Buckwheat hulling device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, and discloses a buckwheat hulling device which comprises a first support and a hulling assembly, the hulling assembly comprises a first shell, a rotary driving part, a gap adjusting driving part and a hulling roller, the first shell is installed on the first support and provided with a cylindrical shell section and a conical shell section which are connected, and the rotary driving part is installed on the first shell; a first feeding hole is formed in the cylindrical shell section, and the inner diameter of the conical shell section is gradually increased from top to bottom; the gap adjusting driving part is installed on the first support, the rotary driving part is installed on the gap adjusting driving part and connected with the shelling roller, the shelling roller is located in the first shell and provided with a cylindrical section and a conical section, and the inner wall of the cylindrical shell section and the outer wall of the cylindrical section define a first shelling space; a second shelling space is defined by the inner wall of the conical shell section and the outer wall of the conical section, and the gap adjusting driving piece can drive the shelling roller to ascend and descend. The separation of buckwheat kernels and buckwheat hulls is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of agricultural product processing, specifically to a buckwheat hulling device. Background Technology

[0002] The efficiency and quality of grain processing are crucial to the development of the food industry. As people's demands for food quality and safety continue to rise, the grain processing industry is placing higher demands on the performance and functionality of various processing machinery. This is especially true in buckwheat processing, where the technological level of the hulling, dust removal, and husk-rice separation processes directly affects the quality and production efficiency of buckwheat products, and is of great significance in meeting the food industry's demand for refined buckwheat raw materials.

[0003] In grain processing, mechanical crushing is commonly used to dehull buckwheat. Mechanical crushing involves using crushing equipment to compress the buckwheat, thus achieving dehulling. However, this method easily damages the grain structure, resulting in a high rate of broken grains. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a buckwheat dehulling device to solve the problem that mechanical crushing methods easily damage the grain structure, resulting in a high rate of broken rice.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a buckwheat hulling device, comprising: First support; The shelling assembly includes a first housing, a rotary drive, a gap adjustment drive, and a shelling roller. The first housing is mounted on a first support and has a cylindrical housing section and a conical housing section connected together. The cylindrical housing section has a first feed inlet, and the inner diameter of the conical housing section gradually increases from top to bottom. The gap adjustment drive is mounted on the first support, and the rotary drive is mounted on the gap adjustment drive and connected to the shelling roller. The shelling roller is located inside the first housing and has a cylindrical section and a conical section connected together. The inner wall of the cylindrical housing section and the outer wall of the cylindrical section enclose a first shelling space, and the inner wall of the conical housing section and the outer wall of the conical section enclose a second shelling space. The gap adjustment drive can drive the shelling roller to rise and fall to adjust the gap between the inner wall of the conical housing section and the outer wall of the conical section.

[0006] Beneficial Effects: The hulling drum is raised and lowered by the gap adjustment drive. During this movement, the relative position of the conical section and the inner wall of the conical shell section changes, thus altering the gap distance between the inner wall of the conical shell section and the outer wall of the conical section. This adjustment process requires no disassembly of the equipment. When dealing with buckwheat raw materials of different particle sizes, adjusting the gap distance allows for a suitable contact pressure between the raw material and the hulling surface. This avoids incomplete hulling due to excessive gaps or over-crushing due to insufficient gaps, ensuring hulling quality while improving the integrity of the grains. After entering through the first inlet of the cylindrical shell section, the buckwheat undergoes preliminary hulling in the first hulling space and further hulling in the second hulling space, extending the effective hulling time. Simultaneously, the guiding effect of the conical structure, combined with the rotational drive that rotates the hulling drum, ensures the buckwheat is evenly distributed along the hulling channel under the combined action of gravity and rotational force. This prevents missed hulling due to localized material accumulation and increases the frequency of contact between the raw material and the hulling surface, thereby improving hulling efficiency. The gap adjustment can adapt to buckwheat hulling of different particle sizes, which improves the whole kernel rate and whole husk rate of buckwheat during buckwheat hulling, reduces the loss rate, improves the overall quality of hulling, and is easy to operate and has high production efficiency.

