Moving bed river model terrain fine trimming forming device

Abstract

The invention discloses a moving bed river model terrain fine trimming forming device which comprises a left high-precision track and a right high-precision track which are parallel and laid on a leveled model sand field, and the length direction of the left high-precision track and the length direction of the right high-precision track are the front-back direction. And the left high-precision track and the right high-precision track are provided with a three-dimensional rotary-cutting compaction system capable of moving in the front-back direction, the left-right direction and the vertical direction. The terrain making automation of the moving bed river model can be realized through the control system, the terrain making process can be effectively simplified, and the efficiency is improved; based on the equipment, according to the three-dimensional digital elevation information, the elevation precision of terrain making is controlled through automatic equipment, high-precision making of the terrain can be achieved within the whole range of the model, and the precision of terrain making of the moving bed river model is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, specifically relating to a device for refining and shaping the terrain of a moving bed river engineering model. Background Technology

[0002] Dynamic river engineering models are core tools for studying the dynamic evolution of sediment-laden rivers, especially in simulating the interaction between water flow and riverbed, sediment transport, and riverbed morphology adjustment.

[0003] Currently, the creation of movable-bed river engineering models in the laboratory mainly relies on manual labor. This involves steps such as carving river channels and trenches, dividing cross-sections, creating cross-section panels based on elevation information, burying the panels according to the elevation information, refining the terrain, and calibrating the terrain information. The entire process is cumbersome and time-consuming. Currently, the accuracy control of movable-bed model terrain creation in the laboratory is mainly achieved by ensuring the elevation of each cross-section line during sand laying. Therefore, the terrain created manually can only guarantee the accuracy at each cross-section, not the accuracy between cross-sections. Therefore, there is an urgent need to refine the initially created movable-bed river engineering models to ensure the final quality and accuracy of the terrain. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a moving bed river engineering model terrain finishing and shaping device that uses a mechanized rotary cutting and compaction method to improve the efficiency and accuracy of moving bed model terrain production.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a moving bed river engineering model terrain fine-tuning and shaping device, including two parallel left high-precision tracks and right high-precision tracks laid on a leveled model sand field. The length direction of the left high-precision track and the right high-precision track is the front-back direction. A three-dimensional rotary cutting and compaction system that can move along the front-back, left-right and vertical directions is set on the left high-precision track and the right high-precision track.

[0006] Both the left and right high-precision tracks include steel rails arranged in the front-to-back direction and two longitudinal slide rails. The bottom of the steel rails is equipped with embedded support components. The two longitudinal slide rails are spaced apart on the left and right sides, and their bottoms are fixed to the top surface of the steel rails by supports. The cross-section of the two longitudinal slide rails is circular. Both ends of the steel rails are equipped with wheel stops. The horizontal height difference and straightness tolerance of each longitudinal slide rail are ≤0.5mm and ≤0.5mm per 100m length. The parallelism tolerance of the four longitudinal slide rails is ≤1mm per 100m length.

[0007] The three-dimensional rotary cutting and compaction system includes a left precision mounting plate and a right precision mounting plate. Both the left and right precision mounting plates have two support blocks at their bottoms. The two support blocks on the left side are located on the two longitudinal slide rails of the left high-precision track, and the two support blocks on the right side are located on the two longitudinal slide rails of the right high-precision track. Each support block has a first rolling limit component at its bottom that is tactilely connected to the adjacent longitudinal slide rail. The first rolling component includes a ball bearing built into the support block and two limit wheels located at the lower end of the support block. The ball bearing is tactilely connected to the upper part of the longitudinal slide rail, and the two limit wheels are located on the left and right sides of the lower part of the longitudinal slide rail, respectively. A crossbeam is provided between the left and right precision repair mounting plates, and a transverse rotation precision repair mechanism is slidably mounted on the crossbeam; a dust negative pressure collection device is provided on the right precision repair mounting plate, and the dust negative pressure collection device is connected to the transverse rotation precision repair mechanism through a dust suction pipe. The left precision mounting plate is equipped with a left travel drive mechanism, and the right precision mounting plate is equipped with a right travel drive mechanism. The left and right travel drive mechanisms have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. Each includes a travel motor, a travel gear, and a travel rack. The travel rack is parallel to the longitudinal slide rail and fixed on the rail. The travel rack is located between the two longitudinal slide rails. The travel motor is vertically arranged, and the travel gear is mounted on the main shaft of the travel motor and meshes with the travel rack.

