identified as using the Modbus-RTU protocol, recording the response time from sending the command to receiving a response, setting the initial acquisition period to the second period value when the response time is greater than or equal to the second time threshold, and setting the initial acquisition period to the third period value when the response time is greater than or equal to the second time threshold, wherein the first period value is less than the second period value and less than the third period value; according to the communication parameter configurations generated based on the identified protocol type and assigning a unique device identifier ID to the new device and storing it in the device configuration database, the process further includes: sending a test read command to the device identified as using the Modbus-RTU protocol, recording the response time from sending the command to receiving a response, recording the initial acquisition period to The register address mapping table in the signal parameter configuration determines the total number of registers in the device. When the total number of registers is less than the first threshold, a single polling method is used to read all registers at once. When the total number of registers is greater than or equal to the first threshold but less than the second threshold, a segmented polling method is used to divide the registers into two groups for separate reading. When the total number of registers is greater than or equal to the second threshold, a segmented polling method is used to divide the registers into three or more groups for separate reading. The response time, initial acquisition cycle, register polling method and device ID are associated and stored in the device configuration database. The edge gateway or monitoring unit performs data acquisition operations on the device according to the stored device acquisition parameter configuration.

[0081] After generating communication parameter configurations based on the identified protocol type and assigning a unique device identifier ID to the new device and storing it in the device configuration database, the process also includes: when the newly identified device is a UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply), the edge gateway determines whether the UPS simultaneously has a network interface and a corresponding voltage sensor connected to the monitoring unit. If both are present, the device is marked as a dual-source acquisition device. The edge gateway sends a data acquisition synchronization preparation command to the monitoring unit, which includes the UPS's device identifier ID and the scheduled first acquisition time. After receiving the command, the monitoring unit configures the acquisition parameters of the corresponding voltage sensor and enters the preparation state. The edge gateway and the monitoring unit synchronously start data acquisition at the scheduled first acquisition time. The edge gateway reads the UPS's output voltage parameters via the Modbus-TCP protocol. The monitoring unit records the gateway's initial voltage value and initial acquisition time as the gateway's first voltage value and initial acquisition time. The monitoring unit reads the UPS output voltage parameters from the voltage sensor via the RS485 serial port and records them as the monitoring unit's first voltage value and initial acquisition time. The monitoring unit encapsulates the monitoring unit's first voltage value and initial acquisition time into a UDP data packet and sends it to the edge gateway. The edge gateway calculates the initial relative deviation between the gateway's first voltage value and the monitoring unit's first voltage value. When the initial relative deviation is less than the initial consistency threshold, it calculates the initial fusion value and includes the UPS uninterruptible power supply in the normal fusion monitoring process. When the initial relative deviation is greater than or equal to the initial consistency threshold, it triggers the sensor calibration process. The edge gateway sends a calibration command to the monitoring unit, and the monitoring unit performs zero-point calibration and gain calibration on the voltage sensor before re-performing the initial synchronous acquisition.

[0082] In one example, the edge gateway is configured to collect network device data and the monitoring unit to collect serial port device data based on communication parameters. The data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit is calculated. When the data acquisition time deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the edge gateway acquires standard UTC time and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to standard UTC time, including:

[0083] Based on the communication parameters, the edge gateway is configured to send read commands to the UPS uninterruptible power supply to obtain output voltage parameters, battery voltage parameters, and output load rate parameters, and encapsulate them as network device data. The monitoring unit is configured to send read commands to the temperature and humidity sensor and access controller to obtain temperature parameters, humidity parameters, and access status parameters, and encapsulate them as serial port device data.

[0084] The monitoring unit sends the serial port device data to the edge gateway via the UDP protocol. The edge gateway extracts the first acquisition time of the network device data and the second acquisition time of the serial port device data to calculate the data acquisition time deviation.

[0085] When the data acquisition time deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the edge gateway sends a time synchronization request to the NTP time server to obtain the standard UTC time, and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time.

