Lithium battery thermal management system
By repairing micro-cracks in the liquid cooling plate with a self-healing coating, collecting leaked media with an isolation mechanism, and triggering an alarm with a warning mechanism, the problems of liquid cooling plate leakage and monitoring lag were solved, thereby improving the safety and stability of the lithium battery thermal management system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511843519.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing liquid cooling plates are prone to leakage under vibration and corrosion. Traditional monitoring methods are slow to respond, causing coolant diffusion that threatens the safety of the battery cells and failing to provide timely alarms.
The system employs a self-healing coating to repair micro-cracks, an isolation mechanism to collect leaked media, a highly absorbent polymer to absorb coolant, an alarm mechanism to trigger an alarm through physical expansion, and an adaptive mechanism to buffer temperature fluctuations.
It effectively reduces the risk of coolant leakage, prevents media diffusion, improves cell safety, provides timely alarms, extends cell life, and maintains stable temperature.
Smart Images
Figure CN121618103A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of lithium battery thermal management technology, specifically to a lithium battery thermal management system. Background Technology
[0002] The automotive lithium battery thermal management system is a core subsystem in electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) that ensures the safety, performance, and lifespan of the power battery. Its core task is to maintain the battery pack temperature within the optimal operating window.
[0003] Liquid-cooled automotive lithium battery thermal management systems typically employ electrically insulating coolant in a closed loop for forced circulation. Through heat conduction between the liquid cooling plate and the battery module, the heat generated during charging and discharging (or the external heat required in low-temperature environments) is efficiently transferred to the heat dissipation or heating device, thereby achieving precise temperature control of the battery and ensuring its operation within a safe and efficient operating temperature range.
[0004] To improve heat exchange efficiency, current liquid cooling plate structures are becoming increasingly thinner, with wall thicknesses generally reduced to 1–2 mm. However, these thin-walled structures are prone to fatigue cracking under long-term complex vibration loads during actual vehicle operation. Simultaneously, the commonly used aluminum alloy materials are susceptible to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) under certain operating conditions—especially in cold regions, where corrosive components such as chloride ions in road de-icing agents significantly exacerbate this problem. Furthermore, the weld areas formed during the manufacturing process of the cold-cooled plates are typically weak points in the structure; in vibration tests, the vast majority of coolant leakage failures occur at these weld areas.
[0005] The aforementioned factors lead to a higher risk of coolant leakage in liquid cooling plates after long-term service. Once a leak occurs, the most direct consequence is a partial or complete loss of effective thermal management capabilities for the battery cells. Although existing thermal management systems are generally equipped with leak detection mechanisms, such as comparing the difference in coolant inlet and outlet flow rates to determine if a leak has occurred, or triggering an alarm by abnormally rising battery cell temperature (exceeding a preset threshold), these monitoring methods generally suffer from response lag—it typically takes several minutes to identify obvious anomalies.
[0006] During this delay, the leaked coolant may have spread throughout the entire battery casing. Although the coolant is an electrically insulating formula, it may still contain trace amounts of ionic impurities, and prolonged retention can accelerate the corrosion of metal components or affect electrical insulation performance, thus posing a potential threat to the safety of the battery cells and even inducing serious malfunctions such as short circuits and thermal runaway. Summary of the Invention
[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a lithium battery thermal management system that can collect and treat leaked coolant, reducing its impact on the battery cells inside the casing.
[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a lithium battery thermal management system, wherein the lithium battery thermal management system is installed inside a housing and includes: Fasteners are used to support lithium battery cells; A temperature regulating plate has a first flow channel inside, and the first flow channel has a first end and a second end. The temperature regulating plate is used to regulate the temperature of the lithium battery cell supported by the fixing component, and the temperature regulating plate can suppress the flow rate of the fluid inside the first flow channel when cracks occur. A connecting mechanism having a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe respectively connected to a first end and a second end of a first flow channel, the connecting mechanism being used to drive the flow of medium in the first flow channel; An isolation mechanism is located inside the outer shell and divides the outer shell into a first cavity and a second cavity. A temperature regulating plate is located in the first cavity, and a second flow channel is formed between the temperature regulating plate and the fixing component. The second flow channel is connected to the first cavity. The isolation mechanism can collect the leaked medium in the second flow channel and the first cavity. At least one warning mechanism is provided, which is activated by the isolation mechanism after the leaked medium is collected.
