Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a control unit that generates a sequence of values based on uplink data; and a transmission unit that transmits the sequence in an uplink channel in which no demodulation reference signal is accompanied.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to terminals, wireless communication methods, and base stations in next-generation mobile communication systems. Background Technology

[0002] In UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) networks, Long Term Evolution (LTE) was standardized with the aim of further increasing data rates and reducing latency (Non-Patent Document 1). Furthermore, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) was standardized with the aim of further increasing capacity and improving the height of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] The study also explored subsequent systems to LTE (e.g., also known as the 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+, the 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.).

[0004] Existing technical documents

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the Invention

[0007] The problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] In future wireless communication systems (e.g., Rel. 18 NR and beyond), improvements to uplink (UL) performance are being investigated. However, the expansion of UL data coverage and the reduction of overhead have not been adequately studied. There are concerns about degradation in throughput and communication quality if UL data transmission is not performed properly.

[0009] Therefore, one of the purposes of this disclosure is to provide a terminal, wireless communication method, and base station that improve the performance of UL data transmission.

[0010] Methods for solving problems

[0011] One aspect of this disclosure relates to a terminal comprising: a control unit for generating a sequence of values ​​based on uplink data; and a transmission unit for transmitting the sequence in an uplink channel without a demodulation reference signal.

[0012] Invention Effects

[0013] According to one method of this disclosure, the performance of UL data transmission can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figures 1A to 1E This is a diagram illustrating an example of the PUCCH format.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating an example of PF0.

[0016] Figures 3A to 3C This is a diagram illustrating an example of DMRS-based PUCCH and sequence-based PUCCH.

[0017] Figures 4A to 4C This is an example illustrating the correlation between the reference sequence and the transmitted information.

[0018] Figures 5A to 5C This illustrates an example of the relationship between the CS offset and the transmitted information.

[0019] Figures 6A to 6C This illustrates an example of the association between the extension code and the transmitted information.

[0020] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment.

[0022] Figure 9 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0023] Figure 10This is a diagram illustrating an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment.

[0024] Figure 11 This is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0025] (PUCCH format)

[0026] In NR, the transmission of uplink control information (UCI) uses the structure (also known as format, PUCCH format (PF), etc.) of the uplink control channel (e.g., PUCCH). For example, in Rel.15 NR, as... Figures 1A to 1E As shown, PF0 through PF4 are supported respectively. Additionally, in Rel.17 and later, the PF names shown below are merely examples, and different names may be used.

[0027] For example, PF0 and PF1 are PFs used in the transmission of UCIs of 2 bits or less. For instance, a UCI can be at least one of a delivery acknowledgment message (also known as Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request-Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK), acknowledgment (ACK), or negative-acknowledgment (NACK), etc.) and a scheduling request (SR). PF0 can be assigned to 1 or 2 symbols, and is therefore also called a short PUCCH. On the other hand, PF1 can be assigned to 4 to 14 symbols, and is therefore also called a long PUCCH. PF0 uses a cyclic shift (CS) that depends on the value of the UCI to transmit a sequence obtained by cyclic shifting a base sequence, and is therefore also called a sequence-based PUCCH. In PF1, multiple user terminals can also be code-division multiplexed (CDM) within the same physical resource block (PRB) by using time-domain block extensions of at least one of CS and time-domain (TD) orthogonal cover code (OCC). PF0 and PF1 can also be mapped to 1PRB.

[0028] PF2 to PF4 are power supplies used in the transmission of more than 2 bits of UCI (e.g., Channel State Information (CSI), or at least one of CSI, HARQ-ACK, and SR). PF2 can be assigned to 1 or 2 symbols, and is therefore also called a short PUCCH. On the other hand, PF3 and PF4 can be assigned to 4 to 14 symbols, and are therefore also called long PUCCHs. In PF4, block expansion (Frequency Domain (FD)-OCC) before DFT can also be used, with multiple user terminals being CDMed. PF2 and PF3 can also be mapped to 1 to 16 PRBs. PF4 can also be mapped to 1 PRB.

[0029] Because UCI and DMRS are transmitted in the resource blocks allocated to PUCCH, PF1-PF4 are also referred to as DMRS-based PUCCH. In PF1, PF3, and PF4, UCI and DMRS are time-division multiplexed (TDM). In PF2, DMRS is mapped to every 3 subcarriers, and UCI and DMRS are frequency-division multiplexed (FDM).

[0030] For PF1, PF3, and PF4, intra-slot frequency hopping can also be applied. If the length of the PUCCH is set to N... symb Then the length before the frequency hopping (the first hop) can also be floor(N) symb / 2), the length after the frequency hopping (second hop) can also be ceil(N) symb / 2).

[0031] The waveforms of PF0, PF1, and PF2 can also be Cyclic Prefix (CP)-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM). The waveforms of PF3 and PF4 can also be Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)-spread(s)-OFDM.

[0032] The allocation of resources (e.g., PUCCH resources) used in the transmission of this uplink control channel is performed using higher-layer signaling and / or downlink control information (DCI).

[0033] Specifically, for a UE, one or more sets (PUCCH resource sets) containing more than one PUCCH resource are notified (configured) via higher-layer signaling. For example, for a user terminal, K (e.g., 1≤K≤4) PUCCH resource sets can also be notified from the network (e.g., base station). Each PUCCH resource set can also contain M (e.g., 1≤M≤32) PUCCH resources.

[0034] The UE can also determine a single PUCCH resource set (the first PUCCH resource set) from the set K PUCCH resource sets based on the UCI payload size (UCI payload size, number of UCI information bits). The UCI payload size can also be the number of UCI bits excluding Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits.

[0035] The UE may also determine the PUCCH resource to be used in the transmission of UCI from the M PUCCH resources contained in the determined PUCCH resource set, based on at least one of DCI and implicit information (also known as implicit indication information or implicit index, etc.). For example, the implicit indication information may also be the beginning CCE index of the PDCCH reception carrying the DCI.

[0036] Each PUCCH resource assigned to the UE may also contain a value for at least one of the following parameters (also referred to as fields or information, etc.). Additionally, the range of possible values ​​can be determined for each parameter according to each PUCCH format.

[0037] • The code symbol that begins the allocation of PUCCH (start code symbol)

[0038] • The number of symbols allocated to PUCCH within a time slot (the period allocated to PUCCH)

[0039] • Index of the resource block (Physical Resource Block (PRB)) at which PUCCH allocation begins

[0040] • The number of PRBs allocated to PUCCH

[0041] • Whether PUCCH activates frequency hopping

[0042] • The frequency resource for the second hop when frequency hopping is active, and the index of the initial cyclic shift (CS).

[0043] • The index of the orthogonal spread code (e.g., orthogonal cover code (OCC)) in the time domain, and the length of the OCC used in the block spread before the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) (also known as the OCC length, spread rate, etc.).

[0044] • Index of OCC used in block-wise spreading after DFT

[0045] For the UCI of PF0 / PF1 and the DMRS of PF1 / PF3 / PF4, a low-power-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) sequence is used. For the DMRS of PF2, a pseudo-random sequence (Gold sequence) is used.

[0046] like Figure 2 As shown, regarding PF0, the UE uses a cyclic shift offset (sequence cyclic shift) m based on the value of the cyclic shift index m0 and the UCI (at least one of HARQ-ACK and SR). CS The cyclic shift (phase rotation) will be applied to the elements X0, ..., Xn of the reference sequence. 11 The sequence obtained by applying cyclic shift is mapped to 1PRB (12 subcarriers). The initial cyclic shift index can also be set using higher-layer signaling.

[0047] The specification defines the association between the 1 / 2-bit HARQ-ACK information and the circular shift offset relative to the initial circular shift index (table). The specification also defines the association between the 1 / 2-bit HARQ-ACK information and the positive SR (SR) and the circular shift offset relative to the initial circular shift index (table). The association between the 1 / 2-bit HARQ-ACK information and the negative SR (SR) and the circular shift offset relative to the initial circular shift index (table) is the same as the association between the 1 / 2-bit HARQ-ACK information and the circular shift offset relative to the initial circular shift index (table). For example, the value of 1-bit HARQ-ACK information {0, 1} corresponds to circular shift offsets 0 and 6, respectively. For example, the value of 2-bit HARQ-ACK information {00, 01, 11, 10} corresponds to circular shift offsets 0, 3, 6, and 9, respectively.

[0048] In Rel. 15, for low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) sequences, a constant amplitude zero auto-correlation (CAZAC) sequence (Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence) is defined for lengths greater than 36. For lengths shorter than 36, a computer-generated sequence (CGS) considering PAPR and cross-correlation is defined. CAZAC sequences of prime length achieve ideal PAPR (i.e., PAPR = 1); otherwise, PAPR deteriorates.

[0049] (DMRS-based PUCCH and sequence-based PUCCH)

[0050] Figure 3A An example of a PUCCH using DMRS-based transmission (transmission that includes DMRS within the channel) is shown. In this example, 1 PRB and 2 symbols are allocated to the PUCCH, and UCI and DMRS are transmitted and TDM is performed. Figure 3B And 3C illustrates an example of a PUCCH using sequence-based transmission (transmission without DMRS within the channel). In this example, a sequence of 1 PRB and 2 symbols allocated to the PUCCH, depending on the value of the UCI, is transmitted, and DMRS is not transmitted. Figure 3B This shows the case where frequency hopping is not performed. Figure 3C This shows the frequency hopping scenario.

[0051] The performance (coverage / link budget) of PUSCH / PUCCH using sequence-based transmission is higher than that of PUSCH / PUCCH using DMRS-based transmission. This is because sequence-based transmission uses all transmission energy for information transmission, while DMRS-based transmission uses a portion of its transmission energy for DMRS transmission.

