Segmented seedling raising method for improving survival rate of vaccinium vitis seed seedling raising

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seedling raising, in particular to a segmented seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of vaccinium vitis seed seedling raising, which comprises the following steps: seed pretreatment: soaking full seeds with seed vigor in clear water for 2-4 hours, then disinfecting the seeds with 20% 84 disinfectant for 5 minutes, then immediately washing the seeds with distilled water for 3-5 times, then soaking the seeds with 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500-fold solution for 1 minute, and then taking out the seeds; the disinfected seeds are evenly placed on the surface of a 1% agar culture medium, a culture dish is covered with a cover and then placed in a self-sealing bag, and the self-sealing bag is placed in a variable-temperature artificial climate box with the humidity being 60% and the temperature being 16-25 DEG C to be cultured for 15-20 days; transferring a culture medium; greenhouse flowerpot transplanting; transplanting in a greenhouse nutrition pot; and seedling management. The method overcomes the defects of inconsistent seedling emergence time, rotten roots, weak seedlings and the like in conventional seedling culture, and has the advantages of neat seedlings, strong seedlings, complete seedling formation and the like compared with a conventional seedling culture method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of seedling technology, and in particular to a segmented seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of blueberry seedlings. Background Technology

[0002] Blueberries, also known as blueberries or blueberries, belong to the genus *Vaccinioideae* of the subfamily Vaccinioideae in the family Ericaceae. Vaccinium Blueberries (L.) are perennial deciduous or evergreen shrubs bearing small berries. They possess anti-aging, cardiotonic, vision-improving, and anti-cancer properties, combining high economic value with rich nutritional and health benefits, making them a promising "third-generation emerging fruit." my country has abundant blueberry resources, mainly distributed in Northeast and Southwest my country, at altitudes of 750–4000m. They grow in pine and oak forests, including hillside shrublands, mountain evergreen broad-leaved forests, and alpine meadows. However, due to illegal logging and land reclamation, the habitat of some blueberry resources has been destroyed, leading to a sharp decline in population and a drastic reduction in wild resources.

[0003] Currently, most blueberry varieties in my country are imported from abroad. To cultivate new blueberry varieties suitable for the local environment with independent intellectual property rights, it is necessary to protect wild blueberry resources while carrying out artificial domestication to ensure the full utilization of resources. The primary issue to be addressed in artificial domestication is seedling propagation. Research during the domestication process has revealed that rooting through cuttings is extremely difficult, resulting in a very low propagation coefficient, while seed propagation has a low germination rate. To solve the problems of low germination rate and long seedling cycle in blueberry seed propagation, Chinese patent CN101077045A discloses "a method for artificially cultivating blueberry seedlings." This method involves inoculating sterilized blueberry seeds into MS culture medium under aseptic conditions and hardening off the seedlings using tissue culture methods before transplanting. Although this method improves the seed germination rate, it has high technical requirements, is prone to contamination during inoculation, and has a relatively long rooting time in the bottle, resulting in the formation of more callus tissue, which is not conducive to rooting. Chinese patent CN 111512735A discloses a "treatment method to promote blueberry seed germination." This method involves disinfecting the seeds, placing them in a petri dish lined with filter paper and adding water to encourage germination until the seeds show white sprouts, then transplanting the seedlings. While this method improves the germination rate compared to conventional direct seeding, the unevenness of the white sprouts can lead to damage to the embryos of prematurely sprouted seeds during sowing, thus affecting the germination rate. Furthermore, the unevenness of the covering thickness and the uniformity of the white sprouts also result in uneven germination and a longer germination time. Numerous studies have found that the dormancy period of blueberry seeds varies, ranging from several weeks to even months, and some seeds are particularly small, such as blueberry (Lysimachia christinae). V.chunii ), Viburnum vetch ( V.sikkimense Ginkgo biloba ( ) V.leucobotrysDue to the limited space between the seeds and the growing environment, it is difficult to observe the sprouting of the seedlings after germination. Compared with cultivated blueberry varieties, seedlings grow more slowly. Current methods for propagating blueberry seedlings suffer from numerous technical problems, such as low seed germination rates, uneven emergence, and low overall seedling emergence, which have become major bottlenecks in blueberry hybridization and breeding. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The features and advantages of the present invention are set forth in part in the description which follows, or may be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention.