[0009] Furthermore, the temperature regulating plate includes a first cold plate and a second cold plate, which are symmetrically arranged and have the same shape. Each cold plate has a first opening on one side, which together form a first flow channel. The sides of the first and second cold plates closest to the first flow channel are fixedly connected. The side of the second cold plate furthest from the first cold plate has a second opening, which forms a second flow channel with the fixing member. The side of the second cold plate adjacent to the fixing member is fixedly connected. The surface of the first cold plate has several first channels, and the surface of the second cold plate has several second channels. One end of each of the first channels communicates with a first cavity, and the other end of each of the first channels communicates with one end of each of the second channels. The other end of each of the second channels communicates with the second flow channel. The surface of the first cold plate has two mounting channels, which communicate with both ends of the first flow channel. One end of each of the first and second connecting pipes is fixedly connected to and internally communicates with the two mounting channels. The first and second channels are misaligned with the first flow channel. The surfaces of both the first and second cold plates are coated with a self-healing coating.
[0010] Furthermore, both the first cavity and the second flow channel are filled with highly absorbent polymers.
[0011] Furthermore, the isolation mechanism includes a base plate, several support plates, several inner columns, and several elastic waterproof cloths. One side of each of the support plates is fixedly connected to the side of the first cold plate away from the second cold plate. The other side of each support plate is fixedly connected to one end of each of the inner columns and the elastic waterproof cloths. The other ends of each of the inner columns and the elastic waterproof cloths are fixedly connected to one side of the base plate. The positions of the support plates, inner columns, and elastic waterproof cloths are all offset from the first flow channel of the first cold plate. A cavity is formed between the base plate, inner columns, elastic waterproof cloths, and support plates, and the warning mechanism is located within the cavity.
[0012] Furthermore, the warning mechanism includes a support ring, several first conductive sheets, several second conductive sheets, several support blocks, several elastic sheets, and several conductive wires. The support ring is sleeved and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner column. The outer wall of the support ring is fixedly connected to several first conductive sheets. One end of several elastic sheets is fixedly connected to the base plate. The other end of several elastic sheets is fixedly connected to one end of several support blocks. One side of several elastic sheets is fixedly connected to one side of several second conductive sheets. Several conductive wires each have three ends, with two ends fixedly connected to the first and second conductive sheets respectively, and the third end extending through to the outside of the base plate. The several first conductive sheets and several second conductive sheets cooperate to make contact and achieve circuit connection of the conductive wires.
[0013] Furthermore, a buffer is fixedly connected to the side of the base plate away from the first cold plate. The buffer is located in the second cavity of the outer shell and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell.
[0014] Furthermore, the exterior of the temperature regulating plate is equipped with a sealing mechanism to improve the sealing performance between the second flow channel and the isolation mechanism.
[0015] Furthermore, the sealing mechanism includes a first sealing ring and a second sealing ring. The side of the first cold plate near the bottom plate is fixedly connected to one side of the first sealing ring, and the other side of the first sealing ring is fixedly connected to the bottom plate. The side of the second cold plate near the fixing member is fixedly connected to one side of the second sealing ring, and the other side of the second sealing ring is fixedly connected to the fixing member.
[0016] Furthermore, the exterior of the temperature control plate is equipped with an adaptive mechanism to reduce temperature fluctuations.
[0017] Furthermore, the adaptive mechanism includes a first phase change film and a second phase change film. The first phase change film is bonded and fixed to the side of the first cold plate away from the second cold plate, and the second phase change film is bonded and fixed to the side of the second cold plate away from the first cold plate. The surface of the first phase change film is provided with a plurality of third channels that are respectively connected to a plurality of first channels, and the surface of the second phase change film is provided with a plurality of fourth channels that are respectively connected to a plurality of second channels.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The lithium battery thermal management system has a self-healing coating containing microcapsules on the surfaces of the first and second cold plates of the temperature control plate. When the cold plates develop microcracks due to vibration / fatigue, the stress at the crack tip causes the microcapsules to rupture, releasing the repair agent and forming a sealing layer through a polymerization reaction. This function automatically repairs microcracks, reduces the risk of coolant leakage, extends the service life of the cold plates, and even if the cracks expand later, it will not affect the operation of other components of the system. This lithium battery thermal management system divides the outer shell into a first cavity (including a temperature regulating plate) and a second cavity (buffer zone) by an isolation mechanism. The first cavity and the second flow channel are filled with a