Automatic distance adjusting laser cutting device

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device. The automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device comprises a placing platform, a rotary driving mechanism, a laser cutting part and a multi-dimensional driving mechanism, a placing area for bearing a to-be-cut workpiece is formed at the top of the placing platform; the rotation driving mechanism is in transmission connection with the placing platform and used for driving the placing platform to rotate around the central axis; the laser cutting piece is arranged on one side of the containing platform, and the laser emitting end of the laser cutting piece faces the containing area and is used for conducting laser cutting on the to-be-cut workpiece located on the containing area. The multi-dimensional driving mechanism is connected with the laser cutting piece and used for driving the laser cutting piece to move in a multi-dimensional mode in the space so as to adjust the cutting position. According to the laser cutting device, multi-dimensional relative movement adjustment between the to-be-cut workpiece and the laser cutting piece can be achieved, the problem that a traditional laser cutting device cannot conduct automatic distance adjusting cutting on the special-shaped curved surface workpiece due to the fact that the freedom degree of movement is limited is effectively solved, and the flexibility and adaptability of cutting operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of laser cutting technology, and more specifically to an automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting equipment is a highly efficient and precise cutting device. Traditional laser cutting machines have a fixed cutting head height, suitable for flat materials with uniform thickness. Automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting machines, through real-time closed-loop control, optimize laser process parameters, resolve the error between the model and reality, and adopt a flexible cutting method to improve cutting efficiency and quality. This is one of the indispensable core functions of modern intelligent laser equipment.

[0003] For example, patent CN119952303B discloses a laser cutting control method and cutting machine for bulletproof plates. It specifically includes a device body, a laser head, detectors, a drive mechanism, and a controller. Multiple detectors are arranged in a circumferential array on the side of the laser head, forming a detection area around the laser head and detecting the coordinates of multiple bulletproof plate surfaces along the cutting path. The controller can preset a fitting curve for the bulletproof plate surface based on the detector coordinates. The controller can also preset the cutting path of the laser head based on the fitting curve and control the movement of the drive mechanism and the rotation of the laser head according to the cutting path. This solution improves cutting accuracy and effect by using multi-point detection around the laser head to fit the cutting tangent, adjusting the laser head's cutting posture in real time, and regulating the laser incident angle and cutting distance.

[0004] However, the existing solutions described above use a laser head to perform three-axis motion while the sheet material is fixed on a platform to carry out the cutting operation. This method can only cut one side of the model. For spatial shells with irregular curved surfaces, the limited degrees of freedom of movement prevent the achievement of automatic distance adjustment cutting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose an automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device to solve the technical problem that existing laser cutting devices cannot achieve automatic distance-adjusting cutting of spatial shells with irregular curved surfaces due to the limited freedom of motion.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides an automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device, including a placement platform, a rotary drive mechanism, a laser cutting component, and a multi-dimensional drive mechanism. The top of the placement platform forms a placement area for supporting the workpiece to be cut. The rotary drive mechanism is connected to the placement platform and drives the placement platform to rotate around its central axis. The laser cutting component is disposed on one side of the placement platform, with its laser emitting end facing the placement area, and is used to perform laser cutting on the workpiece located in the placement area. The multi-dimensional drive mechanism is connected to the laser cutting component and drives the laser cutting component to move in multiple dimensions within space to adjust the cutting position.

[0007] In some embodiments, the rotary drive mechanism includes a rotary drive component, a circular guide rail, and a plurality of rolling connectors; the rotary drive component is disposed below the placement platform, and its rotary drive end is coaxially connected to the placement platform; the circular guide rail is coaxially disposed at the bottom of the placement platform, and its inner and / or outer sides are provided with rolling grooves; the plurality of rolling connectors are evenly distributed at the bottom edge of the placement platform, and their rolling portions are partially embedded in the rolling grooves and roll in cooperation with the rolling grooves.

