Antenna system, detection method and computer equipment
By adding an antenna and an RF switching switch to a three-RF port UWB antenna system, the detection of three-dimensional position information of objects is realized, which solves the problem of difficulty in realizing 3D radar detection in the prior art, simplifies system design and reduces costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511664107.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing UWB antenna systems with three RF ports are difficult to implement 3D radar detection, requiring improvements in chip design or the addition of RF ports, which leads to complex processes and high costs.
By adding an antenna and an RF switching switch to a three-RF port antenna system, the horizontal and vertical position information of an object can be detected by controlling the connection state of the RF switching switch.
This simplifies 3D radar inspection of three-RF port UWB antenna systems, avoids the need for chip improvements, reduces costs, and improves the ease of inspection.
Smart Images
Figure CN121618982A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of UWB 3D radar technology, and more particularly to an antenna system, detection method, and computer equipment. Background Technology
[0002] UWB (Ultra Wide Band) technology is a carrier-free communication technology that utilizes sub-nanosecond ultra-narrow pulses. UWB 3D radar refers to the ability to achieve three-dimensional detection by transmitting and receiving sub-nanosecond pulse signals and using phase difference technology and the triangulation principle of time of flight / time difference to analyze the reflected signals of electromagnetic waves on the target.
[0003] In existing technologies, a three-RF port antenna system (with three RF ports, including one transceiver port and two receiver ports) using UWB technology can analyze the electromagnetic waves transmitted and received by the antenna system to achieve 2D radar detection of object distance and horizontal azimuth angle. However, for a three-RF port antenna system, if it is necessary to detect the vertical elevation angle to achieve 3D radar detection, either the three-RF port chip of the system needs to have the function of controlling the switching of RF ports, or the three-RF port chip of the system needs to be replaced with a four-RF port chip. Both of these require improvements to the system chip, and the chip improvement process is complex, making it difficult for a three-RF port antenna system to achieve 3D radar detection. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application provides an antenna system, a detection method, and a computer device for implementing 3D radar detection of a three-RF port antenna system.
[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antenna system, including: a PCB board, a radio frequency chip, a radio frequency switching switch, and an antenna array module; wherein;
[0006] The radio frequency chip is disposed on the back of the PCB board, and the radio frequency chip includes: a first radio frequency port, a second radio frequency port and a third radio frequency port. The antenna array module is disposed on the front of the PCB board, and the antenna array module includes: a first antenna, a second antenna, a third antenna and a fourth antenna.
[0007] The first radio frequency port is connected to the first antenna via a radio frequency line; the second radio frequency port is connected to the second antenna and the third antenna respectively via a radio frequency line after passing through the radio frequency switching switch; the fourth radio frequency port is connected to the fourth antenna via a radio frequency line.
[0008] Furthermore, the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna of the antenna array module are arranged in a parallelogram array on the front side of the PCB board;
[0009] With the front of the PCB board as the reference surface, the first antenna is positioned at the upper left of the antenna array module arranged in a parallelogram array. The antenna positions are arranged in clockwise order as follows: the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna.
[0010] Furthermore, the center-to-center distance between the first antenna and the second antenna in the horizontal direction, and the center-to-center distance between the third antenna and the fourth antenna in the horizontal direction, are both array horizontal spacing.
[0011] The center-to-center distance between the second antenna and the third antenna in the vertical direction, and the center-to-center distance between the first antenna and the fourth antenna in the vertical direction, are both array vertical spacing.
[0012] The horizontal spacing and vertical spacing of the array are determined based on the wavelength corresponding to the operating radio frequency signal frequency of the radio frequency chip.
[0013] Furthermore, the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna of the antenna array module are all the same size.
[0014] Furthermore, the first radio frequency port is a radio frequency transceiver port used to receive and transmit radio frequency signals; the second radio frequency port, the third radio frequency port, and the fourth radio frequency port are radio frequency receiving ports used to receive radio frequency signals.