[0007] In one optional embodiment, the inner wall of the first housing is provided with a first inclined rib plate, which is spirally wound around the inner wall of the first housing; the inner wall of the cylindrical segment is provided with a second inclined rib plate, the angle between the second inclined rib plate and the generatrix of the cylindrical segment is 15°-65°; and the inner wall of the conical segment is provided with a third inclined rib plate, the angle between the third inclined rib plate and the generatrix of the conical segment is 15°-65°.

[0008] Beneficial effects: The inner wall of the first shell is provided with a spirally wound first inclined rib plate, which guides the buckwheat to pass through the first hulling space and the second hulling space in sequence, and the movement path of the buckwheat is spiral. The inner wall of the cylindrical section is provided with a second inclined rib plate with an angle of 15°-65° with the generatrix, and the inner wall of the conical section is provided with a third inclined rib plate with an angle of 15°-65° with the generatrix. This ensures that the second and third inclined rib plates can effectively push the buckwheat to move along the hulling space (avoiding the raw material from slipping and getting stuck), and will not cause a surge in the resistance to the movement of the raw material or damage to the rice grains due to excessively large angles. In addition, the buckwheat located between the first and second inclined rib plates and between the first and third inclined rib plates are squeezed and scraped. The two inclined rib plates squeeze the buckwheat in a line contact manner, which further improves the integrity of the rice grains.

[0009] In one optional embodiment, a first shelling gap is formed between the first inclined rib and the second inclined rib, the first shelling gap being 5mm; a second shelling interval is formed between the first inclined rib and the second inclined rib, the second shelling gap being 2mm-5mm.

[0010] Beneficial effects: The first hulling gap of 5mm is adapted to the initial particle size of buckwheat raw materials, achieving slight compression in the pre-hulling stage. This ensures that some buckwheat husks are initially removed while avoiding raw material blockage or excessive crushing due to an excessively small initial gap. The second hulling gap of 2mm-5mm can be adjusted according to the state of the raw materials after pre-hulling to further dehull the buckwheat, ensuring that the residual husk layer is completely removed. The setting of the first hulling gap of 5mm and the second hulling gap of 2mm-5mm further optimizes the dehulling process, improves the efficiency and cleanliness of buckwheat dehulling, and also increases the whole kernel rate and whole husk rate of buckwheat during dehulling, reduces the loss rate, and improves the overall quality of dehulling.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the rotary drive includes: The motor is mounted on the gap adjustment drive component; A rotating shaft has one end fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor, and the other end passes through the shelling drum and extends out of the shelling drum; The sliding plate has a sliding cavity section in the first housing, which is connected to the cylindrical housing section. The sliding plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical sliding cavity and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sliding cavity.

[0012] Beneficial effects: The motor is mounted on the gap adjustment drive component. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the motor output shaft, and the other end passes through and extends out of the hulling drum, providing power for the rotation of the hulling drum to achieve buckwheat hulling. The motor directly drives the hulling drum to rotate through the rotating shaft, resulting in a short power transmission path and low loss, ensuring stable drum speed (no power fluctuations) and avoiding uneven hulling force caused by unstable speed. The sliding plate is slidably and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical sliding cavity of the first housing, which, in conjunction with the gap adjustment drive component, enables the raising and lowering of the hulling drum, adjusting the gap between the hulling drum and the conical housing to accommodate buckwheat hulling of different particle sizes. The sliding connection between the sliding plate and the sliding cavity section provides guidance for drum raising and lowering (avoiding deviation and jamming), and on the other hand, forms a sealed structure to prevent buckwheat particles or dust from leaking from the gap between the sliding cavity section and the rotating shaft during the hulling process, ensuring a clean production environment.

[0013] In one optional embodiment, a feeding roller is further included. The feeding roller is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the shelling roller. The outer periphery of the feeding roller is provided with a spiral groove. The feeding roller and the inner wall of the first shell form a feeding space. The first feeding port is the same as the feeding space, and the feeding space is located upstream of the first shelling space.

[0014] Beneficial effects: The feeding roller rotates with the rotating shaft, and the spiral grooves on its outer circumference form a spiral feeding channel. After buckwheat enters the feeding space from the first feeding port, it is guided and pushed axially into the first hulling space under the guidance and pushing action of the spiral grooves, avoiding blockage of the first hulling space caused by the concentrated influx of buckwheat raw materials. The feeding roller can continuously push the material into the first hulling space. The first hulling gap in the first hulling space remains unchanged, completing the hulling of easily hulled materials. The second hulling gap can be adjusted by its axial movement to adapt to the hulling of buckwheat with different particle sizes, effectively improving the efficiency and cleanliness of buckwheat hulling.