highly absorbent polymer (such as sodium polyacrylate). In case of leakage, the polymer quickly absorbs the coolant (expands 100-500 times and gels), preventing the medium from spreading to the cell area, avoiding the risk of deterioration of electrical insulation performance or short circuit, and significantly improving the safety of the cell. This lithium battery thermal management system uses a highly absorbent polymer that expands and squeezes an elastic waterproof cloth, causing the support block to tilt and the first / second conductive sheet to contact. Once the circuit is connected, it triggers an external audible and visual alarm. This mechanism compensates for the lag in traditional flow / temperature monitoring. Even if the temperature / flow sensor fails, it can still trigger an alarm in time through physical expansion, achieving "double insurance". This lithium battery thermal management system features an adaptive mechanism where the first phase change film buffers external ambient temperature fluctuations (low-temperature solidification releases heat, high-temperature melting absorbs heat), and the second phase change film directly absorbs the instantaneous heat from the battery cell, reducing temperature fluctuations, maintaining the battery cell in its optimal operating temperature range, and extending the battery cell's cycle life. Attached Figure Description
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Explosion diagrams of various components; Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the fastener, second phase change film, and second cold plate of the present invention. Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the first cold plate and the first phase change film of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded view of the isolation mechanism and buffer component of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a top view of the first cold plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a top view of the isolation mechanism of the present invention; Figure 10This is a detailed connection diagram of the isolation mechanism and the warning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A schematic diagram of an explosion involving the central isolation and warning mechanisms; Figure 12 This is a detailed connection diagram of the various components in the warning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a bottom view of the warning mechanism of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a detailed connection diagram of the first connecting pipe and the second connecting pipe of the present invention.
[0020] In the picture: 100. Buffer components; 200. Connecting mechanism; 210. First connecting pipe; 220. Second connecting pipe; 300. Temperature regulating plate; 310. First cold plate; 311. First flow channel; 312. First channel; 313. Installation channel; 320. Second cold plate; 321. Second flow channel; 322. Second channel; 400. Sealing mechanism; 410. First sealing ring; 420. Second sealing ring; 500. Isolation mechanism; 510. Base plate; 520. Support plate; 530. Inner column; 540. Elastic waterproof cloth; 600. Fasteners; 700, Adaptive mechanism; 710, First phase change film; 711, Third channel; 720, Second phase change film; 721, Fourth channel; 800, Warning mechanism; 810, Support ring; 820, First conductive sheet; 830, Second conductive sheet; 840, Support block; 850, Elastic sheet; 860, Conductive wire. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
[0022] Please see Figures 1-14 The lithium battery thermal management system is installed inside the casing (current lithium battery packs all have an external casing for dust protection, impact protection, and uniformity; this is existing technology and will not be described in detail here), including: Please see Figures 2-4The length and width of the fixing component 600 are the same as those of the temperature regulating plate 300, and it is made of a metal with excellent thermal conductivity. It is installed between the temperature regulating plate 300 and the lithium battery cell, which can not only ensure the stable installation of the cell inside the casing, but also achieve synchronous temperature regulation of the cell through heat transfer by temperature changes within the temperature regulating plate 300.
[0023] Please see Figures 2-4 as well as Figure 6 The temperature regulating plate 300 includes a first cold plate 310 and a second cold plate 320. The first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 have the same shape, and a first opening is provided on one side of both the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320. The two first openings of the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 cooperate to form a first flow channel 311.
[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 are shaped as follows: Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, both are made of metal, and the second cold plate 320 on the upper side is made of a material with better thermal conductivity, which can transfer the heat of the flowing medium (cooling or heating) in the first flow channel 311 to the fixing member 600, thereby regulating the temperature of the lithium battery cell on the fixing member 600.
[0025] like Figure 6 As shown, the first flow channel 311 has a first end and a second end, and its overall shape is "S" (i.e., the two curved paths in the upper right corner, the direction of medium flow, as shown). Figure 8 The dashed line corresponds to the direction indicated by the arrow, and two mounting channels 313 are provided on the surface of the first cold plate 310 (e.g., ...). Figure 8 As shown, the two installation channels 313 are respectively connected to the first end and the second end of the first flow channel 311, so that the external heat exchange medium can enter the first flow channel 311 through one of the installation channels 313, and then flow along the S-shape in the first flow channel 311 to flow out from the other installation channel 313 of the first flow channel 311, thereby realizing heat circulation.