[0005] To overcome the problems of existing technologies, this invention provides a segmented seedling raising method to improve the survival rate of blueberry seeds, comprising the following steps: Seed pretreatment: Soak plump and vigorous seeds in clean water for 2-4 hours, then disinfect with 84 disinfectant for 5 minutes, rinse with distilled water 3-5 times, and then soak in 50% carbendazim wettable powder at 500 times dilution for 1 minute before taking them out. Germination and rooting in culture medium: Place the sterilized seeds evenly on the surface of 1% agar medium, seal them, and place them in a variable temperature artificial climate chamber with a humidity of 60% and a temperature of 16-25℃ for 15-20 days. Culture medium transfer: Transfer the seeds that have sprouted to a new 1% agar medium; transfer the seeds that have not sprouted after 15 to 20 days and have a long dormancy period to a 1% agar medium containing 200 to 400 ppm GA3, and transfer them to a new 1% agar medium when the embryo reaches a length of 0.3 to 0.5 cm. Greenhouse pot transplanting: After transplanting, when the plant has grown 5-6 lateral roots and 2 cotyledons, transplant it into a pot containing substrate. Spray a small amount of 500-800 times diluted 50% carbendazim wettable powder, then seal the pot with perforated plastic wrap and place it in a sealed small arched shed in the greenhouse. Ten days after transplanting, spray with diluted WPM culture medium stock solution. Afterward, every 14 days, alternately spray with diluted amino acid water-soluble fertilizer and diluted WPM culture medium stock solution. Transplanting in greenhouse nutrient pots: When the seedlings grow to 4-5cm, partially open the plastic wrap. After 7 days, fully open the plastic wrap. After another 7 days, transplant them into nutrient pots filled with formulated soil. After watering thoroughly, place them in a small arched shed with open ends. Every 20 days, alternately spray with diluted WPM culture medium stock solution and diluted amino acid water-soluble fertilizer. Seedling management: When the seedlings reach a height of 10-15cm, they can be hardened off. After hardening off for 10-15 days, they can be transplanted. After the seedlings have recovered, fertilizer and water management should be carried out for the blueberry seedlings.

[0006] Preferably, the 24-hour temperature and light settings of the variable temperature artificial climate chamber are as follows: 16℃ 8h 0Lux, 20℃ 2h 1500Lux, 22℃ 4h 1500Lux, 25℃ 4h 1500Lux, 22℃ 4h 1500Lux, and 20℃ 2h 1500Lux.

[0007] Preferably, the substrate comprises coarse coconut coir with a particle size of 20-40 mm and EC ≤ 1, fine coconut coir with a particle size of 0-20 mm and EC ≤ 1, peat moss with a particle size of 0-10 mm and pH 4.5-5.5, and perlite with a particle size of 3-6 mm. The coarse coconut coir is disinfected and mixed with a 500-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, piled up for 2-3 days, dried, and then placed in the lower layer of the flowerpot to a thickness of 8-10 cm. The fine coconut coir, peat moss, and perlite are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, disinfected and mixed with a 500-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, piled up for 1-2 days, and then spread on the upper layer of the flowerpot to a thickness of 3-4 cm with a humidity of 60-65%.

[0008] Preferably, in the greenhouse flowerpot transplanting step, the solvent in both the WPM culture medium stock solution and the diluted amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is water, the mass ratio of the WPM culture medium stock solution to water is 1:3 to 5, and the dilution ratio of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to water is 800 to 1000 times.

[0009] Preferably, in the greenhouse nutrient pot transplanting step, the solvent in both the WPM culture medium stock solution and the diluted amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is water, the mass ratio of the WPM culture medium stock solution to water is 1:2 to 3, and the dilution ratio of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to water is 500 to 800 times.

[0010] Preferably, the WPM culture medium stock solution comprises: 1240 mg / L calcium nitrate hydrate Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 400 mg / L ammonium nitrate NH4NO3, 190 mg / L potassium nitrate KNO3, 370 mg / L magnesium sulfate MgSO4·7H2O, 170 mg / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH2PO4; trace elements: 22.4 mg / L manganese sulfate MnSO4·H2O, 0.25 mg / L copper sulfate CuSO4·5H2O, 8.6 mg / L zinc sulfate ZnSO4·7H2O, 6.2 mg / L boric acid H3BO3, 0.25 mg / L sodium molybdate Na2MoO4·2H2O; iron salt: 73.4 mg / L ferric sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate C 10 H 13 FeN2NaO8; Organic components: 1.0 mg / L Vitamin B1, 0.5 mg / L Niacin, 100 mg / L Inositol, 0.5 mg / L Vitamin B6, 2.0 mg / L Glycine.

[0011] Preferably, the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer comprises: amino acid content ≥110 g / L, manganese ≥12 g / L, and zinc ≥12 g / L.