[0086] In this example, the parameter configuration content generated by the edge gateway based on the identified new device communication protocol type, including baud rate, parity check, address mapping table, and function code, drives the network communication module to send a read command conforming to the Modbus-TCP protocol format to the UPS uninterruptible power supply. It then sequentially accesses the corresponding register addresses of output voltage, battery voltage, and output load rate. After extracting the parameter values ​​from the UPS device response message, it encapsulates them into a network device data structure. The structure includes a device identification field, a parameter name field, a value field, and a first acquisition timestamp recording the current acquisition time. The acquisition time is based on the edge gateway's first local clock and recorded with millisecond-level precision. Simultaneously, based on the communication parameters, the synchronously driven embedded monitoring unit sends read commands to the temperature and humidity sensor and the access control controller, respectively. The temperature and humidity sensor receives Modbus-RTU protocol read commands via RS485 serial port and returns ambient temperature and humidity data. The access control controller receives specific read commands via RS232 serial port and returns current access control status parameters. The monitoring unit performs protocol parsing on the received messages locally and extracts the target parameters. It encapsulates the temperature, humidity, and access control status data into a serial port device data structure, which also includes device identifier, parameter type, parameter value, and acquisition time fields. However, the acquisition time is provided by the monitoring unit's second local clock. After encapsulation, the monitoring unit sends the serial port device data as data packets to the designated listening port of the edge gateway, such as port 5000, via the local Ethernet interface using the UDP protocol. Upon receiving the UDP data packet, the edge gateway parses the second acquisition timestamp and calculates the time deviation between it and the first timestamp, denoted as ΔT, which is the edge gateway's local acquisition time minus the monitoring unit's acquisition time. If the calculated absolute value of the time deviation exceeds the preset time synchronization threshold (e.g., 500 milliseconds), it is determined that there is a significant clock drift between the current edge gateway and the monitoring unit. At this time, the edge gateway sends a standard time synchronization request to the configured NTP time server through the network interface and obtains the current Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) timestamp T from the NTP server. n and calibrate its own first local clock to T. n The edge gateway sends a clock synchronization command to the monitoring unit via its local Ethernet, which includes the UTC time value and the time stamp for the setting to take effect. Upon receiving the command, the monitoring unit immediately adjusts its second local clock to T... n This enables synchronous data acquisition between two system nodes under a unified time reference.

[0087] In one example, the intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing also includes:

[0088] Extract the UPS uninterruptible power supply output voltage parameters from network device data and serial port device data. Obtain the gateway output voltage value collected by the edge gateway and the monitoring unit output voltage value collected by the monitoring unit through the voltage sensor. Calculate the difference between the gateway output voltage value and the monitoring unit output voltage value and divide it by the monitoring unit output voltage value to obtain the voltage relative deviation.

[0089] The voltage relative deviation is compared with a consistency threshold. When the voltage relative deviation is less than the consistency threshold, the voltage data is determined to be consistent and the voltage fusion value is calculated.

[0090] The normal or abnormal counter is incremented based on the voltage fusion value, and the low-frequency mode, medium-frequency mode, or high-frequency mode is switched based on the number of consecutive accumulated counts of the normal or abnormal counter.