[0015] In one alternative implementation, it further includes: A material collection bin is installed on the first bracket and is fixedly connected to the first housing. The gap adjustment drive is fixedly connected to the material collection bin through the second bracket. The second housing is fixedly connected to the collection bin and the first housing, respectively, and is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first housing.

[0016] Beneficial effects: The collection hopper is located downstream of the first shell and is used to receive the buckwheat kernels and buckwheat hulls discharged from the second dehulling space, achieving temporary collection and buffering to prevent the material from scattering directly. The collection hopper is installed on the first support and fixedly connected to the first shell. The gap adjustment drive is fixedly connected to the collection hopper through the second support. The second shell is fixedly connected to both the collection hopper and the first shell and is fitted around the outer periphery of the first shell, which makes the device structure more stable, provides stable support for dehulling, screening and other operations, ensures normal operation of the equipment, helps to improve the efficiency and stability of dehulling, screening and other operations, and further improves the finished product quality rate of dehulled rice grains, dust removal efficiency and automatic separation efficiency of hulls and rice.

[0017] In one optional embodiment, a screening component is further included, the screening component comprising: The screening block has a screening channel inside, the screening channel includes a second inlet, a first outlet, a second outlet and a first air inlet, the first inlet is connected to the outlet of the collection layer, and the screening block is located directly below the collection bin; An airflow generator is connected to the first air inlet; A first storage container is disposed directly below the first discharge port, and the inlet of the first storage container is connected to the first discharge port; The airflow generator is used to blow the buckwheat hulls in the screening channel out from the second discharge port, and the buckwheat kernels in the screening channel fall from the first discharge port into the first storage container under the action of gravity.

[0018] Under the influence of gravity, it falls from the first discharge port into the first storage container.

[0019] Beneficial effects: After the hulled mixture enters the screening channel from the collection bin through the second inlet, the directional airflow generated by the airflow generator uses the density difference between the buckwheat hulls (lightweight) and the buckwheat kernels (heavyweight) to achieve separation. The buckwheat hulls are blown to the second outlet and discharged under the action of the airflow, while the buckwheat kernels fall from the first outlet into the first storage container under the action of gravity. It achieves automatic separation of rice husks and grains, improving separation efficiency and reducing manual sorting processes.

[0020] In one alternative embodiment, a dust filtering component is also included, comprising: The first filter screen is located at the first air inlet; A cyclone separator, the inlet of which is connected to the second discharge port, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the second storage container, the second storage container being located directly below the cyclone separator, and the air outlet of the cyclone separator being connected to the air inlet of the airflow generator; The second filter screen is located at the air outlet of the cyclone separator.

[0021] Beneficial effects: The first filter screen, located at the first air inlet, filters the airflow entering the screening channel, preventing dust and other impurities from entering; the cyclone separator, connected to the second discharge port, separates the blown buckwheat hulls and dust, allowing the buckwheat hulls to enter the second storage container after separation, thus achieving effective collection of buckwheat hulls; the second filter screen, located at the air outlet of the cyclone separator, further filters dust in the airflow, making the airflow returning to the airflow generator cleaner, thereby improving the dust removal efficiency of the entire device and significantly reducing the dust concentration in the working environment.

[0022] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The hulling assembly uses a gap adjustment drive to lift and lower the hulling drum, adjusting the gap between the inner wall of the conical shell section and the outer wall of the conical section. This can adapt to buckwheat hulling of different particle sizes, improving the efficiency and cleanliness of buckwheat hulling, and resulting in a high quality rate of hulled rice grains.

[0023] 2. The dust filtration assembly includes a cyclone separator and first and second filters, which can effectively filter dust, have high dust removal efficiency, and can significantly reduce the dust concentration in the working environment.

