Intelligent grinding machine for ultra-precise inner hole end face taper

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of inner hole grinding, and particularly relates to an ultra-precision inner hole end face taper intelligent grinding machine which comprises a forming machine tool and a workpiece clamp, and the forming machine tool is used for grinding an inner hole and an end face of a workpiece so as to form the workpiece. The forming machine tool comprises an oil floating static pressure guide rail, an oil floating static pressure workpiece shaft, an oil floating static pressure grinding electric spindle and a mechanical arm, and the workpiece clamp is installed on the forming machine tool and comprises a workpiece base. The workpiece base is fixed to a forming machine tool, a counter bore is formed in the upper surface of the workpiece base, the oil floating static pressure workpiece shaft is installed in the counter bore, the outer side of the oil floating static pressure workpiece shaft is connected with a workpiece in a sleeving mode and used for containing the workpiece, a through hole is formed in the workpiece base, and the left side and the right side in the through hole are both slidably connected with sliding rods. The problems that a workpiece cannot be fully fixed in the grinding process, the bottom face of the workpiece is synchronously ground, and the grinding efficiency is low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of internal hole grinding, specifically relating to an ultra-precision intelligent grinding machine for the taper of the inner hole end face. Background Technology

[0002] The ultra-precision intelligent grinding machine for internal hole end face taper is a high-precision CNC machine that integrates internal hole grinding, end face grinding, and taper grinding functions. It is specifically designed for one-time clamping and forming of complex parts. Its core features include micron-level machining accuracy, multi-axis linkage control, and a closed-loop feedback system, making it suitable for aerospace, precision manufacturing, and other fields.

[0003] After hole machining, workpieces require grinding of the inner hole and end face to improve the surface finish and geometric accuracy of the inner hole. However, current grinding machines on the market cannot guarantee the coaxiality of the grinding head and the workpiece when grinding the inner hole, resulting in poor grinding accuracy. Furthermore, the workpiece cannot be adequately fixed, causing it to run around, affecting grinding quality, and even damaging the workpiece. This phenomenon has become a problem that urgently needs to be solved by those in the field. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ultra-precision intelligent grinding machine for the taper of the inner hole end face, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an ultra-precision intelligent grinding machine for inner hole end face taper, comprising a forming machine tool and a workpiece fixture. The forming machine tool is used to grind the inner hole and end face of the workpiece, thereby forming the workpiece. The forming machine tool includes an oil-floating hydrostatic guide rail, an oil-floating hydrostatic workpiece shaft, an oil-floating hydrostatic grinding electric spindle, and a robotic arm. The workpiece fixture is mounted on the forming machine tool and includes a workpiece base. The workpiece base is fixed on the forming machine tool and has a countersunk hole on its upper surface. The oil-floating hydrostatic workpiece shaft is installed in the countersunk hole and has a workpiece sleeved on its outer side for placing the workpiece. The workpiece base has a through hole inside, and slide rods are slidably connected to the left and right sides of the through hole. An arc disk is welded to the outer end of the slide rod, and a slider is connected to the upper end of the arc disk. A clamping block is integrally formed above the slider. A clamping groove is formed on the inner side of the clamping block, and a drive assembly is connected to the bottom of the clamping block. The inner surface of the clamping groove is in contact with the outer surface of the workpiece, and a spring is provided between the two slide rods.

[0006] The present invention further describes that the driving component includes two cylinders, and the output ends of the two cylinders are connected to push rods; the bottom of the clamping block is provided with a groove, and a ring is slidably connected in the groove; the inner walls of the left and right sides of the ring are integrally formed with extrusion blocks, and the extrusion blocks are arc-shaped; the inner wall of the groove is integrally formed with an arc-shaped block; after the ring rotates, the extrusion blocks contact the arc-shaped blocks.

[0007] The present invention further illustrates that the front and rear sides of the ring are integrally formed with top plates, and the inner end of the top rod is connected to one side of the top plate by a bearing, and the bearing is a ball bearing.

