A kind of precision speed-regulated hydraulic drive fan for air-blowing no-tillage seeder

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a precision speed-adjustable hydraulic drive fan for air-blowing no-tillage seeding machine, which comprises a fan shell, a hydraulic motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fan shell, a plurality of oil inlet pipes are fixedly communicated with the oil inlet port of the hydraulic motor, an air exhaust pipe is fixedly communicated with the circumferential side wall of the fan shell, and a self-adaptive speed regulation assembly is fixedly communicated with the top end of the air exhaust pipe. The present application adopts the mode of driving the impeller to rotate by the hydraulic motor to replace the traditional mechanical transmission to drive the fan to operate, effectively improves the safety and reliability of the air-blowing seeding fan equipment operation, can accurately detect the seed particle size and instantly adaptively adjust the air-blowing speed of the seeds according to the seed particle size, effectively improves the air-blowing seeding quality, and can adaptively adjust the feeding vibration frequency according to different particle size seeds, so that the seed sowing density is uniform, and the uniformity and continuity of seed sowing are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder. Background Technology

[0002] Air-blown no-till seeders are key equipment in modern precision agriculture. They use high-speed airflow to blow seeds into the seed furrow, offering advantages such as uniform sowing, minimal seed damage, and high operating efficiency. Their core component is the fan that generates the high-speed airflow.

[0003] Currently, most air-blowing no-till planters use mechanically driven blowers, primarily in two ways: one is through the tractor's power take-off shaft (PTO) via a universal joint drive shaft and gearbox to increase speed before driving the blower; the other is through the ground wheel via a chain or belt drive mechanism. These two traditional drive methods have the following inherent drawbacks: 1. They require numerous mechanical components such as universal joint drive shafts, speed increasers, pulleys, and chains, resulting in a bulky structure, large space occupation, and certain installation alignment precision requirements; 2. Multi-stage mechanical transmission leads to low transmission efficiency and significant energy loss; 3. The blower's speed is strongly correlated with the tractor's forward speed or the fixed PTO speed, making independent and flexible stepless speed adjustment impossible based on actual sowing needs (such as the airflow speed required for seeds of different sizes), affecting the quality of air-blowing sowing; 4. Mechanical transmission components are prone to wear and require regular maintenance, and high-speed transmission components pose safety hazards.

[0004] Furthermore, during the seed feeding process (before the seeds are expelled by air), the seeds are prone to blockage in the feeding pipe, causing the air-blown seed sowing process to stall and affecting sowing efficiency. Currently, vibration is often used to assist seed feeding. However, it is difficult to achieve uniform falling of seeds of different sizes during feeding. For example, larger-diameter seeds have poorer aggregation than smaller-diameter seeds, and high-frequency vibration can easily damage the seeds. Smaller-diameter seeds have stronger aggregation and agglomeration, and low-frequency vibration cannot break the adsorption force between the seeds, making it difficult to feed the seeds evenly. This results in uneven seed sowing density and affects the uniformity and continuity of seed sowing.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a fan drive solution that is structurally simple, has flexible air blowing speed regulation, high energy efficiency, and reliable seeding operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder, which can effectively solve the problems in the existing technology that it is impossible to independently and flexibly adjust the stepless speed according to the actual sowing needs, and that seeds are prone to clogging and jamming, making it difficult for them to fall evenly, thus affecting sowing efficiency, sowing uniformity and continuity.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till planter, comprising:

[0009] A fan housing, wherein a hydraulic motor is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fan housing, and the oil inlet port of the hydraulic motor is fixedly connected to several oil inlet pipes; an exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the fan housing, and an adaptive speed regulation component is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe.

[0010] The adaptive speed control component includes a feed pipe fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe. A guide ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe. Two arc-shaped sliding holes are opened on the side wall of the feed pipe. Two inner rotating rods are rolled and engaged at the two arc-shaped sliding holes. Two electric push rods are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the feed pipe through a ring frame. Support shaft seats are fixedly connected to the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods. The two support shaft seats are connected to the ends of the two inner rotating rods through a transmission rod. A seed detection and conveying component is rotatably connected to the side wall of the feed pipe. A precision speed control component is fixedly connected to the top of the oil inlet pipe. A speed control transmission component is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the telescopic end of one of the electric push rods.

[0011] A multi-directional vibration feeding assembly is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the precision speed regulating component includes a lower through pipe fixedly connected to the top of the oil inlet pipe, a connecting frame fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the lower through pipe, an upper through pipe fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame, sealed bearings fixedly connected to the outer peripheral walls of both the upper and lower through pipes, a speed regulating through pipe fixedly connected to the outer rings of the two sealed bearings, a rotary valve plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the speed regulating through pipe, a fixed valve plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper through pipe, and several flow holes opened on both the fixed valve plate and the rotary valve plate.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes: a hydraulic pump, an oil tank, an oil outlet pipe, an air inlet pipe, and an impeller. The two ends of the oil outlet pipe are fixedly connected to the oil return port of the hydraulic motor and the oil tank, respectively. The hydraulic pump is connected to the upper through pipe and the hydraulic pump is connected to the oil tank through high-pressure hoses. The air inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the axial side wall of the fan casing. The impeller is rotatably installed on the axial inner wall of the fan casing. The impeller shaft is coaxially connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor through a coupling.