[0008] The transverse rotation finishing mechanism includes a lifting and rotating finishing device, a finishing mounting base, a finishing transverse drive motor, a finishing transverse rack, and two finishing transverse slide rails. The finishing transverse rack and the two finishing transverse slide rails are arranged horizontally on the crossbeam. The finishing transverse rack is located between the two finishing transverse slide rails. The bottom of the finishing mounting base is provided with two finishing slides, which are respectively located on the two finishing transverse slide rails. The bottom of each finishing slide is provided with a second rolling limit component that is rollingly connected to one finishing transverse slide rail. The finishing transverse drive motor is vertically arranged on the finishing mounting base. The lower end of the main shaft of the finishing transverse drive motor is provided with a finishing transverse gear that meshes with the finishing transverse rack. The lifting and rotating finishing device is located on the finishing mounting base and is located behind the crossbeam.

[0009] The lifting and rotating precision repair device includes a precision repair screw jack, a precision repair motor, and precision repair tools. The precision repair screw jack is vertically mounted on a precision repair mounting base. A lifting frame is located behind the crossbeam on the rear side of the precision repair screw jack. The precision repair motor is mounted on the lifting frame. A vertical steel pipe is rotatably connected to the lifting frame via bearings. The precision repair motor is driven by the vertical steel pipe through a gear mechanism. The precision repair tools are located at the lower end of the vertical steel pipe. An elbow is rotatably connected to the upper end of the vertical steel pipe via bearings.

[0010] The finishing tool includes a rectangular horizontal base plate and two rotary cutting bevel plates. The opposite sides of the horizontal base plate are connected to the lower side of one rotary cutting bevel plate, and the angle between the horizontal base plate and the rotary cutting bevel plate is an obtuse angle. The horizontal base plate is located directly below the lower end of the vertical steel pipe. The outer side of the lower end of the vertical steel pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of the two rotary cutting bevel plates. The upper side of the two rotary cutting bevel plates is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the vertical steel pipe through a connecting plate.

[0011] The dust negative pressure collection device includes a bracket with its bottom mounted on a right precision mounting plate. The bracket has a mounting box, which contains an air compressor, a filter, a negative pressure gas-solid separator, a discharge cylinder, and a discharge pipe. The air compressor is connected to the top of the filter via a first suction pipe. The top of the negative pressure gas-solid separator is connected to the bottom of the filter via a second suction pipe. A dust suction pipe is tangentially connected to the top of the negative pressure gas-solid separator and is connected to an elbow. The bottom of the negative pressure gas-solid separator is connected to the upper port of the discharge cylinder via a first pneumatic valve. The lower port of the discharge cylinder is connected to the upper port of the discharge pipe via a second pneumatic valve.

[0012] Using the above technical solution, the terrain data processing of the moving bed river engineering model is carried out by using surveying methods such as UAV RTK and lidar to obtain the three-dimensional digital elevation information of the river section under study in the model, and then converting it according to the design scale of the model to obtain the three-dimensional digital elevation information for model terrain production input.

[0013] After the initial fabrication of the river channels and troughs in the movable bed river engineering model terrain, the horizontal and vertical accuracy has not yet reached the standard. At this point, this invention is used for fine finishing, mainly including rotary cutting and compaction. During the fine finishing process, a dust negative pressure collection device can promptly remove the model sand cut off during terrain fabrication. The transverse rotational fine finishing mechanism further rotates, cuts, and compacts, while simultaneously sucking up and storing the loose model sand, achieving precise terrain fabrication. The final terrain fabrication error is controlled within 1mm. The left and right high-precision tracks, along with the longitudinal and transverse moving mechanisms, serve as the mounting platform for the movable bed terrain fabrication equipment and the fine finishing equipment. The intelligent electrical equipment control system supplies power to the fine finishing device according to preset instructions and can also achieve intelligent control of different functional modules.

[0014] The left and right high-precision tracks use P50kg / m steel rails. The steel rails are an important carrier for the movement of the moving bed terrain creation equipment and the precision shaping device, and are also an important factor affecting the accuracy of model making. It is necessary to ensure that the rails have high strength, are not easily deformed or settled after laying, and that the equipment can move precisely on the rails.