[0091] In this example, the UPS output voltage parameter values ​​are extracted from network device data and serial port device data at the edge gateway. The network device data includes the voltage measurement value read directly from the UPS internal register by the edge gateway via the Modbus-TCP protocol, denoted as the gateway output voltage value V1. This value possesses high ADC accuracy and communication stability. The serial port device data includes the UPS output voltage value indirectly acquired by the embedded monitoring unit through a voltage sensor, denoted as the monitoring unit output voltage value V2. This value is periodically acquired by the monitoring unit via the RS485 sensor channel and transmitted to the edge gateway via UDP. Following the established error assessment method, the relative deviation ΔV between V1 and V2 is calculated using the formula ΔV = |V1 - V2| ÷ V2. The calculated result is then compared with a set consistency threshold ε (e.g., 3%). When ΔV is less than the threshold ε, the UPS output voltage values ​​obtained from the two types of acquisition paths within the current period are determined to be consistent and are used as reliable data sources for fusion processing. The fusion method adopts a weighted average algorithm. Considering that V1 originates from the UPS native sampling module and has high accuracy, it is given a higher weight, for example, weight coefficients w1 = 0.6 and w2 = 0.4. The fused voltage value V f= V1×w1+ V2×w2, the fused value serves as a reliable measurement benchmark for the UPS output voltage within the current data cycle. The edge gateway performs status assessment based on the fused voltage value. When the fused voltage value is within the normal operating voltage range of the UPS (e.g., 220V to 230V), the normal counter N1 is incremented by 1, while the abnormal counter N2 is cleared to zero; conversely, if the fused voltage value exceeds the normal threshold range, the abnormal counter N2 is incremented by 1, while the normal counter N1 is cleared to zero. In multiple consecutive sampling cycles, if the normal counter N1 accumulates 3 times, it indicates that the device is continuously maintaining a normal state, and the system will trigger a frequency reduction operation. If the current mode is high frequency, it will switch to medium frequency mode; if the current mode is medium frequency, it will switch to low frequency mode. The system will also send a sampling cycle synchronization command to the monitoring unit via the local Ethernet. If the abnormal counter N2 accumulates 2 times, the frequency increase logic will be triggered, and the current mode will be increased sequentially, for example, from low frequency to medium frequency, and then from medium frequency to high frequency, to achieve rapid response and adjustment to abnormal fluctuations. If the two types of counters alternately reset to zero due to critical fluctuations and fail to trigger the switching condition, the current medium frequency mode will be maintained to avoid frequency jitter.

[0092] After calculating the voltage fusion value using a weighted average method for the gateway output voltage value and the monitoring unit output voltage value that are determined to be consistent with the voltage data, the process further includes: reading the historical fusion records of the UPS uninterruptible power supply within a preset time window from the device configuration database, extracting the historical relative deviation sequence of the gateway output voltage value and the monitoring unit output voltage value from the historical fusion records, calculating the standard deviation of the historical relative deviation sequence, and determining the gateway data source stability as high when the standard deviation is less than a first deviation threshold, medium when the standard deviation is greater than or equal to the first deviation threshold and less than a second deviation threshold, and low when the standard deviation is greater than or equal to the second deviation threshold. When the gateway data source stability is high, the first weight coefficient is adjusted to the first high weight value and the second weight coefficient is adjusted to the first low weight value. When the gateway data source stability is medium, the first and second weight coefficients remain unchanged. When the gateway data source stability is low, the first weight coefficient is adjusted to the second low weight value and the second weight coefficient is adjusted to the second high weight value. The first high weight value is greater than the second low weight value, and the second high weight value is greater than the first low weight value. The voltage fusion value is recalculated using the adjusted first and second weight coefficients. The adjusted weight coefficients are associated with the device identifier ID of the UPS uninterruptible power supply and stored in the device configuration database for use in voltage fusion value calculation.

[0093] After calculating the voltage fusion value using a weighted average method for the gateway output voltage value and the monitoring unit output voltage value determined to be consistent with the voltage data, the process also includes: the edge gateway establishing a consistency deviation monitoring queue, recording the voltage relative deviation values ​​for the most recent N consecutive acquisition cycles, where N is a preset monitoring length; calculating the average and maximum values ​​of the voltage relative deviation values ​​in the consistency deviation monitoring queue; determining that the data source is stable when the average value is less than a first consistency threshold and the maximum value is less than a second consistency threshold; determining that the data source is fluctuating when the average value is greater than or equal to the first consistency threshold or the maximum value is greater than or equal to the second consistency threshold; and when the data source is determined to be fluctuating, the edge gateway statistically analyzes the voltage relative deviation values ​​in the consistency deviation monitoring queue that are greater than a third consistency threshold. When the number of fluctuations exceeds the fluctuation threshold, a coordinated frequency switch is triggered. The edge gateway generates a frequency boost command to increase the current acquisition frequency from low-frequency or medium-frequency mode to high-frequency mode, and simultaneously sends a frequency switch synchronization command to the monitoring unit. After receiving the command, the monitoring unit synchronously switches its own acquisition frequency to high-frequency mode. In high-frequency mode, the edge gateway and the monitoring unit continuously acquire the output voltage values ​​of the gateway and the monitoring unit, and update the consistency deviation monitoring queue. When the relative voltage deviation value in the queue is less than the first consistency threshold for M consecutive acquisition cycles, the data source is determined to have recovered stability, where M is the preset recovery judgment length. The edge gateway generates a frequency recovery command and synchronizes it to the monitoring unit. Both parties then collaboratively switch back to the original acquisition frequency mode.