[0014] Furthermore, the seed detection and conveying component includes two outer rotating rods rotatably connected to the side wall of the feeding pipe. Two small motors are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe. The output ends of the two small motors are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two outer rotating rods. External synchronous gears are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral walls of the two outer rotating rods. Internal synchronous gears are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral walls of the two inner rotating rods. The two internal synchronous gears are respectively meshed with the two external synchronous gears through elastic synchronous tracks. The elastic synchronous tracks are in close contact with the lower end face of the guide ring. A miniature vision sensor is fixedly installed at the lower position of the inner wall of the feeding pipe. The miniature vision sensor is used to monitor in real time whether seeds are falling below the two elastic synchronous tracks. A PLC controller is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fan housing. The PLC controller, the miniature vision sensor, and the two electric push rods are electrically connected to an external power supply.

[0015] Furthermore, the speed regulating transmission component includes a lifting frame fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of one of the electric push rod telescopic ends. The top of the lifting frame is provided with an oblique sliding groove. A support frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting frame. Several rectangular limiting rings are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame. A stop plate is slidably connected to the inner side of the several rectangular limiting rings. The end of the stop plate near the lifting frame is inclined and slides in contact with the top of the lifting frame through the oblique sliding groove. A thin toothed plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stop plate. A thin toothed ring is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the speed regulating pipe. The thin toothed ring and the thin toothed plate mesh and transmit power.

[0016] Furthermore, the support frame is provided with a strip-shaped sliding hole, and a T-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the abutment plate. The T-shaped rod slides with the support frame through the strip-shaped sliding hole, and a compression spring is fixedly connected between the T-shaped rod and the support frame.

[0017] Furthermore, the multi-directional vibration feeding assembly includes a connecting frame fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe. A feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame. Limiting rings are fixedly connected to the inner walls of both the feeding pipe and the feeding pipe near the connecting frame. A transfer pipe is rotatably connected between the two limiting rings. A limiting plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transfer pipe. An eccentric hole is provided on the limiting plate. A feeding hopper is slidably connected to the eccentric hole. A plurality of combing columns are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feeding hopper. A plurality of abutting rollers are fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer peripheral wall of the feeding hopper. An annular corrugated plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feeding pipe. The plurality of abutting rollers are in rolling contact with the upper surface of the annular corrugated plate. An adaptive vibration adjustment component is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe.

[0018] Furthermore, the multi-directional vibration feeding assembly also includes a variable frequency motor fixedly installed on the lower end face of the connecting frame. The output end of the variable frequency motor passes through the bottom end of the connecting frame and is fixedly connected to a drive gear. A transmission gear ring is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the adapter pipe, and the transmission gear ring meshes with the drive gear for transmission.

[0019] Furthermore, the adaptive vibration adjustment component includes a variable resistance rod fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the feed pipe. Two sliders are slidably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the variable resistance rod. Guide rods are rotatably connected to the ends of the two inner rotating rods. The ends of the two guide rods are fixedly connected to the two sliders respectively. The variable resistance rod and the two sliders form a sliding rheostat. The sliding rheostat, the frequency converter, and the external power supply are electrically connected. During the sliding of the two sliders in opposite directions, the resistance value of the sliding rheostat in the closed circuit formed by the variable resistance rod, the two sliders, the frequency converter, and the external power supply increases.

[0020] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the known prior art:

[0021] 1. This invention incorporates a hydraulic motor. The tractor engine drives a hydraulic pump to draw hydraulic oil from the tank and pressurize it into high-pressure oil. The controlled high-pressure oil enters the hydraulic motor, driving the rotor inside to rotate. This converts hydraulic energy into mechanical torque and speed to drive the impeller. After completing its work, the low-pressure hydraulic oil flows out from the return port of the hydraulic motor, passes through the outlet pipe and filter, and returns to the tank for cooling and settling, ready for recycling. The hydraulic motor drives the impeller instead of the traditional mechanical transmission to drive the fan. The hydraulic drive circuit, consisting of a hydraulic pump, tank, and high-pressure hose, avoids the use of traditional mechanical transmission components, significantly simplifying the overall structure. The hydraulic transmission method has high transmission efficiency, significantly reduces energy loss compared to multi-stage mechanical transmission, and the hydraulic components operate smoothly with minimal wear and strong overload protection, effectively improving the safety and reliability of the air-blowing seeding fan equipment.