[0015] Furthermore, the radio frequency switching switch includes: an input port, a first output switch port, and a second output switch port;
[0016] Wherein, the input port of the radio frequency switch is connected to the second radio frequency port via a radio frequency line, the first output switch port of the radio frequency switch is connected to the second antenna via a radio frequency line, and the second output switch port of the radio frequency switch is connected to the third antenna via a radio frequency line;
[0017] When the RF switch is in the first connection state, the second RF port is turned off and disconnected from the second antenna via the first output switch port of the RF switch, and the second RF port is turned on and connected to the third antenna via the second output switch port of the RF switch.
[0018] When the RF switch is in the second connection state, the second RF port is connected to the second antenna via the first output switch port of the RF switch, and the second RF port is disconnected from the third antenna via the second output switch port of the RF switch.
[0019] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a 3D radar detection method applied to the antenna system to detect the 3D position information of an object. The 3D radar detection method includes:
[0020] The radio frequency switching switch is controlled to be in a first connection state so that the second radio frequency port is connected to the third antenna; and the first antenna is controlled to transmit radio frequency signals and the third antenna and the fourth antenna are controlled to receive the echo signals returned after the radio frequency signals transmitted by the first antenna are reflected by the object; based on the echo signals received by the third antenna and the echo signals received by the fourth antenna, the position information of the object in the horizontal direction is obtained;
[0021] The radio frequency switching switch is controlled to be in the second connection state so that the second radio frequency port is connected to the second antenna. The first antenna is controlled to transmit radio frequency signals and the second antenna and the fourth antenna are controlled to receive the echo signals returned after the radio frequency signals transmitted by the first antenna are reflected by the object. Based on the echo signals received by the second antenna and the echo signals received by the fourth antenna and the position information of the object in the horizontal direction, the position information of the object in the vertical direction is obtained.
[0022] The 3D detection information of the object is determined based on the object's position information in the horizontal direction and the object's position information in the vertical direction.
[0023] Furthermore, the step of controlling the first antenna to transmit radio frequency signals and controlling the third and fourth antennas to receive the echo signals returned after the radio frequency signals transmitted by the first antenna are reflected by the object; based on the echo signals received by the third and fourth antennas, the horizontal position information of the object is obtained, including:
[0024] The system controls the first antenna to transmit radio frequency signals and controls the third and fourth antennas to receive the echo signals returned after the radio frequency signals transmitted by the first antenna are reflected by the object. Based on the echo signals received by the third and fourth antennas and the distance difference between the third and fourth antennas in the horizontal direction, the system determines the horizontal position information of the object.
[0025] Furthermore, the system controls the first antenna to transmit radio frequency signals and controls the second and fourth antennas to receive the echo signals returned after the radio frequency signals transmitted by the first antenna are reflected by the object. Based on the echo signals received by the second and fourth antennas and the object's position information in the horizontal direction, the system obtains the object's position information in the vertical direction, including:
[0026] The system controls the first antenna to transmit radio frequency signals and controls the second and fourth antennas to receive the echo signals returned after the radio frequency signals transmitted by the first antenna are reflected by the object. Based on the echo signals received by the second and fourth antennas, the distance difference between the second and fourth antennas in the horizontal direction, the distance difference between the second and fourth antennas in the vertical direction, and the position information of the object in the horizontal direction, the position information of the object in the vertical direction is determined.
[0027] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a computer device connected to an antenna system. The computer device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the 3D radar detection method.
[0028] This application embodiment adds an antenna to a three-RF port antenna system and configures a corresponding RF switching switch. Based on the detection requirements, the RF switching switch can be controlled to be in different connection states to connect the corresponding antenna and RF port, thereby enabling the detection of the horizontal and vertical position information of the object. This allows the three-port UWB antenna system to achieve 3D radar detection.
[0029] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiments of this application have the following advantages: This application has no additional requirements for the chip of the three-RF port antenna system. The lack of chip function can be compensated by simply adding an extra antenna and RF switching switch. The method is simple, easy to implement, and highly versatile, which makes it easier to realize 3D radar detection of the three-port UWB antenna system. Attached Figure Description
[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.