[0024] 3. The screening component uses an airflow generator to blow the buckwheat hulls in the screening channel out from the second discharge port, and the buckwheat kernels fall from the first discharge port into the first storage container under the action of gravity, realizing automatic separation of hulls and kernels, which is highly efficient and reduces manual sorting processes. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the buckwheat hulling device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the buckwheat hulling device of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the center circle A; Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the center circle B; Figure 5 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the center circle C.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. First support; 2011, Cylindrical shell section; 2012, Conical shell section; 2013, First inclined rib plate; 2014, First feed inlet; 2015, Sliding cavity section; 2021, Motor; 2022, Rotating shaft; 2023, Sliding plate; 203, Gap adjustment drive component; 2041, Cylindrical section; 2042, Conical section; 2043, Second inclined rib plate; 2044, Third inclined rib plate; 300. Feed roller; 301. Spiral groove; 401. Collection bin; 402. Second support frame; 403. Second shell; 501. Screening block; 502. Screening channel; 5021. Second feed inlet; 5022. First discharge outlet; 5023. Second discharge outlet; 5024. First air inlet; 503. Airflow generator; 601. First storage container; 602. Second storage container; 701. First filter screen; 702. Cyclone separator; 703. Second filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this application described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only possible technical implementations of the present invention, but are not limited thereto. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] This application mainly adopts an adjustable-gap dehulling structure combined with screening and filtration components, which achieves high quality of dehulled rice grains, high dust removal efficiency, and high automatic separation efficiency of rice and hulls. The following is a further detailed description of this application.

[0034] The buckwheat dehulling and screening device provided in this application embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 5As shown, the device includes a first support 100, a dehulling assembly, a feeding roller 300, a collection bin 401, a second housing 403, a screening assembly, and a dust filtration assembly. The first support 100 provides a supporting foundation for the entire device. The dehulling assembly is installed on the first support 100 to dehull the buckwheat. The feeding roller 300 assists in the material entering the dehulling assembly. The collection bin 401 collects the dehulled mixture. The second housing 403 protects the internal components. The screening assembly separates the dehulled buckwheat kernels from the buckwheat hulls. The dust filtration assembly filters the dust generated during the screening process. This integrated operation of buckwheat dehulling, screening, and dust removal improves the efficiency and quality of buckwheat processing.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the hulling assembly includes a first housing, a rotary drive, a gap adjustment drive 203, and a hulling roller. The first housing is mounted on a first support 100 and has a cylindrical housing section 2011 and a conical housing section 2012 connected to each other. The cylindrical housing section 2011 can be made of metal, such as stainless steel, which is high-strength, corrosion-resistant, and ensures long-term use of the equipment. Its inner wall is relatively smooth, reducing resistance to material flow. A first feed inlet 2014 is provided on the cylindrical housing section 2011 for the buckwheat to enter. The inner diameter of the conical housing section 2012 gradually increases from top to bottom and can be made of carbon steel, which meets structural strength requirements and is relatively economical. The first housing can also be made of high-strength plastic, which is lightweight, low-cost, and has a certain degree of corrosion resistance. This structural design of the first housing allows the buckwheat to be subjected to varying degrees of compression and friction during the hulling process. The rotary drive includes a motor 2021, a rotating shaft 2022, and a sliding plate 2023. The motor 2021 can be a three-phase asynchronous motor, which has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, and convenient maintenance. It is installed on the gap adjustment drive component 203 to provide power for the rotation of the shelling drum. One end of the rotating shaft 2022 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor 2021 through a coupling to ensure stable power transmission, and the other end passes through the shelling drum and extends out of it. The rotating shaft 2022 can be made of solid alloy steel, which has high strength and wear resistance. The sliding plate 2023 is slidably and rotatably connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical sliding cavity of the first housing. It can be made of copper alloy, which has good wear resistance and self-lubricating properties. The sliding plate 2023 provides guidance for the lifting and lowering of the shelling drum to prevent it from deviating and jamming, and forms a sealing structure to prevent buckwheat particles or dust from leaking from the gap between the sliding cavity section 2015 and the rotating shaft 2022 during the shelling process. The rotating drive component can also be hydraulically or pneumatically driven to adapt to different working scenarios.

