Mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash

Abstract

The invention discloses a mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash, and belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil repairing equipment, the mixing device comprises a mixing cylinder used for mixing raw materials, the inner wall of the top of the mixing cylinder is rotatably connected with a stirring shaft, the bottom end of the stirring shaft is provided with a conveying cavity, and the conveying cavity is internally rotatably connected with a spiral conveying shaft through a bearing; the top end of the spiral conveying shaft rotationally penetrates through the top end of the stirring shaft and rotationally extends to the position above the mixing barrel, and a motor used for driving the spiral conveying shaft to rotate is fixed to the top of the mixing barrel; raw material crushing and sieve pore size adjustment are achieved through the material screening structure, and the raw material adaptability is improved; a plurality of groups of mixing structures are used for multi-stage stirring and are matched with vibration and compressed gas blowing to fully mix the raw materials and avoid agglomeration; the spiral conveying shaft and the stirring shaft rotate reversely, and the mixing effect is improved through repeated stirring; the exhaust pipe ventilation and filter screen knocking design ensures safe operation of the device and prolongs the service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali land remediation equipment, and in particular relates to a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash. Background Technology

[0002] Saline-alkali land is a type of land where excessive surface salt content inhibits or even prevents crop growth. Its improvement and restoration are crucial for enhancing land utilization, ensuring agricultural production, and improving the ecological environment. Fly ash, a solid waste generated during industrial processes such as thermal power generation, contains elements like silicon and aluminum and has a certain porous structure. It can effectively improve the soil structure of saline-alkali land, reduce soil salinity, and simultaneously achieve resource utilization of waste, making it one of the important raw materials for saline-alkali land restoration.

[0003] In practical applications of fly ash for saline-alkali land remediation, fly ash needs to be mixed evenly with organic matter, chemical amendments, and other raw materials in a certain proportion before being applied to the surface of the saline-alkali land or tilled into the soil. The mixing effect directly affects the remediation efficiency of saline-alkali land. If the mixing is uneven, it will lead to poor local soil improvement, resulting in over- or under-improvement, which in turn affects crop growth. Therefore, the mixing device is a key piece of equipment in the implementation of fly ash technology for saline-alkali land remediation.

[0004] Existing equipment for mixing fly ash with modified raw materials has many shortcomings: 1. Poor adaptability of raw material screening: Fly ash and organic raw materials often contain agglomerated or large-particle impurities. Existing equipment lacks effective crushing and adjustable screening structures, and cannot adjust the screening accuracy according to the particle size requirements of the raw materials. This results in uncrushed agglomerated raw materials entering the mixing stage, affecting the uniformity of mixing. 2. Insufficient mixing stages, mostly single-stage mixing, raw materials are discharged after only one mixing, making it difficult for fly ash to fully contact with organic matter and amendments, resulting in poor mixing effect; 3. Raw materials are prone to agglomeration. Fly ash itself has a certain agglomeration characteristic and is prone to forming small agglomerates during the mixing process. Existing equipment lacks a targeted dispersing structure, and the agglomerates cannot be effectively dispersed, further reducing the mixing quality. 4. Operational safety needs to be improved. Fly ash easily generates dust during the mixing process. If ventilation is not good, dust accumulation or even explosion risk may occur. In addition, the filter screen of the ventilation opening is easily blocked by dust, affecting the ventilation effect. The existing equipment lacks effective dust control and filter cleaning structure.

[0005] To address the problems existing in the above-mentioned technologies, there is an urgent need to develop a mixing device based on fly ash for saline-alkali land remediation. This device should possess adjustable screening and crushing, multi-stage mixing, agglomerate dispersion, flexible movement, dust control, and efficient transmission characteristics. This would improve the uniformity of raw material mixing, ensure operational safety, reduce remediation costs, and promote the efficient application of fly ash in saline-alkali land remediation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, in order to solve the problems of poor screening adaptability, insufficient mixing levels, easy agglomeration of raw materials and the risk of dust explosion caused by poor ventilation, the present invention provides a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash, comprising a mixing cylinder for mixing raw materials, a stirring shaft rotatably connected to the top inner wall of the mixing cylinder, a conveying chamber provided at the bottom end of the stirring shaft, a spiral conveying shaft rotatably connected to the conveying chamber via a bearing, the top end of the spiral conveying shaft rotatably penetrating the top end of the stirring shaft and rotatably extending to the top of the mixing cylinder, and a motor for driving the spiral conveying shaft to rotate fixed at the top of the mixing cylinder; A screening cylinder is fixed to the top inner wall of the mixing cylinder, and a feed hopper is fixedly inserted through the top of the mixing cylinder. The bottom end of the feed hopper extends into the screening cylinder. The top end of the stirring shaft rotates through the screening cylinder. The screening cylinder is equipped with a sieve structure for crushing and screening raw materials. The sieve structure includes multiple crushing rods and multiple sets of sieve holes. It also includes multiple sets of mixing structures arranged vertically for multi-stage mixing of raw materials screened from the screening structure, and the mixing structures are located below the screening cylinder; Furthermore, the mixing structure includes a first stirring part and a second stirring part, with the first stirring part located above the second stirring part. The first stirring part includes a concave disk fixed inside the mixing cylinder and located below the screening cylinder. The second stirring part includes a convex disk rotatably sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring shaft and located below the concave disk. A plurality of L-shaped rods I are welded and fixed to the top of the convex disk, and the plurality of L-shaped rods I are all fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mixing cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the screening structure also includes a rotating ring that rotates on the outer wall of the screening cylinder. The bottom inner wall of the screening cylinder is conical and protruding, used to discharge raw materials to the edge. The crushing rod is bent and used to cooperate with the bottom inner wall of the screening cylinder to crush the raw materials. Multiple crushing rods are fixed to the outer wall of the stirring shaft. Multiple teeth I are fixed to the top, bottom, and one side of the crushing rod. When the stirring shaft drives the crushing rod to rotate, the tearing force generated by the rotation of the teeth I can effectively crush the raw materials, which facilitates the full mixing of fly ash, organic matter, and amendments in the raw materials in the later stage. Multiple sets of screen hole groups are arranged in a ring along the radial direction of the screening cylinder. The screen hole group consists of multiple screen holes arranged along the axis of the screening cylinder, used to discharge the crushed raw materials through the screen holes. Multiple baffles are fixed to the bottom of the rotating ring. The baffles cooperate with the screen hole group. The size of the screen holes can be adjusted by the rotating ring driving the baffles to rotate, thereby adapting to raw materials with different particle sizes.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the mixing cylinder is provided with an arc-shaped hole, and a pin rod fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring passes through the arc-shaped hole. An electric push rod I is fixed to the top of the mixing cylinder through the frame. A push plate is fixed to the output shaft of the electric push rod I, and one side of the push plate is slidably connected to the pin rod. This is used to push the push plate to move through the electric push rod I, thereby enabling the pin rod to slide along the arc-shaped hole, thereby adjusting the angle of the rotating ring and the baffle plate and changing the size of the screen hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the first stirring unit also includes multiple stirring rods I. The bottom end of the stirring shaft penetrates the concave disk. A feed hole is formed between the inner wall of the concave disk and the outer wall of the stirring shaft for discharging the raw material on the concave disk downwards through the feed hole. The ends of the multiple stirring rods I that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring shaft for driving the stirring rods I to rotate. The top of the concave disk is concave to guide the raw material towards the center. The stirring rods I are inclined to fit the concave surface of the concave disk. The bottom of each of the multiple stirring rods I is fixed with multiple teeth II for stirring. When rod I rotates, it can stir the raw materials on the concave plate, and the tearing force generated by teeth II can fully stir the raw materials, so that fly ash, organic matter, and modifiers are mixed. Multiple hemispheres I are fixed at the bottom of the concave plate, and multiple striking rods I are fixed on the outer wall of the stirring shaft. The striking rods I are located below the concave plate and cooperate with the hemispheres I. When the striking rods I rotate, they can strike the concave plate through the hemispheres I, so that the raw materials on the concave plate can be gathered towards the center and discharged through the feed hole. In addition, the vibration of the concave plate can also disperse the agglomerated fly ash and mix it with organic matter and modifiers.