[0052] In Rel.15 NR, the UE can use sequence-based transmission (PUCCH format (PF)0) for transmissions of up to 2 bits of HARQ-ACK and up to a maximum of positive SR / negative SR in the UCI, and use DMRS-based transmission for transmissions of more than that UCI. Within short PUCCHs, PF2, using OFDM-based (OFDM waveform) transmission, has a higher peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) than PF0, which uses a constant amplitude zero auto-correlation (CAZAC) sequence; therefore, PF2 performs worse than PF0.

[0053] (analyze)

[0054] As a key technology of 6G, research is underway on extended coverage enhancement technologies such as non-terrestrial networks (NTN). Given the diversification of terminals such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Ambient IoT, and Extended / Cross-Reality (XR) devices, and the flexible application of higher frequency bands, extended coverage technologies are anticipated, particularly for UL (Ultra-Layer) coverage. IoT could include, for example, sensors, wearable devices, and smart grids. Ambient IoT could include, for example, tags. XR could include, for example, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and substitutional reality (SR). Extended UL coverage technologies include those used for IoT, early data transmission (EDT) in LTE, and small data transmission (SDT) in NR.

[0055] Based on the type of terminal and use case, and considering the scenario where the payload transmitted by UL is sufficiently small, it is assumed that the overhead of the previous UL data transmission process is relatively large when the payload transmitted by UL is sufficiently small.

[0056] Methods for expanding UL coverage and reducing overhead in UL data transmission, as exemplified by this approach, have not been adequately studied. If such methods are not sufficiently investigated, there are concerns about potential reductions in throughput / communication quality.

[0057] Therefore, the inventors of this invention have conceived of methods to expand UL coverage and reduce overhead in UL data transmission.

[0058] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods involved in each embodiment can be applied individually or in combination.

[0059] In this disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be used interchangeably. Furthermore, in this disclosure, "A / B / C" may also mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0060] In this disclosure, the terms notification, activation, deactivation, indication (or indication), selection, configuration, update, and determination can be used interchangeably. Similarly, the terms support, control, ability to control, operation, and ability to operate can also be used interchangeably.

[0061] In this disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, higher-level parameters, fields, Information Elements (IE), settings, etc., can be substituted for each other. In this disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) elements (MAC ControlElement (CE)), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc., can also be substituted for each other.

[0062] In this disclosure, higher-layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, other messages (e.g., positioning protocol messages (e.g., NR Positioning Protocol A (NRPPa) / LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP) messages, etc. from the core network), or a combination thereof.

[0063] In this disclosure, MAC signaling may also use, for example, a MAC Control Element (MACCE) or a MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU). Broadcast information may also be, for example, a Master Information Block (MIB), a System Information Block (SIB), Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI), or Other System Information (OSI).

[0064] In this disclosure, physical layer signaling may also be, for example, downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.

[0065] In this disclosure, UL data, UL information bits, UL information bit strings, user data, UL-shared channel (SCH) (UCH), transport block (TB) ...

[0066] In this disclosure, resource blocks (RBs), physical RBs (PRBs), and virtual RBs (VRBs) can be interchanged.

[0067] (Wireless communication method)

[0068] <Implementation Method 1>

[0069] This implementation relates to a method for sequence-based UL data transmission. Sequence-based UL data transmission may also follow at least one of the following implementations 1-x.

[0070] <<Implementation Method 1-1>>

[0071] In sequence-based UL data transmission, the UL data transformed into a sequence (more than one UL information bit) can also be specified as uplink control information (UCI). This UL data can also be multiplexed with existing UCIs such as HARQ-ACK / SR / CSI on the UL channel.

[0072] <<Implementation Methods 1-2>>

[0073] Sequence-based UL data transmission can be specified as PUSCH transmission, PUCCH transmission, or other UL channels or UL signals. The UL channel can be a new UL channel or an existing UL channel such as PRACH. The UL signal can be a new UL signal, a new UL RS, or an existing UL signal such as SRS.

[0074] <<Implementation Methods 1-3>>

[0075] Sequence-based UL data transmission can be carried out via the UE, the IAB MT, or a relay device. The relay device can be a network-controlled repeater (NCR), a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), or a communication satellite or earth station in a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system.

[0076] <<Implementation Methods 1-4>>

[0077] Sequence-based UL data transmission can also be supported only in specific UE states. Specific UE states can be RRC_IDLE, RRC_INACTIVE, any state other than RRC_CONNECTED, or RRC_CONNECTED.

[0078] <<Implementation Methods 1-5>>

[0079] The types / fields / information elements of the UL data (transmission information) transmitted via sequence-based UL data transmission can be indications of the ON / OFF status of specific signal transmissions, measurement / estimation information related to mobility / beam management / positioning / sensing / interference detection, information related to UE capabilities / information, information reporting on the correct detection / reception / decoding of indications / notifications from the base station, or other information.

[0080] For example, regarding the indication of ON / OFF transmission of a specific signal, the specific signal could be a reference signal used for synchronization signals / broadcast information or for measurements / estimations involved in mobility / beam management / positioning / sensing / interference detection. Furthermore, regarding the reporting of information related to measurements / estimations involved in mobility / beam management / positioning / sensing / interference, the threshold related to the measured values ​​involved in the report can be specified in the specification or set via higher-layer signaling. The UE can also perform sequence-based UL data transmission for reporting according to this setting. Additionally, regarding the reporting of information on the correct detection / reception / decoding of indications / notifications from the base station, the indications / notifications from the base station could be indications related to the activation / wake-up of a specific node / circuit, or notifications confirming the status of the camp.

[0081] <<Implementation Methods 1-6>>

[0082] The waveform for sequence-based UL data transmission can be at least one of OFDM (CP-OFDM, transform precoder deactivation), DFT-s-OFDM (transform precoder activation), and a sensing signal waveform, or other waveforms. The sensing signal waveform can also be, for example, a pre-chirp waveform.

[0083] <<Implementation Methods 1-7>>

[0084] As the base sequence for sequence-based UL data transmission, at least one of the following can be used: a pseudo-random sequence, a low PAPR sequence, and sequences defined in the specification tables. The pseudo-random sequence can be, for example, a Gold sequence or an m-sequence based sequence. The low PAPR sequence can also be a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence. Sequences defined in the specification tables can also be computer-generated sequences (CGS).

[0085] The type of reference sequence corresponding to the length of the transmitted sequence can also be specified in the specification. For example, the reference sequence can be CGS when the sequence length is less than or below X, and the reference sequence can be ZC when the sequence length is above or above X.

[0086] The type of reference sequence corresponding to the payload size of the transmitted UL data can also be specified in the specification. For example, the reference sequence can be CGS when the payload size of the UL data is less than X / below X, and the reference sequence can be ZC when the payload size of the UL data is above X bits / more than X bits.

[0087] The types of reference sequences can be specified in the standard or set / indicated semi-statically / dynamically.

[0088] In sequence-based UL data transmission, sequences obtained by cyclic shifting a reference sequence can also be transmitted.

[0089] In sequence-based UL data transmission, a sequence obtained by multiplying a base sequence by an extension code can also be transmitted.

[0090] <<Implementation Methods 1-8>>

[0091] The sequence used for sequence-based UL data transmission can also depend on the type / value (code point) of the UL data (transmission information). Alternatively, in sequence-based UL data transmission, different sequences can be generated / transmitted for multiple types / values ​​of the UL data (transmission information).

[0092] <<<Benchmark Sequence>>>

[0093] The type / value of UL data (transmission information) can also correspond to / depend on the type or reference sequence of the reference sequence. For multiple types / values ​​of UL data, the type or reference sequence of the reference sequence can also be different. The type of reference sequence can also follow implementation methods 1-7. The sequence transmitted in sequence-based UL data transmission can also be generated through operations on the reference sequence.

[0094] The association between the types of UL data and the reference sequence can be specified in the specification (e.g., a table) or set / indicated by SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI. The reference sequence can be determined by at least one of the reference sequence index, group number, and reference sequence number, or by an offset (reference sequence offset) relative to at least one of the group number and reference sequence number.

[0095] like Figure 4A As in the example, the association between the reference sequence index (0, 1, 2, ...) and the value of the transmitted message (message 1, 2, 3, ...) can also be specified / set / indicated.

[0096] The set of reference sequences can be specified in a specification (e.g., a table) or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI. Within this set, the reference sequences corresponding to the types / values ​​of UL data (transmitted information) can be specified in a specification (e.g., a table) or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0097] The set of reference sequences can be associated with the cell ID, the type of transmitted information, or the UE. The type of transmitted information can also follow implementation methods 1-5. Multiple reference sequences within a set can also be associated with multiple values ​​of transmitted information, respectively.

[0098] The reference sequence used in sequence generation within the set can be determined either randomly by the UE or based on the time resources for sequence-based UL data transmission (reference sequence skipping). This time resource can also be represented by at least one of the system frame number (SFN), slot index, and symbol index. In this way, reference sequence skipping, which changes the reference sequence based on time resources, can suppress interference to other cells / UEs.

[0099] exist Figure 4BIn the example of the association between reference sequence indices and the values ​​of the transmitted information, sets of reference sequence indices 1, 2, ... are defined. A set can also be associated with a single category of the transmitted information. Multiple reference sequence indices within a set can also be associated with multiple values ​​of the transmitted information separately. Alternatively, one set can contain multiple consecutive reference sequence indices, and the next set can contain the next consecutive reference sequence indices (sequential mapping). This mapping can efficiently associate reference sequences with values ​​of the transmitted information, even when the numerical values ​​differ for each category of the transmitted information.