[0036] like Figure 3As shown, the gap adjustment drive 203 is installed on the first bracket 100 and can drive the hulling roller to rise and fall, thereby adjusting the gap between the inner wall of the conical shell section 2012 and the outer wall of the conical section 2042. The gap adjustment drive 203 can be an electric screw jack, which has high adjustment accuracy and stable operation. By adjusting the gap, it can adapt to buckwheat hulling of different particle sizes, avoiding incomplete hulling due to excessive gap or excessive crushing due to insufficient gap. The gap adjustment drive 203 can also be a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the hulling roller is located inside the first housing and has a cylindrical section 2041 and a conical section 2042. The hulling roller can be made of aluminum alloy, which is lightweight and high-strength. The inner wall of the cylindrical housing section 2011 and the outer wall of the cylindrical section 2041 enclose the first hulling space, and the inner wall of the conical housing section 2012 and the outer wall of the conical section 2042 enclose the second hulling space. Inclined ribs can be provided on the inner walls of the cylindrical section 2041 and the conical section 2042 to increase the rubbing force on the buckwheat. The design of the first and second hulling spaces allows the buckwheat to be gradually subjected to different degrees of rubbing and squeezing during the hulling process, improving the hulling effect.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the first housing is provided with a first inclined rib plate 2013, which is spirally wound around the inner wall of the first housing. The first inclined rib plate 2013 can be made of metal strips and fixed to the inner wall of the first housing by welding or bolting. The spiral winding structure design allows the buckwheat to move along the direction of the inclined rib plate during the hulling process, increasing the rubbing time and effect. The first inclined rib plate 2013 can also be made of rubber or plastic strips to reduce damage to the buckwheat.

[0039] like Figure 3 As shown, the inner wall of the cylindrical segment 2041 is provided with a second inclined rib plate 2043, and the angle between the second inclined rib plate 2043 and the generatrix of the cylindrical segment 2041 is 15°-65°. The second inclined rib plate 2043 can be made of metal strips or rubber strips and is fixed to the inner wall of the cylindrical segment 2041 by pasting or embedding. This angle design allows the buckwheat to be subjected to more even friction force during the hulling process, improving the hulling effect. The inner wall of the conical segment 2042 is provided with a third inclined rib plate 2044, and the angle between the third inclined rib plate 2044 and the generatrix of the conical segment 2042 is 15°-65°. The structure and function of the third inclined rib plate 2044 are similar to those of the second inclined rib plate 2043, further improving the hulling effect.

[0040] like Figure 3As shown, a first hulling gap of 5mm is formed between the first inclined rib plate 2013 and the second inclined rib plate 2043. This gap design allows easily hulled buckwheat to be hulled within the first hulling space. A second hulling gap of 2mm-5mm is formed between the first inclined rib plate 2013 and the third inclined rib plate 2044. The second hulling gap can be adjusted by the gap adjustment drive component 203 to accommodate buckwheat with different particle sizes.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the feeding roller 300 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 2022 and fixedly connected to the hulling roller. The feeding roller 300 has a spiral groove 301 on its outer periphery. The feeding roller 300 and the inner wall of the first housing enclose a feeding space. The first feed inlet 2014 communicates with the feeding space, and the feeding space is located upstream of the first hulling space. The feeding roller 300 can be made of carbon steel, and the spiral groove 301 on its surface can be machined. The feeding roller 300 rotates with the rotating shaft 2022, and the spiral groove 301 on its outer periphery forms a spiral feeding channel. After the buckwheat enters the feeding space from the first feed inlet 2014, it is guided and pushed axially into the first hulling space by the spiral groove 301, avoiding blockage of the first hulling space caused by a concentrated influx of buckwheat raw materials.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the collection bin 401 is mounted on the first support 100 and fixedly connected to the first housing. The collection bin 401 can be welded from steel plates and can be funnel-shaped to facilitate material collection and conveying. The gap adjustment drive 203 is fixedly connected to the collection bin 401 through the second support 402, which serves to connect and support the gap adjustment drive 203.

[0043] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the second housing 403 is fixedly connected to both the collection bin 401 and the first housing, and is fitted around the outer periphery of the first housing. The second housing 403 can be made of a metal cylinder, which serves to protect the internal equipment and reduce dust emissions. Alternatively, the second housing 403 can be made of transparent plastic, allowing for easy observation of the internal operation of the equipment.