[0008] In some embodiments, the rolling connector includes a platform support block and at least two guide wheels; the platform support block is fixed to the bottom edge of the placement platform; at least two guide wheels are mounted on the platform support block and distributed circumferentially along a circular guide rail, and the wheel surfaces of at least two guide wheels roll against the groove walls of the rolling grooves on the inner and / or outer sides of the circular guide rail.

[0009] In some embodiments, the multi-dimensional driving mechanism includes a first driving component and a second driving component; the first driving component is disposed along a first direction, and its driving end is connected to the laser cutting component, for driving the laser cutting component to move along the first direction to adjust the distance between the laser cutting component and the placement platform; the second driving component is disposed along a second direction, and its driving end is connected to the first driving component, for driving the laser cutting component to move along the second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the tangential direction of the placement platform.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first driving component includes a first driving member and a first connecting member; the first driving member is disposed on one side of the placement platform, and the output direction of its driving end is set along the first direction; one end of the first connecting member is connected to the driving end of the first driving member, and the other end extends upward along the first direction toward the placement platform and is connected to the laser cutting part.

[0011] In some embodiments, the drive end stroke length of the first drive member is greater than or equal to the extension length of the first connector along the first direction; the first connector is a variable cross-section member whose cross-sectional area gradually decreases from near the placement platform to away from the placement platform.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second driving component includes a second driving member and a guide member; the second driving member is disposed at one bottom end of the first driving component along a second direction, and its driving end is connected to the first driving component to provide a driving force for the first driving member to move along the second direction; the guide member is disposed parallel to the second driving member, and its guiding portion is slidably engaged with the other bottom end of the first driving component.

[0013] In some embodiments, the automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device further includes a distance measuring element, which is disposed beside the cutting end of the laser cutting element and installed on the driving end of the multi-dimensional driving mechanism, for detecting the distance between the laser cutting element and the surface of the workpiece to be cut.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least three ranging elements are provided, and the at least three ranging elements surround the laser-cut part and are arranged at the same height, and the ranging beams of each ranging element are directed at the processing focal point of the laser-cut part at different spatial angles.

[0015] In some embodiments, the automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device further includes a height adjustment mechanism connected to the placement platform or the laser cutting component, for driving the placement platform or the laser cutting component to move in the vertical direction.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device provided by this invention, through the setting of a placement platform, a rotary drive mechanism, a laser cutting component, and a multi-dimensional drive mechanism, enables the placement platform to rotate, allowing the workpiece to be cut to rotate around its central axis. Combined with the multi-dimensional drive mechanism, the laser cutting component moves in multiple dimensions within space, enabling cutting operations on the workpiece from different angles and positions. This achieves multi-dimensional relative motion adjustment between the workpiece and the laser cutting component. For spatial shell-like workpieces with irregular curved surfaces, when the placement platform rotates the workpiece, the laser cutting component, under the action of the multi-dimensional drive mechanism, can adjust the cutting position and angle in real time according to the surface curvature changes of the workpiece, ensuring that the laser cutting head always maintains a suitable cutting distance from the workpiece surface. This effectively solves the problem that traditional laser cutting devices, due to limited freedom of motion, cannot automatically adjust the distance for cutting irregularly curved workpieces, enabling precise cutting of spatial irregular curved surfaces and improving the flexibility and adaptability of cutting operations. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the placement platform and rotary drive mechanism of the automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first driving component of the automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Placement platform; 2. Rotary drive mechanism; 21. Rotary drive component; 22. Circular guide rail; 221. Rolling groove; 23. Rolling connector; 231. Platform support block; 232. Guide wheel; 24. Platform support rod; 3. Laser-cut component; 4. Multi-dimensional drive mechanism; 41. First drive assembly; 411. First drive component; 412. First connector; 413. Support plate; 414. Slider support component; 415. Sliding block; 42. Second drive assembly; 421. Second drive component; 422. Guide component; 5. Distance measuring component. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0020] To address the technical problem that laser cutting devices, due to their limited degrees of freedom of motion, cannot automatically adjust the distance for cutting spatial shells with irregular curved surfaces, this invention provides an automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device. This device enables multi-dimensional relative motion adjustment between the workpiece to be cut and the laser-cut part, effectively solving the problem that traditional laser cutting devices, due to their limited degrees of freedom of motion, cannot automatically adjust the distance for cutting workpieces with irregular curved surfaces, thus improving the flexibility and adaptability of the cutting operation.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 The automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device includes a placement platform 1, a rotary drive mechanism 2, a laser cutting component 3, and a multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4. The top of the placement platform 1 forms a placement area for supporting the workpiece to be cut. The rotary drive mechanism 2 is connected to the placement platform 1 and is used to drive the placement platform 1 to rotate around its own central axis. The laser cutting component 3 is located on one side of the placement platform 1, with its laser emitting end facing the placement area, and is used to perform laser cutting on the workpiece to be cut located in the placement area. The multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4 is connected to the laser cutting component 3 and is used to drive the laser cutting component 3 to move in multiple dimensions in space to adjust the cutting position.