[0026] In order for the temperature regulating plate 300 to adjust the temperature of the lithium battery cell supported by the fixing component 600: As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during normal use of the car, the temperature of the battery cell is relatively high. At this time, an external circulation device (which is prior art and will not be described in detail here) can be used to allow low-temperature liquid to flow into the first flow channel 311 between the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 through the two installation channels 313. The low-temperature liquid in the first flow channel 311 can then cool the battery cell installed on the other side of the fixing member 600 through the fixing member 600. When a car is stopped for a long time (especially in low-temperature environments such as winter), the battery cell temperature is low when the car is first started, the internal resistance of the battery cell rises sharply, and the risk of lithium ion deposition increases. It needs to be heated quickly to a suitable operating temperature (usually ≥0℃). At this time, high-temperature liquid can be flowed into the first flow channel 311 between the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 by an external circulation device to assist in heating the battery cell, accelerate the temperature rise of the battery cell, and extend the service life of the battery cell.
[0027] Furthermore, to prevent the medium leaking from inside the first flow channel 311 from entering the casing containing the battery cell: In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second cold plate 320 has a second opening on the side away from the first cold plate 310, and a second flow channel 321 is formed between the second opening and the fixing member 600. The second cold plate 320 is fixedly connected to the side adjacent to the fixing member 600 (as can be seen here). Figure 4 Since a first flow channel 311 is formed between the contact surfaces of the second cold plate 320 and the first cold plate 310, the first flow channels 311 on the opposite sides of the second cold plate 320 and the first cold plate 310 are both in a "protruding" state. Therefore, the other parts without protrusions are the second flow channels 321. The second flow channel 321 is connected to the first cavity (through the first channel 312 and the second channel 322). Specifically, the medium leaking from the first flow channel 311 will enter the second flow channel 321 and be collected by the second flow channel 321, thereby reducing the impact of the medium on the battery cell inside the casing.
[0028] Meanwhile, although the second flow channel 321 can temporarily collect the leaked medium, the medium is still relatively close to the battery cell. In order to reduce the impact of the medium passing through the fixing plate 600 on the battery cell, at this time: As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the first cold plate 310 is provided with a plurality of first channels 312, and the surface of the second cold plate 320 is provided with a plurality of second channels 322. One end of each of the plurality of first channels 312 is connected to the first cavity, and the other end of each of the plurality of first channels 312 is connected to one end of each of the plurality of second channels 322. The other end of each of the plurality of second channels 322 is connected to the second flow channel 321.
[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first channel 312 and the second channel 322 are distributed at multiple locations on the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320, so that the medium inside the first flow channel 311, no matter from which location it leaks, has a nearest first channel 312 and second channel 322 to guide it to the isolation mechanism 500 located below the first cold plate 310 for collection, so as to reduce the impact on the battery cell.
[0030] Finally, in order to ensure that the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 can suppress the flow velocity of the fluid inside the first flow channel 311 when cracks occur: As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a self-healing coating can be applied to both the surfaces of the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 (the self-healing coating can be microcapsules containing a repair agent to achieve automatic identification and repair of cracks), for example: Microcapsule shells made of polymers (such as urea-formaldehyde resin) or inorganic materials (such as silica) have specific mechanical strength and can remain stable under normal conditions; Repair agents, such as core materials, are released and cured upon cracking from low-viscosity liquids (e.g., epoxy resins, silicone monomers). The principle is as follows: microcracks are generated in the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 under vibration or fatigue load. The stress field at the crack tip causes the shell of the microcapsule located in the region to rupture. The microcapsule ruptures due to stress concentration and releases the repair agent. The repair agent is drawn into the crack gap due to capillary action. After the repair agent comes into contact with the catalyst in the air or the coolant in the flow channel (such as the curing agent premixed in the coolant), a polymerization reaction occurs to form a solid sealing layer. Because it can self-repair some tiny gaps, and even if the gaps expand later, it will not affect the operation of other components.
[0031] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 , Figures 7-9 and Figure 14 The connecting mechanism 200 has a first connecting pipe 210 and a second connecting pipe 220 respectively connected to the first end and the second end of the first flow channel 311. The connecting mechanism 200 is used to drive the medium flow in the first flow channel 311. Specifically, by setting the first connecting pipe 210 and the second connecting pipe 220, not only can they be internally connected to both ends (i.e., the two installation channels 313) in the first flow channel 311, but the heat exchange medium after the external circulation equipment has been cooled or heated can also be transported to the first flow channel 311 for subsequent heat exchange. In addition, lithium battery thermal management systems typically include, but are not limited to (since these are existing mature technologies, they will not be described in detail here, nor will they be shown in detail in the accompanying drawings): A heat exchanger that connects the coolant circuit and the air conditioning refrigeration circuit, which absorbs heat from the coolant through the evaporation of the refrigerant (air conditioning system) to enhance the cooling effect; When the battery temperature is too low (<0℃), the coolant is heated by a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC) (power about 2-5 kW). The warmed coolant flows through the liquid cooling plate and the PTC heater for heating the battery.