[0012] Preferably, the formulated soil is prepared by mixing peat moss with a particle size of 0-10 mm and a pH of 4.5-5.5 and coconut coir with a particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm in a mass ratio of 1:1; the formulated soil needs to be disinfected with 500 times diluted 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and then dried after being piled up for 2-3 days.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The technical solution provided by this invention uses 1% agar medium during the germination and rooting period to promote rooting. It is easy to operate and does not require operation on a clean bench. For seeds with long dormancy periods, they are transferred to 1% agar medium containing 200-400 ppm GA3. When the embryo reaches a length of 0.3-0.5 cm, they are transferred again to 1% agar medium to promote rooting without causing root rot.

[0014] 2. The technical solution provided by this invention avoids damage to the embryo during conventional germination and sowing when transplanting seedlings in greenhouse pots after root development. The bottom layer of the pot is filled with sterilized and dried coarse coconut coir, and the top layer is filled with a mixture of sterilized, moist, fine coconut coir, peat moss, and perlite in a specific ratio. This facilitates drainage and maintains suitable moisture levels. The pots are sealed with segmented plastic wrap, which helps retain water and allow for ventilation. Watering is not required during the cultivation period, greatly saving labor. After transplanting, the seedlings in nutrient pots are placed on seedling racks inside small arched sheds with open ends. Temperature and humidity can be adjusted according to seedling growth, while also improving the seedlings' ability to recover.

[0015] 3. The technical solution provided by this invention involves alternating spraying with diluted solutions of WPM culture medium stock solution and diluted solutions of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer at different concentrations according to the different growth stages of the seedlings. This helps regulate the water balance within the plant and improves the plant's resistance to adverse environments. It provides comprehensive nutrition and effectively promotes the growth of plant roots, stems, and leaves.

[0016] 4. In this invention, after pretreatment, seeds are evenly placed on 1% agar medium and then placed in an artificial climate chamber with 60% humidity and a fluctuating temperature of 16–25°C (16h: 1500 Lux; 8h: 0 Lux). Timely dark cultivation promotes seed germination and root development, achieving an average germination rate of 95.67% and an average root length of 3.65 ± 0.15 cm. Greenhouse transplanting seedlings achieve a 100% survival rate. Alternating dilutions of different concentrations of WPM medium stock solution and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer at different seedling stages significantly enhances seedling vigor and growth compared to conventional methods.

[0017] 5. The segmented seedling raising method for improving the survival rate of blueberry seedlings provided by this invention overcomes many drawbacks of conventional seedling raising, such as inconsistent emergence time, root rot, and weak seedlings. Compared with conventional seedling raising methods, it has the advantages of uniform seedlings, strong seedlings, and complete seedling formation. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The advantages and implementation methods of the present invention will become more apparent from this description. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and do not constitute any limitation on the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 The following are diagrams illustrating the germination and rooting process and culture medium transfer in Example 1 of this invention. In Figure a, sterilized seeds are evenly placed in 1% agar medium; in Figure b, seeds with white sprouts are transferred to a new 1% agar medium; in Figure c, seedlings are seen 15 days after transfer; and in Figure d, seedlings with 5-6 lateral roots and 2 cotyledons are seen 20-30 days after transfer. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples. These examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Example 1

[0020] This embodiment provides a segmented seedling raising method to improve the survival rate of blueberry seedlings, specifically including the following steps: (1) Seed pretreatment: Soak plump, viable seeds from the current year or old year in clean water for 2-4 hours, then disinfect them with 20% 84 disinfectant solution for 5 minutes, then immediately rinse them with distilled water 3-5 times, and then soak them in 50% carbendazim wettable powder solution (500 times dilution) for 1 minute before taking them out. (2) Culture medium for promoting budding and rooting: such as Figure 1 As shown in -a, the petri dish contains 1% agar medium. The sterilized seeds are evenly placed on the surface of the medium, with a spacing of about 1 cm between the seeds. After covering the petri dish, it is placed in a resealable bag and placed in an artificial climate chamber with a humidity of 60% and a temperature of 16-25℃ (24-hour temperature and light settings are: 16℃ 8h 0 Lux, 20℃ 2h 1500 Lux, 22℃ 4h 1500 Lux, 25℃ 4h 1500 Lux, 22℃ 4h 1500 Lux, 20℃ 2h 1500 Lux) for 15-20 days. (3) Culture medium transfer: such as Figure 1As shown in -b, transfer the seeds that have sprouted to a new 1% agar medium with a spacing of 1-1.5 cm between seedlings; for seeds with a long dormancy period that have not sprouted after 15-20 days, transfer them to a 1% agar medium containing 200 ppm GA3, and transfer them to a 1% agar medium again when the embryo reaches a length of 0.3-0.5 cm. (4) Greenhouse potted transplanting: such as Figure 1 As shown in -c and 1-d, after 20-30 days of transplanting, when the seedlings have grown 5-6 lateral roots and 2 cotyledons, transplant them into flowerpots filled with substrate, spacing the seedlings 1.5-2cm apart. Spray a small amount of 50% carbendazim wettable powder at a dilution of 500-800 times, and then seal the flowerpots with a perforated plastic wrap. Place the flowerpots on seedling racks in a fully enclosed small arched greenhouse (temperature 15-30℃, air humidity 90-100%). Ten days after transplanting, spray with a diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution (WPM stock solution to water mass ratio 1:5). Fourteen days later, spray with an 800-fold diluted solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer. Thereafter, every 14 days, alternate between spraying the diluted WPM culture medium stock solution and the diluted amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution in the above ratio, maintaining the same dilution ratio. The substrate moisture content should be maintained at 60-65%, and the watering frequency depends on the substrate moisture. The substrate includes coarse coconut coir with a particle size of 20-40mm and EC≤1, fine coconut coir with a particle size of 0-20mm and EC≤1, and fine coconut coir with a particle size of 0-10mm... The mixture consists of peat moss with a pH of 4.5–5.5 and perlite with a particle size of 3–6 mm; coarse coconut coir is disinfected and mixed with a 500-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, then piled up for 2–3 days, dried, and placed in the lower layer of flowerpots to a thickness of 8–10 cm; fine coconut coir, peat moss, and perlite are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, disinfected and mixed with a 500-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, piled up for 1–2 days, and then spread on the upper layer of flowerpots to a thickness of 3–4 cm with a humidity of 60–65%; the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer contains: amino acid content ≥110 g / L, manganese ≥12 g / L, and zinc ≥12 g / L.