[0094] In one example, a normal counter or an abnormal counter is incremented based on the voltage fusion value, and a low-frequency mode, a medium-frequency mode, or a high-frequency mode is switched based on the consecutive accumulated number of times the normal or abnormal counter is activated, including:

[0095] Based on the voltage fusion value, extract the battery voltage parameter, output load rate parameter and temperature parameter of the UPS uninterruptible power supply, and compare the battery voltage parameter with the normal threshold range of battery voltage, the output load rate parameter with the normal threshold range of load rate, and the temperature parameter with the normal threshold range of temperature.

[0096] If the battery voltage parameter is within the normal threshold range, the output load rate parameter is within the normal threshold range, and the temperature parameter is within the normal threshold range, then the normal counter is incremented by 1 and the abnormal counter is cleared to zero; otherwise, the abnormal counter is incremented by 1 and the normal counter is cleared to zero.

[0097] When the normal counter accumulates for a first preset number of times, it switches from the current acquisition frequency mode to the low frequency mode. When the abnormal counter accumulates for a second preset number of times, it switches from the current acquisition frequency mode to the high frequency mode. The edge gateway generates a frequency switching command and synchronizes it to the monitoring unit.

[0098] In this example, other operating parameters within the same time period corresponding to the voltage fusion value are extracted, including battery voltage, output load rate, and equipment temperature. These parameters are then compared item by item with preset normal threshold ranges. The normal range for battery voltage is set to 220V to 230V, for output load rate to 0% to 70%, and for temperature to 15℃ to 30℃. In each acquisition cycle, the extracted battery voltage value is compared with its set upper and lower limits. If the value is within the normal range, it is recorded as "normal"; otherwise, it is considered "abnormal." Similarly, the output load rate value and its threshold range, and the temperature value and its temperature threshold range are compared sequentially. If all three parameters fall within their respective normal threshold ranges, the UPS is considered to be operating normally in the current cycle. In this case, the normal counter is incremented by 1, and the abnormal counter is reset to zero. If any parameter exceeds the normal range, the UPS is considered to be in an abnormal risk state, the abnormal counter is incremented by 1, and the normal counter is reset to zero. When the normal counter accumulates to the first preset number N1 (e.g., 3 times), it indicates that the system has been stable for several consecutive sampling periods, triggering the frequency reduction logic. This involves determining the current sampling frequency mode and performing a switching operation for the next sampling period, such as switching from high-frequency to medium-frequency or from medium-frequency to low-frequency, adjusting the sampling period to 30 seconds. When the abnormal counter accumulates to the second preset number N2 (e.g., 2 times), it indicates that the device has continuously exceeded its limits, triggering the frequency increase logic. This involves switching the current sampling period up one level, such as from low-frequency to medium-frequency or from medium-frequency to high-frequency, shortening the sampling period to 1 second to achieve rapid response to potential faults and high-frequency sampling coverage. Whether increasing or decreasing the frequency, the edge gateway must generate a frequency switching command containing the target sampling period and an effective timestamp, and send it to the embedded monitoring unit via local Ethernet. The command format uses UDP packets or a local API call. Upon receiving the synchronization command, the monitoring unit immediately updates its local sampling period setting to match the edge gateway's sampling frequency.

[0099] In one example, it also includes:

[0100] Compare the battery voltage parameters with the battery low voltage alarm threshold, extract the battery voltage value of the i-th acquisition cycle and the battery voltage value of the (i-1)-th acquisition cycle to calculate the voltage change rate;

[0101] Compare the voltage change rate with the voltage abnormal change rate threshold, count the number of UPS devices in the computer room whose output load rate exceeds the load rate threshold, and compare them with the associated abnormal threshold.