[0015] The rails are installed on the pre-embedded supports via an adjustment device, arranged longitudinally (front-back direction). The track gauge is selected as 13m based on the width of the simulated river channel. After adjustment, the horizontal height difference within every 100m length of the track is ≤0.5mm, the straightness tolerance is ≤0.5mm, the parallelism tolerance between the two tracks is ≤1mm within every 100m length, the height difference within the total length is ≤0.5mm, the straightness within the total length is ≤0.5mm, and the parallelism between the two tracks is ≤1mm, ensuring stable vertical movement. In addition, the servo motor drive prevents twisting when the large-gauge equipment moves. Stops are installed at both ends of the track to prevent it from running off the track and ensure equipment safety.

[0016] During track splicing, the contact surfaces at both ends of the track are precision machined using a milling machine to ensure a tight connection at the splice points. To ensure track durability and meet the operational requirements of high-precision terrain equipment systems, other track manufacturing requirements refer to the "Standard Gauge Railway Locomotive and Rolling Stock Clearance" (GB146.1). After track laying, it is required to prevent settlement and deformation; therefore, pre-embedded supports made of steel plates must be installed under the steel track at 30cm intervals along the track direction.

[0017] The first and second rolling limit components have the same structure. The balls inside the slide move on the longitudinal slide rail, and the limit wheel prevents the slide from derailing.

[0018] The horizontal rotating finishing mechanism in the finishing molding device also has three-dimensional movement functions, including forward, backward, left, right, and up and down. It uses a finishing screw jack to raise and lower the finishing cutter, while a finishing motor drives the vertical steel pipe to rotate. The vertical steel pipe, in turn, rotates the finishing cutter fixedly connected to its lower end. During rotation, the finishing cutter performs scraping finishing on the river channel and riverbed sidewalls. The finishing screw jack lowers the horizontal base plate of the finishing cutter to further compact the river channel bottom. The finishing cutter is open on both sides, allowing loose sand to be drawn in by the negative pressure at the lower end of the vertical steel pipe, ensuring the finished model is free of loose sand. The vertical steel pipe and the elbow are rotatably connected via bearings and a sealing device, ensuring the elbow remains stationary while the vertical steel pipe rotates, preventing pipe entanglement.

[0019] In summary, this invention achieves precise fabrication of movable bed terrain models by using a precision forming device for movable bed terrain models mounted on a track platform. The movable bed terrain fabrication control system can control the operation of each device, automating the fabrication process. The precision forming device possesses three-dimensional automatic movement capabilities in the horizontal, vertical, and longitudinal directions. In actual operation, each part moves collaboratively along a preset path, achieving efficient leveling, compaction, and grinding of the model. This invention automates the fabrication of movable bed terrain models through a control system, effectively simplifying the fabrication process and improving efficiency. Based on the equipment of this invention, and using three-dimensional digital elevation information, the elevation accuracy of the fabricated terrain can be controlled by automated equipment, enabling high-precision fabrication of the terrain across the entire model range, effectively improving the accuracy of movable bed terrain model fabrication. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of part N in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a medium-dust negative pressure collection device; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the precision cutting tool and vertical steel pipe; Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figures 1-6As shown, the moving bed river engineering model terrain refinement and shaping device includes two parallel left high-precision tracks 2 and right high-precision tracks 3 laid on the leveled model sand field 1. The length direction of the left high-precision tracks 2 and right high-precision tracks 3 is the front-back direction. A three-dimensional rotary cutting and compaction system 5 that can move along the front-back, left-right and vertical directions is set on the left high-precision tracks 2 and right high-precision tracks 3.

[0024] Both the left high-precision track 2 and the right high-precision track 3 include a steel rail 36 arranged in the front-to-back direction and two longitudinal slide rails 37. The bottom of the steel rail 36 is provided with a pre-embedded support 38. The two longitudinal slide rails 37 are arranged at intervals on the left and right sides, and their bottoms are fixed to the top surface of the steel rail 36 by supports 39. The cross-section of the two longitudinal slide rails 37 is circular. Both ends of the steel rail 36 are provided with a stop. The horizontal height difference of each longitudinal slide rail 37 is ≤0.5mm and the straightness tolerance is ≤0.5mm per 100m length. The parallelism tolerance of the four longitudinal slide rails 37 is ≤1mm per 100m length.