[0100] exist Figure 4C In the example of the association between reference sequence indices and transmitted information values, sets of reference sequence indices 1, 2, ... are defined. A set can also be associated with a single type of transmitted information. Multiple reference sequence indices within a set can also be associated with multiple values ​​of the transmitted information, respectively. Consecutive reference sequence indices can also be associated with multiple different sets, and a set can also contain multiple non-consecutive reference sequence indices (cyclic mapping). This mapping can suppress interference to other cells / UEs when the cross-correlation between two adjacent reference sequences is higher than the cross-correlation between two non-adjacent reference sequences.

[0101] <<<Circular Shift>>>

[0102] The type / value of UL data (transmitted information) can also correspond to a cyclic shift (CS). The CS can also consist of a phase rotation amount (e.g., α), an initial CS index (e.g., m0), and a CS offset amount (e.g., m...). CS It can be represented by at least one of the following. The CS offset can also be different for multiple types / values ​​of UL data. The sequence transmitted in sequence-based UL data transmission can also be generated by applying the CS offset to the reference sequence.

[0103] The relationship between the type of UL data and the CS offset can be specified in the specification (e.g., a table) or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI. The CS applied in the reference sequence can be determined either based on the sum of the initial CS index and the CS offset, or determined solely by the CS index. For the value i of the initial CS index / CS offset / CS index, the value of the CS (phase rotation) α can also be based on 2πi / N mod N. Here, N can be the length of the reference sequence, the number of REs (subcarriers) within 1 PRB (e.g., 12), or the number specified in the specification.

[0104] like Figure 5A As in the example, the association between the CS offset and the value of the transmitted information (information 1, 2, ...) can also be specified / set / indicated.

[0105] The set of CS offsets can be specified in a specification (e.g., a table) or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MACCE / DCI. Within this set, the CS offset corresponding to the type / value of UL data (transmitted information) can be specified in a specification (e.g., a table) or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0106] The set of CS offsets can be associated with the cell ID, the type of transmitted information, or the UE. The type of transmitted information can also follow implementation methods 1-5. Multiple CS offsets within a set can also be associated with multiple values ​​of transmitted information, respectively.

[0107] The CS offset used in sequence generation within the set can be determined randomly by the UE or based on the time resources for sequence-based UL data transmission (CS hopping). This time resource can also be represented by at least one of the system frame number (SFN), slot index, and symbol index. In this way, CS hopping, which changes the CS offset based on time resources, can suppress interference to other cells / UEs.

[0108] exist Figure 5B In the example of associating CS offset indices with the values ​​of transmitted information, sets of CS offset indices 1, 2, ... are defined. A set can also be associated with a single category of transmitted information. CS offset indices within a set can also be associated with multiple values ​​of a single category of transmitted information. Alternatively, a set can contain multiple consecutive CS offset indices, and the next set can contain the next consecutive CS offset indices (sequential mapping). By increasing the difference between two CS offsets in different sets, interference between multiple sets can be suppressed. Even when the numerical values ​​differ for each category of transmitted information, this mapping can efficiently associate CS offsets with the values ​​of transmitted information.

[0109] exist Figure 5CIn the example of the association between CS offset indices and the values ​​of the transmitted information, sets of CS offset indices 1, 2, ... are defined. A set can also be associated with a single category of transmitted information. Multiple CS offset indices within a set can also be associated with multiple values ​​of a single category of transmitted information. Consecutive CS offset indices can be associated with multiple different sets, and a set can also contain non-consecutive CS offset indices (cyclic mapping). By increasing the difference between two CS offsets within a set, errors can be suppressed for other values ​​corresponding to the same set.

[0110] <<<Extension Code>>>

[0111] The type / value of UL data (transmitted information) can also correspond to an expansion code. The expansion code can also be different for multiple types / values ​​of UL data. In sequence-based UL data transmission, the transmitted sequence can also be generated by applying an expansion code to a reference sequence. The expansion code can also be an orthogonal cover code (OCC). The OCC can also be at least one of time-domain (TD)-OCC and frequency-domain (FD)-OCC.

[0112] The association between the types of UL data and extension codes can be specified in the specifications (e.g., tables) or set / indicated by SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0113] like Figure 6A As in the example, the association between the extended code index (e.g., the OCC index) and the value of the transmitted message (message 1, 2, ...) can also be specified / set / indicated.

[0114] The set of extension codes can be specified in a specification (e.g., a table) or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MACCE / DCI. Within this set, the extension code corresponding to the type / value of UL data (transmitted information) can be specified in a specification (e.g., a table) or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0115] The set of spreading codes can be associated with the cell ID, the type of information being transmitted, or the UE. The type of information being transmitted can also follow implementation methods 1-5. Multiple spreading codes within a set can also be associated with multiple values ​​of the information being transmitted, respectively.

[0116] The spreading code used in sequence generation within the set can be determined either randomly by the UE or based on the time resources for sequence-based UL data transmission (CS hopping). This time resource can also be represented by at least one of the system frame number (SFN), slot index, and symbol index. In this way, spreading code hopping, which changes the spreading code based on the time resources, can suppress interference to other cells / UEs.

[0117] exist Figure 6B In the example of the association between the extended code index and the value of the transmitted message, sets of extended code indices 1, 2, ... are defined. A set can also be associated with a single class of transmitted messages. Extended code indices within a set can also be associated with multiple values ​​of a single class of transmitted messages. Alternatively, a set can contain multiple consecutive extended code indices, and the next set can contain the next consecutive extended code indices (sequential mapping). This mapping efficiently associates the extended code with the value of the transmitted message, even when the numerical values ​​differ for each class of transmitted messages.

[0118] exist Figure 6C In the example of the association between spreading code indices and transmitted information values, sets of spreading code indices 1, 2, ... are defined. A set can also be associated with a single type of transmitted information. Multiple spreading code indices within a set can also be associated with multiple values ​​of a single type of transmitted information. Consecutive spreading code indices can be associated with multiple different sets, and a set can also contain multiple non-consecutive spreading code indices (cyclic mapping). This mapping can suppress interference to other cells / UEs when the cross-correlation between two adjacent spreading codes is higher than the cross-correlation between two non-adjacent spreading codes.

[0119] <<Implementation Methods 1-9>>

[0120] Sequence-based UL data transmission can also be multiplexed with sequence-based UL data transmission from other UEs (user multiplexing). User multiplexing can also follow at least one of the following settings / instructions.

[0121] - UE-specific (different for each UE) baseline sequence index can also be set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0122] - The UE-specific (different for each UE) CS offset index / initial CS index can also be set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0123] - UE-specific (different for each UE) time resources can also be set / instructed via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0124] - UE-specific (different for each UE) frequency resources can also be set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0125] - UE-specific (different for each UE) extension codes can also be set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0126] <<Changes>>

[0127] Sequence-based UL data transmission can also be applied to sidelink / DL (sequence-based sidelink (SL)) data transmission / sequence-based DL data transmission). UL in each implementation can also be interchanged with SL, or with DL.

[0128] Sequence-based UL data transmission can be applied to both terrestrial networks (TN) and NTN.

[0129] Sequence-based UL data transmission can also be applied to measurements / estimations such as sensing / sounding / channel estimation. When sequence-based UL data transmission is used for sensing, it can be used as an alternative to SRS. When sequence-based UL data transmission is used for channel estimation, it can be used as an alternative to DMRS. The sequence used for sequence-based UL data transmission can be based on either the same low PAPR sequence as SRS / DMRS (used in PUSCH / PUCCH formats 1 / 3 / 4) or the same pseudo-random sequence as DMRS (used in PUCCH format 2). Through this measurement / estimation, sequence-based UL data transmission can be used for both UL data transmission and measurement / estimation.

[0130] The measured bandwidth (wideband domain) can also be divided into N (N>1) partial bandwidths (narrowband domains). Sequence-based UL data transmission can also be performed using frequency hopping of M (N≥1)×N hops. Based on this frequency hopping, even when the bandwidth of sequence-based UL data transmission is limited, the base station can obtain measurement / estimation results for the wideband domain. The bandwidths of the multiple hops can be either continuous or discontinuous.

[0131] The base station can also receive sequences in the resources for sequence-based UL data transmission and determine the type / value of the UL data based on the sequence. The type / value of the UL data can also be determined using methods such as maximum likelihood detection.

[0132] According to this implementation, the coverage of UL data transmission can be expanded, and the overhead can be reduced.

[0133] <Implementation Method 2>

[0134] This embodiment relates to a method for setting / instructing resources for sequence-based UL data transmission. The setting / instruction of resources for sequence-based UL data transmission may also follow at least one of the following embodiments 2-x.

[0135] <<Implementation Method 2-1>>

[0136] The timing resources for sequence-based UL data transmission can be specified in the specification or set / indicated semi-statically / dynamically. The timing resources (time operations, time behaviors) for sequence-based UL data transmission can also be periodic / semi-persistent / aperiodic.

[0137] At least one of the following parameters for timing resources used for sequence-based UL data transmission can be specified in the specification or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0138] - The periodicity of this time resource.

[0139] - The starting symbol of this time resource. It can also be the starting symbol within a time slot.

[0140] - Time offset. This can be either the time between the DCI and the sequence-based UL data transmission, or the time between the final symbol received by the DCI and the start symbol of the sequence-based UL data transmission.

[0141] - The number of time slots / symbols within this time resource. This number can also be the number of consecutive time slots / symbols. This number can also be referred to as the duration.

[0142] - A bitmap indicator for each time unit (unit). The position of each bit within this bitmap can also correspond to a time resource for one time unit. A bit value of 1 indicates that the corresponding time resource has been mapped to a sequence, and a bit value of 0 indicates that the corresponding time resource has not been mapped to a sequence. The time unit can also be a symbol / subslot / slot / subframe.