[0022] In this device, the top of the placement platform 1 forms a placement area where the workpiece to be cut can be placed directly. The rotation drive mechanism 2 is connected to the placement platform 1 and can drive the placement platform 1 to rotate, allowing the workpiece to be cut to rotate around its own central axis. This enables flexible adjustment of the circumferential position of the workpiece during the cutting process. The laser cutting part 3 is connected to the multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4 and can move in multiple dimensions in space under the drive of the multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4, allowing the laser cutting part 3 to adapt to different cutting surface requirements of the workpiece during rotation. When the workpiece to be cut rotates to a specific angle with the placement platform 1, the multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4 can quickly adjust the posture of the laser cutting part 3 to ensure that the laser beam always acts on the workpiece surface along a preset trajectory, thereby achieving continuous and efficient cutting operations on complex curved surfaces or ring-shaped workpieces, effectively improving the flexibility and processing accuracy of the cutting process.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 To achieve stable adjustment of the circumferential position of the workpiece to be cut, in some possible embodiments, the rotary drive mechanism 2 consists of a rotary drive component 21, a circular guide rail 22, and several rolling connectors 23. The rotary drive component 21 is located below the placement platform 1, and its rotary drive end is coaxially connected to the placement platform 1, enabling it to drive the placement platform 1 and the workpiece placed on it to rotate, thus achieving active control of the workpiece's circumferential angle. The circular guide rail 22 is arranged in a ring around the central axis of the placement platform 1 and is located at the bottom of the placement platform 1, with rolling grooves 221 formed on its inner and / or outer sides. Several rolling connectors 23 are evenly distributed on the bottom edge of the placement platform 1, forming rolling portions at their bottoms. These rolling portions partially embed into the rolling grooves 221 and can roll along the rolling grooves 221. When the rotary drive component 21 drives the placement platform 1 to rotate, the rolling connectors 23 roll synchronously at the rolling grooves 221 of the circular guide rail 22, providing uniform circumferential support for the placement platform 1, effectively distributing the weight of the placement platform 1 and the workpiece, and avoiding rotational skew caused by single-point force.

[0024] In one possible embodiment, each rolling connector 23 includes a platform support block 231 and four guide wheels 232. Annular rolling grooves 221 are formed on both the inner and outer sides of the circular guide rail 22. The platform support block 231 is fixed to the edge of the bottom of the platform 1. Each platform support block 231 is equipped with four guide wheels 232, each corresponding to a rolling groove 221 on the inner or outer side of the circular guide rail 22. Two guide wheels 232 are partially embedded in the inner rolling groove 221 of the circular guide rail 22, and the other two guide wheels 232 are partially embedded in the outer rolling groove 221 of the circular guide rail 22, with the wheel surface of the guide wheels 232 fitting against the groove wall of the rolling groove 221. Through the synergistic effect of the inner and outer guide wheels 232, the platform 1 is radially limited by the circular guide rail 22 during rotation, preventing horizontal displacement of the platform 1 and thus achieving smooth rotational movement and improving rotational accuracy.