[0025] The three-dimensional rotary cutting and compaction system 5 includes a left precision mounting plate 80 and a right precision mounting plate 81. Both the left and right precision mounting plates 80 and 81 have two support blocks 40 at their bottoms. The two support blocks 40 on the left are mounted on the two longitudinal slide rails 37 of the left high-precision track 2, and the two support blocks 40 on the right are mounted on the two longitudinal slide rails 37 of the right high-precision track 3. Each support block 40 has a first rolling limiting component at its bottom that is tactilely connected to the adjacent longitudinal slide rail 37. The first rolling component includes a ball bearing built into the support block 40 and two limiting wheels 41 located at the lower end of the support block 40. The ball bearing is tactilely connected to the upper part of the longitudinal slide rail 37, and the two limiting wheels 41 are located on the left and right sides of the lower part of the longitudinal slide rail 37, respectively.

[0026] A crossbeam 84 is provided between the left precision repair mounting plate 80 and the right precision repair mounting plate 81. A transverse rotation precision repair mechanism is slidably provided on the crossbeam 84. A dust negative pressure collection device 86 is provided on the right precision repair mounting plate 81. The dust negative pressure collection device 86 is connected to the transverse rotation precision repair mechanism through a dust suction pipe 87. The left precision mounting plate 80 is equipped with a left travel drive mechanism, and the right precision mounting plate 81 is equipped with a right travel drive mechanism. The left and right travel drive mechanisms have the same structure and are symmetrically arranged. Each includes a travel motor 88, a travel gear 42, and a travel rack 43. The travel rack 43 is parallel to the longitudinal slide rail 37 and fixed on the rail 36. The travel rack 43 is located between the two longitudinal slide rails 37. The travel motor 88 is arranged vertically, and the travel gear 42 is mounted on the main shaft of the travel motor 88 and meshes with the travel rack 43.

[0027] The transverse rotation finishing mechanism includes a lifting and rotating finishing device, a finishing mounting base 90, a finishing transverse drive motor 91, a finishing transverse rack, and two finishing transverse slide rails 92. The finishing transverse rack and the two finishing transverse slide rails 92 are arranged horizontally on the crossbeam 84. The finishing transverse rack is located between the two finishing transverse slide rails 92. The bottom of the finishing mounting base 90 is provided with two finishing slide seats 42, which are respectively arranged on the two finishing transverse slide rails 92. The bottom of each finishing slide seat 42 is provided with a second rolling limit component that is rollably connected to one finishing transverse slide rail 92. The finishing transverse drive motor 91 is vertically arranged on the finishing mounting base 90. The lower end of the main shaft of the finishing transverse drive motor 91 is provided with a finishing transverse gear that meshes with the finishing transverse rack. The lifting and rotating finishing device is arranged on the finishing mounting base 90 and is located behind the crossbeam 84.

[0028] The lifting and rotating precision repair device includes a precision repair screw jack, a precision repair motor 93, and a precision repair tool 94. The precision repair screw jack is vertically mounted on the precision repair mounting base 90. A lifting frame 95 is located behind the precision repair screw jack and behind the crossbeam 84. The precision repair motor 93 is mounted on the lifting frame 95. A vertical steel pipe 96 is rotatably connected to the lifting frame 95 via bearings. The precision repair motor 93 is connected to the vertical steel pipe 96 via a gear mechanism. The precision repair tool 94 is located at the lower end of the vertical steel pipe 96. An elbow 97 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the vertical steel pipe 96 via bearings. The finishing tool 94 includes a rectangular horizontal base plate 98 and two rotary cutting bevel plates 99. The opposite sides of the horizontal base plate 98 are connected to the lower side of one rotary cutting bevel plate 99, and the angle between the horizontal base plate 98 and the rotary cutting bevel plate 99 is an obtuse angle. The horizontal base plate 98 is located directly below the lower end of the vertical steel pipe 96. The outer side of the lower end of the vertical steel pipe 96 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the two rotary cutting bevel plates 99, and the upper side of the two rotary cutting bevel plates 99 is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the vertical steel pipe 96 through a connecting plate 100. The dust negative pressure collection device 86 includes a bracket 85 with its bottom mounted on a right precision mounting plate 81. A mounting box 101 is mounted on the bracket 85. The mounting box 101 contains an air compressor 102, a filter 103, a negative pressure gas-solid separator 104, a discharge cylinder 105, and a discharge pipe 106. The air compressor 102 is connected to the top of the filter 103 via a first suction pipe 107. The top of the negative pressure gas-solid separator 104 is connected to the lower part of the filter 103 via a second suction pipe 108. The dust suction pipe 87 is tangentially connected to the top of the negative pressure gas-solid separator 104 and is connected to an elbow 97. The lower end of the negative pressure gas-solid separator 104 is connected to the upper port of the discharge cylinder 105 via a first pneumatic valve 109. The lower port of the discharge cylinder 105 is connected to the upper port of the discharge pipe 106 via a second pneumatic valve 110.