[0021] The WPM culture medium stock solution comprises: 1240 mg / L calcium nitrate hydrate Ca(NO3)2·4H2O. 400 mg / L ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), 190 mg / L potassium nitrate (KNO3), 370 mg / L magnesium sulfate (MgSO4·7H2O), 170 mg / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4); Trace elements: 22.4 mg / L manganese sulfate (MnSO4·H2O), 0.25 mg / L copper sulfate (CuSO4·5H2O), 8.6 mg / L zinc sulfate (ZnSO4·7H2O), 6.2 mg / L boric acid (H3BO3), 0.25 mg / L sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4·2H2O); Iron salts: 73.4 mg / L ferric sodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate (C6O4). 10 H13 FeN2NaO8; Organic components: 1.0 mg / L Vitamin B1, 0.5 mg / L Niacin, 100 mg / L Inositol, 0.5 mg / L Vitamin B6, 2.0 mg / L Glycine.

[0022] (5) Transplanting in greenhouse seedling pots: When the seedlings grow to 4-5cm, partially open the plastic wrap of the sealed flower pot. After 7 days, fully open the plastic wrap. After another 7 days, transplant the seedlings into seedling pots (26cm x 21cm). The seedling pots contain formulated soil. This formulated soil is prepared by disinfecting and mixing with a 500-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, and then covering it with a compost for 2-3 days before drying. Water the formulated soil thoroughly and place it in a small arched shed with open ends on a greenhouse seedling rack (temperature 15-25℃, air humidity). The substrate moisture content should be maintained at 60-70%. Every 20 days, alternately spray with a diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution and a diluted solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer at a ratio of 500 times. The diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution is prepared by mixing WPM culture medium stock solution and water at a mass ratio of 1:2. The substrate moisture content should be maintained at 60-65%. The number of waterings depends on the substrate moisture content. The formulated soil is prepared by mixing peat moss with a particle size of 0-10 mm and a pH of 4.5-5.5 and coconut coir with a particle size of 0.5-1.5 mm in a volume ratio of 1:1.

[0023] (6) Seedling management: 60 days after transplanting, when the seedlings reach a height of 10-15cm, they can be hardened off. After hardening off for 10-15 days, they can be transplanted into nutrient pots (34cmX26cm) or planting pots (34cmX22cmX24cm). After the seedlings have recovered, fertilizer and water management should be carried out for the blueberry seedlings. Example 2

[0024] This embodiment also provides a segmented seedling raising method to improve the survival rate of blueberry seedlings. The specific method is the same as in Embodiment 1, except that: Culture medium transfer: Transfer the seeds that have sprouted to a new 1% agar medium with a spacing of 1-1.5 cm between seedlings; for seeds with a long dormancy period that have not sprouted after 15-20 days, transfer them to a 1% agar medium containing 300 ppm GA3. When the embryo reaches a length of 0.3-0.5 cm, transfer them to a 1% agar medium again.