[0031] Figure 1-1 This is a rear perspective layout view of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application;
[0032] Figure 1-2 This is a rear layout diagram of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application;
[0033] Figure 1-3 This is a front layout view of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application;
[0034] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the RF chip port structure of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application;
[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the radio frequency switch structure of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application;
[0036] Figure 4-1 This is a return loss curve of each antenna in an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application when measuring the horizontal position information of an object;
[0037] Figure 4-2 This is a return loss curve of each antenna in an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application when measuring the vertical position information of an object;
[0038] Figure 5-1 This is a diagram showing the isolation curves between antennas of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application when measuring the horizontal position information of an object;
[0039] Figure 5-2 This is a diagram showing the isolation curves between antennas of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application when measuring the vertical position information of an object;
[0040] Figure 6-1 This is a gain curve diagram of each antenna of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application when measuring the horizontal position information of an object;
[0041] Figure 6-2 This is a gain curve diagram of each antenna of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application when measuring the vertical position information of an object;
[0042] Figure 7-1 This application discloses an antenna system for measuring the horizontal position information of an object using a horizontal plane main polarization / cross polarization pattern.
[0043] Figure 7-2 This application discloses an antenna system with a horizontal plane main polarization / cross polarization pattern when measuring the vertical position information of an object.
[0044] Figure 7-3 This application discloses an antenna system for measuring the horizontal position information of an object, showing the vertical plane main polarization / cross polarization pattern of the antenna in an embodiment of the present application.
[0045] Figure 7-4 This is a vertical plane main polarization / cross polarization pattern of an antenna system disclosed in an embodiment of this application when measuring the vertical position information of an object. Detailed Implementation
[0046] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0047] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.
[0048] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0049] UWB (Ultra Wide Band) technology is a sub-nanosecond ultra-narrow pulse carrier-free communication technology. UWB 3D radar refers to the use of sub-nanosecond pulse signals for transmission and reception, utilizing phase difference technology and the time-of-flight / time-difference triangulation principle to analyze the reflected signals of electromagnetic waves on target objects, thereby achieving three-dimensional detection. In existing technologies, a three-RF port antenna system using UWB technology, where the RF chip has three RF ports (typically one transmit / receive port and two receive ports), can transmit RF signals by controlling the antennas connected to the RF chip's transmit / receive ports. These signals are then reflected by an object to form an echo signal. The two antennas connected to the two receive ports receive and analyze this echo signal, enabling 2D radar detection of the object's distance and horizontal azimuth. To detect the vertical pitch angle of an object and achieve 3D radar detection, two methods are required: First, a corresponding transmit / receive switch needs to be integrated within the three-RF-port chip to convert other receiving ports into transmit / receive ports, thus enabling the detection of the object's vertical pitch angle. This method involves high chip complexity and difficult design and integration. Second, an additional port and antenna need to be added within the three-RF-port chip, creating a four-RF-port, four-antenna system to detect the object's vertical pitch angle. However, adding a port requires integrating a matching RF link within the chip, which increases chip complexity and packaging difficulty. Therefore, both existing methods require improvements to the system chip, which are complex and costly, making it difficult for three-RF-port antenna systems to achieve 3D radar detection. To address these issues, this application provides an antenna system, detection method, and computer device that makes 3D radar detection with a three-port UWB antenna system easier to achieve.
[0050] like Figure 1-1 , 1-2 As shown in Figures 1-3, this application provides an antenna system, which includes a PCB board 101, an RF chip 201, an RF switching switch 301, and an antenna array module 401.
[0051] In this embodiment, a 2.0mm thick 4-layer PCB board 101 can be used, specifically as follows: Figure 1-2 The RF chip 201 shown is disposed on the back side of the PCB board 101. The RF chip 201 includes a first RF port 2011, a second RF port 2012, and a third RF port 2013; specifically as follows... Figure 1-3The antenna array module 401 shown can be mounted on the front side of the PCB board 101. The antenna array module includes: a first antenna 4011, a second antenna 4012, a third antenna 4013, and a fourth antenna 4014. A signal hole is provided at the geometric center of each antenna. The first RF port 2011 of the RF chip 201 can be connected to the signal hole of the first antenna 4011 through an RF cable. The second RF port 2012 of the RF chip 201 can be connected to the signal holes of the second antenna 4012 and the third antenna 4013 respectively through an RF cable via an RF switching switch 301. The third RF port 2013 of the RF chip 201 can be connected to the signal hole of the fourth antenna 4014 through an RF cable.