[0011] Furthermore, the second stirring section also includes multiple stirring rods II, with one end of each stirring rod II fixedly connected to the outer wall of the stirring shaft. An annular discharge groove is formed between the outer wall of the convex disc and the inner wall of the mixing cylinder, for receiving raw materials discharged from the feed hole and discharging them downwards through the annular discharge groove. The top of the convex disc is convex, used to guide the raw materials towards the annular discharge groove. The stirring rods II are inclined and cooperate with the top of the convex disc, used to stir the raw materials at the top of the convex disc. Multiple teeth III are fixed to the bottom of the stirring rods II to increase the stirring effect on the raw materials. The agglomerated fly ash is broken up. Multiple hemispherical bodies II are fixed to the bottom of the convex disc. Multiple striking rods II located below the convex disc are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring shaft. The striking rods II cooperate with the hemispherical bodies II to drive the convex disc to vibrate. This not only disperses the fly ash but also discharges the raw materials to the edge. An L-shaped rod II is fixed to the end of the striking rod II away from the stirring shaft. An arc-shaped striking hammer is fixed to the top of the L-shaped rod II. The arc-shaped striking hammer slides in the annular discharge trough to further disperse the raw materials discharged from the annular discharge trough, which facilitates the thorough mixing of fly ash with organic matter and amendments in the later stage.

[0012] Furthermore, an arc-shaped material guide plate is fixed to one end of the stirring rod II away from the stirring shaft. The arc-shaped material guide plate slides against the top of the convex disk and is placed at an angle. When the stirring rod II drives the arc-shaped material guide plate to rotate, it can guide the raw material located at the edge of the convex disk towards the stirring shaft, so that the raw material can be repeatedly dispersed and stirred by the stirring rod II, thereby improving the mixing effect.

[0013] Furthermore, an annular tube is fixed to the inner wall of the mixing cylinder by a fixing column, and the top of the annular tube is provided with multiple exhaust holes. An air injection pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the annular tube, and one end of the air injection pipe is fixedly extended to the outside of the mixing cylinder and connected to an external compressed air pump for injecting compressed gas into the annular tube. The annular tube is located below the convex plate in the lowest mixing structure. The exhaust holes of the annular tube cooperate with the annular discharge trough for blowing away the raw materials discharged from the annular discharge trough with compressed gas to avoid fly ash agglomeration affecting subsequent mixing operations. A bending rod located below the annular tube is fixed to the outer wall of the stirring shaft, and a stirring plate that fits against the inner wall of the mixing cylinder is fixed to the bottom of the bending rod for further stirring of the raw materials.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the stirring shaft is provided with multiple discharge holes communicating with the conveying chamber. The bottom end of the screw conveyor shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the mixing cylinder, and the discharge holes cooperate with the screw conveyor shaft to convey the raw material at the bottom of the mixing cylinder upward and discharge it through the discharge holes, so that the raw material can be repeatedly stirred and mixed. The outer wall of the stirring shaft is fitted with a guide plate located below the discharge holes. Multiple fixed cylinders are fixed at the bottom of the screening cylinder, and connecting rods are slidably connected inside each of the multiple fixed cylinders. The top inner wall of the fixed cylinder is connected to the top end of the connecting rod. Each part is fixed with a tension spring via a spring seat. Multiple magnets II are fixedly embedded at the bottom of the guide plate. Magnets I are fixed at the top of the uppermost stirring rod I. Magnets I and II generate magnetic attraction. When the stirring rod I drives the magnets I to rotate, the magnetic attraction between the magnets I and II drives the guide plate to move downward. After the magnets I and II are misaligned, the guide plate moves upward under the tension of the tension spring, thereby driving the guide plate to vibrate up and down to disperse the raw materials, which facilitates the subsequent mixing operation. The guide plate is conical in shape.

[0015] Furthermore, the top inner wall of the mixing cylinder is provided with a circular groove located above the stirring shaft. The top inner wall of the circular groove is rotatably connected to a gear II via a shaft. The outer wall of the spiral conveying shaft is fixedly fitted with a gear I located in the circular groove. The gear I meshes with the gear II. The top end of the stirring shaft is fixed with an internal gear ring located in the circular groove, and the internal gear ring meshes with the gear II. When the motor drives the spiral conveying shaft to rotate, the action of the gear II enables the stirring shaft and the spiral conveying shaft to rotate in opposite directions, thereby causing the spiral conveying shaft to transport the raw materials at the bottom upwards for mixing and stirring again.

[0016] Furthermore, both sides of the mixing cylinder are fixedly connected to exhaust pipes, both of which are L-shaped to ventilate the mixing cylinder and prevent dust explosions. Filter screens are fixed to the ends of the two exhaust pipes that are close to each other to filter dust during ventilation. A movable frame is slidably connected to the top outer wall of the mixing cylinder. Both ends of the movable frame are fixed with sealing plates, which alternately seal the tops of the two exhaust pipes. Two movable sleeves are fixed to the bottom of the movable frame, slidingly fitted onto the outer walls of the corresponding exhaust pipes. Sliding rods are fixed to the bottom ends of the two movable sleeves, with their ends extending into the mixing cylinder in a sealed manner. Each sliding rod has a rectangular groove, within which a rotating shaft is fixed. A rotating rod is rotatably fitted onto the outer wall of the rotating shaft, and a striking ball is fixed to one side of the rotating rod. The striking ball cooperates with the corresponding filter screen, causing the movable frame to drive the sealing plate to close the corresponding exhaust pipe. During exhaust pipe operation, the dust adhering to the corresponding filter screen is shaken off by a striking ball. Two torsion springs are sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft. The ends of the two torsion springs that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the rotating rod, and the ends that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the corresponding rectangular groove. This is used to drive the rotating rod to reset and rotate after the striking ball strikes the filter screen. A limit strip is fixed in the rectangular groove to limit the rotation of the rotating rod and prevent it from rotating excessively under the action of the torsion spring. A fixed ball is fixed to the top of the uppermost stirring rod I, and the fixed ball cooperates with the bottom end of the rotating rod. This is used to drive the rotating rod to rotate and overcome the torsion force of the torsion spring to drive the striking ball to strike the filter screen. An electric push rod II is fixed to the top outer wall of the mixing cylinder through the frame. The output shaft of the electric push rod II is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the moving frame. This is used to drive the two sealing plates to alternately seal the corresponding exhaust pipe, and at the same time, it can also make the corresponding rotating rod cooperate with the fixed ball to strike the filter screen at one end of the sealed exhaust pipe.