[0025] Preferably, in this embodiment, the rotary drive component 21 is a servo motor, which has high-precision speed control and position feedback functions. It can accurately adjust the rotation angle and speed according to the pulse signals issued by the control system, ensuring that the placement platform 1 maintains a stable speed and precise positioning when driving the workpiece to rotate. To achieve stable installation of the servo motor and the placement platform 1, four parallel platform support rods 24 are also provided at the bottom of the placement platform 1. The servo motor is mounted on the two middle platform support rods 24, and the circular guide rail 22 is located outside the servo motor, with its two sides fixedly connected to the two outer platform support rods 24. The four platform support rods 24 jointly bear the weight of the placement platform 1 and the workpiece above it. The middle support rod provides a stable mounting reference for the servo motor, while the outer support rods are rigidly connected to the circular guide rail 22, further enhancing the stability of the entire rotary support structure.

[0026] In other possible embodiments, the number of guide wheels 232 is not limited and can be adjusted according to the actual load and accuracy requirements. For example, three or six guide wheels 232 can be set, as long as the stability and radial limiting requirements of the placement platform 1 during rotation are met. The rotary drive mechanism 2 can also adopt other structural forms. For example, the circular guide rail 22 has a single-sided annular rolling groove 221 on the inner or outer side. In this case, the rolling connector 23 can only cooperate with the rolling groove 221 on one side of the guide wheel 232 to achieve rotational guidance of the placement platform 1 through limiting in a single direction. Alternatively, the rotary drive 21 can also adopt a combination structure of a stepper motor and a reducer. In addition, the rolling connector 23 can also be replaced by a ball bearing structure, with the inner ring of the bearing fixed to the bottom of the placement platform 1 and the outer ring embedded in the rolling groove 221 of the circular guide rail 22, replacing the rolling contact of the guide wheel 232 with the rolling friction of the bearing.

[0027] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 To achieve precise control over the multi-dimensional movement of the laser-cut part 3 in space, in some possible embodiments, the multi-dimensional driving mechanism 4 includes a first driving component 41 and a second driving component 42. The first driving component 41 is arranged along a first direction, and its driving end is connected to the laser-cut part 3, used to drive the laser-cut part 3 to move along the first direction. Through the linear drive of the first driving component 41, the distance between the laser-cut part 3 and the placement platform 1 can be adjusted. The second driving component 42 is arranged along a second direction, and its driving end is connected to the first driving component 41, used to drive the laser-cut part 3 to move along the second direction. The second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the tangential direction of the placement platform 1. Through the linear drive of the second driving component 42, the laser-cut part 3 can be driven to translate along the tangential direction in a plane perpendicular to the first direction, achieving cutting coverage of different radial positions around the workpiece.

[0028] In one possible embodiment, the first driving assembly 41 includes a first driving member 411 and a first connecting member 412. The first driving member 411 is disposed on one side of the placement platform 1, and the output direction of its driving end is set along a first direction. One end of the first connecting member 412 is connected to the driving end of the first driving member 411, and the other end extends upward along the first direction towards the placement platform 1 and is connected to the laser-cut part. Specifically, the first driving member 411 is a high-precision linear module, which integrates a linear guide rail structure and a ball screw. The ball screw is driven to rotate by a servo motor, which drives the first connecting member 412 to make a smooth linear motion along the linear guide rail. By setting the extension direction of the first connector 412 to be consistent with the driving direction of the first drive member 411, and connecting the end of the first connector 412 away from the placement platform 1 to the driving end of the first drive member 411, while connecting the end of the first connector 412 close to the placement platform 1 to the laser cutting member 3, the first connector 412 can extend a longer distance carrying the laser cutting member 3. This ensures that the laser emitting end of the laser cutting member 3 can accurately cover workpieces of different sizes within the placement area. For different sized cutting objects, the radial movement required by the first drive assembly 41 varies. For small-sized cutting objects, this design allows the laser cutting member 3 to extend a longer distance to ensure that the laser beam can accurately act on the area of ​​the workpiece to be cut.