[0022] 2. In this invention, an adaptive speed control component is set up. The seeds to be sown fall from the feed hopper and enter the area above two elastic synchronous tracks through the guide ring. The two elastic synchronous tracks are driven to actively transport the seeds in a clamping manner. At the same time, the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks is gradually increased until the seeds can fall smoothly under the clamping transport of the two elastic synchronous tracks. The falling seeds are monitored in real time by a micro vision sensor, which can realize the detection and transport of seed particle size. When the seeds can pass through the two elastic synchronous tracks, the micro vision sensor detects the falling seeds below the elastic synchronous tracks and transmits a signal to the PLC controller. After receiving the signal, the PLC controller immediately controls the two electric push rods to stop running. During the process of increasing the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks, the rotating valve plate is driven to rotate relative to the fixed valve plate and increase the flow area of ​​the flow hole to increase the flow rate of high-pressure hydraulic oil into the hydraulic motor, increase the rotation speed of the hydraulic motor driving impeller and the wind speed of the exhaust pipe, so as to accurately detect the seed particle size and adaptively and steplessly adjust the air blowing speed of the seeds in real time according to the seed particle size, effectively improving the quality of air blowing sowing.

[0023] 3. The present invention is equipped with a multi-directional vibration feeding component. The output end of the variable frequency motor drives the drive gear to rotate. The meshing transmission between the drive gear and the transmission gear ring drives the transfer tube to rotate, which in turn drives the limit plate and the feeding hopper to perform eccentric rotation. At the same time, under the gravity of the feeding hopper itself and the abutting action of several abutting rollers and the annular corrugated plate, the feeding hopper can be driven to perform rapid reciprocating lifting and lowering movement. This can realize multi-directional eccentric rotation lifting vibration of the feeding hopper, improve the falling efficiency of seeds in the feeding hopper, avoid seed blockage and jamming, and ensure that seeds can be fed smoothly.

[0024] 4. In this invention, an adaptive vibration adjustment component is provided. When the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks increases, the seed particle size is larger, the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks, the two inner rotating rods, and the two sliding plates is larger, the resistance value of the sliding rheostat composed of the variable resistor rod and the two sliding plates is smaller, and the input current of the variable frequency motor is smaller. As a result, the frequency of the rotating and lifting vibration of the feed hopper is lower, avoiding damage to the seeds. Conversely, when the seed particle size is smaller, the distance between the two sliding plates is smaller, and the variable frequency motor drives the feed hopper to rotate faster. As a result, the frequency of the rotating and lifting vibration of the feed hopper is higher, ensuring that smaller-diameter seeds can fully eliminate the adsorption force. Thus, the feeding vibration frequency can be adaptively adjusted according to different seed particle sizes, so that the seed sowing density is uniform, improving the uniformity and continuity of seed sowing. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the wind turbine housing structure in this invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the speed regulating pipe section of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper and lower through pipe sections of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame and the backing plate structure in this invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust pipe and the material feeding pipe in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the exhaust pipe and the material feeding pipe in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A;

[0035] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust pipe and feed pipe of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the exhaust pipe and feed pipe of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a portion of the seed detection and delivery component in this invention;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the structure of the feed hopper and transfer pipe of the present invention.

[0039] Reference numerals: 1. Fan housing; 2. Hydraulic motor; 3. Oil inlet pipe; 4. Exhaust pipe; 5. Adaptive speed control component; 51. Feed pipe; 52. Guide ring; 53. Arc-shaped sliding hole; 54. Inner rotating rod; 55. Ring frame; 56. Electric push rod; 57. Support shaft seat; 58. Transmission rod; 6. Seed detection and conveying component; 61. Outer rotating rod; 62. Small motor; 63. External synchronous gear; 64. Internal synchronous gear; 65. Elastic synchronous track; 66. Miniature vision sensor; 67. PLC controller; 7. Precision speed control component; 71. Lower through pipe; 72. Connecting frame; 73. Upper through pipe; 74. Sealed bearing; 75. Speed ​​control through pipe; 76. Rotary valve plate; 77. Fixed valve plate; 78. Flow hole; 8. Speed ​​control transmission component; 81. Lifting frame 82. Inclined chute; 83. Support frame; 84. Rectangular limiting ring; 85. Abutment plate; 86. Fine toothed plate; 87. Fine toothed ring; 9. Multi-directional vibrating feeding assembly; 91. Connecting frame; 92. Feed pipe; 93. Limiting ring; 94. Transfer pipe; 95. Limiting plate; 96. Eccentric hole; 97. Feed hopper; 98. Combing column; 99. Abutment roller; 910. Annular corrugated plate; 911. Variable frequency motor; 912. Drive gear; 913. Transmission toothed ring; 10. Hydraulic pump; 11. Oil tank; 12. Oil outlet pipe; 13. Air inlet pipe; 14. Impeller; 15. High-pressure hose; 16. Strip-shaped sliding hole; 17. T-shaped rod; 18. Compression spring; 19. Adaptive vibration adjustment component; 191. Variable resistance rod; 192. Sliding plate; 193. Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0042] Example: Refer to Figures 1 to 13 A hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till planter, comprising:

[0043] A fan housing 1, a hydraulic motor 2 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fan housing 1, a number of oil inlet pipes 3 are fixedly connected to the oil inlet port of the hydraulic motor 2, an exhaust pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the circumferential side wall of the fan housing 1, and an adaptive speed regulating component 5 is fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe 4.