[0025] Transplanting in greenhouse nutrient pots: Spray with a diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution and a diluted solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer at a ratio of 600 times. The diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution is prepared by mixing WPM culture medium stock solution and water at a mass ratio of 1:2. Seedling management: 50 days after transplanting, when the seedlings reach a height of 10cm, they can be hardened off. Example 3

[0026] This embodiment also provides a segmented seedling raising method to improve the survival rate of blueberry seedlings. The specific method is the same as in Embodiment 1, except that: Culture medium transfer: Transfer the seeds that have sprouted to a new 1% agar medium, with a spacing of 1-1.5 cm between seedlings; for seeds with a long dormancy period that have not sprouted after 15-20 days, transfer them to a 1% agar medium containing 400 ppm GA3, and when the embryo reaches a length of 0.3-0.5 cm, transfer them to a 1% agar medium again.

[0027] Transplanting in greenhouse nutrient pots: Spray with a diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution and a diluted solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer at a ratio of 700 times. The diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution is prepared with a mass ratio of WPM culture medium stock solution to water of 1:2.5. Seedling management: 55 days after transplanting, when the seedlings reach a height of 12cm, they can be hardened off. Example 4

[0028] This embodiment also provides a segmented seedling raising method to improve the survival rate of blueberry seedlings. The specific method is the same as in Embodiment 1, except that: Greenhouse pot transplanting: 20-30 days after transplanting, when the plant has grown 5-6 lateral roots and 2 cotyledons, transplant it into pots filled with substrate, spacing the seedlings 1.5-2cm apart. Spray a small amount of 50% carbendazim wettable powder at a dilution of 600 times, then seal the pots with a perforated plastic wrap and place them in a fully enclosed small arched shed on a greenhouse seedling rack (temperature 15-30℃, air humidity 90-100%). Ten days after transplanting, alternately spray with a diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution (WPM stock solution to water at a mass ratio of 1:4). Fourteen days later, spray with a 900-fold diluted solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer. Thereafter, every 14 days, alternately spray with a 900-fold diluted solution of amino acid water-soluble fertilizer and a 1:4 diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution. Maintain substrate moisture at 60-65%, and watering frequency depends on substrate moisture. The substrate includes coarse coconut coir with a particle size of 20-40 mm and EC ≤ 1, fine coconut coir with a particle size of 0-20 mm and EC ≤ 1, and fine coconut coir with a particle size of 0-10 mm. The mixture consists of peat moss with a pH of 4.5–5.5 and perlite with a particle size of 3–6 mm; coarse coconut coir is disinfected and mixed with a 500-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, then piled up for 2–3 days, dried, and placed in the lower layer of flowerpots to a thickness of 8–10 cm; fine coconut coir, peat moss, and perlite are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, disinfected and mixed with a 500-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, piled up for 1–2 days, and then spread on the upper layer of flowerpots to a thickness of 3–4 cm with a humidity of 60–65%; the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer contains: amino acid content ≥110 g / L, manganese ≥12 g / L, and zinc ≥12 g / L.

[0029] Transplanting in greenhouse nutrient pots: Spray with a diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution and a diluted solution of 800 times amino acid water-soluble fertilizer. The diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution is prepared with a mass ratio of WPM culture medium stock solution to water of 1:3. Seedling management: 60 days after transplanting, when the seedlings reach a height of 14cm (inclusive) or above, they can be hardened off. Example 5

[0030] This embodiment also provides a segmented seedling raising method to improve the survival rate of blueberry seedlings. The specific method is the same as in Embodiment 1, except that: Greenhouse pot transplanting: 20-30 days after transplanting, when the seedlings have developed 5-6 lateral roots and 2 cotyledons, transplant them into pots filled with substrate, spacing them 1.5-2 cm apart. Spray a small amount of 50% carbendazim wettable powder at a 700-fold dilution, then seal the pots with a perforated plastic wrap. Place the pots in a fully enclosed small arched shed on a greenhouse seedling rack (temperature 15-30℃, humidity 90-100%). 10 days after transplanting, spray with a diluted WPM culture medium stock solution (WPM stock solution to water in a 1:3 mass ratio). 14 days later, spray with a 1000-fold diluted amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution. Repeat this process every 14 days, alternating between the 1000-fold diluted amino acid water-soluble fertilizer solution and the 1:3 diluted WPM culture medium stock solution. Maintain substrate humidity at 60-65%, and watering frequency depends on substrate humidity.

[0031] The substrate comprises coarse coconut coir with a particle size of 20-40 mm and EC ≤ 1, fine coconut coir with a particle size of 0-20 mm and EC ≤ 1, peat moss with a particle size of 0-10 mm and pH 4.5-5.5, and perlite with a particle size of 3-6 mm. The coarse coconut coir is disinfected and mixed with a 500-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, piled up for 2-3 days, dried, and then placed in the lower layer of the flowerpot to a thickness of 8-10 cm. The fine coconut coir, peat moss, and perlite are mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1:1, disinfected and mixed with a 500-fold dilution of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, piled up for 1-2 days, and then spread on the upper layer of the flowerpot to a thickness of 3-4 cm with a humidity of 60-65%. The amino acid water-soluble fertilizer contains: amino acid content ≥ 110 g / L, manganese ≥ 12 g / L, and zinc ≥ 12 g / L.