[0052] Furthermore, the antenna array module 401 of this application embodiment includes a first antenna 4011, a second antenna 4012, a third antenna 4013, and a fourth antenna 4014, which can be arranged in a parallelogram array on the front side of the PCB board 101. The arrangement of each antenna can be as follows: with the front side of the PCB board 101 as the reference plane, the first antenna 4011 is arranged in the upper left corner of the antenna array module 401, and the antennas are arranged in a parallelogram array in a clockwise order with the first antenna 4011 as the reference point, namely: the first antenna 4011, the second antenna 4012, the third antenna 4013, and the fourth antenna 4014. The order of the antennas can be changed according to the needs of the system when performing 3D radar detection, and there is no specific limitation here.
[0053] Furthermore, the center-to-center spacing of the antennas arranged in a parallelogram array can be determined based on the wavelength corresponding to the operating radio frequency signal frequency of the RF chip 201 in this embodiment. Specifically, the center-to-center spacing of the first antenna 4011 and the second antenna 4012 in the horizontal direction, as well as the center-to-center spacing of the third antenna 4013 and the fourth antenna 4014 in the horizontal direction, should not exceed half the wavelength corresponding to the operating radio frequency signal frequency of the RF chip 201. For example, if the radio frequency signal frequency of a certain RF chip is 7987.2MHz, the corresponding wavelength is approximately 37.5mm, and half the wavelength is 18.75mm. The center-to-center spacing of the first antenna 4011 and the second antenna 4012 in the horizontal direction... The center-to-center spacing of the second antenna 4012 and the third antenna 4013 and the fourth antenna 4014 in the horizontal direction is preferably 15 mm. The center-to-center spacing of the second antenna 4012 and the third antenna 4013 in the vertical direction and the center-to-center spacing of the first antenna 4011 and the fourth antenna 4014 in the vertical direction should also not exceed half the wavelength corresponding to the operating radio frequency signal frequency of the radio frequency chip. Therefore, when the radio frequency signal frequency of a certain radio frequency chip is 7987.2 MHz, the center-to-center spacing of the second antenna 4012 and the third antenna 4013 in the vertical direction and the center-to-center spacing of the first antenna 4011 and the fourth antenna 4014 in the vertical direction is preferably 10 mm.
[0054] If the center-to-center spacing of the corresponding antennas in the horizontal or vertical direction exceeds half the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of the RF chip, the phase of the echo signal received by the antenna is easily blurred, reducing the measurement accuracy. The antenna array arranged in a parallelogram and the corresponding center-to-center spacing in the embodiment of this application can ensure that the received echo signal is clearer and more accurate.
[0055] Furthermore, the first antenna, second antenna, third antenna, and fourth antenna in this embodiment can be antennas of the same size. The consistent size makes the signal response generated by each antenna highly predictable and consistent in amplitude and phase, which facilitates the data processing of 3D radar detection by the system.
[0056] like Figure 2 As shown, the radio frequency chip 201 used in this embodiment includes three radio frequency ports. The first radio frequency port 2011 is a radio frequency transceiver port used to receive and transmit radio frequency signals. The echo signal received by the first radio frequency port 2011 is typically used as a reference signal for echo signal analysis, which can improve the ranging accuracy, sensitivity, and anti-interference capability of the entire radar system. The second radio frequency port 2012 and the third radio frequency port 2013 are radio frequency receiving ports used to receive echo signals, which are generated by the reflection of the radio frequency signal emitted by the first radio frequency port 2011 from an object. By analyzing the echo signals received by the second radio frequency port 2012 and the third radio frequency port 2013, the position information of the object can be obtained.