[0044] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, the screening assembly includes a screening block 501, an airflow generator 503, and a first storage container 601. The screening block 501 has a screening channel 502, which includes a second inlet 5021, a first outlet 5022, a second outlet 5023, and a first air inlet 5024. The first inlet 5024 is connected to the outlet of the collection layer, and the screening block 501 is located directly below the collection bin 401. The screening block 501 can be made of aluminum alloy, and its internal screening channel 502 can be manufactured by machining. The airflow generator 503 is connected to the first air inlet 5024 and can be a centrifugal fan, which features a large air volume and high air pressure. The first storage container 601 is located directly below the first outlet 5022, and its inlet is connected to the first outlet 5022; it is used to store the screened buckwheat kernels. The working principle of the screening component is that the airflow generator 503 blows the buckwheat hulls in the screening channel 502 out of the second discharge port 5023, and the buckwheat kernels in the screening channel 502 fall from the first discharge port 5022 into the first storage container 601 under the action of gravity.

[0045] like Figures 3 to 5 As shown, the dust filtration assembly includes a first filter 701, a cyclone separator 702, a second storage container 602, and a second filter 703. The first filter 701, located at the first air inlet 5024, can be a metal filter or a non-woven fabric filter, and is used to filter dust from the air entering the airflow generator 503. The inlet of the cyclone separator 702 is connected to the second outlet 5023, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the second storage container 602, which is located directly below the cyclone separator 702. The cyclone separator 702 can be made of metal, and its working principle is to separate dust and gas using centrifugal force. The second filter 703, located at the air outlet of the cyclone separator 702, further filters dust from the discharged gas. The function of the dust filtration assembly is to efficiently remove dust and reduce the dust concentration in the working environment.

[0046] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: The buckwheat dehulling and screening device of this embodiment achieves integrated and efficient operation of buckwheat dehulling, dust removal, and screening through the coordinated work of various components. The dehulling component drives the dehulling drum to rotate through a rotary drive component, and adjusts the dehulling gap using the gap adjustment drive component 203 to adapt to buckwheat with different particle sizes, thereby improving dehulling efficiency and quality. The screening component achieves automatic separation of husk and rice through an airflow generator 503 and an inclined guide plate, reducing manual sorting steps. The dust filtration component efficiently removes dust through a cyclone separator 702 and a filter screen, improving the working environment. Compared with existing technologies, this device effectively solves the problems of mechanical crushing damaging the rice grain structure, centrifugal impact method causing serious dust pollution, and airflow separation method being complex and energy-intensive, meeting the current industry's demand for refined buckwheat dehulling. Example

[0047] The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that the first shell in the decoction assembly is made of high-strength ceramic material. Ceramic material has advantages such as high hardness, good wear resistance, and corrosion resistance, which can better resist friction and impact during the decoction process, extending the service life of the first shell. At the same time, the smooth surface of the ceramic material helps reduce material adhesion to the inner wall of the shell, improving material flowability.

[0048] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: Using a ceramic first shell improves the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the equipment while ensuring the normal operation of the dehulling components, thus reducing maintenance costs and replacement frequency. Compared to a metal first shell, the ceramic material is better suited to harsh working environments, further improving the overall performance and stability of the buckwheat dehulling and screening device, and meeting users' needs for long-term stable operation. Example

[0049] The difference between this embodiment and the previous embodiment is that the airflow generator 503 in the screening assembly uses an axial flow fan. Axial flow fans are characterized by large flow rate and low noise, providing a large air volume with relatively low energy consumption, thus reducing equipment operating costs. Furthermore, axial flow fans are relatively simple to install and maintain, making them easy for users to operate.

[0050] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: using an axial flow fan as the airflow generator 503 can reduce the energy consumption and noise of the equipment while ensuring the separation effect of buckwheat hulls. Compared with centrifugal fans, axial flow fans are more suitable for large-scale buckwheat hulling and screening operations, improving the economy and practicality of the equipment. By selecting a suitable airflow generator 503, the performance of the buckwheat hulling and screening device is further optimized, meeting the user's needs for energy saving and environmental protection.