[0032] Transplanting in greenhouse nutrient pots: Spray with a diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution and a diluted solution of 800 times amino acid water-soluble fertilizer. The diluted solution of WPM culture medium stock solution is prepared by a mass ratio of WPM culture medium stock solution to water of 1:3.

[0033] Seedling management: 60 days after transplanting, when the seedlings reach a height of 15cm (inclusive) or more, they can be hardened off.

[0034] Comparative Example 1 Disinfect the seeds with 20% 84 disinfectant solution for 5 minutes, then immediately rinse with distilled water 3-5 times. Soak them in a 500x dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 1 minute, then remove and place them in a petri dish lined with damp filter paper. Place the petri dish in an artificial climate chamber with 60% humidity and a fluctuating temperature of 16-22℃ (22℃ 16h 1500Lux, 16℃ 8h 0Lux) to promote germination. Once the seeds show signs of germination, sow them directly in flowerpots containing substrate. Spray again with a small amount of 500x dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, then seal the flowerpots with regular plastic wrap. The substrate consists of a 12cm thick layer of fine coconut coir (0-20mm particle size, EC≤1) and peat moss (0-10mm particle size, pH 4.5-5.5) at a 1:1 volume ratio, or entirely composed of fine coconut coir (0-20mm particle size, EC≤1). Place the flowerpots in a fully enclosed small arched shed on the greenhouse seedling rack. After 30 days, spray with 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer every 7-10 days. When the seedlings grow to 10-15cm, transplant them into nutrient pots (26cm x 21cm) and place them in a small arched shed with open ends on the greenhouse seedling rack. Spray with 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer every 20 days. The substrate moisture should be maintained at 60-65%. The number of waterings depends on the substrate moisture.

[0035] Comparative Example 2 The segmented seedling raising method used in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1, except that: Greenhouse pot transplanting: 20-30 days after transplanting, when the plant has developed 5-6 lateral roots and 2 cotyledons, transplant it into a 12cm thick layer of fine coconut coir (0-20mm particle size, EC≤1) with a moisture content of 60-65%. Spray again with a small amount of 50% carbendazim wettable powder diluted 500 times, then seal the pot with regular plastic wrap. Place the pot in a fully enclosed small arched shed on a greenhouse seedling rack. 20-25 days after transplanting, spray with 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer every 7-10 days, maintaining a substrate moisture content of 60-65%.

[0036] Greenhouse seedling transplanting in nutrient pots: After transplanting the seedlings into nutrient pots (26cm x 21cm), place them in a small arched shed with open ends on a greenhouse seedling rack. Spray foliar fertilizer of 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 20 days. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1. Comparative Example 3 The segmented seedling raising method used in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1, except that: Greenhouse pot transplanting: 20-30 days after transplanting, when the plant has developed 5-6 lateral roots and 2 cotyledons, transplant it into a pot containing a 12cm thick mixture of fine coconut coir (0-20mm particle size, EC≤1) and peat moss (0-10mm particle size, pH 4.5-5.5) in a 1:1 volume ratio, maintaining a moisture content of 60-65%. Spray again with a small amount of 50% carbendazim wettable powder diluted 500 times, then seal the pot with regular plastic wrap. Place the pot in a fully enclosed small arched shed on a greenhouse seedling rack. After 30 days, spray with 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer every 7-10 days, maintaining a substrate moisture content of 60-65%.

[0037] Transplanting in greenhouse seedling pots: After transplanting the seedlings into seedling pots (26cm x 21cm), place them in a small arched shed with open ends on a greenhouse seedling rack. Spray 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer every 20 days. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0038] Comparative Example 4 The segmented seedling raising method used in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 1, except that: Greenhouse pot transplanting: 20-30 days after transplanting, when the plant has developed 5-6 lateral roots and 2 cotyledons, transplant it into pots containing a 12cm thick mixture of fine coconut coir (0-20mm particle size, EC≤1) and peat moss (0-10mm particle size, pH 4.5-5.5) at a 1:1 volume ratio, or entirely fine coconut coir (0-20mm particle size, EC≤1). Spray again with a small amount of 50% carbendazim wettable powder diluted 500 times. Place the pots in a fully enclosed small arched shed on a greenhouse seedling rack. After 30 days, spray with clean water to maintain humidity, keeping the substrate moisture content at 60-65%.