[0008] The present invention further explains that the forming machine tool is equipped with a grinding amount identification module, and the cylinder is equipped with a stroke control module; the grinding amount identification module and the stroke control module are electrically connected; the grinding amount identification module is used to identify the grinding amount data after the operator sets the grinding amount and inputs it into the forming machine tool; the stroke control module is used to control the movement stroke of the cylinder according to the grinding amount.

[0009] The present invention further describes that a half-circular arc groove is provided above the arc disk, and the slider is slidably connected in the half-circular arc groove; an embedding groove is provided on the surface of the workpiece base, and a frosting disc is embedded in the inside of the embedding groove.

[0010] The present invention further explains that one end of the arc-shaped block is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove, and after the extrusion block is extruded to the limit position, one end is embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove.

[0011] The present invention further explains that the cylinder includes two operating modes: one is synchronous reciprocating motion, and the other is alternating reciprocating motion.

[0012] The present invention further explains that when the cylinder performs staggered reciprocating motion, the frequency of the reciprocating motion is controlled according to the grinding amount.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: The present invention moves the clamping blocks through the driving component, thereby making the inner wall of the clamping groove contact and fit tightly with the outer surface of the workpiece. The two clamping blocks clamp the workpiece synchronously, thereby ensuring the coaxiality between the center of the inner hole of the workpiece and the grinding head, thus improving the grinding quality. At the same time, it ensures the clamping force on the workpiece, thereby improving the stability of the workpiece during grinding and avoiding workpiece jumping during grinding, further improving the grinding quality. After the clamping groove of the clamping block contacts the workpiece, it fixes the workpiece, thus fully avoiding the workpiece being rotated by force during grinding, which would lead to low grinding efficiency. It improves the coaxiality between the workpiece and the grinding head and enhances grinding stability. When it is necessary to release the workpiece, the cylinder is closed, making the operation automated, convenient and efficient, greatly improving grinding efficiency and ensuring grinding accuracy, and avoiding workpiece jumping during grinding that would affect grinding accuracy. By changing the operation mode of the cylinder, synchronous motion is used to strengthen the clamping force on the workpiece, while alternating motion is used to improve the smoothness of the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the ring, thereby greatly increasing the speed of the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the workpiece, thus improving the grinding speed on the bottom surface of the workpiece and further improving the grinding efficiency on the bottom surface of the workpiece. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the workpiece fixture of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the workpiece fixture of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the arc-shaped block and the extrusion block of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the workpiece fixture of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Workpiece base; 11. Slide rod; 12. Arc disc; 13. Slider; 14. Clamping block; 141. Arc block; 142. Snap-fit ​​groove; 15. Spring; 16. Cylinder; 161. Push rod; 17. Ring; 171. Extrusion block; 172. Top plate; 18. Embedded groove; 181. Grinding disc. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following detailed, non-limiting description of the technical solution of the present invention, in conjunction with preferred embodiments and accompanying drawings, is provided. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0016] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides a technical solution: an intelligent grinding machine for taper of inner hole end face, including a forming machine tool and a workpiece fixture. The forming machine tool is used to grind the inner hole and end face of the workpiece to form the workpiece. The forming machine tool includes an oil-floating hydrostatic guide rail, an oil-floating hydrostatic workpiece shaft, an oil-floating hydrostatic grinding electric spindle and a robotic arm. The workpiece fixture is installed on the forming machine tool and includes a workpiece base 1. The workpiece base 1 is fixed on the forming machine tool, and a countersunk hole is provided on the upper surface. The oil-floating hydrostatic workpiece shaft is installed in the countersunk hole and the workpiece is sleeved on the outside for placing the workpiece. The workpiece base 1 has a through hole inside, and slide rods 11 are slidably connected on both the left and right sides of the through hole. A circular arc disk 12 is welded to the outer end of the slide rod 11. A slider 13 is connected to the upper end of the circular arc disk 12. A clamping block 14 is integrally formed above the slider 13. Clamping slots are provided on the inner side of clamping blocks 14. A drive assembly is connected to the bottom of clamping blocks 14. The inner surface of the clamping slots is in contact with the outer surface of the workpiece. A spring 15 is provided between the two slide rods 11. The oil-floating hydrostatic guideway exhibits smooth reciprocating motion without wear during machining, boasts ultra-fast response speed, extremely low hydrostatic drift, and high precision. Under the guidance of top-tier imported linear encoders, it achieves a repeatability of 0.0005mm, excellent vibration absorption, and a vibration value of 0.001mm / s. The oil-floating hydrostatic workpiece shaft utilizes imported German technology to manufacture an ultra-precision shaft with radial and axial runout less than 0.1µm, ensuring workpiece rotational accuracy. The oil-floating hydrostatic grinding electric spindle is globally leading, achieving axial and radial runout at speeds up to 250,000 RPM. With a runout of less than 0.1 μm, the grinding wheel accuracy is better guaranteed. The roundness of the workpiece after grinding reaches 0.0003 mm, and the surface roughness reaches Ra0.05. The machine tool has a unique structure, which changes the conventional machine tool setting structure. All grinding spindles are fixed structures to achieve zero vibration and better guarantee accuracy. This machine tool adopts the world's top French robotic arm, with a positioning accuracy within 0.02 mm. The machine tool implements closed-loop processing, and the whole machine is temperature controlled and refrigerated. It is equipped with Hannover oil mist recovery device and fire protection facilities to make the whole machine more reliable. The drilled workpiece is fitted onto the oil-floating hydrostatic workpiece shaft, ensuring the bottom surface of the workpiece is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece base 1. Then, the forming machine tool inserts a grinding head into the workpiece hole. The grinding head, like... Figure 1 As shown, it is a T-shaped model. After the workpiece is inserted, the forming machine tool drives the grinding head to rotate, thereby grinding the inner hole and the upper end face of the workpiece. After the workpiece is placed on the workpiece base 1, the clamping block 14 is moved by the drive component, so that the inner wall of the clamping groove contacts and fits tightly with the outer surface of the workpiece. The two clamping blocks 14 clamp the workpiece synchronously, so that the center of the inner hole of the workpiece is coaxial with the grinding head to improve the grinding quality. At the same time, the clamping force on the workpiece is guaranteed to improve the stability of the workpiece during grinding, avoid the workpiece from jumping during grinding, and further improve the grinding quality.