[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, the RF switch 301 of this embodiment includes: an input port 3011, a first output switch port 3012, and a second output switch port 3013; wherein, the input port 3011 of the RF switch 301 is connected to the second RF port 2012 via an RF line, the first output switch port 3012 of the RF switch 301 is connected to the second antenna 4012 via an RF line, and the second output switch port 3013 of the RF switch 301 is connected to the third antenna 4013 via an RF line. The first output switch port 3012 and the second output switch port 3013 of the RF switch 301 can be turned on or off by software. According to the requirements of 3D radar detection, the RF switch 301 of this embodiment can be in a first connection state or a second connection state.
[0058] If it is necessary to detect the horizontal position information of an object during 3D radar detection, the RF switch 301 can be controlled to be in the first connection state: at this time, the first output switch port 3012 of the RF switch 301 is turned off, and the second output switch port 3013 is turned on. The second RF port 2012 can be disconnected from the second antenna 4012 after the first output switch port 3012 of the RF switch 301 is turned off. The second RF port 2012 can be connected to the third antenna 4013 through the RF line after the second output switch port 3013 of the RF switch 301 is turned on. At this time, the third antenna 4013 and the fourth antenna 4014 are responsible for receiving the echo signal. There is a distance difference between the third antenna 4013 and the fourth antenna 4014 in the horizontal direction. The horizontal position information of the object can be obtained by analyzing the echo signal based on this distance difference.
[0059] When performing 3D radar detection, if it is necessary to detect the vertical position information of an object, the processor can control the RF switch 301 to be in the second connection state: at this time, the first output switch of the RF switch 301 is turned on, the second output switch port 3013 is turned off, the second RF port 2012 can be connected to the second antenna 4012 through the first output switch of the RF switch 301, and the second RF port 2012 can be disconnected from the third antenna 4013 after the second output switch port 3013 of the RF switch 301 is turned off. At this time, there is a distance difference between the second antenna 4012 and the fourth antenna 4014 in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Based on the distance difference in the horizontal and vertical directions and the position information of the object in the horizontal direction, the position information of the object in the vertical direction can be obtained by analyzing the received echo signal.
[0060] Furthermore, this application also provides a 3D radar detection method, applied to the antenna system involved in this application embodiment, the 3D radar detection method including:
[0061] The processor controls the RF switching switch 301 to be in the first connection state, so that the second RF port 2012 is connected to the third antenna 4013; and controls the first antenna 4011 to transmit RF signals and controls the third antenna 4013 and the fourth antenna 4014 to receive the echo signals returned after the RF signals transmitted by the first antenna 4011 are reflected by the object; based on the echo signals received by the third antenna 4013 and the echo signals received by the fourth antenna 4014, the position information of the object in the horizontal direction is obtained;
[0062] During 3D radar detection, the controllable radio frequency switch 301 is in the first connection state. In this connection state, the second radio frequency port 2012 is connected to the third antenna 4013, and the second antenna 4012 is not working. At this time, the first antenna 4011 is controlled to transmit radio frequency signals, and the third antenna 4013 and the fourth antenna 4014 are responsible for receiving echo signals. Since there is a distance difference between the third antenna 4013 and the fourth antenna 4014 in the horizontal direction, the horizontal position information of the object can be obtained by analyzing the echo signal through this distance difference.
[0063] The processor controls the RF switching switch 301 to be in the second connection state, so that the second RF port 2012 is connected to the second antenna 4012, and controls the first antenna 4011 to transmit RF signals and controls the second antenna 4012 and the fourth antenna 4014 to receive the echo signals returned after the RF signals transmitted by the first antenna 4011 are reflected by the object. Based on the echo signals received by the second antenna 4012 and the echo signals received by the fourth antenna 4014, as well as the position information of the object in the horizontal direction, the position information of the object in the vertical direction is obtained.