[0039] Greenhouse seedling transplanting in nutrient pots: After transplanting the seedlings into nutrient pots (26cm x 21cm), place them in the small arched shed with open ends on the greenhouse seedling rack, spray with clean water to keep them moist, and the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0040] The seedling condition, germination rate, and seedling survival rate of blueberry seedlings cultivated in Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1. Seedling condition, germination rate, and seedling survival rate of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3

[0041] Note: Germination rate (%) = number of germinated seeds / total number of pre-germinated seeds × 100%, the total number of pre-germinated seeds is 100, 3 replicates; Seedling survival rate (%) = number of seedlings / number of germinated seeds × 100%; different lowercase letters indicate that the difference between different treatments reached a significant level ( P<0.05).

[0042] The above examples demonstrate that using existing seedling cultivation methods with pre-germination and sowing techniques (such as Comparative Example 1) results in a germination rate of only 49.41% and a seedling survival rate of 44.18%. Seeds are prone to germination damage during sowing after they have sprouted, and directly sowing sprouted seeds in a substrate consisting entirely of coconut coir or a mixture of coconut coir and peat moss, under conventional plastic film sealing, leads to excessive moisture retention and high humidity, easily causing sprout rot and moss growth, thus affecting both germination and seedling survival rates. Furthermore, after emergence, conventional management, including foliar spraying with 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate every 7-10 days and spraying with water for the remaining time to maintain humidity, resulted in slow seedling growth and significantly weaker growth vigor compared to Examples 1-5. Comparative Examples 2, 3, and 4, except for the use of fine coconut coir or a 1:1 volume ratio of fine coconut coir and peat moss as the substrate during greenhouse pot transplanting, and the application of 0.1-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer every 7-10 days, with the remaining time spent on water for moisturizing cultivation, or the entire seedling process only sprayed with water, achieved seedling survival rates of only 46.23%, 45.56%, and 48.25%, respectively, and their growth vigor was significantly lower than that of Examples 1-5.

[0043] To achieve breakthroughs in ensuring uniform and robust seedling emergence, and improving seed germination and emergence rates, this invention not only involves germinating and rooting seeds in an agar medium but also, for seeds with long dormancy periods, adding GA3 to accelerate germination and rooting, thereby significantly increasing the germination rate. This invention achieves the following significant benefits: First, seeds are germinated and rooted in a 1% agar medium before transplanting into greenhouse pots. This eliminates the need for sterilization, simplifies the process, reduces the risk of microbial growth, and facilitates seed adhesion to the medium during root development, promoting root growth and minimizing root damage during transplanting. This fundamentally solves the problems of root damage and uneven emergence caused by direct sowing after the seed coat has emerged. Secondly, this invention does not impose a strict requirement for seeds to be sown immediately after harvesting; as long as the seeds are viable, they can be used for seedling cultivation, greatly reducing seedling costs. Transplanting after seedling emergence is also unaffected by the season. Thirdly, the seedling cultivation process of this invention is divided into four stages, which is simple to operate, easy to master, and convenient for large-scale promotion. Fourthly, this invention can appropriately promote germination of seeds with long dormancy periods, achieving uniform seedling emergence. Simultaneously, for particularly small seeds, germination through a culture medium can improve the germination rate and also serve the purpose of seedling cultivation. Furthermore, the use of greenhouse pot transplanting and greenhouse nutrient pot transplanting using a "seedling rack + small arched shed" system, along with alternating use of diluted WPM culture medium stock solution and diluted amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, overcomes many drawbacks of conventional seedling cultivation, such as inconsistent emergence time, root rot, and weak seedlings. Fifthly, compared with conventional seedling cultivation methods, this invention has the advantages of uniform seedling emergence, strong seedlings, and complete seedling emergence.