[0017] The drive assembly includes two cylinders 16, and the output ends of the two cylinders 16 are connected to push rods 161; The bottom of the clamping block 14 is provided with a groove, and a ring 17 is slidably connected in the groove. The inner walls of the left and right sides of the ring 17 are integrally formed with extrusion blocks 171, and the extrusion blocks 171 are arc-shaped. The inner wall of the groove is integrally formed with an arc-shaped block 141. After the ring 17 rotates, the extrusion block 171 contacts the arc-shaped block 141.

[0018] The front and rear sides of the ring 17 are integrally formed with top plates 172. The inner end of the push rod 161 is connected to one side of the top plate 172 by a bearing, and the bearing is a ball bearing. When clamping the workpiece, the two cylinders 16 operate synchronously, causing the push rod 161 to contact the top plate 172 and push the top plate 172. The top plate 172 drives the ring 17 to rotate. When the ring 17 rotates, it drives the pressing block 171 to rotate through the center of the ring 17. The pressing block 171 contacts the arc block 141 and presses it. The arc block 141 is subjected to force, causing the clamping block 14 to move inward synchronously. The clamping block 14 drives the arc disk 12 and the slide rod 11 to move synchronously through the slider 13, causing the spring 15 to deform. After the clamping groove of the clamping block 14 contacts the workpiece, it fixes the workpiece, so as to fully avoid the workpiece being subjected to force and rotating during grinding, which would lead to low grinding efficiency, improve the coaxiality of the workpiece and the grinding head, and enhance grinding stability. When it is necessary to release the workpiece, the cylinder 16 is closed, and the spring 15 generates a reaction force, which resets the clamping block 14. The operation is automated, convenient and efficient, which greatly improves the grinding efficiency and ensures the grinding accuracy, avoiding the workpiece jumping during grinding and affecting the grinding accuracy.