[0143] Multiple time resources (candidates) used for sequence-based UL data transmission can be specified in the specification or set. The UE can also decide which of these multiple time resources to use for sequence-based UL data transmission. The UE can also decide on the time resource (transmission timing) based on instructions from higher layers. Instructions from higher layers can also be for UL data generation. These multiple time resources can be periodic or can be indicated by activation / release (MAC CE / DCI / command). During the period when multiple time resources are active, the UE can also perform sequence-based UL data transmission in one of the multiple time resources based on the UL data generation timing. This sequence-based UL data transmission can also be scheduled without dynamic permission. In this way, by applying multiple periodic time resources, the overhead for UL data transmission can be suppressed, and the latency of UL data transmission can be suppressed.

[0144] Sequence-based UL data transmission can also be triggered / scheduled via MAC CE / DCI / command / synchronization signal / PBCH (e.g., SS / PBCH block).

[0145] Repetition in sequence-based UL data transmission can be specified or set in the specification. Similarly, the repetition factor (repetition number) for sequence-based UL data transmission can also be specified or set in the specification. The UE can also transmit the same UL data in sequence-based UL data across different time resources corresponding to the repetition factor's count. By applying repetition in this way, coverage can be extended.

[0146] <<Implementation Method 2-2>>

[0147] At least one of the following parameters for frequency resources used for sequence-based UL data transmission may be specified in the specification or set / indicated by SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0148] - Sequence length. It can also correspond to the number of REs for that frequency resource.

[0149] - The number of REs / RBs / resource block groups (RBGs) / subbands of this frequency resource.

[0150] - The level offset of the RE / RB / RBG / subband of this frequency resource.

[0151] - The beginning of the RE / RB / RBG / subband of this frequency resource.

[0152] - The number of REs / RBs / RBGs / subbands within this frequency resource.

[0153] - Density per frequency unit. This frequency unit can also be RB / RBG / subband. Its density can also be the density of the resources mapped to the sequence in this frequency resource.

[0154] - A bitmap indicator per frequency unit. The position of each bit in this bitmap can also correspond to a frequency resource of one frequency unit. Alternatively, a bit value of 1 indicates that the corresponding frequency resource is mapped to a sequence, and a bit value of 0 indicates that the corresponding frequency resource is not mapped to a sequence. The frequency unit can also be RE / RB / RBG / subband.

[0155] - The interleaved mapping. It can represent either the activation / deactivation of the interleaving from VRB to PRB, or the interleaver size.

[0156] - Frequency hopping activation / deactivation. It can also refer to intra-slot frequency hopping or inter-slot frequency hopping.

[0157] - Frequency hopping offset. This offset is the difference between the frequency resources of the first hop (before frequency hopping) and the frequency resources of the second hop (after frequency hopping), and can also be represented by the number of RE / RB / RBG / subbands. Alternatively, the frequency resources of the second hop can be used instead of the frequency hopping offset.

[0158] Multiple frequency resources (candidates) used for sequence-based UL data transmission can be specified in the specification or set. The UE can also decide which of these multiple frequency resources to use for sequence-based UL data transmission. The UE can decide on the frequency resource based on instructions from higher layers or based on the type / value of the UL data. The single frequency resource determined can also be one of multiple resources used for frequency hopping.

[0159] Repetition in sequence-based UL data transmission can be specified or set in the specification. Similarly, the repetition factor (repetition number) for sequence-based UL data transmission can also be specified or set in the specification. The UE can also transmit the same UL data in sequence-based UL data across various frequency resources with the same repetition factor. By applying repetition in this way, coverage can be expanded.

[0160] <<Implementation Methods 2-3>>

[0161] At least one of the following parameters for the spatial domain used for sequence-based UL data transmission can be specified in the specification or set / indicated by SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0162] - TCI status. It can be either a TCI status / spatial relationship used for sequence-based UL data transmission, or a unified TCI status applied across multiple types of channels / signals.

[0163] - QCL resource RS ID. It can also be included in the TCI state. It can also be set for each QCL type.

[0164] - Beam ID. The association between the beam ID and the referenced RS ID can be specified in the specification or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0165] <<Implementation Methods 2-4>>

[0166] At least one of the following parameters for power domain / power control for sequence-based UL data transmission may be specified in the specification or set / indicated via SIB / RRC IE / MAC CE / DCI.

[0167] - Transmit power offset. This could also be, for example, a dedicated maximum power reduction (MPR) for sequence-based UL data transmission. Multiple values ​​for its MPR can also be defined, depending on several conditions. These conditions could also be frequency resources for sequence-based UL data transmission.

[0168] - A threshold for DL ​​measurement results related to the determination of transmit power. This DL measurement result can also be RSRP / RSRQ / SINR / SNR / RSSI.

[0169] At least one of the parameters used for power control and the formula for calculating the transmission power can be either commonly specified / set for sequence-based UL data transmission and existing DMRS-based UL data transmission, or separately specified / set for sequence-based UL data transmission and existing DMRS-based UL data transmission.

[0170] The parameters for power control of sequence-based UL data transmission can also be set individually for each type of UL data. The parameters for power control of sequence-based UL data transmission can also be set individually for each UE type / category / service / network. The UE type / category / service / network can also be narrowband UE, reduced capability (RedCap), enhanced RedCap (eRedCap), IoT, industrial IoT (IIoT), enhanced IIoT (eIIoT), ultra-reliable and low latency communications (URLLC), enhanced, enhanced URLLC (eURLLC), mobile broadband (eMBB), handheld UE, IAB, NCR, RIS, TN, NTN, relay device, etc. For example, the power control parameters for sequence-based UL data transmission in states other than RRC_CONNECTED (at least one of RRC_IDLE and RRC_INACTIVE) can be set individually depending on whether the UE is a narrowband UE, whether the UE is a handheld UE or an IAB / NCR / RIS UE, and whether the network is TN or NTN.

[0171] According to this implementation, the UE can appropriately determine the resources for sequence-based UL data transmission.

[0172] <Implementation Method 3>

[0173] This implementation relates to UE capability signaling for sequence-based UL data transmission. The UE capability signaling associated with sequence-based UL data transmission may also follow at least one of the following implementations 3-x.

[0174] <<Implementation Method 3-1>>

[0175] UE capability signaling may also include at least one of the following UE capability parameters.

[0176] - Supports sequence-based UL data transmission.

[0177] - The types of UL data that can be transmitted via sequence-based UL data transmission. These types may also follow implementation methods 1-5.

[0178] - The type / format of the sequence used for sequence-based UL data transmission. The sequence may also follow implementation methods 1-8.

[0179] - A user multiplexing method based on sequence-based UL data transmission. This user multiplexing method can also follow implementation methods 1-9.

[0180] <<Implementation Method 3-2>>

[0181] Each UE capability parameter can also be reported at a specific granularity. This specific granularity can be UE / band / band combination (BC) / feature set (FS) / feature set per component carrier (FSPC) / carrier type. Each FS can also be each BC per band. Each FSPC can also be each band combination per band per CC. The carrier type can also be FR, licensed or unlicensed, and at least one of TDD or FDD.

[0182] Alternatively, the specification can stipulate that UEs supporting specific band domains must support sequence-based UL data transmission. It can also stipulate that UEs of specific types / categories / services / networks must support sequence-based UL data transmission. The specific type / category / service can also be at least one of the UE types / categories / services described in implementation methods 2-4.

[0183] According to this implementation, the UE is able to appropriately report UE capabilities related to sequence-based UL data transmission.

[0184] <Supplement>

[0185] [Notification of information to the UE]

[0186] The notification of any information from the network (NW) (e.g., the base station (BS)) to the UE in the above embodiments (in other words, the reception of any information from the BS in the UE) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., DCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PDCCH, PDSCH, reference signals), or a combination of these.

[0187] In the case of notification via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by the inclusion of a new Logical Channel ID (LCID) in the MAC subheader, which is not specified in the existing standard.

[0188] In the case of notification via DCI, the notification may also be made through specific fields of the DCI, the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI) used in the scrambling of the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) bits assigned to the DCI, the format of the DCI, etc.

[0189] Furthermore, the notification of any information to the UE in the above embodiments can also be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0190] [Notification from UE]

[0191] The notification of any information from the UE (for NW) in the above embodiments (in other words, the transmission / reporting of any information from the BS in the UE) can also be performed using physical layer signaling (e.g., UCI), higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling, MAC CE), specific signals / channels (e.g., PUCCH, PUSCH, PRACH, reference signals), or a combination thereof.

[0192] In the case of notification via MAC CE, the MAC CE can also be identified by including a new LCID, which is not specified in the existing standard, in the MAC subheader.

[0193] When the above notification is sent via UCI, PUCCH or PUSCH can also be used.

[0194] Furthermore, the notification of any information from the UE in the above embodiments can also be performed periodically, semi-persistently, or non-periodically.

[0195] [Regarding the application of each implementation method]

[0196] At least one of the above-described embodiments can also be applied under certain conditions. These specific conditions can be specified in the standard or notified to the UE / BS using higher-layer signaling / physical layer signaling.

[0197] At least one of the above embodiments can also be applied only to UEs that have reported a specific UE capability or UEs that support that specific UE capability. In addition, "support" and "whether to support" can be used interchangeably.

[0198] This specific UE capability can also represent at least one of the following:

[0199] • Supports specific processing / operation / control / information related to at least one of the above embodiments.

[0200] • UE capability parameters of implementation method 3-1.

[0201] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be capabilities that are applied across the entire frequency (commonly regardless of frequency), capabilities that are applied to each frequency (e.g., one or a combination of cells, bands, band combinations, BWPs, component carriers, etc.), capabilities that are applied to each frequency range (e.g., Frequency Range 1 (FR1), FR2, FR3, FR4, FR5, FR2-1, FR2-2), capabilities that are applied to each subcarrier spacing (SCS), or capabilities that are applied to each feature set (FS) or feature set per component-carrier (FSPC).