[0032] The isolation mechanism 500 is located inside the housing and divides the housing into a first cavity and a second cavity. The temperature control plate 300 is located in the first cavity. Specifically, since the first cavity is located on the side close to the fixing member 600, the function of the second cavity is to separate the temperature regulating plate 300 from the outer shell, thereby reducing the impact of the outer shell on the internal temperature regulating plate 300 when it is hit.
[0033] In order to reduce the impact force when the isolation mechanism 500 is subjected to an impact, and also to collect the leaked medium inside the temperature regulating plate 300, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: The isolation mechanism 500 includes a base plate 510, a plurality of support plates 520, a plurality of inner columns 530, and a plurality of elastic waterproof cloths 540. One side of each of the support plates 520 is fixedly connected to the side of the first cold plate 310 away from the second cold plate 320. The other side of each of the support plates 520 is fixedly connected to one end of each of the inner columns 530 and the elastic waterproof cloths 540. The other ends of each of the inner columns 530 and the elastic waterproof cloths 540 are fixedly connected to one side of the base plate 510. The positions of the support plates 520, the inner columns 530, and the elastic waterproof cloths 540 are all offset from the first flow channel 311 of the first cold plate 310. A cavity is formed between the base plate 510, the inner columns 530, the elastic waterproof cloths 540, and the support plates 520. The warning mechanism 800 is located in the cavity. Specifically, by setting the base plate 510, a number of support plates 520, a number of inner columns 530 and a number of elastic waterproof cloths 540 can be provided with stable support. At the same time, the interior of the outer shell is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity to avoid the temperature regulating plate 300 from directly contacting the inner wall of the outer shell, thereby reducing the probability that the impact force will directly act on the temperature regulating plate 300 after the outer shell is hit, and improving the service life of the temperature regulating plate 300. By setting the support plate 520, the connection area between the inner column 530 and the first cold plate 310 can be increased, thereby improving the support stability of the first cold plate 310. By setting the inner column 530, the bottom plate 510 and the first cold plate 310 can be separated to form a "first cavity", which can not only reduce the probability of external objects directly hitting the first cold plate 310, but also reserve space for filling with highly absorbent polymer. By setting up the elastic waterproof cloth 540, the super absorbent polymer located in the first cavity can be separated from the cavity formed between the base plate 510, the inner column 530, the elastic waterproof cloth 540 and the support plate 520, thereby preventing the super absorbent polymer from drying out and affecting the warning mechanism 800 located inside the cavity after absorbing water. In order for the isolation mechanism 500 to collect the leaked medium in the second flow channel 321 and the first cavity, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both the first cavity and the second flow channel 321 are filled with a highly absorbent polymer. First, by using a highly absorbent polymer, the dry polymer can be filled into the first cavity and the second flow channel 321 during normal use. In the event of a coolant leak, it absorbs the leaked coolant, preventing the coolant from affecting the battery cell. Simultaneously, the highly absorbent polymer can compress the elastic waterproof cloth 540 after absorbing water and expanding, thereby triggering the warning mechanism 800 to issue a timely warning. (Even if the existing temperature sensor monitoring the battery cell temperature or the flow sensor inside the first flow channel 311 has detected a leak and issued an alarm during water absorption, it will not affect the issuance of an alarm at this time. The purpose of setting up the warning mechanism 800 is that if the temperature sensor or the flow sensor fails to issue an alarm in time for some reason, it can still issue an alarm through water absorption and expansion, achieving "double insurance".) Specifically, if the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 experience coolant leakage that cannot be repaired by the self-healing agent, the coolant in the first flow channel 311 will inevitably pass through the first cold plate 310 directly into the first cavity between the isolation mechanism 500 and the first cold plate 310, or pass through the second cold plate 320 into the second flow channel 321 between the second cold plate 320 and the fixing member 600. Since the first cavity and the second flow channel 321 are both filled with highly absorbent polymers (such as sodium polyacrylate, because the coolant commonly used in automotive lithium batteries is ethylene glycol-based coolant, while sodium polyacrylate has the advantages of absorbing and gelling, preventing liquid flow, and having good insulation properties), coolant can be prevented from seeping into the battery cell, thus improving the battery cell's electrical safety rate. Sodium polyacrylate expands rapidly after absorbing coolant (usually 100-500 times). Since the surrounding parts of the sodium polyacrylate (such as the second cold plate 320 and the fixing part 600 on both sides of the second flow channel 321, or the first cold plate 310 and the bottom plate 510 on both sides of the first cavity) are all metal, the expanding sodium polyacrylate will compress the adjacent elastic waterproof cloth 540, thereby immediately triggering the warning mechanism 800 located in the cavity.