[0044] The adaptive speed control component 5 includes a feed pipe 51 fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe 4. A guide ring 52 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe 51. Two arc-shaped sliding holes 53 are opened on the side wall of the feed pipe 51. Two inner rotating rods 54 are rolled and fitted at the two arc-shaped sliding holes 53. Two electric push rods 56 are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the feed pipe 51 through a ring frame 55. The electric push rods 56 are model DATIEE-IMD3. Support shaft seats 57 are fixedly connected to the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 56. The two support shaft seats 57 are connected to the ends of the two inner rotating rods 54 through a transmission rod 58.

[0045] A seed detection and conveying component 6 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the feeding pipe 51. The seed detection and conveying component 6 includes two outer rotating rods 61 rotatably connected to the side wall of the feeding pipe 51. Two small motors 62 are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe 51. The small motors 62 are model YY80-220-25NA-80JB3GN. The output ends of the two small motors 62 are fixedly connected to the ends of the two outer rotating rods 61 respectively. An outer synchronous gear 63 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of each of the two outer rotating rods 61. An inner synchronous gear 64 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of each of the two inner rotating rods 54. 4. Two internal synchronous gears 64 are respectively meshed with two external synchronous gears 63 through elastic synchronous tracks 65. The elastic synchronous tracks 65 are in close contact with the lower end face of the guide ring 52. A miniature vision sensor 66 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the inner wall of the feeding pipe 51. The miniature vision sensor 66 is used to monitor in real time whether there are seeds falling below the two elastic synchronous tracks 65. A PLC controller 67 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fan housing 1. The PLC controller 67, the miniature vision sensor 66, and the two electric push rods 56 are electrically connected to an external power supply.

[0046] Specifically, the PLC controller 67 is a Siemens S7-200SMART model, and the PLC controller 67 has a built-in time relay, which can control the synchronous operation and stop of the extension and retraction ends of the two electric push rods 56; the miniature vision sensor 66 has a detection accuracy of ±0.05mm; the electric push rod 56 has a stroke of 50-100mm and a thrust of 500-1000N;

[0047] Specifically, the miniature vision sensor 66 is model IV2-200MA. When the miniature vision sensor 66 detects three seeds falling continuously for a duration of ≥0.5s, it sends a stop signal to the PLC controller 67. After receiving the signal, the PLC controller 67 controls the electric push rod 56 to cut off the power and lock it within 0.1s.

[0048] Two small motors 62 drive two outer rotating rods 61 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, and two inner rotating rods 54 are driven to rotate synchronously in opposite directions by elastic synchronous tracks 65. This allows the two elastic synchronous tracks 65 to actively transport seeds in a clamping manner. At the same time, the PLC controller 67 controls the operation of two electric push rods 56. The telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 56 drive the support shaft seat 57 to move upward. Through the transmission rod 58, the two inner rotating rods 54 are pushed to move in opposite directions, thereby gradually increasing the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks 65 until the seeds can fall smoothly under the clamping transport of the two elastic synchronous tracks 65. The falling seeds are monitored in real time by a miniature vision sensor 66, which enables the detection and transport of seed particle size.

[0049] The top end of the oil inlet pipe 3 is fixedly connected to a precision speed regulating component 7. The precision speed regulating component 7 includes a lower pipe 71 fixedly connected to the top end of the oil inlet pipe 3. A connecting frame 72 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the lower pipe 71. An upper pipe 73 is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting frame 72. Sealed bearings 74 are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral walls of both the upper pipe 73 and the lower pipe 71. The sealed bearings 74 adopt a double-lip sealing structure and are equipped with nitrile rubber sealing rings. The sealing pressure is ≥25MPa to prevent hydraulic oil leakage. Speed ​​regulating pipes 75 are fixedly connected to the outer rings of the two sealed bearings 74. A rotary valve plate 76 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the speed regulating pipe 75. A fixed valve plate 77 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper pipe 73. Several flow holes 78 are opened on both the fixed valve plate 77 and the rotary valve plate 76.

[0050] Specifically, sealing gaskets are fixed on the outer surfaces of both the rotary valve plate 76 and the fixed valve plate 77, and the rotary valve plate 76 and the fixed valve plate 77 are fitted and rotated through the sealing gaskets. The fitting gap is ≤0.03mm. The rotation angle of the rotary valve plate 76 relative to the fixed valve plate 77 is 0-90 degrees, and the corresponding flow area of ​​the flow hole 78 is 0-100%. The hydraulic oil flow rate is linearly positively correlated with the flow area, and the fan speed varies with the flow rate in the range of 5-20m / s.

[0051] It also includes: a hydraulic pump 10, an oil tank 11, an oil outlet pipe 12, an air inlet pipe 13, and an impeller 14. The two ends of the oil outlet pipe 12 are fixedly connected to the return oil port of the hydraulic motor 2 and the oil tank 11, respectively. The hydraulic pump 10 is connected to the upper through pipe 73 and the hydraulic pump 10 is connected to the oil tank 11 through a high-pressure hose 15. The air inlet pipe 13 is fixedly connected to the axial side wall of the fan housing 1. The impeller 14 is rotatably installed on the axial inner wall of the fan housing 1. The wheel shaft of the impeller 14 is coaxially connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor 2 through a coupling.