[0202] Furthermore, the aforementioned specific UE capabilities can be either capabilities that are applied across the entire duplex mode (commonly regardless of the duplex mode) or capabilities that are specific to each duplex mode (e.g., Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)).

[0203] Furthermore, at least one of the above embodiments can also be applied when the UE is set / activated / triggered by specific information associated with the above embodiments (or the operation of the above embodiments is performed) via higher-layer signaling / physical layer signaling. For example, the specific information can also be any RRC parameter for a specific release (e.g., Rel.18 / 19).

[0204] In Rel.YY (for example, YY is 18 or higher), the RRC parameter that activates operation XXX can also be represented as XXX_rYY (XXX-rYY).

[0205] Even if at least one of the aforementioned specific UE capabilities is not supported, or if the aforementioned specific information is not set, the UE may, for example, apply the operation of Rel.15 / 16 / 17.

[0206] (Postscript)

[0207] With respect to one embodiment of this disclosure, the following invention is noted.

[0208] [Postscript 1]

[0209] A terminal, comprising:

[0210] The control unit generates a sequence of values ​​based on uplink data; and

[0211] The transmitting unit transmits the sequence in an uplink channel without a demodulation reference signal.

[0212] [Postscript 2]

[0213] The terminal as described in Appendix 1, wherein,

[0214] The transmitting unit transmits the sequence in states other than Radio Resource Control (RRC) connected states.

[0215] [Postscript 3]

[0216] The terminal as described in Appendix 1 or Appendix 2, wherein,

[0217] The sending unit sends the sequence in one of a plurality of periodically configured resources.

[0218] [Postscript 4]

[0219] The terminal as described in any one of Annexes 1 to 3, wherein,

[0220] The transmission of the sequence is accompanied by frequency hopping.

[0221] (Wireless communication system)

[0222] The structure of a wireless communication system according to one embodiment of this disclosure will be described below. In this wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one or a combination of the wireless communication methods according to the above embodiments of this disclosure.

[0223] Figure 7 This is a diagram illustrating an example of the schematic structure of a wireless communication system according to one implementation. The wireless communication system 1 (which may also be referred to simply as System 1) may also be a system that uses Long Term Evolution (LTE) or 5th generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR) as standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

[0224] Furthermore, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple radio access technologies (RATs) (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA)) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC)), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC)), etc.

[0225] In EN-DC, the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the Master Node (MN), and the NR base station (gNB) is the Secondary Node (SN). In NE-DC, the NR base station (gNB) is the MN, and the LTE (E-UTRA) base station (eNB) is the SN.

[0226] Wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (e.g., MN and SN are dual connectivity between NR base stations (gNB) (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC))).

[0227] The wireless communication system 1 may also include: a base station 11 forming a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage area, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) configured within the macro cell C1 and forming a small cell C2 narrower than the macro cell C1. User terminals 20 may also be located within at least one cell. The configuration and number of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the arrangement shown in the figure. Hereinafter, without distinguishing between base stations 11 and 12, they will be collectively referred to as base station 10.

[0228] User terminal 20 may also be connected to at least one of multiple base stations 10. User terminal 20 may also utilize at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using multiple component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0229] Each CC can also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). Macro cell C1 can also be included in FR1, and small cell C2 can also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 can also be a frequency band below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz), and FR2 can also be a frequency band above 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). In addition, the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these; for example, FR1 can also be equivalent to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0230] In addition, user terminal 20 can also communicate in each CC using at least one of Time Division Duplex (TDD) and Frequency Division Duplex (FDD).

[0231] Multiple base stations 10 can also be connected via wired (e.g., fiber optic cable based on the Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication between base stations 11 and 12 is used as a backhaul, base station 11, which is equivalent to a host station, can also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and base station 12, which is equivalent to a relay station, can also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0232] Base station 10 may also be connected to core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. Core network 30 may include, for example, at least one of Evolved Packet Core (EPC), 5G Core Network (5GCN), Next Generation Core (NGC), etc.

[0233] The core network 30 may also include, for example, user plane functions (UPF), access and mobility management functions (AMF), session management functions (SMF), unified data management (UDM), application functions (AF), data network (DN), location management functions (LMF), and network functions (NF) such as operation, administration and maintenance (OAM). Alternatively, a single network node may provide multiple functions. Furthermore, communication with external networks (e.g., the Internet) can also be conducted via the DN.

[0234] User terminal 20 can also be a terminal that supports at least one of the following communication methods: LTE, LTE-A, 5G, etc.

[0235] In wireless communication system 1, wireless access methods based on Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) can also be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) links, Cyclic Prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), Discrete Fourier Transform Spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), and Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) can also be used.

[0236] Wireless access methods can also be referred to as waveforms. In addition, in wireless communication system 1, other wireless access methods (e.g., other single-carrier transmission methods, other multi-carrier transmission methods) can also be applied in the wireless access methods of UL and DL.

[0237] As a downlink channel, the wireless communication system 1 can also use downlink shared channels (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), broadcast channels (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)), downlink control channels (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)) and so on, which are shared among the user terminals 20.

[0238] In addition, as uplink channels, the wireless communication system 1 may also use uplink shared channels (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), uplink control channels (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), random access channels (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) and so on, which are shared by each user terminal 20.

[0239] User data, high-level control information, and System Information Blocks (SIBs) are transmitted via PDSCH. User data and high-level control information can also be transmitted via PUSCH. Furthermore, Master Information Blocks (MIBs) can be transmitted via PBCH.

[0240] Lower-layer control information can also be transmitted via PDCCH. This lower-layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (DCI), which includes scheduling information for at least one of PDSCH and PUSCH.

[0241] Additionally, the DCI for scheduling PDSCH can also be called DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling PUSCH can also be called UL authorization, UL DCI, etc. Furthermore, PDSCH can also be replaced with DL data, and PUSCH can also be replaced with UL data.

[0242] In PDCCH detection, a Control Resource Set (CORESET) and a search space can also be utilized. A CORESET corresponds to the resources used to search for DCIs. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method for PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor CORESETs associated with a specific search space based on search space settings.

[0243] A search space can also correspond to a PDCCH candidate that matches one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces can also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the terms "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", and "CORESET setting" used in this disclosure can be used interchangeably.

[0244] Uplink control information (UCI) can also be transmitted via PUCCH, including at least one of the following: Channel State Information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest ACK knowledgement (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and Scheduling Request (SR). Random access preambles used for establishing a connection with the cell can also be transmitted via PRACH.

[0245] In addition, in this disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc., may be described without the word "link". Furthermore, various channels may be described without the word "physical".

[0246] In wireless communication system 1, synchronization signals (SS) and downlink reference signals (DL-RS) can also be transmitted. In wireless communication system 1, as DL-RS, cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS), demodulation reference signals (DMRS), positioning reference signals (PRS), and phase tracking reference signals (PTRS) can also be transmitted.

[0247] Synchronization signals can be, for example, at least one of the primary synchronization signal (PSS) and the secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block containing SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) can also be called an SS / PBCH block, SS block (SSB), etc. In addition, SS, SSB, etc. can also be called reference signals.

[0248] Furthermore, in wireless communication system 1, the uplink reference signal (UL-RS) can also transmit measurement reference signals (sounding reference signals (SRS)) and demodulation reference signals (DMRS). Additionally, DMRS can also be referred to as user terminal-specific reference signals (UE-specific reference signals).

[0249] (Base station)

[0250] Figure 8This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a base station according to one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmit / receive unit 120, a transmit / receive antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. Alternatively, the control unit 110, the transmit / receive unit 120, the transmit / receive antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may each be provided in more than one manner.

[0251] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the base station 10 may also possess other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0252] The control unit 110 performs overall control of the base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0253] The control unit 110 can also control signal generation and scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping). The control unit 110 can also control transmission, reception, and measurement using the transmit / receive unit 120, transmit / receive antenna 130, and transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmit / receive unit 120. The control unit 110 can also perform call processing (setting, releasing, etc.) of the communication channel, status management of the base station 10, and management of wireless resources.

[0254] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measurement unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmitting processing unit 1211 and a receiving processing unit 1212. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 may be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuitry, baseband circuitry, filters, phase shifters, measurement circuitry, transmitting / receiving circuitry, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0255] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measurement unit 123.

[0256] The transmitting and receiving antenna 130 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0257] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also transmit the aforementioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting / receiving unit 120 can also receive the aforementioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0258] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0259] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) may, for example, perform processing at the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (e.g., RLC retransmission control), and Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 110, and generate a bit string to be transmitted.

[0260] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform transmission processing such as channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) processing (as needed), Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) processing, precoding, and digital-to-analog conversion on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0261] For baseband signals, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc., to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signals through the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[0262] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122) can also amplify, filter, demodulate baseband signals, etc., for signals in the wireless frequency band that are received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 130.

[0263] For the acquired baseband signal, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (receiving and processing unit 1212) can also perform receiving and processing such as analog-to-digital conversion, Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) processing, Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to acquire user data.

[0264] The transmitting / receiving unit 120 (measurement unit 123) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 123 can also perform radio resource management (RRM) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 123 can also measure received power (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP)), received quality (e.g., Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)), signal strength (e.g., Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI)), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 110.

[0265] The transmission path interface 140 can also transmit and receive signals (backhaul signaling) between the device included in the core network 30 (e.g., the network node providing the NF), other base stations 10, etc., and can also acquire and transmit user data (user plane data), control plane data, etc. for the user terminal 20.

[0266] In addition, the transmitting unit and receiving unit of the base station 10 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of the transmitting and receiving unit 120, the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 and the transmission path interface 140.

[0267] Alternatively, the transmitting / receiving unit 120 may receive the sequence in an uplink channel without a demodulation reference signal. Alternatively, the control unit 110 may determine the value of the uplink data based on the sequence.