[0034] In order for the isolation mechanism 500 to collect the leaked medium, the warning mechanism 800 will be activated to issue an alert: As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the warning mechanism 800 includes a support ring 810, a plurality of first conductive sheets 820, a plurality of second conductive sheets 830, a plurality of support blocks 840, a plurality of elastic sheets 850, and a plurality of conductive wires 860. The support ring 810 is sleeved and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner column 530. The outer wall of the support ring 810 is fixedly connected to the plurality of first conductive sheets 820. One end of each of the plurality of elastic sheets 850 is fixedly connected to the base plate 510. The other end of each of the plurality of elastic sheets 850 is fixedly connected to one end of each of the plurality of support blocks 840. One side of each of the plurality of elastic sheets 850 is fixedly connected to one side of each of the plurality of second conductive sheets 830. Each of the plurality of conductive wires 860 has three ends, two of which are fixedly connected to the first conductive sheets 820 and the second conductive sheets 830, respectively. The third end extends through to the outside of the base plate 510. The plurality of first conductive sheets 820 and the plurality of second conductive sheets 830 make contact to achieve circuit connection of the conductive wires 860. Specifically, by setting the support ring 810, the connection stability between the first conductive sheet 820, the second conductive sheet 830, the support block 840, the elastic sheet 850 and the inner column 530 can be improved. By setting the first conductive sheet 820 and the second conductive sheet 830, the circuit can be connected when the support block 840 and the elastic sheet 850 are compressed by the expanded sodium polyacrylate, thereby quickly issuing a warning. By setting the support block 840, a stable support can be provided for the second conductive sheet 830; By setting the elastic sheet 850, it can be squeezed and tilted after the sodium polyacrylate expands, thereby driving the second conductive sheet 830 to move closer to the first conductive sheet 820; By setting the conductive line 860, the first conductive piece 820 and the second conductive piece 830 can be electrically connected to the external circuit. The specific steps are as follows: When sodium polyacrylate absorbs the leaked coolant and expands rapidly, the elastic waterproof cloth 540 is squeezed towards the cavity. After a period of squeezing (before the sodium polyacrylate expands, the elastic waterproof cloth 540 does not contact the support block 840), it contacts the support block 840. Subsequently, the sodium polyacrylate continues to expand, pushing the support block 840 to tilt with the elastic sheet 850. After the support block 840 tilts to a certain extent, the first conductive sheet 820 and the second conductive sheet 830 come into contact. At this time, an effective circuit connection is formed between the conductive wires 860 (before this, it can be understood as a circuit breaker being open, and after the two cancel each other out, a circuit breaker is formed). Then, an external audible and visual alarm can be used to issue a warning.
[0035] To further reduce the direct impact on the temperature regulating plate 300, such as Figures 1-3As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention: a buffer member 100 is fixedly connected to the side of the bottom plate 510 away from the first cold plate 310, and the buffer member 100 is located in the second cavity of the outer shell and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer shell. Specifically, by setting a buffer 100, the base plate 510 and the inner wall of the outer shell can be separated, and a buffer barrier is added between the base plate 510 and the inner wall of the outer shell, thereby further reducing the damage to the temperature regulating plate 300 caused by vibration and other reasons; and the buffer 100 can be selected from commonly available rubber pads, silicone pads, etc., without any specific limitation.
[0036] To further improve the sealing performance of the first flow channel 311 between the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320, such as Figures 4-6 As shown, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing mechanism 400 is provided on the outside of the temperature regulating plate 300 to improve the sealing performance between the second flow channel 321 and the isolation mechanism 500. In order to prevent liquid or expanded sodium polyacrylate from overflowing from the first flow channel 311 of the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 into the second flow channel 321 and the first cavity from overflowing from the sides of the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 into the outer shell, the sealing mechanism 400 can block the overflowing liquid or expanded sodium polyacrylate. Furthermore, the sealing mechanism 400 includes a first sealing ring 410 and a second sealing ring 420. The side of the first cold plate 310 near the bottom plate 510 is fixedly connected to one side of the first sealing ring 410, and the other side of the first sealing ring 410 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 510. The side of the second cold plate 320 near the fixing member 600 is fixedly connected to one side of the second sealing ring 420, and the other side of the second sealing ring 420 is fixedly connected to the fixing member 600. Specifically, both the first sealing ring 410 and the second sealing ring 420 can be made of metal plates, which can limit the overflow of liquid or the overflow of expanding sodium polyacrylate, and also prevent the expanding sodium polyacrylate from being crushed or leaking.