[0017] The embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects: 1. By setting up a multi-stage mixing structure, which includes a first mixing section and a second mixing section, the raw materials are first initially mixed in the first mixing section, and then deeply mixed in the second mixing section. At the same time, the crushing action of the crushing rod, the vibration action of the concave and convex discs, the up and down vibration action of the guide disc, the dispersing action of the arc-shaped hammer, and the airflow dispersing action of the annular pipe can effectively break up the lumps and agglomerates in the raw materials, so that the fly ash, organic matter and amendments can fully contact and mix evenly, ensuring the remediation effect of saline-alkali land. 2. The rotating ring is driven to rotate by the electric push rod I through the rotatable baffle plate, which drives the baffle plate to adjust the effective aperture size of the screen holes, so as to meet the requirements of raw material particle size in different saline-alkali land remediation scenarios and expand the applicability of the device. At the same time, the teeth I on the crushing rod can effectively crush the agglomerates in the raw materials, improve the screening efficiency and screening effect. 3. The circulating conveying mechanism, consisting of a screw conveyor shaft, conveying chamber, and discharge hole, works in conjunction with a gear-driven stirring shaft that rotates in the opposite direction to the screw conveyor shaft. This allows the raw materials at the bottom of the mixing drum to be conveyed upwards to the top of the multi-stage mixing mechanism, enabling repeated circulating mixing of the raw materials. This further improves the uniformity of mixing and avoids the problem of insufficient mixing of raw materials leading to poor local repair effects. 4. By setting up an L-shaped exhaust pipe, ventilation is achieved inside the mixing drum, reducing dust concentration and preventing dust explosions. The filter screen inside the exhaust pipe can filter dust and prevent dust from being emitted to the outside and causing pollution. At the same time, an automatic filter cleaning mechanism is set up. The electric push rod II drives the sealing plate to alternately close the exhaust pipe. With the help of the fixed ball, rotating rod, tapping ball and torsion spring, the filter screen is automatically tapped and cleaned, avoiding filter screen blockage that affects ventilation and filtration effect, and ensuring operational safety and environmental quality.

[0018] This invention achieves raw material crushing and sieve aperture size adjustment through a sieve structure, improving raw material adaptability; multi-stage mixing structure with vibration and compressed gas dispersion fully mixes raw materials and avoids agglomeration; the screw conveyor shaft and the mixing shaft rotate in opposite directions, repeatedly stirring to improve the mixing effect; the exhaust pipe ventilation and filter screen knocking design ensure safe operation of the device and extend its service life.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the mixing cylinder of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the screening cylinder and rotating ring of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the shielding plate, screening cylinder, and pin rod of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the mixing shaft and screw conveyor shaft of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the concave disc, convex disc, and guide disc of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the concave disc, stirring rod I, and striking rod I of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the convex disc, stirring rod II, and striking rod II of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional exploded structural diagram of the convex disc, annular pipe, and stirring plate of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 10 This is a partial three-dimensional exploded cross-sectional view of the mixing shaft, guide plate, and screw conveyor shaft of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the moving frame, exhaust pipe, and stirring rod I of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional exploded view of the filter screen, rotating rod, and sliding rod of a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash according to the present invention. Figure 13 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of the structure of part A in the middle.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Mixing cylinder; 2. Moving frame; 3. Support leg; 4. Traction frame; 5. Feed hopper; 6. Stirring shaft; 7. Conveying chamber; 8. Screw conveyor shaft; 9. Gear I; 10. Gear II; 11. Internal gear ring; 12. Screening cylinder; 13. Screen hole; 14. Rotating ring; 15. Baffle plate; 16. Electric push rod I; 17. Push plate; 18. Pin rod; 19. Crushing rod; 20. Tooth I; 21. Concave plate; 22. Stirring rod I; 23. Tooth II; 24. Feed hole; 25. Striking rod I; 26. Hemisphere I; 27. Convex plate; 28. L-shaped rod I; 29. ​​Stirring rod II; 30. Tooth III; 31. Arc-shaped 32. Feeding plate; 33. Annular discharge trough; 34. Striking rod II; 35. Arc-shaped striking hammer; 36. L-shaped rod II; 37. Annular tube; 38. Bending rod; 39. Mixing plate; 40. Discharge hole; 41. Fixed cylinder; 42. Tension spring; 43. Connecting rod; 44. Guide plate; 45. Magnet I; 46. Magnet II; 47. Fixed ball; 48. Exhaust pipe; 49. Filter screen; 50. Moving frame; 51. Electric push rod II; 52. Sealing plate; 53. Moving sleeve rod; 54. Sliding rod; 55. Rectangular groove; 56. Rotating shaft; 57. Torsion spring; 58. Rotating rod; 59. Striking ball; 60. Limiting strip; Detailed Implementation

[0022] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0023] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-12 This embodiment provides a mixing device for remediating saline-alkali land based on fly ash, which mainly consists of a mixing cylinder 1, a moving mechanism, a driving mechanism, a screening mechanism, a multi-stage mixing mechanism, a circulating conveying mechanism, a vibration dispersing mechanism, a dust control mechanism, and a cleaning mechanism. The moving mechanism is used to enable flexible movement of the entire device, the driving mechanism provides power for screening, mixing, conveying, and cleaning, the screening mechanism crushes and adjusts the screening of raw materials, the multi-stage mixing mechanism completes the thorough mixing of raw materials at each stage, the circulating conveying mechanism enables repeated mixing of raw materials to improve uniformity, the vibration dispersing mechanism is used to break up raw material agglomerates, the dust control mechanism ensures the safety of the working environment, and the cleaning mechanism enables automatic cleaning of the filter screen 48.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 The mixing drum 1 has a cylindrical structure. A movable frame 2 is fixed to the outer wall of the mixing drum 1. Three support legs 3 are welded to the bottom of the movable frame 2, and the three support legs 3 are distributed in triangular positions at the bottom of the movable frame 2. The support legs 3 are made of cylindrical steel pipes, and all four support legs 3 are fixedly equipped with casters. The casters are rubber casters with braking function to ensure that the device can still move stably after loading raw materials. The braking function can fix the device in a designated position during operation to prevent displacement. A traction frame 4 is welded to one side of the movable frame 2, which is used to connect with external mechanical equipment such as tractors or loaders through bolts to realize the traction movement of the device and to pull the mixing drum 1 to the designated location for saline-alkali land remediation.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 10A stirring shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the top inner wall of the mixing cylinder 1, and the axis of the stirring shaft 6 coincides with the central axis of the mixing cylinder 1. A conveying chamber 7 is located at the bottom end of the stirring shaft 6, which is a cylindrical cavity formed inside the stirring shaft 6. The axis of the conveying chamber 7 coincides with the central axis of the stirring shaft 6. A spiral conveying shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the conveying chamber 7 via bearings. The spiral conveying shaft 8 is made of stainless steel and is specifically constructed by integrally forming the shaft and spiral blades or by welding. The spiral conveying shaft 8 is coaxially arranged with the stirring shaft 6, and its top end rotatably passes through the top end of the stirring shaft 6 and extends to the top of the mixing cylinder 1. A motor for driving the spiral conveying shaft 8 is fixed to the top of the mixing cylinder 1 via a frame. The frame is made of angle steel and is bolted to the top end face of the mixing cylinder 1. The motor is a three-phase asynchronous motor with a power range of 3kW to 5kW and a speed range of 1400r / min to 2800r / min. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the top end of the screw conveyor shaft 8 through a coupling, so as to realize the transmission of motor power to the screw conveyor shaft 8 and drive the screw conveyor shaft 8 to rotate in the conveying chamber 7.