[0102] When the battery voltage parameter is less than the battery low voltage alarm threshold, or the absolute value of the voltage change rate is greater than the voltage abnormal change rate threshold, or the number of overloaded UPS devices is greater than or equal to the associated abnormal threshold, the edge gateway generates local control commands and executes device power-off commands, backup power-on commands, or non-critical load disconnection commands through the relay control module.

[0103] The edge gateway reports alarm data to the intelligent monitoring and management system, which then pushes alarms through SMS gateways, email servers, and telephone voice platforms.

[0104] In this example, the edge gateway extracts the UPS battery voltage parameter in each acquisition cycle and directly compares the UPS battery voltage parameter value with a preset low-voltage alarm threshold. For example, if the battery voltage value is less than the set threshold of 200V, it is determined that the device has a low-voltage risk. Simultaneously, the battery voltage value V for the current i-th acquisition cycle is extracted from the data buffer. i The battery voltage value V in the previous (i-1)th acquisition cycle i-1 Combining the collection timestamp T of both i and T i-1 Calculate the rate of change of voltage per unit time ΔV / ΔT, i.e., (V i - V i-1 ) / (T i - T i-1The absolute value of the voltage change rate is compared with a set threshold, such as 5V / s. When the actual rate of change exceeds the threshold, the UPS voltage is judged to be rapidly decreasing, triggering a potential failure alarm. Within the same acquisition cycle, the edge gateway traverses all connected UPS devices in the entire communication room, extracts the output load rate parameter from their respective fused data, and compares it with a set upper limit for the load rate (e.g., 80%). It counts the number N of UPS devices whose current output load rate exceeds this threshold and compares the result with a set associated anomaly threshold M (e.g., 3 units). When N is greater than or equal to M, it indicates that the room faces a risk of collective overload. The triggering of the linkage control process is triggered whenever any one of the three triggering conditions is met. The edge gateway immediately retrieves the corresponding control action template from the local linkage control rule base and generates relay control commands, including a command to switch the UPS to bypass mode when the battery is low, a command to start the backup power supply when the voltage drops rapidly, and a control signal to disconnect non-critical loads when there is a mass overload. All control commands are sent to the corresponding channel of the relay control module in digital output form, and then the power outage or switching operation is executed through electrical control. The entire response time is controlled within 100 milliseconds. At the same time, the edge gateway encapsulates the currently collected alarm parameter values, alarm types (such as battery_low, voltage_drop, or overload_risk), alarm device IDs, and alarm timestamps into a standardized JSON format alarm data packet, and reports it to the intelligent monitoring and management system through a 4G / 5G wireless communication module or Ethernet channel. Upon receiving an alarm report, the intelligent monitoring and management system activates a multi-channel alarm push mechanism. It sends a text alarm message containing the device name, alarm type, and alarm time to the registered mobile phone number of the maintenance personnel via SMS gateway, sends a structured email alarm message containing historical curves and alarm details to the maintenance personnel's email address via email server, and simultaneously calls the telephone voice gateway system to push a voice broadcast alarm message to the maintenance duty phone.

[0105] Before generating a local control command, the edge gateway, when the battery voltage parameter is less than the battery low-voltage alarm threshold, the absolute value of the voltage change rate is greater than the voltage abnormal change rate threshold, or the number of overloaded UPS devices is greater than or equal to the associated abnormal threshold, also includes: determining the number of conditions met among the three triggering conditions: whether the battery voltage parameter is less than the battery low-voltage alarm threshold, whether the absolute value of the voltage change rate is greater than the voltage abnormal change rate threshold, and whether the number of overloaded UPS devices is greater than or equal to the associated abnormal threshold. If only one condition is met, it is determined as a single alarm; if two or three conditions are met, it is determined as a compound alarm. For compound alarms, the timestamps of the first fulfillment of each triggering condition are extracted to calculate the time difference; when determined as a single alarm, the preset value corresponding to that single triggering condition is directly applied. The rules generate local control commands. When a compound alarm is identified and the time difference between each trigger condition is less than the associated time window, it is determined to be a associated compound alarm. The linkage strategy corresponding to the associated compound alarm is extracted from the preset rule base. The linkage strategy includes the execution order of the first control action, the second control action, and the third control action. The edge gateway generates the first control command, the second control command, and the third control command in the order of execution. The relay control module executes the first control command first, waits for the first preset delay time, executes the second control command, waits for the second preset delay time, and executes the third control command. During the execution process, the battery voltage parameter and the output load rate parameter are continuously monitored. When the parameters are detected to return to the safe threshold range, the execution of subsequent control commands is stopped.