[0268] (User terminal)

[0269] Figure 9 This diagram illustrates an example of the structure of a user terminal according to one embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. Alternatively, more than one of each of the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be included.

[0270] Furthermore, while this example primarily illustrates the functional blocks of the characteristic portions of this embodiment, it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 may also possess other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Some of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0271] The control unit 210 performs overall control of the user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, control circuit, etc., which are described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0272] The control unit 210 can also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 can also control transmission, reception, measurement, etc., using the transmission / reception unit 220 and the transmission / reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 can also generate data, control information, sequences, etc., to be transmitted as signals and forward them to the transmission / reception unit 220.

[0273] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmitting processing unit 2211 and a receiving processing unit 2212. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 may be composed of a transmitter / receiver, RF circuit, baseband circuit, filter, phase shifter, measurement circuit, transmitting / receiving circuit, etc., as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0274] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can be configured as a single integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or it can be composed of a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit can also be composed of a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit can also be composed of a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measurement unit 223.

[0275] The transmitting and receiving antenna 230 can be constructed from an antenna, such as an array antenna, as described based on common knowledge in the art to which this disclosure pertains.

[0276] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also receive the downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc., mentioned above. The transmitting / receiving unit 220 can also transmit the uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc., mentioned above.

[0277] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (e.g., precoding), analog beamforming (e.g., phase rotation), etc., to form at least one of the transmitting beam and the receiving beam.

[0278] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may, for example, perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (e.g., RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (e.g., HARQ retransmission control) on the data and control information obtained from the control unit 210, and generate the bit string to be transmitted.

[0279] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing, DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be transmitted, and output the baseband signal.

[0280] Furthermore, whether or not to apply DFT processing can be based on the transform precoding settings. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), if transform precoding is activated, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform DFT processing as described above in order to transmit the channel using the DFT-s-OFDM waveform. If not, the transmit / receive unit 220 (transmit processing unit 2211) can perform the above transmission processing without performing DFT processing.

[0281] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also perform modulation, filtering, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to the wireless frequency band, and transmit the wireless frequency band signal through the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0282] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) can also amplify, filter, demodulate, etc., the signals of the wireless frequency band received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0283] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (receiving and processing unit 2212) can also perform receiving and processing on the acquired baseband signal, such as analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing, demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing, to obtain user data.

[0284] The transmitting / receiving unit 220 (measurement unit 223) can also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measurement unit 223 can also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc., based on the received signal. The measurement unit 223 can also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results can also be output to the control unit 210.

[0285] Additionally, the measurement unit 223 can also derive channel measurements for CSI calculation based on channel measurement resources. Channel measurement resources can be, for example, non-zero power (NZP) CSI-RS resources. Furthermore, the measurement unit 223 can also derive interference measurements for CSI calculation based on interference measurement resources. Interference measurement resources can be at least one of NZP CSI-RS resources for interference measurement, CSI-Interference Measurement (IM) resources, etc. Additionally, CSI-IM can also be referred to as CSI-Interference Management (IM), and can be interchanged with zero power (ZP) CSI-RS. Furthermore, in this disclosure, CSI-RS, NZPCSI-RS, ZP CSI-RS, CSI-IM, CSI-SSB, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0286] Alternatively, the transmitting and receiving units of the user terminal 20 in this disclosure may also be composed of at least one of the transmitting and receiving unit 220 and the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0287] Control unit 210 can also generate a sequence of values ​​based on uplink data. Transmit / receive unit 220 can also transmit the sequence in an uplink channel (e.g., PUSCH, PUCCH) without a demodulation reference signal (e.g., DMRS).

[0288] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 can also transmit the sequence in states other than the Radio Resource Control (RRC) connected state.

[0289] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also transmit the sequence in one of a plurality of periodically configured resources.

[0290] The transmission of the sequence may also be without frequency hopping.

[0291] (Hardware structure)

[0292] Furthermore, the block diagrams used in the description of the above embodiments illustrate functional units. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented through any combination of at least one of hardware and software. Moreover, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented using a single device that is physically or logically combined, or it can be implemented by directly or indirectly (e.g., using wired, wireless, etc.) connecting two or more physically or logically separate devices. A functional block can also be implemented by combining the aforementioned single device or multiple devices with software.

[0293] Here, the functions include judgment, decision, determination, calculation, calculation, processing, export, investigation, search, confirmation, receiving, sending, output, access, resolution, selection, selection, establishment, comparison, assumption, expectation, regard as, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, and assigning, but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements the sending function can also be called a transmitting unit, transmitter, etc. As described above, the implementation method is not particularly limited.

[0294] For example, in one embodiment of this disclosure, the base station, user terminal, etc., can also function as a computer for processing the wireless communication method of this disclosure. Figure 10 This diagram illustrates an example of the hardware structure of a base station and a user terminal according to one embodiment. The base station 10 and the user terminal 20 described above can also be physically configured as a computer device including a processor 1001, a memory 1002, a storage device 1003, a communication device 1004, an input device 1005, an output device 1006, a bus 1007, etc.

[0295] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as apparatus, circuit, device, section, and unit are interchangeable. The hardware structure of base station 10 and user terminal 20 can be configured to include one or more of the apparatuses shown in the figures, or it can be configured not to include any of the apparatuses.

[0296] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown, but there can be multiple processors. Furthermore, processing can be performed by one processor, or simultaneously, sequentially, or by two or more processors using other methods. Additionally, processor 1001 can be implemented using more than one chip.

[0297] The functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are implemented, for example, by reading specific software (programs) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via the communication device 1004, or controls at least one of reading out and writing data in the memory 1002 and the storage device 1003.

[0298] The processor 1001, for example, enables the operating system to operate and control the computer as a whole. The processor 1001 may also be configured as a central processing unit (CPU) that includes interfaces with peripheral devices, control devices, arithmetic devices, registers, etc. For example, at least some of the control unit 110 (210), the transmit / receive unit 120 (220), etc. described above may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0299] Furthermore, the processor 1001 reads programs (program code), software modules, data, etc., from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 into the memory 1002, and performs various processes accordingly. As a program, a program that causes the computer to perform at least a portion of the operations described in the above embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001; similar implementations can be made for other functional blocks.

[0300] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as being composed of at least one of read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), random access memory (RAM), or other suitable storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, cache, main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 is capable of storing executable programs (program code), software modules, etc., for implementing the wireless communication method according to one embodiment of this disclosure.

[0301] Storage device 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as at least one of a flexible disc, floppy disk, optical disk (e.g., compact disc ROM, CD-ROM), digital multifunction disk, Blu-ray disc, removable disk, hard disk drive, smart card, flash memory device (e.g., card, stick, key drive), stripe, database, server, or other suitable storage medium. Storage device 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0302] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting and receiving device) used for communication between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network. It is also referred to as a network device, network controller, network interface card (NIC), communication module, etc. To implement at least one of, for example, Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the communication device 1004 may be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the aforementioned transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) and transmitting and receiving antenna 130 (230) can also be implemented by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) can also be implemented by physically or logically separating the transmitting unit 120a (220a) and the receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0303] Input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from external sources (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, etc.). Output device 1006 is an output device that performs output to external sources (e.g., display, speaker, light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). Alternatively, input device 1005 and output device 1006 can also be an integrated structure (e.g., a touch panel).

[0304] Furthermore, the processor 1001, memory 1002, and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 can be configured as a single bus or as different buses between the devices.

[0305] Furthermore, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 can also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and can also use this hardware to implement part or all of the functional blocks. For example, the processor 1001 can also be implemented using at least one of these hardware components.

[0306] (Variation example)

[0307] Furthermore, the terms described in this disclosure, as well as those necessary for understanding this disclosure, may be replaced with terms that have the same or similar meanings. For example, channel, symbol, and signal (signal or signaling) may be used interchangeably. Additionally, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal can also be abbreviated as RS, and may be referred to as pilot, pilot signal, etc., depending on the applied standard. Furthermore, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as cell, frequency carrier, carrier frequency, etc.

[0308] A radio frame can also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each of these periods (frames) that constitutes a radio frame can also be called a subframe. Furthermore, a subframe can also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe can also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) independent of the parameter set (numerology).

[0309] Here, the parameter set can also refer to communication parameters applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a signal or channel. For example, the parameter set can also represent at least one of the following: subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), number of symbols per TTI, radio frame structure, specific filtering processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, and specific windowing processing performed by the transmitter and receiver in the time domain.

[0310] In the time domain, a time slot can also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.). In addition, a time slot can also be a time unit based on a set of parameters.

[0311] A time slot can also contain multiple mini-time slots. Each mini-time slot can also consist of one or more symbols in the time domain. Furthermore, a mini-time slot can also be called a sub-time slot. A mini-time slot can also consist of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-time slot can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using mini-time slots can also be called PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0312] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols can also use their respective other names. Furthermore, the time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols used in this disclosure can be used interchangeably.

[0313] For example, a subframe can also be called a TTI, multiple consecutive subframes can also be called a TTI, and a time slot or a mini-time slot can also be called a TTI. That is to say, at least one of the subframe and TTI can be a subframe in the existing LTE (1ms), a period shorter than 1ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1ms. In addition, the unit representing TTI may not be called a subframe, but a time slot, mini-time slot, etc.

[0314] Here, TTI refers, for example, to the smallest unit of time for scheduling in wireless communication. For instance, in an LTE system, the base station schedules radio resources (frequency bandwidth, transmit power, etc., available to each user terminal) in TTI units. However, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0315] TTI can also be a unit of time for transmitting channel-coded data packets (transmission blocks), code blocks, codewords, etc., and can also be a unit of processing such as scheduling and link adaptation. In addition, when a TTI is given, the actual time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) mapped to transmission blocks, code blocks, codewords, etc. can be shorter than the TTI.