[0029] After the initial terrain creation of the model sand field 1, the horizontal error is ±5cm and the vertical error is ±1cm. Then, the three-dimensional rotary cutting and compaction system 5 is used on the left high-precision track 2 and the right high-precision track 3 to refine the initial terrain through rotary cutting and static compaction, controlling the horizontal error to ±1cm and the vertical error to ±1mm, thus completing the final moving bed river engineering model creation. The specific working process is as follows: Based on the digital terrain information and the requirements for refining the river channel and riverbed, intelligent control is achieved through the operating software and PLC in the control cabinet 85 to realize the accurate creation of the terrain; the traveling motor 88 on the left fine-refinement mounting plate 80 and the right fine-refinement mounting plate 81 drives the traveling gear 42 to move. The traveling gear 42 moves in the length direction of the meshing traveling rack 43. The first rolling limit component at the bottom of the left fine-refinement mounting plate 80 and the right fine-refinement mounting plate 81 moves in the forward and backward directions along the two longitudinal slide rails 37 on the left and the two longitudinal slide rails 37 on the right, respectively. A horizontal beam 84, horizontally positioned in the left-right direction, is provided between the left and right finishing mounting plates 80 and 81. A transverse rotating finishing mechanism is slidably mounted on this beam. A finishing transverse drive motor 91 drives a finishing transverse gear to move along a finishing transverse rack, causing the entire transverse rotating finishing mechanism to move left and right along two finishing transverse slide rails 92. A finishing screw jack controls the up-and-down movement of the finishing motor 93 and the finishing cutter 94, allowing the finishing cutter 94 to move freely in three-dimensional space. Simultaneously, the finishing motor 93 drives the finishing cutter 94 to rotate, performing finishing work on the initially formed river channel and riverbed. The sand and gravel generated during the finishing process are collected by a dust negative pressure collection device. 86. Suction and storage; The specific working process of the dust negative pressure collection device 86 is as follows: The air compressor 102 is started, and the air in the negative pressure gas-solid separation tank 104 is drawn through the filter 103. The negative pressure gas-solid separation tank 104 and the discharge cylinder 105 are kept in a negative pressure state. The negative pressure gas-solid separation tank 104 sucks in the model sand generated during the rotation and finishing process of the finishing tool 94 through the dust suction pipe 87. After a certain amount of model sand accumulates in the negative pressure gas-solid separation tank 104, the first pneumatic valve 109 is opened, and the model sand enters the discharge cylinder 105 by gravity. Then the first pneumatic valve 109 is closed, and the second pneumatic valve 110 is opened. The model sand is discharged from the discharge pipe 106 by gravity.

[0030] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for finishing topography in a movable-bed river model, characterized by: The application relates to a high-precision track paving device for a three-dimensional rotary cutting and compaction system.

2. A movable-bed river model topography finishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left high-precision track and the right high-precision track are both provided with steel rails arranged in the front-rear direction and two longitudinal slides, the bottom of the steel rail is provided with a pre-buried support, the two longitudinal slides are arranged at intervals in the left-right direction and are fixedly arranged on the top surface of the steel rail through supports, the cross section of the two longitudinal slides is circular, each end of the steel rail is provided with a vehicle stop, the horizontal height difference of each 100m length of each longitudinal slide is less than or equal to 0.5mm, the linear tolerance of each 100m length of each longitudinal slide is less than or equal to 0.5mm, and the parallelism tolerance of each 100m length of the four longitudinal slides is less than or equal to 1mm.