[0106] Before the edge gateway generates a local control command, the following steps are taken before the edge gateway generates a local control command: The edge gateway immediately sends an anomaly confirmation request to the monitoring unit after determining that the triggering conditions are met. Upon receiving the anomaly confirmation request, the monitoring unit re-acquires the current battery voltage value of the UPS uninterruptible power supply from the voltage sensor via the RS485 serial interface. The re-acquired battery voltage value is compared with the battery low-voltage alarm threshold. If the re-acquired battery voltage value is still less than the battery low-voltage alarm threshold, an anomaly confirmation response is returned to the edge gateway. If the re-acquired battery voltage value is greater than or equal to the battery low-voltage alarm threshold, an anomaly cancellation response is returned to the edge gateway. Upon receiving the anomaly confirmation response, the edge gateway generates and executes a local control command. Upon receiving the anomaly cancellation response, the current linkage control is cancelled. After executing the local control command, the edge gateway forcibly switches the current acquisition frequency mode to a high-frequency mode. In this system, the edge gateway and monitoring unit continuously collect battery voltage parameters of the UPS in high-frequency mode and calculate a voltage fusion value. The battery voltage parameters for K consecutive collection cycles are extracted from the voltage fusion value and compared with the battery low-voltage alarm threshold, where K is the preset number of monitoring cycles. When the battery voltage parameters for all K consecutive collection cycles are greater than or equal to the battery low-voltage alarm threshold, the power anomaly is determined to be eliminated. If the battery voltage parameter for any of the K consecutive collection cycles is less than the battery low-voltage alarm threshold, the linkage control state is maintained. After the power anomaly is determined to be eliminated, the edge gateway generates a recovery control command to restore normal power supply to the critical load through the relay control module. After recovery, the edge gateway continues to monitor in high-frequency mode for a preset extended duration. If the battery voltage parameters remain stable and do not fall below the battery low-voltage alarm threshold again within the preset extended duration, the collection frequency mode is switched from high-frequency mode back to medium-frequency mode or low-frequency mode. If the battery voltage parameters fall below the battery low-voltage alarm threshold again, the linkage control process is restarted.

[0107] Reference Figure 4 This embodiment provides an intelligent monitoring system for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing, including:

[0108] Connection module 1 is used for the edge gateway to connect to smart devices via a network interface, and for the monitoring unit to connect to traditional devices via a serial port interface;

[0109] Identification module 2 is used to identify the protocol type and generate communication parameter configuration by sequentially sending Modbus function code read holding register instruction, SNMP GetRequest message and DL / T645 read data instruction through the edge gateway when a new device is connected;

[0110] The calibration module 3 is used to configure the edge gateway to collect network device data and the monitoring unit to collect serial port device data according to the communication parameters, calculate the data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit, and when the data acquisition time deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the edge gateway obtains the standard UTC time and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time.

[0111] In this embodiment, the specific implementation of each unit in the above system embodiment is described in the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, system, article, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, system, article, or method. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, system, article, or method that includes that element.

[0113] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present invention specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent monitoring of communication equipment rooms based on edge computing, characterized in that, include: The edge gateway connects to smart devices via a network interface, while the monitoring unit connects to traditional devices via a serial port interface. When a new device is connected, the edge gateway sequentially sends a Modbus function code read holding register instruction, an SNMP GetRequest message, and a DL / T645 read data instruction to identify the protocol type and generate communication parameter configuration. According to the communication parameters, the edge gateway is configured to collect network device data and the monitoring unit is configured to collect serial port device data. The data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit is calculated. When the data acquisition time deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the edge gateway obtains standard UTC time and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time.