[0026] This invention can be used in the field of saline-alkali land remediation equipment technology, and can also be applied to other fields of this invention.

[0027] Example 2: This example is a further improvement on the previous example: Please refer to... Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 10 The mixing cylinder 1 has a circular groove on its top inner wall above the stirring shaft 6, with its axis coinciding with the axis of the stirring shaft 6. The top inner wall of the circular groove is rotatably connected to a gear II 10 via a shaft. The outer wall of the screw conveyor shaft 8 is fixedly fitted with a gear I 9 located in the circular groove, which meshes with the gear II 10. The top end of the stirring shaft 6 is fixed with an internal gear ring 11 located in the circular groove, which meshes with the gear II 10.

[0028] Specifically, through the meshing of gear I9, gear II10, and internal gear ring 11, when the motor drives the screw conveyor shaft 8 to rotate, the screw conveyor shaft 8 drives gear I9 to rotate, gear I9 drives gear II10 to rotate, and gear II10 in turn drives the internal gear ring 11 to rotate, ultimately realizing that the stirring shaft 6 and the screw conveyor shaft 8 rotate in opposite directions. This transmission structure allows the screw conveyor shaft 8 to transport the raw materials at the bottom of the mixing cylinder 1 upwards, while the stirring shaft 6 drives the subsequent screening mechanism and mixing mechanism to rotate in the opposite direction, improving the mixing and conveying efficiency of the raw materials.

[0029] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 10The outer wall of the stirring shaft 6 is provided with multiple discharge holes 39 that communicate with the conveying chamber 7. The discharge holes 39 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the stirring shaft 6, with a quantity of 3 to 6. The discharge holes 39 are located in the middle area of ​​the stirring shaft 6, that is, above the multi-stage mixing mechanism. The bottom end of the screw conveyor shaft 8 is rotatably connected to the bottom inner wall of the mixing cylinder 1 through a bearing to ensure the stability of the screw conveyor shaft 8 when it rotates. The discharge holes 39 cooperate with the screw conveyor shaft 8. When the screw conveyor shaft 8 rotates, it can convey the raw material at the bottom of the mixing cylinder 1 upward into the conveying chamber 7, and then discharge it through the discharge holes 39 to the top of the multi-stage mixing mechanism, so that the raw material can be repeatedly stirred and mixed, further improving the mixing uniformity.

[0030] Example 3: This example is a further improvement on the previous example: as follows Figures 1-3 A screening cylinder 12 is fixed to the inner top wall of the mixing cylinder 1. The screening cylinder 12 is a cylindrical structure with its axis coinciding with the central axis of the mixing cylinder 1, and its bottom is located in the upper inner area of ​​the mixing cylinder 1. A feed hopper 5 is fixedly inserted through the top of the mixing cylinder 1. The feed hopper 5 has a funnel-shaped structure, and its bottom end extends into the screening cylinder 12. It is used to feed fly ash, organic matter, and modifiers into the screening cylinder 12 to achieve centralized feeding of raw materials.

[0031] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the top end of the stirring shaft 6 is sealed and rotates through the screening cylinder 12, meaning the stirring shaft 6 passes through the center of the screening cylinder 12, preventing raw materials from leaking out from the penetration point. The screening cylinder 12 contains a sieve structure for crushing and screening the raw materials. This sieve structure includes multiple crushing rods 19 and multiple sets of sieve holes. The crushing rods 19 are bent, with a bending angle ranging from 120° to 150°, and are used to cooperate with the bottom inner wall of the screening cylinder 12 to crush the raw materials. Multiple crushing rods 19 are fixed to the outer wall of the stirring shaft 6, evenly distributed along the circumference of the stirring shaft 6, with a quantity of 6 to 8. The length of the crushing rods 19 is adapted to the inner diameter of the screening cylinder 12, ensuring that the other end of the crushing rod 19 is close to the inner wall of the screening cylinder 12. Multiple teeth I20 are fixed on the top, bottom and one side of the crushing rod 19. The teeth I20 adopt a triangular prism structure. When the stirring shaft 6 drives the crushing rod 19 to rotate, the tearing force generated by the rotation of the teeth I20 can effectively crush the raw materials and break up the lumps in the raw materials, so as to facilitate the full mixing of fly ash, organic matter and modifier in the raw materials in the later stage.

[0032] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4Multiple sets of sieve holes are arranged in a ring along the radial direction of the screening cylinder 12. Each sieve hole set consists of multiple sieve holes 13 arranged along the axis of the screening cylinder 12. The sieve holes 13 are circular through holes used to discharge the crushed raw materials through the sieve holes 13 to the outside of the screening cylinder 12 and into the subsequent mixing mechanism.

[0033] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 The screening structure also includes a rotating ring 14 that rotates on the outer wall of the screening cylinder 12. The rotating ring 14 is annular, and its inner diameter is adapted to the outer diameter of the screening cylinder 12. An annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the rotating ring 14, and an annular protrusion is integrally formed on the top of the outer wall of the screening cylinder 12. The rotation of the rotating ring 14 is limited by the cooperation between the annular protrusion and the annular groove. The bottom inner wall of the screening cylinder 12 is conical and protruding to discharge the raw material to the edge, so that the raw material can come into more full contact with the crushing rod 19, and at the same time facilitate the discharge of the crushed raw material through the screen holes 13. Multiple baffles 15 are fixed at the bottom of the rotating ring 14. The length is adapted to the height of the screening cylinder 12, and the width is adapted to the width of the screen hole group. The multiple baffles 15 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the screening cylinder 12, and the number is the same as the number of screen hole groups. The baffles 15 are matched with the screen hole groups, that is, each baffle 15 corresponds to a set of screen hole groups. The opening and closing degree of the sieve holes 13 and the actual effective aperture size can be adjusted by rotating the baffle plate 15 driven by the rotating ring 14, thereby adapting to raw materials of different particle sizes. When it is necessary to screen raw materials with larger particle sizes, rotating the baffle plate 15 increases the effective aperture size of the sieve holes 13; when it is necessary to screen raw materials with smaller particle sizes, rotating the baffle plate 15 decreases the effective aperture size of the sieve holes 13.