[0019] The forming machine tool is equipped with a grinding amount recognition module, and the cylinder 16 is equipped with a stroke control module. The grinding amount identification module is electrically connected to the stroke control module. The grinding amount identification module is used to identify the grinding amount data after the operator sets the grinding amount and inputs it into the forming machine tool. The stroke control module is used to control the movement stroke of the cylinder 16 according to the grinding amount. The stroke of cylinder 16 is controlled according to the grinding amount, thereby controlling the rotation amplitude of ring 17. This causes the extrusion block 171 to change the extrusion force on arc block 141, controlling the clamping force of clamping block 14 on workpiece. For small grinding amounts, the stroke of cylinder 16 is increased to increase the clamping force on workpiece, so as to avoid the workpiece loosening due to continuous force during grinding. Conversely, for small grinding amounts, the stroke of cylinder 16 is reduced. On the one hand, this prevents continuous high-intensity extrusion from damaging the outer surface of workpiece and protects the workpiece. On the other hand, it can relatively reduce energy consumption and save the operating cost of forming machine tool.

[0020] A half-circular arc groove is provided above the arc disk 12, and the slider 13 is slidably connected in the half-circular arc groove. The surface of the workpiece base 1 is provided with an embedding groove 18, and a frosting disc 181 is embedded inside the embedding groove 18. When the force between the extrusion block 171 and the arc block 141 is large, the friction generated by the extrusion between the two makes it difficult for them to separate. At this time, the cylinder 16 can be driven to reciprocate. When the cylinder 16 reciprocates, the ring 17 rotates clockwise and counterclockwise alternately. The workpiece is held by the clamping block 14, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise alternately. In this way, when the grinding head rotates to grind the inner hole of the workpiece, the workpiece itself rotates clockwise and counterclockwise alternately. When rotating, it will rotate in the opposite direction to the grinding head, thereby strengthening the grinding intensity between the two, greatly improving the grinding efficiency and speeding up the grinding speed. Meanwhile, when the workpiece rotates clockwise and counterclockwise, the contact between its bottom surface and the abrasive pad 181 causes friction between them. The abrasive pad 181 can grind the bottom surface of the workpiece without having to flip the workpiece over to grind the bottom surface, which greatly improves efficiency. Even if the grinding is insufficient, only a small amount of grinding is needed after flipping the workpiece, which can also relatively improve the grinding efficiency.

[0021] One end of the arc-shaped block 141 is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove 142. After the extrusion block 171 is extruded to the limit position, one end is embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove 142.

[0022] Cylinder 16 has two operating modes: synchronous reciprocating motion and alternating reciprocating motion. When the grinding volume is large, the grinding intensity of the bottom surface of the workpiece also needs to be strengthened. At this time, the cylinder 16 reaches its maximum stroke, so that one end of the pressing block 171 is embedded in the snap-fit ​​groove 142. The snap-fit ​​groove 142 and the arc block 141 are snapped together. Then, the operation mode of the cylinder 16 is changed from synchronous reciprocating motion to alternating reciprocating motion, that is, one cylinder 16 moves forward and the other cylinder 16 moves backward, thereby increasing the speed of the rotating ring 17. The two cylinders 16 move alternately, making the reciprocating motion speed of the ring 17 higher and the smoothness relatively improved. Synchronous motion is to strengthen the clamping force on the workpiece, while alternating motion is to improve the smoothness of the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the ring 17, thereby greatly increasing the speed of the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the workpiece, so as to increase the grinding speed of the bottom surface of the workpiece and further improve the grinding efficiency of the bottom surface of the workpiece.