[0064] During 3D radar detection, the controllable radio frequency switch 301 is in the second connection state. In this connection state, the second radio frequency port 2012 is connected to the second antenna 4012, and the third antenna 4013 is not working. At this time, the first antenna 4011 is controlled to transmit radio frequency signals, and the second antenna 4012 and the fourth antenna 4014 are controlled to receive echo signals. Since the second antenna 4012 and the fourth antenna 4014 have distance differences in both the horizontal and vertical directions, the echo signals received by the second antenna 4012 and the fourth antenna 4014 can be analyzed by combining the horizontal position information of the object with the corresponding distance differences to obtain the vertical position information of the object.
[0065] The 3D detection information of the object is determined based on the object's position information in the horizontal direction and the object's position information in the vertical direction.
[0066] By using the object's position information in the horizontal direction, such as the object's horizontal azimuth angle θ, the object's position information in the vertical direction, such as the object's vertical pitch angle Φ, and the distance R from the object to the antenna system determined based on the flight time of the radio frequency signal from transmission to reception and the velocity of the radio frequency signal during the detection of the object's position information in the horizontal or vertical direction, the polar coordinate information (θ, Φ, R) of the object can be obtained. Through coordinate transformation, the 3D information of the object's three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, Z) can be determined.
[0067] The above process controls the radio frequency switching switch 301 to put each antenna of the antenna system into different transmit and receive states, thereby detecting the horizontal and vertical position information of the object to realize the 3D radar detection function. In the process of switching between different position information of the object, no additional switching work is required by the radio frequency chip, nor is it necessary to add a radio frequency port. The system can realize the 3D radar detection function with only an additional antenna and radio frequency switching switch 301. The method is simple, easy to implement and highly versatile.
[0068] Specifically, when detecting the horizontal position information of an object, the first antenna 4011 is controlled to transmit a radio frequency signal, and the third antenna 4013 and the fourth antenna 4014 are controlled to receive the echo signal returned after the radio frequency signal transmitted by the first antenna 4011 is reflected by the object. Since the transmitted radio frequency signal is actually an electromagnetic wave with a definite speed, namely the speed of light, the actual distance from the object to the antenna can be determined by analyzing the time from transmitting the radio frequency signal to receiving the echo signal. However, there is a horizontal distance difference between the third antenna 4013 and the fourth antenna 4014, so the echo signals received by the two will also be different. Based on the horizontal distance difference between the two, the phase operation of the echo signals received by the two can determine the horizontal azimuth angle of the object in the horizontal direction, thereby obtaining the horizontal position information of the object.
[0069] When detecting the vertical position information of an object, the first antenna 4011 can be controlled to transmit radio frequency signals, and the second antenna 4012 and the fourth antenna 4014 can be controlled to receive the echo signals returned after the radio frequency signals transmitted by the first antenna 4011 are reflected by the object. Since the transmitted radio frequency signals are actually electromagnetic waves with a definite speed, namely the speed of light, the actual distance from the object to the antenna can be determined by analyzing the time from transmitting the radio frequency signal to receiving the echo signal. This distance should actually be consistent with the actual distance from the object to the antenna obtained when detecting the vertical position information of the object. However, since the second antenna 4011... Antennas 12 and 4014 have distance differences in both the horizontal and vertical directions. Antennas 4012, 4013, and 4014 form an isosceles triangle with a definite distance relationship. Based on the horizontal position information of the object obtained from antennas 4013 and 4014, and combined with the distance differences between antennas 4012 and 4014 in the horizontal and vertical directions, the echo signals of antennas 4012 and 4014 can be analyzed to finally determine the elevation angle of the object in the vertical direction, thereby obtaining the position information of the object in the vertical direction.
[0070] This application also provides a computer device connected to an antenna system. The computer device includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described 3D radar detection method.
[0071] In some specific embodiments of this application, the return loss of each antenna generally needs to be below -10dB within the system's operating frequency. The operating frequency of this application embodiment is around 8GHz. The return losses of each antenna in this application embodiment when measuring the horizontal / vertical position information of an object are as follows: Figure 4-1 , 4-2 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the return loss of the antenna in dB. The return loss of the first antenna 4011 (shown by the solid line in the figure), the return loss of the second antenna 4012 and the third antenna 4013 (shown by the thick dashed line in the figure), and the return loss of the fourth antenna 4014 (shown by the thin dashed line in the figure) are all below -10 dB.