[0034] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 13 The mixing cylinder 1 has an arc-shaped hole 60 at its top, centered on the stirring shaft 6. A pin 18, fixedly connected to the top of the rotating ring 14, passes through the arc-shaped hole 60, ensuring that the pin 18 can rotate and move along the arc-shaped hole 60, thereby driving the rotating ring 14 to rotate. An electric push rod I 16 is fixed to the top outer wall of the mixing cylinder 1 via a frame. The electric push rod I 16 is an electro-hydraulic push rod with a stroke range of 100mm to 200mm and a thrust range of 500N to 1000N. A push plate 17, made of rectangular steel plate, is fixed to the output shaft of the electric push rod I 16, and the pin 18 is slidably positioned on one side of the push plate 17. The electric push rod I 16 drives the push plate 17 to move, which in turn drives the pin 18 to rotate and move within the arc-shaped hole 60, thereby adjusting the rotation of the rotating ring 14 and the baffle plate 15. This allows for flexible adjustment of the sieve hole size 13 to meet the screening requirements of different raw materials.

[0035] Example 4: This example is a further improvement on the previous example: as follows Figure 2 and Figure 6 The device also includes multiple sets of vertically arranged mixing structures for multi-stage mixing of the raw materials screened from the sieve structure, with the mixing structures located below the screening cylinder 12. In this embodiment, two sets of mixing structures are preferably provided: an upper mixing structure and a lower mixing structure. The two sets of mixing structures have identical structures and are symmetrically distributed vertically to ensure that the raw materials are thoroughly mixed twice. Each mixing structure includes a first stirring section and a second stirring section, with the first stirring section located above the second stirring section, achieving primary mixing followed by deep mixing of the raw materials.

[0036] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first stirring section includes a concave plate 21 fixed inside the mixing cylinder 1 and located below the screening cylinder 12. The top of the concave plate 21 is concave, with an inward curvature ranging from 15° to 30°, which guides the raw material discharged from the screening cylinder 12 towards the center, facilitating the concentrated entry of the raw material into the subsequent second stirring section. The bottom end of the stirring shaft 6 penetrates through the concave plate 21. A feed hole 24 is formed between the inner wall of the concave plate 21 and the outer wall of the stirring shaft 6. The feed hole 24 is an annular through hole, which allows the raw material on the concave plate 21 to be discharged downward through the feed hole 24 and enter the second stirring section.

[0037] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first mixing section also includes multiple mixing rods I 22. The ends of the multiple mixing rods I 22, which are close to each other, are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mixing shaft 6 and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mixing shaft 6, with a quantity of 6 to 8 rods. The mixing rods I 22 are inclined, with the inclination angle matching the concave surface of the concave plate 21, i.e., the angle between the mixing rod I 22 and the horizontal direction ranges from 15° to 30°. This is used to drive the mixing rods I 22 to rotate when the mixing shaft 6 rotates, thus mixing the raw materials on the concave plate 21. Multiple teeth II 23 are fixed to the bottom of each of the multiple mixing rods I 22. The structure of the teeth II 23 is the same as that of the teeth I 20. This is used to fully mix the raw materials on the concave plate 21 when the mixing rods I 22 rotate, and the tearing force generated by the teeth II 23 can further break up small agglomerates in the raw materials, allowing the fly ash, organic matter, and modifier to be initially mixed.

[0038] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7Multiple hemispheres I26 are fixed at the bottom of the concave disk 21, and the multiple hemispheres I26 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the concave disk 21. Multiple striking rods I25 are fixed to the outer wall of the stirring shaft 6. The striking rods I25 are made of elastic spring steel, and their length is adapted to the radius of the concave plate 21. The multiple striking rods I25 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the stirring shaft 6, and the striking rods I25 are located below the concave plate 21 and cooperate with the hemisphere I26. That is, the top of the striking rod I25 is close to the bottom of the hemisphere I26, so that when the striking rod I25 rotates with the stirring shaft 6, the top of the striking rod I25 can contact the bottom of the hemisphere I26. At this time, the striking rod I25 generates elastic deformation and passes through the hemisphere I26. When the striking rod I25 recovers its elasticity, it can directly strike the bottom of the concave plate 21, thereby achieving the effect of striking vibration on the concave plate 21 and gathering the raw material attached to the concave plate 21 towards the center and discharging it through the feed hole 24. In addition, the vibration of the concave disc 21 can also disperse the agglomerated fly ash and further mix it with organic matter and amendments, thereby improving the primary mixing effect.

[0039] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 The second stirring section includes a convex disc 27 rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the stirring shaft 6 and located below the concave disc 21. The convex disc 27 adopts an annular disc structure, and an annular discharge groove 32 is reserved between the edge of the convex disc 27 and the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 1. This groove allows the raw material discharged from the feed hole 24 to be discharged downwards through the annular discharge groove 32. Multiple L-shaped rods I 28 are welded and fixed to the top of the convex disc 27. The L-shaped rods I 28 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the convex disc 27, with a quantity of 4 to 6. All L-shaped rods I 28 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 1, thus fixing the convex disc 27 within the mixing cylinder 1.

[0040] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 The second mixing section also includes multiple mixing rods II 29. The ends of the multiple mixing rods II 29, which are close to each other, are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the mixing shaft 6 and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the mixing shaft 6. The mixing rods II 29 are inclined and engage with the top of the convex disk 27. The top of the convex disk 27 is convex, with an arc angle ranging from 15° to 30°. The angle between the mixing rods II 29 and the horizontal direction ranges from 15° to 30°, used for deep mixing of the raw materials on the top of the convex disk 27. Multiple teeth III 30 are fixed to the bottom of the mixing rods II 29. The structure of the teeth III 30 is the same as that of teeth I 20 and teeth II 23, used to increase the mixing effect on the raw materials, further breaking up the agglomerated fly ash, and ensuring thorough mixing of the fly ash with organic matter and modifiers.

[0041] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8Multiple hemispheres II are fixed to the bottom of the convex disk 27. The structure of hemispheres II is the same as that of hemisphere I 26. The multiple hemispheres II are evenly distributed along the circumference of the convex disk 27, with a quantity of 10 to 14. Multiple striking rods II 33 located below the convex disk 27 are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring shaft 6. The structure of striking rods II 33 is the same as that of striking rod I 25, and their length is adapted to the radius of the convex disk 27. The multiple striking rods II 33 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the stirring shaft 6, and the striking rods II 33 cooperate with the hemispheres II, that is, the top of the striking rods II 33 is close to the bottom of the hemispheres II. When the striking rods II 33 rotate with the stirring shaft 6, they can achieve a striking vibration effect on the convex disk 27 by contacting the bottom of the hemispheres II. This not only disperses the fly ash but also discharges the raw materials to the edge, facilitating the entry of the raw materials into the subsequent discharge and circulation stages.