[0051] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A buckwheat hulling and screening apparatus, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of shell-off components, including: First support (100); Shell-off component, including first shell, rotary drive, gap adjustment drive (203) and shell-off cylinder, the first shell is mounted on the first support (100), the first shell has connected cylindrical shell section (2011) and conical shell section (2012), first feed port (2014) is opened in the cylindrical shell section (2011), the inner diameter of the conical shell section (2012) gradually increases from top to bottom;The gap adjustment drive (203) is installed on the first support (100), the rotary drive is installed on the gap adjustment drive (203), and is connected with the shell-off cylinder, the shell-off cylinder is located in the first shell, the shell-off cylinder has connected cylindrical section (2041) and conical section (2042), the inner wall of the cylindrical shell section (2011) and the outer wall of the cylindrical section (2041) form first shell-off space, the inner wall of the conical shell section (2012) and the outer wall of the conical section (2042) form second shell-off space, the gap adjustment drive (203) can drive the shell-off cylinder to lift, to adjust the gap between the inner wall of the conical shell section (2012) and the outer wall of the conical section (2042).

2. The buckwheat hulling and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first shell is provided with first inclined rib plate (2013), the first inclined rib plate (2013) is spirally arranged on the inner wall of the first shell;The inner wall of the cylindrical section (2041) is provided with second inclined rib plate (2043), the second inclined rib plate (2043) and the generatrix of the cylindrical section (2041) form an angle of 15°-65°, the inner wall of the conical section (2042) is provided with third inclined rib plate (2044), the third inclined rib plate (2044) and the generatrix of the conical section (2042) form an angle of 15°-65°.

3. The buckwheat hulling and screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first inclined rib plate (2013) and the second inclined rib plate (2043) form first shell-off gap, the first shell-off gap is 5mm;The first inclined rib plate (2013) and the second inclined rib plate (2043) form second shell-off gap, and the second shell-off gap is 2mm-5mm.

4. The buckwheat hulling and screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The rotary drive includes: Motor (2021) is installed on the gap adjustment drive (203); Rotary shaft (2022), one end is fixedly connected with the output shaft of the motor (2021), the other end penetrates the shell-off cylinder, and extends out of the shell-off cylinder; Slip plate (2023), the first shell has sliding cavity section (2015), the sliding cavity section (2015) is connected with the cylindrical shell section (2011), the slip plate (2023) is slidably connected with the cylindrical sliding cavity inner wall, and is rotatably connected with the sliding cavity inner wall.

5. The buckwheat hulling and screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that Further comprising a feeding roller (300) sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (2022) and fixedly connected with the shelling roller, wherein the outer periphery of the feeding roller (300) is provided with a spiral groove (301), the feeding roller (300) and the inner wall of the first shell form a feeding space, the first feeding port (2014) is the same as the feeding space, and the feeding space is located upstream of the first shelling space.

6. The buckwheat hulling and screening device according to claim 5, characterized in that Further comprising: a collecting bin (401) mounted on the first support (100), wherein the collecting bin (401) is fixedly connected with the first shell, and the gap adjusting driving member (203) is fixedly connected with the collecting bin (401) through a second support (402); a second shell (403) fixedly connected with the collecting bin (401) and the first shell and sleeved on the outer periphery of the first shell.

7. The buckwheat hulling and screening device according to claim 6, characterized in that Further comprising a screening assembly, wherein the screening assembly comprises: a screening block (501) provided with a screening channel (502), wherein the screening channel (502) comprises a second feeding port (5021), a first discharging port (5022), a second discharging port (5023) and a first air inlet (5024), the first feeding port (2014) is communicated with the discharging port of the collecting layer, and the screening block (501) is located directly below the collecting bin (401); an airflow generator (503) communicated with the first air inlet (5024); a first storage container (601) arranged directly below the first discharging port (5022), and the inlet of the first storage container (601) is communicated with the first discharging port (5022); the airflow generator (503) is used for blowing buckwheat shells in the screening channel (502) out of the second discharging port (5023), and buckwheat kernels in the screening channel (502) fall from the first discharging port (5022) to the first storage container (601) under the action of gravity.

8. The buckwheat hulling and screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that Further comprising a dust filtering assembly, wherein the dust filtering assembly comprises: a first filter screen (701) arranged at the first air inlet (5024); a cyclone separator (702) with an inlet communicated with the second discharging port (5023) and an outlet communicated with the inlet of a second storage container (602), wherein the second storage container (602) is located directly below the cyclone separator (702), and an air outlet of the cyclone separator (702) is communicated with the air inlet of the airflow generator (503); a second filter screen (703) arranged at the air outlet of the cyclone separator (702).

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