[0037] In order to mitigate the high-temperature impact of instantaneous discharge of the battery cell, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the temperature regulating plate 300 is provided with an adaptive mechanism 700 to reduce temperature fluctuations. This mechanism can buffer the instantaneous heat release when the battery cell starts up and the low-temperature or high-temperature liquid flowing in the first flow channel 311, preventing large instantaneous temperature differences, improving the battery cell's service life, and also separating the temperature regulating plate 300 from the outer casing, reducing the impact of the external ambient temperature on the temperature regulating plate 300. Furthermore, the adaptive mechanism 700 includes a first phase change film 710 and a second phase change film 720. The first phase change film 710 is attached and fixed to the side of the first cold plate 310 away from the second cold plate 320, and the second phase change film 720 is attached and fixed to the side of the second cold plate 320 away from the first cold plate 310. The surface of the first phase change film 710 is provided with a plurality of third channels 711 that are respectively connected to a plurality of first channels 312, and the surface of the second phase change film 720 is provided with a plurality of fourth channels 721 that are respectively connected to a plurality of second channels 322. Specifically, a first phase change film 710 and a second phase change film 720 are respectively provided on the side of the first cold plate 310 and the second cold plate 320 that are far apart from each other; The first phase change film 710 serves as a buffer layer between the external environment and the first cold plate 310, mitigating the thermal shock to the first cold plate 310 from external low or high temperatures. Specifically, in a low-temperature environment, the first phase change film 710 solidifies and releases heat to help maintain the temperature of the first cold plate 310; in a high-temperature environment, the first phase change film 710 melts and absorbs heat to reduce the transfer of external heat. The second phase change film 720 directly contacts the cell through the fixing member 600, serving as an intermediate buffer layer between the battery's heat generation and the second cold plate 320's heat exchange. It quickly absorbs or releases the instantaneous heat of the cell, allowing for more precise control of the cell's surface temperature fluctuations and preventing local overheating or overcooling caused by the second cold plate 320's response delay.
[0038] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A lithium battery thermal management system, the lithium battery thermal management system installed within an enclosure, characterized in that, The application relates to a lithium battery temperature adjusting device, which comprises the following parts: a fixing part (600) for supporting a lithium battery cell; a temperature adjusting plate (300) internally provided with a first flow channel (311) having a first end and a second end, the temperature adjusting plate (300) being used for adjusting the temperature of the lithium battery cell supported by the fixing part (600), and the temperature adjusting plate (300) being capable of inhibiting the flow rate of the fluid in the first flow channel (311) when cracks occur; a communication mechanism (200) having a first connecting pipe (210) and a second connecting pipe (220) respectively communicating with the first end and the second end of the first flow channel (311), the communication mechanism (200) being used for driving the medium in the first flow channel (311) to flow; an isolation mechanism (500) located in the shell and dividing the shell into a first cavity and a second cavity, the temperature adjusting plate (300) being located in the first cavity, a second flow channel (321) being formed between the temperature adjusting plate (300) and the fixing part (600), the second flow channel (321) communicating with the first cavity, and the isolation mechanism (500) being capable of collecting the leaked medium in the second flow channel (321) and the first cavity; at least one warning mechanism (800), the isolation mechanism (500) driving the warning mechanism (800) to give a warning after collecting the leaked medium.
2. The lithium battery thermal management system of claim 1, wherein: The temperature adjusting plate (300) comprises a first cold plate (310) and a second cold plate (320), the first cold plate (310) and the second cold plate (320) are identical in shape, and a first opening is formed on one side of the first cold plate (310) and the second cold plate (320); the two first openings of the first cold plate (310) and the second cold plate (320) cooperate to form the first flow channel (311), and the side of the first cold plate (310) and the second cold plate (320) close to the first flow channel (311) is fixedly connected; a second opening is formed on the side of the second cold plate (320) away from the first cold plate (310), the second opening and the fixing part (600) form the second flow channel (321), and the side of the second cold plate (320) adjacent to the fixing part (600) is fixedly connected; a plurality of first channels (312) are formed on the surface of the first cold plate (310), a plurality of second channels (322) are formed on the surface of the second cold plate (320), one end of each of the plurality of first channels (312) is in communication with the first cavity, the other end of each of the plurality of first channels (312) is in communication with one end of each of the plurality of second channels (322), and the other end of each of the plurality of second channels (322) is in communication with the second flow channel (321); two installation channels (313) are formed on the surface of the first cold plate (310), the two installation channels (313) are respectively in communication with the two ends of the first flow channel (311), one end of the first connecting pipe (210) and the second connecting pipe (220) is fixedly connected with the two installation channels (313) and is in internal communication, the plurality of first channels (312) and the plurality of second channels (322) are staggered with the first flow channel (311), and the surfaces of the first cold plate (310) and the second cold plate (320) are coated with a self-repairing coating.