[0042] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 An L-shaped rod II 35 is fixed to the end of the striking rod II 33 away from the stirring shaft 6. An arc-shaped striking hammer 34 is fixed to the top of the L-shaped rod II 35. The arc of the arc-shaped striking hammer 34 matches the arc of the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 1, and the arc-shaped striking hammer 34 rotates and moves with the striking rod II 33 within the annular discharge trough 32. The arc-shaped striking hammer 34 is used to further disperse the raw materials discharged from the annular discharge trough 32, preventing the raw materials from agglomerating again during the discharge process, and facilitating the thorough mixing of fly ash with organic matter and amendments in the later stage.

[0043] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 An arc-shaped material guide plate 31 is fixed to one end of the stirring rod II 29 away from the stirring shaft 6. The arc of the arc-shaped material guide plate 31 matches the arc of the top of the convex disk 27, and the arc-shaped material guide plate 31 slides against the top of the convex disk 27. The arc-shaped material guide plate 31 is placed at an angle, which is used to guide the raw material located at the edge of the convex disk 27 towards the stirring shaft 6 when the stirring rod II 29 drives the arc-shaped material guide plate 31 to rotate. This allows the raw material to be repeatedly dispersed and stirred by the stirring rod II 29, improving the mixing effect and preventing the raw material from accumulating at the edge of the convex disk 27 and failing to mix fully.

[0044] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 6 and Figure 9An annular pipe 36 is fixed to the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 1 by a fixing column, and the top of the annular pipe 36 is provided with multiple vent holes. An air injection pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the annular pipe 36, and one end of the air injection pipe extends to the outside of the mixing cylinder 1 and is connected to an external compressed air pump for injecting compressed gas into the annular pipe 36. The annular pipe 36 is located below the convex disc 27 in the lowest mixing structure. The vent holes of the annular pipe 36 cooperate with the annular discharge trough 32 to disperse the raw materials discharged from the annular discharge trough 32 by compressed gas, preventing fly ash agglomeration from affecting subsequent mixing operations. A bent rod 37 located below the annular pipe 36 is fixed to the outer wall of the stirring shaft 6, and a stirring plate 38 that fits against the inner wall of the mixing cylinder 1 is fixed to the bottom of the bent rod 37 for further stirring of the raw materials.

[0045] Example 5: This example is a further improvement on the previous example: as follows Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 10 A guide plate 43 is fitted on the outer wall of the stirring shaft 6, located below the discharge hole 39. The guide plate 43 is conical in shape, with a apex angle ranging from 120° to 150°. It is used to receive the raw material discharged from the discharge hole 39 and guide the raw material to the surrounding area. Multiple fixed cylinders 40 are fixed to the bottom of the screening cylinder 12, evenly distributed along the circumference of the screening cylinder 12, with a quantity of 4 to 6. Each fixed cylinder 40 is vertically slidably connected to a connecting rod 42. A tension spring 41 is fixed between the top inner wall of the fixed cylinder 40 and the top of the connecting rod 42 via a spring seat. The elastic coefficient of the tension spring 41 ranges from 1.5 N / mm to 3 N / mm, the free length ranges from 50 mm to 80 mm, and the working stroke ranges from 20 mm to 40 mm. The bottom end of the connecting rod 42 extends downward and is fixedly connected to the top of the guide plate 43, allowing the guide plate 43 to return to its upward position through the cooperation of the connecting rod 42 and the tension spring 41.

[0046] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 10As shown, multiple magnets II45 are fixedly embedded in the bottom of the guide plate 43. The magnets II45 are permanent magnets, and there are 4 to 6 of them, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the guide plate 43. The top of the uppermost stirring rod I22 is fixed with magnets I44, which are also permanent magnets, and the number of magnets I44 is the same as the number of magnets II45. Furthermore, a magnetic attraction force is generated between magnet I44 and magnet II45, meaning that the magnetic poles of magnet I44 and magnet II45 are opposite. This is used so that when stirring rod I22 rotates with stirring shaft 6, stirring rod I22 drives magnet I44 to rotate. When magnet I44 rotates to the position corresponding to magnet II45, the magnetic attraction force between magnet I44 and magnet II45 drives the guide plate 43 to move downward, and connecting rod 42 slides downward in fixed cylinder 40, and tension spring 41 is stretched. When magnet I44 rotates to the point of being misaligned with magnet II45, the magnetic attraction force between magnet I44 and magnet II45 disappears, and guide plate 43 moves upward under the tension of tension spring 41. Connecting rod 42 slides upward, thereby driving guide plate 43 to vibrate up and down, dispersing the raw materials falling on guide plate 43, preventing raw materials from agglomerating, and facilitating subsequent mixing operations.

[0047] Example 6: This example is a further improvement on the previous example: as follows Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 11 Both sides of the mixing drum 1 are fixedly connected to exhaust pipes 47. Both exhaust pipes 47 are L-shaped, with their horizontal sections fixedly connected to the side wall of the mixing drum 1 and their vertical sections extending upwards at a height ranging from 300mm to 500mm. These exhaust pipes are used to ventilate the mixing drum 1, reduce the dust concentration inside, prevent dust explosions, and ensure operational safety. Filter screens 48, made of stainless steel wire mesh, are fixed to the adjacent ends of the two exhaust pipes 47. These filters are used to filter dust during ventilation, preventing dust from being emitted into the external environment and causing pollution.

[0048] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 11 A movable frame 49 is slidably connected to the top outer wall of the mixing cylinder 1. The movable frame 49 adopts a rectangular frame structure. Both ends of the movable frame 49 are fixed with sealing plates 51. The two sealing plates 51 alternately seal the top ends of the two exhaust pipes 47. That is, when one sealing plate 51 seals the top end of one exhaust pipe 47, the top end of the other exhaust pipe 47 is open, achieving alternating ventilation of the two exhaust pipes 47 and avoiding simultaneous sealing which would lead to poor ventilation inside the mixing cylinder 1.

[0049] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 11 and Figure 12Two movable sleeve rods 52 are fixed to the bottom of the movable frame 49. The two movable sleeve rods 52 are located at both ends of the movable frame 49. The movable sleeve rods 52 have through holes inside. The two movable sleeve rods 52 are slidably sleeved on the outer wall of the corresponding exhaust pipe 47. That is, the horizontal section of the exhaust pipe 47 passes through the through hole of the movable sleeve rod 52. The movable sleeve rod 52 can slide horizontally left and right along the horizontal section of the exhaust pipe to ensure that the movable frame 49 can move stably. The bottom end of each of the two movable sleeve rods 52 is fixed with a sliding rod 53. A sliding hole adapted to the sliding rod 53 is opened on one side of the mixing cylinder 1. A sealing sleeve is provided in the sliding hole. The ends of the two sliding rods 53 that are close to each other are sealed and slide into the mixing cylinder 1. That is, the sliding rods 53 are sealed and slide connected to the mixing cylinder 1 through the sealing sleeve to prevent dust from leaking out from the sliding hole.