[0052] Specifically, the hydraulic motor 2 has a rated pressure of 16-25MPa and a displacement of 25-50mL / r; the hydraulic pump 10 has an output pressure of 16-25MPa and a flow rate of 30-60L / min; and the high-pressure hose 15 has a pressure resistance rating of ≥31.5MPa.

[0053] The hydraulic motor 2 drives the impeller 14 to rotate instead of the traditional mechanical transmission to drive the fan. The hydraulic drive circuit, consisting of the hydraulic pump 10, oil tank 11 and high-pressure hose 15, avoids the use of traditional mechanical transmission components, greatly simplifies the overall structure, and the hydraulic transmission method has high transmission efficiency and significantly reduces energy loss compared to multi-stage mechanical transmission. In addition, the hydraulic components operate smoothly, have less wear, and have strong overload protection capabilities, effectively improving the safety and reliability of the air-blowing seeding fan equipment.

[0054] A speed regulating transmission component 8 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the telescopic end of one of the electric push rods 56. The speed regulating transmission component 8 includes a lifting frame 81 fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the telescopic end of one of the electric push rods 56. The top of the lifting frame 81 is provided with an inclined sliding groove 82. A support frame 83 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting frame 72. Several rectangular limiting rings 84 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support frame 83. A stop plate 85 is slidably connected to the inner side of the several rectangular limiting rings 84. The end of the stop plate 85 near the lifting frame 81 is inclined. The inclined slide groove 82 contacts and slides with the top of the lifting frame 81. A thin toothed plate 86 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the abutment plate 85. A thin toothed ring 87 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the speed regulating pipe 75. The thin toothed ring 87 and the thin toothed plate 86 mesh and drive each other. A strip-shaped sliding hole 16 is opened on the support frame 83. A T-shaped rod 17 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the abutment plate 85. The T-shaped rod 17 slides with the support frame 83 through the strip-shaped sliding hole 16. A compression spring 18 is fixedly connected between the T-shaped rod 17 and the support frame 83.

[0055] Specifically, the elastic synchronous track 65 has a width of 30-50mm and an elastic coefficient of 10-20N / mm. The elastic synchronous track 65 is pre-tensioned to ensure that the inner synchronous gear 64 remains taut when moving close to the outer synchronous gear 63. Several hard teeth are fixed on the inner side of the elastic synchronous track 65, and several arrayed teeth are also fixed on the inner synchronous gear 64 and the outer synchronous gear 63. When the outer synchronous gear 63 drives the elastic synchronous track 65 and the inner synchronous gear 64 to rotate, the teeth on the inner side of the elastic synchronous track 65 mesh with the teeth on the outer synchronous gear 63 and the inner synchronous gear 64.

[0056] When seeds pass through the two elastic synchronous tracks 65, the micro vision sensor 66 detects the falling seeds below the elastic synchronous tracks 65 and transmits a signal to the PLC controller 67. After receiving the signal, the PLC controller 67 immediately controls the two electric push rods 56 to stop running. As the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods 56 extend to increase the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks 65, the lifting frame 81 can be moved upward in sync. This allows the lifting frame 81 to push the abutment plate 85 to move horizontally relative to the support frame 83 and the connecting frame 72. The meshing transmission between the fine toothed plate 86 and the fine toothed ring 87 drives the speed regulating pipe 75 to rotate, causing the rotating valve plate 76 to rotate synchronously relative to the fixed valve plate 77 and increase the flow area of ​​the flow hole 78. This increases the flow rate of high-pressure hydraulic oil into the hydraulic motor 2, increases the rotation speed of the impeller 14 driven by the hydraulic motor 2 and the wind speed of the exhaust pipe 4. This allows for precise detection of seed particle size and real-time adaptive stepless adjustment of the air blowing speed to the seeds based on the seed particle size, effectively improving the quality of air blowing sowing.

[0057] A multi-directional vibrating feeding assembly 9 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe 51. The multi-directional vibrating feeding assembly 9 includes a connecting frame 91 fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe 51. A feeding pipe 92 is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame 91. Limiting rings 93 are fixedly connected to both the feeding pipe 92 and the inner wall of the feeding pipe 51 near the connecting frame 91. A transfer pipe 94 is rotatably connected between the two limiting rings 93. A limiting plate 95 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transfer pipe 94. An eccentric hole 96 is opened on the limiting plate 95. A feeding hopper 97 is slidably connected to the eccentric hole 96. Several combing columns 98 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feeding hopper 97. The combing columns 98 are evenly distributed along the inner wall of the feeding hopper, with a spacing of 20mm. They are made of 304 stainless steel, have a diameter of 8mm, and have rounded corners at the ends with a radius of 2mm to prevent scratching the seeds. The outer peripheral wall of the feeding hopper 97 is near the connecting frame 91. Several abutting rollers 99 are fixedly connected at the upper position. An annular corrugated plate 910 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe 92. The corrugation depth of the annular corrugated plate 910 is 5-8mm and the spacing is 10-15mm. The several abutting rollers 99 are in contact with the upper end face of the annular corrugated plate 910 and roll in cooperation. The multi-directional vibration feeding assembly 9 also includes a variable frequency motor 911 fixedly installed on the lower end face of the connecting frame 91. The variable frequency motor 911 is model FR-D740-1.5K-CHT. The rated power of the variable frequency motor 911 is 0.37-1.5kW and the speed range is 500-3000r / min. The output end of the variable frequency motor 911 passes through the bottom end of the connecting frame 91 and is fixedly connected to the drive gear 912. A transmission gear ring 913 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the adapter pipe 94. The transmission gear ring 913 meshes with the drive gear 912 for transmission cooperation.