2. The intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The edge gateway connects to smart devices via a network interface, and the monitoring unit connects to traditional devices via a serial port interface, including: The edge gateway connects to the smart device through a network interface and is responsible for parsing and preprocessing data using Modbus-TCP, SNMP, and BACnet protocols. The monitoring unit connects to the traditional device through a serial port interface and is responsible for parsing DL / T645 and Modbus-RTU protocols. The edge gateway and the monitoring unit establish a UDP communication connection via a local Ethernet. The monitoring unit encapsulates the raw data packets collected by the serial port into UDP data packets and sends them to the preset port of the edge gateway. The edge gateway receives the raw data packets uploaded by the monitoring unit, aggregates them with the network device data it collects, and reports them uniformly to the intelligent monitoring and management system.

3. The intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The edge gateway connects to smart devices via a network interface and is responsible for parsing and preprocessing data using Modbus-TCP, SNMP, and BACnet protocols. The monitoring unit connects to traditional devices via a serial port interface and is responsible for parsing DL / T645 and Modbus-RTU protocols, including: The edge gateway sends Modbus-TCP read commands to the UPS uninterruptible power supply through the IP network interface to obtain output voltage parameters, battery voltage parameters and output load rate parameters; sends SNMP GetRequest messages to the precision air conditioner through the E1 interface to obtain temperature setpoint and operating status parameters; and sends BACnet protocol messages to the intelligent power distribution cabinet through the PTN interface to obtain voltage, current and power factor parameters. The edge gateway performs preprocessing operations such as data format conversion, invalid data filtering, and data unit unification. The monitoring unit sends Modbus-RTU read commands to the temperature and humidity sensor via the RS485 serial port interface to obtain temperature and humidity parameters, sends DL / T645 read data commands to the smoke detector via the RS485 serial port interface to obtain smoke concentration parameters, and obtains access control status parameters from the access control controller via the RS232 serial port interface and performs transparent serial transmission and local protocol parsing.

4. The intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing according to claim 1, characterized in that, When a new device is connected, the edge gateway sequentially sends a Modbus function code read holding register command, an SNMP GetRequest message, and a DL / T645 read data command to identify the protocol type and generate communication parameter configuration, including: When a new device is connected, the edge gateway sequentially sends a Modbus function code read holding register instruction, an SNMP GetRequest message, and a DL / T645 read data instruction, waits for the device's response, and records the response message; Based on the response message, the new device is determined to be a DL / T645 protocol device, a Modbus-RTU protocol device, or an SNMP protocol device; Based on the identified protocol type, a communication parameter configuration is generated, and a unique device identifier ID is assigned to the new device and stored in the device configuration database.

5. The intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the response message, the new device is determined to be a DL / T645 protocol device, a Modbus-RTU protocol device, or an SNMP protocol device, including: Extract the frame header identifier byte at the first byte position, the function code field at the second byte position, the data length field of the data segment, and the checksum field at the end from the complete byte sequence of the response message; The extracted frame header identifier byte is matched with the DL / T645 protocol features 68H frame start character and 16H end character, the function code field is matched with the Modbus function code, and the check mode field is matched with CS cumulative check and CRC16 cyclic redundancy check. When the frame header identifier byte is 68H and the last byte is 16H and the verification method is CS check, the new device is determined to be a DL / T645 protocol device. When the function code field is a Modbus function code and the verification method is CRC16 check, the new device is determined to be a Modbus-RTU protocol device. When the response message uses ASN.1 encoding and contains the GetResponse PDU type, the new device is determined to be an SNMP protocol device.

6. The intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the communication parameters, the edge gateway is configured to collect network device data and the monitoring unit is configured to collect serial port device data. The data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit is calculated. When the data acquisition time deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the edge gateway acquires standard UTC time and calibrates its first local clock and the monitoring unit's second local clock to the standard UTC time, including: According to the communication parameters, the edge gateway is configured to send a read command to the UPS uninterruptible power supply to obtain the output voltage parameters, battery voltage parameters and output load rate parameters and encapsulate them as network device data. The monitoring unit is configured to send read commands to the temperature and humidity sensor and the access controller to obtain the temperature parameters, humidity parameters and access status parameters and encapsulate them as serial port device data. The monitoring unit sends the serial port device data to the edge gateway via the UDP protocol. The edge gateway extracts the first acquisition time of the network device data and the second acquisition time of the serial port device data to calculate the data acquisition time deviation. When the data acquisition time deviation is greater than a preset threshold, the edge gateway sends a time synchronization request to the NTP time server to obtain the standard UTC time, and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time.