[0029] Furthermore, in some possible embodiments, the stroke length of the driving end of the first driving member 411 is greater than or equal to the extension length of the first connecting member 412 along the first direction. That is, the total length of the groove in the linear guide structure of the first driving member 411 is not less than the dimension of the first connecting member 412 in the first direction. When the first driving member 411 drives the first connecting member 412 to move towards the placement platform 1 to its maximum stroke, the end of the first connecting member 412 near the placement platform 1 can extend completely above the center position of the placement area, ensuring that the cutting range of the laser cutting part 3 can cover the workpiece at any radial position within the placement area. When the first driving member 411 drives the first connecting member 412 to move away from the placement platform 1, the laser cutting part 3 can be retracted to the outside of the placement platform 1 and completely housed within the guide structure range of the first driving member 411, providing sufficient operating space for the picking and placing of the workpiece to be cut and avoiding interference with the workpiece. The first drive assembly 41 also includes a support plate 413, a slider support 414, and a sliding block 415. A linear guide rail structure is mounted on the support plate 413, which is mounted on the drive end of the second drive assembly 42. The support plate 413 serves as the mounting platform for the entire first drive assembly 41. The slider support rod is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the support plate 413 near the placement platform 1. One end of the sliding block 415 is slidably connected to the groove on the side of the first connector 412, and the other end is fixedly connected to the top side of the slider support 414. When the first connector 412 moves along the first direction under the drive of the first drive assembly 411, the sliding block 415 can slide synchronously along the groove on the side of the first connector 412. At the same time, the slider support 414 provides vertical support for the sliding block 415, preventing the first connector 412 from sagging due to its large cantilever length, thereby ensuring the stability and cutting accuracy of the laser-cut part 3 during movement.

[0030] Furthermore, to ensure the stability of the laser-cut part 3 when extended over a long distance, in some possible embodiments, the first connecting member 412 is configured as a wedge-shaped structure, with its cross-sectional area gradually decreasing from near to far from the placement platform 1. Its thicker end connects to the linear guide rail of the first driving member 411 and is slidably connected to the linear guide rail, while its thinner end is fixedly connected to the laser-cut part 3. This structural design effectively reduces the risk of deformation of the first connecting member 412 when bearing the laser-cut part 3 by increasing the structural strength near the driving end, ensuring that the laser-cut part 3 maintains a stable cutting posture even during long-distance operation.

[0031] In one possible embodiment, the second driving assembly 42 includes a second driving member 421 and a guide member 422. The second driving member 421 also adopts a high-precision linear module, and its driving direction is set at one end of the bottom of the first driving assembly 41 along the second direction. The driving end is connected to the first driving assembly 41, which can drive the first driving assembly 41 to translate along the second direction, thereby realizing the position adjustment of the laser-cut part 3 in the tangential direction. The guide member 422 is set parallel to the second driving member 421 and adopts a combination structure of slide rail and slider. The slide rail is fixed on the mounting base, and the slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the first driving assembly 41. When the second driving member 421 drives the first driving assembly 41 to move, the slider slides synchronously along the slide rail. The guide member 422 and the second driving member 421 are respectively located at the bottom ends of the first driving member 411, forming a symmetrically distributed support structure, which can provide bidirectional stable guidance for the radial movement of the laser-cut part 3.

[0032] Of course, in other possible embodiments, the specific structural forms of the first driving component 41 and the second driving component 42 are not limited to these. For example, the first driving component 41 can adopt a gear and rack transmission structure instead of a ball screw structure, and drive the gear to rotate through a servo motor, thereby moving the first connecting member 412 fixed to the rack along the guide rail. The second driving component 42 can also adopt a synchronous belt transmission structure, and drive the synchronous pulley to rotate through a motor, thereby translating the first driving component 41 fixed to the synchronous belt along the guide rail. The first connecting member 412 can also be designed as a truss or cantilever structure according to actual load requirements. The multi-dimensional driving mechanism 4 can also adopt a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system driving structure or a robotic arm structure, and realize the three-dimensional positioning of the laser-cut part 3 in space through the combination of linear motion in the three directions of X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis; or adopt a parallel robot structure, and use the coordinated motion of multiple driving arms to drive the laser-cut part 3 to complete complex spatial trajectory motion, further improving the adaptability of the device to complex curved workpieces.