[0058] Specifically, the eccentric hole 96 has a rotation radius of 15mm to ensure that the vibration amplitude of the feed hopper 97 is moderate, which improves the feeding efficiency and avoids seed damage. The gaps between the feed hopper 97 and the eccentric hole 96, the inclined slide 82 and the inclined end of the abutment plate 85 are all 0.1mm, and the sliding fits are all lubricated with graphite grease.

[0059] The output of the variable frequency motor 911 drives the drive gear 912 to rotate. The meshing and transmission of the drive gear 912 and the transmission gear ring 913 drive the transfer tube 94 to rotate, which in turn drives the limit plate 95 and the feed hopper 97 to perform eccentric rotation. At the same time, under the gravity of the feed hopper 97 itself and the abutting action of several abutting rollers 99 and the annular corrugated plate 910, the feed hopper 97 can be driven to perform rapid reciprocating lifting and lowering movement. This enables the feed hopper 97 to achieve multi-directional eccentric rotation lifting and vibrating, improves the falling efficiency of seeds in the feed hopper 97, avoids seed blockage and jamming, and ensures smooth seed feeding.

[0060] An adaptive vibration adjustment component 19 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe 51. The adaptive vibration adjustment component 19 includes a variable resistance rod 191 fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe 51. Two sliders 192 are slidably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the variable resistance rod 191. Guide rods 193 are rotatably connected to the ends of the two inner rotating rods 54. The ends of the two guide rods 193 are fixedly connected to the two sliders 192 respectively. The variable resistance rod 191 and the two sliders 192 form a sliding rheostat. The sliding rheostat, the frequency converter 911 and the external power supply are electrically connected. During the sliding process of the two sliders 192 sliding in opposite directions, the resistance value of the sliding rheostat in the closed circuit formed by the variable resistance rod 191, the two sliders 192, the frequency converter 911 and the external power supply increases.

[0061] Specifically, the resistance value of the sliding rheostat is 50-500Ω, corresponding to the speed of the frequency converter 911 is 500-3000r / min, the vibration frequency of the feed hopper 97 is 5-30Hz, and the resistance value of the sliding rheostat is inversely proportional to the vibration frequency.

[0062] When the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks 65 increases, the seed particle size is larger, the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks 65, the two inner rotating rods 54, and the two sliding plates 192 is larger, the resistance value of the sliding rheostat composed of the variable resistor rod 191 and the two sliding plates 192 is smaller, the input current of the frequency converter 911 is smaller, and thus the frequency of the rotational lifting vibration of the feed hopper 97 is lower, avoiding damage to the seeds. Conversely, when the seed particle size is smaller, the distance between the two sliding plates 192 is smaller, the frequency converter 911 drives the feed hopper 97 to rotate faster, and thus the frequency of the rotational lifting vibration of the feed hopper 97 is higher, ensuring that smaller-sized seeds can fully eliminate the adsorption force. Therefore, the feeding vibration frequency can be adaptively adjusted according to different seed particle sizes, so that the seed sowing density is uniform, improving the uniformity and continuity of seed sowing.

[0063] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0064] In use, the tractor engine drives the hydraulic pump 10 to draw hydraulic oil from the oil tank 11 and pressurize it into high-pressure oil. The controlled high-pressure oil enters the hydraulic motor 2, which drives the rotor inside the hydraulic motor 2 to rotate, thereby converting hydraulic energy into mechanical torque and speed to drive the impeller 14 to rotate. After completing the work, the low-pressure hydraulic oil flows out from the return port of the hydraulic motor 2, and returns to the oil tank 11 through the oil outlet pipe 12 and the filter for cooling and sedimentation, so that it can be recycled.

[0065] The hydraulic motor 2 drives the impeller 14 to rotate instead of the traditional mechanical transmission to drive the fan. The hydraulic drive circuit consisting of the hydraulic pump 10, oil tank 11 and high-pressure hose 15 avoids the use of traditional mechanical transmission components.