7. The intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing according to claim 6, characterized in that, The intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing also includes: Extract the UPS uninterruptible power supply output voltage parameters from the network device data and the serial port device data, obtain the gateway output voltage value collected by the edge gateway and the monitoring unit output voltage value collected by the monitoring unit through the voltage sensor, calculate the difference between the gateway output voltage value and the monitoring unit output voltage value and divide it by the monitoring unit output voltage value to obtain the voltage relative deviation. The voltage relative deviation is compared with a consistency threshold. When the voltage relative deviation is less than the consistency threshold, the voltage data is determined to be consistent and the voltage fusion value is calculated. The normal counter or abnormal counter is incremented according to the voltage fusion value, and the low-frequency mode, medium-frequency mode or high-frequency mode is switched according to the continuous accumulation number of the normal counter or abnormal counter.

8. The intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The normal counter or abnormal counter is incremented according to the voltage fusion value, and the low-frequency mode, medium-frequency mode, or high-frequency mode is switched according to the continuous accumulation number of the normal counter or abnormal counter, including: Based on the voltage fusion value, the battery voltage parameter, output load rate parameter and temperature parameter of the UPS uninterruptible power supply are extracted. The battery voltage parameter is compared with the normal threshold range of battery voltage, the output load rate parameter is compared with the normal threshold range of load rate, and the temperature parameter is compared with the normal threshold range of temperature. If the battery voltage parameter is within the normal threshold range of battery voltage, the output load rate parameter is within the normal threshold range of load rate, and the temperature parameter is within the normal threshold range of temperature, then the normal counter is incremented by 1 and the abnormal counter is cleared to zero; otherwise, the abnormal counter is incremented by 1 and the normal counter is cleared to zero. When the normal counter accumulates for a first preset number of consecutive counts, it switches from the current acquisition frequency mode to the low frequency mode. When the abnormal counter accumulates for a second preset number of consecutive counts, it switches from the current acquisition frequency mode to the high frequency mode. The edge gateway generates a frequency switching command and synchronizes it to the monitoring unit.

9. The intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The battery voltage parameter is compared with the battery low voltage alarm threshold, and the battery voltage value of the i-th acquisition cycle and the battery voltage value of the (i-1)-th acquisition cycle are extracted to calculate the voltage change rate. Compare the voltage change rate with the voltage abnormal change rate threshold, count the number of UPS devices in the computer room whose output load rate exceeds the load rate threshold, and compare them with the associated abnormal threshold. When the battery voltage parameter is less than the battery low voltage alarm threshold, or the absolute value of the voltage change rate is greater than the voltage abnormal change rate threshold, or the number of overloaded UPS devices is greater than or equal to the associated abnormal threshold, the edge gateway generates a local control command and executes the device power-off command, the backup power supply command, or the non-critical load disconnection command through the relay control module. The edge gateway reports alarm data to the intelligent monitoring and management system, which then pushes alarms through SMS gateways, email servers, and telephone voice platforms.

10. An intelligent monitoring system for communication equipment rooms based on edge computing, characterized in that, The steps for implementing the edge computing-based intelligent monitoring method for communication equipment rooms according to any one of claims 1 to 9 include: The connection module is used for the edge gateway to connect to smart devices via a network interface, and for the monitoring unit to connect to traditional devices via a serial port interface. The identification module is used to identify the protocol type and generate communication parameter configuration by sequentially sending Modbus function code read holding register instruction, SNMP GetRequest message and DL / T645 read data instruction through the edge gateway when a new device is connected. The calibration module is configured to drive the edge gateway to collect network device data and the monitoring unit to collect serial port device data according to the communication parameters, calculate the data acquisition time deviation between the edge gateway and the monitoring unit, and when the data acquisition time deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the edge gateway obtains standard UTC time and calibrates the first local clock of the edge gateway and the second local clock of the monitoring unit to the standard UTC time.

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