[0033] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 3 To improve cutting accuracy, in some possible embodiments, the automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device also includes a distance measuring element 5. The distance measuring element 5 is located beside the cutting end of the laser cutting part 3 and installed on the driving end of the multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4. Its detection direction is consistent with the laser emission direction of the laser cutting part 3, enabling real-time monitoring of the distance data between the laser cutting part and the workpiece surface during the cutting process, and feeding the data back to the control system. The control system adjusts the motion parameters of the multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4 in real time based on the distance information fed back by the distance measuring element 5. When the distance changes due to workpiece rotation or surface unevenness, the multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4 can quickly drive the laser cutting part 3 to perform micro-position compensation, ensuring that the laser focus is always accurately focused on the preset cutting layer on the workpiece surface.

[0034] Preferably, in this embodiment, the laser cutting component 3 uses a fiber laser cutting head, a CO2 laser cutting head, or a solid-state laser cutting head. The ranging component 5 uses a non-contact rangefinder, such as a laser displacement sensor or an infrared ranging sensor.

[0035] In some embodiments, three ranging sensors are arranged, surrounding the laser cutting head and positioned at the same height. The ranging beams of each sensor point at different spatial angles toward the processing focal point of the laser cutting head, thus forming a spatial intersection measurement. This ensures that when measuring curved workpieces, the measurement reference points of all three sensors are located at the laser processing point. For irregularly shaped curved surfaces, the ranging effect of a certain direction of the sensor may be obstructed. The design of three ranging sensors ensures the reliability of the ranging measurement. Although the three measuring points coincide, the measured results will differ due to variations in the normal vector of the curved surface. This invention uses an averaging data processing procedure to transmit the data results from the ranging sensors to the controller in real time, controlling the radial motion device to adjust the radial distance in real time. This ensures that the laser head focal point is on the surface of the cutting model, increasing cutting accuracy and effect.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the configuration of the distance measuring element 5 is not limited to three distance measuring sensors. In practical applications, it can be flexibly adjusted according to the complexity of the curved surface, size range, and measurement accuracy requirements of the workpiece to be cut. For example, for large workpieces with gentle curvature changes, the number of distance measuring sensors can be appropriately reduced to lower system costs; while for precision parts with multiple curvature abrupt changes, the number of distance measuring sensors can be increased and their spatial distribution angle optimized to ensure that at least two distance measuring sensors can stably capture the distance information of the workpiece surface during workpiece rotation and laser cutting part 3 movement. The accuracy and reliability of distance detection are further improved through the fusion calculation of multiple sets of data.

[0037] In some possible embodiments, the automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device also includes a height adjustment mechanism. In a preferred embodiment, the height adjustment mechanism adopts a lead screw lifting structure, and the height adjustment mechanism is driven by a servo motor to rotate the ball screw. The height adjustment mechanism is installed below the placement platform 1, and the drive end is connected to four platform support rods 24, which can drive the platform support rods 24 to rise and fall in the vertical direction, thereby adjusting the overall height of the placement platform 1. This solution uses the radial and lateral axis movement of the laser head, as well as the up-down and rotational movement of the platform, to achieve precise cutting of spatial irregular curved surfaces.

[0038] In other possible embodiments, to further improve cutting accuracy, the placement platform 1 can also be equipped with a clamping mechanism or a vacuum adsorption device for fixing the workpiece to be cut. The clamping mechanism can adopt a pneumatic gripper or an electric chuck, which is driven by a control system to move the gripper radially to clamp and fix workpieces of different sizes; the vacuum adsorption device is provided with several adsorption holes inside the placement platform 1, and a negative pressure is formed by connecting a vacuum pump to firmly adsorb the bottom surface of the workpiece into the placement area, which is especially suitable for thin plates or workpieces with smooth surfaces, avoiding workpiece deformation caused by excessive clamping force. By setting up a clamping mechanism or a vacuum adsorption device, the workpiece can be stably placed and fixed, preventing displacement or shaking of the workpiece during rotation and cutting, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the cutting trajectory.