3. The lithium battery thermal management system of claim 2, wherein: The first cavity and the second flow channel (321) are filled with a superabsorbent polymer.
4. The lithium battery thermal management system of claim 3, wherein: The isolation mechanism (500) comprises a bottom plate (510), a plurality of support plates (520), a plurality of inner columns (530) and a plurality of elastic waterproof cloths (540), one side of each of the plurality of support plates (520) is fixedly connected with the side of the first cold plate (310) away from the second cold plate (320), the other side of each of the plurality of support plates (520) is fixedly connected with one end of each of the plurality of inner columns (530) and the plurality of elastic waterproof cloths (540), the other end of each of the plurality of inner columns (530) and the plurality of elastic waterproof cloths (540) is fixedly connected with one side of the bottom plate (510), and the positions of the plurality of support plates (520), the plurality of inner columns (530) and the plurality of elastic waterproof cloths (540) are staggered with the first flow channel (311) of the first cold plate (310), a cavity is formed between the bottom plate (510), the inner column (530), the elastic waterproof cloth (540) and the support plate (520), and the warning mechanism (800) is located in the cavity.
5. The lithium battery thermal management system of claim 4, wherein: The warning mechanism (800) comprises a supporting ring (810), a plurality of first conductive sheets (820), a plurality of second conductive sheets (830), a plurality of supporting blocks (840), a plurality of elastic sheets (850) and a plurality of conductive wires (860), the supporting ring (810) is sleeved and fixedly connected to the outer wall of the inner column (530), the outer wall of the supporting ring (810) is fixedly connected with the plurality of first conductive sheets (820), one end of each of the plurality of elastic sheets (850) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (510), the other end of each of the plurality of elastic sheets (850) is fixedly connected with one end of each of the plurality of supporting blocks (840), one side of each of the plurality of elastic sheets (850) is fixedly connected with one side of each of the plurality of second conductive sheets (830), each of the plurality of conductive wires (860) has three ends, two ends of which are fixedly connected with the first conductive sheet (820) and the second conductive sheet (830) respectively, and the third end penetrates to the outside of the bottom plate (510), and the plurality of first conductive sheets (820) and the plurality of second conductive sheets (830) are in contact to realize circuit communication of the conductive wire (860).
6. The lithium battery thermal management system of claim 5, wherein: The bottom plate (510) is fixedly connected with a buffer (100) away from the first cold plate (310), and the buffer (100) is located in the second cavity of the shell and is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell.
7. The lithium battery thermal management system of claim 6, wherein: The temperature adjusting plate (300) is provided with a sealing mechanism (400) outside to improve the sealing performance of the second flow channel (321) and the isolation mechanism (500).
8. The lithium battery thermal management system of claim 7, wherein: The sealing mechanism (400) comprises a first sealing ring (410) and a second sealing ring (420), one side of the first cold plate (310) close to the bottom plate (510) is fixedly connected with one side of the first sealing ring (410), the other side of the first sealing ring (410) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (510), one side of the second cold plate (320) close to the fixing piece (600) is fixedly connected with one side of the second sealing ring (420), and the other side of the second sealing ring (420) is fixedly connected with the fixing piece (600).
9. The lithium battery thermal management system of claim 8, wherein: The temperature adjusting plate (300) is provided with an adaptive mechanism (700) outside to reduce temperature fluctuation.
10. The lithium battery thermal management system of claim 9, wherein: The adaptive mechanism (700) comprises a first phase change film (710) and a second phase change film (720), the first phase change film (710) is fixedly attached to the side of the first cold plate (310) away from the second cold plate (320), the second phase change film (720) is fixedly attached to the side of the second cold plate (320) away from the first cold plate (310), and a plurality of third channels (711) are formed in the surface of the first phase change film (710) and communicate with a plurality of first channels (312), a plurality of fourth channels (721) are formed in the surface of the second phase change film (720) and communicate with a plurality of second channels (322).