[0072] In this embodiment of the application, when measuring the horizontal / vertical position information of an object, the isolation of each antenna is as follows: Figure 5-1 , 5-2 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the antenna isolation value in dB. The isolation between the first antenna 4011 and the fourth antenna 4014 (shown by solid lines), the isolation between the first antenna 4011 and the second antenna 4012 and the first antenna 4011 and the third antenna 4013 (shown by thick dashed lines), and the isolation between the fourth antenna 4014 and the second antenna 4012 and the fourth antenna 4014 and the third antenna 4013 (shown by thin dashed lines) are all below -15 dB when the operating frequency is around 8 GHz. This isolation can meet the application requirements of traditional UWB ranging and angle measurement and UWB 3D radar detection scenarios.
[0073] In this embodiment of the application, when measuring the horizontal / vertical position information of an object, the gain results of each antenna are as follows: Figure 6-1 , 6-2 As shown in the figure, the horizontal axis represents the operating frequency in GHz, and the vertical axis represents the antenna gain in dBi. The gain values of the first antenna 4011 (shown by the solid line in the figure), the fourth antenna 4014 (shown by the thick dashed line in the figure), and the second antenna 4012 and the third antenna 4013 (shown by the thin dashed line in the figure) are all above -0.3 dBi when the operating frequency is around 8 GHz, which can meet the application requirements of UWB 3D radar detection.
[0074] In this embodiment of the application, when measuring the horizontal / vertical position information of an object, and operating at a frequency of 8 GHz, the horizontal main polarization / cross polarization of the antenna is as follows: Figure 7-1 , 7-2 As shown, the antenna's vertical plane main polarization / cross polarization is as follows: Figure 7-3 , 7-4 As shown in the figures, each graph is presented in polar coordinates. The solid lines in each graph represent the main polarization pattern of the antenna, and the dashed lines represent the cross-polarization pattern. In UWB 3D radar detection application scenarios, it is necessary to ensure that the main polarization of the antenna is greater than the cross-polarization within the antenna's coverage area (generally ±45° in the horizontal direction and ±35° in the vertical direction). As shown in the figures, in the embodiments of this application, within the antenna's coverage area (±45° in the horizontal direction and ±35° in the vertical direction), not only is the main polarization greater than the cross-polarization, but the main polarization is also at least 5 dB greater than the cross-polarization (each grid in the figure represents a gain value of 5 dB).
[0075] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0076] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, apparatuses, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection between apparatuses or units through some interfaces, and may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
[0077] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.
[0078] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.
[0079] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.
Claims
1. An antenna system, characterized by include: PCB board, RF chip, RF switching switch and antenna array module; in; The radio frequency chip is disposed on the back of the PCB board, and the radio frequency chip includes: a first radio frequency port, a second radio frequency port and a third radio frequency port. The antenna array module is disposed on the front of the PCB board, and the antenna array module includes: a first antenna, a second antenna, a third antenna and a fourth antenna. The first radio frequency port is connected to the first antenna via a radio frequency line; the second radio frequency port is connected to the second antenna and the third antenna respectively via a radio frequency line after passing through the radio frequency switching switch; the fourth radio frequency port is connected to the fourth antenna via a radio frequency line.
2. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna of the antenna array module are arranged in a parallelogram array on the front side of the PCB board. With the front of the PCB board as the reference surface, the first antenna is positioned at the upper left of the antenna array module arranged in a parallelogram array. The antenna positions are arranged in clockwise order as follows: the first antenna, the second antenna, the third antenna, and the fourth antenna.
3. The antenna system of claim 2, wherein, The center-to-center distance between the first antenna and the second antenna in the horizontal direction, and the center-to-center distance between the third antenna and the fourth antenna in the horizontal direction, are both horizontal spacing of the antenna array module; The center-to-center distance between the second antenna and the third antenna in the vertical direction, and the center-to-center distance between the first antenna and the fourth antenna in the vertical direction, are both array vertical spacing. The horizontal spacing and vertical spacing of the array are determined based on the wavelength corresponding to the operating radio frequency signal frequency of the radio frequency chip.
4. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The first antenna, second antenna, third antenna, and fourth antenna of the antenna array module are all the same size.
5. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The first radio frequency port is a radio frequency transceiver port used to receive and transmit radio frequency signals; the second radio frequency port, the third radio frequency port and the fourth radio frequency port are radio frequency receiving ports used to receive radio frequency signals.
6. The antenna system of claim 1, wherein, The radio frequency switching switch includes: an input port, a first output switch port, and a second output switch port; Wherein, the input port of the radio frequency switch is connected to the second radio frequency port via a radio frequency line, the first output switch port of the radio frequency switch is connected to the second antenna via a radio frequency line, and the second output switch port of the radio frequency switch is connected to the third antenna via a radio frequency line; When the RF switch is in the first connection state, the second RF port is turned off and disconnected from the second antenna via the first output switch port of the RF switch, and the second RF port is turned on and connected to the third antenna via the second output switch port of the RF switch. When the RF switch is in the second connection state, the second RF port is connected to the second antenna via the first output switch port of the RF switch, and the second RF port is disconnected from the third antenna via the second output switch port of the RF switch.
7. A 3D radar detection method, characterized in that, The application discloses an antenna system for detecting 3D position information of an object, and a 3D radar detection method. controlling the radio frequency switch to be in a first connection state so as to connect the second radio frequency port with the third antenna, and controlling the first antenna to emit a radio frequency signal and controlling the third antenna and the fourth antenna to receive echo signals returned after the radio frequency signal emitted by the first antenna is reflected by an object; and obtaining position information of the object in a horizontal direction based on the echo signals received by the third antenna and the fourth antenna. controlling the radio frequency switch to be in a second connection state so as to connect the second radio frequency port with the second antenna, and controlling the first antenna to emit a radio frequency signal and controlling the second antenna and the fourth antenna to receive echo signals returned after the radio frequency signal emitted by the first antenna is reflected by an object; and obtaining position information of the object in a vertical direction based on the echo signals received by the second antenna and the fourth antenna and the position information of the object in the horizontal direction. determining 3D detection information of the object based on the position information of the object in the horizontal direction and the position information of the object in the vertical direction.
8. The 3D radar detection method of claim 7, wherein, controlling the first antenna to emit a radio frequency signal and controlling the third antenna and the fourth antenna to receive echo signals returned after the radio frequency signal emitted by the first antenna is reflected by an object; obtaining position information of the object in a horizontal direction based on echo signals received by the third antenna and the fourth antenna, including: controlling the first antenna to emit a radio frequency signal and controlling the third antenna and the fourth antenna to receive echo signals returned after the radio frequency signal emitted by the first antenna is reflected by an object; and determining position information of the object in a horizontal direction based on echo signals received by the third antenna and the fourth antenna and a distance difference between the third antenna and the fourth antenna in the horizontal direction.
9. The 3D radar detection method of claim 7, wherein, controlling the first antenna to emit a radio frequency signal and controlling the second antenna and the fourth antenna to receive echo signals returned after the radio frequency signal emitted by the first antenna is reflected by an object; and obtaining position information of the object in a vertical direction based on echo signals received by the second antenna and the fourth antenna and the position information of the object in the horizontal direction, including: controlling the first antenna to emit a radio frequency signal and controlling the second antenna and the fourth antenna to receive echo signals returned after the radio frequency signal emitted by the first antenna is reflected by an object; and determining position information of the object in a vertical direction based on echo signals received by the second antenna and the fourth antenna, a distance difference between the second antenna and the fourth antenna in the horizontal direction, a distance difference between the second antenna and the fourth antenna in the vertical direction and the position information of the object in the horizontal direction.
10. A computer device, comprising: The computer device is connected with the antenna system, the computer device comprises a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor realizes the steps of the 3D radar detection method in any one of claims 7 to 9 when executing the computer program.