[0039] To better understand this invention, the following is combined with... Figures 1 to 3 The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below: Before laser cutting, the workpiece to be cut is placed in the placement area of ​​the placement platform 1. According to the preset cutting program, the control system drives the height adjustment mechanism to raise and lower the platform support rod 24 vertically via a screw lifting structure, adjusting the placement platform 1 to a suitable initial cutting height. Next, the multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4 begins operation. The second drive component 42 drives the first drive component 41 to translate along a direction parallel to the tangent of the placement platform 1 via a high-precision linear module or synchronous belt drive structure. Simultaneously, the servo motor of the first drive component 41 drives the ball screw to rotate, causing the first connecting piece 412 to move along a linear guide rail, adjusting the distance between the laser cutting head and the workpiece, ensuring the laser emitting end of the laser cutting head is precisely positioned at the workpiece's cutting area. During this process, the distance measuring device 5 monitors the distance between the laser cutting head and the workpiece surface in real time. Three distance measuring sensors, arranged around the laser cutting head at different spatial angles, perform spatial intersection measurements, feeding the distance data back to the control system.

[0040] When a spatial curved surface with local protrusions or depressions on the workpiece surface obstructs a distance measuring sensor, the other sensors can still provide normal data feedback, preventing measurement interruption due to the failure of a single sensor. After receiving multiple sets of distance measurement data, the control system performs data fusion processing through built-in algorithms, such as weighted averaging or Kalman filtering, to eliminate outliers and calculate the actual distance deviation between the laser cutting head and the workpiece surface. It then sends an adjustment command to the multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4. If the deviation exceeds a preset threshold, the first drive component 41 and the second drive component 42 will work together to drive the laser cutting head to perform micro-displacement compensation in the first and second directions, ensuring that the laser focus always falls on the preset cutting path. Furthermore, during workpiece rotation, the detection frequency of the distance measuring element 5 is synchronized with the rotation speed of the servo motor, completing a distance detection and feedback every certain rotation angle, forming a dynamic closed-loop control.

[0041] During the cutting process, as the rotary drive component 21 drives the placement platform 1 to rotate, the bottom guide wheel 232 rolls synchronously within the rolling groove 221 of the circular guide rail 22, providing uniform support and radial limiting for the placement platform 1. If it is necessary to switch the cutting trajectory to different radial positions of the workpiece circumference, the first drive component 41 adjusts the extension length of the first connecting component 412 to achieve radial movement of the laser-cut workpiece 3, while the second drive component 42 synchronously adjusts its tangential direction position. In conjunction with the continuous rotation of the placement platform 1, continuous and precise cutting of spatial irregular curved surface workpieces is completed.

[0042] The automatic distance-adjusting laser cutting device provided by this invention comprises a placement platform 1, a rotary drive mechanism 2, a laser cutting component 3, and a multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4. The rotary drive mechanism 2 drives the placement platform 1 to rotate, allowing the workpiece to be cut to rotate around its central axis. The multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4, in conjunction with the placement platform 1, drives the laser cutting component 3 to move in multiple dimensions within space, enabling cutting operations on the workpiece from different angles and positions. This achieves multi-dimensional relative motion adjustment between the workpiece and the laser cutting component 3. For spatial shell-like workpieces with irregular curved surfaces, when the placement platform 1 drives the workpiece to rotate, the laser cutting component 3, under the action of the multi-dimensional drive mechanism 4, can adjust its cutting position and angle in real time according to the surface curvature changes of the workpiece. This ensures that the laser cutting head always maintains a suitable cutting distance from the workpiece surface, effectively solving the problem that traditional laser cutting devices cannot automatically adjust the distance for cutting irregularly curved workpieces due to limited freedom of motion. This enables precise cutting of spatially irregular curved surfaces, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the cutting operation.