[0050] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 Each of the two sliding rods 53 has a rectangular groove 54, which extends along the length of the sliding rod 53. A rotating shaft 55 is fixed within each rectangular groove 54. A rotating rod 57 is rotatably fitted onto the outer wall of the rotating shaft 55. A striking ball 58, made of rubber, is fixed to one side of the rotating rod 57 and corresponds to a filter screen 48, allowing the striking ball 58 to contact the surface of the filter screen 48. When the rotating rod 57 rotates, it drives the striking ball 58 to strike the filter screen 48, dislodging the dust adhering to the filter screen 48. Two torsion springs 56 are fitted onto the outer wall of the rotating shaft 55. The elastic coefficient of the torsion springs 56 ranges from 0.5 N / mm to 1.5 N / mm, and their free length ranges from 30 mm to 50 mm. The ends of the two torsion springs 56 that are close to each other are fixedly connected to the rotating rod 57, and the ends of the two torsion springs 56 that are far apart from each other are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the corresponding rectangular grooves 54. This is used to drive the rotating rod 57 to reset and rotate after the striking ball 58 strikes the filter screen 48, so that the striking ball 58 moves away from the filter screen 48, preparing for the next strike. A limit strip 59 is fixed inside the rectangular groove 54 to limit the rotation of the rotating rod 57, preventing the rotating rod 57 from rotating excessively under the action of the torsion springs 56, and ensuring that the rotating rod 57 is in a stable position after resetting.

[0051] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 11 and Figure 12A fixed ball 46 is fixed to the top of the uppermost stirring rod I 22, and the fixed ball 46 cooperates with the bottom end of the rotating rod 57. That is, when the stirring rod I 22 rotates, the fixed ball 46 can contact the bottom end of the rotating rod 57 and push the rotating rod 57 to rotate. This drives the rotating rod 57 to rotate to overcome the torque of the torsion spring 56, thereby driving the striking ball 58 to strike the filter screen 48 and prevent the filter screen 48 from becoming clogged. An electric push rod II 50 is fixed to the top outer wall of the mixing cylinder 1 through the frame. The electric push rod II 50 is an electro-hydraulic push rod with a stroke range of 150mm to 250mm and a thrust range of 800N to 1200N. The output shaft of the electric push rod II 50 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of one side of the moving frame 49, and is used to drive the moving frame 49 to move in the horizontal direction, thereby driving the two sealing plates 51 to alternately seal the top of the corresponding exhaust pipe 47. When one of the sealing plates 51 seals the corresponding exhaust pipe 47, during the sealing period, the bottom end of the corresponding rotating rod 57 can intermittently contact the rotating fixed ball 46, thereby knocking on the filter screen 48 at one end of the sealed exhaust pipe 47, realizing automatic cleaning of the filter screen 48, ensuring the filtration effect of the filter screen 48, and preventing the filter screen 48 from being blocked and affecting ventilation.

[0052] Example 7: This example is a further improvement on the previous example: as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 The bottom of the mixing cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe, which is equipped with a control valve to discharge the uniformly mixed raw materials to the saline-alkali land remediation area. The diameter of the discharge pipe is 100mm to 150mm, and the control valve is a ball valve to facilitate control of the discharge speed and discharge volume.

[0053] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figures 1-12 Deep groove ball bearings are used at all rotating connections in the device, such as the connection between the stirring shaft 6 and the mixing cylinder 1, the connection between the screw conveyor shaft 8 and the stirring shaft 6, the connection between gear II 10 and the circular groove, the connection between the rotating ring 14 and the screening cylinder 12, and the connection between the convex disc 27 and the stirring shaft 6, to ensure flexible rotation and reduce wear. Rubber gaskets or sealing rings are used at all sealing points, such as the penetration point between the stirring shaft 6 and the screening cylinder 12, and the sliding hole between the sliding rod 53 and the mixing cylinder 1, to ensure sealing effect and prevent leakage of raw materials or dust.

[0054] In one aspect of this embodiment, such as Figure 1 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 Electric actuator I16, electric actuator II50, and the motor are all connected to an external control system via wires. The control system can use a PLC controller to automate the various actions of the device, such as starting and stopping the motor, adjusting its speed, and controlling the extension and retraction of electric actuator I16 and electric actuator II50, thereby improving the device's operating efficiency and reducing the intensity of manual operation.

[0055] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principles and wiring methods of the electric actuators II50 and I16 are commonplace and are considered conventional methods or common knowledge. Therefore, they will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mixing device for fly ash-based saline-alkali soil remediation, comprising a mixing cylinder (1) for mixing raw materials, characterized in that, The inner wall of the top of the mixing cylinder (1) is rotationally connected with a stirring shaft (6), the bottom end of the stirring shaft (6) is provided with a conveying cavity (7), the conveying cavity (7) is rotationally connected with a spiral conveying shaft (8) through a bearing, the top end of the spiral conveying shaft (8) rotationally penetrates the top end of the stirring shaft (6) and rotationally extends above the mixing cylinder (1), the top of the mixing cylinder (1) is fixed with a motor for driving the spiral conveying shaft (8) to rotate; The inner wall of the top of the mixing cylinder (1) is fixed with a screening cylinder (12), the top of the mixing cylinder (1) is fixedly penetrated with a feeding hopper (5), the bottom end of the feeding hopper (5) extends into the screening cylinder (12), the top end of the stirring shaft (6) rotationally penetrates the screening cylinder (12), the screening cylinder (12) is provided with a screening structure for crushing and screening raw materials, the screening structure comprises a plurality of crushing rods (19) and a plurality of groups of screen hole groups. It also comprises a plurality of groups of mixing structures arranged in an up-down manner for multi-stage stirring and mixing of the raw materials screened from the screening structure, and the mixing structures are located below the screening cylinder (12).

2. The mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mixing structure comprises a first stirring part and a second stirring part, the first stirring part comprises a concave disc (21) fixed in the mixing cylinder (1) and located below the screening cylinder (12), and the second stirring part comprises a convex disc (27) rotationally sleeved on the outer wall of the stirring shaft (6) and located below the concave disc (21), the top of the convex disc (27) is welded and fixed with a plurality of L-shaped rods I (28), and the plurality of L-shaped rods I (28) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mixing cylinder (1).

3. The mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash according to claim 2, characterized in that, The screening structure further comprises a rotating ring (14) rotationally arranged on the outer wall of the screening cylinder (12), the bottom inner wall of the screening cylinder (12) is in a conical convex shape, the crushing rods (19) are in a bent shape for crushing raw materials, the plurality of crushing rods (19) are fixed on the outer wall of the stirring shaft (6), the top, bottom and one side of the crushing rod (19) are fixed with a plurality of teeth I (20), a plurality of groups of screen hole groups are arranged in a ring shape along the radial direction of the screening cylinder (12), the screen hole group is composed of a plurality of screen holes (13) arranged along the axis of the screening cylinder (12), the bottom of the rotating ring (14) is fixed with a plurality of shielding plates (15), the shielding plates (15) cooperate with the screen hole groups, and the size of the screen holes (13) can be adjusted by rotating the rotating ring (14) to drive the shielding plates (15) to rotate.