[0066] The seeds to be sown fall from the feed hopper 97 and enter the area above the two elastic synchronous tracks 65 via the guide ring 52. The operation of the two small motors 62 is controlled, which drive the two outer rotating rods 61 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions. The elastic synchronous tracks 65 drive the two inner rotating rods 54 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, so that the two elastic synchronous tracks 65 can actively transport the seeds in a clamping manner. At the same time, the PLC controller 67 controls the operation of the two electric push rods 56. The extension ends of the two electric push rods 56 drive the support shaft seat 57 to move upward. Through the transmission rod 58, the two inner rotating rods 54 are pushed to move in opposite directions, so that the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks 65 gradually increases until the seeds can fall smoothly under the clamping transport of the two elastic synchronous tracks 65. The falling seeds are monitored in real time by the miniature vision sensor 66 to realize the detection and transport of seed particle size.

[0067] When the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks 65 is just right for the seed size, that is, when the seed can pass through the two elastic synchronous tracks 65, the micro vision sensor 66 detects the falling seed below the elastic synchronous tracks 65 and transmits a signal to the PLC controller 67. After receiving the signal, the PLC controller 67 immediately controls the two electric push rods 56 to stop running. During the process of the extension and retraction ends of the two electric push rods 56 increasing the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks 65, the lifting frame 81 can be moved upward synchronously, so that the lifting frame 81 can push the abutment plate 85 to move horizontally relative to the support frame 83 and the connecting frame 72. The meshing transmission of the fine toothed plate 86 and the fine toothed ring 87 drives the speed regulating pipe 75 to rotate, so that the rotating valve plate 76 rotates synchronously relative to the fixed valve plate 77 and increases the flow area of ​​the flow hole 78, thereby increasing the flow rate of high pressure hydraulic oil into the hydraulic motor 2, and increasing the rotation speed of the impeller 14 driven by the hydraulic motor 2 and the wind speed of the exhaust pipe 4.

[0068] During seed feeding and unloading, the variable frequency motor 911 is controlled to run. The output of the variable frequency motor 911 drives the drive gear 912 to rotate. The meshing transmission between the drive gear 912 and the transmission gear ring 913 drives the transfer tube 94 to rotate, which in turn drives the limit plate 95 and the feeding hopper 97 to perform eccentric rotation. At the same time, under the gravity of the feeding hopper 97 itself and the abutting action of several abutting rollers 99 and the annular corrugated plate 910, the feeding hopper 97 can be driven to perform rapid reciprocating lifting and lowering movement. This enables the feeding hopper 97 to achieve multi-directional eccentric rotation lifting and lowering vibration, improving the seed falling efficiency in the feeding hopper 97.

[0069] At the telescopic end of the electric push rod 56, the two inner rotating rods 54 are driven to move in opposite directions via the support shaft seat 57 and the two transmission rods 58. That is, when the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks 65 increases, the larger the seed particle size, the larger the distance between the two elastic synchronous tracks 65, the two inner rotating rods 54 and the two sliding plates 192, the smaller the resistance value of the sliding rheostat composed of the variable resistor rod 191 and the two sliding plates 192, the smaller the input current of the frequency converter 911, and thus the lower the frequency of the rotational lifting vibration of the feed hopper 97, avoiding damage to the seeds. Conversely, when the seed particle size is smaller, the distance between the two sliding plates 192 is smaller, the frequency converter 911 drives the feed hopper 97 to rotate faster, and thus the frequency of the rotational lifting vibration of the feed hopper 97 is higher, ensuring that smaller-sized seeds can fully eliminate the adsorption force.

[0070] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder, characterized in that, include: A fan housing (1) is provided with a hydraulic motor (2) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fan housing (1). The oil inlet port of the hydraulic motor (2) is fixedly connected to several oil inlet pipes (3). The circumferential side wall of the fan housing (1) is fixedly connected to an exhaust pipe (4). The top end of the exhaust pipe (4) is fixedly connected to an adaptive speed regulating component (5). The adaptive speed control component (5) includes a feed pipe (51) fixedly connected to the top of the exhaust pipe (4). A guide ring (52) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe (51). Two arc-shaped sliding holes (53) are opened on the side wall of the feed pipe (51). Two inner rotating rods (54) are rolled and engaged at the two arc-shaped sliding holes (53). Two electric push rods (56) are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the feed pipe (51) through a ring frame (55). Support shaft seats (57) are fixedly connected to the telescopic ends of the two electric push rods (56). The two support shaft seats (57) and the ends of the two inner rotating rods (54) are connected to the transmission rods (58). Seed detection and conveying component (6) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the feed pipe (51). A precision speed control component (7) is fixedly connected to the top of the oil inlet pipe (3). A speed control transmission component (8) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the telescopic end of one of the electric push rods (56). The seed detection and conveying component (6) includes two outer rotating rods (61) rotatably connected to the side wall of the feed pipe (51). Two small motors (62) are fixedly installed on the outer peripheral wall of the feed pipe (51). The output ends of the two small motors (62) are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two outer rotating rods (61). An outer synchronous gear (63) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of each of the two outer rotating rods (61). An inner synchronous gear (64) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of each of the two inner rotating rods (54). The two inner synchronous gears (64) are respectively connected to the two outer rotating rods (54) via elastic synchronous tracks (65). An external synchronous gear (63) meshes and drives the transmission. The elastic synchronous track (65) fits against the lower end face of the guide ring (52). A miniature vision sensor (66) is fixedly installed on the lower part of the inner wall of the feeding pipe (51). The miniature vision sensor (66) is used to monitor in real time whether seeds are falling below the two elastic synchronous tracks (65). A PLC controller (67) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the fan housing (1). The PLC controller (67), the miniature vision sensor (66), and the two electric push rods (56) are electrically connected to an external power supply. The upper part of the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe (51) is fixedly connected to a multi-directional vibration feeding assembly (9).