[0023] When cylinder 16 is in staggered reciprocating motion, the frequency of the reciprocating motion is controlled according to the grinding amount; When the grinding amount is large, the more grinding is done, the higher the frequency of the two cylinders 16 reciprocating, that is, the higher the grinding intensity, which can fully improve the grinding speed and grinding quality of the workpiece.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0025] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features, and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-precision inner hole end face taper intelligent grinding machine, comprising a forming machine tool and a workpiece clamp, characterized in that: The forming machine tool is used for grinding the inner hole and end face of a workpiece, so as to form the workpiece, and comprises an oil-film hydrostatic guide rail, an oil-film hydrostatic workpiece shaft, an oil-film hydrostatic grinding electric spindle and a mechanical arm. The workpiece base (1) is fixed on the forming machine tool, and a counterbore is formed in the upper surface of the workpiece base (1), the oil-film hydrostatic workpiece shaft is arranged in the counterbore, and the outer side of the oil-film hydrostatic workpiece shaft is sleeved with the workpiece to support the workpiece, the inside of the workpiece base (1) is provided with a through hole, and the through hole is slidably connected with slide rods (11) on the left and right sides, the outer end of each slide rod (11) is welded with a circular arc disc (12), the upper end of the circular arc disc (12) is connected with a sliding block (13), and the upper side of the sliding block (13) is integrally formed with a clamping block (14). The inside of each clamping block (14) is provided with a clamping groove, the bottom of each clamping block (14) is connected with a driving assembly, the inner surface of the clamping groove is attached to the outer surface of the workpiece, and springs (15) are arranged in the middle of the two slide rods (11).

2. The intelligent ultra-precision inner hole end face taper grinding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises two air cylinders (16), and the output end of each air cylinder (16) is connected with a jack rod (161). The bottom of each clamping block (14) is provided with a groove, and a circular ring (17) is slidably connected in the groove, the inner walls of the left and right sides of the circular ring (17) are integrally formed with extrusion blocks (171), and the extrusion blocks (171) are arc-shaped, the inner wall of the groove is integrally formed with an arc-shaped block (141), and the extrusion blocks (171) are in contact with the arc-shaped block (141) after the circular ring (17) rotates.

3. The intelligent ultra-precision inner hole end face taper grinding machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the circular ring (17) are integrally formed with top plates (172), and the inner end of each jack rod (161) is connected with one side of the top plate (172) through a bearing, and the bearing is a ball bearing.

4. The intelligent ultra-precision inner hole end face taper grinding machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inside of the forming machine tool is provided with a grinding amount identification module, and the inside of each air cylinder (16) is provided with a stroke control module. The grinding amount identification module and the stroke control module are electrically connected, the grinding amount identification module is used for identifying grinding amount data according to the grinding amount set by an operator and input to the forming machine tool, and the stroke control module is used for controlling the movement stroke of the air cylinder (16) according to the grinding amount.

5. The intelligent ultra-precision inner hole end face taper grinding machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper side of the circular arc disc (12) is provided with a half circular arc groove, and the sliding block (13) is slidably connected in the half circular arc groove. The surface of the workpiece base (1) is provided with an embedded groove (18), and the embedded groove (18) is embedded with a grinding sheet (181).

6. The intelligent ultra-precision inner hole end face taper grinding machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the arc-shaped block (141) is provided with a clamping groove (142), and one end of the extrusion block (171) is embedded in the clamping groove (142) after the extrusion block (171) is extruded to the limit position.

7. The ultra-precision inner hole end face taper intelligent grinding machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The air cylinder (16) comprises two operating modes, one is synchronous reciprocating motion, and the other is alternating reciprocating motion.

8. The intelligent ultra-precision inner hole end face taper grinding machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the air cylinder (16) is in staggered reciprocating motion, the frequency of the reciprocating motion is controlled according to the grinding amount.

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