3. A mobile bed river model topography finishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The three-dimensional rotary cutting and compaction system comprises left and right fine adjustment mounting plates, the bottom of each fine adjustment mounting plate is provided with two support blocks, the two support blocks on the left side are arranged on the two longitudinal slides of the left high-precision track, and the two support blocks on the right side are arranged on the two longitudinal slides of the right high-precision track; the bottom of each support block is provided with a first rolling limiting assembly in rolling connection with the adjacent longitudinal slide; the first rolling assembly comprises a rolling ball arranged in the support block and two limiting wheels arranged at the lower end of the support block, the rolling ball is in rolling connection with the upper part of the longitudinal slide, and the two limiting wheels are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the lower part of the longitudinal slide; A cross beam is arranged between the left fine adjustment mounting plate and the right fine adjustment mounting plate, a transverse-rotating fine adjustment mechanism is slidably arranged on the cross beam, a dust negative pressure collecting device is arranged on the right fine adjustment mounting plate, and the dust negative pressure collecting device is connected with the transverse-rotating fine adjustment mechanism through a dust suction pipe. A left advancing driving mechanism is arranged on the left fine adjustment mounting plate, a right advancing driving mechanism is arranged on the right fine adjustment mounting plate, the left and right advancing driving mechanisms are the same in structure and are arranged in left-right symmetry, and each advancing driving mechanism comprises an advancing motor, an advancing gear and an advancing rack, the advancing rack is parallel to the longitudinal slide and is fixedly arranged on the steel rail, the advancing rack is located between the two longitudinal slides, the advancing motor is vertically arranged, and the advancing gear is mounted on the main shaft of the advancing motor and is in meshing connection with the advancing rack.

4. A mobile bed river model topography finishing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transverse-rotating fine adjustment mechanism comprises a lifting-rotating fine adjustment device, a fine adjustment mounting seat, a fine adjustment transverse driving motor, a fine adjustment transverse rack and two fine adjustment transverse slides, the fine adjustment transverse rack and the two fine adjustment transverse slides are arranged on the cross beam in the left-right horizontal direction, the fine adjustment transverse rack is located between the two fine adjustment transverse slides, the bottom of the fine adjustment mounting seat is provided with two fine adjustment slides, the two fine adjustment slides are respectively arranged on the two fine adjustment transverse slides, the bottom of each fine adjustment slide is provided with a second rolling limiting assembly in rolling connection with one fine adjustment transverse slide, the fine adjustment transverse driving motor is vertically arranged on the fine adjustment mounting seat, the main shaft of the fine adjustment transverse driving motor is provided with a fine adjustment transverse gear in meshing connection with the fine adjustment transverse rack, and the lifting-rotating fine adjustment device is arranged on the fine adjustment mounting seat and located at the rear side of the cross beam.

5. A mobile bed river model topography finishing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting-rotating finishing device comprises a finishing lead screw lifter, a finishing motor and a finishing cutter, the finishing lead screw lifter is vertically arranged on the finishing mounting base, the finishing lead screw lifter is provided with a lifting frame at the rear side of the cross beam, the finishing motor is arranged on the lifting frame, a vertical steel pipe is rotatably connected to the lifting frame through a bearing, the finishing motor is drivingly connected to the vertical steel pipe through a gear mechanism, the finishing cutter is arranged at the lower end of the vertical steel pipe, and a bend is rotatably connected to the upper end of the vertical steel pipe through a bearing.

6. A mobile bed river model topography finishing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The finishing cutter comprises a rectangular horizontal bottom plate and two rotary cutting inclined plates, the horizontal bottom plate is connected to the lower side edge of one rotary cutting inclined plate at each opposite side edge, the horizontal bottom plate and the rotary cutting inclined plate form an obtuse angle, the horizontal bottom plate is located directly below the lower end of the vertical steel pipe, the outer side of the lower end of the vertical steel pipe is fixedly connected to the inner side of each rotary cutting inclined plate, and the upper side edge of each rotary cutting inclined plate is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the vertical steel pipe through a connecting plate.

7. A mobile bed river model topography finishing device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The dust negative pressure collecting device comprises a bracket arranged at the bottom of the right finishing mounting plate, an installation box arranged on the bracket, an air compressor, a filter, a negative pressure gas-solid separation tank, a discharge cylinder and a discharge pipe arranged in the installation box, the air compressor is connected to the top of the filter through a first air suction pipe, the top of the negative pressure gas-solid separation tank is connected to the lower part of the filter through a second air suction pipe, a dust suction pipe is connected to the tangent direction of the top of the negative pressure gas-solid separation tank, the dust suction pipe is connected to the bend, the lower end of the negative pressure gas-solid separation tank is connected to the upper end of the discharge cylinder through a first pneumatic valve, and the lower end of the discharge cylinder is connected to the upper end of the discharge pipe through a second pneumatic valve.

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