2. The hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The precision speed regulating component (7) includes a lower pipe (71) fixedly connected to the top of the oil inlet pipe (3). A connecting frame (72) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the lower pipe (71). An upper pipe (73) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame (72). Sealed bearings (74) are fixedly connected to the outer peripheral walls of both the upper pipe (73) and the lower pipe (71). Speed ​​regulating pipes (75) are fixedly connected to the outer rings of the two sealed bearings (74). A rotary valve plate (76) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the speed regulating pipe (75). A fixed valve plate (77) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper pipe (73). Several flow holes (78) are opened on both the fixed valve plate (77) and the rotary valve plate (76).

3. The hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: The hydraulic pump (10), oil tank (11), oil outlet pipe (12), air inlet pipe (13) and impeller (14) are respectively fixedly connected at both ends of the oil outlet pipe (12) to the oil return port of the hydraulic motor (2) and the oil tank (11). The hydraulic pump (10) is connected to the upper through pipe (73) and the hydraulic pump (10) is connected to the oil tank (11) through a high-pressure hose (15). The air inlet pipe (13) is fixedly connected to the axial side wall of the fan housing (1). The impeller (14) is rotatably installed on the axial inner wall of the fan housing (1). The wheel shaft of the impeller (14) is coaxially connected to the output end of the hydraulic motor (2) through a coupling.

4. The hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder according to claim 2, characterized in that, The speed regulating transmission component (8) includes a lifting frame (81) fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the telescopic end of one of the electric push rods (56). The top of the lifting frame (81) is provided with an oblique slide groove (82). The outer wall of the connecting frame (72) is fixedly connected to a support frame (83). The outer wall of the support frame (83) is fixedly connected to several rectangular limiting rings (84). The inner side of the several rectangular limiting rings (84) is slidably connected to a stop plate (85). The end of the stop plate (85) near the lifting frame (81) is inclined and slides in contact with the top of the lifting frame (81) through the oblique slide groove (82). The outer wall of the stop plate (85) is fixedly connected to a fine toothed plate (86). The outer peripheral wall of the speed regulating pipe (75) is fixedly connected to a fine toothed ring (87). The fine toothed ring (87) meshes with the fine toothed plate (86) for transmission.

5. The hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support frame (83) has a strip-shaped sliding hole (16), and a T-shaped rod (17) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the abutment plate (85). The T-shaped rod (17) slides with the support frame (83) through the strip-shaped sliding hole (16), and a compression spring (18) is fixedly connected between the T-shaped rod (17) and the support frame (83).

6. The hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-directional vibration feeding assembly (9) includes a connecting frame (91) fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the feeding pipe (51). A feeding pipe (92) is fixedly connected to the top of the connecting frame (91). Limiting rings (93) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the feeding pipe (92) and the feeding pipe (51) near the connecting frame (91). A connecting pipe (94) is rotatably connected between the two limiting rings (93). A limiting plate (95) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting pipe (94). An eccentric hole (95) is provided on the limiting plate (95). 6) A feed hopper (97) is slidably connected to the eccentric hole (96). A number of combing columns (98) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed hopper (97). A number of abutting rollers (99) are fixedly connected to the upper position of the outer peripheral wall of the feed hopper (97). An annular corrugated plate (910) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the feed pipe (92). A number of abutting rollers (99) are in contact with the upper end face of the annular corrugated plate (910) and roll in cooperation. An adaptive vibration adjustment component (19) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the discharge pipe (51).

7. A hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that, The multi-directional vibration feeding assembly (9) also includes a variable frequency motor (911) fixedly installed on the lower end face of the connecting frame (91). The output end of the variable frequency motor (911) passes through the bottom end of the connecting frame (91) and is fixedly connected to a drive gear (912). A transmission gear ring (913) is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the adapter pipe (94). The transmission gear ring (913) meshes with the drive gear (912) for transmission.

8. The hydraulically driven blower for a precisely speed-adjustable air-blowing no-till seeder according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adaptive vibration adjustment component (19) includes a variable resistance rod (191) fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the feed tube (51). Two slide plates (192) are slidably connected to the outer peripheral wall of the variable resistance rod (191). Guide rods (193) are rotatably connected to the ends of the two inner rotating rods (54). The ends of the two guide rods (193) are fixedly connected to the two slide plates (192) respectively. The variable resistor rod (191) and the two sliders (192) form a sliding rheostat. The sliding rheostat, the variable frequency motor (911) and the external power supply are electrically connected. During the process of the two sliders (192) sliding in opposite directions, the resistance value of the sliding rheostat in the closed circuit formed by the variable resistor rod (191), the two sliders (192), the variable frequency motor (911) and the external power supply increases.

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