4. The mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top of the mixing cylinder (1) is provided with an arc-shaped hole (60), a pin rod (18) fixedly connected with the top of the rotating ring (14) is arranged in the arc-shaped hole (60), the top of the mixing cylinder (1) is fixed with an electric push rod I (16), the output shaft of the electric push rod I (16) is fixed with a push plate (17), and one side of the push plate (17) is slidably connected with the pin rod (18).

5. The mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first stirring part further comprises a plurality of stirring rods I (22), the bottom end of the stirring shaft (6) penetrates the concave disc (21), the inner wall of the concave disc (21) and the outer wall of the stirring shaft (6) form a feeding hole (24) therebetween, the end of the plurality of stirring rods I (22) close to each other is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the stirring shaft (6), the top of the concave disc (21) is concave, the stirring rods I (22) are arranged in an inclined manner, the bottom of the plurality of stirring rods I (22) is fixedly connected with a plurality of teeth II (23), the bottom of the concave disc (21) is fixedly connected with a plurality of hemispheres I (26), the outer wall of the stirring shaft (6) is fixedly connected with a plurality of knocking rods I (25), and the knocking rods I (25) are located below the concave disc (21) and are matched with the hemispheres I (26).

6. The mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second stirring part further comprises a plurality of stirring rods II (29), the end of the plurality of stirring rods II (29) close to each other is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the stirring shaft (6), the outer wall of the convex disc (27) and the inner wall of the mixing barrel (1) form an annular discharging groove (32) therebetween, the top of the convex disc (27) is convex, the stirring rods II (29) are arranged in an inclined manner and are matched with the top of the convex disc (27), the bottom of the stirring rods II (29) is fixedly connected with a plurality of teeth III (30), the bottom of the convex disc (27) is fixedly connected with a plurality of hemispheres II, the outer wall of the stirring shaft (6) is fixedly connected with a plurality of knocking rods II (33) located below the convex disc (27), and the knocking rods II (33) are matched with the hemispheres II, the end of the knocking rods II (33) away from the stirring shaft (6) is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rod II (35), the top of the L-shaped rod II (35) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped knocking hammer (34), and the arc-shaped knocking hammer (34) slides in the annular discharging groove (32); The end of the stirring rods II (29) away from the stirring shaft (6) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped material shifting plate (31), and the arc-shaped material shifting plate (31) slides on the top of the convex disc (27) in a close manner, and the arc-shaped material shifting plate (31) is arranged in an inclined manner.

7. The mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the mixing barrel (1) is fixedly connected with an annular pipe (36) through a fixed column, the top of the annular pipe (36) is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes, one side of the annular pipe (36) is fixedly and continuously connected with a gas injection pipe, one end of the gas injection pipe is fixedly extended to the outside of the mixing barrel (1) and is connected with a compressed air pump in an external manner, the annular pipe (36) is located below the convex disc (27) in the lowermost mixing structure, the exhaust holes of the annular pipe (36) are matched with the annular discharging groove (32), the outer wall of the stirring shaft (6) is fixedly connected with a bent rod (37) located below the annular pipe (36), and the bottom of the bent rod (37) is fixedly connected with a stirring plate (38) matched with the inner wall of the mixing barrel (1).

8. The mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash according to claim 7, characterized in that, The outer wall of the stirring shaft (6) is provided with a plurality of discharge holes (39) communicated with the conveying cavity (7), the bottom end of the spiral conveying shaft (8) is rotationally connected with the bottom inner wall of the mixing cylinder (1), the discharge hole (39) is matched with the spiral conveying shaft (8), the outer wall of the stirring shaft (6) is sleeved with a material guide disc (43) located below the discharge hole (39), the bottom of the screening cylinder (12) is fixed with a plurality of fixed cylinders (40), a plurality of connecting rods (42) are slidingly connected in the fixed cylinders (40), a tension spring (41) is fixed between the top inner wall of the fixed cylinder (40) and the top end of the connecting rod (42) through a spring seat, a plurality of magnets II (45) are embedded in the bottom of the material guide disc (43), the top of the uppermost stirring rod I (22) is fixed with a magnet I (44), and the magnet I (44) and the magnet II (45) generate magnetic attraction, and the material guide disc (43) is in a conical convex shape.

9. The mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash according to claim 8, characterized in that, The top inner wall of the mixing cylinder (1) is provided with a circular groove located above the stirring shaft (6), the top inner wall of the circular groove is rotationally connected with a gear II (10) through a shaft, the outer wall of the spiral conveying shaft (8) is fixedly sleeved with a gear I (9) located in the circular groove, the gear I (9) is engaged with the gear II (10), and the top end of the stirring shaft (6) is fixed with an inner tooth ring (11) located in the circular groove, and the inner tooth ring (11) is engaged with the gear II (10).

10. The mixing device for repairing saline-alkali soil based on fly ash according to claim 9, characterized in that, Both sides of the mixing cylinder (1) are fixedly connected with exhaust pipes (47), both of which are L-shaped, and both of which are fixedly connected with filter screens (48) at one end close to each other, the top outer wall of the mixing cylinder (1) is slidably connected with a moving frame (49), both ends of the moving frame (49) are fixedly connected with closing plates (51), and the two closing plates (51) alternately close the top ends of the two exhaust pipes (47), the bottom of the moving frame (49) is fixedly connected with two moving sleeve rods (52), both of which are slidably sleeved on the outer walls of the corresponding exhaust pipes (47), the bottom ends of both of the moving sleeve rods (52) are fixedly connected with sliding rods (53), both of which are slidably extended into the mixing cylinder (1) at one end close to each other, both of the sliding rods (53) are provided with rectangular grooves (54) therein, the outer wall of the rotating shaft (55) is rotatably sleeved with a rotating rod (57), one side of the rotating rod (57) is fixedly connected with a knocking ball (58), and the knocking ball (58) is matched with the corresponding filter screen (48), the outer wall of the rotating shaft (55) is sleeved with two torsional springs (56), both of which are fixedly connected with the rotating rod (57) at one end close to each other, both of which are fixedly connected with the inner walls of the corresponding rectangular grooves (54) at one end away from each other, the rectangular groove (54) is fixedly connected with a limiting strip (59), the top of the uppermost stirring rod I (22) is fixedly connected with a fixed ball (46), and the fixed ball (46) is matched with the bottom end of the rotating rod (57), which is used to drive the rotating rod (57) to rotate to overcome the torsion of the torsional spring (56) and drive the knocking ball (58) to knock the filter screen (48), the top outer wall of the mixing cylinder (1) is fixedly connected with an electric push rod II (50) through a rack, and the output shaft of the electric push rod II (50) is fixedly connected with one side of the inner wall of the moving frame (49).

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