[0316] Additionally, where a time slot or a mini-time slot is referred to as a TTI, more than one TTI (i.e., more than one time slot or more than one mini-time slot) can also serve as the minimum time unit for scheduling. Furthermore, the number of time slots (mini-time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of the schedule can also be controlled.

[0317] A TTI with a duration of 1 ms can also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI can also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub-time slot, a time slot, etc.

[0318] In addition, long TTIs (e.g., normal TTIs, subframes, etc.) can be replaced with TTIs with a duration of more than 1ms, and short TTIs (e.g., shortened TTIs, etc.) can be replaced with TTIs with a duration of less than long TTIs but more than 1ms.

[0319] A resource block (RB) is a unit of resource allocation in both the time and frequency domains. In the frequency domain, it can also contain one or more consecutive subcarriers. The number of subcarriers in an RB can be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, it can be 12. The number of subcarriers in an RB can also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0320] Furthermore, an RB can contain one or more symbols in the time domain, and can also be a time slot, a mini-time slot, a subframe, or the length of a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc., can also be composed of one or more resource blocks.

[0321] In addition, one or more RBs can also be referred to as Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), Sub-Carrier Groups (SCGs), Resource Element Groups (REGs), PRB pairs, RB pairs, etc.

[0322] In addition, a resource block can also consist of one or more resource elements (REs). For example, an RE can also be a radio resource area consisting of a subcarrier and a symbol.

[0323] The Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also referred to as partial bandwidth, etc.) can also represent a subset of consecutive common resource blocks (RBs) used for a certain parameter set in a certain carrier. Here, common RBs can also be determined by the index of RBs based on the common reference point of the carrier. PRBs can also be defined in a BWP and appended with numbers within that BWP.

[0324] A BWP can also include a UL BWP (the BWP used by UL) and a DL BWP (the BWP used by DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs can also be set within a single carrier.

[0325] At least one of the configured BWPs can be active, and the UE may not intend to transmit or receive specific signals / channels outside of the active BWPs. Furthermore, terms such as "cell" and "carrier" in this disclosure can be replaced with "BWP".

[0326] Furthermore, the structures described above, such as radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols, are merely illustrative. For example, the number of subframes contained in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots contained within a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs contained in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers contained in an RB, and the number of symbols in a TTI, symbol length, and cyclic prefix (CP) length can be varied in many ways.

[0327] Furthermore, the information, parameters, etc., described in this disclosure can be represented by absolute values, relative values ​​with respect to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources can also be indicated by a specific index.

[0328] In this disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc., are not limiting names in any respect. Furthermore, the mathematical expressions, etc., using these parameters may differ from those explicitly disclosed in this disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable name; therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting names in any respect.

[0329] The information, signals, etc., described in this disclosure can also be represented using any of a variety of different technologies. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc., which may be mentioned throughout the above description, can also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0330] Furthermore, information, signals, etc., can be output in at least one of the following directions: from higher level (upper layer) to lower level (lower layer), and from lower layer to higher level. Information, signals, etc., can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0331] Input and output information, signals, etc., can be stored in a specific location (e.g., memory) or managed using management tables. Input and output information, signals, etc., can be overwritten, updated, or appended. Output information, signals, etc., can also be deleted. Input information, signals, etc., can also be sent to other devices.

[0332] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in this disclosure, and may also be carried out by other methods. For example, the notification of information in this disclosure may also be implemented by physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (DCI), uplink control information (UCI), etc.), higher layer signaling (e.g., radio resource control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB) etc.), medium access control (MAC) signaling), other signals, or combinations thereof.

[0333] In addition, physical layer signaling can also be referred to as Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2) control information (L1 / L2 control signals), L1 control information (L1 control signals), etc. Furthermore, RRC signaling can also be referred to as RRC messages, such as RRC connection setup messages, RRC connection reconfiguration messages, etc. Additionally, MAC signaling can also be notified using, for example, the MAC control element (CE).

[0334] Furthermore, notification of specific information (e.g., a notification of “is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but can also be implicit (e.g., by not providing that specific information, or by providing other information).

[0335] The determination can be made by a value represented by a single bit (0 or 1), by a true or false value (boolean), or by a numerical comparison (e.g., a comparison with a specific value).

[0336] Whether it is called software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or any other name, software should be broadly interpreted as instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, program, subprogram, software module, application, software application, software package, routine, subroutine, object, executable file, execution thread, process, function, etc.

[0337] Furthermore, software, instructions, and information can also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technologies (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) etc.) and wireless technologies (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired and wireless technologies is included within the definition of a transmission medium.

[0338] The terms “system” and “network” as used in this disclosure are interchangeable. “Network” may also mean devices included in a network (e.g., base stations).

[0339] In this disclosure, the terms “precoding”, “precoder”, “weight (precoding weight)”, “quasi-co-location (QCL)”, “transmission configuration indication state (TCI state)”, “spatial relation”, “spatial domain filter”, “transmit power”, “phase rotation”, “antenna port”, “layer”, “number of layers”, “rank”, “resource”, “resource set”, “beam”, “beam amplitude”, “beam angle”, “antenna”, “antenna element”, “panel”, “UE panel”, “transmitting entity”, and “receiving entity” are used interchangeably.

[0340] Furthermore, in this disclosure, antenna ports can be interchanged with antenna ports used for any signal / channel (e.g., DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS) ports). In this disclosure, resources can also be interchanged with resources used for any signal / channel (e.g., reference signal resources, SRS resources, etc.). Additionally, resources can also include time / frequency / symbol / space / power resources. Moreover, the spatial domain transmission filter can also include at least one of a spatial domain transmission filter and a spatial domain reception filter.

[0341] The aforementioned groups may include, for example, at least one of the following: spatial relation group, code division multiplexing (CDM) group, reference signal (RS) group, control resource set (CORESET) group, PUCCH group, antenna port group (e.g., DMRS port group), layer group, resource group, beam group, antenna group, panel group, etc.

[0342] Furthermore, in this disclosure, beam, SRS Resource Indicator (SRI), CORESET, CORESET Pool, PDSCH, PUSCH, Codeword (CW), Transport Block (TB), RS, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0343] Furthermore, in this disclosure, the TCI state, downlink TCI state (DL TCI state), uplink TCI state (UL TCI state), unified TCI state, common TCI state, and joint TCI state can also be interchanged.

[0344] Furthermore, in this disclosure, terms such as "QCL", "QCL concept", "QCL relationship", "QCL type information", "QCL property (QCLproperty / properties)", "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D) property", and "specific QCL type (e.g., type A, type D)" can be used interchangeably.

[0345] In this disclosure, indexes, identifiers (IDs), indicators, indications, resource IDs, etc., can be used interchangeably. Sequences, lists, sets, groups, clusters, subsets, etc., can also be used interchangeably.

[0346] Furthermore, the Spatial Relationship Information Identifier (ID) (TCI State ID) and the Spatial Relationship Information (TCI State) can be interchanged. "Spatial Relationship Information (TCI State)" can also be interchanged with "a set of Spatial Relationship Information (TCI States)" or "one or more spatial relationship information," etc. TCI State and TCI can also be interchanged. Spatial Relationship Information and Spatial Relationship can also be interchanged.

[0347] In this disclosure, the terms "Base Station (BS)", "Wireless Base Station", "Fixed Station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "Access Point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "Panel", "Cell", "Sector", "Cell Group", "Carrier", and "Component Carrier" are used interchangeably. There are also instances where terms such as macro cell, small cell, femtocell, and picocell are used to refer to base stations.

[0348] A base station can accommodate one or more (e.g., three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, each of which can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (e.g., a small indoor base station (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a portion or all of the coverage area of ​​the base station providing communication services within that coverage area, as well as at least one of the base station subsystems.

[0349] In this disclosure, the base station sending information to the terminal and the base station instructing the terminal to perform control / operation based on that information can be interchanged.

[0350] In this disclosure, the terms “Mobile Station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user equipment (UE)”, and “terminal” are used interchangeably.

[0351] There are also instances where mobile stations are referred to as subscriber stations, mobile units, subscriber units, wireless units, remote units, mobile devices, wireless devices, wireless communication devices, remote devices, mobile subscriber stations, access terminals, mobile terminals, wireless terminals, remote terminals, handsets, user agents, mobile clients, clients, or several other appropriate terms.

[0352] At least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be referred to as a transmitting device, a receiving device, a wireless communication device, etc. Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station can also be a device mounted on a moving object, the moving object itself, etc.

[0353] The term "mobile body" refers to a movable object whose speed is arbitrary, including situations where the body is stationary. Examples of such mobile bodies include vehicles, transport vehicles, automobiles, autonomous two-wheelers, bicycles, connected cars, excavators, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, trailers, rickshaws, ships (bottles and other watercraft), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multi-rotor aircraft, quadcopters, balloons, and objects carried on them, but are not limited to these. Furthermore, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that moves autonomously based on operational commands.

[0354] The mobile entity can be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile entity moving in an unmanned manner (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (humanized or unmanned). Additionally, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may include a device that does not necessarily move during communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be an IoT (Internet of Things) device such as a sensor.

[0355] Figure 11 This figure illustrates an example of a vehicle according to one embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a speed sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a gear shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0356] The drive unit 41 is comprised of at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is configured to include at least a steering wheel (also called a handlebar) and to perform directional control on at least one of the front wheel 46 and the rear wheel 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel by the user.

[0357] The electronic control unit 49 consists of a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (e.g., an input / output (IO) port) 63). Signals from various sensors 50-58 present in the vehicle are input into the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 can also be referred to as an electronic control unit (ECU).