[0043] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper" and "lower," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] It should be noted that in this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0045] The specific embodiments of the present invention described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made in accordance with the technical concept of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic distance adjusting laser cutting device, characterized by, The utility model relates to a laser cutting device, including: a placing platform, the top of which forms a placing area for carrying a workpiece to be cut; a rotating drive mechanism in driving connection with the placing platform, used to drive the placing platform to rotate around its central axis; a laser cutting part provided on one side of the placing platform, with a laser emission end facing the placing area, used to perform laser cutting on the workpiece to be cut located on the placing area; and a multi-dimensional drive mechanism connected with the laser cutting part, used to drive the laser cutting part to move in multiple dimensions in space to adjust the cutting position. The rotating drive mechanism includes a rotating drive part, a circular guide rail, and a plurality of rolling connecting parts.

2. The automatic distance adjusting laser cutting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating drive part is arranged below the placing platform, with a rotating drive end coaxially connected with the placing platform. The circular guide rail is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the placing platform, with a rolling groove formed in the inner side and / or outer side thereof. The plurality of rolling connecting parts are uniformly distributed at the bottom edge of the placing platform, with rolling parts partially embedded in the rolling groove to rollingly engage with the rolling groove. The rolling connecting part includes a platform support block and at least two guide wheels.

3. The automatic distance adjusting laser cutting device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The platform support block is fixed to the bottom edge of the placing platform. The at least two guide wheels are mounted on the platform support block and distributed along the circumference of the circular guide rail, with the wheel surface of the at least two guide wheels rollingly engaged with the groove wall of the rolling groove in the inner side and / or outer side of the circular guide rail. The multi-dimensional drive mechanism includes a first drive assembly and a second drive assembly.

4. The automatic distance adjusting laser cutting device according to claim 1, wherein, The first drive assembly is arranged in a first direction, with a drive end connected with the laser cutting part, used to drive the laser cutting part to move in the first direction to adjust the distance between the laser cutting part and the placing platform. The second drive assembly is arranged in a second direction, with a drive end connected with the first drive assembly, used to drive the laser cutting part to move in the second direction; the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction and parallel to the tangent direction of the placing platform. The first drive assembly includes a first drive part and a first connecting part.

5. The automatic distance adjusting laser cutting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first drive part is arranged on one side of the placing platform, with an output direction of a drive end arranged in the first direction. One end of the first connecting part is connected with the drive end of the first drive part, and the other end extends above the placing platform in the first direction and is connected with the laser cutting part. The stroke length of the drive end of the first drive part is greater than or equal to the extension length of the first connecting part in the first direction; the first connecting part is a variable cross-section member with a cross-sectional area gradually decreasing from close to the placing platform to far away from the placing platform.

6. The auto-indexing laser cutting apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The second drive assembly includes a second drive part and a guide part.

7. The automatic distance adjusting laser cutting device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second drive part is arranged in the second direction at one end of the bottom of the first drive assembly, with a drive end connected with the first drive assembly, used to provide a driving force for the movement of the first drive part in the second direction. The guide part is arranged in parallel with the second drive part, with a guide part slidingly engaged with the other end of the bottom of the first drive assembly. ​ 8. The automatic kerf adjusting laser cutting device of claim 1, wherein, The laser cutting device further comprises a distance measuring device arranged beside the cutting end of the laser cutting device and connected to the driving end of the multi-dimensional driving mechanism, and used for detecting the distance between the laser cutting device and the surface of the workpiece to be cut.

9. The auto-indexing laser cutting apparatus of claim 8, wherein, The distance measuring device is provided with at least three distance measuring devices, which are arranged at the same height around the laser cutting device, and the distance measuring beams of each distance measuring device are directed to the machining focal point of the laser cutting device at different spatial angles.

10. The automatic distance adjusting laser cutting device according to claim 1, wherein, The laser cutting device further comprises a height adjusting mechanism connected to the placing platform or the laser cutting device, and used for driving the placing platform or the laser cutting device to move in the vertical direction.

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