[0044] The above description illustrates preferred embodiments of the present invention. Contents not described herein utilize existing technology, and those skilled in the art can implement the present invention in various modifications without departing from its scope and essence. For example, a feature shown or described in one embodiment can be used in another embodiment to obtain yet another embodiment. The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes made based on the content of this specification are included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the survival rate of seedling raising of blueberry seeds, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Seed pretreatment: full and active seeds are soaked in clean water for 2-4 hours, then disinfected with 84 disinfectant for 5 minutes, then washed with distilled water for 3-5 times, then soaked in 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times liquid for 1 minute, then taken out; Culture medium germination and rooting: the disinfected seeds are evenly placed on the surface of 1% agar culture medium, then sealed, and then placed in a variable temperature artificial climate box with a humidity of 60% and a temperature of 16-25 DEG C for 15-20 days; Culture medium transfer: the seeds with white spots are transferred to new 1% agar culture medium; the seeds in long dormancy period which still have no white spots after 15-20 days are transferred to 1% agar culture medium containing 200-400 ppm GA3, and then transferred to new 1% agar culture medium when the embryo grows to 0.3-0.5 cm; Greenhouse pot transplanting: after the transfer, when 5-6 lateral roots and 2 cotyledons grow, the seedlings are transplanted into pots filled with substrate, then a little 50% carbendazim wettable powder 500-800 times liquid is sprayed, then the pot is sealed with a porous fresh-keeping film, and then the pot is placed in a sealed small arched shed in the greenhouse; after 10 days, WPM culture medium mother liquor diluent is sprayed, then every 14 days, amino acid water-soluble fertilizer diluent and WPM culture medium mother liquor diluent are alternately sprayed; Greenhouse nutrient bowl transplanting: when the seedlings grow to 4-5 cm, the fresh-keeping film is half opened, then after 7 days, the fresh-keeping film is fully opened, then after another 7 days, the seedlings are transplanted into nutrient bowls filled with formula soil, then the nutrient bowls are placed in small arched sheds with both ends open, and then every 20 days, WPM culture medium mother liquor diluent and amino acid water-soluble fertilizer diluent are alternately sprayed; Seedling management: when the seedlings grow to 10-15 cm, the seedlings are hardened, then after 10-15 days, the seedlings are transplanted, and then after the seedlings recover, the blueberry seedlings are managed by fertilization and watering.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, The 24h temperature and light settings of the variable temperature artificial climate box are as follows: 16 DEG C 8h 0Lux, 20 DEG C 2h 1500Lux, 22 DEG C 4h 1500Lux, 25 DEG C 4h 1500Lux, 22 DEG C 4h 1500Lux, 20 DEG C 2h 1500Lux.

3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, The substrate comprises coarse coconut dregs with a particle size of 20-40 mm and EC≤1, fine coconut dregs with a particle size of 0-20 mm and EC≤1, grass carbon with a particle size of 0-10 mm and pH 4.5-5.5, and perlite with a particle size of 3-6 mm; the coarse coconut dregs are disinfected by mixing with 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 500 times liquid, then piled for 2-3 days, then dried, then placed in the lower layer of the pot with a thickness of 8-10 mm; the fine coconut dregs, the grass carbon and the perlite are mixed according to a volume ratio of 1:1:1, then disinfected by mixing with 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 500 times liquid, then piled for 1-2 days, then placed in the upper layer of the pot with a thickness of 3-4 cm and a humidity of 60-65%.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a segmented seedling raising method for increasing the survival rate of seedlings of Vaccinium vitis-idaea. In the greenhouse pot transplanting step, the solvents in the WPM culture medium mother liquor and the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer diluent are water, the mass ratio of the WPM culture medium mother liquor to water is 1:3-5, and the dilution ratio of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to water is 800-1000 times.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In the greenhouse nutrient pot transplanting step, the solvent in the WPM medium mother liquor and the diluent of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is water, the mass ratio of the WPM medium mother liquor to water is 1:2-3, and the dilution ratio of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer to water is 500-800 times.

6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a method for improving the survival rate of seedlings of Vaccinium vitis-idaea by a segmented seedling raising method. The components of the WPM medium mother liquor include: 1240 mg / L hydrated calcium nitrate Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, 400 mg / L ammonium nitrate NH4NO3, 190 mg / L potassium nitrate KNO3, 370 mg / L magnesium sulfate MgSO4·7H2O, 170 mg / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH2PO4; trace elements: 22.4 mg / L manganese sulfate MnSO4·H2O, 0.25 mg / L copper sulfate CuSO4·5H2O, 8.6 mg / L zinc sulfate ZnSO4·7H2O, 6.2 mg / L boric acid H3BO3, 0.25 mg / L sodium molybdate Na2MoO4·2H2O; iron salt: 73.4 mg / L sodium iron ethylenediaminetetraacetate C 10 H 13 FeN2NaO8; organic components: 1.0 mg / L vitamin B1, 0.5 mg / L nicotinic acid, 100 mg / L inositol, 0.5 mg / L vitamin B6, 2.0 mg / L glycine.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a segmented seedling raising method for increasing the survival rate of seedlings of Vaccinium vitis-idaea. The components of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer include: amino acid content ≥ 110 g / L, manganese ≥ 12 g / L, and zinc ≥ 12 g / L.

8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method is a method for improving the survival rate of seedlings of Vaccinium vitis-idaea, characterized by, The formula soil is prepared by mixing 0-10 mm grass carbon with a pH of 4.5-5.5 and 0.5-1.5 mm coconut husk at a mass ratio of 1:1; the formula soil needs to be disinfected with 500 times of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and then piled up for 2-3 days before being dried.

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