[0358] The signals from various sensors 50-58 include current signals from current sensor 50 that detects the current of the motor, speed signals from front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by speed sensor 51, air pressure signals from front wheel 46 / rear wheel 47 obtained by air pressure sensor 52, vehicle speed signals obtained by vehicle speed sensor 53, acceleration signals obtained by acceleration sensor 54, accelerator pedal 43 depress amount signals obtained by accelerator pedal sensor 55, brake pedal 44 depress amount signals obtained by brake pedal sensor 56, shift lever 45 operation signals obtained by shift lever sensor 57, and detection signals obtained by object detection sensor 58 for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc.

[0359] The information service unit 59 comprises various devices such as a car navigation system, audio system, speakers, display, television, and radio, used to provide (output) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. The information service unit 59 uses information obtained from external devices via the communication module 60, etc., to provide various information / services (e.g., multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40.

[0360] The information service unit 59 may include input devices that accept input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.) or output devices that implement output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.).

[0361] The driver assistance system unit 64 comprises various devices used to provide functions for preventing accidents or reducing the driver's workload, such as millimeter-wave radar, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), cameras, positioning devices (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., High Definition (HD) maps, Autonomous Vehicle (AV) mapping), gyroscope systems (e.g., Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)) and Inertial Navigation System (INS)), artificial intelligence (AI) chips, and AI processors, and one or more ECUs that control these devices. Furthermore, the driver assistance system unit 64 sends and receives various information via communication module 60 to realize driver assistance or autonomous driving functions.

[0362] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and the constituent elements of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 sends and receives data (information) between the microprocessor 61 and the memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and various sensors 50-58 in the drive unit 41, steering control unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, electronic control unit 49, and the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63.

[0363] The communication module 60 is controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49 and is a communication device capable of communicating with external devices. For example, it can transmit and receive various types of information between external devices via wireless communication. The communication module 60 can be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device can be, for example, the aforementioned base station 10, user terminal 20, etc. Furthermore, the communication module 60 can be, for example, at least one of the aforementioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (or it can function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0364] The communication module 60 can also wirelessly transmit to an external device at least one of the signals input to the electronic control unit 49 from the various sensors 50-58, information obtained based on those signals, and information based on input from an external source (user) obtained via the information service unit 59. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc., can also be referred to as input units that accept input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted by the communication module 60 can also contain information based on the aforementioned inputs.

[0365] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, inter-vehicle information, etc.) sent from external devices and displays it to the information service unit 59 provided by the vehicle. The information service unit 59 can also be referred to as an information output unit (e.g., outputting information to devices such as displays and speakers based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or the data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0366] Furthermore, the communication module 60 stores various information received from external devices into a memory 62 that can be utilized by the microprocessor 61. The microprocessor 61 can also control the drive unit 41, steering unit 42, accelerator pedal 43, brake pedal 44, gear shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, axle 48, and various sensors 50-58 of the vehicle 40 based on the information stored in the memory 62.

[0367] Furthermore, the base station in this disclosure can also be replaced by a user terminal. For example, various methods / implementations of this disclosure can be applied to a structure where the communication between the base station and the user terminal is replaced by communication between multiple user terminals (e.g., also referred to as device-to-device (D2D) or vehicle-to-everything (V2X)). In this case, it can also be configured such that the user terminal 20 has the functions of the base station 10 described above. In addition, terms such as "uplink" and "downlink" can be replaced with terms corresponding to inter-terminal communication (e.g., "sidelink"). For example, uplink channel, downlink channel, etc., can also be replaced with sidelink channel.

[0368] Similarly, the user terminal in this disclosure can also be replaced by a base station. In this case, it can also be configured such that the base station 10 has the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0369] In this disclosure, actions are assumed to be performed by the base station, and sometimes, depending on the circumstances, by its upper node. Clearly, in a network containing one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal can be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (e.g., considering a Mobility Management Entity (MME), a Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these), or combinations thereof.

[0370] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be used individually, in combination, or switched as needed during execution. Furthermore, the processing procedures, sequences, flowcharts, etc., of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can be rearranged as long as they do not contradict each other. For example, with respect to the method described in this disclosure, the illustrated order is used to indicate various steps, but the order in which they are indicated is not limited.

[0371] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure can also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New radio access (NX), Futuregeneration radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE This includes 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-Wideband (UWB)), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems utilizing other appropriate wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems extended, modified, established, or specified based on them. Furthermore, multiple systems can be combined (e.g., LTE or LTE-A, combinations with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0372] As used in this disclosure, the word "based on" does not mean "based on only" unless otherwise specified. In other words, the word "based on" means both "based on only" and "based on at least".

[0373] Any reference to an element using the designations "first," "second," etc., as used in this disclosure does not comprehensively limit the quantity or order of these elements. These designations may be used in this disclosure as a convenient method of distinguishing between two or more elements. Therefore, references to the first and second elements do not imply that only two elements may be used, or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[0374] The term "determining" as used in this disclosure can encompass a wide variety of actions. For example, "determining" can also refer to judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (search, inquiry) (e.g., searching in a table, database, or other data structure), and ascertaining.

[0375] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to receiving (e.g., receiving information), transmitting (e.g., sending information), inputting, outputting, accessing (e.g., accessing data in memory), etc., as situations where "judgment (decision)" is performed.

[0376] Furthermore, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to situations where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, or comparing are considered as making a "judgment (decision)". In other words, "judgment (decision)" can also refer to certain actions as making a "judgment (decision)". In this disclosure, "judgment (decision)" and the operations described above can be used interchangeably.

[0377] Furthermore, in this disclosure, "determine / determining" can be interchanged with "assume / assuming," "expect / expecting," and "consider / considering." Additionally, in this disclosure, "not assuming to proceed..." and "assuming not to proceed..." can also be interchanged.

[0378] In this disclosure, "expect" and "be expected" can be used interchangeably. For example, "expect(s)......" ("..." can also be expressed through a that-clause, to-infinitive, etc.) and "be expected......" can also be used interchangeably. "does not expect......" and "be not expected......" can also be used interchangeably. Furthermore, "An apparatus A is not expected......" and "Apparatus B other than apparatus A does not expect......" can also be used interchangeably (for example, if apparatus A is a UE, apparatus B can also be a base station).

[0379] The term "maximum transmit power" as used in this disclosure can refer to the maximum value of the transmit power, the nominal maximum transmit power (the nominal UE maximum transmit power), or the rated maximum transmit power (the rated UE maximum transmit power).

[0380] As used in this disclosure, the terms “connected,” “coupled,” or all variations thereof, refer to all direct or indirect connections or combinations between two or more elements, and can include cases where there is one or more intermediate elements between two mutually “connected” or “coupled” elements. The connections or combinations between elements can be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, “connected” can also be replaced with “access.”

[0381] In this disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to use more than one wire, cable, printed electrical connection, etc., and to use electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region as several non-limiting and non-inclusive examples, so that they are "connected" or "combined" with each other.

[0382] In this disclosure, the term "A is different from B" can also mean "A and B are different from each other". Additionally, this term can also mean "A and B are different from C respectively". Terms such as "separate" and "combined" can also be interpreted in the same way as "different".

[0383] When the terms "include," "including," and variations thereof are used in this disclosure, these terms, like the term "comprising," mean inclusive. Furthermore, the term "or" as used in this disclosure does not mean XOR.

[0384] In this disclosure, for example, in cases where articles are added through translation, such as a, an, and the in English, the disclosure may also include cases where the noun following these articles is in a plural form.

[0385] In this disclosure, expressions such as "below," "less than," "above," "more," and "equal to" can be substituted for each other. Furthermore, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," and "narrow," etc., are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, and can be substituted for each other. Additionally, in this disclosure, words meaning "good," "bad," "large," "small," "high," "low," "fast," "slow," "wide," and "narrow," when used as expressions with "i" appended (i being any integer), are not limited to the positive, comparative, and superlative degrees, and can be substituted for each other (for example, "highest" and "i-th highest" can also be substituted for each other).

[0386] In this disclosure, "of", "for", "regarding", "related to", "associated with" and other terms can be used interchangeably.

[0387] In this disclosure, phrases such as "when A, B", "if A, then B", "B upon A", "in response to A", "based on A", "during / while A", "before A", "at the same time as / on A", "after A", "since A", and "until A" can be interchanged. Furthermore, A and B can be appropriately replaced with nouns, gerunds, or ordinary sentences depending on the context. Additionally, the time difference between A and B can be approximately 0 (immediately following or immediately preceding). Moreover, a time offset can be applied to the time A occurs. For example, "A" can be interchanged with "before / after the time offset of A". The time offset (e.g., more than one symbol / slot) can be predetermined or determined by the UE based on the information it is notified of.

[0388] In this disclosure, timing, moment, time, time instance, any time unit (e.g., time slot, sub-time slot, symbol, subframe), period, occasion, resource, etc., can also be interchanged.

[0389] The inventions disclosed herein have been described in detail above. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the inventions disclosed herein are not limited to the embodiments described herein. The description herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the inventions disclosed herein in any way.

Claims

1. A terminal, comprising: The control unit generates a sequence of values ​​based on uplink data; as well as The transmitting unit transmits the sequence in an uplink channel without a demodulation reference signal.

2. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The transmitting unit transmits the sequence in states other than the Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection state.

3. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The sending unit sends the sequence in one of a plurality of periodically configured resources.

4. The terminal as described in claim 1, wherein, The transmission of the sequence is accompanied by frequency hopping.

5. A wireless communication method, which is a wireless communication method for a terminal, comprising: The steps to generate a sequence of values ​​based on uplink data; as well as The step of transmitting the sequence in an uplink channel without a demodulation reference signal.

6. A base station, comprising: The receiving unit receives the sequence in the uplink channel without a demodulation reference signal; as well as The control unit determines the value of the uplink data based on the sequence.

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